1
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Puławski W, Dec R, Dzwolak W. Clues to the Design of Aggregation-Resistant Insulin from Proline Scanning of Highly Amyloidogenic Peptides Derived from the N-Terminal Segment of the A-Chain. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2025-2033. [PMID: 38525800 PMCID: PMC10988558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Insulin aggregation poses a significant problem in pharmacology and medicine as it occurs during prolonged storage of the hormone and in vivo at insulin injection sites. We have recently shown that dominant forces driving the self-assembly of insulin fibrils are likely to arise from intermolecular interactions involving the N-terminal segment of the A-chain (ACC1-13). Here, we study how proline substitutions within the pilot GIVEQ sequence of this fragment affect its propensity to aggregate in both neutral and acidic environments. In a reasonable agreement with in silico prediction based on the Cordax algorithm, proline substitutions at positions 3, 4, and 5 turn out to be very effective in preventing aggregation according to thioflavin T-fluorescence-based kinetic assay, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Since the valine and glutamate side chains within this segment are strongly involved in the interactions with the insulin receptor, we have focused on the possible implications of the Q → P substitution for insulin's stability and interactions with the receptor. To this end, comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the Q5P mutant and wild-type insulin were carried out for both free and receptor-bound (site 1) monomers. The results point to a mild destabilization of the mutant vis à vis the wild-type monomer, as well as partial preservation of key contacts in the complex between Q5P insulin and the receptor. We discuss the implications of these findings in the context of the design of aggregation-resistant insulin analogues retaining hormonal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Puławski
- Bioinformatics
Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinski Street 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Dec
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Pasteur Street 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dzwolak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Pasteur Street 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Dasnoy S, Illartin M, Queffelec J, Nkunku A, Peerboom C. Combined Effect of Shaking Orbit and Vial Orientation on the Agitation-Induced Aggregation of Proteins. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:669-679. [PMID: 37611666 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Orbital shaking in a glass vial is a commonly used forced degradation test to evaluate protein propensity for agitation-induced aggregation. Vial shaking in horizontal orientation has been widely recommended to maximize the air-liquid interface area while ensuring solution contact with the stopper. We evaluated the impact of shaking orbit diameter and frequency, and glass vial orientation (horizontal versus vertical) on the aggregation of three proteins prepared in surfactant-free formulation buffers. As soon as an orbit-specific frequency threshold was reached, an increase in turbidity was observed for the three proteins in vertical orientation only when using a 3 mm agitation orbit, and in horizontal orientation only when using a 30 mm agitation orbit. Orthogonal analyses confirmed turbidity was linked to protein aggregation. The most turbid samples had a visually more homogeneous appearance in vertical than in horizontal orientation, in line with the predicted dispersion of air and liquid phases obtained from computational fluid dynamics agitation simulations. Both shaking orbits were used to assess the performance of nonionic surfactants. We show that the propensity of a protein to aggregate in a vial agitated in horizontal or vertical orientation depends on the shaking orbit, and confirm that Brij® 58 and FM1000 prevent proteins from agitation-induced aggregation at lower concentrations than polysorbate 80.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marion Illartin
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Institut Mines-Télécom (IMT) Mines Albi, Allée des Sciences, 81000 Albi, France
| | - Julie Queffelec
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Institut Mines-Télécom (IMT) Mines Albi, Allée des Sciences, 81000 Albi, France
| | - Aubrey Nkunku
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; ALTEN Belgium, Chaussée de Charleroi 112, 1060 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Claude Peerboom
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
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3
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Li Q, Tangry V, Allen DP, Seibert KD, Qian KK, Wagner NJ. Surface-mediated spontaneous emulsification of the acylated peptide, semaglutide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2305770121. [PMID: 38227645 PMCID: PMC10835113 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305770121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acylated peptides composed of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists modified with a fatty acid side chain are an important class of therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity but are susceptible to an unusual physical instability in the presence of hydrophobic surfaces, i.e., spontaneous emulsification, also known as ouzo formation in practice. In this work, light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and circular dichroism measurements are used to characterize the physical properties of the semaglutide colloidal phase, including size distribution, shape, secondary structure, internal structure, and internal composition, as a function of solution physico-chemical conditions. The existence and size of the colloids formed are successfully predicted by a classical Rayleigh model, which identifies the parameters controlling their size and formation. Colloid formation is found to be catalyzed by hydrophobic surfaces, and formation rates are modeled as an autocatalytic reaction, enabling the formation of a master curve for various surfaces that elucidates the mechanism. Surfaces differ due to differences in surface wettability, which can be correlated with Hansen solubility parameters. This work provides insights into this unusual colloidal phenomenon and guides the peptide synthesis process and drug product formulation in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Neutron Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE19716
| | - Vasudev Tangry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Neutron Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE19716
| | | | | | - Ken K. Qian
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN46225
| | - Norman J. Wagner
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Neutron Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE19716
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4
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Ghosh S, Iyer LS, Chowdhury R, Addy PS. Nontoxic Aggregation-Induced Emissive Luminogen for the Detection of Amyloid Fibrils and Cellular Protein Aggregates. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:4592-4597. [PMID: 37890087 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation resulting in amyloid formation is directly linked to various diseases. Hence, there is keen interest in developing probes for the selective detection of such misfolded aggregated proteins. In this paper, we have shown the use of a nontoxic aggregation-induced emissive luminogen (AIEgen), BIDCPV, for the selective detection of insulin amyloid fibrils and their various stages of formation. We further verified the selective response of BIDCPV toward amyloid fibrils by testing the probe against Aβ 42 peptides, which is well known to form the fibrils. Additionally, the low toxicity, efficient cellular internalization capability, and photostability make BIDCPV a unique candidate for sensing protein aggregates inside mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurajit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Lavanya Suresh Iyer
- Department of Bio Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Rajdeep Chowdhury
- Department of Bio Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Addy
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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5
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Abstract
Given the significance of protein aggregation in proteinopathies and the development of therapeutic protein pharmaceuticals, revamped interest in assessing and modelling the aggregation kinetics has been observed. Quantitative analysis of aggregation includes data of gradual monomeric depletion followed by the formation of subvisible particles. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies are essential to gain key insights into the aggregation process. Despite being the medical marvel in the world of diabetes, insulin suffers from the challenge of aggregation. Physicochemical stresses are experienced by insulin during industrial formulation, storage, delivery, and transport, considerably impacting product quality, efficacy, and effectiveness. The present review briefly describes the pathways, mathematical kinetic models, and thermodynamics of protein misfolding and aggregation. With a specific focus on insulin, further discussions include the structural heterogeneity and modifications of the intermediates incurred during insulin fibrillation. Finally, different model equations to fit the kinetic data of insulin fibrillation are discussed. We believe that this review will shed light on the conditions that induce structural changes in insulin during the lag phase of fibrillation and will motivate scientists to devise strategies to block the initialization of the aggregation cascade. Subsequent abrogation of insulin fibrillation during bioprocessing will ensure stable and globally accessible insulin for efficient management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Panda
- Bio-interface & Environmental Engineering Lab Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Viral Immunology Lab Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Neurodegeneration and Peptide Engineering Research Lab Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Lalit M Pandey
- Bio-interface & Environmental Engineering Lab Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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6
