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Hanzawa M, Morimitsu Y, Owusu EH, Suu-Ire RD, Nakagawa N. Rushing for "burned" food: Why and how does a group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) reach freshly burned areas? Primates 2024; 65:103-113. [PMID: 38319464 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Recently, considerable attention has been paid to animal adaptations to anthropogenic environments, such as foraging in burned areas where plants are promoted to regenerate by anthropogenic burning. However, among primates, reports on the utilization of resources that are available immediately after burning have been limited to a few primate species. In this study, we investigated and compared the activity budgets and food categories of a group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in freshly burned areas by comparing them with those in previously burned areas and unburned areas. We also assessed the proportion of time spent in the freshly burned area before and after the fire: GPS collars were fitted to five of the six adults in the group, and their patterns when they traveled toward freshly burned and unburned feeding areas were compared. Patas monkeys spent more time in freshly burned areas after the fire, and they visited such areas mostly for feeding, particularly on roasted seeds of Cissus populnea. Furthermore, patas monkeys traveled faster and in a more synchronized way toward freshly burned areas. This "apparent goal-directed" travel began at least 1 h before arriving. Results indicate that the group recognized freshly burned areas as valuable, and the monkeys were able to travel in a goal-directed manner to them despite their variable locations. We suggest that smoke from freshly burned areas provides a visual cue with which to orient to the burned areas. Our results also support the notion that some primates are flexible enough to adapt to and benefit from anthropogenic environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Hanzawa
- Human Evolution Studies, Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Morimitsu
- Wildlife Management Research Center, Hyogo / Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, Tanba, Japan
| | - Erasmus H Owusu
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Naofumi Nakagawa
- Human Evolution Studies, Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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2
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Kazahari N, Inoue E, Nakagawa N, Kawamoto Y, Uno T, Inoue-Murayama M. Genetic effects of demographic bottleneck and recovery in Kinkazan Island and mainland populations of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Primates 2023; 64:239-246. [PMID: 36806706 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Populations of Japanese macaques were significantly reduced in most areas from the 1900s to the 1960s and then recovered mainly in the northeastern part of Honshu. A drastic reduction in population size reduces genetic variability through a bottleneck effect. Demographic expansion after the reduction that accumulates new mutations can reduce the bottleneck effects or drive the recovery of genetic variability. We examined the genetic status of a small island population (Kinkazan Island) and a larger mainland population (southern Tohoku) of Japanese macaques that experienced recent demographic bottlenecks and recovery using eight microsatellite loci. The two populations were significantly genetically different from each other. The Kinkazan population exhibited lower genetic variability, remarkable evidence of bottleneck (i.e., significant heterozygosity excess and lower frequency of rare alleles), and a considerably smaller effective population size based on genetic data than based on the current census size. These results indicate that the genetic status has not completely recovered from the demographic bottleneck despite a full recovery in census size on Kinkazan Island. New mutations might rarely have accumulated because of the small carrying capacity of the island. Therefore, the genetic variability of the population would have been restrained by the severe bottleneck size, small carrying capacity, and long-term isolation. On the other hand, the bottleneck effect seems to be limited in the southern Tohoku population considering higher genetic variability, non-significant heterozygosity excess in many mutation conditions, and the highest frequency of rare alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kazahari
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8203, Japan.
