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Tatsuno S, Doi H, Inada M, Uehara T, Wada Y, Ishikawa K, Tanaka K, Kitano M, Nishimura Y. Clinical outcomes and failure patterns after postoperative radiotherapy for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Strahlenther Onkol 2024; 200:389-399. [PMID: 37999789 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02171-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess recurrence patterns and identify the optimal dose and target volumes of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Data of 111 patients who received PORT for OSCC between January 2010 and April 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The median age was 68 years (range 19-88). PORT was administered as initial treatment to 63 patients and as salvage treatment for recurrent tumors to 48 patients. The median prescribed dose was 60 Gy (range 50-66) administered in 30 fractions (range 25-33). RESULTS Median follow-up time was 73 months (range 24-147). Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local control (LC), and locoregional control (LRC) at 3 years were 55.6%, 45.6%, 74.6%, and 63.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences in OS, PFS, LC, and LRC between the initially diagnosed and postoperative recurrent cases. Of 22 patients (20%) who developed regional nodal recurrences, 17 (15%) and 11 (10%) had in-field and out-of-field recurrences, respectively. Of 105 patients who received irradiation to the primary tumor bed, 24 (23%) developed recurrence at the primary site. The PFS and LC rates were significantly worse in patients receiving ≤ 56 Gy to the primary site than those receiving > 56 Gy (p = 0.016 and p = 0.032, respectively). CONCLUSION PORT was effective for postoperative recurrences as well as for initially diagnosed oral cavity cancer. Doses greater than 56 Gy to the primary site may be required in PORT for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Tatsuno
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Doi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Inada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Uehara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yutaro Wada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tanaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Mutsukazu Kitano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Nishimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2, Osaka, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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Katahira M, Fukushima K, Kiko T, Yamakuni R, Endo K, Yoshihisa A, Ishii S, Ito H, Takeishi Y. Prognostic significance of left atrial strain combined with left ventricular strain using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Heart Vessels 2024; 39:404-411. [PMID: 38302609 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and left atrial strain (LAS) obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) feature tracking in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We retrospectively enrolled consecutive patients with HFpEF admitted to our hospital who underwent cardiac MRI. LVGLS and LAS were obtained from cine MRI by feature tracking. The end point was defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and hospitalization due to decompensated HF. One-hundred patients with HFpEF were enrolled. Mean LVGLS and LAS were - 13.7 ± 3.7% and 22.5 ± 11.6%, respectively. During follow-up of 4.4 ± 1.9 years, 24 events occurred. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis demonstrated LAS was independently associated with adverse cardiac events. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that the patients with both LVGLS and LAS worse than the median (LVGLS ≥ - 12.2% and LAS ≤ 13.8%) had a significantly lower event-free rate compared to those with preserved strain (Log-rank P < 0.001). Simultaneous assessment of LVGLS and LAS using MRI was useful for risk stratification in the patients with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Katahira
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukushima
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Takatoyo Kiko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamakuni
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Endo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akiomi Yoshihisa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shiro Ishii
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 960-1295, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
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Ishii D, Osaki H, Yozu A, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto S, Miyata M, Kohno Y. Role of the medial agranular cortex in unilateral spatial neglect. Exp Brain Res 2024:10.1007/s00221-024-06817-8. [PMID: 38647701 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) results from impaired attentional networks and can affect various sensory modalities, such as visual and somatosensory. The rodent medial agranular cortex (AGm), located in the medial part of the forebrain from rostral to caudal direction, is considered a region associated with spatial attention. The AGm selectively receives multisensory input with the rostral AGm receiving somatosensory input and caudal part receiving visual input. Our previous study showed slower recovery from neglect with anterior AGm lesion using the somatosensory neglect assessment. Conversely, the functional differences in spatial attention across the entire AGm locations (anterior, intermediate, and posterior parts) are unknown. Here, we investigated the relationship between the severity of neglect and various locations across the entire AGm in a mouse stroke model using a newly developed program-based analysis method that does not require human intervention. Among various positions of the lesions, the recovery from USN during recovery periods (postoperative day; POD 10-18) tended to be slower in cases with more rostral lesions in the AGm (r = - 0.302; p = 0.028). Moreover, the total number of arm entries and maximum moving speed did not significantly differ between before and after AGm infarction. According to these results, the anterior lesions may slowly recover from USN-like behavior, and there may be a weak association between the AGm infarct site and recovery rate. In addition, all unilateral focal infarctions in the AGm induced USN-like behavior without motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ishii
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Hironobu Osaki
- Laboratory of Functional Brain Circuit Construction, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arito Yozu
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mariko Miyata
- Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kohno
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
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Mishima E. Targeting ferroptosis for treating kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s10157-024-02491-w. [PMID: 38644406 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death hallmarked by iron-mediated excessive lipid oxidation. Over the past decade since the coining of the term ferroptosis, advances in research have led to the identification of intracellular processes that regulate ferroptosis such as GSH-GPX4 pathway and FSP1-coenzyme Q10/vitamin K pathway. From a disease perspective, the involvement of ferroptosis in pathological conditions including kidney disease has attracted attention. In terms of renal pathophysiology, ferroptosis has been widely investigated for its involvement in ischemia-reperfusion injury, nephrotoxin-induced kidney damage and other renal diseases. Therefore, therapeutic interventions targeting ferroptosis are expected to become a new therapeutic approach for these diseases. However, when considering cell death as a therapeutic target, careful consideration must be given to (i) in which type of cells, (ii) which type of cell death mode, and (iii) in which stage or temporal window of the disease. In the next decade, elucidation of the true involvement of ferroptosis in kidney disease setting in human, and development of clinically applicable and effective therapeutic drugs that target ferroptosis are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eikan Mishima
- Division of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Sasaki A, Takeda D, Kawai H, Tadokoro Y, Murakami A, Yatagai N, Arimoto S, Nagatsuka H, Akashi M, Hasegawa T. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide suppresses skeletal muscle atrophy in a mouse model of oral squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302194. [PMID: 38630690 PMCID: PMC11023300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia causes skeletal muscle atrophy, impacting the treatment and prognosis of patients with advanced cancer, but no treatment has yet been established to control cancer cachexia. We demonstrated that transcutaneous application of carbon dioxide (CO2) could improve local blood flow and reduce skeletal muscle atrophy in a fracture model. However, the effects of transcutaneous application of CO2 in cancer-bearing conditions are not yet known. In this study, we calculated fat-free body mass (FFM), defined as the skeletal muscle mass, and evaluated the expression of muscle atrophy markers and uncoupling protein markers as well as the cross-sectional area (CSA) to investigate whether transcutaneous application of CO2 to skeletal muscle could suppress skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer-bearing mice. Human oral squamous cell carcinoma was transplanted subcutaneously into the upper dorsal region of nude mice, and 1 week later, CO2 gas was applied to the legs twice a week for 4 weeks and FFM was calculated by bioimpedance spectroscopy. After the experiment concluded, the quadriceps were extracted, and muscle atrophy markers (muscle atrophy F-box protein (MAFbx), muscle RING-finger protein 1 (MuRF-1)) and uncoupling protein markers (uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3)) were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining, and CSA by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The CO2-treated group exhibited significant mRNA and protein expression inhibition of the four markers. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining showed decreased MAFbx, MuRF-1, UCP2, and UCP3 in the CO2-treated group. In fact, the CSA in hematoxylin and eosin staining and the FFM revealed significant suppression of skeletal muscle atrophy in the CO2-treated group. We suggest that transcutaneous application of CO2 to skeletal muscle suppresses skeletal muscle atrophy in a mouse model of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Sasaki
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tadokoro
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Aki Murakami
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nanae Yatagai
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Satomi Arimoto
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Saizonou MA, Kitazawa H, Kanahashi T, Yamada S, Takakuwa T. Epithelial development of the urinary collecting system in the human embryo. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301778. [PMID: 38598450 PMCID: PMC11006188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The urinary collecting system (UCS) consists of organized ducts that collect urine from the nephrons and transport it to the ureter and bladder. Understanding the histogenesis of the UCS is critical. Thirty human embryos between the Carnegie stages (CS) 18 and 23 were selected from the Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Kyoto, Japan. Epithelia of the UCS, ureter, and bladder of each sample were randomly selected. Histological findings of the epithelia were analyzed according to the following criteria: type of epithelium, presence or absence of glycogen, percentage of migrated nuclei, percentage of cells in mitosis, and the surrounding mesenchyme. A thickened epithelium lining a narrow luminal cavity was observed in the pre-expanded pelvic specimens at CS18-CS23. At CS23, after pelvic expansion, the UCS showed a thin epithelium with a large luminal cavity mainly located on the early branches, whereas the epithelium covering the subsequent branches had medium thickness. Histological characteristics differed depending on the UCS part and sample stage. The degree of differentiation was evaluated, revealing that in CS18-CS23 pre-expanded pelvis specimens, the undifferentiated epithelium was found in the zeroth to third/fifth generation, whereas at CS23, after pelvic expansion, a differentiated epithelium covered the UCS zeroth to seventh generation. In a comparison of the urothelial epithelium between the UCS, ureter, and bladder, we found that urinary tract differentiation may be initiated in the bladder, followed by the ureter, UCS zeroth to seventh generations, and finally, UCS eighth to end generations. An understanding of the histogenesis of embryonic stage UCS can aid in the clinical management of congenital urinary tract defects and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ange Saizonou
- Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Kitazawa
- Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toru Kanahashi
- Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takakuwa
- Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Funatsu R, Terasaki H, Mihara N, Sonoda S, Shiihara H, Sakamoto T. Evaluating photodynamic therapy versus brolucizumab as a second-line treatment for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Int J Retina Vitreous 2024; 10:32. [PMID: 38589964 PMCID: PMC11000321 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-024-00553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the one-year outcomes between intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) monotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a second-line treatment in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) who did not respond to first-line therapy. METHODS This case-control study included eyes with PCV that do not respond to aflibercept or ranibizumab. The patients were retrospectively registered. We compared outcomes, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anatomical results, and the need for additional treatments, between IVBr and a combination therapy using PDT as second-line treatments for refractory PCV, after adjusting for potential confounders. We analyzed E-values to evaluate the robustness of the results against unmeasured confounders. RESULTS Twenty-two eyes received IVBr, and twenty-four underwent PDT. No apparent differences were observed in BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) changes from baseline between the groups (IVBr vs. PDT: BCVA, 0.01 ± 0.47 logMAR vs. 0.04 ± 0.18 logMAR, P-value = 0.756; CMT: - 36.3 ± 99.4 μm vs. - 114.7 ± 181.4 μm, P-value = 0.146). Only in the PDT group, five eyes (20.8%) did not require additional treatment after the second-line treatment, the adjusted odds ratio indicating no further treatment needed was 11.98 (95% confidence interval: 1.42-2070.07, P-value = 0.019). The E-value for the adjusted odds ratio was 23.44. CONCLUSIONS Both second-line treatments for PCV exhibited similar visual and anatomical outcomes. Only in the PDT-treated eyes were there some patients who did not require further treatment after second-line therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoh Funatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Naohisa Mihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shozo Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Liu J, Kanno S, Iseki C, Kawakami N, Kakinuma K, Katsuse K, Matsubara S, Ota S, Endo K, Takanami K, Osawa SI, Kawaguchi T, Endo H, Mugikura S, Suzuki K. The grasp reflex in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurol 2024:10.1007/s00415-024-12341-0. [PMID: 38587636 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and intensity of grasp reflexes and to examine changes in these reflexes after shunt surgery in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). METHODS We enrolled 147 patients with probable iNPH. A standard procedure was used to determine the presence of grasp reflexes, and the intensity of these reflexes was assessed using a four-category classification. Clinical rating scales and their correlation with grasp reflexes were also evaluated. Grasp reflexes were reassessed in 72 patients 1 year after surgery. RESULTS We found that approximately 50.3% of patients with iNPH exhibited a positive grasp reflex. Among these patients, 69% exhibited bilateral positivity, while the remaining patients showed unilateral positivity. Furthermore, the intensity of the grasp reflex was significantly correlated with the severity of gait and with cognitive, urinary, motor, and behavioural symptoms. Surgical interventions led to a reduction (41.7%) or maintenance (30.6%) of the reflex intensity in 72.3% of iNPH patients. The changes in reflex intensity showed significant positive correlations with changes in the number of steps of the Timed Up and Go test and Trail Making Test-A scores but not with changes in total scores on the iNPH Grading Scale. CONCLUSION This retrospective study identified grasp reflexes as a highly prevalent phenomenon in patients with iNPH. These reflexes can assist in evaluating the severity of various symptoms, including cognitive, gait, urinary, motor and emotional symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Liu
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shigenori Kanno
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Chifumi Iseki
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuko Kawakami
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kakinuma
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuto Katsuse
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Neurology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Matsubara
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shoko Ota
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiko Endo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takanami
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Osawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hidenori Endo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunji Mugikura
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Image Statistics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kyoko Suzuki
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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Weerasinghe RW, Madayanad Suresh S, Hall D, Matulaitis T, Slawin AMZ, Warriner S, Lee YT, Chan CY, Tsuchiya Y, Zysman-Colman E, Adachi C. A Boron, Nitrogen, and Oxygen Doped π-Extended Helical Pure Blue Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitter for Organic Light Emitting Diodes That Shows Fast k RISC Without the Use of Heavy Atoms. Adv Mater 2024:e2402289. [PMID: 38581139 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Narrowband emissive multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are a promising solution to achieve the current industry-targeted color standard, Rec. BT.2020-2, for blue color without using optical filters, aiming for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, their long triplet lifetimes, largely affected by their slow reverse intersystem crossing rates, adversely affect device stability. In this study, a helical MR-TADF emitter (f-DOABNA) is designed and synthesized. Owing to its π-delocalized structure, f-DOABNA possesses a small singlet-triplet gap, ΔEST, and displays simultaneously an exceptionally faster reverse intersystem crossing rate constant, kRISC, of up to 2 × 106 s-1 and a very high photoluminescence quantum yield, ΦPL, of over 90% in both solution and doped films. The OLED with f-DOABNA as the emitter achieved a narrow deep-blue emission at 445 nm (full width at half-maximum of 24 nm) associated with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.150, 0.041), and showed a high maximum external quantum efficiency, EQEmax, of ≈20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangani Wathsala Weerasinghe
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yi-Ting Lee
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chin-Yiu Chan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 000-000, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 000-000, China
| | - Youichi Tsuchiya
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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10
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Aii S, Fujishima I, Shigematsu T, Ohno T, Kunieda K, Yamawaki M. Sliced Jelly Whole Swallowing Reduces Deglutition Risk: A Novel Feeding Method for Patients with Dysphagia. Dysphagia 2024:10.1007/s00455-024-10674-6. [PMID: 38568345 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-024-10674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Texture modification in the form of gels or jellies is used for patients with dysphagia. For over 20 years, our group has been using gelatin jellies, a type of gel, as a starting diet for patients with dysphagia. Gelatin jellies are served in a small-sliced form and swallowed whole. In sliced jelly whole swallowing (SJWS), sliced gelatin jelly (SGJ) passes through the pharynx in one lump without collapsing. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of SJWS. We analyzed the images of videofluoroscopic swallowing studies performed using the normalized residue ratio scale (NRRSv: vallecula, NRRSp: pyriform sinus), the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), and pharyngeal transit time (PTT) in 50 patients with dysphagia and compared the results in a prospective study. SJWS had significantly less residue in both NRRSv and NRRSp than in moderately thickened liquid swallowing. No significant differences in PAS scores were found between SGJ and moderately thickened liquid. Additionally, no significant differences in PTT scores were noted between the two. This study demonstrated the usefulness of SJWS in improving swallowing safety in patients with dysphagia. Further studies are needed to evaluate the reproducibility of the test, the comparison of SGJ with other thickened liquids, and the safety of SJWS for different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seijiro Aii
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, 1-6-1 Wagokita, Chuo-Ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 433-8511, Japan.
- Department of Medical Education Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Fujishima
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, 1-6-1 Wagokita, Chuo-Ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 433-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Shigematsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, 1-6-1 Wagokita, Chuo-Ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 433-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Ohno
- Department of Dentistry, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kunieda
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, 1-6-1 Wagokita, Chuo-Ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 433-8511, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masanaga Yamawaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, 1-6-1 Wagokita, Chuo-Ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 433-8511, Japan
- Department of Medical Education Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Yoshiko A, Shiozawa K, Niwa S, Takahashi H, Koike T, Watanabe K, Katayama K, Akima H. Association of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with muscle function, sarcopenia-related exercise performance, and intramuscular adipose tissue in older adults. GeroScience 2024; 46:2715-2727. [PMID: 38153667 PMCID: PMC10828458 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle function and exercise performance measures, such as muscle endurance capacity, maximal strength, chair stand score, gait speed, and Timed Up and Go score, are evaluated to diagnose sarcopenia and frailty in older individuals. Furthermore, intramuscular adipose tissue (IntraMAT) content increases with age. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity determines muscle metabolism and maintains muscle performance. This study aimed to investigate the association of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with muscle function, exercise performance, and IntraMAT content in older individuals. Thirteen older men and women participated in this study. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity was assessed by the recovery speed of muscle oxygen saturation after exercise using near-infrared spectroscopy from the medial gastrocnemius. We assessed two muscle functions, peak torque and time to task failure, and four sarcopenia-related exercise performances: handgrip strength, gait speed, 30-s chair stand, and Timed Up and Go. The IntraMAT content was measured using axial magnetic resonance imaging. The results showed a relationship between skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and gait speed but not with muscle functions and other exercise performance measures. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity was not related to IntraMAT content. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, which may be indicative of the capacity of muscle energy production in the mitochondria, is related to locomotive functions but not to other functional parameters or skeletal fat infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Yoshiko
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan.
