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Réthoré E, Pelletier S, Balliau T, Zivy M, Avelange-Macherel MH, Macherel D. Multi-scale analysis of heat stress acclimation in Arabidopsis seedlings highlights the primordial contribution of energy-transducing organelles. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:300-331. [PMID: 38613336 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Much progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to heat stress. However, the great diversity of models and stress conditions, and the fact that analyses are often limited to a small number of approaches, complicate the picture. We took advantage of a liquid culture system in which Arabidopsis seedlings are arrested in their development, thus avoiding interference with development and drought stress responses, to investigate through an integrative approach seedlings' global response to heat stress and acclimation. Seedlings perfectly tolerate a noxious heat shock (43°C) when subjected to a heat priming treatment at a lower temperature (38°C) the day before, displaying a thermotolerance comparable to that previously observed for Arabidopsis. A major effect of the pre-treatment was to partially protect energy metabolism under heat shock and favor its subsequent rapid recovery, which was correlated with the survival of seedlings. Rapid recovery of actin cytoskeleton and mitochondrial dynamics were another landmark of heat shock tolerance. The omics confirmed the role of the ubiquitous heat shock response actors but also revealed specific or overlapping responses to priming, heat shock, and their combination. Since only a few components or functions of chloroplast and mitochondria were highlighted in these analyses, the preservation and rapid recovery of their bioenergetic roles upon acute heat stress do not require extensive remodeling of the organelles. Protection of these organelles is rather integrated into the overall heat shock response, thus allowing them to provide the energy required to elaborate other cellular responses toward acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Réthoré
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, INRAE, IRHS-UMR 1345, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Sandra Pelletier
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, INRAE, IRHS-UMR 1345, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Thierry Balliau
- INRAE, PAPPSO, UMR/UMR Génétique Végétale, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Michel Zivy
- INRAE, PAPPSO, UMR/UMR Génétique Végétale, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - David Macherel
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, INRAE, IRHS-UMR 1345, F-49000, Angers, France
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2
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Liu B, Xu C, He Q, Zhang K, Qi S, Jin Z, Cheng W, Ding Z, Chen D, Zhao X, Zhang W, Zhang K, Li K. Membralin is required for maize development and defines a branch of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2406090121. [PMID: 38865274 PMCID: PMC11194580 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406090121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) plays key roles in controlling protein levels and quality in eukaryotes. The Ring Finger Protein 185 (RNF185)/membralin ubiquitin ligase complex was recently identified as a branch in mammals and is essential for neuronal function, but its function in plant development is unknown. Here, we report the map-based cloning and characterization of Narrow Leaf and Dwarfism 1 (NLD1), which encodes the ER membrane-localized protein membralin and specifically interacts with maize homologs of RNF185 and related components. The nld1 mutant shows defective leaf and root development due to reduced cell number. The defects of nld1 were largely restored by expressing membralin genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and mice, highlighting the conserved roles of membralin proteins in animals and plants. The excessive accumulation of β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase in nld1 indicates that the enzyme is a membralin-mediated ERAD target. The activation of bZIP60 mRNA splicing-related unfolded protein response signaling and marker gene expression in nld1, as well as DNA fragment and cell viability assays, indicate that membralin deficiency induces ER stress and cell death in maize, thereby affecting organogenesis. Our findings uncover the conserved, indispensable role of the membralin-mediated branch of the ERAD pathway in plants. In addition, ZmNLD1 contributes to plant architecture in a dose-dependent manner, which can serve as a potential target for genetic engineering to shape ideal plant architecture, thereby enhancing high-density maize yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Changzheng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Qiuxia He
- Science and Technology Service Platform, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan250103, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Shoumei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Maize Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Maize Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
| | - Donghua Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong271018, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
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3
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Xu T, Zhou H, Feng J, Guo M, Huang H, Yang P, Zhou J. Involvement of HSP70 in BAG9-mediated thermotolerance in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108353. [PMID: 38219426 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Because of a high sensitivity to high temperature, both the yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are severely restricted by heat stress. The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) proteins, a family of multi-functional co-chaperones, are involved in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. We have previously demonstrated that BAG9 positively regulates thermotolerance in tomato. However, the BAG9-mediated mechanism of thermotolerance in tomato has remained elusive. In the present study, we report that BAG9 interacts with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in vitro and in vivo. Silencing HSP70 decreased thermotolerance of