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Khan JM, Malik A, Sharma P, Fatima S. Anionic surfactant causes dual conformational changes in insulin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125790. [PMID: 37451378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrillation is a process by which proteins aggregate and form insoluble fibrils that are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases. In n this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of the negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on insulin amyloid fibrillation at pH 7.4 and 2.0, as SDS has been linked to the acceleration of amyloid fibrillation in vitro, but the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Our findings show that insulin forms amyloid-like aggregates in the presence of SDS at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 1.8 mM at pH 2.0, while no aggregates were observed at SDS concentrations greater than 1.8 mM, and insulin remained soluble. However, at pH 7.4, insulin remained soluble regardless of the concentration of SDS. Interestingly, the aggregated insulin had a cross-β sheet secondary structure, and when incubated with higher SDS concentrations, it gained more alpha-helix. The electrostatics and hydrophobic interaction of SDS and insulin may contribute to amyloid induction. Moreover, the SDS-induced aggregation was not affected by the presence of salts. Furthermore, as the concentration of SDS increased, the preformed insulin amyloid induced by SDS began to disintegrate. Overall, our study sheds light on the mechanism of surfactant-induced amyloid fibrillation in insulin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA 18509, USA
| | - Sadaf Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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7
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Mallegni N, Milazzo M, Cristallini C, Barbani N, Fredi G, Dorigato A, Cinelli P, Danti S. Characterization of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers for Insulin Reservoir in an Artificial Pancreas. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030145. [PMID: 36976069 PMCID: PMC10053537 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-1 diabetes is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. It results in a significant lack of insulin production by the pancreas and the ensuing hyperglycemia, which needs to be regulated through a tailored administration of insulin throughout the day. Recent studies have shown great advancements in developing an implantable artificial pancreas. However, some improvements are still required, including the optimal biomaterials and technologies to produce the implantable insulin reservoir. Here, we discuss the employment of two types of cyclic olefin copolymers (Topas 5013L-10 and Topas 8007S-04) for an insulin reservoir fabrication. After a preliminary thermomechanical analysis, Topas 8007S-04 was selected as the best material to fabricate a 3D-printed insulin reservoir due to its higher strength and lower glass transition temperature (Tg). Fiber deposition modeling was used to manufacture a reservoir-like structure, which was employed to assess the ability of the material to prevent insulin aggregation. Although the surface texture presents a localized roughness, the ultraviolet analysis did not detect any significant insulin aggregation over a timeframe of 14 days. These interesting results make Topas 8007S-04 cyclic olefin copolymer a potential candidate biomaterial for fabricating structural components in an implantable artificial pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Mallegni
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Milazzo
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Caterina Cristallini
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (IPCF), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niccoletta Barbani
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (IPCF), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Fredi
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Dorigato
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cinelli
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (IPCF), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.D.)
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8
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Das A, Sah P, Saraogi I. Dual Role of a Fluorescent Small Molecule as a Sensor and Inhibitor of Protein Fibrillation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201309. [PMID: 36594929 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ordered fibrillar aggregates of proteins, called amyloids, are prevalent in several diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Type II diabetes. The key challenge in the treatment of such diseases is the early detection of protein fibrillation and its effective inhibition using extrinsic agents. Thus, molecules that can both detect and inhibit protein fibril formation have great diagnostic and therapeutic utility. Using insulin as a model protein, we report the dual action of an isoquinoline based molecule, named MK14 which detects and prevents insulin fibrillation. Dose dependent inhibition of insulin fibrillation by MK14 gave an IC50 value of 9 μM, and mechanistic investigations suggested that MK14 prevented the elongation of fibrils by interacting with pre-fibrillar intermediates. The fluorescence of MK14 enhanced upon binding to fibrils of insulin as well as those of α-synuclein, the protein involved in Parkinson's disease. MK14 is an environmentally sensitive fluorophore, which could also detect amorphous aggregates of insulin. The dual nature of MK14 as an inhibitor and detector of protein fibrillation makes it an attractive lead compound for monitoring and disrupting protein amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Pooja Sah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Ishu Saraogi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
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9
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Halder B, Mitra A, Dewangan S, Gazi R, Sarkar N, Jana M, Chatterjee S. Solid state synthesis of bispyridyl-ferrocene conjugates with unusual site selective 1,4-Michael addition, as potential inhibitor and electrochemical probe for fibrillation in amyloidogenic protein. J Mol Struct 2023; 1273:134362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Heyn TR, Schrader M, Kampen I, Kwade A, Schwarz K, Keppler JK. Glass beads increase the formation kinetics of beta-lactoglobulin amyloid fibrils. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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11
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Abstract
Aberrant protein aggregation leads to the formation of amyloid fibrils. This phenomenon is linked to the development of more than 40 irremediable diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Plenty of research efforts have been given to understanding the underlying mechanism of protein aggregation, associated toxicity, and the development of amyloid inhibitors. Recently, the peptidomimetic approach has emerged as a potential tool to modulate several protein-protein interactions (PPIs). In this review, we discussed selected peptidomimetic-based approaches for the modulation of important amyloid proteins (Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, Amyloid Beta, α-synuclein, mutant p53, and insulin) aggregation. This approach holds a powerful platform for creating an essential stepping stone for the vital development of anti-amyloid therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Maity
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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12
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Clauss ZS, Meudom R, Su B, VandenBerg MA, Saini SS, Webber MJ, Chou DHC, Kramer JR. Supramolecular Protein Stabilization with Zwitterionic Polypeptide-Cucurbit[7]uril Conjugates. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:481-488. [PMID: 36512327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is an obstacle for the development of new biopharmaceuticals, presenting challenges in shipping and storage of vital therapies. Though a variety of materials and methods have been explored, the need remains for a simple material that is biodegradable, nontoxic, and highly efficient at stabilizing protein therapeutics. In this work, we investigated zwitterionic polypeptides prepared using a rapid and scalable polymerization technique and conjugated to a supramolecular macrocycle host, cucurbit[7]uril, for the ability to inhibit aggregation of model protein therapeutics insulin and calcitonin. The polypeptides are based on the natural amino acid methionine, and zwitterion sulfonium modifications were compared to analogous cationic and neutral structures. Each polymer was end-modified with a single cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle to afford supramolecular recognition and binding to terminal aromatic amino acids on proteins. Only conjugates prepared from zwitterionic structures of sufficient chain lengths were efficient inhibitors of insulin aggregation and could also inhibit aggregation of calcitonin. This polypeptide exhibited no cytotoxicity in human cells even at concentrations that were five-fold of the intended therapeutic regime. We explored treatment of the zwitterionic polypeptides with a panel of natural proteases and found steady biodegradation as expected, supporting eventual clearance when used as a protein formulation additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Clauss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Rolande Meudom
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | - Bo Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Michael A VandenBerg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Simranpreet S Saini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Danny Hung-Chieh Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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13
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Meudom R, Zhang Y, Vandenberg MA, Zou L, Zhang YW, Webber MJ, Hung-chieh Chou D. Supramolecular approaches for insulin stabilization without prolonged duration of action. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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14