| | - Kana Shiozawa
- Department of Exercise and Sports Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Niwa
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takahashi
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Koike
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kohei Watanabe
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan
| | - Keisho Katayama
- Department of Exercise and Sports Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akima
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Sugimoto Y, Yoshida R, Jeong H, Koizumi M, Brennan JR, Oseki Y. Localizing Syntactic Composition with Left-Corner Recurrent Neural Network Grammars. Neurobiol Lang (Camb) 2024; 5:201-224. [PMID: 38645619 PMCID: PMC11025653 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
In computational neurolinguistics, it has been demonstrated that hierarchical models such as recurrent neural network grammars (RNNGs), which jointly generate word sequences and their syntactic structures via the syntactic composition, better explained human brain activity than sequential models such as long short-term memory networks (LSTMs). However, the vanilla RNNG has employed the top-down parsing strategy, which has been pointed out in the psycholinguistics literature as suboptimal especially for head-final/left-branching languages, and alternatively the left-corner parsing strategy has been proposed as the psychologically plausible parsing strategy. In this article, building on this line of inquiry, we investigate not only whether hierarchical models like RNNGs better explain human brain activity than sequential models like LSTMs, but also which parsing strategy is more neurobiologically plausible, by developing a novel fMRI corpus where participants read newspaper articles in a head-final/left-branching language, namely Japanese, through the naturalistic fMRI experiment. The results revealed that left-corner RNNGs outperformed both LSTMs and top-down RNNGs in the left inferior frontal and temporal-parietal regions, suggesting that there are certain brain regions that localize the syntactic composition with the left-corner parsing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshida
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyeonjeong Jeong
- Graduate School of International Cultural Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Koizumi
- Department of Linguistics, Graduate School of Arts and Letters, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Yohei Oseki
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Blickhan R, Andrada E, Hirasaki E, Ogihara N. Skipping without and with hurdles in bipedal macaque: global mechanics. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246675. [PMID: 38426486 PMCID: PMC11007588 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Macaques trained to perform bipedally used running gaits across a wide range of speeds. At higher speeds they preferred unilateral skipping (galloping). The same asymmetric stepping pattern was used while hurdling across two low obstacles placed at the distance of a stride within our experimental track. In bipedal macaques during skipping, we expected a differential use of the trailing and leading legs. The present study investigated global properties of the effective and virtual leg, the location of the virtual pivot point (VPP), and the energetics of the center of mass (CoM), with the aim of clarifying the differential leg operation during skipping in bipedal macaques. When skipping, macaques displayed minor double support and aerial phases during one stride. Asymmetric leg use was indicated by differences in leg kinematics. Axial damping and tangential leg work did not influence the indifferent peak ground reaction forces and impulses, but resulted in a lift of the CoM during contact of the leading leg. The aerial phase was largely due to the use of the double support. Hurdling amplified the differential leg operation. Here, higher ground reaction forces combined with increased double support provided the vertical impulse to overcome the hurdles. Following CoM dynamics during a stride, skipping and hurdling represented bouncing gaits. The elevation of the VPP of bipedal macaques resembled that of human walking and running in the trailing and leading phases, respectively. Because of anatomical restrictions, macaque unilateral skipping differs from that of humans, and may represent an intermediate gait between grounded and aerial running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Blickhan
- Science of Motion, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | - Emanuel Andrada
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Eishi Hirasaki
- Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 4848506, Japan
| | - Naomichi Ogihara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 2238522, Japan
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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14
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Moriyama Y, Hasuzawa N, Nomura M. María Teresa Miras Portugal: a pioneer for vesicular nucleotide storage. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:93-98. [PMID: 36525101 PMCID: PMC10997567 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromaffin granules are secretory granules present in adrenal medulla chromaffin cells. They contain high contents of catecholamines and nucleotides and have been regarded as a model system for the study of vesicular transmitter uptake and release. In 1988, Dr. María Teresa Miras Portugal, when studying catecholamine biosynthesis, detected a novel group of nucleotides, the diadenosine polyphosphates, in the adrenal chromaffin granules. Based on this finding, she unraveled the existence of diadenosine polyphosphate-mediated chemical transmission, leading to a paradigm shift in the field of purinergic signaling. She is also a pioneer in the studies on vesicular nucleotide storage. First, María Teresa and her group characterized nucleotide transport in chromaffin granules and synaptic vesicles using fluorescent nucleotide derivatives such as 1, N6-ethenoadenosine triphosphates. Then, they revealed the presence of a hypothetical vesicular nucleotide transporter with unique properties in terms of substrate specificity. In this article, we will describe her contributions to vesicular nucleotide storage and the foundations she laid for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Moriyama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
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15
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Kim J, Hayashi Y. Anti-modularization for both high robustness and efficiency including the optimal case. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301269. [PMID: 38547213 PMCID: PMC10977745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Although robustness of connectivity and modular structures in networks have been attracted much attentions in complex networks, most researches have focused on those two features in Erdos-Renyi random graphs and Scale-Free networks whose degree distributions follow Poisson and power-law, respectively. This paper investigates the effect of modularity on robustness in a modular d-regular graphs. Our results reveal that high modularity reduces the robustness even from the optimal robustness of a random d-regular graph in the pure effect of degree distributions. Moreover, we find that a low modular d-regular graph exhibits small-world property that average path length is O(logN). These results indicate that low modularity on modular structures leads to coexistence of both high robustness and efficiency of paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Kim
- Divison of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yukio Hayashi
- Divison of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa, Japan
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16
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Li T, Asai M, Kato Y, Fukano Y, Guo W. Channel Attention GAN-Based Synthetic Weed Generation for Precise Weed Identification. Plant Phenomics 2024; 6:0122. [PMID: 38560380 PMCID: PMC10981930 DOI: 10.34133/plantphenomics.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Weed is a major biological factor causing declines in crop yield. However, widespread herbicide application and indiscriminate weeding with soil disturbance are of great concern because of their environmental impacts. Site-specific weed management (SSWM) refers to a weed management strategy for digital agriculture that results in low energy loss. Deep learning is crucial for developing SSWM, as it distinguishes crops from weeds and identifies weed species. However, this technique requires substantial annotated data, which necessitates expertise in weed science and agronomy. In this study, we present a channel attention mechanism-driven generative adversarial network (CA-GAN) that can generate realistic synthetic weed data. The performance of the model was evaluated using two datasets: the public segmented Plant Seedling Dataset (sPSD), featuring nine common broadleaf weeds from arable land, and the Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services (ISAS) dataset, which includes five common summer weeds in Japan. Consequently, the synthetic dataset generated by the proposed CA-GAN obtained an 82.63% recognition accuracy on the sPSD and 93.46% on the ISAS dataset. The Fréchet inception distance (FID) score test measures the similarity between a synthetic and real dataset, and it has been shown to correlate well with human judgments of the quality of synthetic samples. The synthetic dataset achieved a low FID score (20.95 on the sPSD and 24.31 on the ISAS dataset). Overall, the experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed previous state-of-the-art GAN models in terms of image quality, diversity, and discriminability, making it a promising approach for synthetic agricultural data generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Li
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences,
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Motoaki Asai
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima 960-2156, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kato
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences,
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Yuya Fukano
- Graduate School of Horticulture,
Chiba University, Chiba 271-0092, Japan
| | - Wei Guo
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences,
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
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17
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Komatsu K, Tauchi H. Mechanistic insights into the survival curve of HeLa cells with a short shoulder and their S phase-specific sensitivity†. J Radiat Res 2024; 65:256-258. [PMID: 38151954 PMCID: PMC10959425 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
HeLa cells are a cell line with two unique cellular features: a short-shouldered survival curve and two peaks of radioresistance during the cell cycle phase, while their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We herein proposed that these radiobiological features are due to a common mechanism by which radiation suppresses homologous recombination repair (HRR) in a dose-dependent manner. This radio-suppression of HRR is mediated by an intra-S checkpoint and reduces survivals of cells in S phase, especially early S phase, resulting in both short shoulder and radioresistance with two peaks in the cell cycle. This new explanation may not be limited to HeLa cells since a similar close association of these features is also observed in other type of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Komatsu
- Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoecho, Sakyo, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tauchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo 2-1-1, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
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18
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Sakamoto Y, Shiraishi K, Kodama S. Enhanced induction of abnormal telomere FISH signals in response to oxidative DNA damage. J Radiat Res 2024; 65:187-193. [PMID: 38171574 PMCID: PMC10959432 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Telomere dysfunction induces chromosomal instability, which is a driving force in the development of cancers. To examine X-irradiation's effect on telomere integrity, we investigated X-ray-induced abnormalities in telomere signals detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (telomere FISH) in mouse embryo fibroblast cells. The abnormalities were categorized as either extra telomere signals (ETSs) or loss of telomere signals (LTSs). The results indicated that low doses (0.3-0.5 Gy) of X-rays significantly induced ETS but not LTS and that ETS induction was saturated at doses above 0.5 Gy. In addition, treatment with hydrogen peroxide also induced ETS but not LTS. To clarify the involvement of radicals in inducing ETS, we examined the effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) on telomere FISH signals and found that pre-treatment with AsA (5 mM, 2 h), but not post-treatment, significantly suppressed the induction of ETS by X-irradiation. Importantly, neither pre- nor post-treatment with AsA affected X-ray-induced chromosome aberrations. These results suggest that oxidative DNA damage induced by radicals is involved in the induction of ETS. Furthermore, combined treatment with aphidicolin, a DNA replication inhibitor, elevated the induction of ETS by X-irradiation. This observation suggests that DNA replication stress, potentially triggered by oxidative DNA lesions within telomeres, may contribute to the induction of ETS resulting from X-irradiation. Based on these results, we propose that ETS is a sensitive biological marker of oxidative DNA damage in telomere structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Sakamoto
- Radiation Biology Group, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shiraishi
- Radiation Biology Group, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Seiji Kodama
- Radiation Biology Group, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
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19
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Ngai CH, Kilpatrick AJ, Ćwiek A. Sound symbolism in Japanese names: Machine learning approaches to gender classification. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297440. [PMID: 38466741 PMCID: PMC10927153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the sound symbolic expressions of gender in Japanese names with machine learning algorithms. The main goal of this study is to explore how gender is expressed in the phonemes that make up Japanese names and whether systematic sound-meaning mappings, observed in Indo-European languages, extend to Japanese. In addition to this, this study compares the performance of machine learning algorithms. Random Forest and XGBoost algorithms are trained using the sounds of names and the typical gender of the referents as the dependent variable. Each algorithm is cross-validated using k-fold cross-validation (28 folds) and tested on samples not included in the training cycle. Both algorithms are shown to be reasonably accurate at classifying names into gender categories; however, the XGBoost model performs significantly better than the Random Forest algorithm. Feature importance scores reveal that certain sounds carry gender information. Namely, the voiced bilabial nasal /m/ and voiceless velar consonant /k/ were associated with femininity, and the high front vowel /i/ were associated with masculinity. The association observed for /i/ and /k/ stand contrary to typical patterns found in other languages, suggesting that Japanese is unique in the sound symbolic expression of gender. This study highlights the importance of considering cultural and linguistic nuances in sound symbolism research and underscores the advantage of XGBoost in capturing complex relationships within the data for improved classification accuracy. These findings contribute to the understanding of sound symbolism and gender associations in language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hau Ngai
