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Marin M, Annunziato KM, Tompach MC, Liang W, Zahn SM, Li S, Doherty J, Lee J, Clark JM, Park Y, Timme-Laragy AR. Maternal PFOS exposure affects offspring development in Nrf2-dependent and independent ways in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquat Toxicol 2024; 271:106923. [PMID: 38669778 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a ubiquitous legacy environmental contaminant detected broadly in human samples and water supplies. PFOS can cross the placenta and has been detected in cord blood and breastmilk samples, underscoring the importance of understanding the impacts of maternal PFOS exposure during early development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a preconception exposure to PFOS on developmental endpoints in offspring, as well as examine the role of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2a) in mediating these effects. This transcription factor regulates the expression of several genes that protect cells against oxidative stress including during embryonic development. Adult female zebrafish were exposed to 0.02, 0.08 or 0.14 mg/L PFOS for 1 week (duration of one cycle of oocyte maturation) and then paired with unexposed males from Nrf2a mutant or wildtype strains. Embryos were collected for two weeks or until completion of 5 breeding events. PFOS was maternally transferred to offspring independent of genotype throughout all breeding events in a dose-dependent manner, ranging from 2.77 to 23.72 ng/embryo in Nrf2a wildtype and 2.40 to 15.80 ng/embryo in Nrf2a mutants. Although embryo viability at collection was not impacted by maternal PFOS exposure, developmental effects related to nutrient uptake, growth and pancreatic β-cell morphology were observed and differed based on genotype. Triglyceride levels were increased in Nrf2a wildtype eggs from the highest PFOS group. In Nrf2a wildtype larvae there was a decrease in yolk sac uptake while in Nrf2a mutants there was an increase. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in pancreatic β-cell (islet) area in wildtype larvae from the 0.14 mg/L PFOS accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of abnormal islet morphologies compared to controls. Abnormal morphology was also observed in the 0.02 and 0.08 mg/L PFOS groups. Interestingly, in Nrf2a mutants there was a significant increase in the pancreatic β-cell area in the 0.02 and 0.08 mg/L PFOS groups and no changes in the prevalence of abnormal islet morphologies. These results suggest that the regulation of processes like nutrient consumption, growth and pancreatic β-cell development are at least partially modulated by the presence of a functional Nrf2a transcriptomic response. Overall, preconception exposure to environmental pollutants, such as PFOS, may impact the maturing oocyte and cause subtle changes that can ultimately impact offspring health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Marin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Biotechnology Training Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Kate M Annunziato
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Madeline C Tompach
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Biotechnology Training Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Wenle Liang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sarah M Zahn
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sida Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jeffery Doherty
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jonghwa Lee
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - John M Clark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Huang D, Gu J, Xue C, Zhang L, Chen X, Wang Y, Liang H, Ren M. Different Starch Sources Affect the Growth Performance and Hepatic Health Status of Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides) in a High-Temperature Environment. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3808. [PMID: 38136845 PMCID: PMC10741064 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of different starch types on the growth performance and liver health status of largemouth bass in a high-temperature environment (33-35 °C). In this study, we designed five diets using corn starch (CS), tapioca starch (TS), sweet potato starch (SPS), potato starch (PS), and wheat starch (WS) as the starch sources (10%). We selected 225 healthy and uniformly sized largemouth bass (199.6 ± 0.43 g) and conducted the feeding experiment for 45 days. The results showed that the WS group had the highest WGR, SGR, and SR and the lowest FCR. Among the five groups, the WS group had the highest CAT activity, SOD activity, and GSH content, while the SPS group had the highest MDA content. Furthermore, oil red O staining of liver samples showed that the TS group had the largest positive region, indicating high lipid accumulation. Lastly, the gene expression results revealed that compared with the WS group, the CS, TS, and SPS groups showed suppressed expression of nrf2, keap1, cat, sod, gpx, il-8, and il-10. Therefore, our results demonstrated the effect of different starch sources on largemouth bass growth performance and hepatic health in a high-temperature environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiaze Gu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Chunyu Xue
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Xiaoru Chen
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Hualiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
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Leonard ER, Marques ES, Roy MA, Conlin SM, Ranjan R, Timme-Laragy AR. Dietary exposure to the food preservative tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) impairs zebrafish (Danio rerio) survival, growth, organ development, and gene expression in Nrf2a-dependent and independent ways. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113788. [PMID: 37075880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a preservative used to prevent oxidative deterioration of oil, fat, and meat products, has been linked to both chemoprotective and adverse effects. This study investigates the impact of dietary tBHQ consumption on survival, growth parameters, organ development, and gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio). As tBHQ activates the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2a), a zebrafish line with a mutation in the DNA-binding domain of Nrf2a was used to identify Nrf2a-dependent vs independent effects. Homozygous Nrf2a wildtype (wt) and mutant (m) larvae were fed a diet containing 5% tBHQ or a control diet. Survival and growth parameters were assessed at 15 days and at 5 months, and samples were collected for RNA sequencing at 5 months. Dietary exposure to tBHQ throughout the larval and juvenile periods negatively impacted growth and survival. RNA-seq analysis found differentially expressed genes related to growth and development and upregulation of several immune system-related pathways. The findings herein demonstrate that dietary tBHQ exposure may impair growth and survival in both Nrf2a dependent and independent manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Leonard
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Emily S Marques
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Monika A Roy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; Biotechnology Training Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sarah M Conlin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Genomics Resource Laboratory, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Xu Y, Peng T, Zhou Q, Zhu J, Liao G, Zou F, Meng X. Evaluation of the oxidative toxicity induced by lead, manganese, and cadmium using genetically modified nrf2a-mutant zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 266:109550. [PMID: 36717045 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become a serious environmental concern and a threat to public health. Three of the most common heavy metals are cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor activated in the response to oxidative stress. In this study, mutant zebrafish with an nrf2a deletion of 7 bp were constructed by the CRISPR/Cas9 system to investigate the oxidative toxicity of these three heavy metals. The results of general toxicity tests showed that Pb exposure did not cause significant damage to mutant zebrafish compared with wild-type (WT) zebrafish. However, high Mn exposure increased mortality and malformation rates in mutant zebrafish. Of concern, Cd exposure caused significant toxic damage, including increased mortality and malformation rates, apoptosis of brain neurons, and severe locomotor behavior aberration in mutant zebrafish. The results of qRT-PCR indicated that Cd exposure could induce the activation of genes related to oxidative stress resistance in WT zebrafish, while the expression of these genes was inhibited in mutant zebrafish. This study showed that of the three heavy metals, Cd had the strongest oxidative toxicity, Mn had medium toxicity, and Pb had the weakest toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gengze Liao
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Marques ES, Severance EG, Min B, Arsenault P, Conlin SM, Timme-Laragy AR. Developmental impacts of Nrf2 activation by dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in the developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:284-297. [PMID: 36528121 PMCID: PMC9906634 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is pharmaceutical activator of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates of many cellular antioxidant response pathways, and has been used to treat inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis. However, DMF has been shown to produce adverse effects on offspring in animal studies and as such is not recommended for use during pregnancy. The goal of this work is to better understand how these adverse effects are initiated and the role of DMF-induced Nrf2 activation during three critical windows of development in embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio): pharyngula, hatching, and protruding-mouth stages. To evaluate Nrf2 activation, wildtype zebrafish, and mutant zebrafish (nrf2afh318/fh318) embryos with a loss of function mutation in Nrf2a, the co-ortholog to human Nrf2, were treated for 6 h with DMF (0-20 μM) beginning at the pharyngula, hatching, or protruding-mouth stage and assessed for survival and morphology. Nrf2a mutant fish had an increase in survival, however, morphology studies demonstrated Nrf2a mutant fish had more severe deformities occurring with exposures during the hatching stage. To verify Nrf2 cellular localization and downstream impacts on protein-S-glutathionylation in situ, a concentration below the LOAEL was chosen (7 μM) for immunohistochemistry and S-glutathionylation. Embryos were imaged via epifluorescence microscopy studies, the Nrf2a protein in the body tissue was decreased with DMF only when exposed at the hatching stage, while total protein S-glutathionylation was modulated by Nrf2a activity and DMF during the pharyngula and protruding-mouth stage. The pancreatic islet and liver were further analyzed via confocal microscopy. Pancreatic islets and liver also had tissue specific differences with Nrf2a protein expression and protein S-glutathionylation. This work demonstrates how critical windows of exposure and Nrf2a activity may influence toxicity of DMF and highlights tissue-specific changes in Nrf2a protein levels and S-glutathionylation in pancreatic islet and liver during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Marques
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Emily G Severance
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Bellis Min
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Paige Arsenault
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sarah M Conlin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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6
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Elizalde-Velázquez GA, Gómez-Oliván LM, García-Medina S, Rosales-Pérez KE, Orozco-Hernández JM, Islas-Flores H, Galar-Martínez M, Hernández-Navarro MD. Chronic exposure to realistic concentrations of metformin prompts a neurotoxic response in Danio rerio adults. Sci Total Environ 2022; 849:157888. [PMID: 35952892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) is among the most consumed drugs around the world, and thus, it is considered the uppermost drug in mass discharged into water settings. Nonetheless, data about the deleterious consequences of MET on water organisms are still scarce and require further investigation. Herein, we aimed to establish whether or not chronic exposure to MET (1, 20, and 40 μg/L) may alter the swimming behavior and induce neurotoxicity in Danio rerio adults. After 4 months of exposure, MET-exposed fish exhibited less swimming activity when compared to control fish. Moreover, compared with the control group, MET significantly inhibited the activity of AChE and induced oxidative damage in the brain of fish. Concerning gene expression, MET significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf1, Nrf2, BAX, p53, BACE1, APP, PSEN1, and downregulated CASP3 and CASP9. Although MET did not overexpress the CASP3 gene, we saw a meaningful rise in the activity of this enzyme in the blood of fish exposed to MET compared to the control group, which we then confirmed by a high number of apoptotic cells in the TUNEL assay. Our findings demonstrate that chronic exposure to MET may impair fish swimming behavior, making them more vulnerable to predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Axel Elizalde-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Karina Elisa Rosales-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Orozco-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - María Dolores Hernández-Navarro
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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7
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Chen C, He M, Li X, Yu L, Liu Y, Yang Y, Li L, Jia J, Li B. H2O2/DEM-Promoted Maft Promoter Demethylation Drives Nrf2/ARE Activation in Zebrafish. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091436. [PMID: 36143473 PMCID: PMC9503143 DOI: 10.3390/life12091436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway is a cell survival response pathway in response to environmental stresses. The Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway can be activated by stimulating cysteine residues at different positions in the Keap1. However, the epigenetic mechanisms of the Nrf2/ARE pathway under different stimuli are still poorly understood. In this study, we found that both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Diethyl Maleate (DEM) activated the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway at 120 hpf in zebrafish. H2O2 regulated the demethylation of the maft promoter by inhibiting the expression of methyltransferase. This promotes the mRNA expression of the Nrf2 binding factor maft, thereby promoting the downstream antioxidant genes. The methylation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway was not significantly regulated by DEM. However, under oxidative stress, the methyltransferase inhibitors (decitabine and azacitidine) demethylated the promoter region of maft. It activated the expression of the maft, further improving the Nrf2/ARE signal pathway. At last, antioxidant target genes were activated. It was shown that H2O2 and DEM cooperated with methyltransferase inhibitors, providing an important reference for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases and breaking new ground for the study of the mechanism of methyltransferase inhibitors in the process of tumor chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Mingyue He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xueting Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Lidong Yu