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Reichelderfer VT, Chaparro Sosa AF, Kaar JL, Schwartz DK. Tuning the surface charge of phospholipid bilayers inhibits insulin fibrilization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112904. [PMID: 36265317 PMCID: PMC10164472 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between proteins and materials, in particular lipid bilayers, have been studied extensively for their relevance in diseases and for the formulation of protein-based therapeutics and vaccines. However, the precise rules by which material properties induce favorable or unfavorable structural states in biomolecules are incompletely understood, and as a result, the rational design of materials remains challenging. Here, we investigated the influence of lipid bilayers (in the form of small unilamellar vesicles) on the formation of insulin amyloid fibrils using a fibril-specific assay (thioflavin T), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Lipid bilayers composed of equal mixtures of cationic and anionic lipids effectively inhibited fibril formation and stabilized insulin in its native conformation. However, other lipid bilayer compositions failed to inhibit fibril formation or even destabilized insulin, exacerbating fibrilization and/or non-amyloid aggregation. Our findings suggest that electrostatic interactions with lipid bilayers can play a critical role in stabilizing or destabilizing insulin, and preventing the conversion of insulin to its amyloidogenic, disease-associated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria T Reichelderfer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Andres F Chaparro Sosa
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Joel L Kaar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Daniel K Schwartz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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15
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Thite NG, Ghazvini S, Wallace N, Feldman N, Calderon CP, Randolph TW. Machine Learning Analysis Provides Insight into Mechanisms of Protein Particle Formation Inside Containers During Mechanical Agitation. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2730-2744. [PMID: 35835184 PMCID: PMC9481670 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Container choice can influence particle generation within protein formulations. Incompatibility between proteins and containers can manifest as increased particle concentrations, shifts in particle size distributions and changes in particle morphology distributions. In this study, flow imaging microscopy (FIM) combined with machine learning-based goodness-of-fit hypothesis testing algorithms were used in accelerated stability studies to investigate the impact of containers on particle formation. Containers in four major container categories subdivided into eleven container types were filled with monoclonal antibody formulations and agitated with and without headspace, producing subvisible particles. Digital images of the particles were recorded using flow imaging microscopy and analyzed with machine learning algorithms. Particle morphology distributions depended on container category and type, revealing differences that would not have been obvious by analysis of particle concentrations or container surface characteristics alone. Additionally, the algorithm was used to compare morphologies of particles generated in containers against those generated using isolated stresses at air-liquid and container-air-liquid interfaces. These comparisons showed that the morphology distributions of particles formed during agitation most closely resemble distributions that result from exposure of proteins to moving triple interface lines at points where container-air-liquid interfaces intersect. The approach described here can be used to identify dominant causes of particle generation due to protein-container interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi G Thite
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Saba Ghazvini
- AstraZeneca Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | - Naomi Feldman
- AstraZeneca Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Christopher P Calderon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Ursa Analytics, Denver, CO 80212, United States
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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16
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Siposova K, Petrenko VI, Garcarova I, Sedlakova D, Almásy L, Kyzyma OA, Kriechbaum M, Musatov A. The intriguing dose-dependent effect of selected amphiphilic compounds on insulin amyloid aggregation: Focus on a cholesterol-based detergent, Chobimalt. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:955282. [PMID: 36060240 PMCID: PMC9437268 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.955282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloidogenic self-assembly of many peptides and proteins largely depends on external conditions. Among amyloid-prone proteins, insulin attracts attention because of its physiological and therapeutic importance. In the present work, the amyloid aggregation of insulin is studied in the presence of cholesterol-based detergent, Chobimalt. The strategy to elucidate the Chobimalt-induced effect on insulin fibrillogenesis is based on performing the concentration- and time-dependent analysis using a combination of different experimental techniques, such as ThT fluorescence assay, CD, AFM, SANS, and SAXS. While at the lowest Chobimalt concentration (0.1 µM; insulin to Chobimalt molar ratio of 1:0.004) the formation of insulin fibrils was not affected, the gradual increase of Chobimalt concentration (up to 100 µM; molar ratio of 1:4) led to a significant increase in ThT fluorescence, and the maximal ThT fluorescence was 3-4-fold higher than the control insulin fibril’s ThT fluorescence intensity. Kinetic studies confirm the dose-dependent experimental results. Depending on the concentration of Chobimalt, either (i) no effect is observed, or (ii) significantly, ∼10-times prolonged lag-phases accompanied by the substantial, ∼ 3-fold higher relative ThT fluorescence intensities at the steady-state phase are recorded. In addition, at certain concentrations of Chobimalt, changes in the elongation-phase are noticed. An increase in the Chobimalt concentrations also triggers the formation of insulin fibrils with sharply altered morphological appearance. The fibrils appear to be more flexible and wavy-like with a tendency to form circles. SANS and SAXS data also revealed the morphology changes of amyloid fibrils in the presence of Chobimalt. Amyloid aggregation requires the formation of unfolded intermediates, which subsequently generate amyloidogenic nuclei. We hypothesize that the different morphology of the formed insulin fibrils is the result of the gradual binding of Chobimalt to different binding sites on unfolded insulin. A similar explanation and the existence of such binding sites with different binding energies was shown previously for the nonionic detergent. Thus, the data also emphasize the importance of a protein partially-unfolded state which undergoes the process of fibrils formation; i.e., certain experimental conditions or the presence of additives may dramatically change not only kinetics but also the morphology of fibrillar aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Siposova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Katarina Siposova, ; Andrey Musatov,
| | - Viktor I. Petrenko
- BCMaterials—Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ivana Garcarova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Sedlakova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - László Almásy
- Neutron Spectroscopy Department, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olena A. Kyzyma
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
- Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Manfred Kriechbaum
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrey Musatov
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Katarina Siposova, ; Andrey Musatov,
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17
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Silva-Jr H, Araújo TS, da Silva Almeida M, Scapin SMN, Lima LMTR. Formation of subvisible particles in commercial insulin formulations. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112566. [PMID: 35623256 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The conformation and assembly of insulin are sensitive to physical and chemical variables. Insulin can misfold and form both amorphous and amyloid aggregates. Localized cutaneous amyloidosis due to insulin usage has been reported, and question remains regarding its stability in the original flasks due to storage and handling. Here we report the evaluation of the formation of aggregates in insulin formulations upon once-weekly handling and storage of the in-use cartridges at 4 °C or 37 °C for 5 weeks. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed no obvious chemical decomposition. No major changes in oligomeric distribution were observed by size-exclusion chromatography. Dynamic light scattering allowed the identification of particles with high hydrodynamic radius formed during storage at 4 °C and 37 °C. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed the formation of amorphous material, with no clear evidence for amyloid material up to 28 days of incubation. These data support evidences for the formation of subvisible and submicrometer amorphous particulate matter in insulin formulations shortly upon use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamilton Silva-Jr
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - pbiotech, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Talita S Araújo
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - pbiotech, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil; Protein Advanced Biochemistry - PAB, National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging - CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Marcius da Silva Almeida
- Protein Advanced Biochemistry - PAB, National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging - CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil; Institute for Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Sandra M N Scapin
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology - INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ 25250-020, Brazil.
| | - Luís Maurício T R Lima
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - pbiotech, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology - INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ 25250-020, Brazil.
