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Liu J, Dong S, Gai S, Dong Y, Liu B, Zhao Z, Xie Y, Feng L, Yang P, Lin J. Design and Mechanism Insight of Monodispersed AuCuPt Alloy Nanozyme with Antitumor Activity. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20402-20423. [PMID: 37811650 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The abrogation of the self-adaptive redox evolution of tumors is promising for improving therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we designed a trimetallic alloy nanozyme AuCuPt-PpIX (ACPP), which mimics up to five naturally occurring enzymes: glucose oxidase (GOD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Facilitated by these enzyme-mimicking traits, the constructed ACPP nanozymes can not only disrupt the established redox homeostasis in tumors through a series of enzymatic cascade reactions but also achieve cyclic regeneration of the relevant enzyme substrates. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have theoretically explained the synergistic effect of multimetallic doping and the possible mechanism of enzymatic catalysis. The doped Cu and Pt sites are conducive to the adsorption, activation, and dissociation of reactant molecules, whereas the Au sites are conducive to desorption, which significantly improves catalytic efficiency via a synergistic effect. Additionally, ACPP nanozymes can improve the effect of protoporphyrin (PpIX)-enabled sonodynamic therapy (SDT) by alleviating hypoxia and initiating ferroptosis by inducing lipid peroxidation (LPO) and inhibiting GPX4 activity, thus achieving multimodal synergistic therapy. This study presents a typical paradigm to enable the use of multimetallic alloy nanozymes for the treatment of tumor cells with self-adaptive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shuming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shili Gai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yushan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Lili Feng
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Piaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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Role of Tocochromanols in Tolerance of Cereals to Biotic Stresses: Specific Focus on Pathogenic and Toxigenic Fungal Species. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169303. [PMID: 36012567 PMCID: PMC9408828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens capable of producing mycotoxins are one of the main threats to the cultivation of cereals and the safety of the harvested kernels. Improving the resistance of crops to fungal disease and accumulation of mycotoxins is therefore a crucial issue. Achieving this goal requires a deep understanding of plant defense mechanisms, most of them involving specialized metabolites. However, while numerous studies have addressed the contribution of phenylpropanoids and carotenoids to plant chemical defense, very few have dealt with tocochromanols. Tocochromanols, which encompass tocopherols and tocotrienols and constitute the vitamin E family, are widely distributed in cereal kernels; their biosynthetic pathway has been extensively studied with the aim to enrich plant oils and combat vitamin E deficiency in humans. Here we provide strong assumptions arguing in favor of an involvement of tocochromanols in plant–fungal pathogen interactions. These assumptions are based on both direct effects resulting from their capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species, including lipid peroxyl radicals, on their potential to inhibit fungal growth and mycotoxin yield, and on more indirect effects mainly based on their role in plant protection against abiotic stresses.