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Jianbo Jia
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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8
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Abstract
Dioxygen is an integral part of every living organism, but its concentration varies from organ to organ. Production of metabolites from dioxygen may result in oxidative stress. Since oxidative stress has the potential to damage various biomolecules in the cell, therefore, it has presently become an active field of research. Oxidative stress has been studied in a wide range of model organisms from vertebrates to invertebrates, from rodents to piscine organisms, and from in vivo to in vitro models. But zebrafish (adults, larvae, or embryonic stage) emerged out to be the most promising vertebrate model organism to study oxidative stress because of its vast advantages (transparent embryo, cost-effectiveness, similarity to human genome, easy developmental processes, numerous offspring per spawning, and many more). This is evidenced by voluminous number of researches on oxidative stress in zebrafish exposed to chemicals, radiations, nanoparticles, pesticides, heavy metals, etc. On these backgrounds, this review attempts to highlight the potentiality of zebrafish as model of oxidative stress compared with other companion models. Several areas, from biomedical to environmental research, have been covered to explain it as a more convenient and reliable animal model for experimental research on oxidative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabarna Chowdhury
- Aquatic Ecology and Fish Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Surjya Kumar Saikia
- Aquatic Ecology and Fish Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
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Jin B, Xie L, Zhan D, Zhou L, Feng Z, He J, Qin J, Zhao C, Luo L, Li L. Nrf2 dictates the neuronal survival and differentiation of embryonic zebrafish harboring compromised alanyl-tRNA synthetase. Development 2022; 149:276217. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
tRNA synthetase deficiency leads to unfolded protein responses in neuronal disorders; however, its function in embryonic neurogenesis remains unclear. This study identified an aars1cq71/cq71 mutant zebrafish allele that showed increased neuronal apoptosis and compromised neurogenesis. aars1 transcripts were highly expressed in primary neural progenitor cells, and their aberration resulted in protein overloading and activated Perk. nfe2l2b, a paralog of mammalian Nfe2l2, which encodes Nrf2, is a pivotal executor of Perk signaling that regulates neuronal phenotypes in aars1cq71/cq71 mutants. Interference of nfe2l2b in nfe2l2bΔ1/Δ1 mutants did not affect global larval development. However, aars1cq71/cq71;nfe2l2bΔ1/Δ1 mutant embryos exhibited increased neuronal cell survival and neurogenesis compared with their aars1cq71/cq71 siblings. nfe2l2b was harnessed by Perk at two levels. Its transcript was regulated by Chop, an implementer of Perk. It was also phosphorylated by Perk. Both pathways synergistically assured the nuclear functions of nfe2l2b to control cell survival by targeting p53. Our study extends the understanding of tRNA synthetase in neurogenesis and implies that Nrf2 is a cue to mitigate neurodegenerative pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Jin
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Liqin Xie
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Dan Zhan
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Luping Zhou
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Zhi Feng
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Jiangyong He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Jie Qin
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Congjian Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering and informatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications 2 , Chongqing 40065 , China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Southwest University 1 , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Li Li
- Research Center of Stem Cells and Ageing, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 3 , Chongqing 400714 , China
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Roy MA, Gridley CK, Li S, Park Y, Timme-Laragy AR. Nrf2a dependent and independent effects of early life exposure to 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11) in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquat Toxicol 2022; 249:106219. [PMID: 35700651 PMCID: PMC9701526 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The environmental pollutant 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11) is a lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener present in air and water samples. Both PCB-11 and its metabolite, 4-PCB-11-Sulfate, are detected in humans, including in pregnant women. Previous research in zebrafish (Danio rerio) has shown that 0.2 μM exposures to 4-PCB-11-Sulfate starting at 1 day post fertilization (dpf) increase hepatic neutral lipid accumulation in larvae at 15 dpf. Here, we explored whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), known as the master-regulator of the adaptive response to oxidative stress, contributes to metabolic impacts of 4-PCB-11-Sulfate. For this work, embryos were collected from homozygous wildtype or Nrf2a mutant adult zebrafish that also express GFP in pancreatic β-cells, rendering Tg(ins:GFP;nrf2afh318+/+) and Tg(ins:GFP;nrf2afh318-/-) lines. Exposures were conducted from 1-15 dpf to either 0.05% DMSO or DMSO-matched 0.2 µM 4-PCB-11-Sulfate, and at 15 dpf subsets of larvae were imaged for overall morphology, primary pancreatic islet area, and collected for fatty acid profiling and RNAseq. At 15 dpf, independent of genotype, fish exposed to 4-PCB-11-Sulfate survived significantly more at 80-85% compared to 65-73% survival for unexposed fish, and had primary pancreatic islets 8% larger compared to unexposed fish. Fish growth at 15 dpf was dependent on genotype, with Nrf2a mutant fish a significant 3-5% shorter than wildtype fish, and an interaction effect was observed where Nrf2a mutant fish exposed to 4-PCB-11-Sulfate experienced a significant 29% decrease in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA compared to unexposed mutant fish. RNAseq revealed 308 differentially expressed genes, most of which were dependent on genotype. These findings suggest that Nrf2a plays an important role in growth as well as for DHA production in the presence of 4-PCB-11-Sulfate. Further research would be beneficial to understand the importance of Nrf2a throughout the lifecourse, especially in the context of toxicant exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Roy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 171B Goessmann Building, 686 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Biotechnology Training Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Charlotte K Gridley
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 171B Goessmann Building, 686 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Sida Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 171B Goessmann Building, 686 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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11
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Zhu H, Zhang X, Xu S, Wu J, Hou M, Zhao H, Zhou Q, Zhong X. Gene duplication, conservation, and divergence of activating transcription factor 5 gene in zebrafish. J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol 2022; 338:301-313. [PMID: 35226401 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 5 (Atf5) is a member of the ATF/CREB family of transcription factors and involved in diverse cellular functions and diseases in mammals. However, the function of atf5 remains largely unknown in fish. Here, we report the expression pattern and function of duplicated atf5 genes in zebrafish. The results showed that the gene structures of zebrafish atf5a and atf5b were similar to their mammalian orthologs. Zebrafish Atf5a and Atf5b shared an amino acid sequence identity of 40.7%. Zebrafish atf5a and atf5b had maternal origin with dynamic expression during embryonic development. Zebrafish atf5a mRNA is mainly enriched in olfactory epithelium, midbrain, and hindbrain, while zebrafish atf5b mRNA is mainly detected in midbrain, hindbrain, and liver during embryogenesis. The results of acute hypoxia experiment showed that atf5a mRNA was significantly upregulated in the brain, liver, and muscle, while atf5b mRNA was just increased significantly in the brain. Functional analysis showed that knockdown of atf5a affects the development of the ciliated neurons in zebrafish embryos. The effect was enhanced when atf5a MO was co-injected with atf5b MO. The development of ciliated neurons in zebrafish embryos was not affected by injection of atf5b MO alone. atf5a knockdown also affects the development of early-born olfactory neurons. The effects caused by atf5a knockdown could be rescued by atf5b mRNA. These results suggest that the duplicated atf5 genes may have evolved divergently and play redundant biological roles in the development of olfactory sensory neurons in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shifan Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengying Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingchun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueping Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Dale K, Yadetie F, Horvli T, Zhang X, Frøysa HG, Karlsen OA, Goksøyr A. Single PFAS and PFAS mixtures affect nuclear receptor- and oxidative stress-related pathways in precision-cut liver slices of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Sci Total Environ 2022; 814:152732. [PMID: 34974025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), both single compounds and a mixture of these, using precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). PCLS were exposed for 48 h to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) (10, 50 and 100 μM), and three mixtures of these at equimolar concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μM). Transcriptomic responses were assessed using RNA sequencing. Among exposures to single PFAS, PFOS produced the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to PFOA and PFNA (86, 25 and 31 DEGs, respectively). Exposure to the PFAS mixtures resulted in a markedly higher number of DEGs (841). Clustering analysis revealed that the expression pattern of the PFAS mixtures were more similar to PFOS compared to PFOA and PFNA, suggesting that effects induced by the PFAS mixtures may largely be attributed to PFOS. Pathway analysis showed significant enrichment of pathways related to oxidative stress, cholesterol metabolism and nuclear receptors in PFOS-exposed PCLS. Fewer pathways were significantly enriched following PFOA and PFNA exposure alone. Significantly enriched pathways following mixture exposure included lipid biosynthesis, cancer-related pathways, nuclear receptor pathways and oxidative stress-related pathways such as ferroptosis. The expression of most of the genes within these pathways was increased following PFAS exposure. Analysis of non-additive effects in the 100 μM PFAS mixture highlighted genes involved in the antioxidant response and membrane transport, among others, and the majority of these genes had synergistic expression patterns in the mixture. Nevertheless, 90% of the DEGs following mixture exposure showed additive expression patterns, suggesting additivity to be the major mixture effect. In summary, PFAS exposure promoted effects on cellular processes involved in oxidative stress, nuclear receptor pathways and sterol metabolism in cod PCLS, with the strongest effects observed following PFAS mixture exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Dale
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B, 5006 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B, 5006 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Torill Horvli
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Vestenghaugen 8, 0379 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B, 5006 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B, 5006 Bergen, Norway.
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13
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Wang Y, Duan Y, Huang J, Wang J, Zhou C, Jiang S, Lin H, Zhang Z. Characterization and functional study of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 119:289-299. [PMID: 34656756 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a member of the Cap'n'collar basic region leucine zipper (CNC-bZIP) transcription factor family, and is activated by diverse oxidants, pro-oxidants, antioxidants and chemopreventive agents. The full-length cDNA of Nrf2 from Penaeus monodon (PmNrf2; 2024 bp long with 729 bp coding region, GenBank accession no. MW390830) was cloned. The 242-amino-acid polypeptide encoded by this gene had a predicted molecular mass of 27.80 kDa. Sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis showed that PmNrf2 was similar to the insect Cap'n'Collar (CNC) transcription factor and mammalian Nrf2. Tissue expression profile analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that PmNrf2 was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression observed in the intestines and the weakest expression observed in the hemocyte. PmNrf2 expression profiles were detected in the hepatopancreas of shrimp after bacterial challenge. The results suggested that PmNrf2 was involved in the responses to bacterial challenge, but the temporal expression pattern trend of PmNrf2 differed between the gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial challenges in the shrimp hepatopancreas. The recombinant PmNrf2 protein was expressed and purified through affinity chromatography. Furthermore, an anti-PmNrf2 polyclonal antibody was obtained, which was able to clearly detect PmNrf2 protein expression in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. Knockdown of PmNrf2 by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in a reduction in the expression of PmGPx gene. Taken together, the results of our study indicated that PmNrf2 played a role in regulation the transcription of PmGPx antioxidant enzyme genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Chuanpeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Shigui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Heizhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China.
