1
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Teixeira P, Galland R, Chevrollier A. Super-resolution microscopies, technological breakthrough to decipher mitochondrial structure and dynamic. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 159-160:38-51. [PMID: 38310707 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex organelles with an outer membrane enveloping a second inner membrane that creates a vast matrix space partitioned by pockets or cristae that join the peripheral inner membrane with several thin junctions. Several micrometres long, mitochondria are generally close to 300 nm in diameter, with membrane layers separated by a few tens of nanometres. Ultrastructural data from electron microscopy revealed the structure of these mitochondria, while conventional optical microscopy revealed their extraordinary dynamics through fusion, fission, and migration processes but its limited resolution power restricted the possibility to go further. By overcoming the limits of light diffraction, Super-Resolution Microscopy (SRM) now offers the potential to establish the links between the ultrastructure and remodelling of mitochondrial membranes, leading to major advances in our understanding of mitochondria's structure-function. Here we review the contributions of SRM imaging to our understanding of the relationship between mitochondrial structure and function. What are the hopes for these new imaging approaches which are particularly important for mitochondrial pathologies?
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Teixeira
- Univ. Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, Equipe MITOLAB, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Rémi Galland
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Arnaud Chevrollier
- Univ. Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, Equipe MITOLAB, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France.
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2
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Wang J, Taki M, Ohba Y, Arita M, Yamaguchi S. Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Lipid Heterogeneity in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane with a Super-photostable Environment-Sensitive Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202404328. [PMID: 38804831 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) undergoes dynamic morphological changes, which are crucial for the maintenance of mitochondrial functions as well as cell survival. As the dynamics of the membrane are governed by its lipid components, a fluorescent probe that can sense spatiotemporal alterations in the lipid properties of the IMM over long periods of time is required to understand mitochondrial physiological functions in detail. Herein, we report a red-emissive IMM-labeling reagent with excellent photostability and sensitivity to its environment, which enables the visualization of the IMM ultrastructure using super-resolution microscopy as well as of the lipid heterogeneity based on the fluorescence lifetime at the single mitochondrion level. Combining the probe and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) showed that peroxidation of unsaturated lipids in the IMM by reactive oxygen species caused an increase in the membrane order, which took place prior to mitochondrial swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Wang
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masayasu Taki
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Ohba
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q), Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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3
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Ren W, Ge X, Li M, Sun J, Li S, Gao S, Shan C, Gao B, Xi P. Visualization of cristae and mtDNA interactions via STED nanoscopy using a low saturation power probe. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:116. [PMID: 38782912 PMCID: PMC11116397 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial organelles closely associated with cellular metabolism and function. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes a variety of transcripts and proteins essential for cellular function. However, the interaction between the inner membrane (IM) and mtDNA remains elusive due to the limitations in spatiotemporal resolution offered by conventional microscopy and the absence of suitable in vivo probes specifically targeting the IM. Here, we have developed a novel fluorescence probe called HBmito Crimson, characterized by exceptional photostability, fluorogenicity within lipid membranes, and low saturation power. We successfully achieved over 500 frames of low-power stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED) imaging to visualize the IM dynamics, with a spatial resolution of 40 nm. By utilizing dual-color imaging of the IM and mtDNA, it has been uncovered that mtDNA tends to habitat at mitochondrial tips or branch points, exhibiting an overall spatially uniform distribution. Notably, the dynamics of mitochondria are intricately associated with the positioning of mtDNA, and fusion consistently occurs in close proximity to mtDNA to minimize pressure during cristae remodeling. In healthy cells, >66% of the mitochondria are Class III (i.e., mitochondria >5 μm or with >12 cristae), while it dropped to <18% in ferroptosis. Mitochondrial dynamics, orchestrated by cristae remodeling, foster the even distribution of mtDNA. Conversely, in conditions of apoptosis and ferroptosis where the cristae structure is compromised, mtDNA distribution becomes irregular. These findings, achieved with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution, reveal the intricate interplay between cristae and mtDNA and provide insights into the driving forces behind mtDNA distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xichuan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Meiqi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Shu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunyan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- National Center for Protein Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Baoxiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Peng Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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4
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Chen J, Stephan T, Gaedke F, Liu T, Li Y, Schauss A, Chen P, Wulff V, Jakobs S, Jüngst C, Chen Z. An aldehyde-crosslinking mitochondrial probe for STED imaging in fixed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317703121. [PMID: 38687792 PMCID: PMC11087744 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317703121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence labeling of chemically fixed specimens, especially immunolabeling, plays a vital role in super-resolution imaging as it offers a convenient way to visualize cellular structures like mitochondria or the distribution of biomolecules with high detail. Despite the development of various distinct probes that enable super-resolved stimulated emission depletion (STED) imaging of mitochondria in live cells, most of these membrane-potential-dependent fluorophores cannot be retained well in mitochondria after chemical fixation. This lack of suitable mitochondrial probes has limited STED imaging of mitochondria to live cell samples. In this study, we introduce a mitochondria-specific probe, PK Mito Orange FX (PKMO FX), which features a fixation-driven cross-linking motif and accumulates in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It exhibits high fluorescence retention after chemical fixation and efficient depletion at 775 nm, enabling nanoscopic imaging both before and after aldehyde fixation. We demonstrate the compatibility of this probe with conventional immunolabeling and other strategies commonly used for fluorescence labeling of fixed samples. Moreover, we show that PKMO FX facilitates correlative super-resolution light and electron microscopy, enabling the correlation of multicolor fluorescence images and transmission EM images via the characteristic mitochondrial pattern. Our probe further expands the mitochondrial toolkit for multimodal microscopy at nanometer resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Chen
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Till Stephan
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen37075, Germany
| | - Felix Gaedke
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Tianyan Liu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yiyan Li
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Astrid Schauss
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Peng Chen
- Peking University-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing211800, China
- Genvivo Biotech (PuHaiJingShan), Nanjing211800, China
| | - Veronika Wulff
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen37075, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology Translational, Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy, Göttingen37075, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells”, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37099, Germany
| | - Christian Jüngst
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Zhixing Chen
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking University-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing211800, China
- Genvivo Biotech (PuHaiJingShan), Nanjing211800, China
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5
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Nakagomi H, Murayama N, Takegami R, Fujii K, Kitakado R, Kimura Y, Minoura M, Nakano H, Matano Y. 2-Aryl-3H-1,3-benzazaphosphole Oxides: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer. Chemistry 2024:e202400807. [PMID: 38590165 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Inclusion of a heteroatom to the phosphole ring is a promising strategy to intrinsically modulate the optical properties of phosphole derivatives. We report on a series of 2-aryl-3H-1,3-benzazaphosphole oxides that were efficiently prepared via sequential C-P cross-coupling, dehydrative [3+2] cycloaddition, and ring-oxidation reactions. The inclusion of one nitrogen atom into the benzophosphole framework caused red shifting of the absorption and emission maxima, reflecting the greater stabilization of the LUMO level. 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzazaphosphole oxide underwent excited state intramolecular proton transfer and emitted a weak fluorescence from the excited state of the N-H tautomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Nakagomi
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Nina Murayama
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Rika Takegami
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujii
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Rio Kitakado
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kimura
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Mao Minoura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-8501, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
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6
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Ando R, Shimozono S, Ago H, Takagi M, Sugiyama M, Kurokawa H, Hirano M, Niino Y, Ueno G, Ishidate F, Fujiwara T, Okada Y, Yamamoto M, Miyawaki A. StayGold variants for molecular fusion and membrane-targeting applications. Nat Methods 2024; 21:648-656. [PMID: 38036853 PMCID: PMC11009113 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-02085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Although StayGold is a bright and highly photostable fluorescent protein, its propensity for obligate dimer formation may hinder applications in molecular fusion and membrane targeting. To attain monovalent as well as bright and photostable labeling, we engineered tandem dimers of StayGold to promote dispersibility. On the basis of the crystal structure of this fluorescent protein, we disrupted the dimerization to generate a monomeric variant that offers improved photostability and brightness compared to StayGold. We applied the new monovalent StayGold tools to live-cell imaging experiments using spinning-disk laser-scanning confocal microscopy or structured illumination microscopy. We achieved cell-wide, high-spatiotemporal resolution and sustained imaging of dynamic subcellular events, including the targeting of endogenous condensin I to mitotic chromosomes, the movement of the Golgi apparatus and its membranous derivatives along microtubule networks, the distribution of cortical filamentous actin and the remolding of cristae membranes within mobile mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Ando
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-city, Japan
- Biotechnological Optics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako-city, Japan
- Department of Optical Biomedical Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimozono
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-city, Japan
| | - Hideo Ago
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Saitama, Japan
| | - Mayu Sugiyama
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-city, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurokawa
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-city, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hirano
- Biotechnological Optics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako-city, Japan
| | - Yusuke Niino
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-city, Japan
| | - Go Ueno
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Ishidate
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fujiwara
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity Regulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology, Department of Physics, UBI and WPI-IRCN, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamamoto
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-city, Japan.