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Gerna D, Ballesteros D, Arc E, Stöggl W, Seal CE, Marami-Zonouz N, Na CS, Kranner I, Roach T. Does oxygen affect ageing mechanisms of Pinus densiflora seeds? A matter of cytoplasmic physical state. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2631-2649. [PMID: 35084458 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
During desiccation, the cytoplasm of orthodox seeds solidifies into an intracellular glass with highly restricted diffusion and molecular mobility. Temperature and water content govern seed ageing rates, while oxygen (O2) can promote deteriorative reactions. However, whether the cytoplasmic physical state affects involvement of O2 in seed ageing remains unresolved. We aged Pinus densiflora seeds by controlled deterioration (CD) at 45 °C and distinct relative humidity (RH), resulting in cells with a glassy (11% and 30% RH) or fluid (60% and 80% RH) cytoplasm. Hypoxic conditions (0.4% O2) during CD delayed seed deterioration, lipid peroxidation, and decline of antioxidants (glutathione, α-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol), but only when the cytoplasm was glassy. In contrast, when the cytoplasm was fluid, seeds deteriorated at the same rate regardless of O2 availability, while being associated with limited lipid peroxidation, detoxification of lipid peroxide products, substantial loss of glutathione, and resumption of glutathione synthesis. Changes in metabolite profiles provided evidence of other O2-independent enzymatic reactions in a fluid cytoplasm, including aldo-keto reductase and glutamate decarboxylase activities. Biochemical profiles of seeds stored under seed bank conditions resembled those obtained after CD regimes that maintained a glassy cytoplasm. Overall, O2 contributed more to seed ageing when the cytoplasm was glassy, rather than fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gerna
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Erwann Arc
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Stöggl
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Nicki Marami-Zonouz
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Chae Sun Na
- Seed Conservation Research Division, Department of Seed Vault, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, 2160-53 Munsu-ro, Chunyang-myeon, Bonghwa-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilse Kranner
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Gerna D, Arc E, Holzknecht M, Roach T, Jansen-Dürr P, Weiss AK, Kranner I. AtFAHD1a: A New Player Influencing Seed Longevity and Dormancy in Arabidopsis? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2997. [PMID: 33804275 PMCID: PMC8001395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) proteins form a superfamily found in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota. However, few fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase domain (FAHD)-containing proteins have been studied in Metazoa and their role in plants remains elusive. Sequence alignments revealed high homology between two Arabidopsis thaliana FAHD-containing proteins and human FAHD1 (hFAHD1) implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence. Transcripts of the closest hFAHD1 orthologue in Arabidopsis (AtFAHD1a) peak during seed maturation drying, which influences seed longevity and dormancy. Here, a homology study was conducted to assess if AtFAHD1a contributes to seed longevity and vigour. We found that an A. thaliana T-DNA insertional line (Atfahd1a-1) had extended seed longevity and shallower thermo-dormancy. Compared to the wild type, metabolite profiling of dry Atfahd1a-1 seeds showed that the concentrations of several amino acids, some reducing monosaccharides, and δ-tocopherol dropped, whereas the concentrations of dehydroascorbate, its catabolic intermediate threonic acid, and ascorbate accumulated. Furthermore, the redox state of the glutathione disulphide/glutathione couple shifted towards a more reducing state in dry mature Atfahd1a-1 seeds, suggesting that AtFAHD1a affects antioxidant redox poise during seed development. In summary, AtFAHD1a appears to be involved in seed redox regulation and to affect seed quality traits such as seed thermo-dormancy and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gerna
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (E.A.); (T.R.); (I.K.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
| | - Erwann Arc
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (E.A.); (T.R.); (I.K.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
| | - Max Holzknecht
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
- Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (E.A.); (T.R.); (I.K.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
- Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander K.H. Weiss
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
- Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilse Kranner
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (E.A.); (T.R.); (I.K.)
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.H.); (P.J.-D.)