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14
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Guan R, Wen XY, Leung CH, Ciano-Oliveira CD, Lam S, Dai SY, Karbassi F, Mauro A, Wang Y, Rotstein O. Plasma obtained following murine hindlimb ischemic conditioning protects against oxidative stress in zebrafish models through activation of nrf2a and downregulation of duox. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260442. [PMID: 34818339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion of organ systems in trauma patients with resuscitated hemorrhagic shock (HSR) contributes to tissue injury and organ dysfunction. Previous studies using a murine model of HSR showed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIC) protected against organ injury and that the plasma was able to prevent neutrophil migration in a zebrafish tailfin-cut inflammation model. In this study, we hypothesized that RIC plasma inhibits neutrophil function through a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via the upregulation of the transcription factor Nrf2 and downstream antioxidative genes. Plasma from mice subjected to RIC (4 cycles of 5-min hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion) was microinjected into zebrafish. The results show that RIC plasma caused a reduction of ROS generation in response to tail injury. In addition, RIC plasma protected the fish larvae in the survival studies when exposed to either H2O2 or LPS. Oxidative stress PCR Array showed that RIC plasma treatment led to upregulation of antioxidative related genes including hsp70, hmox1a, nqo1 as well as downregulation of duox, the producer of H2O2. To explore the role of nrf2 in RIC, RIC plasma from Nrf2 KO mice were injected to the zebrafish and showed no inhibitory effect on neutrophil migration. Moreover, knockdown of nrf2a attenuated the anti-inflammatory and protective effect of RIC plasma. The downregulation of duox and upregulation of hmox1a were confirmed to require the activation of nrf2a. Therefore, we show that the protective effect of RIC may be related to the elaboration of humoral factors which counter injury-induced ROS generation in a nrf2-dependent fashion.
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15
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Poganik JR, Huang KT, Parvez S, Zhao Y, Raja S, Long MJC, Aye Y. Wdr1 and cofilin are necessary mediators of immune-cell-specific apoptosis triggered by Tecfidera. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5736. [PMID: 34593792 PMCID: PMC8484674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the emerging importance of reactive electrophilic drugs, deconvolution of their principal targets remains difficult. The lack of genetic tractability/interventions and reliance on secondary validation using other non-specific compounds frequently complicate the earmarking of individual binders as functionally- or phenotypically-sufficient pathway regulators. Using a redox-targeting approach to interrogate how on-target binding of pleiotropic electrophiles translates to a phenotypic output in vivo, we here systematically track the molecular components attributable to innate immune cell toxicity of the electrophilic-drug dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera®). In a process largely independent of canonical Keap1/Nrf2-signaling, Keap1-specific modification triggers mitochondrial-targeted neutrophil/macrophage apoptosis. On-target Keap1–ligand-engagement is accompanied by dissociation of Wdr1 from Keap1 and subsequent coordination with cofilin, intercepting Bax. This phagocytic-specific cell-killing program is recapitulated by whole-animal administration of dimethyl fumarate, where individual depletions of the players identified above robustly suppress apoptosis. The mechanism-of-action of many electrohilic drugs remains poorly understood. Here, the authors use a redox-targeting approach to elucidate the basis for the innate immune cell toxicity of dimethyl fumarate, showing that it modifies Keap1 to trigger mitochondrial-targeted neutrophil/macrophage apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R Poganik
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kuan-Ting Huang
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saba Parvez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- BayRay Innovation Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory (SZBL), Guangdong, China
| | - Sruthi Raja
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Yimon Aye
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Jiang F, Lin Y, Miao L, Hao J. Addition of Bamboo Charcoal to Selenium (Se)-Rich Feed Improves Growth and Antioxidant Capacity of Blunt Snout Bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092585. [PMID: 34573550 PMCID: PMC8465871 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In our previous studies, we determined that juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) require a selenium (Se) dietary intake of 0.958–0.959 mg/kg based on the quadratic fitting method. Nevertheless, growth rates were significantly affected, and the expression of anti-inflammatory factors was inhibited when the feed contained excessively high Se concentrations. Given its activity as an insoluble carrier, bamboo charcoal can be used as a dietary supplement in fish feed to absorb and slowly release excess nutrients. However, these hypotheses have not been evaluated in diets containing excess Se. The present study determined that 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal inclusion in Se-rich feed could improve the growth performance of blunt snout bream. Dietary bamboo charcoal supplementation mobilized the antioxidant system and inhibited the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-Keap1 signaling while suppressing NF-κB signaling. Abstract The ability of bamboo charcoal to reduce the negative effects of high dietary selenium (Se) concentrations was assessed by feeding juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) one of five Se-rich diets (1.5 mg/kg Se; 36% protein, 8.7% lipid) containing graded levels (0–4 g/kg) of bamboo charcoal powder for eight weeks. There were four tanks (350 L) of fish (initial weight 16.0 ± 0.5 g) for each treatment, and the fish were fed to satiation four times each day. At the end of the feeding trial, all of the fish from each tank were weighed to calculate the growth performance. Blood samples were firstly obtained to collect plasma for the biochemical indexes determination. Liver tissues were then collected to determine the antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression. Dorsal muscles were also collected to determine the nutrient composition. The results show that when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed ranged between 0 and 3 g/kg, the weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) values increased with the higher dietary bamboo charcoal content, and the maximum WGR and SGR values were achieved when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg (p < 0.05). The Se content in muscle tissues decreased significantly with the increased bamboo charcoal content (p < 0.05) in the Se-rich feed, which ranged from 0 to 4 g/kg. When the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg, the levels of glucose (GLU) and albumin (ALB) in plasma reached a maximum (p < 0.05), whereas the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reached a minimum (p < 0.05). Additionally, the activities of catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) when the bamboo charcoal content was 3 g/kg. In contrast, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased sharply when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 1 g/kg, compared to the control group and the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal (p < 0.05). Regarding mRNA-level gene expression, the results show that dietary supplementation with 0 to 3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal increased the expression of keap1 and nrf2, whereas nfkb expression was inhibited (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzymes cat, gpx, and mn-sod was consistently enhanced in the group fed with the 3 g/kg bamboo charcoal diet (p < 0.05). The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tnfα and tgfβ was inhibited in the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal, whereas the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (il10) increased in the bamboo charcoal supplementation groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Generally, supplementation with 2–3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal in Se-rich feed improved the growth performance, physiological status, and antioxidant enzyme activities of blunt snout bream. Moreover, bamboo charcoal supplementation in Se-rich diets stimulated the antioxidant system and inhibited the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-Keap1 and suppressing NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi 214081, China; (F.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi 214081, China; (F.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Linghong Miao
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi 214081, China; (F.J.); (Y.L.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jingyuan Hao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
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17
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Navarrete J, Wilson P, Allsing N, Gordon C, Margolis R, Schwartz AV, Cho C, Rogowski B, Topps J, George UZ, Sant KE. The ecotoxicological contaminant tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPMOH) impacts embryonic development in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquat Toxicol 2021; 235:105815. [PMID: 33838494 PMCID: PMC8113121 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPMOH) is a water contaminant with unknown etiology, but is believed to be a byproduct of DDT manufacturing. It is highly persistent in the environment, and bioaccumulates in marine species. TCPMOH has also been measured in human breast milk, which poses a risk for developing infants. However, almost no toxicity data is currently available. In this study, we investigate the hazard posed by developmental TCPMOH exposures using the zebrafish model (Danio rerio). Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, or 5 µM TCPMOH beginning at 24 h post fertilization (hpf). Embryonic mortality and incidence of morphological deformities increased in a concentration-dependent manner with TCPMOH exposure. RNA sequencing assessed changes in gene expression associated with acute (4 hour) exposures to 50 nM TCPMOH. Developmental exposure to TCPMOH decreased expression of ahr2, as well as metabolic enzymes cyp1a1, cyp1b1, cyp1c1, cyp1c2, and cyp2y3 (p<0.05). These findings were concordant with decreased Cyp1a1 induction measured by the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay (p<0.05). Pathways associated with xenobiotic metabolism, lipid metabolism, and transcriptional and translational regulation were decreased. Pathways involved in DNA replication and repair, carbohydrate metabolism, and endocrine function were upregulated. Overall, this study demonstrates that TCPMOH is acutely toxic to zebrafish embryos at elevated concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Navarrete
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Peyton Wilson
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Nicholas Allsing
- San Diego State University Biology Department, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Chandi Gordon
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Rachel Margolis
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Ashley V Schwartz
- San Diego State University Department of Mathematics, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Christine Cho
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Brynn Rogowski
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Jennifer Topps
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Uduak Z George
- San Diego State University Department of Mathematics, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Karilyn E Sant
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Dr., Hardy Tower 119, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
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18
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Tanaka K, Adachi H, Akasaka H, Tamaoki J, Fuse Y, Kobayashi M, Kitazawa T, Teraoka H. Oxidative stress inducers potentiate 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-mediated pre-cardiac edema in larval zebrafish. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1050-1058. [PMID: 34024870 PMCID: PMC8349820 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported the involvement of oxidative stress and prostaglandins including thromboxane and prostacyclin in pre-cardiac edema (early edema) caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). While the involvement of oxidative stress in TCDD-induced toxicity has been frequently reported, the mechanism of its action is still unclear. In the present study, oxidative stress inducers including paraquat, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and rotenone augmented early edema (edema) induced by a low concentration of TCDD (0.1 ppb) at 55 hr post fertilization (hpf), while each of them alone did not cause edema. Edema caused by TCDD plus oxidative stress inducers was almost abolished by antioxidants, an antagonist for thromboxane receptor (ICI-192,605) and an agonist for prostacyclin receptor (beraprost), suggesting that the site of action of these inducers was in the regular signaling pathway after activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 (AHR2) by TCDD. Oxidative stress inducers also enhanced edema caused by an agonist for the thromboxane receptor (U46619), and the enhancement was also inhibited by antioxidants. Sulforaphane and auranofin, activators of Nrf2 that is a master regulator of anti-oxidative response, did not affect U46619-evoked edema but almost abolished TCDD-induced edema and potentiation by paraquat in both TCDD- and U46619-induced edema. Taken together, the results suggest that oxidative stress augments pre-cardiac edema caused by TCDD via activation of thromboxane receptor-mediated signaling in developing zebrafish. As paraquat and other oxidative stress inducers used also are environmental pollutants, interaction between dioxin-like compounds and exogenous source of oxidative stress should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuki Tanaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hikaru Adachi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hironobu Akasaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Junya Tamaoki