- East Asian Languages and Cultures Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Alexander J. Kilpatrick
- Faculty of International Studies, Nagoya University of Business and Commerce, Nisshin, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aleksandra Ćwiek
- Leibniz-Centre General Linguistics, Laboratory Phonology, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Morimoto T, Narazaki R, Okabe H, Zhang L, Nishimura K, Itai A. Introduction of a diverse genetic background of Pyrus into Malus through intergeneric hybridization. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:21. [PMID: 38429502 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Wide hybridizations across species and genera have been employed to enhance agriculturally important traits in crops. Within the tribe Maleae of the Rosaceae family, different genera and species exhibit several traits useful for increasing diversity and gene pool through hybridization. This study aimed to develop and characterize intergeneric hybrid individuals between Malus and Pyrus. Through seed germination, shoot multiplication, and rooting in vitro, acclimatized seedlings showing vegetative growth on their own roots were obtained from crosses of Malus × domestica pollinated by Pyrus communis, P. bretschneideri, and the Pyrus interspecific hybrid (P. communis × P. pyrifolia). Comparative analysis of leaf morphology, flow cytometry, and molecular genotyping confirmed the hybrid status of the individuals. Genome-wide genotyping revealed that all the hybrid individuals inherited genomic fragments symmetrically from the Malus and Pyrus parents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the development of intergeneric hybrid seedlings between Malus × domestica and P. bretschneideri. Furthermore, the Pyrus interspecific hybrid individual served as a bridge plant for introducing the genetic background of P. pyrifolia into Malus × domestica. The results of this study provided a crucial foundation for breeding through intergeneric hybridization between Malus and Pyrus, facilitating the incorporation of valuable traits from diverse gene pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Morimoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Ryuya Narazaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okabe
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute of Tropical Eco-agriculture, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan, China
| | - Kazusa Nishimura
- Graduate School of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Life, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Itai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
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21
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Hanzawa M, Morimitsu Y, Owusu EH, Suu-Ire RD, Nakagawa N. Rushing for "burned" food: Why and how does a group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) reach freshly burned areas? Primates 2024; 65:103-113. [PMID: 38319464 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Recently, considerable attention has been paid to animal adaptations to anthropogenic environments, such as foraging in burned areas where plants are promoted to regenerate by anthropogenic burning. However, among primates, reports on the utilization of resources that are available immediately after burning have been limited to a few primate species. In this study, we investigated and compared the activity budgets and food categories of a group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in freshly burned areas by comparing them with those in previously burned areas and unburned areas. We also assessed the proportion of time spent in the freshly burned area before and after the fire: GPS collars were fitted to five of the six adults in the group, and their patterns when they traveled toward freshly burned and unburned feeding areas were compared. Patas monkeys spent more time in freshly burned areas after the fire, and they visited such areas mostly for feeding, particularly on roasted seeds of Cissus populnea. Furthermore, patas monkeys traveled faster and in a more synchronized way toward freshly burned areas. This "apparent goal-directed" travel began at least 1 h before arriving. Results indicate that the group recognized freshly burned areas as valuable, and the monkeys were able to travel in a goal-directed manner to them despite their variable locations. We suggest that smoke from freshly burned areas provides a visual cue with which to orient to the burned areas. Our results also support the notion that some primates are flexible enough to adapt to and benefit from anthropogenic environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Hanzawa
- Human Evolution Studies, Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Morimitsu
- Wildlife Management Research Center, Hyogo / Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, Tanba, Japan
| | - Erasmus H Owusu
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Naofumi Nakagawa
- Human Evolution Studies, Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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22
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Kumon H, Miyake Y, Yoshino Y, Iga JI, Tanaka K, Senba H, Kimura E, Higaki T, Matsuura B, Kawamoto R, Ueno SI. Functional AGXT2 SNP rs180749 variant and depressive symptoms: Baseline data from the Aidai Cohort Study in Japan. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:267-274. [PMID: 38261033 PMCID: PMC10874328 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02742-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
No study has shown the relationship between alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and depressive symptoms. The present case-control study examined this relationship in Japanese adults. Cases and control participants were selected from those who participated in the baseline survey of the Aidai Cohort Study, which is an ongoing cohort study. Cases comprised 280 participants with depressive symptoms based on a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score ≥ 16. Control participants comprised 2034 participants without depressive symptoms based on the CES-D who had not been diagnosed by a physician as having depression or who had not been currently taking medication for depression. Adjustment was made for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, leisure time physical activity, education, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Compared with the GG genotype of rs180749, both the GA and AA genotypes were significantly positively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms assessed by the CES-D: the adjusted odds ratios for the GA and AA genotypes were 2.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-8.24) and 3.10 (95% CI 1.37-8.92), respectively. The TGC haplotype of rs37370, rs180749, and rs16899974 was significantly inversely related to depressive symptoms (crude OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.49-0.90), whereas the TAC haplotype was significantly positively associated with depressive symptoms (crude OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.01-1.52). This is the first study to show significant associations between AGXT2 SNP rs180749, the TGC haplotype, and the TAC haplotype and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kumon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
- Research Promotion Unit, Translation Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
- Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
- Research Promotion Unit, Translation Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
- Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hidenori Senba
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eizen Kimura
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
- Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Medical Informatics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Higaki
- Department of Regional Pediatrics and Perinatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Bunzo Matsuura
- Department of Lifestyle-Related Medicine and Endocrinology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Kawamoto
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
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23
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Anami T, Ibe Y, Li L, Komohara Y, Hirao H, Harada M, Yano H, Fujiwara Y, Motoshima T, Yatsuda J, Hibi T, Kamba T. Overexpression of SerpinB9 in non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Med Mol Morphol 2024; 57:68-75. [PMID: 37991604 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Serpinb9 is an inhibitor of granzyme B and is potentially involved in the immune escape of tumor cells. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis using open databases suggested that SerpinB9 is overexpressed in testicular embryonal carcinoma. Immunohistological analysis was performed on 28 cases of testicular germ cell tumors to investigate the relationship between SerpinB9 expression in testicular germ cell tumors and the tumor immune environment. SerpinB9 was significantly upregulated in the non-seminoma group and inversely correlated with the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8-positive cells. In addition, yolk sac tumors were characterized by the loss of human leukocyte antigen-class I expression. These findings suggest that SerpinB9 contributes to the immune escape of testicular germ cell tumors. Targeting therapy for SerpinB9 might therefore be useful in immunotherapy for testicular germ cell tumors resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Anami
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ibe
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hirao
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mamoru Harada
- Department of Immunology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takanobu Motoshima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junji Yatsuda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Moulton DE, Aubert-Kato N, Almet AA, Sato A. A multiscale computational framework for the development of spines in molluscan shells. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011835. [PMID: 38427695 PMCID: PMC10936779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
From mathematical models of growth to computer simulations of pigmentation, the study of shell formation has given rise to an abundant number of models, working at various scales. Yet, attempts to combine those models have remained sparse, due to the challenge of combining categorically different approaches. In this paper, we propose a framework to streamline the process of combining the molecular and tissue scales of shell formation. We choose these levels as a proxy to link the genotype level, which is better described by molecular models, and the phenotype level, which is better described by tissue-level mechanics. We also show how to connect observations on shell populations to the approach, resulting in collections of molecular parameters that may be associated with different populations of real shell specimens. The approach is as follows: we use a Quality-Diversity algorithm, a type of black-box optimization algorithm, to explore the range of concentration profiles emerging as solutions of a molecular model, and that define growth patterns for the mechanical model. At the same time, the mechanical model is simulated over a wide range of growth patterns, resulting in a variety of spine shapes. While time-consuming, these steps only need to be performed once and then function as look-up tables. Actual pictures of shell spines can then be matched against the list of existing spine shapes, yielding a potential growth pattern which, in turn, gives us matching molecular parameters. The framework is modular, such that models can be easily swapped without changing the overall working of the method. As a demonstration of the approach, we solve specific molecular and mechanical models, adapted from available theoretical studies on molluscan shells, and apply the multiscale framework to evaluate the characteristics of spines from three distinct populations of Turbo sazae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek E. Moulton
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Axel A. Almet
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Atsuko Sato
- Department of Biology, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Vergari C, Kim Y, Takemoto M, Tokuyasu H, Shimizu Y, Tanaka C, Fukae S, Fujibayashi S, Matsuda S. The relationship between spino-pelvic-hip mobility and quality of life before and after total hip arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2024; 144:1379-1387. [PMID: 37847287 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-05094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Total hip arthroplasty (THA) can significantly improve quality of life (QOL) in patients with hip osteoarthritis. A relationship exists between activity levels and postoperative QOL, but its determinants are not well known. The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between hip, pelvis and lumbar spine mobility and alignment before and after THA with QOL. MATERIAL AND METHODS Consecutive patients with hip arthrosis and an indication for THA were included prospectively between July 2019 and December 2020, and they underwent lateral radiographs in free-standing, extension, relaxed- and flexed-seated position. Spinopelvic and hip parameters were measured, as well as their changes between positions to assess hip, pelvis and lumbar spine mobility. Patients were also administered QOL questionnaires. Data were collected preoperatively and 6 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS Seventy patients were included; QOL significantly increased 6 months after THA (from 18 [10; 27] to 61 [48; 72], p < 0.001). QOL further increased by 10 points or more after 6 months in 18% of patients, while it decreased in 16%. The latter showed higher pelvic range of motion (between flexion and extension) than the former. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that QOL is significantly improved by THA, and that spinopelvic alignment and function can play a role. Future work should elucidate how to better predict postoperative QOL from preoperative patient characteristics to improve patient treatment and establish early postoperative physical therapy for patients who could benefit from postoperative improvement of activity-related QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Vergari
