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Abdullah A, Hayashi Y, Morimura N, Kumar A, Ikenaka K, Togayachi A, Narimatsu H, Hitoshi S. Fut9 Deficiency Causes Abnormal Neural Development in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex and Retina. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2793-2804. [PMID: 35753011 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
α1,3-Fucosyltransferase 9 (Fut9) is responsible for the synthesis of Lewis X [LeX, Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc] carbohydrate epitope, a marker for pluripotent or multipotent tissue-specific stem cells. Although Fut9-deficient mice show anxiety-related behaviors, structural and cellular abnormalities in the brain remain to be investigated. In this study, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques in combination, we clarified the spatiotemporal expression of Fut9, together with LeX, in the brain and retina. We found that Fut9-expressing cells are positive for Ctip2, a marker of neurons residing in layer V/VI, and TLE4, a marker of corticothalamic projection neurons (CThPNs) in layer VI, of the cortex. A birthdating analysis using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine at embryonic day (E)11.5, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine at E12.5, and in utero electroporation of a GFP expression plasmid at E14.5 revealed a reduction in the percentage of neurons produced at E11.5 in layer VI/subplate of the cortex and in the ganglion cell layer of the retina in P0 Fut9-/- mice. Furthermore, this reduction in layer VI/subplate neurons persisted into adulthood, leading to a reduction in the number of Ctip2strong/Satb2- excitatory neurons in layer V/VI of the adult Fut9-/- cortex. These results suggest that Fut9 plays significant roles in the differentiation, migration, and maturation of neural precursor cells in the cortex and retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Abdullah
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hayashi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikenaka
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Akira Togayachi
- Research Centre for Medical Glycoscience, Glycogene Function Team, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Centre for Medical Glycoscience, Glycogene Function Team, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Seiji Hitoshi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan.
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
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Mulari S, Eskin A, Lampinen M, Nummi A, Nieminen T, Teittinen K, Ojala T, Kankainen M, Vento A, Laurikka J, Kupari M, Harjula A, Tuncbag N, Kankuri E. Ischemic Heart Disease Selectively Modifies the Right Atrial Appendage Transcriptome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:728198. [PMID: 34926599 PMCID: PMC8674465 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.728198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although many pathological changes have been associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD), molecular-level alterations specific to the ischemic myocardium and their potential to reflect disease severity or therapeutic outcome remain unclear. Currently, diagnosis occurs relatively late and evaluating disease severity is largely based on clinical symptoms, various imaging modalities, or the determination of risk factors. This study aims to identify IHD-associated signature RNAs from the atrial myocardium and evaluate their ability to reflect disease severity or cardiac surgery outcomes. Methods and Results: We collected right atrial appendage (RAA) biopsies from 40 patients with invasive coronary angiography (ICA)-positive IHD undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and from 8 patients ICA-negative for IHD (non-IHD) undergoing valvular surgery. Following RNA sequencing, RAA transcriptomes were analyzed against 429 donors from the GTEx project without cardiac disease. The IHD transcriptome was characterized by repressed RNA expression in pathways for cell-cell contacts and mitochondrial dysfunction. Increased expressions of the CSRNP3, FUT10, SHD, NAV2-AS4, and hsa-mir-181 genes resulted in significance with the complexity of coronary artery obstructions or correlated with a functional cardiac benefit from bypass surgery. Conclusions: Our results provide an atrial myocardium-focused insight into IHD signature RNAs. The specific gene expression changes characterized here, pave the way for future disease mechanism-based identification of biomarkers for early detection and treatment of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severi Mulari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arda Eskin
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Milla Lampinen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annu Nummi
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo Nieminen
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Teittinen
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teija Ojala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Laurikka
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markku Kupari
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Harjula
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nurcan Tuncbag
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Sasaki N, Itakura Y, Mohsin S, Ishigami T, Kubo H, Chiba Y. Cell Surface and Functional Features of Cortical Bone Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111849. [PMID: 34769279 PMCID: PMC8584423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly established mouse cortical-bone-derived stem cells (mCBSCs) are unique stem cells compared to mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). The mCBSC-treated hearts after myocardial infarction have been reported to have greater improvement in myocardial structure and functions. In this study, we examined the stemness features, cell surface glycan profiles, and paracrine functions of mCBSCs compared with mMSCs. The stemness analysis revealed that the self-renewing capacity of mCBSCs was greater than mMSCs; however, the differentiation capacity of mCBSCs was limited to the chondrogenic lineage among three types of cells (adipocyte, osteoblast, chondrocyte). The cell surface glycan profiles by lectin array analysis revealed that α2-6sialic acid is expressed at very low levels on the cell surface of mCBSCs compared with that on mMSCs. In contrast, the lactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) structure, poly lactosamine- or poly N-acetylglucosamine structure, and α2-3sialic acid on both N- and O-glycans were more highly expressed in mCBSCs. Moreover, we found that mCBSCs secrete a greater amount of TGF-β1 compared to mMSCs, and that the TGF-β1 contributed to the self-migration of mCBSCs and activation of fibroblasts. Together, these results suggest that unique characteristics in mCBSCs compared to mMSCs may lead to advanced utility of mCBSCs for cardiac and noncardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Sasaki
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (N.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yoko Itakura
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (N.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Medical Education and Research Building, 3500N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (S.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Tomoaki Ishigami
- School of Medicine, Medical Course, Medical Sciences and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan;
| | - Hajime Kubo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Medical Education and Research Building, 3500N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (S.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Yumi Chiba
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (N.S.); (Y.I.)