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Fuse
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takio Kitazawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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19
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Abstract
Chemical modifications of proteins, DNA, and RNA moieties play critical roles in regulating gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests the RNA modifications (epitranscriptomics) have substantive roles in basic biological processes. One of the most common modifications in mRNA and noncoding RNAs is N6-methyladenosine (m6A). In a subset of mRNAs, m6A sites are preferentially enriched near stop codons, in 3' UTRs, and within exons, suggesting an important role in the regulation of mRNA processing and function including alternative splicing and gene expression. Very little is known about the effect of environmental chemical exposure on m6A modifications. As many of the commonly occurring environmental contaminants alter gene expression profiles and have detrimental effects on physiological processes, it is important to understand the effects of exposure on this important layer of gene regulation. Hence, the objective of this study was to characterize the acute effects of developmental exposure to PCB126, an environmentally relevant dioxin-like PCB, on m6A methylation patterns. We exposed zebrafish embryos to PCB126 for 6 h starting from 72 h post fertilization and profiled m6A RNA using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (MeRIP-seq). Our analysis revealed 117 and 217 m6A peaks in the DMSO and PCB126 samples (false discovery rate 5%), respectively. The majority of the peaks were preferentially located around the 3' UTR and stop codons. Statistical analysis revealed 15 m6A marked transcripts to be differentially methylated by PCB126 exposure. These include transcripts that are known to be activated by AHR agonists (eg, ahrra, tiparp, nfe2l2b) as well as others that are important for normal development (vgf, cebpd, sned1). These results suggest that environmental chemicals such as dioxin-like PCBs could affect developmental gene expression patterns by altering m6A levels. Further studies are necessary to understand the functional consequences of exposure-associated alterations in m6A levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelakanteswar Aluru
- Biology Department and Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Sibel I Karchner
- Biology Department and Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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20
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Rastogi A, Severance EG, Jacobs HM, Conlin SM, Islam ST, Timme-Laragy AR. Modulating glutathione thiol status alters pancreatic β-cell morphogenesis in the developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. Redox Biol 2021; 38:101788. [PMID: 33321464 PMCID: PMC7744774 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that redox-active chemicals perturb pancreatic islet development. To better understand potential mechanisms for this, we used zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to investigate roles of glutathione (GSH; predominant cellular redox buffer) and the transcription factor Nrf2a (Nfe2l2a; zebrafish Nrf2 co-ortholog) in islet morphogenesis. We delineated critical windows of susceptibility to redox disruption of β-cell morphogenesis, interrogating embryos at 24, 48 and 72 h post fertilization (hpf) and visualized Nrf2a expression in the pancreas using whole-mount immunohistochemistry at 96 hpf. Chemical GSH modulation at 48 hpf induced significant islet morphology changes at 96 hpf. Pro-oxidant exposures to tert-butylhydroperoxide (77.6 μM; 10-min at 48 hpf) or tert-butylhydroquinone (1 μM; 48-56 hpf) decreased β-cell cluster area at 96 hpf. Conversely, exposures to antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (bolsters GSH pools; 100 μM; 48-72 hpf) or sulforaphane (activates Nrf2a; 20 μM; 48-72 hpf) significantly increased islet areas. Nrf2a was also stabilized in β-cells: 10-min exposures to 77.6 μM tert-butylhydroperoxide significantly increased Nrf2a protein compared to control islet cells that largely lack stabilized Nrf2a; 10-min exposures to higher (776 μM) tert-butylhydroperoxide concentration stabilized Nrf2a throughout the pancreas. Using biotinylated-GSH to visualize in situ protein glutathionylation, islet cells displayed high protein glutathionylation, indicating oxidized GSH pools. The 10-min high (776 μM) tert-butylhydroperoxide exposure (induced Nrf2a globally) decreased global protein glutathionylation at 96 hpf. Mutant fish expressing inactive Nrf2a were protected against tert-butylhydroperoxide-induced abnormal islet morphology. Our data indicate that disrupted redox homeostasis and Nrf2a stabilization during pancreatic β-cell development impact morphogenesis, with implications for disease states at later life stages. Our work identifies a potential molecular target (Nrf2) that mediates abnormal β-cell morphology in response to redox disruptions. Moreover, our findings imply that developmental exposure to exogenous stressors at distinct windows of susceptibility could diminish the reserve redox capacity of β-cells, rendering them vulnerable to later-life stresses and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archit Rastogi
- Molecular & Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Emily G Severance
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Haydee M Jacobs
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sarah M Conlin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sadia T Islam
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Molecular & Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Over the last 2 decades, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a stellar model for unraveling molecular signaling events mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), an important ligand-activated receptor found in all eumetazoan animals. Zebrafish have 3 AHRs-AHR1a, AHR1b, and AHR2, and studies have demonstrated the diversity of both the endogenous and toxicological functions of the zebrafish AHRs. In this contemporary review, we first highlight the evolution of the zebrafish ahr genes, and the characteristics of the receptors including developmental and adult expression, their endogenous and inducible roles, and the predicted ligands from homology modeling studies. We then review the toxicity of a broad spectrum of AHR ligands across multiple life stages (early stage, and adult), discuss their transcriptomic and epigenetic mechanisms of action, and report on any known interactions between the AHRs and other signaling pathways. Through this article, we summarize the promising research that furthers our understanding of the complex AHR pathway through the extensive use of zebrafish as a model, coupled with a large array of molecular techniques. As much of the research has focused on the functions of AHR2 during development and the mechanism of TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) toxicity, we illustrate the need to address the considerable knowledge gap in our understanding of both the mechanistic roles of AHR1a and AHR1b, and the diverse modes of toxicity of the various AHR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana Shankar
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Subham Dasgupta
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Mark E Hahn
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Robyn L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
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22
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Félix LM, Luzio A, Santos A, Antunes LM, Coimbra AM, Valentim AM. MS-222 induces biochemical and transcriptional changes related to oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 237:108834. [PMID: 32585370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MS-222, the most widely used anaesthetic in fish, has been shown to induce embryotoxic effects in zebrafish. However, the underlying molecular effects are still elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MS-222 exposure during early developmental stages by evaluating biochemical and molecular changes. Embryos were exposed to 50, 100 or 150 mg L-1 MS-222 for 20 min at one of three developmental stages (256-cell, 50% epiboly, or 1-4 somite stage) and oxidative-stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis-related parameters were determined at two time-points (8 and 26 hpf). Following exposure during the 256-cell stage, the biochemical redox balance was not affected. The genes associated with glutathione homeostasis (gstpi and gclc) were affected at 8 hpf, while genes associated with apoptosis (casp3a and casp6) and cellular proliferation (pcna) were found affected at 26 hpf. An inverted U-shaped response was observed at 8 hpf for catalase activity. After exposure at the 50% epiboly stage, the gclc gene associated with oxidative stress was found upregulated at 8 hpf, while gstpi was downregulated and casp6 was upregulated later on, coinciding with a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and a non-monotonic elevation of protein carbonyls and casp3a. Additionally, MS-222 treated embryos showed a decrease in DCF-staining at 26 hpf. When exposure was performed at the 1-4 somite stage, a similar DCF-staining pattern was observed. The activity of GPx was also affected whereas RT-qPCR showed that caspase transcripts were dose-dependently increased (casp3a, casp6 and casp9). The pcna mRNA levels were also found to be upregulated while gclc was changed by MS-222. These results highlight the impact of MS-222 on zebrafish embryo development and its interference with the antioxidant, cell proliferation and cellular death systems by mechanisms still to be explained; however, the outcomes point to the Erk/Nrf2 signalling pathway as a target candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M Félix
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular (IBMC), Universidade of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Ana Luzio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís M Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M Coimbra
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M Valentim
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular (IBMC), Universidade of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
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23
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Baenas N, Ruales J, Moreno DA, Barrio DA, Stinco CM, Martínez-Cifuentes G, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, García-Ruiz A. Characterization of Andean Blueberry in Bioactive Compounds, Evaluation of Biological Properties, and In Vitro Bioaccessibility. Foods 2020; 9:E1483. [PMID: 33080796 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate Andean blueberries (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) from Ecuador as a potential functional ingredient for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The analysis of bioactive compounds by HPLC–DAD–MSn determined a high content of (poly)phenols, mainly anthocyanins, and the presence of the carotenoid lutein. Regarding its biological properties, Andean blueberry did not show toxicity by the zebrafish embryogenesis test, showing also a lack of the antinutrients lectins. Moreover, the results of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity evaluation suggested its possibility to be used as natural antioxidant. This fruit also exhibited antimicrobial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in low doses. Finally, in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion showed a partial bioaccessibility of (poly) phenols (~50% at the final step), showing high antioxidant capacity in the different GI phases. These results revealed Andean blueberry as an interesting candidate for being used as a functional ingredient and the development of further in vivo and clinical assays.
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24
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Abstract
Background:
Antioxidant Response Elements (ARE) play a key role in the expression
of Nrf2 target genes by regulating the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway, which offers protection against
toxic agents and oxidative stress-induced diseases.
Objective:
To develop a database of putative AREs for all the genes in the zebrafish genome. This
database will be helpful for researchers to investigate Nrf2 regulatory mechanisms in detail.
Methods:
To facilitate researchers functionally characterize zebrafish AREs, we have developed a
database of AREs, Zebrafish Antioxidant Response Element Database (ZFARED), for all the
protein-coding genes including antioxidant and mitochondrial genes in the zebrafish genome. The
front end of the database was developed using HTML, JavaScript, and CSS and tested in different
browsers. The back end of the database was developed using Perl scripts and Perl-CGI and Perl-
DBI modules.
Results:
ZFARED is the first database on the AREs in zebrafish, which facilitates fast and
efficient searching of AREs. AREs were identified using the in-house developed Perl algorithms
and the database was developed using HTML, JavaScript, and Perl-CGI scripts. From this
database, researchers can access the AREs based on chromosome number (1 to 25 and M for
mitochondria), strand (positive or negative), ARE pattern and keywords. Users can also specify the
size of the upstream/promoter regions (5 to 30 kb) from transcription start site to access the AREs
located in those specific regions.
