1
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Wai T. Is mitochondrial morphology important for cellular physiology? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00123-1. [PMID: 38866638 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles the network morphology of which in cells is shaped by opposing events of fusion and fission executed by dynamin-like GTPases. Mutations in these genes can perturb the form and functions of mitochondria in cell and animal models of mitochondrial diseases. An expanding array of chemical, mechanical, and genetic stressors can converge on mitochondrial-shaping proteins and disrupt mitochondrial morphology. In recent years, studies aimed at disentangling the multiple roles of mitochondrial-shaping proteins beyond fission or fusion have provided insights into the homeostatic relevance of mitochondrial morphology. Here, I review the pleiotropy of mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins with the aim of understanding whether mitochondrial morphology is important for cell and tissue physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Wai
- Institut Pasteur, Mitochondrial Biology, CNRS UMR 3691, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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2
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Li Q, Zhang S, Yang G, Wang X, Liu F, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhou T, Xie D, Liu Y, Zhang L. Energy metabolism: A critical target of cardiovascular injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115271. [PMID: 37544284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main killers threatening human health. Many studies have shown that abnormal energy metabolism plays a key role in the occurrence and development of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. Regulating cardiac energy metabolism is a frontier topic in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, we are not very clear about the choice of different substrates, the specific mechanism of energy metabolism participating in the course of cardiovascular disease, and how to develop appropriate drugs to regulate energy metabolism to treat cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this paper reviews how energy metabolism participates in cardiovascular pathophysiological processes and potential drugs aimed at interfering energy metabolism.It is expected to provide good suggestions for promoting the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases from the perspective of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shangzu Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gengqiang Yang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fuxian Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dingxiong Xie
- Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, LanZhou, China.
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Liying Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, LanZhou, China.
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3
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Zhang B, Li X, Liu G, Zhang C, Zhang X, Shen Q, Sun G, Sun X. Peroxiredomin-4 ameliorates lipotoxicity-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111780. [PMID: 34130124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one severe complication in the diabetes, leads to high mortality in the diabetic patients. However, the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying DCM is far from completion. Herein, we investigated the disease-related differences in the proteomes of DCM based on db/db mice and verified the protective roles of peroxiredoxin-4 (Prdx4) in H9c2 cardiomyocytes treated by palmitic acid (PA). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cardiac function was detected in the 6-month-old control and diabetic mice. The hearts were then collected and analyzed by a coupled label-free and mass spectrometry approach. In vivo investigation indicated that body weight and FBG of db/db mice markedly increased, and diabetic heart exhibited obvious cardiac hypertrophy and lipid droplet accumulation, and cardiac dysfunction as is indicated by the increases of left ventricle posterior wall thickness in systole (LVPWd) and diastole (LVPWs), and reduction of fractional shortening (FS). We used proteomic analysis and then detected a grand total of 2636 proteins. 175 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were markedly detected in the diabetic heart. Thereinto, Prdx4 was markedly down-regulated in the diabetic heart. In vitro experiments revealed that 250 μM PA significantly inhibited viability of H9c2 cell. PA induced much accumulation of lipid droplet in cardiomyocytes and resulted in an increase of mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes (FASN and SCD1) and cardiac hypertrophic genes. Additionally, protein level of Prdx4 evidently reduced in the PA-treated H9c2 cell. It was further found that shRNA-mediated Prdx4 knockdown exacerbated PA-induced oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas overexpressing Prdx4 in the H9c2 cells noteworthily limited PA-induced ROS generation and cardiomyocytes apoptosis. These data collectively reveal the essential role of abnormal Prdx4 in pathological alteration of DCM, and provide potentially therapeutic target for the prevention of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guoxin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qiang Shen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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4
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Tan Y, Xia F, Li L, Peng X, Liu W, Zhang Y, Fang H, Zeng Z, Chen Z. Novel Insights into the Molecular Features and Regulatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dynamic Disorder in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6669075. [PMID: 33688392 PMCID: PMC7914101 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6669075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria maintain mitochondrial homeostasis through continuous fusion and fission, that is, mitochondrial dynamics, which is precisely mediated by mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins, including dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusin 1 and 2 (Mfn1/2), and optic atrophy 1 (OPA1). When the mitochondrial fission and fusion of cardiomyocytes are out of balance, they will cause their own morphology and function disorders, which damage the structure and function of the heart, are involved in the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease such as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), septic cardiomyopathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this paper, we focus on the latest findings regarding the molecular features and regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamic disorder in cardiovascular pathologies. Finally, we will address how these findings can be applied to improve the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengfan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, 528300 Guangdong, China