- Cancer/Advanced Adult Nursing, Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +8145-787-2564
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4
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Ezeabikwa B, Mondal N, Antonopoulos A, Haslam SM, Matsumoto Y, Martin-Caraballo M, Lehoux S, Mandalasi M, Ishaque A, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Cummings RD, Nyame AK. Major differences in glycosylation and Fucosyltransferase expression in low-grade versus high-grade bladder cancer cell lines. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1444-1463. [PMID: 34350945 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the ninth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, and there is a need to develop new biomarkers for staging and prognosis of this disease. Here we report that cell lines derived from low-grade and high-grade bladder cancers exhibit major differences in expression of glycans in surface glycoproteins. We analyzed protein glycosylation in three low-grade bladder cancer cell lines RT4 (grade-1-2), 5637 (grade-2), and SW780 (grade-1), and three high-grade bladder cancer cell lines J82COT (grade-3), T24 (grade-3), and TCCSUP (grade-4), with primary bladder epithelial cells, A/T/N, serving as a normal bladder cell control. Using a variety of approaches including flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, glycomics, and gene expression analysis, we observed that the low-grade bladder cancer cell lines RT4, 5637, and SW780 express high levels of the fucosylated Lewis x (Lex) antigen (CD15) (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3) GlcNAcβ1-R), while normal bladder epithelial A/T/N cells lack Lex expression. T24 and TCCSUP cells also lack Lex, whereas J82COT cells express low levels of Lex. Glycomics analyses revealed other major differences in fucosylation and sialylation of N-glycans between these cell types. O-glycans are highly differentiated, as RT4 cells synthesize core 2-based O-glycans that are lacking in the T24 cells. These differences in glycan expression correlated with differences in RNA expression levels of their cognate glycosyltransferases, including α1-3/4-fucosyltransferase genes. These major differences in glycan structures and gene expression profiles between low- and high-grade bladder cancer cells suggest that glycans and glycosyltransferases are candidate biomarkers for grading bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Ezeabikwa
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Nandini Mondal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Miguel Martin-Caraballo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Msano Mandalasi
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Ali Ishaque
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony K Nyame
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
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5
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Sytnyk V, Leshchyns'ka I, Schachner M. Neural glycomics: the sweet side of nervous system functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:93-116. [PMID: 32613283 PMCID: PMC11071817 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The success of investigations on the structure and function of the genome (genomics) has been paralleled by an equally awesome progress in the analysis of protein structure and function (proteomics). We propose that the investigation of carbohydrate structures that go beyond a cell's metabolism is a rapidly developing frontier in our expanding knowledge on the structure and function of carbohydrates (glycomics). No other functional system appears to be suited as well as the nervous system to study the functions of glycans, which had been originally characterized outside the nervous system. In this review, we describe the multiple studies on the functions of LewisX, the human natural killer cell antigen-1 (HNK-1), as well as oligomannosidic and sialic (neuraminic) acids. We attempt to show the sophistication of these structures in ontogenetic development, synaptic function and plasticity, and recovery from trauma, with a view on neurodegeneration and possibilities to ameliorate deterioration. In view of clinical applications, we emphasize the need for glycomimetic small organic compounds which surpass the usefulness of natural glycans in that they are metabolically more stable, more parsimonious to synthesize or isolate, and more advantageous for therapy, since many of them pass the blood brain barrier and are drug-approved for treatments other than those in the nervous system, thus allowing a more ready access for application in neurological diseases. We describe the isolation of such mimetic compounds using not only Western NIH, but also traditional Chinese medical libraries. With this review, we hope to deepen the interests in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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6