Conclusion:
ZFARED will be useful in the investigation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway and its
gene regulation. ZFARED is freely available at http://zfared.buc.edu.in/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raju Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
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25
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Boix N, Teixido E, Pique E, Llobet JM, Gomez-Catalan J. Modulation and Protection Effects of Antioxidant Compounds against Oxidant Induced Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E721. [PMID: 32784515 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant effect of compounds is regularly evaluated by in vitro assays that do not have the capability to predict in vivo protective activity or to determine their underlying mechanisms of action. The aim of this study was to develop an experimental system to evaluate the in vivo protective effects of different antioxidant compounds, based on the zebrafish embryo test. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH), tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ) and lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli (LPS), chemicals that are known inducers of oxidative stress in zebrafish. The developmental toxic effects (lethality or dysmorphogenesis) induced by these chemicals were modulated with n-acetyl l-cysteine and Nω-nitro l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, dimethyl maleate and dl-buthionine sulfoximine in order to validate the oxidant mechanism of oxidative stress inducers. The oxidant effects of tBOOH, TCHQ, and LPS were confirmed by the determination of significant differences in the comparison between the concentration–response curves of the oxidative stress inducers and of the modulators of antioxidant status. This concept was also applied to the study of the effects of well-known antioxidants, such as vitamin E, quercetin, and lipoic acid. Our results confirm the zebrafish model as an in vivo useful tool to test the protective effects of antioxidant compounds.
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26
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Silvestre F. Signaling pathways of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms exposed to xenobiotics. J Exp Zool 2020; 333:436-448. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Silvestre
- Institute of Life, Earth, and Environment (ILEE)University of Namur Bruxelles Namur Belgium
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27
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Jin H, Ji C, Ren F, Aniagu S, Tong J, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR-mediated oxidative stress contributes to the cardiac developmental toxicity of trichloroethylene in zebrafish embryos. J Hazard Mater 2020; 385:121521. [PMID: 31699484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widely used chlorinated solvent, is a common environmental pollutant. Current evidence shows that TCE could induce heart defects during embryonic development, but the underlining mechanism(s) remain unclear. Since activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) could induce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that AHR-mediated oxidative stress may play a role in the cardiac developmental toxicity of TCE. In this study, we found that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and AHR inhibitors, CH223191 (CH) and StemRegenin 1, significantly counteracted the TCE-induced heart malformations in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, both CH and NAC suppressed TCE-induced ROS and 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine). TCE did not affect ahr2 and cyp1a expression, but increased cyp1b1 expression, which was restored by CH supplementation. CH also attenuated the TCE-induced mRNA expression changes of Nrf2 signalling genes (nrf2b, gstp2, sod2, ho1, nqo1) and cardiac differentiation genes (gata4, hand2, c-fos, sox9b). In addition, the TCE enhanced SOD activity was attenuated by CH. Morpholino knockdown confirmed that AHR mediated the TCE-induced ROS and 8-OHdG generation in the heart of zebrafish embryos. In conclusion, our results suggest that AHR mediates TCE-induced oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage and heart malformations in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Jin
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Fei Ren
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Tong
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
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28
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Mills MG, Ramsden R, Ma EY, Corrales J, Kristofco LA, Steele WB, Saari GN, Melnikov F, Kostal J, Kavanagh TJ, Zimmerman JB, Voutchkova-Kostal AM, Brooks BW, Coish P, Anastas PT, Gallagher E. CRISPR-Generated Nrf2a Loss- and Gain-of-Function Mutants Facilitate Mechanistic Analysis of Chemical Oxidative Stress-Mediated Toxicity in Zebrafish. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:426-435. [PMID: 31858786 PMCID: PMC7749997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2a induces a cellular antioxidant response and provides protection against chemical-induced oxidative stress, as well as playing a critical role in development and disease. Zebrafish are a powerful model to study the role of Nrf2a in these processes but have been limited by reliance on transient gene knockdown techniques or mutants with only partial functional alteration. We developed several lines of zebrafish carrying different null (loss of function, LOF) or hyperactive (gain of function, GOF) mutations to facilitate our understanding of the Nrf2a pathway in protecting against oxidative stress. The mutants confirmed Nrf2a dependence for induction of the antioxidant genes gclc, gstp, prdx1, and gpx1a and identified a role for Nrf2a in the baseline expression of these genes, as well as for sod1. Specifically, the 4-fold induction of gstp by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) in wild type fish was abolished in LOF mutants. In addition, baseline gstp expression in GOF mutants increased by 12.6-fold and in LOF mutants was 0.8-fold relative to wild type. Nrf2a LOF mutants showed increased sensitivity to the acute toxicity of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) and tBHP throughout the first 4 days of development. Conversely, GOF mutants were less sensitive to CHP toxicity during the first 4 days of development and were protected against the toxicity of both hydroperoxides after 4 dpf. Neither gain nor loss of Nrf2a modulated the toxicity of R-(-)-carvone (CAR), despite the ability of this compound to potently induce Nrf2a-dependent antioxidant genes. Similar to other species, GOF zebrafish mutants exhibited significant growth and survival defects. In summary, these new genetic tools can be used to facilitate the identification of downstream gene targets of Nrf2a, better define the role of Nrf2a in the toxicity of environmental chemicals, and further the study of diseases involving altered Nrf2a function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret G. Mills
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Richard Ramsden
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Eva Y. Ma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Jone Corrales
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building, One Bear Place #97266, Waco Texas 76798, United States
| | - Lauren A. Kristofco
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building, One Bear Place #97266, Waco Texas 76798, United States
| | - W. Baylor Steele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building, One Bear Place #97266, Waco Texas 76798, United States
| | - Gavin N. Saari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building, One Bear Place #97266, Waco Texas 76798, United States
| | - Fjodor Melnikov
- School of Forestry and Environmental Science, Yale University, 195 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Jakub Kostal
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Science & Engineering Hall, Suite 4000, 800 22nd St NW, Washington, DC 20052, United States
| | - Terrance J. Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Julie B. Zimmerman
- School of Forestry and Environmental Science, Yale University, 195 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, PO Box 208292, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Adelina M. Voutchkova-Kostal
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Science & Engineering Hall, Suite 4000, 800 22nd St NW, Washington, DC 20052, United States
| | - Bryan W. Brooks
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building, One Bear Place #97266, Waco Texas 76798, United States
| | - Philip Coish
- School of Forestry and Environmental Science, Yale University, 195 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Paul T. Anastas
- School of Forestry and Environmental Science, Yale University, 195 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- School of Public Health, Yale University, PO Box 208034, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Evan Gallagher
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
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Sant KE, Moreau HM, Williams LM, Jacobs HM, Bowsher AM, Boisvert JD, Smolowitz RM, Pantazis J, Annunziato K, Nguyen M, Timme-Laragy A. Embryonic exposures to mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate induce larval steatosis in zebrafish independent of Nrf2a signaling. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 12:132-40. [PMID: 32063256 DOI: 10.1017/S2040174420000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is the primary metabolite of the ubiquitous plasticizer and toxicant, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. MEHP exposure has been linked to abnormal development, increased oxidative stress, and metabolic syndrome in vertebrates. Nuclear factor, Erythroid 2 Like 2 (Nrf2), is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to oxidative stress. We investigated the role of Nrf2a in larval steatosis following embryonic exposure to MEHP. Wild-type and nrf2a mutant (m) zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0 or 200 μg/l MEHP from 6 to either 96 (histology) or 120 hours post fertilization (hpf). At 120 hpf, exposures were ceased and fish were maintained in clean conditions until 15 days post fertilization (dpf). At 15 dpf, fish lengths and lipid content were examined, and the expression of genes involved in the antioxidant response and lipid processing was quantified. At 96 hpf, a subset of animals treated with MEHP had vacuolization in the liver. At 15 dpf, deficient Nrf2a signaling attenuated fish length by 7.7%. MEHP exposure increased hepatic steatosis and increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha target fabp1a1. Cumulatively, these data indicate that developmental exposure alone to MEHP may increase risk for hepatic steatosis and that Nrf2a does not play a major role in this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, P.R. China
- Department of Biotechnology, Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- Aquatic Animal Genome Center, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, P.R. China
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Gerhart AK, Janz DM. Toxicity of Aqueous L-Selenomethionine and Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Exposure to Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Embryos Following Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone Treatment. Toxics 2019; 7:toxics7030044. [PMID: 31470549 PMCID: PMC6789818 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous L-selenomethionine (SeMet) embryo exposures represent a rapid and simplified method for investigating the embryotoxic effects of SeMet. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism, the objective of the present study was to characterize the effects of waterborne exposure to both SeMet and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) to early life stages of zebrafish pre-treated with the antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (tBHQ) in an attempt to investigate the mechanism of Se toxicity as it relates to oxidative stress. During the initial concentration range finding experiment, recently fertilized embryos were exposed for five days to 5, 25, 125, and 625 µg Se/L (as SeMet). These exposures informed the second experiment in which embryos were exposed to two concentrations of SeMet (25 and 125 µg Se/L) and 75 mg/L tBOOH either with (tBOOH-t, 25-t, 125-t) or without (tBOOH, 25, 125) a 4 h 100 µg/L tBHQ pre-treatment. Survival, hatchability, time to hatch, the frequency and severity of deformities (total and type), and changes in the expression of seven antioxidant-associated genes were determined. Exposures to SeMet and tBOOH reduced hatchability, increased time to hatch, decreased survival, increased the incidence and severity of deformities, and increased glutathione-disulfide reductase (gsr) expression in the pre-treated tBOOH treatment group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson K Gerhart
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada.