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 151 Bd de L'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Youngwoo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Takemoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Yu Shimizu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chiaki Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gakkentoshi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunya Fukae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Fujibayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Poulsen CS, Yoshida A, Wellbrant TT, Leifsson PS, Skallerup P, Thamsborg SM, Nejsum P. Migratory pattern of zoonotic Toxocara cati and T. canis in experimentally infected pigs. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:587-596. [PMID: 38261158 PMCID: PMC10917876 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over a billion people are infected with Toxocara canis or T. cati, the roundworms of dogs and cats. Historically, T. canis has been considered the main species responsible for human toxocarosis, but as serodiagnosis cannot discriminate between the two species, this remains unresolved. We used pigs as a relevant large animal model for human infection to assess the migratory pattern of T. cati and T. canis. METHODS Pigs were inoculated with T. cati or T. canis eggs or PBS (negative controls) and necropsied 14 or 31 days later. Different organs and tissues were examined for parasites and pathological changes. RESULTS Overall, the two parasite species had a similar migration pattern reaching multiple organs and tissues, including the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and diaphragm. We recovered larvae of both species in the brain, suggesting that T. cati also can cause neurological toxocarosis in humans. Both species induced systemic eosinophilia and histopathological changes in the lungs, livers, and mesenteric lymph nodes. CONCLUSION This study emphasises the importance of T. cati as a zoonotic agent and the need to develop diagnostic methods that can differentiate between sources of infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper Sahl Poulsen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ayako Yoshida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Pall Skuli Leifsson
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Stig Milan Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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27
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Watanabe J, Ichimasa K, Kataoka Y, Miyahara S, Miki A, Yeoh KG, Kawai S, Martínez de Juan F, Machado I, Kotani K, Sata N. Diagnostic Accuracy of Highest-Grade or Predominant Histological Differentiation of T1 Colorectal Cancer in Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2024; 15:e00673. [PMID: 38165075 PMCID: PMC10962900 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment guidelines for colorectal cancer (CRC) suggest 2 classifications for histological differentiation-highest grade and predominant. However, the optimal predictor of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T1 CRC remains unknown. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of the use of highest-grade or predominant differentiation on LNM determination in T1 CRC. METHODS The study protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42023416971) and was published in OSF ( https://osf.io/TMAUN/ ) on April 13, 2023. We searched 5 electronic databases for studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of highest-grade or predominant differentiation to determine LNM in T1 CRC. The outcomes were sensitivity and specificity. We simulated 100 cases with T1 CRC, with an LNM incidence of 11.2%, to calculate the differences in false positives and negatives between the highest-grade and predominant differentiations using a bootstrap method. RESULTS In 42 studies involving 41,290 patients, the differentiation classification had a pooled sensitivity of 0.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.24) and 0.06 (95% CI 0.04-0.09) ( P < 0.0001) and specificity of 0.95 (95% CI 0.93-0.96) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.97-0.99) ( P < 0.0001) for the highest-grade and predominant differentiations, respectively. In the simulation, the differences in false positives and negatives between the highest-grade and predominant differentiations were 3.0% (range 1.6-4.4) and -1.3% (range -2.0 to -0.7), respectively. DISCUSSION Highest-grade differentiation may reduce the risk of misclassifying cases with LNM as negative, whereas predominant differentiation may prevent unnecessary surgeries. Further studies should examine differentiation classification using other predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Katsuro Ichimasa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University, Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Min-iren Asukai Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan
- Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/Public Health, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoko Miyahara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Shigeo Kawai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tochigi Medical Center Shimotsuga, Tochigi-City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Fernando Martínez de Juan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
- Endoscopy Unit, Hospital Quiron Salud, Valencia, Spain
- Medicine, Universidad Cardenal Herrrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isidro Machado
- Pathology Department, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Patologika Laboratory Hospital Quiron Salud and Pathology Department University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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28
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Ayano T, Yokosawa T, Oki M. GTP-dependent regulation of heterochromatin fluctuations at subtelomeric regions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Cells 2024; 29:217-230. [PMID: 38229233 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, single cells in a population display different transcriptional profiles. One of the factors regulating this heterogeneity is the chromatin state in each cell. However, the mechanisms of epigenetic chromatin regulation of specific chromosomal regions remain unclear. Therefore, we used single-cell tracking system to analyze IMD2. IMD2 is located at the subtelomeric region of budding yeast, and its expression is epigenetically regulated by heterochromatin fluctuations. Treatment with mycophenolic acid, an inhibitor of de novo GTP biosynthesis, triggered a decrease in GTP, which caused heterochromatin fluctuations at the IMD2 locus. Interestingly, within individually tracked cells, IMD2 expression state underwent repeated switches even though IMD2 is positioned within the heterochromatin region. We also found that 30% of the cells in a population always expressed IMD2. Furthermore, the addition of nicotinamide, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, or guanine, the GTP biosynthesis factor in salvage pathway of GTP biosynthesis, regulated heterogeneity, resulting in IMD2 expression being uniformly induced or suppressed in the population. These results suggest that gene expression heterogeneity in the IMD2 region is regulated by changes in chromatin structure triggered by slight decreases in GTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Ayano
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Research Fellowships of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Yokosawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masaya Oki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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29
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Suetsugu K, Nakamura Y, Nakano T, Tagane S. Relictithismia kimotsukiensis, a new genus and species of Thismiaceae from southern Japan with discussions on its phylogenetic relationship. J Plant Res 2024:10.1007/s10265-024-01532-5. [PMID: 38421521 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The family Thismiaceae, known as "fairy lanterns" for their urn- or bell-shaped flowers with basally fused tepals, consists of non-photosynthetic flowering monocots mainly in tropical regions, extending into subtropical and temperate areas. Here, we propose a new mycoheterotrophic genus, Relictithismia Suetsugu & Tagane (Thismiaceae), with its monotypic species Relictithismia kimotsukiensis Suetsugu, Yas.Nakam. & Tagane from Kimotsuki Mountains in the Osumi Peninsula, Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu Island, southern Japan. Relictithismia resembles Haplothismia Airy Shaw in having a cluster of tuberous roots, a feature previously observed only in this genus within the family Thismiaceae. However, it differs in having solitary flowers (vs. 2-6-flowered pseudo-raceme in Haplothismia), anther thecae largely separated (vs. connate), and the presence of an annulus (vs. absent). Additionally, Relictithismia differs from the geographically overlapping genus Thismia Griff. in its stamen structure and the position of the annulus. In Relictithismia, the stamens lack connectives, and its free filaments arise from the annulus located inside the perianth mouth, while in Thismia, the stamens typically have connate connectives, forming a staminal tube pendulous from the annulus located at the mouth of the floral tube. Our morphological and phylogenetic data indicated that R. kimotsukiensis holds an early-diverging position within the family, situated outside the Old World Thismia clade. This paper offers an extensive description and color photographs of R. kimotsukiensis, complemented by notes on its phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
- Institute for Advanced Research, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
| | | | - Takafumi Nakano
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Tagane
- Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1-21-30, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
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30
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Wakizaka M, Gupta S, Wan Q, Takaishi S, Noro H, Sato K, Yamashita M. Spin qubits of Cu(II) doped in Zn(II) metal-organic frameworks above microsecond phase memory time. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304202. [PMID: 38146235 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of creating Cu(II) spin qubits in a rigid metal-organic framework (MOF), this work demonstrates a doping of 5 %, 2 %, 1 %, and 0.1 % mol of Cu(II) ions into a perovskite-type MOF [CH6 N3 ][ZnII (HCOO)3 ]. The presence of dopant Cu(II) sites are confirmed with anisotropic g-factors (gx =2.07, gy =2.12, and gz =2.44) in the S=1/2 system by experimentally and theoretically. Magnetic dynamics indicate the occurrence of a slow magnetic relaxation via the direct and Raman processes under an applied field, with a relaxation time (τ) of 3.5 ms (5 % Cu), 9.2 ms (2 % Cu), and 15 ms (1 % Cu) at 1.8 K. Furthermore, pulse-ESR spectroscopy reveals spin qubit properties with a spin-spin relaxation (phase memory) time (T2 ) of 0.21 μs (2 %Cu), 0.39 μs (1 %Cu), and 3.0 μs (0.1 %Cu) at 10 K as well as Rabi oscillation between MS =±1/2 spin sublevels. T2 above microsecond is achieved for the first time in the Cu(II)-doped MOFs. It can be observed at submicrosecond around 50 K. These spin relaxations are very sensitive to the magnetic dipole interactions relating with cross-relaxation between the Cu(II) sites and can be tuned by adjusting the dopant concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Wakizaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, 758-65 Bibi, Chitose, 066-8655, Japan
| | - Shraddha Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Qingyun Wan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Shinya Takaishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Honoka Noro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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Honda T, Ogata D, Tsurui M, Yoshida S, Sato S, Muraoka T, Kitagawa Y, Hasegawa Y, Yuasa J, Oguri H. Rapid Synthesis of Chiral Figure-Eight Macrocycles Using a Preorganized Natural Product-Based Scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318548. [PMID: 38169344 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Chiral D2 -symmetric figure-eight shaped macrocycles are promising scaffolds for amplifying the chiroptical properties of π-conjugated systems. By harnessing the inherent and adaptable conformational dynamics of a chiral C2 -symmetric bispyrrolidinoindoline (BPI) manifold, we developed an enantio-divergent modular synthetic platform to rapidly generate a diverse range of chiral macrocycles, spanning from 14- to 66-membered rings, eliminating the need for optical resolution. Notably, a 32-membered figure-eight macrocycle showed excellent circularly polarized luminescence (CPL: |glum |=1.1×10-2 ) complemented by a robust emission quantum yield (Φfl =0.74), to achieve outstanding CPL brightness (BCPL : ϵ×Φfl ×|glum |/2=480). Using quadruple Sonogashira couplings, this versatile synthetic platform enables precise adjustments of the angle, distance, and length among intersecting π-conjugated chromophores. Our synthetic strategy offers a streamlined and systematic approach to significantly enhance BCPL values for a variety of chiral D2 -symmetric figure-eight macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Honda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daiji Ogata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Tsurui
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, FS CREATION, Mitsui LINK Lab Kashiwanoha 1, 6-6-2, Kashiwa, Chiba 227-0882, Japan
| | - Sota Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, FS CREATION, Mitsui LINK Lab Kashiwanoha 1, 6-6-2, Kashiwa, Chiba 227-0882, Japan
- Division of Advanced Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takahiro Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitagawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Hasegawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroki Oguri
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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32
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Ronse De Craene LP. The interaction between heterochrony and mechanical forces as main driver of floral evolution. J Plant Res 2024:10.1007/s10265-024-01526-3. [PMID: 38407783 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Heterochrony acts as a fundamental process affecting the early development of organisms in creating a subtle shift in the timing of initiation or the duration of a developmental process. In flowers this process is linked with mechanical forces that cause changes in the interaction of neighbouring floral organs by altering the timing and rate of initiation of organs. Heterochrony leads to a delay or acceleration of the development of neighbouring primordia, inducing a change in the morphospace of the flowers. As changes in the timing of development may affect organs differently at different stages of development, these shifts eventually lead to major morphological changes such as altered organ positions, fusions, or organ reductions with profound consequences for floral evolution and the diversification of flowers. By concentrating on early developmental stages in flowers it is possible to understand how heterochrony is responsible for shifts in organ position and the establishment of a novel floral Bauplan. However, it remains difficult to separate heterochrony as a process from pattern, as both are intimately linked. Therefore it is essential to connect different patterns in flowers through the process of developmental change.Examples illustrating the importance of heterochronic shifts affecting different organs of the flower are presented and discussed. These cover the transition from inflorescence to flower through the interaction of bracts and bracteoles, the pressure exercised by the perianth on the androecium and gynoecium, the inversed influence of stamens on petals, and the centrifugal influence of carpels on the androecium. Different processes are explored, including the occurrence of obdiplostemony, the onset of common primordia, variable carpel positions, and organ reduction and loss.