- Biotechnological Optics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako-city, Japan.
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Analysis, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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7
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Wang C, Østergaard L, Hasselholt S, Sporring J. A semi-automatic method for extracting mitochondrial cristae characteristics from 3D focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy data. Commun Biol 2024; 7:377. [PMID: 38548849 PMCID: PMC10978844 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main suppliers of energy for cells and their bioenergetic function is regulated by mitochondrial dynamics: the constant changes in mitochondria size, shape, and cristae morphology to secure cell homeostasis. Although changes in mitochondrial function are implicated in a wide range of diseases, our understanding is challenged by a lack of reliable ways to extract spatial features from the cristae, the detailed visualization of which requires electron microscopy (EM). Here, we present a semi-automatic method for the segmentation, 3D reconstruction, and shape analysis of mitochondria, cristae, and intracristal spaces based on 2D EM images of the murine hippocampus. We show that our method provides a more accurate characterization of mitochondrial ultrastructure in 3D than common 2D approaches and propose an operational index of mitochondria's internal organization. With an improved consistency of 3D shape analysis and a decrease in the workload needed for large-scale analysis, we speculate that this tool will help increase our understanding of mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Center for Quantification of Imaging Data from MAX IV, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stine Hasselholt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jon Sporring
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Center for Quantification of Imaging Data from MAX IV, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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8
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Smith HE, Mackenzie AM, Seddon C, Mould R, Kalampouka I, Malakar P, Needham SR, Beis K, Bell JD, Nunn A, Botchway SW. The use of NADH anisotropy to investigate mitochondrial cristae alignment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5980. [PMID: 38472304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Life may be expressed as the flow of electrons, protons, and other ions, resulting in large potential difference. It is also highly photo-sensitive, as a large proportion of the redox capable molecules it relies on are chromophoric. It is thus suggestive that a key organelle in eukaryotes, the mitochondrion, constantly adapt their morphology as part of the homeostatic process. Studying unstained in vivo nano-scale structure in live cells is technically very challenging. One option is to study a central electron carrier in metabolism, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), which is fluorescent and mostly located within mitochondria. Using one and two-photon absorption (340-360 nm and 730 nm, respectively), fluorescence lifetime imaging and anisotropy spectroscopy of NADH in solution and in live cells, we show that mitochondria do indeed appear to be aligned and exhibit high anisotropy (asymmetric directionality). Aqueous solution of NADH showed an anisotropy of ~ 0.20 compared to fluorescein or coumarin of < 0.1 and 0.04 in water respectively and as expected for small organic molecules. The anisotropy of NADH also increased further to 0.30 in the presence of proteins and 0.42 in glycerol (restricted environment) following two-photon excitation, suggesting more ordered structures. Two-photon NADH fluorescence imaging of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) also showed strong anisotropy of 0.25 to 0.45. NADH has a quantum yield of fluorescence of 2% compared to more than 40% for photoionisation (electron generation), when exposed to light at 360 nm and below. The consequence of such highly ordered and directional NADH patterns with respect to electron ejection upon ultra-violet (UV) excitation could be very informative-especially in relation to ascertaining the extent of quantum effects in biology, including electron and photonic cascade, communication and modulation of effects such as spin and tunnelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly E Smith
- UKRI, STFC, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Alasdair M Mackenzie
- UKRI, STFC, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Chloe Seddon
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Rhys Mould
- School of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Ifi Kalampouka
- School of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Partha Malakar
- UKRI, STFC, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Sarah R Needham
- UKRI, STFC, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Konstantinos Beis
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Jimmy D Bell
- School of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Alistair Nunn
- School of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Stanley W Botchway
- UKRI, STFC, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK.
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9
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Reja SI, Minoshima M, Hori Y, Kikuchi K. Recent advancements of fluorescent biosensors using semisynthetic probes. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 247:115862. [PMID: 38147718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent biosensors are crucial experimental tools for live-cell imaging and the quantification of different biological analytes. Fluorescent protein (FP)-based biosensors are widely used for imaging applications in living systems. However, the use of FP-based biosensors is hindered by their large size, poor photostability, and laborious genetic manipulations required to improve their properties. Recently, semisynthetic fluorescent biosensors have been developed to address the limitations of FP-based biosensors using chemically modified fluorescent probes and self-labeling protein tag/peptide tags or DNA/RNA-based hybrid systems. Semisynthetic biosensors have unique advantages, as they can be easily modified using different probes. Moreover, the self-labeling protein tag, which labels synthetically developed ligands via covalent bonds, has immense potential for biosensor development. This review discusses the recent progress in different types of fluorescent biosensors for metabolites, protein aggregation and degradation, DNA methylation, endocytosis and exocytosis, membrane tension, and cellular viscosity. Here, we explain in detail the design strategy and working principle of these biosensors. The information presented will help the reader to create new biosensors using self-labeling protein tags for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahi Imam Reja
- Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masafumi Minoshima
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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10
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Gao X, Cai S, Wang L, Guo Y, Liu L, Weng X, Huang K, Yan W, Qu J. Rhodamine-based fluorescent probe for dynamic STED imaging of mitochondria. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1595-1604. [PMID: 38495704 PMCID: PMC10942718 DOI: 10.1364/boe.507770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy holds tremendous potential and practical implications in the field of biomedicine. However, the weak anti-bleaching performance remains a major challenge limiting the application of STED fluorescent probes. Meanwhile, the main excitation wavelengths of most reported STED fluorescent probes were below 500 nm or above 600 nm, and few of them were between 500-600 nm. Herein, we developed a new tetraphenyl ethylene-functionalized rhodamine dye (TPERh) for mitochondrial dynamic cristae imaging that was rhodamine-based with an excitation wavelength of 560 nm. The TPERh probe exhibits excellent anti-bleaching properties and low saturating stimulated radiation power in mitochondrial STED super-resolution imaging. Given these outstanding properties, the TPERh probe was used to measure mitochondrial deformation, which has positive implications for the study of mitochondria-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Songtao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Luwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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11
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Liang J, Han J, Zhuang Y, Chen G, Li Y. Mitochondria-Associated Transcriptome Profiling via Localizable Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizers in Live Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:419-427. [PMID: 38264802 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been increasing interest in studying mitochondria through transcriptomic research. Various exogenous fusion protein-based proximity labeling methods have been reported that focus on the site of one particular protein/peptide and might also influence the corresponding localization or interactome. To enable unbiased and high spatial-resolution profiling of mitochondria-associated transcriptomes in live cells, a flexible RNA proximity labeling approach was developed using aggregation-induced emission (AIE) type photosensitizers (PSs) that possess great mitochondria-targeting capabilities. Their accumulation in an enclosed mitochondrial environment tends to enhance the fluorescence emission and reactive oxygen species generation. By comparing the in vitro optical properties, photosensitization processes, as well as the in cellulo mitochondrial specificity and RNA labeling performance of four AIE PSs, high-throughput sequencing analysis was conducted using TFPy-mediated RNA proximity labeling in live HeLa cells. This approach successfully captured a comprehensive list of transcripts, including mitochondria-encoded RNAs, as well as some nuclear-derived RNAs located at the outer mitochondrial membrane and interacting organelles. This small molecule-based proximity labeling method bypasses complex genetic manipulation and transfection steps, making it readily applicable for diverse research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jinghua Han
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - GuanHua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
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12
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Golombek M, Tsigaras T, Schaumkessel Y, Hänsch S, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Anand R, Reichert AS, Kondadi AK. Cristae dynamics is modulated in bioenergetically compromised mitochondria. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302386. [PMID: 37957016 PMCID: PMC10643176 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cristae membranes have been recently shown to undergo intramitochondrial merging and splitting events. Yet, the metabolic and bioenergetic factors regulating them are unclear. Here, we investigated whether and how cristae morphology and dynamics are dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes, the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and the ADP/ATP nucleotide translocator. Advanced live-cell STED nanoscopy combined with in-depth quantification were employed to analyse cristae morphology and dynamics after treatment of mammalian cells with rotenone, antimycin A, oligomycin A, and CCCP. This led to formation of enlarged mitochondria along with reduced cristae density but did not impair cristae dynamics. CCCP treatment leading to ΔΨm abrogation even enhanced cristae dynamics showing its ΔΨm-independent nature. Inhibition of OXPHOS complexes was accompanied by reduced ATP levels but did not affect cristae dynamics. However, inhibition of ADP/ATP exchange led to aberrant cristae morphology and impaired cristae dynamics in a mitochondrial subset. In sum, we provide quantitative data of cristae membrane remodelling under different conditions supporting an important interplay between OXPHOS, metabolite exchange, and cristae membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Golombek
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thanos Tsigaras