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Vicuña L, Fernandez MI, Vial C, Valdebenito P, Chaparro E, Espinoza K, Ziegler A, Bustamante A, Eyheramendy S. Adaptation to Extreme Environments in an Admixed Human Population from the Atacama Desert. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 11:2468-2479. [PMID: 31384924 PMCID: PMC6733355 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (As) is a toxic xenobiotic and carcinogen associated with severe health conditions. The urban population from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile was exposed to extremely high As levels (up to 600 µg/l) in drinking water between 1958 and 1971, leading to increased incidence of urinary bladder cancer (BC), skin cancer, kidney cancer, and coronary thrombosis decades later. Besides, the Andean Native-American ancestors of the Atacama population were previously exposed for millennia to elevated As levels in water (∼120 µg/l) for at least 5,000 years, suggesting adaptation to this selective pressure. Here, we performed two genome-wide selection tests—PBSn1 and an ancestry-enrichment test—in an admixed population from Atacama, to identify adaptation signatures to As exposure acquired before and after admixture with Europeans, respectively. The top second variant selected by PBSn1 was associated with LCE4A-C1orf68, a gene that may be involved in the immune barrier of the epithelium during BC. We performed association tests between the top PBSn1 hits and BC occurrence in our population. The strongest association (P = 0.012) was achieved by the LCE4A-C1orf68 variant. The ancestry-enrichment test detected highly significant signals (P = 1.3 × 10−9) mapping MAK16, a gene with important roles in ribosome biogenesis during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the genetic factors involved in adaptation to the pathophysiological consequences of As exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vicuña
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario I Fernandez
- Department of Urology, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Vial
- Center for Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Annemarie Ziegler
- Center for Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Susana Eyheramendy
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
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7
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Sah RK, Yang A, Bah FB, Adlat S, Bohio AA, Oo ZM, Wang C, Myint MZZ, Bahadar N, Zhang L, Feng X, Zheng Y. Transcriptome profiling of mouse brain and lung under Dip2a regulation using RNA-sequencing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213702. [PMID: 31291246 PMCID: PMC6619597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Disconnected interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A) is highly expressed in nervous system and respiratory system of developing embryos. However, genes regulated by Dip2a in developing brain and lung have not been systematically studied. Transcriptome of brain and lung in embryonic 19.5 day (E19.5) were compared between wild type and Dip2a-/- mice. An average of 50 million reads per sample was mapped to the reference sequence. A total of 214 DEGs were detected in brain (82 up and 132 down) and 1900 DEGs in lung (1259 up and 641 down). GO enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs in both Brain and Lung were mainly enriched in biological processes ‘DNA-templated transcription and Transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter’, ‘multicellular organism development’, ‘cell differentiation’ and ‘apoptotic process’. In addition, COG classification showed that both were mostly involved in ‘Replication, Recombination, and Repair’, ‘Signal transduction and mechanism’, ‘Translation, Ribosomal structure and Biogenesis’ and ‘Transcription’. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that brain was mainly enriched in ‘Thyroid cancer’ pathway whereas lung in ‘Complement and Coagulation Cascades’ pathway. Transcription factor (TF) annotation analysis identified Zinc finger domain containing (ZF) proteins were mostly regulated in lung and brain. Interestingly, study identified genes Skor2, Gpr3711, Runx1, Erbb3, Frmd7, Fut10, Sox11, Hapln1, Tfap2c and Plxnb3 from brain that play important roles in neuronal cell maturation, differentiation, and survival; genes Hoxa5, Eya1, Errfi1, Sox11, Shh, Igf1, Ccbe1, Crh, Fgf9, Lama5, Pdgfra, Ptn, Rbp4 and Wnt7a from lung are important in lung development. Expression levels of the candidate genes were validated by qRT-PCR. Genome wide transcriptional analysis using wild type and Dip2a knockout mice in brain and lung at embryonic day 19.5 (E19.5) provided a genetic basis of molecular function of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar Sah
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Analn Yang
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Fatoumata Binta Bah
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Salah Adlat
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ameer Ali Bohio
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Zin Mar Oo
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenhao Wang
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - May Zun Zaw Myint
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Noor Bahadar
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Luqing Zhang
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LQZ); (XCF); (YWZ)
| | - Xuechao Feng
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LQZ); (XCF); (YWZ)
| | - Yaowu Zheng
- Transgenic Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LQZ); (XCF); (YWZ)