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18
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Das A, Gangarde YM, Pariary R, Bhunia A, Saraogi I. An amphiphilic small molecule drives insulin aggregation inhibition and amyloid disintegration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:981-991. [PMID: 35907468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of proteins into ordered fibrillar structures called amyloids, and their disintegration represent major unsolved problems that limit the therapeutic applications of several proteins. For example, insulin, commonly used for the treatment of diabetes, is susceptible to amyloid formation upon exposure to non-physiological conditions, resulting in a loss of its biological activity. Here, we report a novel amphiphilic molecule called PAD-S, which acts as a chemical chaperone and completely inhibits fibrillation of insulin and its biosimilars. Mechanistic investigations and molecular docking lead to the conclusion that PAD-S binds to key hydrophobic regions of native insulin, thereby preventing its self-assembly. PAD-S treated insulin was biologically active as indicated by its ability to phosphorylate Akt, a protein in the insulin signalling pathway. PAD-S is non-toxic and protects cells from insulin amyloid induced cytotoxicity. The high aqueous solubility and easy synthetic accessibility of PAD-S facilitates its potential use in commercial insulin formulations. Notably, PAD-S successfully disintegrated preformed insulin fibrils to non-toxic smaller fragments. Since the structural and mechanistic features of amyloids are common to several human pathologies, the understanding of the amyloid disaggregation activity of PAD-S will inform the development of small molecule disaggregators for other amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
| | - Yogesh M Gangarde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
| | - Ranit Pariary
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Sector V, EN 80, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700 091, India
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Sector V, EN 80, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700 091, India
| | - Ishu Saraogi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India; Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
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19
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Abstract
Protein aggregation leading to the formation of amyloid fibrils has various adverse effects on human health ranging from fatigue and numbness to organ failure and death in extreme cases. Insulin, a peptide hormone commonly used to treat diabetes, undergoes aggregation at the site of repeated injections in diabetic patients as well as during its industrial production and transport. The reduced bioavailability of insulin due to aggregation hinders the proper control of glucose levels in diabetic patients. Thus, it is necessary to develop rational approaches for inhibiting insulin aggregation, which in turn requires a detailed understanding of the mechanism of fibrillation. Given the relative simplicity of insulin and ease of access, insulin has also served as a model system for studying amyloids. Approaches to inhibit insulin aggregation have included the use of natural molecules, synthetic peptides or small molecules, and bacterial chaperone machinery. This review focuses on insulin aggregation with an emphasis on its mechanism, the structural features of insulin fibrils, and the reported inhibitors that act at different stages in the aggregation pathway. We discuss molecules that can serve as leads for improved inhibitors for use in commercial insulin formulations. We also discuss the aggregation propensity of fast- and slow-acting insulin biosimilars, commonly administered to diabetic patients. The development of better insulin aggregation inhibitors and insights into their mechanism of action will not only aid diabetic therapies, but also enhance our knowledge of protein amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research
Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mosami Shah
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research
Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ishu Saraogi
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research
Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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20
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Chouchane K, Frachon T, Marichal L, Nault L, Vendrely C, Maze A, Bruckert F, Weidenhaupt M. Insulin aggregation starts at dynamic triple interfaces, originating from solution agitation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 214:112451. [PMID: 35290820 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The consequences of agitation on protein stability are particularly relevant to therapeutic proteins. However, the precise contribution of the different effects induced by agitation in pathways leading to protein denaturation and aggregation at interfaces is not entirely understood. In particular, the contribution of a moving triple line, induced by the sweeping of a solution meniscus on a container wall upon agitation, has only been rarely assessed. In this article, we therefore designed experimental setups to analyze how mixing, shear stress, and dynamic triple interfaces influence insulin aggregation in physiological conditions. This has been achieved by controlling agitation speed, shear stress, and the extension of triple interfaces in order to shed light on the contribution of different agitation-induced effects on insulin aggregation in physiological conditions. We demonstrate that strong agitation is necessary for the onset of insulin aggregation, while the growth of the aggregates is sustained even under weak agitation. Kinetic insulin aggregation studies in conditions of intermittent wetting show that the aggregation rate correlates with the amount of dynamic triple interfaces that the proteins are exposed to. Finally, we demonstrate that the triple line, where the protein solution, the air, and a hydrophobic surface meet constitutes a preferential early aggregation site.
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21
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Chen X, Huang Z, Sala RL, McLean AM, Wu G, Sokołowski K, King K, McCune JA, Scherman OA. On-Resin Recognition of Aromatic Oligopeptides and Proteins through Host-Enhanced Heterodimerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8474-8479. [PMID: 35535953 PMCID: PMC9121384 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Peptide dimerization is ubiquitous in natural protein conjugates and artificial self-assemblies. A major challenge in artificial systems remains achieving quantitative peptide heterodimerization, critical for next-generation biomolecular purification and formulation of therapeutics. Here, we employ a synthetic host to simultaneously encapsulate an aromatic and a noncanonical l-perfluorophenylalanine-containing peptide through embedded polar-π interactions, constructing an unprecedented series of heteropeptide dimers. To demonstrate the utility, this heteropeptide dimerization strategy was applied toward on-resin recognition of N-terminal aromatic residues in peptides as well as insulin, both exhibiting high recycling efficiency (>95%). This research unveils a generic approach to exploit quantitative heteropeptide dimers for the design of supramolecular (bio)systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Chen
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Renata L Sala
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Alan M McLean
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Kamil Sokołowski
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Katie King
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jade A McCune
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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22
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Sen S, Ali R, Onkar A, Ganesh S, Verma S. Strategies for interference of insulin fibrillogenesis: challenges and advances. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100678. [PMID: 35025120 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of insulin came up with very high hopes for diabetic patients. In the year 2021, the world celebrated the 100 th anniversary of the discovery of this vital hormone. However, external use of insulin is highly affected by its aggregating tendency that occurs during its manufacturing, transportation, and improper handling which ultimately leads its pharmaceutically and biologically ineffective form. In this review, we aim to discuss the various approaches used for decelerating insulin aggregation which results in the enhancement of its overall structural stability and usage. The approaches that are discussed are broadly classified as either a measure through excipient additions or by intrinsic modifications in the insulin native structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Sen
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Rafat Ali
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Chemistry, Room No 131 Lab No2, CESE department IIT Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, INDIA
| | - Akanksha Onkar
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, INDIA
| | - Subramaniam Ganesh
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, INDIA
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Department of Chemistry, IIT-Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, INDIA
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23
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Ji YM, Zhang WY, Zhang JD, Li XF, Yu FD, Li CY, Liu GJ, Xing GW. Dual Functional Amphiphilic Sugar-Coated AIE-Active Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles for the Monitoring and Inhibition of Insulin Amyloid Fibrillation Based on Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5602-5611. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01070d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, are all considered to be related to the deposition of amyloid fibrils in the body. Insulin is a protein hormone that easily undergoes aggregation...