tomato plants, as reflected by the phenotype, relative electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, the photosystem activities, activities of antioxidant enzymes and expression of key genes encoding antioxidant enzymes were reduced in HSP70-silenced plants under heat stress. Additionally, silencing HSP70 decreased thermotolerance of overexpressing BAG9 plants, which was related to decreased photosynthetic rate, increased damage to photosystem I and photosystem II, decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased expression of key genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, the present study identified that HSP70 is involved in BAG9-mediated thermotolerance by protecting the photosystem stability and improving the efficiency of the antioxidant system in tomato. This knowledge can be helpful to breed improved crop cultivars that are better equipped with thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huamin Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang J, Ao M, Ma A, Yu J, Guo P, Huang S, Peng X, Yun DJ, Xu ZY. A Mitochondrial Localized Chaperone Regulator OsBAG6 Functions in Saline-Alkaline Stress Tolerance in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:10. [PMID: 38252225 PMCID: PMC10803725 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family genes play prominent roles in regulating plant growth, development, and stress response. Although the molecular mechanism underlying BAG's response to abiotic stress has been studied in Arabidopsis, the function of OsBAG underlying saline-alkaline stress tolerance in rice remains unclear. In this study, OsBAG6, a chaperone regulator localized to mitochondria, was identified as a novel negative regulator of saline-alkaline stress tolerance in rice. The expression level of OsBAG6 was induced by high concentration of salt, high pH, heat and abscisic acid treatments. Overexpression of OsBAG6 in rice resulted in significantly reduced plant heights, grain size, grain weight, as well as higher sensitivity to saline-alkaline stress. By contrast, the osbag6 loss-of-function mutants exhibited decreased sensitivity to saline-alkaline stress. The transcriptomic analysis uncovered differentially expressed genes related to the function of "response to oxidative stress", "defense response", and "secondary metabolite biosynthetic process" in the shoots and roots of OsBAG6-overexpressing transgenic lines. Furthermore, cytoplasmic levels of Ca2+ increase rapidly in plants exposed to saline-alkaline stress. OsBAG6 bound to calcium sensor OsCaM1-1 under normal conditions, which was identified by comparative interactomics, but not in the presence of elevated Ca2+. Released OsCaM1-1 saturated with Ca2+ is then able to regulate downstream stress-responsive genes as part of the response to saline-alkaline stress. OsBAG6 also interacted with energy biosynthesis and metabolic pathway proteins that are involved in plant growth and saline-alkaline stress response mechanisms. This study reveals a novel function for mitochondrial localized OsBAG6 proteins in the saline-alkaline stress response alongside OsCaM1-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Min Ao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jinlei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Shuangzhan Huang
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 132-798, South Korea
| | - Zheng-Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Guo M, Li Z, Wang L, Xu T, Huang H, Kanwar MK, Yang P, Zhou J. BAG8 positively regulates cold stress tolerance by modulating photosystem, antioxidant system and protein protection in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108267. [PMID: 38091937 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family is a relatively conserved and multifunctional co-chaperones in animals and plants, which can flexibly interact with a variety of proteins and regulate various processes from growth and development to stress response. However, compared with animals, the function of BAG family in plant remains largely unknown, especially in response to cold stress. In this study, we have found that the expression of BAG8 was significantly induced in tomato under cold stress. Results showed that bag8 mutants exhibit significantly reduced tolerance towards cold stress, while BAG8 overexpressing lines were relatively resistant as reflected by the phenotype and membrane peroxidation. Measuring of gas exchange parameters, photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) of tomato leaves under cold stress further revealed that BAG8 mitigated cold-induced damage in photosynthetic system. Additionally, bag8 mutants exhibited more cold-induced reactive oxygen species, which were substantially normalized in BAG8 overexpressing plants. Nevertheless, the activities of antioxidant enzymes which were compromised in bag8 mutants were improved in BAG8 overexpressing plants facing cold stress. Additionally, BAG8 interacted with heat shock protein Hsp70 and protein phosphatase PP2A both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrate that BAG8 plays a positive role in cold tolerance in tomato probably by the improvement of photosystems and antioxidant systems, and by interacting with Hsp70 involved in photosynthesis and PP2A involved in stomatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Huamin Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Kanwar
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ping Yang
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Ai G, Si J, Cheng Y, Meng R, Wu Z, Xu R, Wang X, Zhai Y, Peng H, Li Y, Dou D, Jing M. The oomycete-specific BAG subfamily maintains protein homeostasis and promotes pathogenicity in an atypical HSP70-independent manner. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113391. [PMID: 37930886 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is vital for organisms and requires chaperones like the conserved Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) co-chaperones that bind to the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) through their C-terminal BAG domain (BD). Here, we show an unconventional BAG subfamily exclusively found in oomycetes. Oomycete BAGs feature an atypical N-terminal BD with a short and oomycete-specific α1 helix (α1'), plus a C-terminal small heat shock protein (sHSP) domain. In oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae, both BD-α1' and sHSP domains are required for P. sojae BAG (PsBAG) function in cyst germination, pathogenicity, and unfolded protein response assisting in 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins. PsBAGs form homo- and heterodimers through their unique BD-α1' to function properly, with no recruitment of HSP70s to form the common BAG-HSP70 complex found in other eukaryotes. Our study highlights an oomycete-exclusive protein homeostasis mechanism mediated by atypical BAGs, which provides a potential target for oomycete disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Ai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jierui Si