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - E Inoue
- Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kawamoto
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Laboratory of Wildlife Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
| | - T Uno
- Tohoku, Monkey and Mammal Management Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - M Inoue-Murayama
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8203, Japan
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3
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Komatsu-Fujii T, Murata T, Adachi E, Kaku Y, Wada T, Nakagawa N, Kosugi S, Uehara T, Kosaki K, Kataoka T, Egawa G, Dainichi T, Kabashima K. Sterile abscesses possibly stem from acantholytic folliculitis in comedonal Darier disease: a case report. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:667-669. [PMID: 33914923 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Komatsu-Fujii
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan
| | - T Murata
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E Adachi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Kaku
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-gun, Japan
| | - T Wada
- Department of Medical Ethics/Medical Genetics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N Nakagawa
- Department of Medical Ethics/Medical Genetics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Kosugi
- Department of Medical Ethics/Medical Genetics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Uehara
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kataoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - G Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Dainichi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-gun, Japan
| | - K Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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MARUYAMA K, Nakagawa N, Hasebe N. SUN-156 APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDODEOXYRIBONUCLEASE 1 (APE1), AN ANTIOXIDANT AND DNA-REPAIR ENZYME, HAS A RENOPROTECTIVE EFFECT DURING KIDNEY INJURY. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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5
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Nakagawa N, Kitani Y, Sakamoto N, Takeuchi T, Hasebe N. 1347Unexpectedly high prevalence of coronary spastic angina in patients with Fabry disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Nakagawa
- Asahikawa Medical University, Division of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Y Kitani
- Asahikawa Medical University, Division of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - N Sakamoto
- Asahikawa Medical University, Division of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - T Takeuchi
- Asahikawa Medical University, Division of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - N Hasebe
- Asahikawa Medical University, Division of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa, Japan
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6
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Yasuda K, Hayashi Y, Yoshida T, Kashiwagi M, Nakagawa N, Michikawa T, Tanaka M, Ando R, Huang A, Hosoya T, McHugh TJ, Kuwahara M, Itohara S. Schizophrenia-like phenotypes in mice with NMDA receptor ablation in intralaminar thalamic nucleus cells and gene therapy-based reversal in adults. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1047. [PMID: 28244984 PMCID: PMC5545645 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In understanding the mechanism of schizophrenia pathogenesis, a significant finding is that drug abuse of phencyclidine or its analog ketamine causes symptoms similar to schizophrenia. Such drug effects are triggered even by administration at post-adolescent stages. Both drugs are N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, leading to a major hypothesis that glutamate hypofunction underlies schizophrenia pathogenesis. The precise region that depends on NMDAR function, however, is unclear. Here, we developed a mouse strain in which NMDARs in the intralaminar thalamic nuclei (ILN) were selectively disrupted. The mutant mice exhibited various schizophrenia-like phenotypes, including deficits in working memory, long-term spatial memory, and attention, as well as impulsivity, impaired prepulse inhibition, hyperlocomotion and hyperarousal. The electroencephalography analysis revealed that the mutant mice had a significantly reduced power in a wide range of frequencies including the alpha, beta and gamma bands, both during wake and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and a modest decrease of gamma power during non-REM sleep. Notably, restoring NMDARs in the adult ILN rescued some of the behavioral abnormalities. These findings suggest that NMDAR dysfunction in the ILN contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia-related disorders. Furthermore, the reversal of inherent schizophrenia-like phenotypes in the adult mutant mice supports that ILN is a potential target site for a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yasuda
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan,Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Local Neuronal Circuits, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Michikawa
- Biotechnological Optics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Tanaka
- Laboratory for Neuron-Glia Circuitry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - R Ando
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - A Huang
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Hosoya
- Laboratory for Local Neuronal Circuits, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - T J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Itohara
