1
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Noma T, Chen HY, Dhara B, Sotome M, Nomoto T, Arita R, Nakamura M, Miyajima D. Bulk Photovoltaic Effect Along the Nonpolar Axis in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309055. [PMID: 37635091 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) was considered as a built-in electric field formed by the macroscopic polarization of materials. Alternatively, the "shift current mechanism" has been gradually accepted as the more appropriate description of the BPVE. This mechanism implies that the photocurrent generated by the BPVE is a topological current featuring an ultrafast response and dissipation-less nature, which is very attractive for photodetector applications. Meanwhile, the origin of the BPVE in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) has not been discussed and is still widely accepted as the classical mechanism without any experimental evidence. Herein, we observed the BPVE along the nonpolar axis in OIHPs, which is inconsistent with the classical explanation. Furthermore, based on the nonlinear optical tensor correlation, we substantiated that the BPVE in OIHPs is originated in the shift current mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Noma
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hsiao-Yi Chen
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Barun Dhara
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masato Sotome
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Takuya Nomoto
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Arita
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Masao Nakamura
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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2
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Zhang C, Guo P, Zhou J. Tailoring Bulk Photovoltaic Effects in Magnetic Sliding Ferroelectric Materials. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9297-9305. [PMID: 36441961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The bulk photovoltaic effect that is intimately associated with crystalline symmetry has been extensively studied in various nonmagnetic materials, especially ferroelectrics with a switchable electric polarization. In order to further engineer the symmetry, one could resort to spin-polarized systems possessing an extra magnetic degree of freedom. Here, we investigate the bulk photovoltaic effect in two-dimensional magnetic sliding ferroelectric (MSFE) systems, illustrated in VSe2, FeCl2, and CrI3 bilayers. The transition metal elements in these systems exhibit intrinsic spin polarization, and the stacking mismatch between the two layers produces a finite out-of-plane electric dipole. Through symmetry analyses and first-principles calculations, we show that photoinduced in-plane bulk photovoltaic current can be effectively tuned by their magnetic order and the out-of-plane dipole moment. The underlying mechanism is elucidated from the quantum metric dipole distribution in the reciprocal space. The ease of the fabrication and manipulation of MSFEs guarantee practical optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, China
| | - Ping Guo
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, China
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3
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Pressure-Enhanced Photocurrent in One-Dimensional SbSI via Lone-Pair Electron Reconfiguration. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113845. [PMID: 35683147 PMCID: PMC9182005 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relationships between the local structures and physical properties of low-dimensional ferroelectrics is of both fundamental and practical importance. Here, pressure-induced enhancement in the photocurrent of SbSI is observed by using pressure to regulate the lone-pair electrons (LPEs). The reconfiguration of LPEs under pressure leads to the inversion symmetry broken in the crystal structure and an optimum bandgap according to the Shockley–Queisser limit. The increased polarization caused by the stereochemical expression of LPEs results in a significantly enhanced photocurrent at 14 GPa. Our research enriches the foundational understanding of structure–property relationships by regulating the stereochemical role of LPEs and offers a distinctive approach to the design of ferroelectric-photovoltaic materials.