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rui Meng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zishan Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruofei Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ying Zhai
- USDA-ARS, Crop Diseases, Pests and Genetics Research Unit, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
| | - Hao Peng
- USDA-ARS, Crop Diseases, Pests and Genetics Research Unit, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
| | - Yurong Li
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Thanthrige N, Weston-Olliver G, Das Bhowmik S, Friedl J, Rowlings D, Kabbage M, Ferguson BJ, Mundree S, Williams B. The cytoprotective co-chaperone, AtBAG4, supports increased nodulation and seed protein content in chickpea without yield penalty. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18553. [PMID: 37899486 PMCID: PMC10613627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and extreme temperatures significantly limit chickpea productivity worldwide. The regulation of plant programmed cell death pathways is emerging as a key component of plant stress responses to maintain homeostasis at the cellular-level and a potential target for crop improvement against environmental stresses. Arabidopsis thaliana Bcl-2 associated athanogene 4 (AtBAG4) is a cytoprotective co-chaperone that is linked to plant responses to environmental stress. Here, we investigate whether exogenous expression of AtBAG4 impacts nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Transgenic chickpea lines expressing AtBAG4 are more drought tolerant and produce higher yields under drought stress. Furthermore, AtBAG4 expression supports higher nodulation, photosynthetic levels, nitrogen fixation and seed nitrogen content under well-watered conditions when the plants were inoculated with Mesorhizobium ciceri. Together, our findings illustrate the potential use of cytoprotective chaperones to improve crop performance at least in the greenhouse in future uncertain climates with little to no risk to yield under well-watered and water-deficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipuni Thanthrige
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Grace Weston-Olliver
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sudipta Das Bhowmik
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Johannes Friedl
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Rowlings
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mehdi Kabbage
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brett J Ferguson
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sagadevan Mundree
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brett Williams
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Schwarze J, Carolan JC, Stewart GS, McCabe PF, Kacprzyk J. The boundary of life and death: changes in mitochondrial and cytosolic proteomes associated with programmed cell death of Arabidopsis thaliana suspension culture cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1194866. [PMID: 37593044 PMCID: PMC10431908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1194866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Despite the critical role of programmed cell death (PCD) in plant development and defense responses, its regulation is not fully understood. It has been proposed that mitochondria may be important in the control of the early stages of plant PCD, but the details of this regulation are currently unknown. Methods We used Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension culture, a model system that enables induction and precise monitoring of PCD rates, as well as chemical manipulation of this process to generate a quantitative profile of the alterations in mitochondrial and cytosolic proteomes associated with early stages of plant PCD induced by heat stress. The cells were subjected to PCD-inducing heat levels (10 min, 54°C), with/without the calcium channel inhibitor and PCD blocker LaCl3. The stress treatment was followed by separation of cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions and mass spectrometry-based proteome analysis. Results Heat stress induced rapid and extensive changes in protein abundance in both fractions, with release of mitochondrial proteins into the cytosol upon PCD induction. In our system, LaCl3 appeared to act downstream of cell death initiation signal, as it did not affect the release of mitochondrial proteins, but instead partially inhibited changes occurring in the cytosolic fraction, including upregulation of proteins with hydrolytic activity. Discussion We characterized changes in protein abundance and localization associated with the early stages of heat stress-induced PCD. Collectively, the generated data provide new insights into the regulation of cell death and survival decisions in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Schwarze
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Gavin S. Stewart
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul F. McCabe
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Kacprzyk