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan,Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Neural Circuit Genetics Research Building 102k, 2-1 Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. E-mail;
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7
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Nakagawa N, Derrah EJ, Schelwies M, Rominger F, Trapp O, Schaub T. Triphos derivatives and diphosphines as ligands in the ruthenium-catalysed alcohol amination with NH3. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6856-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04870b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium-triphos and diphosphine-catalysed amination of alcohols with ammonia is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Nakagawa
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa)
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - E. J. Derrah
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa)
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - M. Schelwies
- Synthesis & Homogeneous Catalysis
- BASF SE
- D-67056 Ludwigshafen
- Germany
| | - F. Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - O. Trapp
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - T. Schaub
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa)
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
- Synthesis & Homogeneous Catalysis
- BASF SE
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8
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Motomura H, Matsushita I, Kaneko A, Kanbe K, Arai K, Kuga Y, Abe A, Matsumoto T, Nakagawa N, Nishida K, Kimura T. AB0266 Association of Health Assessment Questionnaire with Range of Motion of Large Joints in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Nakagawa N, Matsubara M, Shimooka Y, Nishikawa M. Embracing in a Wild Group of Yakushima Macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) as an Example of Social Customs. Current Anthropology 2015. [DOI: 10.1086/679448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Motomura H, Matsushita I, Kaneko A, Kanbe K, Arai K, Kuga Y, Abe A, Matsumoto T, Nakagawa N, Nishida K, Kimura T. AB0244 Radiographic Evaluation of Large Joint Damage in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Using ARASHI Scoring Method. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Huffman MA, Nakagawa N, Go Y, Imai H, Tomonaga M. Primate Self-medication and the Treatment of Parasite Infection. SpringerBriefs in Biology 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-54153-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Nakagawa N, Aikawa P, Zhang HZ, Correia C, Pazzeti R, Valente Barbas C, Mauad T, Silva E, Sannomiya P. Effects of low and high tidal volume and pentoxifylline on intestinal blood flow and leukocyte-endothelial interactions in mechanically ventilated rats. Crit Care 2012. [PMCID: PMC3363534 DOI: 10.1186/cc10723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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13
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Yamamoto M, Sakaguchi Y, Itoh M, Nakagawa N, Fukunaga A, Hitomi K, Yamanishi K. Bathing suit ichthyosis with summer exacerbation: a temperature-sensitive case. Br J Dermatol 2011; 166:672-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Tomoike F, Nakagawa N, Masui R, Kuramitsu S. A single amino acid limits the substrate specificity of uridine-cytidine kinase. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311079967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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15
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Watanabe E, Sobue Y, Osaka M, Ozaki Y, Kodama I, Tanabe T, Aizawa Y, Lousinha A, Oliveira M, Silva Cunha P, Nogueira Silva M, Lopes J, Silva S, Carlos I, Cruz Ferreira R, Chiladakis I, Kalogeropoulos A, Koutsogiannis N, Zagkli F, Arvanitis P, Alexopoulos D, Sepsi M, Kadlecova V, Zeman M, Sindler M, Gaillyova R, Vasku A, Kozak M, Krivan L, Talib A, Sato N, Talib A, Nakagawa N, Sakamoto N, Takeuchi T, Kawamura Y, Hasebe N. Non invasive of risk stratification sudden cardiac death. Europace 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eur216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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Jin YH, Kawamura A, Park SC, Nakagawa N, Amaguchi H, Olsson J. Spatiotemporal classification of environmental monitoring data in the Yeongsan River basin, Korea, using self-organizing maps. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:2886-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c1em10132c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Tsuge I, Kondo Y, Nakajima Y, Nakagawa N, Imai K, Nonoyama S, Oshima K, Ohara O, Hatanaka M, Kitano E, Kitamura H, Urisu A. Hyper IgM syndrome and complement Clq deficiency in an individual with systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2010; 28:558-560. [PMID: 20810037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Many immunedeficiency syndromes are associated with autoimmune disorders. We here report on a girl with a systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease who suffered from both hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome (HIGMS) and C1q deficiency. Despite severe central nervous system-lupus like disease, probably due to C1q deficiency, kidney function was relatively spared. IgM autoantibody might play a protective role against lupus-glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tsuge
- Department of Paediatrics, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan.