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24
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Kasai T, Wada T, Iijima T, Minami Y, Sakaguchi T, Koga R, Shiratori T, Otsuka Y, Shimada Y, Okayama Y, Goto S. Comparative study of the hydrophobic interaction effect of pH and ionic strength on aggregation/emulsification of Congo red and amyloid fibrillation of insulin. BBA Advances 2022; 2:100036. [PMID: 37082585 PMCID: PMC10074904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2021.100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrillation is provoked by the conformational rearrangement of its source. In our previous study, we claimed that the conformational rearrangement of hen egg white lysozyme requires intermolecular aggregation/packing induced. Our proposed causality of the aggregation and amyloid formation was demonstrated by the quantitative dependence of amyloid fibrillation on pH difference from its isoelectric point (pI) and on the square root of ionic strength in order to reduce the intermolecular repulsion due to the shielding effect of electrolytes (DLVO effect). When Congo red has dianionic form at the pH higher than its pKa, it forms ribbon-like micelle colloids under lower ionic strength, while it loses electrostatic repulsion and aggregates to be emulsified in the octanolic phase under the higher ionic strength. These behaviors of Congo red were resembling to molecular assembly of surfactants. In contrast, the amyloid formation of insulin was proportional to the square root of ionic strength at the pH lower than its isoelectric point. Therefore, the trigger for conformational rearrangement of amyloid fibrillation is predominantly gripped by hydrophobic hydration and an electrostatic shielding effect. We concluded that the both behaviors of Congo red and insulin were derived from a driving force related to the hydrophobic hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kasai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Iijima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Minami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Sakaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Koga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoki Shiratori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuta Otsuka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Shimada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yukiko Okayama
- School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 26001-1 Kita-kanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 236-8501, Japan
| | - Satoru Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 26001-1 Kita-kanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 236-8501, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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25
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Leja N, Wagner D, Smith K, Hurren J. Leja et al reply. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021; 79:623. [PMID: 34962263 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Leja
- Michigan Medicine Department of Pharmacy Services, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deborah Wagner
- Michigan Medicine C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kirsten Smith
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeff Hurren
- Michigan Medicine Department of Pharmacy Services, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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26
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More RV, Barrio-Zhang A, Ahmadzadegan A, Dabiri S, Ardekani AM. Monitoring heterogeneity in therapeutic samples using Schlieren. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121096. [PMID: 34562558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antigen, antibodies, and other therapeutic biomolecule solutions are likely to undergo physical and chemical processes during their development, manufacturing, transport, and storage. This can induce internal stresses in the sample, resulting in aggregation, heterogeneities, and an overall reduction in the sample quality, e.g., freeze-thawing of samples for storage. Monitoring mixing is thus crucial to ensure homogeneity and consistency while further optimizing downstream processes. We present a simple and portable all-lens Schlieren setup to detect, visualize, and quantify heterogeneities in the protein/antigen or other pharmaceutical solutions during and after thawing in real-time. We illustrate the capabilities of the proposed method by visualizing and quantifying heterogeneities during the thawing of BSA and IgG in four different formulation buffers. The local concentration gradients in a thawing sample lead to light intensity variations which are captured using the Schlieren technique. The sample heterogeneity can then be quantified by relating these light intensity variations to concentration gradients. To this end, we first measure the refractive index of the sample solutions, which varies linearly with the sample concentration. This linear relation is then used to extract the concentration gradient field from the light intensity data. We establish the validity of the proposed approach by demonstrating its accuracy in measuring the diffusion coefficient of a diffusing interface. The portability of the setup and its applicability to a wide range of pharmaceutical solutions make this Schlieren-based technique suitable for monitoring the mixing, heterogeneity, and stability of pharmaceutical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh V More
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Andres Barrio-Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Adib Ahmadzadegan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sadegh Dabiri
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering & School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Arezoo M Ardekani
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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27
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Maikawa CL, Chen PC, Vuong ET, Nguyen LT, Mann JL, d'Aquino AI, Lal RA, Maahs DM, Buckingham BA, Appel EA. Ultra-Fast Insulin-Pramlintide Co-Formulation for Improved Glucose Management in Diabetic Rats. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2101575. [PMID: 34499434 PMCID: PMC8564421 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dual-hormone replacement therapy with insulin and amylin in patients with type 1 diabetes has the potential to improve glucose management. Unfortunately, currently available formulations require burdensome separate injections at mealtimes and have disparate pharmacokinetics that do not mimic endogenous co-secretion. Here, amphiphilic acrylamide copolymers are used to create a stable co-formulation of monomeric insulin and amylin analogues (lispro and pramlintide) with synchronous pharmacokinetics and ultra-rapid action. The co-formulation is stable for over 16 h under stressed aging conditions, whereas commercial insulin lispro (Humalog) aggregates in 8 h. The faster pharmacokinetics of monomeric insulin in this co-formulation result in increased insulin-pramlintide overlap of 75 ± 6% compared to only 47 ± 7% for separate injections. The co-formulation results in similar delay in gastric emptying compared to pramlintide delivered separately. In a glucose challenge, in rats, the co-formulation reduces deviation from baseline glucose compared to insulin only, or separate insulin and pramlintide administrations. Further, comparison of interspecies pharmacokinetics of monomeric pramlintide suggests that pharmacokinetics observed for the co-formulation will be well preserved in future translation to humans. Together these results suggest that the co-formulation has the potential to improve mealtime glucose management and reduce patient burden in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Peyton C Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eric T Vuong
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Leslee T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joseph L Mann
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andrea I d'Aquino
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rayhan A Lal
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - David M Maahs
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bruce A Buckingham
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Lima LMTR, Icart LP. Amyloidogenicity of peptides targeting diabetes and obesity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112157. [PMID: 34715595 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of insulin, a century ago, the repertoire of therapeutic polypeptides targeting diabetes - and now also obesity - have increased substantially. The focus on quality has shifted from impure and unstable preparations of animal insulin to highly pure, homologous recombinant insulin, along with other peptide-based hormones and analogs such as amylin analogs (pramlintide, davalintide, cagrilintide), glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1, liraglutide, exenatide, semaglutide). Proper formulation, storage, manipulation and usage by professionals and patients are required in order to avoid agglomeration into high molecular weight products (HMWP), either amorphous or amyloid, which could result in potential loss of biological activity and short- or long-term immune reaction and silent inactivation. In this narrative review, we present perspective of the aggregation of therapeutic polypeptides used in diabetes and other metabolic diseases, covering the nature and mechanisms, analytical techniques, physical and chemical stability, strategies aimed to hamper the formation of HMWP, and perspectives on future biopharmaceutical developments.
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Movafaghi S, Daniels AL, Kelly MD, Witeof AE, Calderon CP, Randolph TW, Goodwin AP. Hydrogel Coatings on Container Surfaces Reduce Protein Aggregation Caused by Mechanical Stress and Cavitation. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:6946-6953. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanli Movafaghi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Austin L. Daniels
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Mary D. Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Alyssa E. Witeof
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christopher P. Calderon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Ursa Analytics, Inc., Denver, Colorado 80212, United States
| | - Theodore W. Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Andrew P. Goodwin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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Maikawa CL, Mann JL, Kannan A, Meis CM, Grosskopf AK, Ou BS, Autzen AAA, Fuller GG, Maahs DM, Appel EA. Engineering Insulin Cold Chain Resilience to Improve Global Access. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3386-3395. [PMID: 34213889 PMCID: PMC8627795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There are 150 million people with diabetes worldwide who require insulin replacement therapy, and the prevalence of diabetes is rising the fastest in middle- and low-income countries. The current formulations require costly refrigerated transport and storage to prevent loss of insulin integrity. This study shows the development of simple "drop-in" amphiphilic copolymer excipients to maintain formulation integrity, bioactivity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics for over 6 months when subjected to severe stressed aging conditions that cause current commercial formulation to fail in under 2 weeks. Further, when these copolymers are added to Humulin R (Eli Lilly) in original commercial packaging, they prevent insulin aggregation for up to 4 days at 50 °C compared to less than 1 day for Humulin R alone. These copolymers demonstrate promise as simple formulation additives to increase the cold chain resilience of commercial insulin formulations, thereby expanding global access to these critical drugs for treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L. Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford California 94305, United States
| | - Joseph L. Mann
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Aadithya Kannan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Catherine M. Meis
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Abigail K. Grosskopf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ben S. Ou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford California 94305, United States