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yulia Schaumkessel
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hänsch
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Center for Advanced Imaging, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Weidtkamp-Peters
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Center for Advanced Imaging, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Wang Q, Li Z, Zhang S, Chi N, Dai Q. A versatile Wavelet-Enhanced CNN-Transformer for improved fluorescence microscopy image restoration. Neural Netw 2024; 170:227-241. [PMID: 37992510 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopes are indispensable tools for the life science research community. Nevertheless, the presence of optical component limitations, coupled with the maximum photon budget that the specimen can tolerate, inevitably leads to a decline in imaging quality and a lack of useful signals. Therefore, image restoration becomes essential for ensuring high-quality and accurate analyses. This paper presents the Wavelet-Enhanced Convolutional-Transformer (WECT), a novel deep learning technique developed specifically for the purpose of reducing noise in microscopy images and attaining super-resolution. Unlike traditional approaches, WECT integrates wavelet transform and inverse-transform for multi-resolution image decomposition and reconstruction, resulting in an expanded receptive field for the network without compromising information integrity. Subsequently, multiple consecutive parallel CNN-Transformer modules are utilized to collaboratively model local and global dependencies, thus facilitating the extraction of more comprehensive and diversified deep features. In addition, the incorporation of generative adversarial networks (GANs) into WECT enhances its capacity to generate high perceptual quality microscopic images. Extensive experiments have demonstrated that the WECT framework outperforms current state-of-the-art restoration methods on real fluorescence microscopy data under various imaging modalities and conditions, in terms of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Ziwei Li
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai ERC of LEO Satellite Communication and Applications, Shanghai CIC of LEO Satellite Communication Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Pujiang Laboratory, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Nan Chi
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai ERC of LEO Satellite Communication and Applications, Shanghai CIC of LEO Satellite Communication Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Low-Earth-Orbit Satellite Communication Technology, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Qionghai Dai
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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14
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Nesterov SV, Plokhikh KS, Chesnokov YM, Mustafin DA, Goleva TN, Rogov AG, Vasilov RG, Yaguzhinsky LS. Safari with an Electron Gun: Visualization of Protein and Membrane Interactions in Mitochondria in Natural Environment. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:257-268. [PMID: 38622094 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents new structural data about mitochondria using correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) and cryo-electron tomography. These state-of-the-art structural biology methods allow studying biological objects at nanometer scales under natural conditions. Non-invasiveness of these methods makes them comparable to observing animals in their natural environment on a safari. The paper highlights two areas of research that can only be accomplished using these methods. The study visualized location of the Aβ42 amyloid aggregates in relation to mitochondria to test a hypothesis of development of mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that the Aβ42 aggregates do not interact with mitochondria, although some of them are closely located. Therefore, the study demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is not directly associated with the effects of aggregates on mitochondrial structure. Other processes should be considered as sources of mitochondrial dysfunction. Second unique area presented in this work is high-resolution visualization of the mitochondrial membranes and proteins in them. Analysis of the cryo-ET data reveals toroidal holes in the lamellar structures of cardiac mitochondrial cristae, where ATP synthases are located. The study proposes a new mechanism for sorting and clustering protein complexes in the membrane based on topology. According to this suggestion, position of the OXPHOS system proteins in the membrane is determined by its curvature. High-resolution tomography expands and complements existing ideas about the structural and functional organization of mitochondria. This makes it possible to study the previously inaccessible structural interactions of proteins with each other and with membranes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen V Nesterov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia.
| | | | - Yuriy M Chesnokov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Denis A Mustafin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Tatyana N Goleva
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Anton G Rogov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Raif G Vasilov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Lev S Yaguzhinsky
- Belozersky Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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15
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Wang DX, Liu B, Han GM, Li Q, Kong DM, Enderlein J, Chen T. Metal-Induced Energy Transfer (MIET) Imaging of Cell Surface Engineering with Multivalent DNA Nanobrushes. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38231016 PMCID: PMC10883130 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The spacing between cells has a significant impact on cell-cell interactions, which are critical to the fate and function of both individual cells and multicellular organisms. However, accurately measuring the distance between cell membranes and the variations between different membranes has proven to be a challenging task. In this study, we employ metal-induced energy transfer (MIET) imaging/spectroscopy to determine and track the intermembrane distance and variations with nanometer precision. We have developed a DNA-based molecular adhesive called the DNA nanobrush, which serves as a cellular adhesive for connecting the plasma membranes of different cells. By manipulating the number of base pairs within the DNA nanobrush, we can modify various aspects of membrane-membrane interactions such as adhesive directionality, distance, and forces. We demonstrate that such nanometer-level changes can be detected with MIET imaging/spectroscopy. Moreover, we successfully employed MIET to measure distance variations between a cellular plasma membrane and a model membrane. This experiment not only showcases the effectiveness of MIET as a powerful tool for accurately quantifying membrane-membrane interactions but also validates the potential of DNA nanobrushes as cellular adhesives. This innovative method holds significant implications for advancing the study of multicellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Mei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qingnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jörg Enderlein
- III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Tao Chen
- III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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16
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Chan SJW, Zhu JY, Mia Soh WW, Bazan GC. Real-Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Damage Using Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:660-667. [PMID: 38131111 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) comprise a class of fluorescent reporters with tunable optical properties and lipid bilayer affinity. These molecules have proven effective in a range of bioimaging applications; however, their use in characterizing specific subcellular structures remains restricted. Such capabilities would broaden COE applications to understand cellular dysfunction, cell communication, and the targets of different pharmaceutical agents. Here, we disclose a novel COE derivative, COE-CN, which enables the visualization of mitochondria, including morphological changes and lysosomal fusion upon treatment with depolarizing agents. COE-CN is characterized by the presence of imidazolium solubilizing groups and an optically active cyanovinyl-linked distyrylbenzene core with intramolecular charge-transfer characteristics. Our current understanding is that the relatively shorter molecular length of COE-CN leads to weaker binding within lipid bilayer membranes, which allows sampling of internal cellular structures and ultimately to different localization relative to elongated COEs. As a means of practical demonstration, COE-CN can be used to diagnose cells with damaged mitochondria via flow cytometry. Coupled with an elongated COE that does not translocate upon depolarization, changes in ratiometric fluorescence intensity can be used to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, demonstrating the potential for use in diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J W Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ji-Yu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wee Mia Soh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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17
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Zheng S, Dadina N, Mozumdar D, Lesiak L, Martinez KN, Miller EW, Schepartz A. Long-term super-resolution inner mitochondrial membrane imaging with a lipid probe. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:83-92. [PMID: 37857992 PMCID: PMC10746544 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) generates power to drive cell function, and its dynamics control mitochondrial health and cellular homeostasis. Here, we describe the cell-permeant, lipid-like small molecule MAO-N3 and use it to assemble high-density environmentally sensitive (HIDE) probes that selectively label and image the IMM in live cells and multiple cell states. MAO-N3 pairs with strain-promoted azide-alkyne click chemistry-reactive fluorophores to support HIDE imaging using confocal, structured illumination, single-molecule localization and stimulated emission depletion microscopy, all with significantly improved resistance to photobleaching. These probes generate images with excellent spatial and temporal resolution, require no genetic manipulations, are non-toxic in model cell lines and primary cardiomyocytes (even under conditions that amplify the effects of mitochondrial toxins) and can visualize mitochondrial dynamics for 12.5 h. This probe will enable comprehensive studies of IMM dynamics with high temporal and spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Neville Dadina
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Deepto Mozumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauren Lesiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kayli N Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Evan W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alanna Schepartz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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18
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Peifer-Weiß L, Kurban M, David C, Lubeck M, Kondadi AK, Nemer G, Reichert AS, Anand R. A X-linked nonsense APOO/MIC26 variant causes a lethal mitochondrial disease with progeria-like phenotypes. Clin Genet 2023; 104:659-668. [PMID: 37649161 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