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4
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Kaner NT, Wei Y, Raza A, Li W, Jiang Y, Tian WQ. Colossal In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Shift Photocurrents in Single-Layer Two-Dimensional α-Antimonide Phosphorus. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23348-23354. [PMID: 35575692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For materials lacking inversion symmetries, an interband transition induced by a photon may result in excited electrons (holes) experiencing a spatial shift leading to generation of directional photocurrents. This phenomenon known as bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) shift photocurrent (SPC) has recently attracted immense attention owing to its potential in generating photovoltages that are not restricted by Shockley-Queisser limitations imposed by materials' electronic band gaps. The BPVE was recently reformulated in a quantum mechanics viewpoint as the change in the geometrical phase upon photoexcitation and can now be promptly calculated from Bloch wave functions generated by first-principles calculations. The SPC of an electron (hole) is robust against crystal defects and impurities both in the interior and the surface and can be less dissipative and ultrafast. Herein, an emergence of colossal SPC in a pristine two-dimensional (2D) single-layer α-SbP crystal is predicted from first-principles calculations. An external electric field is further applied on the 2D crystal, and a large SPC enhancement is achieved. The locations of the SPC peaks due to both in-plane and out-of-plane responses suggest that α-SbP can generate a large photocurrent both in visible-light and ultraviolet regions. Single-layer 2D α-SbP is thus an excellent material for strong SPC. This finding is thus expected to open a pathway to exploring efficient photovoltaic devices based on monolayer α-SbP and similar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yadong Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Materials and Devices at Extreme Environment, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Physics, University of Sialkot (USKT), 1-Km Main Daska Road, Sialkot 51040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Weiqi Li
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Materials and Devices at Extreme Environment, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Xi'an 710024, China
| | - YongYuan Jiang
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Lab of Micro-Optics and Photonic Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wei Quan Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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5
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Sirica N, Orth PP, Scheurer MS, Dai YM, Lee MC, Padmanabhan P, Mix LT, Teitelbaum SW, Trigo M, Zhao LX, Chen GF, Xu B, Yang R, Shen B, Hu C, Lee CC, Lin H, Cochran TA, Trugman SA, Zhu JX, Hasan MZ, Ni N, Qiu XG, Taylor AJ, Yarotski DA, Prasankumar RP. Photocurrent-driven transient symmetry breaking in the Weyl semimetal TaAs. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:62-66. [PMID: 34750539 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Symmetry plays a central role in conventional and topological phases of matter, making the ability to optically drive symmetry changes a critical step in developing future technologies that rely on such control. Topological materials, like topological semimetals, are particularly sensitive to a breaking or restoring of time-reversal and crystalline symmetries, which affect both bulk and surface electronic states. While previous studies have focused on controlling symmetry via coupling to the crystal lattice, we demonstrate here an all-electronic mechanism based on photocurrent generation. Using second harmonic generation spectroscopy as a sensitive probe of symmetry changes, we observe an ultrafast breaking of time-reversal and spatial symmetries following femtosecond optical excitation in the prototypical type-I Weyl semimetal TaAs. Our results show that optically driven photocurrents can be tailored to explicitly break electronic symmetry in a generic fashion, opening up the possibility of driving phase transitions between symmetry-protected states on ultrafast timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sirica
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - P P Orth
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - M S Scheurer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Y M Dai
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Center for Superconducting Physics and Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - M-C Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - P Padmanabhan
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - L T Mix
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - S W Teitelbaum
- Department of Physics, Arizona State Univeristy, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Beus CXFEL Labs, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State Univeristy, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - M Trigo
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - L X Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - G F Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Xu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Yang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Shen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C-C Lee
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T A Cochran
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - S A Trugman
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - J-X Zhu
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - M Z Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - N Ni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - X G Qiu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - A J Taylor
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - D A Yarotski
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - R P Prasankumar
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
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6
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Lou P, Lee JY. Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in GaNGeC Quaternary Compound Semiconductors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17098-17104. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05775h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compared to the p-n junction photovoltaic effect, the bulk photovoltaic effect is a potential way to overcome the external limitations of solar energy conversion. It is challenging to find new...
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7
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Ma Q, Grushin AG, Burch KS. Topology and geometry under the nonlinear electromagnetic spotlight. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1601-1614. [PMID: 34127824 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For many materials, a precise knowledge of their dispersion spectra is insufficient to predict their ordered phases and physical responses. Instead, these materials are classified by the geometrical and topological properties of their wavefunctions. A key challenge is to identify and implement experiments that probe or control these quantum properties. In this Review, we describe recent progress in this direction, focusing on nonlinear electromagnetic responses that arise directly from quantum geometry and topology. We give an overview of the field by discussing theoretical ideas, experiments and the materials that drive them. We conclude by discussing how these techniques can be combined with device architectures to uncover, probe and ultimately control quantum phases with emergent topological and correlated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ma
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Adolfo G Grushin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Kenneth S Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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8
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Peng B, Che X, Luo M, Wang D, Wang Y, Gu Y, Huang F. Synthesis, structure, and nonlinear optical property of Bi0.33Sb0.67SI. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Nonlinear nanoelectrodynamics of a Weyl metal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2116366118. [PMID: 34819380 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116366118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral Weyl fermions with linear energy-momentum dispersion in the bulk accompanied by Fermi-arc states on the surfaces prompt a host of enticing optical effects. While new Weyl semimetal materials keep emerging, the available optical probes are limited. In particular, isolating bulk and surface electrodynamics in Weyl conductors remains a challenge. We devised an approach to the problem based on near-field photocurrent imaging at the nanoscale and applied this technique to a prototypical Weyl semimetal TaIrTe4 As a first step, we visualized nano-photocurrent patterns in real space and demonstrated their connection to bulk nonlinear conductivity tensors through extensive modeling augmented with density functional theory calculations. Notably, our nanoscale probe gives access to not only the in-plane but also the out-of-plane electric fields so that it is feasible to interrogate all allowed nonlinear tensors including those that remained dormant in conventional far-field optics. Surface- and bulk-related nonlinear contributions are distinguished through their "symmetry fingerprints" in the photocurrent maps. Robust photocurrents also appear at mirror-symmetry breaking edges of TaIrTe4 single crystals that we assign to nonlinear conductivity tensors forbidden in the bulk. Nano-photocurrent spectroscopy at the boundary reveals a strong resonance structure absent in the interior of the sample, providing evidence for elusive surface states.