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Kumar A, Prasad A, Sedlářová M, Ksas B, Havaux M, Pospíšil P. Interplay between antioxidants in response to photooxidative stress in Arabidopsis. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:894-907. [PMID: 32931882 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tocochromanols (tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8), isoprenoid quinone (plastoquinone-9 and plastoquinol-9) and carotenoids (carotenes and xanthophylls), are lipid-soluble antioxidants in the chloroplasts, which play an important defensive role against photooxidative stress in plants. In this study, the interplay between the antioxidant activities of those compounds in excess light stress was analyzed in wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis thaliana and in a tocopherol cyclase mutant (vte1), a homogentisate phytyl transferase mutant (vte2) and a tocopherol cyclase overexpressor (VTE1oex). The results reveal a strategy of cooperation and replacement between α-tocopherol, plastochromanol-8, plastoquinone-9/plastoquinol-9 and zeaxanthin. In the first line of defense (non-radical mechanism), singlet oxygen is either physically or chemically quenched by α-tocopherol; however, when α-tocopherol is consumed, zeaxanthin and plastoquinone-9/plastoquinol-9 can provide alternative protection against singlet oxygen toxicity by functional replacement of α-tocopherol either by zeaxanthin for the physical quenching or by plastoquinone-9/plastoquinol-9 for the chemical quenching. When singlet oxygen escapes this first line of defense, it oxidizes lipids and forms lipid hydroperoxides, which are oxidized to lipid peroxyl radicals by ferric iron. In the second line of defense (radical mechanism), lipid peroxyl radicals are scavenged by α-tocopherol. After its consumption, plastochromanol-8 overtakes this function. We provide a comprehensive description of the reaction pathways underlying the non-radical and radical antioxidant activities of α-tocopherol, carotenoids, plastoquinone-9/plastoquinol-9 and plastochromanol-8. The interplay between the different plastid lipid-soluble antioxidants in the non-radical and the radical mechanism provides step by step insights into protection against photooxidative stress in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ankush Prasad
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Sedlářová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- CEA, CNRS UMR 7265 BVME, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire D'Écophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CEA/Cadarache, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Michel Havaux
- CEA, CNRS UMR 7265 BVME, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire D'Écophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CEA/Cadarache, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Kumar A, Prasad A, Pospíšil P. Formation of α-tocopherol hydroperoxide and α-tocopheroxyl radical: relevance for photooxidative stress in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19646. [PMID: 33184329 PMCID: PMC7665033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tocopherols, lipid-soluble antioxidants play a crucial role in the antioxidant defense system in higher plants. The antioxidant function of α-tocopherol has been widely studied; however, experimental data on the formation of its oxidation products is missing. In this study, we attempt to provide spectroscopic evidence on the detection of oxidation products of α-tocopherol formed by its interaction with singlet oxygen and lipid peroxyl radical. Singlet oxygen was formed using photosensitizer rose bengal and thylakoid membranes isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana. Singlet oxygen reacts with polyunsaturated fatty acid forming lipid hydroperoxide which is oxidized by ferric iron to lipid peroxyl radical. The addition of singlet oxygen to double bond carbon on the chromanol head of α-tocopherol forms α-tocopherol hydroperoxide detected using fluorescent probe swallow-tailed perylene derivative. The decomposition of α-tocopherol hydroperoxide forms α-tocopherol quinone. The hydrogen abstraction from α-tocopherol by lipid peroxyl radical forms α-tocopheroxyl radical detected by electron paramagnetic resonance. Quantification of lipid and protein hydroperoxide from the wild type and tocopherol deficient (vte1) mutant Arabidopsis leaves using a colorimetric ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange assay reveals that α-tocopherol prevents formation of both lipid and protein hydroperoxides at high light. Identification of oxidation products of α-tocopherol might contribute to a better understanding of the protective role of α-tocopherol in the prevention of oxidative damage in higher plants at high light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ankush Prasad
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Nagel M, Seal CE, Colville L, Rodenstein A, Un S, Richter J, Pritchard HW, Börner A, Kranner I. Wheat seed ageing viewed through the cellular redox environment and changes in pH. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:641-654. [PMID: 31092082 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1620226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate biochemical mechanisms leading to seed deterioration, we studied 23 wheat genotypes after exposure to seed bank storage for 6-16 years compared to controlled deterioration (CD) at 45 °C and 14 (CD14) and 18% (CD18) moisture content (MC) for up to 32 days. Under two seed bank storage conditions, seed viability was maintained in cold storage (CS) at 0 °C and 9% seed MC, but significantly decreased in ambient storage (AS) at 20 °C and 9% MC. Under AS and CS, organic free radicals, most likely semiquinones, accumulated, detected by electron paramagnetic resonance, while the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) was partly lost and partly converted to glutathione disulphide (GSSG), detected by HPLC. Under AS the glutathione half-cell reduction potential (EGSSG/2GSH) shifted towards more oxidising conditions, from -186 to -141 mV. In seeds exposed to CD14 or CD18, no accumulation of organic free radicals was observed, GSH and seed viability declined within 32 and 7 days, respectively, GSSG hardly changed (CD14) or decreased (CD18) and EGSSG/2GSH shifted to -116 mV. The pH of extracts prepared from seeds subjected to CS, AS and CD14 decreased with viability, and remained high under CD18. Across all treatments, EGSSG/2GSH correlated significantly with seed viability (r = 0.8, p<.001). Data are discussed with a view that the cytoplasm is in a glassy state in CS and AS, but during the CD treatments, underwent transition to a liquid state. We suggest that enzymes can be active during CD but not under the seed bank conditions tested. However, upon CD, enzyme-based repair processes were apparently outweighed by deteriorative reactions. We conclude that seed ageing by CD and under seed bank conditions are accompanied by different biochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louise Colville