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Wang J, Tomar D, Martin TG, Dubey S, Dubey PK, Song J, Landesberg G, McCormick MG, Myers VD, Merali S, Merali C, Lemster B, McTiernan CF, Khalili K, Madesh M, Cheung JY, Kirk JA, Feldman AM. Bag3 Regulates Mitochondrial Function and the Inflammasome Through Canonical and Noncanonical Pathways in the Heart. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:820-839. [PMID: 37547075 PMCID: PMC10401293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma 2-associated athanogene-3 (Bag3) is expressed in all animal species, with Bag3 levels being most prominent in the heart, the skeletal muscle, the central nervous system, and in many cancers. Preclinical studies of Bag3 biology have focused on animals that have developed compromised cardiac function; however, the present studies were performed to identify the pathways perturbed in the heart even before the occurrence of clinical signs of dilatation and failure of the heart. These studies show that hearts carrying variants that knockout one allele of BAG3 have significant alterations in multiple cellular pathways including apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial homeostasis, and the inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuFang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dhadendra Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Strich School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Shubham Dubey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Praveen K. Dubey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jianliang Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gavin Landesberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael G. McCormick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Salim Merali
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carmen Merali
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bonnie Lemster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles F. McTiernan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph Y. Cheung
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Strich School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Santillán-Sarmiento A, Pazzaglia J, Ruocco M, Dattolo E, Ambrosino L, Winters G, Marin-Guirao L, Procaccini G. Gene co-expression network analysis for the selection of candidate early warning indicators of heat and nutrient stress in Posidonia oceanica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162517. [PMID: 36868282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The continuous worldwide seagrasses decline calls for immediate actions in order to preserve this precious marine ecosystem. The main stressors that have been linked with decline in seagrasses are 1) the increasing ocean temperature due to climate change and 2) the continuous inputs of nutrients (eutrophication) associated with coastal human activities. To avoid the loss of seagrass populations, an "early warning" system is needed. We used Weighed Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), a systems biology approach, to identify potential candidate genes that can provide an early warning signal of stress in the Mediterranean iconic seagrass Posidonia oceanica, anticipating plant mortality. Plants were collected from both eutrophic (EU) and oligotrophic (OL) environments and were exposed to thermal and nutrient stress in a dedicated mesocosm. By correlating the whole-genome gene expression after 2-weeks exposure with the shoot survival percentage after 5-weeks exposure to stressors, we were able to identify several transcripts that indicated an early activation of several biological processes (BP) including: protein metabolic process, RNA metabolic process, organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process, catabolic process and response to stimulus, which were shared among OL and EU plants and among leaf and shoot apical meristem (SAM), in response to excessive heat and nutrients. Our results suggest a more dynamic and specific response of the SAM compared to the leaf, especially the SAM from plants coming from a stressful environment appeared more dynamic than the SAM from a pristine environment. A vast list of potential molecular markers is also provided that can be used as targets to assess field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Pazzaglia
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Miriam Ruocco
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Dattolo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosino
- Research Infrastructure for Marine Biological Resources Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Gidon Winters
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center (DSASC), Masada National Park, Mount Masada 8698000, Israel.; Eilat Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Hatmarim Blv, Eilat 8855630, Israel
| | - Lázaro Marin-Guirao
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Gabriele Procaccini
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
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11
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Hosseini SS, Ramezanpour SS, Soltanloo H, Seifati SE. RNA-seq analysis and reconstruction of gene networks involved in response to salinity stress in quinoa (cv. Titicaca). Sci Rep 2023; 13:7308. [PMID: 37147414 PMCID: PMC10163252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the mechanisms involved in salinity stress, the adaptability of quinoa cv. Titicaca-a halophytic plant-was investigated at the transcriptome level under saline and non-saline conditions. RNA-sequencing analysis of leaf tissue at the four-leaf stage by Illumina paired-end method was used to compare salt stress treatment (four days after stress at 13.8 dsm-1) and control. Among the obtained 30,846,354 transcripts sequenced, 30,303 differentially expressed genes from the control and stress treatment samples were identified, with 3363 genes expressed ≥ 2 and false discovery rate (FDR) of < 0.001. Six differential expression genes were then selected and qRT-PCR was used to confirm the RNA-seq results. Some of the genes (Include; CML39, CBSX5, TRX1, GRXC9, SnRKγ1 and BAG6) and signaling pathways discussed in this paper not been previously studied in quinoa. Genes with ≥ 2 were used to design the gene interaction network using Cytoscape software, and AgriGO software and STRING database were used for gene ontology. The results led to the identification of 14 key genes involved in salt stress. The most effective hub genes involved in salt tolerance were the heat shock protein gene family. The transcription factors that showed a significant increase in expression under stress conditions mainly belonged to the WRKY, bZIP and MYB families. Ontology analysis of salt stress-responsive genes and hub genes revealed that metabolic pathways, binding, cellular processes and cellular anatomical entity are among the most effective processes involved in salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sanaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran.