| | - Anton A. A. Autzen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Gerald G. Fuller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - David M. Maahs
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric A. Appel
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford CHEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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31
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Dec R, Dzwolak W. A tale of two tails: Self-assembling properties of A- and B-chain parts of insulin's highly amyloidogenic H-fragment. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:510-518. [PMID: 34271044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to the spontaneous transition of native insulin into therapeutically inactive amyloid, prolonged storage decreases effectiveness of the hormone in treatment of diabetes. Various regions of the amino acid sequence have been implicated in insulin aggregation. Here, we focus on smaller fragments of the highly amyloidogenic H-peptide comprising disulfide-bonded N-terminal sections of insulin's A-chain (13 residues) and B-chain (11 residues). Aggregation patterns of N-terminal fragments of A-chain (ACC1-13, ACC1-11, ACC6-13, ACC6-11, all retaining Cys6A-Cys11A disulfide bond) and B-chain (B1-11(7A)) are examined at acidic and neutral pH. ACC1-11 is the smallest fragment found to be amyloidogenic at either pH; removal of the N-terminal GIVEQ section renders this fragment entirely non-amyloidogenic. The self-assembling properties of ACC1-11 contrast with aggregation-resistant behavior of B1-11(7A) and its disulfide-linked homodimer, (B1-11)2 aggregating only at neutral pH. Fibrillar ACC1-11 is similar to insulin amyloid in terms of morphology and infrared features. Secondary nucleation is likely to account for the detected shortening of insulin aggregation lag phase at neutral pH upon cross-seeding with pre-formed fibrils of ACC1-11 or (B1-11)2. An aggregation-enhancing effect of monomeric ACC1-11 on co-dissolved native insulin is also observed. Our findings are discussed in the context of mechanisms of insulin aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dzwolak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Mann JL, Maikawa CL, Smith AAA, Grosskopf AK, Baker SW, Roth GA, Meis CM, Gale EC, Liong CS, Correa S, Chan D, Stapleton LM, Yu AC, Muir B, Howard S, Postma A, Appel EA. An ultrafast insulin formulation enabled by high-throughput screening of engineered polymeric excipients. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/550/eaba6676. [PMID: 32611683 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba6676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin has been used to treat diabetes for almost 100 years; yet, current rapid-acting insulin formulations do not have sufficiently fast pharmacokinetics to maintain tight glycemic control at mealtimes. Dissociation of the insulin hexamer, the primary association state of insulin in rapid-acting formulations, is the rate-limiting step that leads to delayed onset and extended duration of action. A formulation of insulin monomers would more closely mimic endogenous postprandial insulin secretion, but monomeric insulin is unstable in solution using present formulation strategies and rapidly aggregates into amyloid fibrils. Here, we implement high-throughput-controlled radical polymerization techniques to generate a large library of acrylamide carrier/dopant copolymer (AC/DC) excipients designed to reduce insulin aggregation. Our top-performing AC/DC excipient candidate enabled the development of an ultrafast-absorbing insulin lispro (UFAL) formulation, which remains stable under stressed aging conditions for 25 ± 1 hours compared to 5 ± 2 hours for commercial fast-acting insulin lispro formulations (Humalog). In a porcine model of insulin-deficient diabetes, UFAL exhibited peak action at 9 ± 4 min, whereas commercial Humalog exhibited peak action at 25 ± 10 min. These ultrafast kinetics make UFAL a promising candidate for improving glucose control and reducing burden for patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Mann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anton A A Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA.,Department of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Abigail K Grosskopf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sam W Baker
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gillie A Roth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Catherine M Meis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Emily C Gale
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Celine S Liong
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Santiago Correa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Doreen Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Anthony C Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ben Muir
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Shaun Howard
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Almar Postma
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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33
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Hanke M, Yang Y, Ji Y, Grundmeier G, Keller A. Nanoscale Surface Topography Modulates hIAPP Aggregation Pathways at Solid-Liquid Interfaces. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105142. [PMID: 34067963 PMCID: PMC8152259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects that solid–liquid interfaces exert on the aggregation of proteins and peptides are of high relevance for various fields of basic and applied research, ranging from molecular biology and biomedicine to nanotechnology. While the influence of surface chemistry has received a lot of attention in this context, the role of surface topography has mostly been neglected so far. In this work, therefore, we investigate the aggregation of the type 2 diabetes-associated peptide hormone hIAPP in contact with flat and nanopatterned silicon oxide surfaces. The nanopatterned surfaces are produced by ion beam irradiation, resulting in well-defined anisotropic ripple patterns with heights and periodicities of about 1.5 and 30 nm, respectively. Using time-lapse atomic force microscopy, the morphology of the hIAPP aggregates is characterized quantitatively. Aggregation results in both amorphous aggregates and amyloid fibrils, with the presence of the nanopatterns leading to retarded fibrillization and stronger amorphous aggregation. This is attributed to structural differences in the amorphous aggregates formed at the nanopatterned surface, which result in a lower propensity for nucleating amyloid fibrillization. Our results demonstrate that nanoscale surface topography may modulate peptide and protein aggregation pathways in complex and intricate ways.
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Gangarde YM, Das A, Ajit J, Saraogi I. Synthesis and Evaluation of Arylamides with Hydrophobic Side Chains for Insulin Aggregation Inhibition. Chempluschem 2021; 86:750-757. [PMID: 33949802 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Insulin, a peptide hormone, forms fibrils under aberrant physiological conditions leading to a reduction in its biological activity. To ameliorate insulin aggregation, we have synthesized a small library of oligopyridylamide foldamers decorated with different combination of hydrophobic side chains. Screening of these compounds for insulin aggregation inhibition using a Thioflavin-T assay resulted in the identification of a few hit molecules. The best hit molecule, BPAD2 inhibited insulin aggregation with an IC50 value of 0.9 μM. Mechanistic analyses suggested that BPAD2 inhibited secondary nucleation and elongation processes during aggregation. The hit molecules worked in a mechanistically distinct manner, thereby underlining the importance of structure-activity relationship studies in obtaining a molecular understanding of protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh M Gangarde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Anirban Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Jainu Ajit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Ishu Saraogi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
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35
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Zheng K, Ren D, Wang YJ, Lilyestrom W, Scherer T, Hong JKY, Ji JA. Monoclonal Antibody Aggregation Associated with Free Radical Induced Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083952. [PMID: 33921206 PMCID: PMC8070435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation is an important degradation pathway of protein drugs. The susceptibility to oxidation is a common concern for therapeutic proteins as it may impact product efficacy and patient safety. In this work, we used 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) as an oxidative stress reagent to evaluate the oxidation of therapeutic antibodies. In addition to the oxidation of methionine (Met) and tryptophan (Trp) residues, we also observed an increase of protein aggregation. Size-exclusion chromatography and multi-angle light scattering showed that the soluble aggregates induced by AAPH consist of dimer, tetramer, and higher-order aggregate species. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that inter-molecular disulfide bonds contributed to the protein aggregation. Furthermore, intrinsic fluorescence spectra suggested that dimerization of tyrosine (Tyr) residues could account for the non-reducible cross-links. An excipient screening study demonstrated that Trp, pyridoxine, or Tyr could effectively reduce protein aggregation due to oxidative stress. This work provides valuable insight into the mechanisms of oxidative-stress induced protein aggregation, as well as strategies to minimize such aggregate formation during the development and storage of therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (Y.J.W.); (W.L.); (T.S.); (J.A.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Diya Ren
- Oceanside Pharmaceutical Technical Development, Genentech, Oceanside, CA 92056, USA;
| | - Y. John Wang
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (Y.J.W.); (W.L.); (T.S.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Wayne Lilyestrom
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (Y.J.W.); (W.L.); (T.S.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Thomas Scherer
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (Y.J.W.); (W.L.); (T.S.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Justin K. Y. Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Junyan A. Ji
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (Y.J.W.); (W.L.); (T.S.); (J.A.J.)
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37
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Oakey A, Waters T, Zhu W, Royall PG, Cherrett T, Courtney P, Majoe D, Jelev N. Quantifying the Effects of Vibration on Medicines in Transit Caused by Fixed-Wing and Multi-Copter Drones. Drones 2021; 5:22. [DOI: 10.3390/drones5010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The concept of transporting medical products by drone is gaining a lot of interest amongst the medical and logistics communities. Such innovation has generated several questions, a key one being the potential effects of flight on the stability of medical products. The aims of this study were to quantify the vibration present within drone flight, study its effect on the quality of the medical insulin through live flight trials, and compare the effects of vibration from drone flight with traditional road transport. Three trials took place in which insulin ampoules and mock blood stocks were transported to site and flown using industry standard packaging by a fixed-wing or a multi-copter drone. Triaxial vibration measurements were acquired, both in-flight and during road transit, from which overall levels and frequency spectra were derived. British Pharmacopeia quality tests were undertaken in which the UV spectra of the flown insulin samples were compared to controls of known turbidity. In-flight vibration levels in both the drone types exceeded road induced levels by up to a factor of three, and predominant vibration occurred at significantly higher frequencies. Flown samples gave clear insulin solutions that met the British Pharmacopoeia specification, and no aggregation of insulin was detected.