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Tan CM, Fukui N, Takada K, Maeda H, Selezneva E, Bourgès C, Masunaga H, Sasaki S, Tsukagoshi K, Mori T, Sirringhaus H, Nishihara H. Lateral Heterometal Junction Rectifier Fabricated by Sequential Transmetallation of Coordination Nanosheet. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318181. [PMID: 38179847 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Heterostructures of two-dimensional materials realise novel and enhanced physical phenomena, making them attractive research targets. Compared to inorganic materials, coordination nanosheets have virtually infinite combinations, leading to tunability of physical properties and are promising candidates for heterostructure fabrication. Although stacking of coordination materials into vertical heterostructures is widely reported, reports of lateral coordination material heterostructures are few. Here we show the successful fabrication of a seamless lateral heterojunction showing diode behaviour, by sequential and spatially limited immersion of a new metalladithiolene coordination nanosheet, Zn3 BHT, into aqueous Cu(II) and Fe(II) solutions. Upon immersion, the Zn centres in insulating Zn3 BHT are replaced by Cu or Fe ions, resulting in conductivity. The transmetallation is spatially confined, occurring only within the immersed area. We anticipate that our results will be a starting point towards exploring transmetallation of various two-dimensional materials to produce lateral heterojunctions, by providing a new and facile synthetic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Meng Tan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278 8510, Japan
| | - Naoya Fukui
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278 8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Takada
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278 8510, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Maeda
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278 8510, Japan
| | - Ekaterina Selezneva
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278 8510, Japan
- WPI International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Cédric Bourgès
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, (Japan)
| | - Sono Sasaki
- Faculty of Fiber Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Matsugasaki Hashikami-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
- WPI International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takao Mori
- WPI International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Henning Sirringhaus
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278 8510, Japan
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Nagai K, Barraclough K, Matsuo N, Ueda A, Kuno T, Shishido K, Koda Y. A survey of environmental sustainability in Japanese dialysis facilities. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s10157-024-02463-0. [PMID: 38402498 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dialysis practice has a particularly high environmental impact, including responsible for carbon emissions and climate change. Insufficient research has been conducted on environmental sustainability activities in dialysis therapy in Japan. METHODS We conducted an online Green Survey comprising 30 question items based on a previously conducted survey in Australia. Between August and September 2023, this was sent to members of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, including hospital and clinic physicians, working across 885 dialysis facilities in Japan. RESULTS In total, 255 (29%) facilities responded to the survey. More than half of the facilities (n = 157; 61.6%) responded that they did not have a strategy, policy, or action plan for environmental sustainability. In four-fifths of the facilities (n = 208; 81.6%), no "green team" or committee had been formed to promote environmental protection. By contrast, most of the surveyed facilities had emergency strategies for natural disasters, such as covering for patient visits and staff commuting during extreme weather conditions (n = 169; 66.3%), water shortages (n = 159; 62.4%), and power outages (n = 188; 73.7%). CONCLUSIONS Following the UK, Australia and New Zealand, and Portugal, this is the fourth Green Survey to be conducted, and the first on environmental sustainability among kidney health-care providers in Japan. The results indicated that daily activities for environmental protection are still lacking at many facilities, even though the management of dialysis treatment during a natural disaster is well conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nagai
- Department of Nephrology, Hitachi General Hospital, 2-1-1 Jonan-Cho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 317-0077, Japan.
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | | | - Nanae Matsuo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- Hitachi Kidney Disease and Lifestyle Related Diseases Clinic Tanpopo, Hitachi, Japan
| | | | | | - Yutaka Koda
- Koda Medical and Dialysis Clinic, Niigata, Japan
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Nakayama T, Yamamoto J, Ozeki T, Tokoroyama S, Mori Y, Hori M, Tsujita M, Shirasawa Y, Takeda A, Kondo C, Murata M, Suzuki S, Kinoshita Y, Fukuda M, Ueki T, Ikehara N, Sugiura M, Goto T, Hashimoto H, Yajima K, Maruyama S, Koyama H, Morozumi K, Seo Y. Impact of an angulated aorto-septal relationship on cardio-cerebrovascular outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298637. [PMID: 38394305 PMCID: PMC10890729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic and valvular calcification are well-known risk factors for cardio-cerebrovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis. We investigated the clinical impact of an angulated aorto-septal angle as a result of aortic elongation due to aortic calcification on cardio-cerebrovascular outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis. We investigated 306 patients (mean age 65.4 years, 68% male) who underwent pre-scheduled routine echocardiography between April and September 2018. The angle between the anterior wall of the aorta and the ventricular septal surface (ASA) was quantified. We determined aortic and mitral valve calcification scores based on calcified cardiac changes; the aortic and mitral valve scores ranged between 0-9 and 0-6, respectively. The primary endpoint was a composite including cardio-cerebrovascular events and cardio-cerebrovascular death. The mean duration of dialysis among the patients in this analysis was 9.6 years. The primary endpoint was observed in 54 patients during the observational period (median 1095 days). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses identified left ventricular ejection fraction (per 10% increase: hazard ratio [HR] 0.67; 95% confidential interval [CI] 0.53-0.84, P = 0.001), left ventricular mass index (per 10 g/m2 increase: HR 1.14; 95% CI 1.05-1.24, P = 0.001), ASA (per 10 degree increase: HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.54-0.88; P = 0.003), and aortic valve calcification score (HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.04-1.26, P = 0.005) as independent determinants of the primary endpoint. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a higher incidence of the primary endpoint in patients with ASA <119.4 degrees than those with ASA ≥119.4 degrees (Log-rank P < 0.001). An angulated aorto-septal angle is an independent risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular events and cardio-cerebrovascular death in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Nakayama
- Department of Cardiology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junki Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ozeki
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiko Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mayuko Hori
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Tsujita
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shirasawa
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Asami Takeda
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chika Kondo
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Minako Murata
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuko Kinoshita
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michio Fukuda
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Ueki
- Department of Urology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ikehara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masato Sugiura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Goto
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroya Hashimoto
- Clinical Research Management Center, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yajima
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroichi Koyama
- Department of General Medicine, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kunio Morozumi
- Department of Nephrology, Masuko Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Seo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Taniguchi S, Marumoto K, Kajiyama Y, Revankar G, Inoue M, Yamamoto H, Kayano R, Mizuta E, Takahashi R, Shirahata E, Saeki C, Ozono T, Kimura Y, Ikenaka K, Mochizuki H. The validation of a Japanese version of the New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (NFOG-Q). Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07405-y. [PMID: 38383749 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (NFOG-Q) and investigate its validity and reliability. METHODS After translating the NFOG-Q according to a standardised protocol, 56 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) were administered it. Additionally, the MDS-UPDRS parts II and III, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, and number of falls over 1 month were evaluated. Spearman's correlation coefficients (rho) were used to determine construct validity, and Cronbach's alpha (α) was used to examine reliability. RESULTS The interquartile range of the NFOG-Q scores was 10.0-25.3 (range 0-29). The NFOG-Q scores were strongly correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part II, items 2.12 (walking and balance), 2.13 (freezing), 3.11 (freezing of gait), and 3.12 (postural stability) and the postural instability and gait difficulty score (rho = 0.515-0.669), but only moderately related to the MDS-UPDRS item 3.10 (gait), number of falls, disease duration, H&Y stage, and time of the Timed Up-and-Go test (rho = 0.319-0.434). No significant correlations were observed between age and the time of the 10-m walk test. The internal consistency was excellent (α = 0.96). CONCLUSIONS The Japanese version of the NFOG-Q is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the severity of freezing in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seira Taniguchi
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kohei Marumoto
- Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, 1-7-1 Koto, Shingu-Cho, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kajiyama
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gajanan Revankar
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michiko Inoue
- Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, 1-7-1 Koto, Shingu-Cho, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, 1-7-1 Koto, Shingu-Cho, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Rika Kayano
- Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, 1-7-1 Koto, Shingu-Cho, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Eiji Mizuta
- Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, 1-7-1 Koto, Shingu-Cho, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Takahashi
- Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, 1-7-1 Koto, Shingu-Cho, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Emi Shirahata
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chizu Saeki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozono
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ikenaka
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Lin Z, Li M, Yoshioka R, Oyama R, Kabe R. Oxygen-Tolerant Near-Infrared Organic Long-Persistent Luminescent Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314500. [PMID: 38155606 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials exhibiting long-lasting emission in the near infrared are expected to have applications in bio-imaging and other areas. Although room temperature phosphorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence display long-lived emission of approximately one minute, organic long-persistent luminescence (OLPL) systems with a similar emission mechanism to inorganic persistent emitters can emit for several hours at room temperature. In particular OLPL with a hole-diffusion mechanism can function even in the presence of oxygen. However, ionic materials lack long-term stability in neutral organic host owing to aggregation and phase separation. In this study, we synthesized polymers with stable near-infrared persistent luminescence at room temperature via the copolymerization of electron donors and acceptors. The copolymers exhibit long-persistent luminescence (LPL) at temperatures below the glass transition temperature and can be excited by approximately the entire range of visible light. LPL properties and spectra can be controlled by the dopant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesen Lin
- Organic Optoelectronics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Maosheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Rengo Yoshioka
- Organic Optoelectronics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ryoko Oyama
- Organic Optoelectronics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ryota Kabe
- Organic Optoelectronics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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38
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Tsukamoto M, Nabeshima T, Wang KY, Mano Y, Arakawa D, Okada Y, Yamanaka Y, Okimoto N, Sakai A. The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on bone strength. J Bone Miner Metab 2024:10.1007/s00774-024-01496-5. [PMID: 38326630 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-024-01496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lifestyle-related disease that develops in middle-aged and older adults, often due to smoking habits, and has been noted to cause bone fragility. COPD is a risk factor for osteoporosis and fragility fracture, and a high prevalence of osteoporosis and incidence of vertebral fractures have been shown in patients with COPD. Findings of lung tissue analysis in patients with COPD are primarily emphysema with a loss of alveolar septal walls, and the severity of pulmonary emphysema is negatively correlated with thoracic spine bone mineral density (BMD). On the other hand, epidemiological studies on COPD and fracture risk have reported a BMD-independent increase in fracture risk; however, verification in animal models and human bone biopsy samples has been slow, and the essential pathogenesis has not been elucidated. The detailed pathological/molecular mechanisms of musculoskeletal complications in patients with COPD are unknown, and basic research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms. This paper discusses the impacts of COPD on bone strength, focusing on findings in animal models in terms of bone microstructure, bone metabolic dynamics, and material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Nabeshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Ke-Yong Wang