| | - Hassan Soltanloo
- Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Seifati
- Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
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12
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Shang K, Xiao L, Zhang X, Zang L, Zhao D, Wang C, Wang X, Zhou T, Zhu C, Zhu X. Tomato chlorosis virus p22 interacts with NbBAG5 to inhibit autophagy and regulate virus infection. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:425-435. [PMID: 36828802 PMCID: PMC10098061 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is a member of the genus Crinivirus in the family Closteroviridae. It has a wide host range and wide distribution, causing serious harm to the vegetable industry. The autophagy pathway plays an important role in plant resistance to virus infection. Viruses and plant hosts coevolve in defence and antidefence processes around autophagy. In this study, the interaction between ToCV p22 and Nicotiana benthamiana B-cell lymphoma2-associated athanogenes5 Nicotiana benthamiana (NbBAG5) was examined. Through overexpression and down-regulation of NbBAG5, results showed that NbBAG5 could negatively regulate ToCV infection. NbBAG5 was found to be localized in mitochondria and can change the original localization of ToCV p22, which is colocalized in mitochondria. NbBAG5 inhibited the expression of mitophagy-related genes and the number of autophagosomes, thereby regulating viral infection by affecting mitophagy. In summary, this study demonstrated that ToCV p22 affects autophagy by interacting with NbBAG5, established the association between viral infection, BAG proteins family, and the autophagy pathway, and explained the molecular mechanism by which ToCV p22 interacts with NbBAG5 to inhibit autophagy to regulate viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Shang
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Li Xiao
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Xianping Zhang
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Lianyi Zang
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Chenchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Xipan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Agro‐Biotechnology, and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Changxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaiʼanChina
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13
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Jiang H, Liu X, Xiao P, Wang Y, Xie Q, Wu X, Ding H. Functional insights of plant bcl-2-associated ahanogene (BAG) proteins: Multi-taskers in diverse cellular signal transduction pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136873. [PMID: 37056491 PMCID: PMC10086319 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) gene family is a highly conserved molecular chaperone cofactor in evolution from yeast to humans and plants playing important roles in a variety of signal pathways. Plant BAG proteins have special structures, especially those containing CaM-binding IQ motifs which are unique to plants. While early studies focused more on the structure and physiological function of plant BAGs, recent studies have revealed many novel functional mechanisms involved in multiple cellular processes. How to achieve signal specificity has become an interesting topic of plant BAG research. In this review, we have provided a historic view of plant BAG research and summarized recent advances in the establishment of BAG as essential components in normal plant growth, environmental stress response, and plant immunity. Based on the relationship between BAG proteins and their newly interacting proteins, this review highlights the functional mechanisms of various cellular signals mediated by plant BAGs. Future work needs to focus on the post-translational modification of BAG proteins, and on understanding how specificity is achieved among BAG signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Peixiang Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Xie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
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14
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Characterization of AtBAG2 as a Novel Molecular Chaperone. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030687. [PMID: 36983842 PMCID: PMC10052705 DOI: 10.3390/life13030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated anthanogene (BAG) family proteins regulate plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the function and precise mechanism of action of each individual BAG protein are not yet clear. In this study, we investigated the biochemical and molecular functions of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAG2 (AtBAG2) protein, and elucidated its physiological role under stress conditions using mutant plants and transgenic yeast strains. The T-DNA insertion atbag2 mutant plants were highly susceptible to heat shock, whereas transgenic yeast strains ectopically expressing AtBAG2 exhibited outstanding thermotolerance. Moreover, a biochemical analysis of GST-fused recombinant proteins produced in bacteria revealed that AtBAG2 exhibits molecular chaperone activity, which could be attributed to its BAG domain. The relevance of the molecular chaperone function of AtBAG2 to the cellular heat stress response was confirmed using yeast transformants, and the experimental results showed that overexpression of the AtBAG2 sequence encoding only the BAG domain was sufficient to impart thermotolerance. Overall, these results suggest that the BAG domain-dependent molecular chaperone activity of AtBAG2 is indispensable for the heat stress response of Arabidopsis. This is the first report demonstrating the role of AtBAG2 as a sole molecular chaperone in Arabidopsis.