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18
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Nakagawa N, Shimakawa K, Itoh T, Ikeda Y. Dynamics of principal photoinduced effects in amorphous chalcogenides:In-situsimultaneous measurements of photodarkening, volume changes, and defect creation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200982753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Aghamohammadi A, Imai K, Moazzami K, Abolhassani H, Tabatabaeiyan M, Parvaneh N, Nasiri Kalmarzi R, Nakagawa N, Oshima K, Ohara O, Nonoyama S, Rezaei N. Ataxia-telangiectasia in a patient presenting with hyper-immunoglobulin M syndrome. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2010; 20:442-445. [PMID: 20945614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) and hyper-immunoglobulin M (HIGM) syndrome are both primary immunodeficiency diseases caused by different genetic defects. While a small proportion of AT patients have increased serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M concentrations during the course of a disease, a high level of IgM at onset is rare. We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who had experienced recurrent respiratory infection, cutaneous abscesses, and hepatosplenomegaly since the age of 2 years. She was diagnosed with HIGM based on the results of immunological studies, including low IgG and IgA levels and raised serum IgM concentrations. However, at the age of 4 years, a neurological examination revealed gait disturbance and telangiectatic lesions on the conjunctiva; therefore, a diagnosis of AT was suggested. In spite of regular intravenous immunoglobulin infusions and antimicrobial prophylaxis, the patient experienced several episodes of respiratory infection and eventually died of respiratory failure at the age of 8 years. Further molecular analysis revealed a novel homozygous missense mutation in exon 53 (c.8250C>T, p.2622Ala>Val) of the ATM gene. Patients with AT and the HIGM phenotype may not develop clinical characteristics of AT for some time. While patients with AT and increased serum IgM levels could have a considerably more severe disease course and a shorter survival, IgM levels could be considered a prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Shimada M, Uno T, Nakagawa N, Fujita S, Izawa K. Case study of a one-sided attack by multiple troop members on a nontroop adolescent male and the death of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Aggress Behav 2009; 35:334-41. [PMID: 19431186 DOI: 10.1002/ab.20308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An adolescent wild male Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata), following Kinkazan A troop, was attacked one-sidedly by multiple members of the troop. The victim was identified as PI, and was estimated to be seven+/-one year old. The aggressive interaction was recorded by video camera until the end. Although at least 16 troop members approached PI more than once, only three males (one adult, two adolescents) of A troop attacked him. PI kept crouching throughout the attack, then escaped to the shore and dived into the sea. The interaction continued for more than one hour. PI was found dead a few hours after the end of interaction. The damage caused by the assailants was not the direct cause of PI's death; it was due to hypothermia caused by drifting in the sea. PI's life history was reconstructed from past records. PI was a normal adolescent male who migrated from an all-male group around B1 troop and started ranging around A troop. The aggressive interaction is believed to be a typical example of conflict between troop males and a nontroop male. The interaction period was very long compared with previous reports on such conflicts among Japanese macaques. PI kept crouching in open areas, exposing himself as a potential competitor for the resources of the troop, and did not show any submissive or reconciliatory behavior toward the troop males. This may be why the troop males did not stop the attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shimada
- Department of Animal Sciences, Teikyo University of Science and Technology, Uenohara, Yamanashi, Japan.
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21
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Yoshihara A, Tobina T, Yamaga T, Ayabe M, Yoshitake Y, Kimura Y, Shimada M, Nishimuta M, Nakagawa N, Ohashi M, Hanada N, Tanaka H, Kiyonaga A, Miyazaki H. Physical function is weakly associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in elderly Japanese subjects. Gerontology 2009; 55:387-92. [PMID: 19478476 DOI: 10.1159/000222429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The turning point in the deterioration of physical function seems to occur between the ages of 70 and 80 years. In particular, muscle strength may decline even more in subjects older than 75. A recent study found that the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype also affects physiological left ventricular hypertrophy. A very limited number of papers have examined genetic differences in resistance and endurance forms of a single sporting discipline. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ACE genotype and physical function by controlling the known confounding factors including dental status. METHODS We selected 431 subjects who were aged 76 years and did not require special care for their daily activities. We conducted a medical examination, followed by 5 physical function tests, as follows: (1) maximum hand grip strength, (2) maximal isometric knee extensor strength, (3) maximal stepping rate for 10 s, (4) one-leg standing time with eyes open and (5) 10-meter maximum walking speed. Subjects were genotyped for the ACE intron 16 Alu insertion. In addition, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, total protein, IgA and IgG were measured at a commercial laboratory. The Eichner index was used as an indicator of occlusal condition. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and physical function considering confounding factors. RESULTS The ACE gene I/D polymorphism was positively associated with hand grip strength and 10-meter maximum walking speed. Betas of hand grip strength were 0.09 for I/D (p = 0.022) and 0.12 for insertion/insertion (I/I; p = 0.004). Betas of 10-meter walking speed were -0.11 for I/D (p = 0.093) and -0.14 for I/I (p = 0.039). Dental status such as Eichner index class C was significantly associated with one-leg standing time with eyes open (beta -0.11; p = 0.028). CONCLUSION This study suggests that there is a significant relationship between ACE genotype and physical function. In particular, subjects with the ACE deletion/deletion genotype were associated with upper extremities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yoshihara
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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Abstract
The socio-ecological model predicts that the quality, distribution, and patch size of food resources determines the dominance hierarchy of female monkeys based on the type of food competition they experience. Comparative studies of closely related species have evaluated the socio-ecological model and confirmed its validity. For example, female patas monkeys in Laikipia, Kenya, form a nonlinear and unstable dominance hierarchy (i.e., egalitarian), whereas females of sympatric, closely related savannah monkeys form a linear and stable dominance hierarchy (i.e., despotic), in accordance with the model's predictions of the characteristics of food resources. I compared agonistic interactions involving food between patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and sympatric savannah monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) in Kala Maloue, Cameroon. I found linear dominance hierarchies not only in savannah monkeys, but also in patas monkeys in Kala Maloue. The rates of agonistic interactions during feeding between patas monkeys were equivalent to those between savannah monkeys in Kala Maloue; further, these rates were significantly higher than those of both Laikipia patas and savannah monkeys. The results imply that patas monkeys in Kala Maloue are not egalitarian, but are despotic, similar to savannah monkeys. Disparity in the dominance hierarchies of patas monkeys between Kala Maloue and Laikipia were attributable to the differences in the characteristics of food resources. Although patas monkeys in Laikipia subsist on small and dispersed food resources within a high-density area, those in Kala Maloue subsisted on food resources that were clumped in intermediate-sized patches within a low-density area. This study shows that the socio-ecological model is applicable not only for interspecific comparisons but also for intraspecific comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Human Evolution Studies, Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Yamamoto M, Nakagawa N. The modification of saccadic eye movements during agile pointing movements. Int J Psychophysiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tsuda T, Ishikawa C, Nakagawa N, Konishi H, Tarutani M, Matsuki M, Yamanishi K. A novel point mutation of keratin 17 (KRT17) in a Japanese family with pachyonychia congenita type 2: an RNA-based genetic analysis using a single hair bulb. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159:730-2. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Yoshikawa S, Muramoto K, Nakagawa N, Taniguchi M, Kanda K, Shinzawa-Itoh K, Maeda T, Yamashita E, Tsukihara T. X-ray structure of carbon monoxide at copper site of the dinuclear site of cytochrome coxidase. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308090788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Yamada M, Yoshida H, Nakagawa N, Agari Y, Kanagawa M, Kuramitsu S, Kamitori S. X-ray structure of TTHA1281 from thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308088430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kanagawa M, Baba S, Kawai H, Fukai Y, Inoue Y, Nakagawa N, Ebihara A, Kuramitsu S, Kawai G, Sampei G. Crystal structure of GMP synthetase (GuaA) from T. thermophilus. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kamiya N, Kai K, Nakagawa N, Kuramitsu S, Miyahara I. Reaction pathway of ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase, revealed by time-resolved X-ray crystallography. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ebihara A, Shinkai A, Kanagawa M, Agari Y, Iino H, Kitamura Y, Sakamoto K, Manzoku M, Fukui K, Nakagawa N, Masui R, Hirotsu K, Bessho Y, Terada T, Shirouzu M, Yokoyama S. Structural and functional whole-cell project for the model organism, Thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308088466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kawai G, Kanagawa M, Baba S, Nagira T, Fujimoto Y, Oonishi R, Ito N, Nakagawa N, Ebihara A, Kuramitsu S, Sampei G. Crystal structures of GAR transformylase 1 (PurN) from A. aeolicus, S. toebiiand G. kaustophilus. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Taka H, Tamura S, Tsunoda S, Okada K, Baba S, Kanagawa M, Manzoku M, Utsunomiya Y, Nishida M, Nakagawa N, Ebihara A, Kuramitsu S, Kawai G, Sampei G. Crystal structures of N5-CAIR synthetase (PurK) from A. aeolicus, T. thermophilusand S. tokodaii. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Wakamatsu T, Nakagawa N, Kuramitsu S, Masui R. Structural basis for different substrate specificities of two ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sampei G, Baba S, Kanagawa M, Nakagawa N, Ebihara A, Kuramitsu S, Kawai G. Structural genomics on the purine nucleotides biosynthetic pathway. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730809154x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ishikawa H, Nakagawa N, Kuramitsu S, Masui R. Structural and functional analysis of TTHA0252, a novel RNase of the β-CASP family. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Yamamura A, Ohtsuka J, Kubota K, Agari Y, Ebihara A, Nakagawa N, Nagata K, Tanokura M. Crystal structure of TTHA1429 from Thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Baba S, Kanagawa M, Yanai H, Ishii T, Maoka N, Takemoto N, Ito N, Ohmori M, Fujimoto Y, Nakagawa N, Ebihara A, Kuramitsu S, Kawai G, Sampei G. Crystal structures of GAR synthetase (PurD) from A. aeolicus, G. kaustophilusand T. thermophilus. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Kawamura S, Ando M, Nakamura T, Tsubono K, Tanaka T, Funaki I, Seto N, Numata K, Sato S, Ioka K, Kanda N, Takashima T, Agatsuma K, Akutsu T, Akutsu T, Aoyanagi KS, Arai K, Arase Y, Araya A, Asada H, Aso Y, Chiba T, Ebisuzaki T, Enoki M, Eriguchi Y, Fujimoto MK, Fujita R, Fukushima M, Futamase T, Ganzu K, Harada T, Hashimoto T, Hayama K, Hikida W, Himemoto Y, Hirabayashi H, Hiramatsu T, Hong FL, Horisawa H, Hosokawa M, Ichiki K, Ikegami T, Inoue KT, Ishidoshiro K, Ishihara H, Ishikawa T, Ishizaki H, Ito H, Itoh Y, Kamagasako S, Kawashima N, Kawazoe F, Kirihara H, Kishimoto N, Kiuchi K, Kobayashi S, Kohri K, Koizumi H, Kojima Y, Kokeyama K, Kokuyama W, Kotake K, Kozai Y, Kudoh H, Kunimori H, Kuninaka H, Kuroda K, Maeda KI, Matsuhara H, Mino Y, Miyakawa O, Miyoki S, Morimoto MY, Morioka T, Morisawa T, Moriwaki S, Mukohyama S, Musha M, Nagano S, Naito I, Nakagawa N, Nakamura K, Nakano H, Nakao K, Nakasuka S, Nakayama Y, Nishida E, Nishiyama K, Nishizawa A, Niwa Y, Ohashi M, Ohishi N, Ohkawa M, Okutomi A, Onozato K, Oohara K, Sago N, Saijo M, Sakagami M, Sakai SI, Sakata S, Sasaki M, Sato T, Shibata M, Shinkai H, Somiya K, Sotani H, Sugiyama N, Suwa Y, Tagoshi H, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi T, Takahashi H, Takahashi R, Takahashi R, Takamori A, Takano T, Taniguchi K, Taruya A, Tashiro H, Tokuda M, Tokunari M, Toyoshima M, Tsujikawa S, Tsunesada Y, Ueda KI, Utashima M, Yamakawa H, Yamamoto K, Yamazaki T, Yokoyama J, Yoo CM, Yoshida S, Yoshino T. The Japanese space gravitational wave antenna - DECIGO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/122/1/012006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hayashi T, Nishioka J, Nakagawa N, Kamada H, Gabazza EC, Kobayashi T, Hattori A, Suzuki K. Protein C inhibitor directly and potently inhibits activated hepatocyte growth factor activator. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:1477-85. [PMID: 17456194 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays an important role in tissue repair and regeneration. HGF activator (HGFA), a factor XIIa-like serine protease, activates HGF precursor to HGF. The precursor of HGFA, proHGFA, is activated by thrombin generated at sites of tissue injury. It is known that protein C inhibitor (PCI), an inhibitor of activated protein C (APC), also inhibits thrombin-thrombomodulin (TM) complex. OBJECTIVES In the present study we evaluated the effect of PCI on thrombin-catalyzed proHGFA activation in the presence of TM, and on HGFA activity. RESULTS PCI did not inhibit thrombin-TM-mediated proHGFA activation, but it directly inhibited activated HGFA by forming an enzyme inhibitor complex. The second-order rate constants (m(-1) min(-1)) of the reaction between HGFA and PCI in the presence or absence of heparin (10 U mL(-1)) were 4.3 x 10(6) and 4.0 x 10(6), respectively. The inhibition of HGFA by PCI resulted in a significant decrease of HGFA-catalyzed activation of HGF precursor. Exogenous HGFA added to normal human plasma formed a complex with plasma PCI, and this complex formation was competitively inhibited by APC in the presence of heparin, but very weakly in the absence of heparin. We also demonstrated using recombinant R362A-PCI that Arg362 residue of PCI is important for HGFA inhibition by PCI as judged from the three-dimensional structures constructed using docking models of PCI and HGFA or APC. CONCLUSION These observations indicate that PCI is a potent inhibitor of activated HGFA, suggesting a novel function for PCI in the regulation of tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu-city, Mie, Japan