- Shared-Use Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yosuke Mano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Daisuke Arakawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Okimoto
- Okimoto Clinic, 185-4 Kubi, Yutaka-Machi, Kure, Hiroshima, 734-0304, Japan
| | - Akinori Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
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Zhao S, Li L, Komohara Y, Matsubara E, Shinchi Y, Adawy A, Yano H, Pan C, Fujiwara Y, Ikeda K, Suzu S, Hibi T, Suzuki M. IL-32 production from lung adenocarcinoma cells is potentially involved in immunosuppressive microenvironment. Med Mol Morphol 2024:10.1007/s00795-023-00378-5. [PMID: 38316697 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted from several kinds of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the significance of IL-32 in lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analysis. IL-32 was positive in cancer cells of 21 cases (9.2%) of total 228 cases. Increased IL-32 gene expression was linked to worse clinical course in TCGA analysis, however, IL-32 expression in immunohistochemistry was not associated to clinical course in our cohort. It was also found that high IL-32 expression was seen in cases with increased lymphocyte infiltration. In vitro studies indicated that IFN-γ induced gene expression of IL-32 and PD1-ligands in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. IL-32, especially IL-32β, also induced overexpression of PD1-ligands in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Additionally, Cancer-cell-derived IL-32 was elevated by stimulation with anticancer agents. In conclusion, IL-32 potentially induced by inflammatory conditions and anticancer therapy and contribute to immune escape of cancer cells via development the immunosuppressive microenvironment. IL-32 might be a target molecule for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukang Zhao
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Eri Matsubara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shinchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ahmad Adawy
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Koei Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Yamaguchi C, Kiyota N, Takahashi N, Takeda Y, Omodaka K, Tsuda S, Nakazawa T. Factors associated with intrachoroidal cavitation and sinkhole formation in eyes with glaucomatous visual-field defects. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:557-566. [PMID: 37792069 PMCID: PMC10844383 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate factors associated with intrachoroidal cavitation (ICC) and sinkhole formation in eyes with glaucomatous visual-field defects. METHODS This retrospective, cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 2808 eyes of 1482 patients who were diagnosed/treated for glaucoma and underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT). We first determined the prevalence of ICCs and sinkholes and their locations. Next, we selected one eye from each patient and compared the clinical characteristics of eyes with and without ICCs. Finally, in eyes with ICCs, we compared the clinical characteristics of eyes with and without sinkholes. Blood flow (BF), represented by laser speckle flowgraphy-measured tissue-area mean blur rate (MBR), was measured in the temporal optic nerve head (ONH), temporal peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy (PPA) zone, and in the ICC zone. ICC area and angle were analyzed in OCT en-face images. Mean deviation and total deviation in the central area (TD-central) were measured with Humphrey visual-field testing. RESULTS A total of 86 eyes (3.1%) had ICCs and 52 eyes (1.9%) had sinkholes. ICC eyes had a lower spherical equivalent and longer axial length (AL) than non-ICC eyes (P < 0.05). Patients with eyes with sinkholes were more elderly and had worse best-corrected visual acuity, worse TD-central, a larger ICC, and lower tissue-area MBR in the temporal ONH, temporal PPA zone, and ICC zone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In eyes with glaucoma, AL elongation might be linked to ICC formation. Sinkhole formation might be associated with ICC enlargement, impaired ocular BF, and impaired retinal structure and function involving the central area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoki Kiyota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoko Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kazuko Omodaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Satoru Tsuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Retinal Disease Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Hashimoto N, Nagata R, Han KH, Wakagi M, Ishikawa-Takano Y, Fukushima M. Involvement of the vagus nerve and hepatic gene expression in serum adiponectin concentrations in mice. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:99-112. [PMID: 37837567 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Several humoral factors, such as adiponectin and urate, have been suggested to affect metabolic syndromes. Previously, we reported a reduction in blood adiponectin concentrations after a high-fructose diet partially via the vagus nerve in rats. Although a lithogenic diet (LD), i.e., supplementation of a normal control diet (CT) with 0.6% cholesterol and 0.2% sodium cholate, reduced blood adiponectin concentrations, the involvement of the vagus nerve in this mechanism remains unclear. To estimate the involvement of the vagus nerve in the regulation of blood adiponectin concentrations using an LD, male imprinting control region mice that had been vagotomized (HVx) or only laparotomized (Sham) were administered a CT or an LD for 10 weeks. Serum adiponectin concentrations in the Sham-LD, HVx-CT, and HVx-LD groups were reduced by half compared with the Sham-CT group. The hepatic mRNA levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21), which reportedly stimulates adiponectin secretion from white adipose tissue, were lower in the LD groups compared with the CT groups. HepG2 hepatoma cells showed that various bile acids reduced the mRNA expression of FGF21. Moreover, the LD increased serum urate concentrations and reduced hepatic expressions of the acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1) mRNA and glucokinase, suggesting insufficient regeneration of ATP from AMP. In conclusion, serum adiponectin concentration may be regulated via the vagus nerve in normal mice, whereas a reduction of hepatic Fgf21 mRNA by bile acids may also lower serum adiponectin levels. Moreover, the LD may promote hepatic AMP accumulation and subsequently increase the serum urate concentration in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Hashimoto
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
- Division of Food Function Research, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan.
| | - Ryuji Nagata
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Manabu Wakagi
- Division of Food Function Research, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishikawa-Takano
- Division of Food Function Research, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
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Yamashiro SM, Kato T, Matsumoto T. Modeling Long-Term Facilitation of Respiration During Interval Exercise in Humans. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:250-258. [PMID: 37752293 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Long-term facilitation (LTF) of respiration has been mainly initiated by intermittent hypoxia and resultant chemoreceptor stimulation in humans. Comparable levels of chemoreceptor stimulation can occur in combined exercise and carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation and lead to LTF. This possibility was supported by data collected during combined interval exercise and 3% inhaled CO2 in seven normal subjects. These data were further analyzed based on the dynamics involved using mathematical models in this study. Previously estimated peripheral chemoreceptor sensitivity during light exercise (40 W) with air or 3% inhaled CO2 approximately doubled resting sensitivity. Ventilation after a delay increased by 17.0 ± 2.48 L/min (p < 0.001) during recovery following 45% maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text] ) exercise consistent with LTF which exceeded what can be achieved with intermittent hypoxia. Model fitting of the dynamic responses was used to separate neural from chemoreceptor-mediated CO2 responses. Exercise of 45% [Formula: see text] was followed by ventilation augmentation following initial recovery. Augmentation of LTF developed slowly according to second-order dynamics in accordance with plasticity involving a balance between self-excitatory and self-inhibitory neuronal pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley M Yamashiro
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1111, USA.
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Denny Research Center, Room 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1111, USA.
| | - Takahide Kato
- Department of General Education, National Institute of Technology, Toyota College, Toyota, 471-8525, Japan
| | - Takaaki Matsumoto
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota, 470-0393, Japan
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Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal disease characterized pathologically by the widespread occurrence of aggregated α-synuclein in the oligodendrocytes referred to as glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). α-Synuclein aggregates are also found in the oligodendroglial nuclei and neuronal cytoplasm and nuclei. It is uncertain whether the primary source of α-synuclein in GCIs is originated from neurons or oligodendrocytes. Accumulating evidence suggests that there are two degenerative processes in this disease. One possibility is that numerous GCIs are associated with the impairment of oligo-myelin-axon-neuron complex, and the other is that neuronal inclusion pathology is also a primary event from the early stage. Both oligodendrocytes and neurons may be primarily affected in MSA, and the damage of one cell type contributes to the degeneration of the other. Vesicle-mediated transport plays a key role in the nuclear translocation of α-synuclein as well as in the formation of glial and neuronal α-synuclein inclusions. Recent studies have shown that impairment of autophagy can occur along with or as a result of α-synuclein accumulation in the brain of MSA and Lewy body disease. Activated autophagy may be implicated in the therapeutic approach for α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Wakabayashi
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Miki
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tanji
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Mori
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
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Hair M, Yanase R, Moreira-Leite F, Wheeler RJ, Sádlová J, Volf P, Vaughan S, Sunter JD. Whole cell reconstructions of Leishmania mexicana through the cell cycle. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012054. [PMID: 38416776 PMCID: PMC10927142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The unicellular parasite Leishmania has a precisely defined cell architecture that is inherited by each subsequent generation, requiring a highly coordinated pattern of duplication and segregation of organelles and cytoskeletal structures. A framework of nuclear division and morphological changes is known from light microscopy, yet this has limited resolution and the intrinsic organisation of organelles within the cell body and their manner of duplication and inheritance is unknown. Using volume electron microscopy approaches, we have produced three-dimensional reconstructions of different promastigote cell cycle stages to give a spatial and quantitative overview of organelle positioning, division and inheritance. The first morphological indications seen in our dataset that a new cell cycle had begun were the assembly of a new flagellum, the duplication of the contractile vacuole and the increase in volume of the nucleus and kinetoplast. We showed that the progression of the cytokinesis furrow created a specific pattern of membrane indentations, while our analysis of sub-pellicular microtubule organisation indicated that there is likely a preferred site of new microtubule insertion. The daughter cells retained these indentations in their cell body for a period post-abscission. By comparing cultured and sand fly derived promastigotes, we found an increase in the number and overall volume of lipid droplets in the promastigotes from the sand fly, reflecting a change in their metabolism to ensure transmissibility to the mammalian host. Our insights into the cell cycle mechanics of Leishmania will support future molecular cell biology analyses of these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Hair
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ryuji Yanase
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Flávia Moreira-Leite
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard John Wheeler
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jovana Sádlová
- Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Volf
- Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sue Vaughan
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Daniel Sunter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kurumada S, Yamanashi R, Sugita K, Kubota K, Ito H, Ikemoto S, Chen C, Moriyama T, Muratsugu S, Tada M, Koitaya T, Ozaki T, Yamashita M. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Non-Solvated Dialkylalumanyl Anion and XPS Characterization of Al(I) and Al(II) Species. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303073. [PMID: 38018466 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A non-solvated alkyl-substituted Al(I) anion dimer was synthesized by a reduction of haloalumane precursor using a mechanochemical method. The crystallographic and theoretical analysis revealed its structure and electronic properties. Experimental XPS analysis of the Al(I) anions with reference compounds revealed the lower Al 2p binding energy corresponds to the lower oxidation state of Al species. It should be emphasized that the experimentally obtained XPS binding energies were reproduced by delta SCF calculations and were linearly correlated with NPA charges and 2p orbital energies.