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Montgomery MR, Hull EE. Alterations in the glycome after HDAC inhibition impact oncogenic potential in epigenetically plastic SW13 cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:79. [PMID: 30651077 PMCID: PMC6335691 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Defects in the type and degree of cellular glycosylation impact oncogenesis on multiple levels. Although the type of glycosylation is determined by protein sequence encoded by the genome, the extent and modifications of glycosylation depends on the activity of biosynthetic enzymes and recent data suggests that the glycome is also subject to epigenetic regulation. This study focuses on the ability of HDAC inhibition to alter glycosylation and to lead to pro-oncogenic alterations in the glycome as assessed by metastatic potential and chemoresistance. Methods Epigenetically plastic SW13 adrenocortical carcinoma cells were treated with FK228, an HDAC inhibitor with high affinity for HDAC1 and, to a lesser extent, HDAC2. In comparing HDAC inhibitor treated and control cells, differential expression of glycome-related genes were assessed by microarray. Differential glycosylation was then assessed by lectin binding arrays and the ability of cellular proteins to bind to glycans was assessed by glycan binding arrays. Differential sensitivity to paclitaxel, proliferation, and MMP activity were also assessed. Results Treatment with FK228 alters expression of enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways for a large number of glycome related genes including enzymes in all major glycosylation pathways and several glycan binding proteins. 84% of these differentially expressed glycome-related genes are linked to cancer, some as prognostic markers and others contributing basic oncogenic functions such as metastasis or chemoresistance. Glycan binding proteins also appear to be differentially expressed as protein extracts from treated and untreated cells show differential binding to glycan arrays. The impact of differential mRNA expression of glycosylation enzymes was documented by differential lectin binding. However, the assessment of changes in the glycome is complicated by the fact that detection of differential glycosylation through lectin binding is dependent on the methods used to prepare samples as protein-rich lysates show different binding than fixed cells in several cases. Paralleling the alterations in the glycome, treatment of SW13 cells with FK228 increases metastatic potential and reduces sensitivity to paclitaxel. Conclusions The glycome is substantially altered by HDAC inhibition and these changes may have far-reaching impacts on oncogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5129-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKale R Montgomery
- College of Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Hull
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
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Theis T, Johal AS, Kabat M, Basak S, Schachner M. Enhanced Neuronal Survival and Neurite Outgrowth Triggered by Novel Small Organic Compounds Mimicking the LewisX Glycan. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8203-8215. [PMID: 29520715 PMCID: PMC6314473 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation fine-tunes signal transduction of adhesion molecules during neural development and supports synaptic plasticity and repair after injury in the adult nervous system. One abundantly expressed neural glycan is LewisX (LeX). Although it is known that its expression starts at the formation of the neural tube during the second embryonic week in the mouse and peaks during the first postnatal week, its functional relevance is only rudimentarily understood. To gain better insights into the functions of this glycan, we identified small organic compounds that mimic structurally and functionally this glycan glycosidically linked to several neural adhesion molecules. Mimetic compounds were identified by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the LeX-specific monoclonal antibodies L5 and SSEA-1 for screening a library of small organic molecules. In this assay, antibody binding to substrate-coated LeX glycomimetic peptide is measured in the presence of compounds, allowing identification of molecules that inhibit antibody binding and thereby mimic LeX. Gossypol, orlistat, ursolic acid, folic acid, and tosufloxacin inhibited antibody binding in a concentration-dependent manner. With the aim to functionally characterize the molecular consequences of the compounds' actions, we here present evidence that, at nM concentrations, the mimetic compounds enhance neurite outgrowth and promote neuronal survival of cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells via, notably, distinct signal transduction pathways. These findings raise hopes that these LeX mimetics will be powerful tools for further studying the functions of LeX and its effects in acute and chronic nervous system disease models. It is worth mentioning in this context that the LeX compounds investigated in the present study have been clinically approved for different therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Anmol Singh Johal