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Nakagawa N, Akai F, Fukawa N, Yugami H, Kimoto A, Majima S, Taneda M. Endovascular Stent Placement of Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Dissection Related to a Seat-Belt Injury: A Case Report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 50:115-9. [PMID: 17674300 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The incidence of carotid artery dissection related to blunt injury is very low, but the mortality rate is high. Rapid diagnosis and proper treatments are discussed. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 48-year-old woman presented diplopia and pulsating tinnitus of the left ear. An angiography showed a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) and dissection of the extra-cranial internal carotid artery (ICA). To treat the dissection, a self-expanding endovascular stent was used. She has been followed for 6 years without any event and the ICA is patent. CONCLUSION Prompt diagnosis without delay and intimate follow-up is the key for the treatment of a carotid injury. Those patients who exhibit cervical bruits and/or seat-belt signs should be examined aggressively. Angioplasty with stents is amenable for patients with traumatic carotid dissections requiring vascular reconstruction in the acute stage.
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MESH Headings
- Accidents, Traffic
- Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging
- Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology
- Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery
- Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/etiology
- Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/pathology
- Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/surgery
- Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/etiology
- Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/pathology
- Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/surgery
- Cerebral Angiography
- Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology
- Female
- Head Movements/physiology
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Seat Belts/adverse effects
- Stents
- Treatment Outcome
- Vascular Surgical Procedures/instrumentation
- Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods
- Wounds, Nonpenetrating
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan.
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Kuramitsu S, Ebihara A, Kanagawa M, Nakagawa N, Masui R, Murayama K, Terada T, Shirouzu M, Miki K, Yokoyama S. Whole-cell project of Thermus ThermophilusHB8 toward atomic-resolution biology. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305098922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kanagawa M, Ebihara A, Nakagawa N, Kawai G, Yokoyama S, Kuramitsu S. Crystal structure of a conserved hypothetical protein TT1657 from Thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730509029x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ooga T, Yoshiba S, Nakagawa N, Kuramitsu S, Masui R. Molecular mechanism of ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase from Thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305085818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Nakai T, Nakagawa N, Maoka N, Masui R, Kuramitsu S, Kamiya N. Crystal structure of P-protein of the glycine cleavage system. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305091944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ebihara A, Nakagawa N, Kanagawa M, Satoh S, Agari Y, Maoka N, Iino H, Kashihara A, Kuroishi C, Masui R, Shirouzu M, Terada T, Miki K, Yokoyama S, Kuramitsu S. Progress in the whole cell project of a model organism, Thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305088987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Nakagawa N, Ohsawa H, Muroyama Y. Life-history parameters of a wild group of West African patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas patas). Primates 2003; 44:281-90. [PMID: 12721784 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-003-0042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2002] [Accepted: 03/08/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on long-term, although intermittent, observations (2 years 4 months of 14 years), we present data on birth seasonality, age at first birth, interbirth intervals, mortality rates, age at first emigration, and population change of a wild population of West African patas monkeys ( Etythrocebus patas patas) in northern Cameroon. Birth season was from the end of December until