- b Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology , Kew , UK
| | - Axel Rodenstein
- c Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Sun Un
- d Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Structural Biology , Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-yvette , France
| | | | | | | | - Ilse Kranner
- e Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI) , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
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Abstract
The starch-rich endosperms of the Poaceae, which includes wild grasses and their domesticated descendents the cereals, have provided humankind and their livestock with the bulk of their daily calories since the dawn of civilization up to the present day. There are currently unprecedented pressures on global food supplies, largely resulting from population growth, loss of agricultural land that is linked to increased urbanization, and climate change. Since cereal yields essentially underpin world food and feed supply, it is critical that we understand the biological factors contributing to crop yields. In particular, it is important to understand the biochemical pathway that is involved in starch biosynthesis, since this pathway is the major yield determinant in the seeds of six out of the top seven crops grown worldwide. This review outlines the critical stages of growth and development of the endosperm tissue in the Poaceae, including discussion of carbon provision to the growing sink tissue. The main body of the review presents a current view of our understanding of storage starch biosynthesis, which occurs inside the amyloplasts of developing endosperms.
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Hasiewicz-Derkacz K, Kulma A, Czuj T, Prescha A, Żuk M, Grajzer M, Łukaszewicz M, Szopa J. Natural phenolics greatly increase flax (Linum usitatissimum) oil stability. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:62. [PMID: 26123633 PMCID: PMC4485345 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flaxseed oil is characterized by high content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) promoted as a human dietary supplement protecting against atherosclerosis. The disadvantage of the high PUFA content in flax oil is high susceptibility to oxidation, which can result in carcinogenic compound formation. Linola flax cultivar is characterized by high linoleic acid content in comparison to traditional flax cultivars rich in linolenic acid. The changes in fatty acid proportions increase oxidative stability of Linola oil and broaden its use as an edible oil for cooking. However one of investigated transgenic lines has high ALA content making it suitable as omega-3 source. Protection of PUFA oxidation is a critical factor in oil quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of phenylpropanoid contents on the oil properties important during the whole technological process from seed storage to grinding and oil pressing, which may influence health benefits as well as shelf-life, and to establish guidelines for the selection of new cultivars. METHODS The composition of oils was determined by chromatographic (GS-FID and LC-PDA-MS) methods. Antioxidant properties of secondary metabolites were analyzed by DPPH method. The stability of oils was investigated: a) during regular storage by measuring acid value peroxide value p-anisidine value malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and trienes; b) by using accelerated rancidity tests by TBARS reaction; c) by thermoanalytical - differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). RESULTS In one approach, in order to increase oil stability, exogenous substances added are mainly lipid soluble antioxidants from the isoprenoid pathway, such as tocopherol and carotene. The other approach is based on transgenic plant generation that accumulates water soluble compounds. Increased accumulation of phenolic compounds in flax seeds was achieved by three different strategies that modify genes coding for enzymes from the phenylpropanoid pathway. The three types of transgenic flax had different phenylpropanoid profiles detected in oil, highly increasing its stability. CONCLUSIONS We found that hydrophilic phenylpropanoids more than lipophilic isoprenoid compounds determine oil stability however they can work synergistically. Among phenolics the caffeic acid was most effective in increasing oil stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Kulma
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Linum Foundation, Plac Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Tadeusz Czuj
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, The Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Plant Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Prescha
- Department of Food Science and Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Żuk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Linum Foundation, Plac Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Grajzer
- Department of Food Science and Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marcin Łukaszewicz
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Fryderyka Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jan Szopa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Linum Foundation, Plac Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, The Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Plant Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363, Wrocław, Poland.