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38
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Tange H, Ishibashi D, Nakagaki T, Taguchi Y, Kamatari YO, Ozawa H, Nishida N. Liquid-liquid phase separation of full-length prion protein initiates conformational conversion in vitro. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100367. [PMID: 33545172 PMCID: PMC8289115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are characterized by the accumulation of amyloid fibrils. The causative agent is an infectious amyloid that comprises solely misfolded prion protein (PrPSc). Prions can convert normal cellular prion protein (PrPC) to protease K-resistance prion protein fragment (PrP-res) in vitro; however, the intermediate steps involved in this spontaneous conversion still remain unknown. We investigated whether recombinant prion protein (rPrP) can directly convert into PrP-res via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in the absence of PrPSc. We found that rPrP underwent LLPS at the interface of the aqueous two-phase system of polyethylene glycol and dextran, whereas single-phase conditions were not inducible. Fluorescence recovery assay after photobleaching revealed that the liquid-solid phase transition occurred within a short time. The aged rPrP-gel acquired a proteinase-resistant amyloid accompanied by β-sheet conversion, as confirmed by Western blotting, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Congo red staining. The reactions required both the N-terminal region of rPrP (amino acids 23-89) and kosmotropic salts, suggesting that the kosmotropic anions may interact with the N-terminal region of rPrP to promote LLPS. Thus, structural conversion via LLPS and liquid-solid phase transition could be the intermediate steps in the conversion of prions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Tange
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Ishibashi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakagaki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Taguchi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Ozawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Huyst AM, Deleu LJ, Luyckx T, Lambrecht MA, Van Camp J, Delcour JA, Van der Meeren P. Influence of hydrophobic interfaces and shear on ovalbumin amyloid-like fibril formation in oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Maikawa CL, d'Aquino AI, Lal RA, Buckingham BA, Appel EA. Engineering biopharmaceutical formulations to improve diabetes management. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabd6726. [PMID: 33504649 PMCID: PMC8004356 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd6726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Insulin was first isolated almost a century ago, yet commercial formulations of insulin and its analogs for hormone replacement therapy still fall short of appropriately mimicking endogenous glycemic control. Moreover, the controlled delivery of complementary hormones (such as amylin or glucagon) is complicated by instability of the pharmacologic agents and complexity of maintaining multiple infusions. In this review, we highlight the advantages and limitations of recent advances in drug formulation that improve protein stability and pharmacokinetics, prolong drug delivery, or enable alternative dosage forms for the management of diabetes. With controlled delivery, these formulations could improve closed-loop glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrea I d'Aquino
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rayhan A Lal
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bruce A Buckingham
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin adsorption to clinical materials has been well observed, but not well quantified. Insulin adsorption reduces expected and actual insulin delivery and is unaccounted for in insulin therapy or glycemic control. It may thus contribute to poor control and high glycemic variability. This research quantifies the problem in the context of clinical use. METHOD Experimental insulin adsorption data from literature is used to calculate insulin delivery and total insulin adsorption capacities for polyethylene (PE) and polyvinal chloride (PVC) lines at clinically relevant flow rates and concentrations. RESULTS Insulin adsorption capacity decreased hyperbolically with flow rate for both PE and PVC, where low flow scenarios result in greater insulin adherence to infusion lines. When the infusion flow rate was halved from 1 to 0.5 mL/h, twice as much insulin adsorbed to the line. Insulin loss to adsorption resulted in up to ~50% of intended insulin not delivered over 24 hours in a low flow and low concentration context. CONCLUSION Material capacity for insulin adsorption is not constant, but increases with decreasing flow. Different materials have different adsorption capacities. In low flow and low concentration contexts, such as in neonatal or pediatric intensive care, insulin loss to adsorption represents a significant proportion of daily insulin delivery, which needs to be accounted for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Knopp
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Jennifer L. Knopp, PhD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, 20 Kirkwood Ave, Riccarton, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
| | - Kaia Bishop
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Theodore Lerios
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J. Geoffrey Chase
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Ma J, Su C, Hu S, Chen Y, Shu Y, Yue D, Zhang B, Qi Z, Li S, Wang X, Kuang Y, Cheng P. The Effect of Residual Triton X-100 on Structural Stability and Infection Activity of Adenovirus Particles. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 19:35-46. [PMID: 32995358 PMCID: PMC7490641 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To ensure the high purity and biological activity of the adenovirus vector to be used for clinical applications, a stable and linearly scalable preparation method is highly imperative. During the adenovirus-harvesting process, the Triton X-100-based lysis method possesses the advantages of higher efficiency as well as easier linearization and amplification. Most Triton X-100 can be removed from the adenovirus sample by chromatographic purification. However, there is no report that a small amount of residual Triton X-100, present in adenovirus sample, can affect the particle integrity, infectivity, and structure of adenoviruses. Here, we found that although residual Triton X-100 affected the short-term stability, purity, infectivity, and structure of adenoviruses at 37°C, it did not hamper these properties of adenoviruses at 4°C. This study suggests that although the Triton X-100-based lysis method is a simple, efficient, and easy-to-scale process for lysing host cells to release the adenovirus, the storage conditions of adenovirus products must be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shichuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yanwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yongheng Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Dan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhongbing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Suli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xilei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yueting Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
- Corresponding author: Ping Cheng, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People’s South Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Wang L, Xin B, Elsukova A, Eklund P, Solin N. Mechanochemical Formation of Protein Nanofibril: Graphene Nanoplatelet Hybrids and Their Thermoelectric Properties. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2020; 8:17368-17378. [PMID: 33335814 PMCID: PMC7735786 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c05048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hybrids between biopolymeric materials and low-cost conductive carbon-based materials are interesting materials for applications in electronics, potentially reducing the need for materials that generate environmentally harmful electronic waste. Herein we investigate a scalable ball-milling method to form graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) by milling graphite flakes with aqueous dispersions of proteins or protein nanofibrils (PNFs). Aqueous GNP dispersions with high concentrations (up to 3.2 mg mL-1) are obtained under appropriate conditions. The PNFs/proteins help to exfoliate graphite and stabilize the resulting GNP dispersions by electrostatic repulsion. PNFs are prepared from hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and β-lactoglobulin (BLG). The GNP dispersions can be processed into free-standing films having an electrical conductivity of up to 110 S m-1. Alternatively, the GNP dispersions can be drop-cast on PET substrates, resulting in mechanically flexible films having an electrical conductivity of up to 65 S m-1. The drop-cast films are investigated regarding their thermoelectric properties, having Seebeck coefficients of about 50 μV K-1. By annealing drop-cast films and thus carbonizing residual PNFs, an increase of electrical conductivity, coupled with a modest decrease in Seebeck coefficient, is obtained resulting in materials displaying power factors of up to 4.6 μW m-1 K-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Electronic
and Photonic Materials Division, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping
University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Binbin Xin
- Thin
Film Physics Division, Department of Physics,
Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Anna Elsukova
- Thin
Film Physics Division, Department of Physics,
Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Per Eklund
- Thin
Film Physics Division, Department of Physics,
Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Niclas Solin
- Electronic
and Photonic Materials Division, Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping
University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
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Thorat AA, Munjal B, Geders TW, Suryanarayanan R. Freezing-induced protein aggregation - Role of pH shift and potential mitigation strategies. J Control Release 2020; 323:591-599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Saha P, Santi M, Frenken M, Palanisamy AR, Ganguly R, Singha NK, Pich A. Dual-Temperature-Responsive Microgels from a Zwitterionic Functional Graft Copolymer with Superior Protein Repelling Property. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:895-901. [PMID: 35648523 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed a synthetic strategy to synthesize dual-temperature-responsive low surface fouling zwitterionic microgels. Statistical poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-glycidyl methacrylate) copolymers were synthesized by RAFT polymerization and post-modified by thiol-epoxy click reaction with thiol end-group-modified poly(sulfobetaine) macro-RAFT (PSB-SH) to obtain poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-glycidyl methacrylate)-graft-poly(sulfobetaine) (PVCL-co-PGMA-g-PSB) graft copolymers. Synthesized graft copolymers were cross-linked by diamine cross-linker in water-in-oil (w/o) inverse mini-emulsion to obtain zwitterionic microgels. Using this approach, we synthesized microgels with unique microstructure, high loading and uniform distribution of poly(sulfobetaine) chains, which exhibits tunable dual-volume phase transition temperatures. The microgels also showed excellent antifouling property reflected in strongly reduced protein absorption on a microgel-coated surface observed in real time by a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring experiment with continuous flow of protein solution. Therefore, this kind of zwitterionic microgel can be potentially used for temperature-triggered drug delivery and anti-bioadhesion coating material as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabitra Saha