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10
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Piezoelectric A 15B 16C 17 Compounds and Their Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting and Sensors: A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226973. [PMID: 34832373 PMCID: PMC8623261 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interest in pyroelectrics and piezoelectrics has increased worldwide on account of their unique properties. Applications based on these phenomena include piezo- and pyroelectric nanogenerators, piezoelectric sensors, and piezocatalysis. One of the most interesting materials used in this growing field are A15B16C17 nanowires, an example of which is SbSI. The latter has an electromechanical coupling coefficient of 0.8, a piezoelectric module of 2000 pC/N, and a pyroelectric coefficient of 12 × 10−3 C/m2K. In this review, we examine the production and properties of these nanowires and their composites, such as PAN/SbSI and PVDF/SbSI. The generated electrical response from 11 different structures under various excitations, such as an impact or a pressure shock, are presented. It is shown, for example, that the PVDF/SbSI and PAN/SbSI composites have well-arranged nanowires, the orientation of which greatly affects the value of its output power. The power density for all the nanogenerators based upon A15B16C17 nanowires (and their composites) are recalculated by use of the same key equation. This enables an accurate comparison of the efficiency of all the configurations. The piezo- and photocatalytic properties of SbSI nanowires are also presented; their excellent ability is shown by the high reaction kinetic rate constant (7.6 min−1).
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11
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Kaneko T, Sun Z, Murakami Y, Golež D, Millis AJ. Bulk Photovoltaic Effect Driven by Collective Excitations in a Correlated Insulator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:127402. [PMID: 34597083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.127402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the bulk photovoltaic effect, which rectifies light into electric current, in a collective quantum state with correlation driven electronic ferroelectricity. We show via explicit real-time dynamical calculations that the effect of the applied electric field on the electronic order parameter leads to a strong enhancement of the bulk photovoltaic effect relative to the values obtained in a conventional insulator. The enhancements include both resonant enhancements at sub-band-gap frequencies, arising from excitation of optically active collective modes, and broadband enhancements arising from nonresonant deformations of the electronic order. The deformable electronic order parameter produces an injection current contribution to the bulk photovoltaic effect that is entirely absent in a rigid-band approximation to a time-reversal symmetric material. Our findings establish that correlation effects can lead to the bulk photovoltaic effect and demonstrate that the collective behavior of ordered states can yield large nonlinear optical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kaneko
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Yuta Murakami
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Denis Golež
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, USA
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrew J Millis
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, USA
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12
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Przyczyna D, Suchecki M, Adamatzky A, Szaciłowski K. Towards Embedded Computation with Building Materials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071724. [PMID: 33807438 PMCID: PMC8038044 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We present results showing the capability of concrete-based information processing substrate in the signal classification task in accordance with in materio computing paradigm. As the Reservoir Computing is a suitable model for describing embedded in materio computation, we propose that this type of presented basic construction unit can be used as a source for “reservoir of states” necessary for simple tuning of the readout layer. We present an electrical characterization of the set of samples with different additive concentrations followed by a dynamical analysis of selected specimens showing fingerprints of memfractive properties. As part of dynamic analysis, several fractal dimensions and entropy parameters for the output signal were analyzed to explore the richness of the reservoir configuration space. In addition, to investigate the chaotic nature and self-affinity of the signal, Lyapunov exponents and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis exponents were calculated. Moreover, on the basis of obtained parameters, classification of the signal waveform shapes can be performed in scenarios explicitly tuned for a given device terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Przyczyna
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Maciej Suchecki
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrew Adamatzky
- Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, Unconventional Computing Lab, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
| | - Konrad Szaciłowski
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (K.S.)