| | - Lulan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaojie Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenqian Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haihong Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhongqing Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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5
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AMPK, Mitochondrial Function, and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144987. [PMID: 32679729 PMCID: PMC7404275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is in charge of numerous catabolic and anabolic signaling pathways to sustain appropriate intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels in response to energetic and/or cellular stress. In addition to its conventional roles as an intracellular energy switch or fuel gauge, emerging research has shown that AMPK is also a redox sensor and modulator, playing pivotal roles in maintaining cardiovascular processes and inhibiting disease progression. Pharmacological reagents, including statins, metformin, berberine, polyphenol, and resveratrol, all of which are widely used therapeutics for cardiovascular disorders, appear to deliver their protective/therapeutic effects partially via AMPK signaling modulation. The functions of AMPK during health and disease are far from clear. Accumulating studies have demonstrated crosstalk between AMPK and mitochondria, such as AMPK regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction causing abnormal AMPK activity. In this review, we begin with the description of AMPK structure and regulation, and then focus on the recent advances toward understanding how mitochondrial dysfunction controls AMPK and how AMPK, as a central mediator of the cellular response to energetic stress, maintains mitochondrial homeostasis. Finally, we systemically review how dysfunctional AMPK contributes to the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases via the impact on mitochondrial function.
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6
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Rosdah AA, Smiles WJ, Oakhill JS, Scott JW, Langendorf CG, Delbridge LMD, Holien JK, Lim SY. New perspectives on the role of Drp1 isoforms in regulating mitochondrial pathophysiology. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107594. [PMID: 32473962 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles constantly undergoing fusion and fission. A concerted balance between the process of mitochondrial fusion and fission is required to maintain cellular health under different physiological conditions. Mutation and dysregulation of Drp1, the major driver of mitochondrial fission, has been associated with various neurological, oncological and cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, when subjected to pathological insults, mitochondria often undergo excessive fission, generating fragmented and dysfunctional mitochondria leading to cell death. Therefore, manipulating mitochondrial fission by targeting Drp1 has been an appealing therapeutic approach for cytoprotection. However, studies have been inconsistent. Studies employing Drp1 constructs representing alternate Drp1 isoforms, have demonstrated differing impacts of these isoforms on mitochondrial fission and cell death. Furthermore, there are distinct expression patterns of Drp1 isoforms in different tissues, suggesting idiosyncratic engagement in specific cellular functions. In this review, we will discuss these inherent variations among human Drp1 isoforms and how they could affect Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeshah A Rosdah
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia; Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William J Smiles
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia
| | - John W Scott
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia; Protein Chemistry and Metabolism Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher G Langendorf
- Protein Chemistry and Metabolism Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica K Holien
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Structural Bioinformatics and Drug Discovery, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shiang Y Lim
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia; Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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7
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Morciano G, Patergnani S, Bonora M, Pedriali G, Tarocco A, Bouhamida E, Marchi S, Ancora G, Anania G, Wieckowski MR, Giorgi C, Pinton P. Mitophagy in Cardiovascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030892. [PMID: 32214047 PMCID: PMC7141512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death. Increasing evidence has shown that pharmacological or genetic targeting of mitochondria can ameliorate each stage of these pathologies, which are strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Removal of inefficient and dysfunctional mitochondria through the process of mitophagy has been reported to be essential for meeting the energetic requirements and maintaining the biochemical homeostasis of cells. This process is useful for counteracting the negative phenotypic changes that occur during cardiovascular diseases, and understanding the molecular players involved might be crucial for the development of potential therapies. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on mitophagy (and autophagy) mechanisms in the context of heart disease with an important focus on atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. We aim to provide a complete background on the mechanisms of action of this mitochondrial quality control process in cardiology and in cardiac surgery by also reviewing studies on the use of known compounds able to modulate mitophagy for cardioprotective purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Morciano
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy; (G.M.); (S.P.); (G.P.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy; (G.M.); (S.P.); (G.P.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Gaia Pedriali
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy; (G.M.); (S.P.); (G.P.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Anna Tarocco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital S. Anna Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Esmaa Bouhamida