APOO/MIC26 is a subunit of the MICOS complex required for mitochondrial cristae morphology and function. Here, we report a novel variant of the APOO/MIC26 gene that causes a severe mitochondrial disease with overall progeria-like phenotypes in two patients. Both patients developed partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, bilateral congenital cataract, hypothyroidism, and severe immune deficiencies. The patients died at an early age of 12 or 18 months. Exome sequencing revealed a mutation (NM_024122.5): c.532G>T (p.E178*) in the APOO/MIC26 gene that causes a nonsense mutation leading to the loss of 20 C-terminal amino acids. This mutation resulted in a highly unstable and degradation prone MIC26 protein, yet the remaining minute amounts of mutant MIC26 correctly localized to mitochondria and interacted physically with other MICOS subunits. MIC26 KO cells expressing MIC26 harboring the respective APOO/MIC26 mutation showed mitochondria with perturbed cristae architecture and fragmented morphology resembling MIC26 KO cells. We conclude that the novel mutation found in the APOO/MIC26 gene is a loss-of-function mutation impairing mitochondrial morphology and cristae morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Peifer-Weiß
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Céline David
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melissa Lubeck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georges Nemer
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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19
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Liu G, Zheng H, Zhou R, Li H, Dai J, Wei J, Li D, Meng X, Wang C, Lu G. Ultrabright organic fluorescent probe for quantifying the dynamics of cytosolic/nuclear lipid droplets. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115707. [PMID: 37783066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are extremely active organelles that play a crucial role in energy metabolism, membrane formation, and the production of lipid-derived signaling molecules by regulating lipid storage and release. Nevertheless, directly limited by the lack of superior fluorescent probes, studies of LDs dynamic motion velocity have been rarely reported, especially for nuclear LDs. Herein, a novel organic fluorescent probe Lipi-Bright has been rationally developed based on bridged cyclization of distyrylbenzene. The fully ring-fused molecule structure endows the probe with high photostability. Moreover, this new fluorescent probe displays the features of excellent LDs staining specificity as well as ultrahigh fluorescence brightness. Lipi-Bright labeled LDs was dozens of times brighter than representative probes BODIPY 493/503 or Nile Red. Consequently, by in-situ time-lapse fluorescence imaging, the dynamics of LDs have been quantitatively studied. For instance, the velocities of cytosolic LDs (37 ± 15 nm/s) are found to be obviously faster than those of nuclear LDs (24 ± 4 nm/s), and both the cytosolic LDs and the nuclear LDs would be moved faster or slower depend on the various stimulations. Overall, this work providing plentiful information on LDs dynamics will greatly facilitate the in-depth investigation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Huanlong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ri Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Huaiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jianan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Di Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xing Meng
- School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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20
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Inai N, Yamaguchi S, Yanai T. Theoretical Insight into the Effect of Phosphorus Oxygenation on Nonradiative Decays: Comparative Analysis of P-Bridged Stilbene Analogs. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2023; 3:540-552. [PMID: 38034034 PMCID: PMC10683489 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of the phosphorus element into a π-conjugated skeleton offers valuable prospects for adjusting the electronic structure of the resulting functional π-electron systems. Trivalent phosphorus has the potential to decrease the LUMO level through σ*-π* interaction, which is further enhanced by its oxygenation to the pentavalent P center. This study shows that utilizing our computational analysis to examine excited-state dynamics based on radiative/nonradiative rate constants and fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) is effective for analyzing the photophysical properties of P-containing organic dyes. We theoretically investigate how the trivalent phosphanyl group and pentavalent phosphine oxide moieties affect radiative and nonradiative decay processes. We evaluate four variations of P-bridged stilbene analogs. Our analysis reveals that the primary decay pathway for photoexcited bis-phosphanyl-bridged stilbene is the intersystem crossing (ISC) to the triplet state and nonradiative. The oxidation of the phosphine moiety, however, suppresses the ISC due to the relative destabilization of the triplet states. The calculated rate constants match an increase in experimental ΦF from 0.07 to 0.98, as simulated from 0.23 to 0.94. The reduced HOMO-LUMO gap supports a red shift in the fluorescence spectra relative to the phosphine analog. The thiophene-fused variant with the nonoxidized trivalent P center exhibits intense emission with a high ΦF, 0.95. Our prediction indicates that the ISC transfer is obstructed owing to the relatively destabilized triplet state induced by the thiophene substitution. Conversely, the thiophene-fused analog with the phosphine oxide moieties triggers a high-rate internal conversion mediated by conical intersection, leading to a decreased ΦF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Inai
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho,
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium
on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules, (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho,
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium
on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules, (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho,
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
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21
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Loriette V, Fragola A, Kruglik SG, Sridhar S, Hubert A, Orieux F, Sepulveda E, Sureau F, Bonneau S. Dynamics of mitochondrial membranes under photo-oxidative stress with high spatiotemporal resolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1307502. [PMID: 38046667 PMCID: PMC10691360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1307502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In our study, we harnessed an original Enhanced Speed Structured Illumination Microscopy (Fast-SIM) imaging setup to explore the dynamics of mitochondrial and inner membrane ultrastructure under specific photo-oxidation stress induced by Chlorin-e6 and light irradiation. Notably, our Fast-SIM system allowed us to observe and quantify a distinct remodeling and shortening of the mitochondrial structure after 60-80 s of irradiation. These changes were accompanied by fusion events of adjacent inner membrane cristae and global swelling of the organelle. Preceding these alterations, a larger sequence was characterized by heightened dynamics within the mitochondrial network, featuring events such as mitochondrial fission, rapid formation of tubular prolongations, and fluctuations in cristae structure. Our findings provide compelling evidence that, among enhanced-resolution microscopy techniques, Fast-SIM emerges as the most suitable approach for non-invasive dynamic studies of mitochondrial structure in living cells. For the first time, this approach allows quantitative and qualitative characterization of successive steps in the photo-induced oxidation process with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Loriette
- ESPCI, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et D’Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Fragola
- ESPCI, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et D’Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), Paris, France
| | - Sergei G. Kruglik
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Paris, France
| | - Susmita Sridhar
- ESPCI, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et D’Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Paris, France
| | - Antoine Hubert
- ESPCI, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et D’Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Paris, France
| | - François Orieux
- Centrale Supelec, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes (L2S), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eduardo Sepulveda
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire de physique nucléaire et de hautes énergies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - Franck Sureau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Bonneau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Paris, France
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22
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Duan X, Zhang M, Zhang YH. Organic fluorescent probes for live-cell super-resolution imaging. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:34. [PMID: 37946039 PMCID: PMC10635970 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of super-resolution technology has made it possible to investigate the ultrastructure of intracellular organelles by fluorescence microscopy, which has greatly facilitated the development of life sciences and biomedicine. To realize super-resolution imaging of living cells, both advanced imaging systems and excellent fluorescent probes are required. Traditional fluorescent probes have good availability, but that is not the case for probes for live-cell super-resolution imaging. In this review, we first introduce the principles of various super-resolution technologies and their probe requirements, then summarize the existing designs and delivery strategies of super-resolution probes for live-cell imaging, and finally provide a brief conclusion and overview of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Duan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yu-Hui Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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23
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Sun J, Ge X, Jin B, Li S, Hou Y, Zhong S, Yang Z, Xi P, Li M, Gao B. Super-resolution imaging of mitochondrial cristae using a more hydrophobic far-red Si-rhodamine probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13038-13041. [PMID: 37843422 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04696f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial probe SiRPFA was synthesized by attaching a long perfluoroalkyl chain on Si-rhodamine cationic dye. High lipophilicity endowed SiRPFA with mitochondrial membrane potential independent properties. Under stimulated emission depletion microscopy, SiRPFA clearly revealed changes in mitochondrial cristae morphology during autophagy induced by starvation or apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Xichuan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Boya Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Centre, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Yiwei Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Centre, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Suyi Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Centre, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zikang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Peng Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Centre, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Meiqi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Baoxiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
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24