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Maciej Kabat
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Sayantani Basak
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
- Developmental Sciences-Safety Assessment, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080-4990, USA
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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10
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Weldemariam MM, Han CL, Shekari F, Kitata RB, Chuang CY, Hsu WT, Kuo HC, Choong WK, Sung TY, He FC, Chung MCM, Salekdeh GH, Chen YJ. Subcellular Proteome Landscape of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Revealed Missing Membrane Proteins. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:4138-4151. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehari Muuz Weldemariam
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ching-Yu Chuang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiepei 115, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | - Fu-Chu He
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Maxey Ching Ming Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, 14 Science Drive 4, singapore, 117543 Singpore
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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11
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Nishihara S. Glycans in stem cell regulation: from
Drosophila
tissue stem cells to mammalian pluripotent stem cells. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3773-3790. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology Department of Bioinformatics Graduate School of Engineering Soka University Hachioji Japan
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12
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Mondal N, Dykstra B, Lee J, Ashline DJ, Reinhold VN, Rossi DJ, Sackstein R. Distinct human α(1,3)-fucosyltransferases drive Lewis-X/sialyl Lewis-X assembly in human cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:7300-7314. [PMID: 29593094 PMCID: PMC5950021 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, six α(1,3)-fucosyltransferases (α(1,3)-FTs: FT3/FT4/FT5/FT6/FT7/FT9) reportedly fucosylate terminal lactosaminyl glycans yielding Lewis-X (LeX; CD15) and/or sialyl Lewis-X (sLeX; CD15s), structures that play key functions in cell migration, development, and immunity. Prior studies analyzing α(1,3)-FT specificities utilized either purified and/or recombinant enzymes to modify synthetic substrates under nonphysiological reaction conditions or molecular biology approaches wherein α(1,3)-FTs were expressed in mammalian cell lines, notably excluding investigations using primary human cells. Accordingly, although significant insights into α(1,3)-FT catalytic properties have been obtained, uncertainty persists regarding their human LeX/sLeX biosynthetic range across various glycoconjugates. Here, we undertook a comprehensive evaluation of the lactosaminyl product specificities of intracellularly expressed α(1,3)-FTs using a clinically relevant primary human cell type, mesenchymal stem cells. Cells were transfected with modified mRNA encoding each human α(1,3)-FT, and the resultant α(1,3)-fucosylated lactosaminyl glycoconjugates were analyzed using a combination of flow cytometry and MS. The data show that biosynthesis of sLeX is driven by FTs-3, -5, -6, and -7, with FT6 and FT7 having highest potency. FT4 and FT9 dominantly biosynthesize LeX, and, among all FTs, FT6 holds a unique capacity in creating sLeX and LeX determinants across protein and lipid glycoconjugates. Surprisingly, FT4 does not generate sLeX on glycolipids, and neither FT4, FT6, nor FT9 synthesizes the internally fucosylated sialyllactosamine VIM-2 (CD65s). These results unveil the relevant human lactosaminyl glycans created by human α(1,3)-FTs, providing novel insights on how these isoenzymes stereoselectively shape biosynthesis of vital glycoconjugates, thereby biochemically programming human cell migration and tuning human immunologic and developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Mondal
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Brad Dykstra
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Jungmin Lee
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - David J Ashline
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03828
| | - Vernon N Reinhold
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03828
| | - Derrick J Rossi
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
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13