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13
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Zhang C, Guo Y, He D, Komiya J, Watanabe G, Ogaki T, Wang C, Nihonyanagi A, Inuzuka H, Gong H, Yi Y, Takimiya K, Hashizume D, Miyajima D. A Design Principle for Polar Assemblies with C 3 -Sym Bowl-Shaped π-Conjugated Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3261-3267. [PMID: 33098203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polar materials attract wide research interest due to their unique properties, such as ferroelectricity and the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), which are not accessible with nonpolar materials. However, in general, rationally designing polar materials is difficult because nonpolar materials are more favorable in terms of dipole-dipole interactions. Here, we report a rational strategy to form polar assemblies with bowl-shaped π-conjugated molecules and a molecular design principle for this strategy. We synthesized and thoroughly characterized 12 single crystals with the help of various theoretical calculations. Furthermore, we demonstrated that it can be possible to predict whether polar assemblies become more favorable or not by estimating their lattice energies. We believe that this study contributes to the development of organic polar materials and their related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuan Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Dan He
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Jouji Komiya
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chengyuan Wang
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nihonyanagi
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hao Gong
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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14
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Liu YH, Peng H, Liao WQ. A lead-free bismuth iodide organic-inorganic ferroelectric semiconductor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:647-650. [PMID: 33346305 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07443h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic metal halide ferroelectric semiconductors are mainly lead halide ones, suffering from the presence of toxic lead. Herein, we report a lead-free bismuth iodide ferroelectric semiconductor [1,4-butanediammonium]BiI5, showing a high Curie temperature of 365 K and a small band gap of 1.95 eV, smaller than those of most lead halide counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Liu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hang Peng
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Liao
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Giant topological longitudinal circular photo-galvanic effect in the chiral multifold semimetal CoSi. Nat Commun 2021; 12:154. [PMID: 33420054 PMCID: PMC7794406 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of mirror symmetry, or chirality, is behind striking natural phenomena found in systems as diverse as DNA and crystalline solids. A remarkable example occurs when chiral semimetals with topologically protected band degeneracies are illuminated with circularly polarized light. Under the right conditions, the part of the generated photocurrent that switches sign upon reversal of the light's polarization, known as the circular photo-galvanic effect, is predicted to depend only on fundamental constants. The conditions to observe quantization are non-universal, and depend on material parameters and the incident frequency. In this work, we perform terahertz emission spectroscopy with tunable photon energy from 0.2 -1.1 eV in the chiral topological semimetal CoSi. We identify a large longitudinal photocurrent peaked at 0.4 eV reaching ~550 μ A/V2, which is much larger than the photocurrent in any chiral crystal reported in the literature. Using first-principles calculations we establish that the peak originates only from topological band crossings, reaching 3.3 ± 0.3 in units of the quantization constant. Our calculations indicate that the quantized circular photo-galvanic effect is within reach in CoSi upon doping and increase of the hot-carrier lifetime. The large photo-conductivity suggests that topological semimetals could potentially be used as novel mid-infrared detectors.