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Gina Ancora
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Infermi Hospital Rimini, 47923 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Anania
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of General and Thoracic Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy; (G.M.); (S.P.); (G.P.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Kennedy NW, Picton LK, Hill RB. Isolation and Analysis of Mitochondrial Fission Enzyme DNM1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2159:3-15. [PMID: 32529359 PMCID: PMC8040746 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0676-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission, an essential process for mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis, is accomplished by evolutionarily conserved members of the dynamin superfamily of large GTPases. These enzymes couple the hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate to the mechanical work of membrane remodeling that ultimately leads to membrane scission. The importance of mitochondrial dynamins is exemplified by mutations in the human family member that causes neonatal lethality. In this chapter, we describe the subcloning, purification, and preliminary characterization of the budding yeast mitochondrial dynamin, DNM1, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is the first mitochondrial dynamin isolated from native sources. The yeast-purified enzyme exhibits assembly-stimulated hydrolysis of GTP similar to other fission dynamins, but differs from the enzyme isolated from non-native sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan W Kennedy
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lora K Picton
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - R Blake Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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9
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Mitochondrial dynamics and their potential as a therapeutic target. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:269-283. [PMID: 31228566 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics shape the mitochondrial network and contribute to mitochondrial function and quality control. Mitochondrial fusion and division are integrated into diverse cellular functions and respond to changes in cell physiology. Imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics are associated with a range of diseases that are broadly characterized by impaired mitochondrial function and increased cell death. In various disease models, modulating mitochondrial fusion and division with either small molecules or genetic approaches has improved function. Although additional mechanistic understanding of mitochondrial fusion and division will be critical to inform further therapeutic approaches, mitochondrial dynamics represent a powerful therapeutic target in a wide range of human diseases.
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10
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Verrigni D, Di Nottia M, Ardissone A, Baruffini E, Nasca A, Legati A, Bellacchio E, Fagiolari G, Martinelli D, Fusco L, Battaglia D, Trani G, Versienti G, Marchet S, Torraco A, Rizza T, Verardo M, D'Amico A, Diodato D, Moroni I, Lamperti C, Petrini S, Moggio M, Goffrini P, Ghezzi D, Carrozzo R, Bertini E. Clinical-genetic features and peculiar muscle histopathology in infantile DNM1L-related mitochondrial epileptic encephalopathy. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:601-618. [PMID: 30801875 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, undergoing continuous fission and fusion. The DNM1L (dynamin-1 like) gene encodes for the DRP1 protein, an evolutionary conserved member of the dynamin family, responsible for fission of mitochondria, and having a role in the division of peroxisomes, as well. DRP1 impairment is implicated in several neurological disorders and associated with either de novo dominant or compound heterozygous mutations. In five patients presenting with severe epileptic encephalopathy, we identified five de novo dominant DNM1L variants, the pathogenicity of which was validated in a yeast model. Fluorescence microscopy revealed abnormally elongated mitochondria and aberrant peroxisomes in mutant fibroblasts, indicating impaired fission of these organelles. Moreover, a very peculiar finding in our cohort of patients was the presence, in muscle biopsy, of core like areas with oxidative enzyme alterations, suggesting an abnormal distribution of mitochondria in the muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Verrigni
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Di Nottia
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Ardissone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Child Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine DIMET, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Baruffini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessia Nasca
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Legati
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases, Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gigliola Fagiolari
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Unit of Neuromuscular and Rare Disorders, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Fusco
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Battaglia
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Trani
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Versienti
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchet
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Torraco
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Rizza
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Verardo
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele D'Amico
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Diodato
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Child Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Costanza Lamperti
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Scientific Direction, Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moggio
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Unit of Neuromuscular and Rare Disorders, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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11