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Wilson KM, Jagger AM, Walker M, Seinkmane E, Fox JM, Kröger R, Genever P, Ungar D. Glycans modify mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to impact on the function of resulting osteoblasts. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209452. [PMID: 29361539 PMCID: PMC5868951 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans are inherently heterogeneous, yet glycosylation is essential in eukaryotes, and glycans show characteristic cell type-dependent distributions. By using an immortalized human mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) line model, we show that both N- and O-glycan processing in the Golgi functionally modulates early steps of osteogenic differentiation. We found that inhibiting O-glycan processing in the Golgi prior to the start of osteogenesis inhibited the mineralization capacity of the formed osteoblasts 3 weeks later. In contrast, inhibition of N-glycan processing in MSCs altered differentiation to enhance the mineralization capacity of the osteoblasts. The effect of N-glycans on MSC differentiation was mediated by the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway owing to reduced Akt phosphorylation. Interestingly, by inhibiting PI3K during the first 2 days of osteogenesis, we were able to phenocopy the effect of inhibiting N-glycan processing. Thus, glycan processing provides another layer of regulation that can modulate the functional outcome of differentiation. Glycan processing can thereby offer a novel set of targets for many therapeutically attractive processes. Summary: Both N- and O-glycan processing modulate MSC differentiation early during osteogenesis to influence mineral formation. Inhibition of N-glycan processing increases mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Walker
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | | | - James M Fox
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Roland Kröger
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Paul Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Daniel Ungar
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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14
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Luque-Molina I, Khatri P, Schmidt-Edelkraut U, Simeonova IK, Hölzl-Wenig G, Mandl C, Ciccolini F. Bone Morphogenetic Protein Promotes Lewis X Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen 1 Expression Thereby Interfering with Neural Precursor and Stem Cell Proliferation. Stem Cells 2017; 35:2417-2429. [PMID: 28869691 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The glycoprotein Prominin-1 and the carbohydrate Lewis X stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (LeX-SSEA1) both have been extensively used as cell surface markers to purify neural stem cells (NSCs). While Prominin-1 labels a specialized membrane region in NSCs and ependymal cells, the specificity of LeX-SSEA1 expression and its biological significance are still unknown. To address these issues, we have here monitored the expression of the carbohydrate in neonatal and adult NSCs and in their progeny. Our results show that the percentage of immunopositive cells and the levels of LeX-SSEA1 immunoreactivity both increase with postnatal age across all stages of the neural lineage. This is associated with decreased proliferation in precursors including NSCs, which accumulate the carbohydrate at the cell surface while remaining quiescent. Exposure of precursors to bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) increases LEX-SSEA1 expression, which promotes cell cycle withdrawal by a mechanism involving LeX-SSEA1-mediated interaction at the cell surface. Conversely, interference with either BMP signaling or with LeX-SSEA1 promotes proliferation to a similar degree. Thus, in the postnatal germinal niche, the expression of LeX-SSEA1 increases with age and exposure to BMP signaling, thereby downregulating the proliferation of subependymal zone precursors including NSCs. Stem Cells 2017;35:2417-2429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inma Luque-Molina
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Priti Khatri
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Udo Schmidt-Edelkraut
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina K Simeonova
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Hölzl-Wenig
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudi Mandl
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Ciccolini
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Glycans define the stemness of naïve and primed pluripotent stem cells. Glycoconj J 2016; 34:737-747. [PMID: 27796614 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface glycans are tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. They function as essential modulators in cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and ligand-receptor interactions, binding to various ligands, including Wnt, fibroblast growth factors, and bone morphogenetic proteins. Embryonic stem (ES) cells, originally derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, have the essential characteristics of pluripotency and self-renewal. Recently, it has been proposed that mouse and human conventional ES cells are present in different developmental stages, namely pre-implantation blastocyst and post-implantation blastocyst stages, also called the naïve state and the primed state, respectively. They therefore require different extrinsic signals for the maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency, and also appear to require different surface glycans. Understanding of molecular mechanisms involving glycans in self-renewal and pluripotency of ES cells is increasingly important for potential clinical applications, as well as for basic research. This review focuses on the roles of glycans in the two different states of pluripotent stem cells, namely the naïve state and the primed state, and the transition between these two states.