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16
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Zhang C, Guo Y, He D, Komiya J, Watanabe G, Ogaki T, Wang C, Nihonyanagi A, Inuzuka H, Gong H, Yi Y, Takimiya K, Hashizume D, Miyajima D. A Design Principle for Polar Assemblies with C
3
‐Sym Bowl‐Shaped π‐Conjugated Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yuan Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Light Industry and Engineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Dan He
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Jouji Komiya
- Department of Physics School of Science Kitasato University 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0373 Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of Physics School of Science Kitasato University 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0373 Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Chengyuan Wang
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Atsuko Nihonyanagi
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Hao Gong
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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17
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Hatada H, Nakamura M, Sotome M, Kaneko Y, Ogawa N, Morimoto T, Tokura Y, Kawasaki M. Defect tolerant zero-bias topological photocurrent in a ferroelectric semiconductor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:20411-20415. [PMID: 32778597 PMCID: PMC7456187 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lattice defect is a major cause of energy dissipation in conventional electric current due to the drift and diffusion motions of electrons. Different nature of current emerges when noncentrosymmetric materials are excited by light. This current, called the shift current, originates from the change in the Berry connection of electrons' wave functions during the interband optical transition. Here, we demonstrate the defect tolerance of shift current using single crystals of ferroelectric semiconductor antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI). Although the dark conductance spreads over several orders of magnitude in each crystal due to the difference in the density of defect levels, the observed shift current converges to an identical value. We also reveal that the shift current is scarcely disturbed by the surface defects while they drastically suppress the conventional photocurrent. The defect tolerance is a manifestation of the topological nature of shift current, which will be a crucial advantage in optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hatada
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masao Nakamura
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masato Sotome
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kaneko
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoki Ogawa
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takahiro Morimoto
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tokura
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Tokyo College, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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18
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Kaner N, Wei Y, Jiang Y, Li W, Xu X, Pang K, Li X, Yang J, Jiang Y, Zhang G, Tian WQ. Enhanced Shift Currents in Monolayer 2D GeS and SnS by Strain-Induced Band Gap Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17207-17214. [PMID: 32715206 PMCID: PMC7376894 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Group IV monochalcogenides exhibit spontaneous polarization and ferroelectricity, which are important in photovoltaic materials. Since strain engineering plays an important role in ferroelectricity, in the present work, the effect of equibiaxial strain on the band structure and shift currents in monolayer two-dimensional (2D) GeS and SnS has systematically been investigated using the first-principles calculations. The conduction bands of those materials are more responsive to strain than the valence bands. Increased equibiaxial compressive strain leads to a drastic reduction in the band gap and finally the occurrence of phase transition from semiconductor to metal at strains of -15 and -14% for GeS and SnS, respectively. On the other hand, tensile equibiaxial strain increases the band gap slightly. Similarly, increased equibiaxial compressive strain leads to a steady almost four times increase in the shift currents at a strain of -12% with direction change occurring at -8% strain. However, at phase transition from semiconductor to metal, the shift currents of the two materials completely vanish. Equibiaxial tensile strain also leads to increased shift currents. For SnS, shift currents do not change direction, just as the case of GeS at low strain; however, at a strain of +8% and beyond, direction reversal of shift currents beyond the band gap in GeS occur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yadong Wei
- School
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yingjie Jiang
- School
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Weiqi Li
- School
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- School
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kaijuan Pang
- School
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xingji Li
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute
of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jianqun Yang
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute
of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - YongYuan Jiang
- School
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guiling Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin
University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Wei Quan Tian
- Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing
University, Huxi Campus, Chongqing 401331, China
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Grinberg
- Department of Chemistry Bar Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
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20
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Zhang C, Nakano K, Nakamura M, Araoka F, Tajima K, Miyajima D. Noncentrosymmetric Columnar Liquid Crystals with the Bulk Photovoltaic Effect for Organic Photodetectors. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3326-3330. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kyohei Nakano
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masao Nakamura
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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21
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Gao Y, Kaushik S, Philip EJ, Li Z, Qin Y, Liu YP, Zhang WL, Su YL, Chen X, Weng H, Kharzeev DE, Liu MK, Qi J. Chiral terahertz wave emission from the Weyl semimetal TaAs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:720. [PMID: 32024831 PMCID: PMC7002692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Weyl semimetals host chiral fermions with distinct chiralities and spin textures. Optical excitations involving those chiral fermions can induce exotic carrier responses, and in turn lead to novel optical phenomena. Here, we discover strong coherent terahertz emission from Weyl semimetal TaAs, which is demonstrated as a unique broadband source of the chiral terahertz wave. The polarization control of the THz emission is achieved by tuning photoexcitation of ultrafast photocurrents via the photogalvanic effect. In the near-infrared regime, the photon-energy dependent nonthermal current due to the predominant circular photogalvanic effect can be attributed to the radical change of the band velocities when the chiral Weyl fermions are excited during selective optical transitions between the tilted anisotropic Weyl cones and the massive bulk bands. Our findings provide a design concept for creating chiral photon sources using quantum materials and open up new opportunities for developing ultrafast opto-electronics using Weyl physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - S Kaushik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - E J Philip
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Z Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Quantum Devices, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Y Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Y P Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - W L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Y L Su
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - H Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - D E Kharzeev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA.
- RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA.
| | - M K Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - J Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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22
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Li L, Liu X, He C, Wang S, Ji C, Zhang X, Sun Z, Zhao S, Hong M, Luo J. A Potential Sn-Based Hybrid Perovskite Ferroelectric Semiconductor. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1159-1163. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Sasa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengmin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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23
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Switchable magnetic bulk photovoltaic effect in the two-dimensional magnet CrI 3. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3783. [PMID: 31439851 PMCID: PMC6706386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) rectifies light into the dc current in a single-phase material and attracts the interest to design high-efficiency solar cells beyond the pn junction paradigm. Because it is a hot electron effect, the BPVE surpasses the thermodynamic Shockley-Queisser limit to generate above-band-gap photovoltage. While the guiding principle for BPVE materials is to break the crystal centrosymmetry, here we propose a magnetic photogalvanic effect (MPGE) that introduces the magnetism as a key ingredient and induces a giant BPVE. The MPGE emerges from the magnetism-induced asymmetry of the carrier velocity in the band structure. We demonstrate the MPGE in a layered magnetic insulator CrI3, with much larger photoconductivity than any previously reported results. The photocurrent can be reversed and switched by controllable magnetic transitions. Our work paves a pathway to search for magnetic photovoltaic materials and to design switchable devices combining magnetic, electronic, and optical functionalities.
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24
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Mistewicz K, Nowak M, Stróż D. A Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Effect in SbSI Nanowires. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9040580. [PMID: 30970586 PMCID: PMC6523164 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A ferroelectric-photovoltaic effect in nanowires of antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) is presented for the first time. Sonochemically prepared SbSI nanowires have been characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and optical diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). The temperature dependences of electrical properties of the fabricated SbSI nanowires have been investigated too. The indirect forbidden energy gap EgIf = 1.862 (1) eV and Curie temperature TC = 291 (2) K of SbSI nanowires have been determined. Aligned SbSI nanowires have been deposited in an electric field between Pt electrodes on alumina substrate. The photoelectrical response of such a prepared ferroelectric-photovoltaic (FE-PV) device can be switched using a poling electric field and depends on light intensity. The photovoltage, generated under λ = 488 nm illumination of Popt = 127 mW/cm² optical power density, has reached UOC = 0.119 (2) V. The presented SbSI FE-PV device is promising for solar energy harvesting as well as for application in non-volatile memories based on the photovoltaic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Mistewicz
- Institute of Physics-Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Marian Nowak
- Institute of Physics-Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Danuta Stróż
- Institute of Material Science, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
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25
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Burger AM, Agarwal R, Aprelev A, Schruba E, Gutierrez-Perez A, Fridkin VM, Spanier JE. Direct observation of shift and ballistic photovoltaic currents. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau5588. [PMID: 30746451 PMCID: PMC6357740 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau5588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The quantum phenomenon of shift photovoltaic current was predicted decades ago, but this effect was never observed directly because shift and ballistic currents coexist. The atomic-scale relaxation time of shift, along with the absence of a photo-Hall behavior, has made decisive measurement of shift elusive. Here, we report a facile, direct-current, steady-state method for unambiguous determination of shift by means of the simultaneous measurements of linear and circular bulk photovoltaic currents under magnetic field, in a sillenite piezoelectric crystal. Comparison with theoretical predictions permits estimation of the signature length scale for shift. Remarkably, shift and ballistic photovoltaic currents under monochromatic illumination simultaneously flow in opposite directions. Disentangling the shift and ballistic contributions opens the way for quantitative, fundamental insight into and practical understanding of these radically different photovoltaic current mechanisms and their relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Burger
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Radhe Agarwal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexey Aprelev
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward Schruba
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Vladimir M. Fridkin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 59, Moscow, 117333, Russian Federation
| | - Jonathan E. Spanier
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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