| | - David M Janz
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
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Pradeep PS, Manisha S, Monica Amala Nayaki J, Sivaraman D, Selvaraj R, Seeni S. Potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action of Hypericum hookerianum extracts in a liposome system evaluated with zebrafish embryos. J Microencapsul 2019; 36:513-522. [PMID: 31190600 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1631400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. S. Pradeep
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Col. Dr Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - S. Manisha
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Col. Dr Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - J. Monica Amala Nayaki
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Col. Dr Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - D. Sivaraman
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Col. Dr Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - R. Selvaraj
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Col. Dr Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - S. Seeni
- Department of Biosciences, Mar Athanasios College for Advanced Studies, Tiruvalla, India
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Schüttler A, Altenburger R, Ammar M, Bader-Blukott M, Jakobs G, Knapp J, Krüger J, Reiche K, Wu GM, Busch W. Map and model-moving from observation to prediction in toxicogenomics. Gigascience 2019; 8:giz057. [PMID: 31140561 PMCID: PMC6539241 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemicals induce compound-specific changes in the transcriptome of an organism (toxicogenomic fingerprints). This provides potential insights about the cellular or physiological responses to chemical exposure and adverse effects, which is needed in assessment of chemical-related hazards or environmental health. In this regard, comparison or connection of different experiments becomes important when interpreting toxicogenomic experiments. Owing to lack of capturing response dynamics, comparability is often limited. In this study, we aim to overcome these constraints. RESULTS We developed an experimental design and bioinformatic analysis strategy to infer time- and concentration-resolved toxicogenomic fingerprints. We projected the fingerprints to a universal coordinate system (toxicogenomic universe) based on a self-organizing map of toxicogenomic data retrieved from public databases. Genes clustering together in regions of the map indicate functional relation due to co-expression under chemical exposure. To allow for quantitative description and extrapolation of the gene expression responses we developed a time- and concentration-dependent regression model. We applied the analysis strategy in a microarray case study exposing zebrafish embryos to 3 selected model compounds including 2 cyclooxygenase inhibitors. After identification of key responses in the transcriptome we could compare and characterize their association to developmental, toxicokinetic, and toxicodynamic processes using the parameter estimates for affected gene clusters. Furthermore, we discuss an association of toxicogenomic effects with measured internal concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The design and analysis pipeline described here could serve as a blueprint for creating comparable toxicogenomic fingerprints of chemicals. It integrates, aggregates, and models time- and concentration-resolved toxicogenomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schüttler
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rolf Altenburger
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Madeleine Ammar
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcella Bader-Blukott
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gianina Jakobs
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanna Knapp
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janet Krüger
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Reiche
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Perlickstr. 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gi-Mick Wu
- DEVELOP, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wibke Busch
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Leung CH, Caldarone CA, Guan R, Wen XY, Ailenberg M, Kapus A, Szaszi K, Rotstein OD. Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2 Regulates the Hepatoprotective Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Hemorrhagic Shock. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1760-1773. [PMID: 30403148 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) protects against organ ischemia/reperfusion injury in experimental and clinical settings. We have demonstrated that RIC prevents liver and lung inflammation/injury after hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation (S/R). In this study, we used a murine model of S/R to investigate the role of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) in mediating hepatoprotection. RESULTS The combination of RIC with S/R caused a synergistic rise in Nrf2 and its translocation to the nucleus in the liver. Increased activation of Nrf2 by RIC augmented heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and autophagy and exerted hepatoprotection, concurrent with reductions in S/R-induced TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and IL-6 (interleukin-6). In Nrf2 knockout (KO) animals, RIC did not exert hepatoprotection, and it failed to upregulate HO-1 and autophagy. Further, resuscitating wildtype (WT) animals with blood from donor WT animals undergoing RIC was hepatoprotective, but not in Nrf2 KO recipient animals. Interestingly, RIC blood from Nrf2 KO donor animals was also not protective when used to resuscitate WT animals, suggesting a role for Nrf2 both in the afferent arm of RIC where protective factors are generated and also in the efferent arm where organ protection is exerted. Finally, RIC plasma prevented oxidant-induced zebrafish mortality, but not in Nrf2a morpholino knockdown fish. INNOVATION Activation of Nrf2 is an essential mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effects of RIC. Nrf2 appears to play a role in the afferent limb of RIC protection, as its absence precludes the generation of the protective humoral factors induced by RIC. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrate the critical role of Nrf2 in the ability of RIC to prevent organ injury after S/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Ho Leung
- 1 Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher A Caldarone
- 2 Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Guan
- 1 Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiao-Yan Wen
- 4 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Menachem Ailenberg
- 1 Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andras Kapus
- 1 Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katalin Szaszi
- 1 Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ori D Rotstein
- 1 Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Awoyemi OM, Kumar N, Schmitt C, Subbiah S, Crago J. Behavioral, molecular and physiological responses of embryo-larval zebrafish exposed to types I and II pyrethroids. Chemosphere 2019; 219:526-537. [PMID: 30553213 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are potent neurotoxicants that may elicit multiple pathways of toxicity in non-target organisms. Comparative studies on the mechanistic and developmental effects of types I and II pyrethroids against non-target aquatic species are limited. This study assessed the effects of the two pyrethroid types against embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) at environmentally relevant and laboratory concentrations. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to type-I (permethrin, bifenthrin) and type-II (deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin, fenvalerate, esfenvalerate) pyrethroids at 1000, 10, 0.1, 0.01, 0.0 μg/L, starting at 5-h post-fertilization (hpf) through 5-d post-fertilization (dpf) under static exposure conditions. Swimming behavior (distance traveled and velocity) was assessed at 5-dpf. The relative expression of Nrf2a, GST, Casp-9 and p53 mRNA transcripts, carboxyl esterase (CES) activity and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. The stability of the pyrethroids across 5 days was analyzed. Bifenthrin-(10 μg/L) and esfenvalerate-(1000 μg/L) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced total distance traveled by larvae while 1000 μg/L deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin were lethal causing body axis curvature and pericardial edema. At environmentally relevant concentrations-(μg/L) compared to control, permethrin-(0.122) upregulated Nrf2a and Casp-9 expressions while λ-cyhalothrin-(0.053) downregulated Nrf2a and fenvalerate-0.037 downregulated GST. At laboratory concentrations-(μg/L), permethrin-(1000) upregulated Nrf2a, Casp-9 and p53 expressions, bifenthrin-(10) upregulated Casp-9 while fenvalerate-(0.1) and esfenvalerate-(1000) downregulated GST. There was concentration dependent increase in CES activity which correlated positively with total ROS. Pyrethroid concentrations decreased significantly by day 5. This study showed disparity in the mechanistic effects across the pyrethroids types and their instability in aqueous media may underestimate toxicity against non-target aquatic species when exposed in their natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olushola M Awoyemi
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA.
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Cassandra Schmitt
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Seenivasan Subbiah
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Jordan Crago
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
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Ulin A, Henderson J, Pham MT, Meyo J, Chen Y, Karchner SI, Goldstone JV, Hahn ME, Williams LM. Developmental Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factors (nrfs) by AHR1b in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicol Sci 2019; 167:536-545. [PMID: 30321412 PMCID: PMC6358246 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between regulatory pathways allow organisms to adapt to their environment and respond to stress. One interaction that has been recently identified occurs between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor (NRF) family. Each transcription factor regulates numerous downstream genes involved in the cellular response to toxicants and oxidative stress; they are also implicated in normal developmental pathways. The zebrafish model was used to explore the role of AHR regulation of nrf genes during development and in response to toxicant exposure. To determine if AHR1b is responsible for transcriptional regulation of 6 nrf genes during development, a loss-of-function experiment using morpholino-modified oligonucleotides was conducted followed by a chromatin immunoprecipitation study at the beginning of the pharyngula period (24 h postfertilization). The expression of nrf1a was AHR1b dependent and its expression was directly regulated through specific XREs in its cis-promoter. However, nrf1a expression was not altered by exposure to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a toxicant and prototypic AHR agonist. The expression of nrf1b, nrf2a, and nfe2 was induced by TCDD, and AHR1b directly regulated their expression by binding to cis-XRE promoter elements. Last, nrf2b and nrf3 were neither induced by TCDD nor regulated by AHR1b. These results show that AHR1b transcriptionally regulates nrf genes under toxicant modulation via binding to specific XREs. These data provide a better understanding of how combinatorial molecular signaling potentially protects embryos from embryotoxic events following toxicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ulin
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Jake Henderson
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Minh-Tam Pham
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - James Meyo
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Yuying Chen
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Sibel I Karchner
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Jared V Goldstone
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Mark E Hahn
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Larissa M Williams
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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Kulatunga DCM, Dananjaya SHS, Nikapitiya C, Godahewa GI, Cho J, Kim CH, Lee J, De Zoysa M. Stress-immune responses and DNA protection function of thioredoxin domain containing 12 in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 84:1030-1040. [PMID: 30359749 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteins with dithiol-disulfide oxidoreductase catalytic domain are well known for their capacity in the cellular redox homeostasis. In this study, we characterized the zebrafish thioredoxin domain containing 12 (Zftxndc12) gene, analyzed the transcriptional responses and studied the functional properties of its recombinant protein. Full-length cDNA of Zftxndc12 consists 519 bp coding region encoding 172 amino acids (AA) including the signal peptide. Highly consensus active motif (65WCGAC69) and probable ER retrieval motif (169GDEL172) were identified. Ubiquitous expression of Zftxndc12 mRNA was observed from one cell to juvenile stage as well as different organs of adult zebrafish. Moreover, whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH) results showed a higher expression of Zftxndc12 in primordial gills, central nerves system and eye. The tissue specific expression analysis (by qRT-PCR) also showed the highest expression in gills followed by brain in adult zebrafish. In larvae, up-regulated Zftxndc12 mRNA expression upon exposure to H2O2,Edwardsiella tarda and Saprolegnia parasitica suggests that it may involve in both stress and immune responses. Moreover, transcriptional expression of Zftxndc12 was up-regulated upon Streptococcus iniae challenge in gills of adult zebrafish. The recombinant ZfTxndc12 (rZfTxndc12) was overexpressed, purified and tested for its biological activities. Results revealed that rZfTxndc12 is able to reduce the DNA damage and detoxify the H2O2 toxicity in concentration dependent manner. Overall results suggest that Zftxndc12 is important antioxidant and immune functional member of the host defense system in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C M Kulatunga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S H S Dananjaya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - G I Godahewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Yamashita A, Deguchi J, Honda Y, Yamada T, Miyawaki I, Nishimura Y, Tanaka T. Increased susceptibility to oxidative stress-induced toxicological evaluation by genetically modified nrf2a-deficient zebrafish. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 96:34-45. [PMID: 30594530 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress plays an important role in drug-induced toxicity. Oxidative stress-mediated toxicities can be detected using conventional animal models but their sensitivity is insufficient, and novel models to improve susceptibility to oxidative stress have been researched. In recent years, gene targeting methods in zebrafish have been developed, making it possible to generate homozygous null mutants. In this study, we established zebrafish deficient in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2a (nrf2a), a key antioxidant-responsive gene, and its potential to detect oxidative stress-mediated toxicity was examined. METHODS Nrf2a-deficient zebrafish were generated using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 technique. The loss of nrf2a function was confirmed by the tolerability to hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide-induced gene expression profiles being related to antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent signaling. Subsequently, vulnerability of nrf2a-deficient zebrafish to acetaminophen (APAP)- or doxorubicin (DOX)-induced toxicity was investigated. RESULTS Nrf2a-deficient zebrafish showed higher mortality than wild type accompanied by less induction of ARE-dependent genes with hydrogen peroxide treatment. Subsequently, this model showed increased severity and incidence of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity or DOX-induced cardiotoxicity than wild type. DISCUSSION Our results demonstrated that anti-oxidative response might not fully function in this model, and resulted in higher sensitivity to drug-induced oxidative stress. Our data support the usefulness of nrf2a-deficient model as a tool for evaluation of oxidative stress-related toxicity in drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Yamashita