the middle of February, corresponding to the mid-dry season. In spite of large body size, the patas females had the earliest age at first birth (36.5 monthsold) and the shortest interbirth intervals (12 months) compared to the closely related wild forest guenons. Age at first emigration of the males was considered to occur between 2.5 and 4.5 years. The group size of the focal group drastically decreased between 1984 and 1987, and steadily increased until 1994, then decreased again in 1997. The neighboring group also showed a similar trend in group size. The population decreases were likely to be caused by drought over 3 years. Annual crude adult mortality rate was 4% during population increase periods (PIP) between 1987 and 1994. It rose to 22% during all the periods (AP), including drought over 3 years. Despite their smaller body size, the rate of the wild forest guenons ( Cercopithecus mitis) (4%) was the same and much lower than those of the patas during PIP and AP, respectively. The annual average juvenile mortality rate was 13% during PIP and it also rose to 37% during AP. That of wild forest guenons ( C. ascanius) (10-12%) was a little lower and much lower than those of the patas during PIP and AP, respectively. These findings were consistent with Charnov's theoretical model of mammalian life-history evolution in that patas with high adult and juvenile mortality showed early and frequent reproduction in spite of large body size. Charnov also considered high adult mortality as a selective force and high juvenile mortality as a density-dependent consequence of high fecundity. Our results support the former but not the latter research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Nakagawa
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Kobe City College of Nursing, 3-4 Gakuen-nishimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2103, Japan.
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Nakagawa N. Difference in food selection between patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and tantalus monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops tantalus) in Kala Maloue National Park, Cameroon, in relation to nutrient content. Primates 2003; 44:3-11. [PMID: 12548330 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-002-0001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2002] [Accepted: 07/30/2002] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical or nutrient analyses of primate diets have revealed clues to their food selection in a single species. On the other hand, few interspecific comparisons of phytochemical or nutrient composition of primate diets have been made, although diets are considered to differ in phytochemical or nutrient content from primate species to species, since different species have different body weights and different morphological and physiological characteristics. I compared the nutrient content of diet between patas monkeys ( Erythrocebus patas) and tantalus monkeys ( Cercopithecus aethiops tantalus) living sympatrically in Cameroon. Patas subsisted on a smaller number of food items, most of which were also tantalus food items. Then, I compared the protein-fiber ratio and the available energy content of the food items eaten by patas (patas foods) with those items eaten only by tantalus (tantalus foods). Both variables were higher in patas than tantalus foods, although there was no significant difference in available energy of plant foods. Next, when I performed discriminant analysis for patas foods and tantalus foods, employing the above two variables, a discriminant function with positive coefficients for both variables was obtained. The mean discriminant-function score of patas foods was higher than that of tantalus foods. Despite being somewhat larger in weight, patas selectively fed on a smaller number of foods of higher quality than did tantalus. I discuss why the results are inconsistent with a well known body weight-diet relationship (Jarman-Bell principle). Energy-efficient locomotion enables patas to exploit not only small dispersed food items of high quality but also areas where high-quality foods are distributed in clumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Nakagawa
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Kobe City College of Nursing, 3-4 Gakuen-nishimachi, Nishi-ku, Hyogo 651-2103, Japan.
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Nakai T, Ishijima J, Nakagawa N, Masui R, Kuramitsu S, Kamiya N. X-ray structure studies of H- and L-proteins of glycine cleavage system from Thermus thermophilus. Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767302096435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kuramitsu S, Nakagawa N, Ebihara A, Hoseki J, Satoh S, Agari Y, Sumiguchi-Agari K, Okamoto A, Masui R, Terada T, Vassylyev DG, Sakai H, Kigawa T, Park SY, Tame JRH, Shibata T, Shirouzu M, Yokoyama S. Structures and functions of hypothetical proteins from Thermus thermophilusHB8. Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767302092796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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