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Samanta S, Lai K, Wu F, Liu Y, Cai S, Yang X, Qu J, Yang Z. Xanthene, cyanine, oxazine and BODIPY: the four pillars of the fluorophore empire for super-resolution bioimaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7197-7261. [PMID: 37743716 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00905f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In the realm of biological research, the invention of super-resolution microscopy (SRM) has enabled the visualization of ultrafine sub-cellular structures and their functions in live cells at the nano-scale level, beyond the diffraction limit, which has opened up a new window for advanced biomedical studies to unravel the complex unknown details of physiological disorders at the sub-cellular level with unprecedented resolution and clarity. However, most of the SRM techniques are highly reliant on the personalized special photophysical features of the fluorophores. In recent times, there has been an unprecedented surge in the development of robust new fluorophore systems with personalized features for various super-resolution imaging techniques. To date, xanthene, cyanine, oxazine and BODIPY cores have been authoritatively utilized as the basic fluorophore units in most of the small-molecule-based organic fluorescent probe designing strategies for SRM owing to their excellent photophysical characteristics and easy synthetic acquiescence. Since the future of next-generation SRM studies will be decided by the availability of advanced fluorescent probes and these four fluorescent building blocks will play an important role in progressive new fluorophore design, there is an urgent need to review the recent advancements in designing fluorophores for different SRM methods based on these fluorescent dye cores. This review article not only includes a comprehensive discussion about the recent developments in designing fluorescent probes for various SRM techniques based on these four important fluorophore building blocks with special emphasis on their effective integration into live cell super-resolution bio-imaging applications but also critically evaluates the background of each of the fluorescent dye cores to highlight their merits and demerits towards developing newer fluorescent probes for SRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Samanta
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Kaitao Lai
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Feihu Wu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Songtao Cai
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Xusan Yang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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25
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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Holendová B, Engstová H, Dlasková A. Mitochondrial Cristae Morphology Reflecting Metabolism, Superoxide Formation, Redox Homeostasis, and Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:635-683. [PMID: 36793196 PMCID: PMC10615093 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondrial (mt) reticulum network in the cell possesses amazing ultramorphology of parallel lamellar cristae, formed by the invaginated inner mitochondrial membrane. Its non-invaginated part, the inner boundary membrane (IBM) forms a cylindrical sandwich with the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Crista membranes (CMs) meet IBM at crista junctions (CJs) of mt cristae organizing system (MICOS) complexes connected to OMM sorting and assembly machinery (SAM). Cristae dimensions, shape, and CJs have characteristic patterns for different metabolic regimes, physiological and pathological situations. Recent Advances: Cristae-shaping proteins were characterized, namely rows of ATP-synthase dimers forming the crista lamella edges, MICOS subunits, optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) isoforms and mitochondrial genome maintenance 1 (MGM1) filaments, prohibitins, and others. Detailed cristae ultramorphology changes were imaged by focused-ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. Dynamics of crista lamellae and mobile CJs were demonstrated by nanoscopy in living cells. With tBID-induced apoptosis a single entirely fused cristae reticulum was observed in a mitochondrial spheroid. Critical Issues: The mobility and composition of MICOS, OPA1, and ATP-synthase dimeric rows regulated by post-translational modifications might be exclusively responsible for cristae morphology changes, but ion fluxes across CM and resulting osmotic forces might be also involved. Inevitably, cristae ultramorphology should reflect also mitochondrial redox homeostasis, but details are unknown. Disordered cristae typically reflect higher superoxide formation. Future Directions: To link redox homeostasis to cristae ultramorphology and define markers, recent progress will help in uncovering mechanisms involved in proton-coupled electron transfer via the respiratory chain and in regulation of cristae architecture, leading to structural determination of superoxide formation sites and cristae ultramorphology changes in diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 635-683.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Engstová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dlasková
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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26
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Kessler LF, Balakrishnan A, Deußner-Helfmann NS, Li Y, Mantel M, Glogger M, Barth HD, Dietz MS, Heilemann M. Self-quenched Fluorophore Dimers for DNA-PAINT and STED Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307538. [PMID: 37581373 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution techniques like single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy have been extended by the use of non-covalent, weak affinity-based transient labelling systems. DNA-based hybrid systems are a prominent example among these transient labelling systems, offering excellent opportunities for multi-target fluorescence imaging. However, these techniques suffer from higher background relative to covalently bound fluorophores, originating from unbound fluorophore-labelled single-stranded oligonucleotides. Here, we introduce short-distance self-quenching in fluorophore dimers as an efficient mechanism to reduce background fluorescence signal, while at the same time increasing the photon budget in the bound state by almost 2-fold. We characterise the optical and thermodynamic properties of fluorophore-dimer single-stranded DNA, and show super-resolution imaging applications with STED and SMLM with increased spatial resolution and reduced background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurell F Kessler
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ashwin Balakrishnan
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina S Deußner-Helfmann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yunqing Li
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maximilian Mantel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marius Glogger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Barth
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marina S Dietz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mike Heilemann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
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27
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Ng EL, Reed AL, O'Connell CB, Alder NN. Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models. J Vis Exp 2023:10.3791/65561. [PMID: 37458423 PMCID: PMC11067429 DOI: 10.3791/65561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play many essential roles in the cell, including energy production, regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, lipid biosynthesis, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These mitochondria-mediated processes take on specialized roles in neurons, coordinating aerobic metabolism to meet the high energy demands of these cells, modulating Ca2+ signaling, providing lipids for axon growth and regeneration, and tuning ROS production for neuronal development and function. Mitochondrial dysfunction is therefore a central driver in neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial structure and function are inextricably linked. The morphologically complex inner membrane with structural infolds called cristae harbors many molecular systems that perform the signature processes of the mitochondrion. The architectural features of the inner membrane are ultrastructural and therefore, too small to be visualized by traditional diffraction-limited resolved microscopy. Thus, most insights on mitochondrial ultrastructure have come from electron microscopy on fixed samples. However, emerging technologies in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy now provide resolution down to tens of nanometers, allowing visualization of ultrastructural features in live cells. Super-resolution imaging therefore offers an unprecedented ability to directly image fine details of mitochondrial structure, nanoscale protein distributions, and cristae dynamics, providing fundamental new insights that link mitochondria to human health and disease. This protocol presents the use of stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution microscopy to visualize the mitochondrial ultrastructure of live human neuroblastoma cells and primary rat neurons. This procedure is organized into five sections: (1) growth and differentiation of the SH-SY5Y cell line, (2) isolation, plating, and growth of primary rat hippocampal neurons, (3) procedures for staining cells for live STED imaging, (4) procedures for live cell STED experiments using a STED microscope for reference, and (5) guidance for segmentation and image processing using examples to measure and quantify morphological features of the inner membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emery L Ng
- Center for Open Research Resources and Equipment, University of Connecticut
| | - Ashley L Reed
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut
| | | | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut;
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28
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Chen YI, Chang YJ, Sun Y, Liao SC, Santacruz SR, Yeh HC. Spatial resolution enhancement in photon-starved STED imaging using deep learning-based fluorescence lifetime analysis. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:9449-9456. [PMID: 37159237 PMCID: PMC10460507 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00305a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
As a super-resolution imaging method, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy has unraveled fine intracellular structures and provided insights into nanoscale organizations in cells. Although image resolution can be further enhanced by continuously increasing the STED-beam power, the resulting photodamage and phototoxicity are major issues for real-world applications of STED microscopy. Here we demonstrate that, with 50% less STED-beam power, the STED image resolution can be improved up to 1.45-fold using the separation of photons by a lifetime tuning (SPLIT) scheme combined with a deep learning-based phasor analysis algorithm termed flimGANE (fluorescence lifetime imaging based on a generative adversarial network). This work offers a new approach for STED imaging in situations where only a limited photon budget is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-I Chen
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Yin-Jui Chang
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Yuansheng Sun
- ISS, Inc., 1602 Newton Drive, Champaign, IL, 61822, USA
| | - Shih-Chu Liao
- ISS, Inc., 1602 Newton Drive, Champaign, IL, 61822, USA
| | - Samantha R Santacruz
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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29
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Wang Y, Wang P, Li C. Fluorescence microscopic platforms imaging mitochondrial abnormalities in neurodegenerative diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114841. [PMID: 37088402 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are progressive disorders that cause the degeneration of neurons. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common symptom in NDs and plays a crucial role in neuronal loss. Mitochondrial abnormalities can be observed in the early stages of NDs and evolve throughout disease progression. Visualizing mitochondrial abnormalities can help understand ND progression and develop new therapeutic strategies. Fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for dynamically imaging mitochondria due to its high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution. This review discusses the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and ND progression, potential biomarkers for imaging dysfunctional mitochondria, advances in fluorescence microscopy for detecting organelles, the performance of fluorescence probes in visualizing ND-associated mitochondria, and the challenges and opportunities for developing new generations of fluorescence imaging platforms for monitoring mitochondria in NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University Shanghai 201203, China.