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan; Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
| | - Jiro Deguchi
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yayoi Honda
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Yamada
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Izuru Miyawaki
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research Center, Mie, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research Center, Mie, Japan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation Institute, Mie, Japan
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Raghunath A, Nagarajan R, Sundarraj K, Panneerselvam L, Perumal E. Genome-wide identification and analysis of Nrf2 binding sites - Antioxidant response elements in zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 360:236-248. [PMID: 30243843 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the post-genomic era, deciphering the Nrf2 binding sites - antioxidant response elements (AREs) is an essential task that underlies and governs the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway - a cell survival response pathway to environmental stresses in the vertebrate model system. AREs regulate the transcription of a repertoire of phase II detoxifying and/or oxidative-stress responsive genes, offering protection against toxic chemicals, carcinogens, and xenobiotics. In order to identify and analyze AREs in zebrafish, a pattern search algorithm was developed to identify AREs and computational tools available online were utilized to analyze the identified AREs in zebrafish. This study identified the AREs within 30 kb upstream from the transcription start site of antioxidant genes and mitochondrial genes. We report for the first time the AREs of all the known protein coding genes in the zebrafish genome. Western blotting, RT2 profiler array PCR, and qRT-PCR were performed to test whether AREs influence the Nrf2 target genes expression in the zebrafish larvae using sulforaphane. This study reveals unique AREs that have not been previously reported in the cytoprotective genes. Nine TGAG/CNNNTC and six TGAG/CNNNGC AREs were observed significantly. Our findings suggest that AREs drive the dynamic transcriptional events of Nrf2 target genes in the zebrafish larvae on exposure to sulforaphane. The identified abundant putative AREs will define the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE network and elucidate the precise regulation of Nrf2-ARE pathway in not only diseases but also in embryonic development, inflammation, and aerobic respiration. Our results help to understand the dynamic complexity of the Nrf2-ARE system in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raju Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kiruthika Sundarraj
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Lakshmikanthan Panneerselvam
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
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Timme-Laragy AR, Hahn ME, Hansen JM, Rastogi A, Roy MA. Redox stress and signaling during vertebrate embryonic development: Regulation and responses. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 80:17-28. [PMID: 28927759 PMCID: PMC5650060 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate embryonic development requires specific signaling events that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation to occur at the correct place and the correct time in order to build a healthy embryo. Signaling pathways are sensitive to perturbations of the endogenous redox state, and are also susceptible to modulation by reactive species and antioxidant defenses, contributing to a spectrum of passive vs. active effects that can affect redox signaling and redox stress. Here we take a multi-level, integrative approach to discuss the importance of redox status for vertebrate developmental signaling pathways and cell fate decisions, with a focus on glutathione/glutathione disulfide, thioredoxin, and cysteine/cystine redox potentials and the implications for protein function in development. We present a tissue-specific example of the important role that reactive species play in pancreatic development and metabolic regulation. We discuss NFE2L2 (also known as NRF2) and related proteins, their roles in redox signaling, and their regulation of glutathione during development. Finally, we provide examples of xenobiotic compounds that disrupt redox signaling in the context of vertebrate embryonic development. Collectively, this review provides a systems-level perspective on the innate and inducible antioxidant defenses, as well as their roles in maintaining redox balance during chemical exposures that occur in critical windows of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Mark E Hahn
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Jason M Hansen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Archit Rastogi
- Molecular & Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Monika A Roy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Biotechnology Training Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Wang C, Zhou YL, Zhu QH, Zhou ZK, Gu WB, Liu ZP, Wang LZ, Shu MA. Effects of heat stress on the liver of the Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus: Histopathological changes and expression characterization of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathway genes. J Therm Biol 2018; 76:115-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sant KE, Sinno PP, Jacobs HM, Timme-Laragy AR. Nrf2a modulates the embryonic antioxidant response to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 198:92-102. [PMID: 29524743 PMCID: PMC6077977 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The glutathione redox system undergoes precise and dynamic changes during embryonic development, protecting against and mitigating oxidative insults. The antioxidant response is coordinately largely by the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf2), an endogenous sensor for cellular oxidative stress. We have previously demonstrated that impaired Nrf family signaling disrupts the glutathione redox system in the zebrafish embryo, and that impaired Nrf2 function increases embryonic sensitivity to environmental toxicants. Here, we investigated the persistent environmental toxicant and reported pro-oxidant perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and its impact on the embryonic glutathione-mediated redox environment. We further examined whether impaired Nrf2a function exacerbates PFOS-induced oxidative stress and embryotoxicity in the zebrafish, and the potential for Nrf2-PPAR crosstalk in the embryonic adaptive response. Wild-type and nrf2afh318-/- mutant embryos were exposed daily to 0 (0.01% v/v DMSO), 16, 32, or 64 μM PFOS beginning at 3 h post fertilization (hpf). Embryonic glutathione and cysteine redox environments were examined at 72 hpf. Gross embryonic toxicity, antioxidant gene expression, and apoptosis were examined at 96 hpf. Mortality, pericardial edema, and yolk sac utilization were increased in wild-type embryos exposed to PFOS. Embryonic glutathione and cysteine redox couples and gene expression of Nrf2 pathway targets were modulated by both exposure and genotype. Apoptosis was increased in PFOS-exposed wild-type embryos, though not in nrf2a mutants. In silico examination of putative transcription factor binding site suggested potential crosstalk between Nrf2 and PPAR signaling, since expression of PPARs and gene targets was modulated by both PFOS exposure and Nrf2a genotype. Overall, this work demonstrates that nrf2a modulates the embryonic response to PFOS, and that PPAR signaling may play a role in the embryonic adaptive response to PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karilyn E Sant
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Paul P Sinno
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Haydee M Jacobs
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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Lackmann C, Santos MM, Rainieri S, Barranco A, Hollert H, Spirhanzlova P, Velki M, Seiler TB. Novel procedures for whole organism detection and quantification of fluorescence as a measurement for oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. Chemosphere 2018; 197:200-209. [PMID: 29366951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The modes of action of pollutants are diverse, and a common consequences to pollutant exposure is oxidative stress. This phenomenon is caused by an imbalance or disurption in the control of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) resulting in an accumulation of free radicals. Oxidative stress may cause damages to the DNA, phospholipids and proteins, and lead to cell death. Due to the possible contribution of oxidative stress to pollutant toxicity, it is valuable to assess its occurrence, role and mechanism. Detection of oxidative stress at low concentrations soon after the onset of exposure can be a sensitive, general marker for contamination. This study aimed at developing and benchmarking a set of novel fluorescence-based procedures to assess the occurrence of oxidative stress in zebrafish larvae (96 hpf) by measuring the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and general ROS. Zebrafish larvae were exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). ROS and GSH were made visible by means of specific fluorescent molecular probes in different experimental scenarios. The induction was qualified using microscopy and quantified through photometric measurement. For quantitative assessment, an approach based on homogenized larvae and a non-invasive plate assay were developed. The novel procedures proved suitable for oxidative stress detection. Comparisons of qualitative to quantitative data showed that the orientation of the larvae in the well can influence fluorescence data evaluation. The non-invasive quantitative assay proved robust against any influence of the orientation of the larvae. The developed protocols promise to be useful tools for the detection of oxidative stress in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Lackmann
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Monica Martinez Santos
- AZTI, Food Research Division, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo bidea 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Sandra Rainieri
- AZTI, Food Research Division, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo bidea 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Alejandro Barranco
- AZTI, Food Research Division, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo bidea 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Mirna Velki
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Beaver LM, Truong L, Barton CL, Chase TT, Gonnerman GD, Wong CP, Tanguay RL, Ho E. Combinatorial effects of zinc deficiency and arsenic exposure on zebrafish (Danio rerio) development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183831. [PMID: 28837703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency and chronic low level exposures to inorganic arsenic in drinking water are both significant public health concerns that affect millions of people including pregnant women. These two conditions can co-exist in the human population but little is known about their interaction, and in particular, whether zinc deficiency sensitizes individuals to arsenic exposure and toxicity, especially during critical windows of development. To address this, we utilized the Danio rerio (zebrafish) model to test the hypothesis that parental zinc deficiency sensitizes the developing embryo to low-concentration arsenic toxicity, leading to altered developmental outcomes. Adult zebrafish were fed defined zinc deficient and zinc adequate diets and were spawned resulting in zinc adequate and zinc deficient embryos. The embryos were treated with environmentally relevant concentrations of 0, 50, and 500 ppb arsenic. Arsenic exposure significantly reduced the amount of zinc in the developing embryo by ~7%. The combination of zinc deficiency and low-level arsenic exposures did not sensitize the developing embryo to increased developmental malformations or mortality. The combination did cause a 40% decline in physical activity of the embryos, and this decline was significantly greater than what was observed with zinc deficiency or arsenic exposure alone. Significant changes in RNA expression of genes that regulate zinc homeostasis, response to oxidative stress and insulin production (including zip1, znt7, nrf2, ogg1, pax4, and insa) were found in zinc deficient, or zinc deficiency and arsenic exposed embryos. Overall, the data suggests that the combination of zinc deficiency and arsenic exposure has harmful effects on the developing embryo and may increase the risk for developing chronic diseases like diabetes.