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16
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Kawamura T, Miyagawa S, Fukushima S, Kashiyama N, Kawamura A, Ito E, Saito A, Maeda A, Eguchi H, Toda K, Miyagawa S, Okuyama H, Sawa Y. Structural Changes in N-Glycans on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiating Toward Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:1258-64. [PMID: 26378261 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cell-surface glycans vary widely, depending on cell properties. Previously, we reported that the pattern of N-glycan expression on murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) changed toward that of the cardiac tissue during cardiomyogenic differentiation. In this study, N-glycans were isolated from human iPSCs, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs), and human cardiomyocytes (hCMCs). Their structures were analyzed by a mapping technique based on high-performance liquid chromatography elution positions and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometric data. Of 52 isolated N-glycans, the structures of 38 were clearly identified. In addition, 11 structures were partially identified because the binding style and fucose binding site at the nonreduced terminal could not be identified. Quantitation of each type of N-glycan, based on the terminal glycosylation process, revealed that the exposed N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and the nonreduced terminal fucose types decreased, whereas the exposed galactose or the α2-3 NeuAc types increased in the iPSCs during cardiomyogenic differentiation. However, the bisecting GlcNAc and the triantennary structures were found in relative abundance in the iPSC-CMs in comparison with hCMCs or iPSCs. Expression of MGAT3, a glycosyltransferase-encoding gene that produces the bisecting GlcNAc structures, was higher in iPSCs and iPSC-CMs than in hCMCs. These findings will prove useful in understanding the directional precision of cardiomyogenic differentiation in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE This study focused on N-glycans produced in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes to investigate their change on cardiomyogenic differentiation in vitro. This shows that the expression pattern of N-glycans in human iPSCs changed toward the pattern observed in human cardiomyocytes upon cardiomyogenic differentiation. Structural differences were also observed in the bisecting N-acetylglucosamine and the triantennary structures upon cardiomyogenic differentiation. The findings of this study will help in understanding the directional precision of cardiomyogenic differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kashiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ai Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Maeda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Eguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Toda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuji Miyagawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Okuyama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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17
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Merzaban JS, Imitola J, Starossom SC, Zhu B, Wang Y, Lee J, Ali AJ, Olah M, Abuelela AF, Khoury SJ, Sackstein R. Cell surface glycan engineering of neural stem cells augments neurotropism and improves recovery in a murine model of multiple sclerosis. Glycobiology 2015; 25:1392-409. [PMID: 26153105 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC)-based therapies offer potential for neural repair in central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Typically, these conditions present with multifocal CNS lesions making it impractical to inject NSCs locally, thus mandating optimization of vascular delivery of the cells to involved sites. Here, we analyzed NSCs for expression of molecular effectors of cell migration and found that these cells are natively devoid of E-selectin ligands. Using glycosyltransferase-programmed stereosubstitution (GPS), we glycan engineered the cell surface of NSCs ("GPS-NSCs") with resultant enforced expression of the potent E-selectin ligand HCELL (hematopoietic cell E-/L-selectin ligand) and of an E-selectin-binding glycoform of neural cell adhesion molecule ("NCAM-E"). Following intravenous (i.v.) injection, short-term homing studies demonstrated that, compared with buffer-treated (control) NSCs, GPS-NSCs showed greater neurotropism. Administration of GPS-NSC significantly attenuated the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), with markedly decreased inflammation and improved oligodendroglial and axonal integrity, but without evidence of long-term stem cell engraftment. Notably, this effect of NSC is not a universal property of adult stem cells, as administration of GPS-engineered mouse hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells did not improve EAE clinical course. These findings highlight the utility of cell surface glycan engineering to boost stem cell delivery in neuroinflammatory conditions and indicate that, despite the use of a neural tissue-specific progenitor cell population, neural repair in EAE results from endogenous repair and not from direct, NSC-derived cell replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeen S Merzaban
- Department of Dermatology Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaime Imitola
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah C Starossom
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bing Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Amal J Ali
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marta Olah
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ayman F Abuelela
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia J Khoury
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology Department of Medicine, Harvard Skin Disease Research Center
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18
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Targeted electro-delivery of oligonucleotides for RNA interference: siRNA and antimiR. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 81:161-8. [PMID: 24819217 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For more than a decade, the understanding of RNA interference (RNAi) has been a growing field of interest. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that play an important role in disease development and progression and therefore represent a potential new class of therapeutic targets. However, delivery of RNAi-based oligonucleotides is one of the most challenging hurdles to RNAi-based drug development. Electropermeabilization (EP) is recognized as a successful non-viral method to transfer nucleic acids into living cells both in vitro and in vivo. EP is the direct application of electric pulses to cells or tissues that transiently permeabilize plasma membranes, allowing the efficient delivery of exogenous molecules. The present review focused on the mechanism of RNAi-based oligonucleotides electrotransfer, from cellular uptake to intracellular distribution. Biophysical theories on oligonucleotide electrotransfer will be also presented. The advantages and few drawbacks of EP-mediated delivery will also be discussed.
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