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Widlansky ME, Hill RB. Mitochondrial regulation of diabetic vascular disease: an emerging opportunity. Transl Res 2018; 202:83-98. [PMID: 30144425 PMCID: PMC6218302 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-related vascular complication rates remain unacceptably high despite guideline-based medical therapies that are significantly more effective in individuals without diabetes. This critical gap represents an opportunity for researchers and clinicians to collaborate on targeting mechanisms and pathways that specifically contribute to vascular pathology in patients with diabetes mellitus. Dysfunctional mitochondria producing excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) play a proximal cell-signaling role in the development of vascular endothelial dysfunction in the setting of diabetes. Targeting the mechanisms of production of mtROS or mtROS themselves represents an attractive method to reduce the prevalence and severity of diabetic vascular disease. This review focuses on the role of mitochondria in the development of diabetic vascular disease and current developments in methods to improve mitochondrial health to improve vascular outcomes in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Widlansky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - R Blake Hill
- Department of Biochemisty, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Brand CS, Tan VP, Brown JH, Miyamoto S. RhoA regulates Drp1 mediated mitochondrial fission through ROCK to protect cardiomyocytes. Cell Signal 2018; 50:48-57. [PMID: 29953931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, loss of blood flow and its subsequent restoration, causes damage to the heart. Oxidative stress from ischemia/reperfusion leads to dysfunction and death of cardiomyocytes, increasing the risk of progression to heart failure. Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, in particular mitochondrial fission, have been suggested to play a role in cardioprotection from oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that activation of RhoA regulates mitochondrial fission in cardiomyocytes. Our studies show that expression of constitutively active RhoA in cardiomyocytes increases phosphorylation of Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) at serine-616, and leads to localization of Drp1 at mitochondria. Both responses are blocked by inhibition of Rho-associated Protein Kinase (ROCK). Endogenous RhoA activation by the GPCR agonist sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) also increases Drp1 phosphorylation and its mitochondrial translocation in a RhoA and ROCK dependent manner. Consistent with the role of mitochondrial Drp1 in fission, RhoA activation in cardiomyocytes leads to formation of smaller mitochondria and this is attenuated by inhibition of ROCK, by siRNA knockdown of Drp1 or by expression of a phosphorylation-deficient Drp1 S616A mutant. In addition, activation of RhoA prevents cell death in cardiomyocytes challenged by oxidative stress and this protection is blocked by siRNA knockdown of Drp1 or by Drp1 S616A expression. Taken together our findings demonstrate that RhoA activation can regulate Drp1 to induce mitochondrial fission and subsequent cellular protection, implicating regulation of fission as a novel mechanism contributing to RhoA-mediated cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Valerie P Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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Wang B, Nie J, Wu L, Hu Y, Wen Z, Dong L, Zou MH, Chen C, Wang DW. AMPKα2 Protects Against the Development of Heart Failure by Enhancing Mitophagy via PINK1 Phosphorylation. Circ Res 2017; 122:712-729. [PMID: 29284690 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in heart failure (HF). However, the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial functions via selective mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the role of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) in selective mitophagy during HF. METHODS AND RESULTS An isoform shift from AMPKα2 to AMPKα1 was observed in failing heart samples from HF patients and transverse aortic constriction-induced mice, accompanied by decreased mitophagy and mitochondrial function. The recombinant adeno-associated virus Serotype 9-mediated overexpression of AMPKα2 in mouse hearts prevented the development of transverse aortic constriction-induced chronic HF by increasing mitophagy and improving mitochondrial function. In contrast, AMPKα2-/- mutant mice exhibited an exacerbation of the early progression of transverse aortic constriction-induced HF via decreases in cardiac mitophagy. In isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes, AMPKα2 overexpression mechanistically rescued the impairment of mitophagy after phenylephrine stimulation for 24 hours. Genetic knockdown of AMPKα2, but not AMPKα1, by short interfering RNA suppressed the early phase (6 hours) of phenylephrine-induced compensatory increases in mitophagy. Furthermore, AMPKα2 specifically interacted with phosphorylated PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) at Ser495 after phenylephrine stimulation. Subsequently, phosphorylated PINK1 recruited the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Parkin, to depolarized mitochondria, and then enhanced the role of the PINK1-Parkin-SQSTM1 (sequestosome-1) pathway involved in cardiac mitophagy. This increase in cardiac mitophagy was accompanied by the elimination of damaged mitochondria, improvement in mitochondrial function, decrease in reactive oxygen species production, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Finally, Ala mutation of PINK1 at Ser495 partially suppressed AMPKα2 overexpression-induced mitophagy and improvement of mitochondrial function in phenylephrine-stimulated cardiomyocytes, whereas Asp (phosphorylation mimic) mutation promoted mitophagy after phenylephrine stimulation. CONCLUSIONS In failing hearts, the dominant AMPKα isoform switched from AMPKα2 to AMPKα1, which accelerated HF. The results show that phosphorylation of Ser495 in PINK1 by AMPKα2 was essential for efficient mitophagy to prevent the progression of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wang
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Jiali Nie
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Lujin Wu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Yangyang Hu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Zheng Wen
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Lingli Dong
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Chen Chen
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.).
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders (B.W., J.N., L.W., Z.W.,C.C., D.W.W.), and Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College (B.W., Y.H., L.D.), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta (M.-H.Z.).
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