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Fernández-Marín B, Milla R, Martín-Robles N, Arc E, Kranner I, Becerril JM, García-Plazaola JI. Side-effects of domestication: cultivated legume seeds contain similar tocopherols and fatty acids but less carotenoids than their wild counterparts. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:1599. [PMID: 25526984 PMCID: PMC4302433 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipophilic antioxidants play dual key roles in edible seeds (i) as preservatives of cell integrity and seed viability by preventing the oxidation of fats, and (ii) as essential nutrients for human and animal life stock. It has been well documented that plant domestication and post-domestication evolution frequently resulted in increased seed size and palatability, and reduced seed dormancy. Nevertheless, and surprisingly, it is poorly understood how agricultural selection and cultivation affected the physiological fitness and the nutritional quality of seeds. Fabaceae have the greatest number of crop species of all plant families, and most of them are cultivated for their highly nutritious edible seeds. Here, we evaluate whether evolution of plants under cultivation has altered the integrated system formed by membranes (fatty acids) and lipophilic antioxidants (carotenoids and tocopherols), in the ten most economically important grain legumes and their closest wild relatives, i.e.: Arachis (peanut), Cicer (chickpea), Glycine (soybean), Lathyrus(vetch), Lens (lentil), Lupinus (lupin), Phaseolus (bean), Pisum (pea), Vicia (faba bean) and Vigna (cowpea). RESULTS Unexpectedly, we found that following domestication, the contents of carotenoids, including lutein and zeaxanthin, decreased in all ten species (total carotenoid content decreased 48% in average). Furthermore, the composition of carotenoids changed, whereby some carotenoids were lost in most of the crops. An undirected change in the contents of tocopherols and fatty acids was found, with contents increasing in some species and decreasing in others, independently of the changes in carotenoids. In some species, polyunsaturated fatty acids (linolenic acid especially), α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol decreased following domestication. CONCLUSIONS The changes in carotenoids, tocopherols and fatty acids are likely side-effects of the selection for other desired traits such as the loss of seed dormancy and dispersal mechanisms, and selection for seed storability and taste. This work may serve as baseline to broaden our knowledge on the integrated changes on crop fitness and nutritional quality following domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernández-Marín
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
- Institute of Botany, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Rubén Milla
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933, Spain.
| | - Nieves Martín-Robles
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933, Spain.
| | - Erwann Arc
- Institute of Botany, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Ilse Kranner
- Institute of Botany, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - José María Becerril
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - José Ignacio García-Plazaola
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
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Radchuk V, Borisjuk L. Physical, metabolic and developmental functions of the seed coat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:510. [PMID: 25346737 PMCID: PMC4193196 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The conventional understanding of the role of the seed coat is that it provides a protective layer for the developing zygote. Recent data show that the picture is more nuanced. The seed coat certainly represents a first line of defense against adverse external factors, but it also acts as channel for transmitting environmental cues to the interior of the seed. The latter function primes the seed to adjust its metabolism in response to changes in its external environment. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with a comprehensive view of the structure and functionality of the seed coat, and to expose its hidden interaction with both the endosperm and embryo. Any breeding and/or biotechnology intervention seeking to increase seed size or modify seed features will have to consider the implications on this tripartite interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Heterosis, Molecular Genetics, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und KulturpflanzenforschungGatersleben, Germany
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