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Giuliani ME, Benedetti M, Nigro M, Regoli F. Nrf2 and regulation of the antioxidant system in the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarctica: Adaptation to environmental changes of pro-oxidant pressure. Mar Environ Res 2017; 129:1-13. [PMID: 28416257 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the key importance of Nrf2-Keap1 in regulating antioxidant system in vertebrates, this system is still poorly investigated in marine species. The present study focused on the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarctica which, during the final phases of embryo development in platelet ice, is challenged by a sudden enhancement of environmental oxidative conditions associated to ice melting. Partial coding sequences were identified for Nrf2, its repressor Keap1 and for typical Nrf2-target antioxidant genes, like catalase, glutathione peroxidase isoform 1 and Cu/Zn-dependent superoxide dismutase. Compared to temperate homologues, the protein sequences showed an elevated conservation of amino acids essential for catalytic functions, while a few specific substitutions in non-essential regions may represent a molecular adaptation to improve flexibility and accessibility to active site at cold temperatures. The role of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in modulating the activation of antioxidant defences was demonstrated at both transcriptional and functional levels with a clear temporal increase of antioxidant protection in embryos before the hatching. Such findings confirm the importance of Nrf2 and highlight regulation of antioxidants as an adaptive strategy in P. antarctica to protect the early life stages toward the environmental changes of pro-oxidant pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maura Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Nigro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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Sant KE, Hansen JM, Williams LM, Tran NL, Goldstone JV, Stegeman JJ, Hahn ME, Timme-Laragy A. The role of Nrf1 and Nrf2 in the regulation of glutathione and redox dynamics in the developing zebrafish embryo. Redox Biol 2017; 13:207-218. [PMID: 28582729 PMCID: PMC5458767 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox signaling is important for embryogenesis, guiding pathways that govern processes crucial for embryo patterning, including cell polarization, proliferation, and apoptosis. Exposure to pro-oxidants during this period can be deleterious, resulting in altered physiology, teratogenesis, later-life diseases, or lethality. We previously reported that the glutathione antioxidant defense system becomes increasingly robust, including a doubling of total glutathione and dynamic shifts in the glutathione redox potential at specific stages during embryonic development in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. However, the mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear, as is the effectiveness of the glutathione system in ameliorating oxidative insults to the embryo at different stages. Here, we examine how the glutathione system responds to the model pro-oxidants tert-butylhydroperoxide and tert-butylhydroquinone at different developmental stages, and the role of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf) proteins in regulating developmental glutathione redox status. Embryos became increasingly sensitive to pro-oxidants after 72 h post-fertilization (hpf), after which the duration of the recovery period for the glutathione redox potential was increased. To determine whether the doubling of glutathione or the dynamic changes in glutathione redox potential are mediated by zebrafish paralogs of Nrf transcription factors, morpholino oligonucleotides were used to knock down translation of Nrf1 and Nrf2 (nrf1a, nrf1b, nrf2a, nrf2b). Knockdown of Nrf1a or Nrf1b perturbed glutathione redox state until 72 hpf. Knockdown of Nrf2 paralogs also perturbed glutathione redox state but did not significantly affect the response of glutathione to pro-oxidants. Nrf1b morphants had decreased gene expression of glutathione synthesis enzymes, while hsp70 increased in Nrf2b morphants. This work demonstrates that despite having a more robust glutathione system, embryos become more sensitive to oxidative stress later in development, and that neither Nrf1 nor Nrf2 alone appear to be essential for the response and recovery of glutathione to oxidative insults. Sensitivity of the embryo's glutathione system to pro-oxidants increases throughout development. Nrf1a/b play significant roles in early embryonic redox homeostasis, while Nrf2a becomes important later in development. Deficient Nrf signaling impacts expression of genes central to GSH synthesis and cytoprotection in the embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karilyn E Sant
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jason M Hansen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Larissa M Williams
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Biology Department, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA
| | - Nancy L Tran
- Biology Department, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA
| | - Jared V Goldstone
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - John J Stegeman
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Mark E Hahn
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Alicia Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
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Fuse Y, Kobayashi M. Conservation of the Keap1-Nrf2 System: An Evolutionary Journey through Stressful Space and Time. Molecules 2017; 22:E436. [PMID: 28282941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Keap1-Nrf2 system is an evolutionarily conserved defense mechanism against oxidative and xenobiotic stress. Its regulatory mechanisms, e.g., stress-sensing mechanism, proteasome-based regulation of Nrf2 activity and selection of target genes, have been elucidated mainly in mammals. In addition, emerging model animals, such as zebrafish, fruit fly and Caenorhabditis elegans, have been shown to have similar anti-stress systems to mammals, suggesting that analogous defense systems are widely conserved throughout the animal kingdom. Experimental evidence in lower animals provides important information beyond mere laboratory-confined utility, such as regarding how these systems transformed during evolution, which may help characterize the mammalian system in greater detail. Recent advances in genome projects of both model and non-model animals have provided a great deal of useful information toward this end. We herein review the research on Keap1-Nrf2 and its analogous systems in both mammals and lower model animals. In addition, by comparing the amino acid sequences of Nrf2 and Keap1 proteins from various species, we can deduce the evolutionary history of the anti-stress system. This combinatorial approach using both experimental and genetic data will suggest perspectives of approach for researchers studying the stress response.
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Zeng YY, Feng L, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Wu P, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ. Dietary alpha-linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratios modulate immune response, physical barrier and related signaling molecules mRNA expression in the gills of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 62:1-12. [PMID: 28063950 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the possible effects of dietary ALA/LNA ratios on the gill immunity, tight junction and antioxidant capacity, and the related signaling factor mRNA levels of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish were fed diets with different ALA/LNA ratios (0.01, 0.34, 0.68, 1.03, 1.41, 1.76 and 2.15) for 60 days. The present results showed that ALA/LNA ratio of 1.03 significantly enhanced lysozyme and acid phosphatase activities, complement 3 contents, promoted mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides (Hepcidin and liver expression antimicrobial peptide-2), anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor β1) and inhibitor protein κBα, whereas suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor a and interferon γ2), and signal molecules (IκB kinase β, IκB kines γ and nuclear factor κB p65) mRNA levels in the gill, indicating that optimal dietary ALA/LNA ratio improve gill immunity of juvenile fish. Besides, ALA/LNA ratio of 1.03 increased mRNA levels of the barrier functional proteins (occludin, zonula occludens-1, claudin-b, -c and -3), and reduced the pore-formation proteins (claudin-15a) and myosin light-chain kinase mRNA abundance in the gill of juvenile grass carp, indicating optimum ALA/LNA ratio strengthen gill tight junction of juvenile fish. Additionally, ALA/LNA ratio of 1.03 increased glutathione contents, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase activities and mRNA abundance, and nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 mRNA levels in the gill of fish, suggesting that optimal ALA/LNA ratio ameliorate gill antioxidant status of juvenile fish. Interestingly, dietary ALA/LNA ratios had no effect on IκB kinase α and catalase activities in fish gills. Collectively, optimal dietary ALA/LNA ratio could improve gill immunity and strengthen physical barrier of juvenile fish. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of complement 3 content in the gill, optimal dietary ALA/LNA ratio for maximum growth of juvenile grass carp was estimated to be 1.12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Holowiecki A, O'Shields B, Jenny MJ. Spatiotemporal expression and transcriptional regulation of heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) suggest novel roles during early developmental periods of heightened oxidative stress. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:138-151. [PMID: 27760386 PMCID: PMC5148680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) degrades heme into biliverdin, which is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase (BVRa or BVRb) in a manner analogous to the classic anti-oxidant glutathione-recycling pathway. To gain a better understanding of the potential antioxidant roles the BVR enzymes may play during development, the spatiotemporal expression and transcriptional regulation of zebrafish hmox1a, bvra and bvrb were characterized under basal conditions and in response to pro-oxidant exposure. All three genes displayed spatiotemporal expression patterns consistent with classic hematopoietic progenitors during development. Transient knockdown of Nrf2a did not attenuate the ability to detect bvra or bvrb by ISH, or alter spatial expression patterns in response to cadmium exposure. While hmox1a:mCherry fluorescence was documented within the intermediate cell mass, a transient location of primitive erythrocyte differentiation, expression was not fully attenuated in Nrf2a morphants, but real-time RT-PCR demonstrated a significant reduction in hmox1a expression. Furthermore, Gata-1 knockdown did not attenuate hmox1a:mCherry fluorescence. However, while there was a complete loss of detection of bvrb expression by ISH at 24hpf, bvra expression was greatly attenuated but still detectable in Gata-1 morphants. In contrast, 96 hpf Gata-1 morphants displayed increased bvra and bvrb expression within hematopoietic tissues. Finally, temporal expression patterns of enzymes involved in the generation and maintenance of NADPH were consistent with known changes in the cellular redox state during early zebrafish development. Together, these data suggest that Gata-1 and Nrf2a play differential roles in regulating the heme degradation enzymes during an early developmental period of heightened cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Holowiecki
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Britton O'Shields
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Matthew J Jenny
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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Williams LM, Lago BA, McArthur AG, Raphenya AR, Pray N, Saleem N, Salas S, Paulson K, Mangar RS, Liu Y, Vo AH, Shavit JA. The transcription factor, Nuclear factor, erythroid 2 (Nfe2), is a regulator of the oxidative stress response during Danio rerio development. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 180:141-154. [PMID: 27716579 PMCID: PMC5274700 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Development is a complex and well-defined process characterized by rapid cell proliferation and apoptosis. At this stage in life, a developmentally young organism is more sensitive to toxicants as compared to an adult. In response to pro-oxidant exposure, members of the Cap'n'Collar (CNC) basic leucine zipper (b-ZIP) transcription factor family (including Nfe2 and Nfe2-related factors, Nrfs) activate the expression of genes whose protein products contribute to reduced toxicity. Here, we studied the role of the CNC protein, Nfe2, in the developmental response to pro-oxidant exposure in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Following acute waterborne exposures to diquat or tert-buytlhydroperoxide (tBOOH) at one of three developmental stages, wildtype (WT) and nfe2 knockout (KO) embryos and larvae were morphologically scored and their transcriptomes sequenced. Early in development, KO animals suffered from hypochromia that was made more severe through exposure to pro-oxidants; this phenotype in the KO may be linked to decreased expression of alas2, a gene involved in heme synthesis. WT and KO eleutheroembryos and larvae were phenotypically equally affected by exposure to pro-oxidants, where tBOOH caused more pronounced phenotypes as compared to diquat. Comparing diquat and tBOOH exposed embryos relative to the WT untreated control, a greater number of genes were up-regulated in the tBOOH condition as compared to diquat (tBOOH: 304 vs diquat: 148), including those commonly found to be differentially regulated in the vertebrate oxidative stress response (OSR) (e.g. hsp70.2, txn1, and gsr). When comparing WT and KO across all treatments and times, there were 1170 genes that were differentially expressed, of which 33 are known targets of the Nrf proteins Nrf1 and Nrf2. More specifically, in animals exposed to pro-oxidants a total of 968 genes were differentially expressed between WT and KO across developmental time, representing pathways involved in coagulation, embryonic organ development, body fluid level regulation, erythrocyte differentiation, and oxidation-reduction, amongst others. The greatest number of genes that changed in expression between WT and KO occurred in animals exposed to diquat at 2h post fertilization (hpf). Across time and treatment, there were six genes (dhx40, cfap70, dnajb9b, slc35f4, spi-c, and gpr19) that were significantly up-regulated in KO compared to WT and four genes (fhad1, cyp4v7, nlrp12, and slc16a6a) that were significantly down-regulated. None of these genes have been previously identified as targets of Nfe2 or the Nrf family. These results demonstrate that the zebrafish Nfe2 may be a regulator of both primitive erythropoiesis and the OSR during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M Williams
- Biology Department, Bates College, 44 Campus Avenue, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA; The MDI Biological Laboratory, 159 Old Bar Harbor Road, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA, USA.
| | - Briony A Lago
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Andrew G McArthur
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Amogelang R Raphenya
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Nicholas Pray
- Biology Department, Bates College, 44 Campus Avenue, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA.
| | - Nabil Saleem
- Biology Department, Bates College, 44 Campus Avenue, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA; The MDI Biological Laboratory, 159 Old Bar Harbor Road, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA, USA.
| | - Sophia Salas
- Biology Department, Bates College, 44 Campus Avenue, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA; The MDI Biological Laboratory, 159 Old Bar Harbor Road, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA, USA.
| | - Katherine Paulson
- Biology Department, Bates College, 44 Campus Avenue, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA; The MDI Biological Laboratory, 159 Old Bar Harbor Road, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA, USA.
| | - Roshni S Mangar
- The MDI Biological Laboratory, 159 Old Bar Harbor Road, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA, USA; College of the Atlantic, 105 Eden Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, 8200 MSRB III 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Andy H Vo
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, 8200 MSRB III 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Jordan A Shavit
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, 8200 MSRB III 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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