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marta Santi
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Frenken
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anand Raj Palanisamy
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritabrata Ganguly
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Nikhil K. Singha
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Presas E, Sultan E, Gervasi V, Crean AM, Werner U, Bazile D, O'Driscoll CM. Long-term stability of insulin glulisine loaded nanoparticles formulated using an amphiphilic cyclodextrin and designed for intestinal delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1073-1079. [PMID: 32478645 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1775631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Long-term stability is one of the main challenges for translation of therapeutic proteins into commercially viable biopharmaceutical products. During processing and storage, proteins are susceptible to denaturation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the stability of amphiphilic cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles (NPs) containing insulin glulisine. The stability of the NP dispersion was systematically evaluated following storage at three different temperatures (4 °C, room temperature (RT) and 40 °C). While the colloidal parameters of the NPs in terms of size and zeta potential were maintained (109 ± 9 nm, polydispersity index 0.272, negative zeta potential -25 ± 3 mV), insulin degraded over 60 days during storage. To enhance the shelf life of the product and to circumvent the need for cold-chain maintenance, a lyophilized formulation containing insulin glulisine NPs (1.75 mg/mL of NPs) and 25 mg/mL trehalose was produced. The freeze-dried powder extended the stability of the product for up to 30 days at ambient temperature and 90 days at 4 °C (with 95% and >80% insulin recovery, respectively). Following intra-intestinal administration of the freeze-dried formulation, while no lowering of blood glucose was seen, insulin glulisine was detected in both portal and systemic blood indicating that potential exists for further development of the formulation to simultaneously achieve prolonged stability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Presas
- Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eric Sultan
- Sanofi Research and Development, Paris, France.,Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Valeria Gervasi
- Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Abina M Crean
- Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ulrich Werner
- Sanofi Research and Development, Paris, France.,Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Didier Bazile
- Sanofi Research and Development, Paris, France.,Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
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Delfi M, Leone S, Emendato A, Ami D, Borriello M, Natalello A, Iannuzzi C, Picone D. Understanding the self-assembly pathways of a single chain variant of monellin: A first step towards the design of sweet nanomaterials. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:21-29. [PMID: 32088237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins possess an inherent tendency to self-assemble, prompting the formation of amyloid aggregates from their soluble and functional states. Amyloids are linked to many devastating diseases, but self-assembling proteins can also represent formidable tools to produce new and sustainable biomaterials for biomedical and biotechnological applications. The mechanism of fibrillar aggregation, which influences the morphology and the properties of the protein aggregates, depend on factors such as pH, ionic strength, temperature, agitation, and protein concentration. We have here used intensive mechanical agitation, with or without beads, to prompt the aggregation of the single-chain derivative of the plant protein monellin, named MNEI, which is a well characterized sweet protein. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation of fibrils several micrometers long, morphologically different from the previously characterized fibers of MNEI. Changes in the protein secondary structures during the aggregation process were monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which detected differences in the conformation of the final aggregates obtained under mechanical agitation. Moreover, soluble oligomers could be detected in the early phases of aggregation by polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis. These findings emphasize the existence of multiple pathways of fibrillar aggregation for MNEI, which could be exploited for the design of innovative protein-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Leone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Emendato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Diletta Ami
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Borriello
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Natalello
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Clara Iannuzzi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Delia Picone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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48
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Frost TS, Jiang L, Zohar Y. Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Epithelial/Endothelial Cell Barriers in Microfluidic Bilayer Devices with an Air-Liquid Interface. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:mi11050536. [PMID: 32466113 PMCID: PMC7281310 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As the range of applications of organs-on-chips is broadening, the evaluation of aerosol-based therapies using a lung-on-a-chip model has become an attractive approach. Inhalation therapies are not only minimally invasive but also provide optimal pharmacokinetic conditions for drug absorption. As drug development evolves, it is likely that better screening through use of organs-on-chips can significantly save time and cost. In this work, bio-aerosols of various compounds including insulin were generated using a jet nebulizer. The aerosol flows were driven through microfluidic bilayer devices establishing an air–liquid interface to mimic the blood–air barrier in human small airways. The aerosol flow in the microfluidic devices has been characterized and adjusted to closely match physiological values. The permeability of several compounds, including paracellular and transcellular biomarkers, across epithelial/endothelial cell barriers was measured. Concentration–time plots were established in microfluidic devices with and without cells; the curves were then utilized to extract standard pharmacokinetic parameters such as the area under the curve, maximum concentration, and time to maximum concentration. The cell barrier significantly affected the measured pharmacokinetic parameters, as compound absorption through the barrier decreases with its increasing molecular size. Aerosolizing insulin can lead to the formation of fibrils, prior to its entry to the microfluidic device, with a substantially larger apparent molecular size effectively blocking its paracellular transport. The results demonstrate the advantage of using lung-on-a-chip for drug discovery with applications such as development of novel inhaled therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S. Frost
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Linan Jiang
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Yitshak Zohar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
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50
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Sanwal R, Khosraviani N, Advani SL, Advani A, Lee WL. The Endothelial Barrier Is not Rate-limiting to Insulin Action in the Myocardium of Male Mice. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5760840. [PMID: 32103251 PMCID: PMC7069687 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To act on tissues, circulating insulin must perfuse the relevant organ and then leave the bloodstream by crossing the endothelium-a process known as insulin delivery. It has been postulated that the continuous endothelium is a rate-limiting barrier to insulin delivery but existing data are contradictory. This conflict is in part due to the limitations of current models, including the inability to maintain a constant blood pressure in animals and the absence of shear stress in cultured cells. We developed a murine cardiac ex vivo perfusion model that delivers insulin to the heart in situ at a constant flow. We hypothesized that if the endothelial barrier were rate-limiting to insulin delivery, increasing endothelial permeability would accelerate insulin action. The kinetics of myocardial insulin action were determined in the presence or absence of agents that increased endothelial permeability. Permeability was measured using Evans Blue, which binds with high affinity to albumin. During our experiments, the myocardium remained sensitive to insulin and the vasculature retained barrier integrity. Perfusion with insulin induced Akt phosphorylation in myocytes but not in the endothelium. Infusion of platelet-activating factor or vascular endothelial growth factor significantly increased permeability to albumin without altering insulin action. Amiloride, an inhibitor of fluid-phase uptake, also did not alter insulin action. These data suggest that the endothelial barrier is not rate limiting to insulin's action in the heart; its passage out of the coronary circulation is consistent with diffusion or convection. Modulation of transendothelial transport to overcome insulin resistance is unlikely to be a viable therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Sanwal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Negar Khosraviani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne L Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Warren L Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Correspondence: Warren L. Lee, MD, PhD, St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada. E-mail:
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