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30
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Zhang J, Shi H, Huang C, Mei L, Guo Q, Cheng K, Wu P, Su D, Chen Q, Gan S, Wing Chan CK, Shi J, Chen JL, Jonathan Choi CH, Yao SQ, Chen XK, Tang BZ, He J, Sun H. De Novo Designed Self-Assembling Rhodamine Probe for Real-Time, Long-Term and Quantitative Live-Cell Nanoscopy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3632-3644. [PMID: 36744992 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution imaging provides a powerful approach to image dynamic biomolecule events at nanoscale resolution. An ingenious method involving tuning intramolecular spirocyclization in rhodamine offers an appealing strategy to design cell-permeable fluorogenic probes for super-resolution imaging. Nevertheless, precise control of rhodamine spirocyclization presents a significant challenge. Through detailed study of the structure-activity relationship, we identified that multiple key factors control rhodamime spirocyclization. The findings provide opportunities to create fluorogenic probes with tailored properties. On the basis of our findings, we constructed self-assembling rhodamine probes for no-wash live-cell confocal and super-resolution imaging. The designed self-assembling probe Rho-2CF3 specifically labeled its target proteins and displayed high ring-opening ability, fast labeling kinetics (<1 min), and large turn-on fold (>80 folds), which is very difficult to be realized by the existing methods. Using the probe, we achieved high-contrast super-resolution imaging of nuclei and mitochondria with a spatial resolution of up to 42 nm. The probe also showed excellent photostability and proved ideal for real-time and long-term tracking of mitochondrial fission and fusion events with high spatiotemporal resolution. Furthermore, Rho-2CF3 could resolve the ultrastructure of mitochondrial cristae and quantify their morphological changes under drug treatment at nanoscale. Our strategy thus demonstrates its usefulness in designing self-assembling probes for super-resolution imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Heng Shi
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510530, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Le Mei
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Good Shepherd Street, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pingzhou Wu
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dan Su
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qingxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shenglong Gan
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Cecilia Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jian Lin Chen
- Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Good Shepherd Street, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xian-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jufang He
- Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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31
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Bulthuis EP, Dieteren CEJ, Bergmans J, Berkhout J, Wagenaars JA, van de Westerlo EMA, Podhumljak E, Hink MA, Hesp LFB, Rosa HS, Malik AN, Lindert MKT, Willems PHGM, Gardeniers HJGE, den Otter WK, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Koopman WJH. Stress-dependent macromolecular crowding in the mitochondrial matrix. EMBO J 2023; 42:e108533. [PMID: 36825437 PMCID: PMC10068333 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Macromolecules of various sizes induce crowding of the cellular environment. This crowding impacts on biochemical reactions by increasing solvent viscosity, decreasing the water-accessible volume and altering protein shape, function, and interactions. Although mitochondria represent highly protein-rich organelles, most of these proteins are somehow immobilized. Therefore, whether the mitochondrial matrix solvent exhibits macromolecular crowding is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that fluorescent protein fusion peptides (AcGFP1 concatemers) in the mitochondrial matrix of HeLa cells display an elongated molecular structure and that their diffusion constant decreases with increasing molecular weight in a manner typical of macromolecular crowding. Chloramphenicol (CAP) treatment impaired mitochondrial function and reduced the number of cristae without triggering mitochondrial orthodox-to-condensed transition or a mitochondrial unfolded protein response. CAP-treated cells displayed progressive concatemer immobilization with increasing molecular weight and an eightfold matrix viscosity increase, compatible with increased macromolecular crowding. These results establish that the matrix solvent exhibits macromolecular crowding in functional and dysfunctional mitochondria. Therefore, changes in matrix crowding likely affect matrix biochemical reactions in a manner depending on the molecular weight of the involved crowders and reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elianne P Bulthuis
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy E J Dieteren
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy Center, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper Bergmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Job Berkhout
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jori A Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Els M A van de Westerlo
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emina Podhumljak
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A Hink
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura F B Hesp
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hannah S Rosa
- Department of Diabetes, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Afshan N Malik
- Department of Diabetes, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mariska Kea-Te Lindert
- Department of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy Center, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Han J G E Gardeniers
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter K den Otter
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Thermal and Fluid Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Merel J W Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Zhang Y, Yang C, Peng S, Ling J, Chen P, Ma Y, Wang W, Chen Z, Chen C. General Strategy To Improve the Photon Budget of Thiol-Conjugated Cyanine Dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4187-4198. [PMID: 36756850 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Maleimide-cysteine chemistry has been a routine practice for the site-specific labeling of fluorophores to proteins since the 1950s. This approach, however, cannot bring out the best photon budget of fluorophores. Here, we systematically measured the Cyanine3/5 dye conjugates via maleimide-thiol and amide linkages by counting the total emitted photons at the single-molecule level. While brightness and signal-to-noise ratios do not change significantly, dyes with thioether linkages exhibit more severe photobleaching than amide linkers. We then screened modern arylation-type bioconjugation strategies to alleviate this damage. Labeling thiols with phenyloxadiazole (POD) methyl sulfone, p-chloronitrobenzene, and fluorobenzene probes gave rise to electron-deficient aryl thioethers, effectively increasing the total emitted photons by 1.5-3 fold. Among the linkers, POD maintains labeling efficiency and specificity that are comparable to maleimide. Such an increase has proved to be universal among bulk and single-molecule assays, with or without triplet-state quenchers and oxygen scavengers, and on conformationally unrestricted or restricted cyanines. We demonstrated that cyanine-POD conjugates are general and superior fluorophores for thiol labeling in single-molecule FRET measurements of biomolecular conformational dynamics and in two-color STED nanoscopy using site-selectively labeled nanobodies. This work sheds light on the photobleaching mechanism of cyanines under single-molecule imaging while highlighting the interplay between the protein microenvironment, bioconjugation chemistry, and fluorophore photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sijia Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Ling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng Chen
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yumiao Ma
- BSJ Institute, Beijing 100084, China
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Chunlai Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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33
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Zhai R, Fang B, Lai Y, Peng B, Bai H, Liu X, Li L, Huang W. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes for mitochondrial nanoscale imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:942-972. [PMID: 36514947 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are inextricably linked to the development of diseases and cell metabolism disorders. Super-resolution imaging (SRI) is crucial in enhancing our understanding of mitochondrial ultrafine structures and functions. In addition to high-precision instruments, super-resolution microscopy relies heavily on fluorescent materials with unique photophysical properties. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes (SMFPs) have excellent properties that make them ideal for mitochondrial SRI. This paper summarizes recent advances in the field of SMFPs, with a focus on the chemical and spectroscopic properties required for mitochondrial SRI. Finally, we discuss future challenges in this field, including the design principles of SMFPs and nanoscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxiu Zhai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yaqi Lai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaowang Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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Zhou R, Wang C, Liang X, Liu F, Sun P, Yan X, Jia X, Liu X, Wang Y, Lu G. A new organic molecular probe as a powerful tool for fluorescence imaging and biological study of lipid droplets. Theranostics 2023; 13:95-105. [PMID: 36593956 PMCID: PMC9800742 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lipid droplets (LDs) are critical organelles associated with many physiological processes in eukaryotic cells. To visualize and study LDs, fluorescence imaging techniques including the confocal imaging as well as the emerging super-resolution imaging of stimulated emission depletion (STED), have been regarded as the most useful methods. However, directly limited by the availability of advanced LDs fluorescent probes, the performances of LDs fluorescence imaging are increasingly unsatisfied with respect to the fast research progress of LDs. Methods: We herein newly developed a superior LDs fluorescent probe named Lipi-QA as a powerful tool for LDs fluorescence imaging and biological study. Colocalization imaging of Lipi-QA and LDs fluorescent probe Ph-Red was conducted in four cell lines. The LDs staining selectivity and the photostability of Lipi-QA were also evaluated by comparing with the commercial LDs probe Nile Red. The in-situ fluorescence lifetime of Lipi-QA in LDs was determined by time-gated detection. The cytotoxicity of Lipi-QA was assessed by MTT assay. The STED saturation intensity as well as the power- and gate time-dependent resolution were tested by Leica SP8 STED super-resolution nanoscopy. The time-lapse 3D confocal imaging and time-lapse STED super-resolution imaging were then designed to study the complex physiological functions of LDs. Results: Featuring with the advantages of the super-photostability, high LDs selectivity, long fluorescence lifetime and low STED saturation intensity, the fluorescent probe Lipi-QA was capable of the long-term time-lapse three-dimensional (3D) confocal imaging to in-situ monitor LDs in 3D space and the time-lapse STED super-resolution imaging (up to 500 STED frames) to track the dynamics of LDs with nanoscale resolution (37 nm). Conclusions: Based on the state-of-the-art fluorescence imaging results, some new biological insights into LDs have been successfully provided. For instance, the long-term time-lapse 3D confocal imaging has surely answered an important and controversial question that the number of LDs would significantly decrease rather than increase upon starvation stimulation; the time-lapse STED super-resolution imaging with the highest resolution has impressively uncovered the fission process of nanoscale LDs for the first time; the starvation-induced change of LDs in size and in speed has been further revealed at nanoscale by the STED super-resolution imaging. All of these results not only highlight the utility of the newly developed fluorescent probe but also significantly promote the biological study of LDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China,✉ Corresponding authors: Chenguang Wang, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. ; Geyu Lu, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xishuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fangmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaoteng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China,✉ Corresponding authors: Chenguang Wang, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China. ; Geyu Lu, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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35
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Multi-color live-cell STED nanoscopy of mitochondria with a gentle inner membrane stain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2215799119. [PMID: 36534799 PMCID: PMC9907107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215799119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Capturing mitochondria's intricate and dynamic structure poses a daunting challenge for optical nanoscopy. Different labeling strategies have been demonstrated for live-cell stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy of mitochondria, but orthogonal strategies are yet to be established, and image acquisition has suffered either from photodamage to the organelles or from rapid photobleaching. Therefore, live-cell nanoscopy of mitochondria has been largely restricted to two-dimensional (2D) single-color recordings of cancer cells. Here, by conjugation of cyclooctatetraene (COT) to a benzo-fused cyanine dye, we report a mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) fluorescent marker, PK Mito Orange (PKMO), featuring efficient STED at 775 nm, strong photostability, and markedly reduced phototoxicity. PKMO enables super-resolution (SR) recordings of IM dynamics for extended periods in immortalized mammalian cell lines, primary cells, and organoids. Photostability and reduced phototoxicity of PKMO open the door to live-cell three-dimensional (3D) STED nanoscopy of mitochondria for 3D analysis of the convoluted IM. PKMO is optically orthogonal with green and far-red markers, allowing multiplexed recordings of mitochondria using commercial STED microscopes. Using multi-color STED microscopy, we demonstrate that imaging with PKMO can capture interactions of mitochondria with different cellular components such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or the cytoskeleton, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX)-induced apoptotic process, or crista phenotypes in genetically modified cells, all at sub-100 nm resolution. Thereby, this work offers a versatile tool for studying mitochondrial IM architecture and dynamics in a multiplexed manner.