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Grants
- 21H01915 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22H00335 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20H04808 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23H01973 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JPMJCR19R1 Japan Science and Technology Corporation
- JPMJFR201I Japan Science and Technology Corporation
- 202115731 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London
- 22J23885 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kurumada
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Yamanashi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kengo Sugita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Kubota
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, 060-8628, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, 060-8628, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, 060-8628, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, 060-8628, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoru Ikemoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chaoqi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takumi Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Muratsugu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8602, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mizuki Tada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8602, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8602, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takanori Koitaya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taisuke Ozaki
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, 277-8581, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8602, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Kojima Y, Tanaka M, Sasaki M, Ozeki K, Shimura T, Kubota E, Kataoka H. Induction of ferroptosis by photodynamic therapy and enhancement of antitumor effect with ferroptosis inducers. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:81-94. [PMID: 37947872 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective tumor treatment that involves the administration of a photosensitizer to generate cytotoxic 1O2 [reactive oxygen species (ROS)] from molecular oxygen that is produced from energy absorption following tumor irradiation at specific wavelengths. Ferroptosis is induced by the disruption of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) antioxidant system, leading to lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that talaporfin sodium-photodynamic therapy (TS-PDT)-generated ROS would lead to ferroptosis via accumulation of lipid peroxidation. METHODS Cell viability assay in TS-PDT-treated cells in combination with a ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1: Fer-1) or ferroptosis inducers (imidazole ketone erastin: IKE, Ras-selective lethal 3: RSL3) was performed. Accumulation of lipid peroxidation, GPX4 antioxidant system and cystine/glutamate antiporter (system xc-) activity in TS-PDT-treated cells was investigated. In xenograft mice, the antitumor effect of TS-PDT in combination with ferroptosis inducers (IKE or sorafenib) was examined. RESULTS TS-PDT-induced cell death was partly suppressed by Fer-1 and accompanied by lipid peroxidation. TS-PDT combined with IKE or RSL3 enhanced the induction of cell death. TS-PDT inhibited cystine uptake activity via system xc-. In vivo, the combination of TS-PDT and ferroptosis inducers (IKE or sorafenib) reduced tumor volume. CONCLUSION This study found that the mechanism underlying TS-PDT-induced ferroptosis constitutes direct lipid peroxidation by the generated ROS, and the inhibition of system xc-, and that the combination of a ferroptosis inducer with TS-PDT enhances the antitumor effect of TS-PDT. Our findings suggest that ferroptosis-inducing therapies combined with PDT may benefit cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Makiko Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Keiji Ozeki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
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Nozoe M, Kubo H, Yamamoto M, Ikeji R, Seike H, Majima K, Shimada S. Muscle weakness is more strongly associated with functional outcomes in patients with stroke than sarcopenia or muscle wasting: an observational study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:4. [PMID: 38261059 PMCID: PMC10806041 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02672-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke-related sarcopenia is an important prognosis factor and an intervention target for improving outcomes in patients with stroke. AIM This study aimed to identify the association between sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, muscle weakness, muscle mass and calf circumference, and the functional outcomes 3 months after stroke. METHODS In this single-centre prospective observational study, muscle strength, muscle mass, and calf circumference were measured in patients with acute stroke at hospital discharge. Diagnosis of sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, muscle weakness, low muscle mass, and low calf circumference were defined according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. The primary outcome measure was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 months, with an mRS score of 3 or higher indicating a poor outcome. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine independent associations between each assessment and functional outcomes. RESULTS A total of 247 patients (median age: 73 years) were included in this study. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 28% (n = 70), and in the adjusted model, sarcopenia (aOR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.07-6.31, p = 0.034), muscle weakness (aOR = 3.40, 95% CI 1.36-8.52, p = 0.009), and low muscle mass (aOR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.04-6.52) were significantly associated with poor functional outcome. Nevertheless, other evaluations did not demonstrate an independent association with the outcome. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia, muscle weakness, and low muscle mass were found to be independently associated with functional outcomes 3 months after stroke, and muscle weakness exhibited the strongest association with outcomes among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Nozoe
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, 18-89 Uyamahigashicho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kubo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miho Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nishiyamato Rehabilitation Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Rio Ikeji
- Department of Rehabilitation, Itami Kousei Neurosurgical Hospital, Itami, Japan
| | - Haruka Seike
- Department of Rehabilitation, Itami Kousei Neurosurgical Hospital, Itami, Japan
| | - Kazuki Majima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Itami Kousei Neurosurgical Hospital, Itami, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shimada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Itami Kousei Neurosurgical Hospital, Itami, Japan
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Matsumoto K. Toward the production of block copolymers in microbial cells: achievements and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:164. [PMID: 38252290 PMCID: PMC10803391 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers has attracted research interests because they can be expected to exhibit excellent physical properties. Although post-polymerization conjugation and/or extension have been used for PHA block copolymer synthesis, the discovery of the first sequence-regulating PHA synthase, PhaCAR, enabled the direct synthesis of PHA-PHA type block copolymers in microbial cells. PhaCAR spontaneously synthesizes block copolymers from a mixture of substrates. To date, Escherichia coli and Ralstonia eutropha have been used as host strains, and therefore, sequence regulation is not a host-specific phenomenon. The monomer sequence greatly influences the physical properties of the polymer. For example, a random copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 2-hydroxybutyrate deforms plastically, while a block copolymer of approximately the same composition exhibits elastic deformation. The structure of the PHA block copolymer can be expanded by in vitro evolution of the sequence-regulating PHA synthase. An engineered variant of PhaCAR can synthesize poly(D-lactate) as a block copolymer component, which allows for greater flexibility in the molecular design of block copolymers. Therefore, creating sequence-regulating PHA synthases with a further broadened substrate range will expand the variety of properties of PHA materials. This review summarizes and discusses the sequence-regulating PHA synthase, analytical methods for verifying block sequence, properties of block copolymers, and mechanisms of sequence regulation. KEY POINTS: • Spontaneous monomer sequence regulation generates block copolymers • Poly(D-lactate) segment can be synthesized using a block copolymerization system • Block copolymers exhibit characteristic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken'ichiro Matsumoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kitaku, Sapporo, N13W8060-8628, Japan.
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Yamabayashi T, Horii Y, Li ZY, Yamashita M. Magnetic Relaxations of Chromium Nitride Porphyrinato Complexes Driven by the Anisotropic g-Factor. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303082. [PMID: 37880199 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecule-based magnetic materials are useful candidates as the spin qubit due to their long coherence time and high designability. The anisotropy of the g-values of the metal complexes can be utilized to access the individual spin of the metal complexes, making it possible to achieve the scalable molecular spin qubit. For this goal, it is important to evaluate the effect of g-value anisotropy on the magnetic relaxation behaviour. This study reports the slow magnetic relaxation behaviour of chromium nitride (CrN2+ ) porphyrinato complex (1), which is structurally and magnetically similar with the vanadyl (VO2+ ) porphyrinato complex (2) which is known as the excellent spin qubit. Detailed analyses for vibrational and dynamical magnetism of 1 and 2 revealed that g-value anisotropy accelerates magnetic relaxations greater than the internal magnetic field from nuclear spin does. These results provide a design criterion for construction of multiple spin qubit based on g-tensor engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Yamabayashi
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoji Horii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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Yamaguchi S, Kiyohira D, Tada K, Kawakami T, Miura A, Mitsudome T, Mizugaki T. Nickel Carbide Nanoparticle Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines. Chemistry 2024:e202303573. [PMID: 38179895 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Despite its unique physicochemical properties, the catalytic application of nickel carbide (Ni3 C) in organic synthesis is rare. In this study, we report well-defined nanocrystalline Ni3 C (nano-Ni3 C) as a highly active catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines. The activity of the aluminum-oxide-supported nano-Ni3 C (nano-Ni3 C/Al2 O3 ) catalyst surpasses that of Ni nanoparticles. Various aromatic and aliphatic nitriles and dinitriles were successfully converted to the corresponding primary amines under mild conditions (1 bar H2 pressure). Furthermore, the nano-Ni3 C/Al2 O3 catalyst was reusable and applicable to gram-scale experiments. Density functional theory calculations suggest the formation of polar hydrogen species on the nano-Ni3 C surface, which were attributed to the high activity of nano-Ni3 C towards nitrile hydrogenation. This study demonstrates the utility of metal carbides as a new class of catalysts for liquid-phase organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yamaguchi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daiki Kiyohira
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kohei Tada
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy (RIECEN), Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan
| | - Taiki Kawakami
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Akira Miura
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 333-0012, Japan
| | - Takato Mitsudome
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 333-0012, Japan
| | - Tomoo Mizugaki
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
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