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36
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Fujimoto KJ, Miyashita T, Dewa T, Yanai T. Determination of FRET orientation factor between artificial fluorophore and photosynthetic light-harvesting 2 complex (LH2). Sci Rep 2022; 12:15091. [PMID: 36065053 PMCID: PMC9445053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The orientation factor of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between photosynthetic light-harvesting 2 complex (LH2) and artificial fluorophore (Alexa Fluor 647: A647) was theoretically investigated. The orientation factor of 2/3, i.e., the isotropic mean, is widely used to predict the donor–acceptor distance from FRET measurements. However, this approximation seems inappropriate because the movement of A647 is possibly restricted by the bifunctional linker binding to LH2. In this study, we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and electronic coupling calculations on the LH2-A647 conjugate to analyze its orientation factor. The MD results showed that A647 keeps a position approximately 26 Å away from the bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) assembly in LH2. The effective orientation factor was extracted from the electronic coupling calculated using the transition charge from electrostatic potential (TrESP) method. With MD snapshots, an averaged orientation factor was predicted to be 1.55, significantly different from the isotropic mean value. The analysis also suggested that the value of the refractive index employed in the previous studies is not suitable for this system. Furthermore, optimal orientations of A647 with larger orientation factors to improve FRET efficiency were searched using Euler angles. The present approach is useful for extending the applicability of FRET analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro J Fujimoto
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Miyashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takehisa Dewa
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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37
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S A, Joshi P, Mondal PP. Detection of fortunate molecules induce particle resolution shift (PAR-shift) toward single-molecule limit in SMLM: A technique for resolving molecular clusters in cellular system. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:093704. [PMID: 36182464 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecules capable of emitting a large number of photons (also known as fortunate molecules) are crucial for achieving a resolution close to single molecule limit (the actual size of a single molecule). We propose a long-exposure single molecule localization microscopy (leSMLM) technique that enables detection of fortunate molecules, which is based on the fact that detecting a relatively small subset of molecules with large photon emission increases its localization precision (∼r0/N). Fortunate molecules have the ability to emit a large burst of photons over a prolonged time (> average blinking lifetime). So, a long exposure time allows the time window necessary to detect these elite molecules. The technique involves the detection of fortunate molecules to generate enough statistics for a quality reconstruction of the target protein distribution in a cellular system. Studies show a significant PArticle Resolution Shift (PAR-shift) of about 6 and 11 nm toward single-molecule-limit (far from diffraction-limit) for an exposure time window of 60 and 90 ms, respectively. In addition, a significant decrease in the fraction of fortunate molecules (single molecules with small localization precision) is observed. Specifically, 8.33% and 3.43% molecules are found to emit in 30-60 ms and >60 ms, respectively, when compared to single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). The long exposure has enabled better visualization of the Dendra2HA molecular cluster, resolving sub-clusters within a large cluster. Thus, the proposed technique leSMLM facilitates a better study of cluster formation in fixed samples. Overall, leSMLM technique offers a spatial resolution improvement of ~ 10 nm compared to traditional SMLM at the cost of marginally poor temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravinth S
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Prakash Joshi
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Partha Pratim Mondal
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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38
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Peng G, Dai J, Zhou R, Liu G, Liu X, Yan X, Liu F, Sun P, Wang C, Lu G. Highly Efficient Red/NIR-Emissive Fluorescent Probe with Polarity-Sensitive Character for Visualizing Cellular Lipid Droplets and Determining Their Polarity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12095-12102. [PMID: 36006461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs), which are ubiquitous organelles existing in almost all eukaryotic cells, have attracted a lot of attention in the field of cell biology over the last decade. For the biological study of LDs via fluorescence imaging, the superior LD fluorescent probes with environmental polarity-sensitive character are highly desired and powerful but are very scarce. Herein, we have newly developed such a kind of fluorescent probe named LDs-Red which enables us to visualize LDs and to further reveal their polarity information. This fluorescent probe displays the advantages of intense red/near-infrared emission, high LD staining specificity, and good photostability; thus, it would be very useful for LD fluorescence imaging application. As a result, the three-dimensional confocal imaging to visualize spatial distribution of LDs and the multicolor confocal imaging to simultaneously observe LDs and other cellular organelles have been realized using this new LD fluorescent probe. Furthermore, the polarity-sensitive emission character of this probe enables us to quantitatively determine the LD polarity via spectral scan imaging. Consequently, the cancer cells (HepG2, HeLa, and Panc02) displaying lower polarity of LDs than the normal cells (L929, U251, and HT22) have been systematically demonstrated. In addition, this polarity-sensitive probe displaying shorter fluorescence wavelengths in cancer cells than in normal cells has an important and potential ability to distinguish them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guishan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jianan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ri Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guannan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fangmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Fujita Y, Iketani M, Ito M, Ohsawa I. Temporal changes in mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species generation during the development of replicative senescence in human fibroblasts. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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40
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Kudoh Y, Fujii K, Kimura Y, Minoura M, Matano Y. Synthesis and Optical Properties of 1,2,5,10-Tetraphenylanthra[2,3- b]phosphole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10493-10500. [PMID: 35819165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1,2,5,10-Tetraphenylanthra[2,3-b]phosphole oxides and 1-methyl-1,2,5,10-tetraphenylanthra[2,3-b]phospholium salts were prepared, and their optical properties were investigated. The substituent at the para position and the fused anthracene moiety were found to exert significant impacts on the fluorescence properties of the P-bridged 2-styrylanthracene skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kudoh
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujii
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0321, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kimura
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0321, Japan
| | - Mao Minoura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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41
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Tamura T, Hamachi I. Chemical biology tools for imaging-based analysis of organelle membranes and lipids. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 70:102182. [PMID: 35779350 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Membrane biology studies have revealed that in addition to providing structural support for compartment formation and membrane protein function, subcellular biomembranes are also critically involved in many biological events. To facilitate our understanding of the functions, biophysical properties and structural dynamics of organelle membranes, various exciting chemical biology tools have recently emerged. This short review aims to describe the latest molecular probes for organelle membrane studies. In particular, we will feature chemical strategies to visualize and quantitatively analyze the dynamic propeties of organelle membranes and lipids and discuss current limitations and potential future directions of this challenging research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan; ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan.
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42
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Mendes D, Peixoto F, Oliveira MM, Andrade PB, Videira RA. Mitochondria research and neurodegenerative diseases: on the track to understanding the biological world of high complexity. Mitochondrion 2022; 65:67-79. [PMID: 35623557 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
From the simple unicellular eukaryote to the highly complex multicellular organism like Human, mitochondrion emerges as a ubiquitous player to ensure the organism's functionality. It is popularly known as "the powerhouse of the cell" by its key role in ATP generation. However, our understanding of the physiological relevance of mitochondria is being challenged by data obtained in different fields. In this review, a short history of the mitochondria research field is presented, stressing the findings and questions that allowed the knowledge advances, and put mitochondrion as the main player of safeguarding organism life as well as a key to solve the puzzle of the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mendes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Francisco Peixoto
- Chemistry Center - Vila Real (CQ-VR), Biological and Environment Department, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria M Oliveira
- Chemistry Center - Vila Real (CQ-VR), Chemistry Department, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Romeu A Videira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
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43
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Assies L, Mercier V, López-Andarias J, Roux A, Sakai N, Matile S. The Dynamic Range of Acidity: Tracking Rules for the Unidirectional Penetration of Cellular Compartments. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200192. [PMID: 35535626 PMCID: PMC9400975 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Labeled ammonium cations with pKa∼7.4 accumulate in acidic organelles because they can be neutralized transiently to cross the membrane at cytosolic pH 7.2 but not at their internal pH<5.5. Retention in early endosomes with less acidic internal pH was achieved recently using weaker acids of up to pKa 9.8. We report here that primary ammonium cations with higher pKa 10.6, label early endosomes more efficiently. This maximized early endosome tracking coincides with increasing labeling of Golgi networks with similarly weak internal acidity. Guanidinium cations with pKa 13.5 cannot cross the plasma membrane in monomeric form and label the plasma membrane with selectivity for vesicles embarking into endocytosis. Self‐assembled into micelles, guanidinium cations enter cells like arginine‐rich cell‐penetrating peptides and, driven by their membrane potential, penetrate mitochondria unidirectionally despite their high inner pH. The resulting tracking rules with an approximated dynamic range of pKa change ∼3.5 are expected to be generally valid, thus enabling the design of chemistry tools for biology research in the broadest sense. From a practical point of view, most relevant are two complementary fluorescent flipper probes that can be used to image the mechanics at the very beginning of endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Assies
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Vincent Mercier
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Javier López-Andarias
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Aurelien Roux
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Naomi Sakai
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Stefan Matile
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
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Liu J, Gu Q, Du W, Feng Z, Zhang Q, Tian Y, Luo K, Gong Q, Tian X. Nucleolar RNA in action: Ultrastructure revealed during protein translation through a terpyridyl manganese(II) complex. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114058. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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A synergistic strategy to develop photostable and bright dyes with long Stokes shift for nanoscopy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2264. [PMID: 35477933 PMCID: PMC9046415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality and application of super-resolution fluorescence imaging greatly lie in the dyes’ properties, including photostability, brightness, and Stokes shift. Here we report a synergistic strategy to simultaneously improve such properties of regular fluorophores. Introduction of quinoxaline motif with fine-tuned electron density to conventional rhodamines generates new dyes with vibration structure and inhibited twisted-intramolecular-charge-transfer (TICT) formation synchronously, thus increasing the brightness and photostability while enlarging Stokes shift. The new fluorophore YL578 exhibits around twofold greater brightness and Stokes shift than its parental fluorophore, Rhodamine B. Importantly, in Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy, YL578 derived probe possesses a superior photostability and thus renders threefold more frames than carbopyronine based probes (CPY-Halo and 580CP-Halo), known as photostable fluorophores for STED imaging. Furthermore, the strategy is well generalized to offer a new class of bright and photostable fluorescent probes with long Stokes shift (up to 136 nm) for bioimaging and biosensing. Super-resolution microscopy is a powerful tool for cellular studies but requires bright and stable fluorescent probes. Here, the authors report on a strategy to introduce quinoxaline motifs to conventional probes to make them brighter, more photostable, larger Stokes shift, and demonstrate the probes for biosensing applications.
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46
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Wen Y, Xie D, Liu Z. Advances in protein analysis in single live cells: principle, instrumentation and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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47
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Chen MM, Li Y, Deng SL, Zhao Y, Lian ZX, Yu K. Mitochondrial Function and Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species in Skeletal Muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:826981. [PMID: 35265618 PMCID: PMC8898899 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.826981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibers contain a large number of mitochondria, which produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and provide energy for muscle contraction. In this process, mitochondria also produce several types of "reactive species" as side product, such as reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species which have attracted interest. Mitochondria have been proven to have an essential role in the production of skeletal muscle reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS). Traditionally, the elevation in RONS production is related to oxidative stress, leading to impaired skeletal muscle contractility and muscle atrophy. However, recent studies have shown that the optimal RONS level under the action of antioxidants is a critical physiological signal in skeletal muscle. Here, we will review the origin and physiological functions of RONS, mitochondrial structure and function, mitochondrial dynamics, and the coupling between RONS and mitochondrial oxidative stress. The crosstalk mechanism between mitochondrial function and RONS in skeletal muscle and its regulation of muscle stem cell fate and myogenesis will also be discussed. In all, this review aims to describe a comprehensive and systematic network for the interaction between skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and RONS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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48
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Park H, Niu G, Wu C, Park C, Liu H, Park H, Kwok RTK, Zhang J, He B, Tang BZ. Precise and long-term tracking of mitochondria in neurons using a bioconjugatable and photostable AIE luminogen. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2965-2970. [PMID: 35382465 PMCID: PMC8905947 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking mitochondrial movement in neurons is an attractive but challenging research field as dysregulation of mitochondrial motion is associated with multiple neurological diseases. To realize accurate and long-term tracking of mitochondria in neurons, we elaborately designed a novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active luminogen, TPAP-C5-yne, where we selected a cationic pyridinium moiety to target mitochondria and employed an activated alkyne terminus to achieve long-term tracking through bioconjugation with amines on mitochondria. For the first time, we successfully achieved the accurate analysis of the motion of a single mitochondrion in live primary hippocampal neurons and the long-term tracking of mitochondria for up to a week in live neurons. Therefore, this new AIEgen can be used as a potential tool to study the transport of mitochondria in live neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojeong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Guangle Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Chungwon Park
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Haixiang Liu
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Hyokeun Park
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- Department of Physics, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Benzhao He
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai Zhuhai 519085 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District Shenzhen City Guangdong 518172 China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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49
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Pan Y, Guo S, Smith ZJ, Chu K. Simultaneous 3D deconvolution and halo removal for spatial light interference microscopy through a two-edge apodized Wiener filter. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:287-296. [PMID: 35200967 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.444764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most sensitive quantitative phase microscopy techniques, spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) has undergone rapid development in the past decade and has seen wide application in both basic science and clinical studies. However, as with any other traditional microscope, the axial resolution is the worst among the three dimensions. This leads to lower contrast in the thicker regions of cell samples. Another common foe in the phase contrast image is the halo artifact, which can block underlying structures, in particular when high resolution is desired. Current solutions focus on either halo removal or contrast enhancement alone, and thus need two processing steps to create both high contrast and halo-free phase images. Further, raw images often suffer from artifacts that are both bright and slowly varying, dubbed here as cloud-like artifacts. After deconvolution, these cloud-like artifacts often dominate the image and obscure high-frequency information, which is typically of greatest interest. In this paper, we first analyzed the unique characteristics of the phase transfer function associated with SLIM to find the root of the cloud-like artifacts and halo artifacts. Then we designed a two-edge apodized deconvolution scheme as a counter measure. We show that even with a simple Wiener filter, the two-edge apodization (TEA) can effectively improve the contrast while suppressing the halo and cloud-like artifacts. Our algorithm, named TEA-Weiner, is non-iterative and thus can be implemented in real time. For low-contrast structures inside the cell such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where ringing artifacts are more likely, we show that two-edge apodization can be combined with additional constraints such as total variation so that their contrast can be enhanced simultaneously with other bright structures inside the cell. Comparing our method with other state-of-the-art algorithms, our method has two advantages: First, deconvolution and halo removal are accomplished simultaneously; second, the image quality is highest using TEA-Weiner filtering.
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50
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Wang L, Li S, Stone SS, Liu N, Gong K, Ren C, Sun K, Zhang C, Shao G. The Role of the lncRNA MALAT1 in Neuroprotection against Hypoxic/Ischemic Injury. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010146. [PMID: 35053294 PMCID: PMC8773505 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic and ischemic brain injury can cause neurological disability and mortality, and has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Long-chain non-coding RNAs are involved in the regulation of many diseases. Metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a type of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), known as long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA), and is highly abundant in the nervous system. The enrichment of MALAT1 in the brain indicates that it may be associated with important functions in pathophysiological processes. Accordingly, the role of MALAT1 in neuronal cell hypoxic/ischemic injury has been gradually discovered over recent years. In this article, we summarize recent research regarding the neuroprotective molecular mechanism of MALAT1 and its regulation of pathophysiological processes of brain hypoxic/ischemic injury. MALAT1 may function as a regulator through interaction with proteins or RNAs to perform its role, and may therefore serve as a therapeutic target in cerebral hypoxia/ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen 518112, China; (L.W.); (N.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- Institute for Neuroscience, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Department of Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China;
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Sara Saymuah Stone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48021, USA;
| | - Na Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen 518112, China; (L.W.); (N.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- Institute for Neuroscience, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Kerui Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Changhong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China;
| | - Kai Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen 518112, China; (L.W.); (N.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (C.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014010, China
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (C.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Guo Shao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen 518112, China; (L.W.); (N.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- Institute for Neuroscience, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China;
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014010, China
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (C.Z.); (G.S.)
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