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15
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Jan N, Rather AMUD, John R, Chaturvedi P, Ghatak A, Weckwerth W, Zargar SM, Mir RA, Khan MA, Mir RR. Proteomics for abiotic stresses in legumes: present status and future directions. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:171-190. [PMID: 35109728 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2025033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Legumes are the most important crop plants in agriculture, contributing 27% of the world's primary food production. However, productivity and production of Legumes is reduced due to increasing environmental stress. Hence, there is a pressing need to understand the molecular mechanism involved in stress response and legumes adaptation. Proteomics provides an important molecular approach to investigate proteins involved in stress response. Both the gel-based and gel-free-based techniques have significantly contributed to understanding the proteome regulatory network in leguminous plants. In the present review, we have discussed the role of different proteomic approaches (2-DE, 2 D-DIGE, ICAT, iTRAQ, etc.) in the identification of various stress-responsive proteins in important leguminous crops, including soybean, chickpea, cowpea, pigeon pea, groundnut, and common bean under variable abiotic stresses including heat, drought, salinity, waterlogging, frost, chilling and metal toxicity. The proteomic analysis has revealed that most of the identified differentially expressed proteins in legumes are involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction, protein metabolism, defense, and stress adaptation. The proteomic approaches provide insights in understanding the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance in legumes and have resulted in the identification of candidate genes used for the genetic improvement of plants against various environmental stresses. Identifying novel proteins and determining their expression under different stress conditions provide the basis for effective engineering strategies to improve stress tolerance in crop plants through marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelofer Jan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Riffat John
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Palak Chaturvedi
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arindam Ghatak
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu, India
| | - Mohd Anwar Khan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Kashmir, India
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16
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Gu L, Hou B, Chen X, Wang Y, Chang P, He X, Gong D, Sun Q. The Bcl-2-associated athanogene gene family in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum) and the function of NtBAG5 in leaf senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1108588. [PMID: 36844065 PMCID: PMC9947661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence in tobacco is closely related to leaf maturation and secondary metabolites. Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family members are highly conserved proteins and play key roles in senescence, growth and development, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Herein, the BAG family of tobacco was identified and characterized. In total, 19 tobacco BAG protein candidate genes were identified and divided into two classes, class I comprising NtBAG1a-e, NtBAG3a-b, and NtBAG4a-c and class II including NtBAG5a-e, NtBAG6a-b, and NtBAG7. Genes in the same subfamily or branch of the phylogenetic tree exhibited similarities in gene structure and the cis-element on promoters. RNA-seq and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that the expression of NtBAG5c-f and NtBAG6a-b was upregulated in senescent leaves, implying that they play a role in regulating leaf senescence. NtBAG5c was localized in the nucleus and cell wall as a homology of leaf senescence related gene AtBAG5. Further, the interaction of NtBAG5c with heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and sHSP20 was demonstrated using yeast two-hybrid experiment. Virus-induced gene silencing indicated that NtBAG5c reduced the lignin content and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. In NtBAG5c-silenced plants, the expression of multiple senescence-related genes cysteine proteinase (NtCP1), SENESCENCE 4 (SEN4) and SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 12 (SAG12) was downregulated. In conclusion, tobacco BAG protein candidate genes were identified and characterized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxin Gu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Hou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Pingan Chang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Daping Gong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
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17
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Bracher A, Verghese J. Nucleotide Exchange Factors for Hsp70 Molecular Chaperones: GrpE, Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1, and BAG Domain Proteins. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:1-39. [PMID: 36520302 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family are key components of the cellular protein-folding machinery. Substrate folding is accomplished by iterative cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis, and release. The ATPase activity of Hsp70 is regulated by two main classes of cochaperones: J-domain proteins stimulate ATPase hydrolysis by Hsp70, while nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) facilitate the conversion from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound state, thus closing the chaperone folding cycle. NEF function can additionally be antagonized by ADP dissociation inhibitors. Beginning with the discovery of the prototypical bacterial NEF, GrpE, a large diversity of nucleotide exchange factors for Hsp70 have been identified, connecting it to a multitude of cellular processes in the eukaryotic cell. Here we review recent advances toward structure and function of nucleotide exchange factors from the Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1, and BAG domain protein families and discuss how these cochaperones connect protein folding with cellular quality control and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bracher
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Jacob Verghese
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Trophic Communications GmbH, Munich, Germany
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18
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Lee S, Jo SH, Hong CE, Lee J, Cha B, Park JM. Plastid methylerythritol phosphate pathway participates in the hypersensitive response-related cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1032682. [PMID: 36388595 PMCID: PMC9645581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD), a characteristic feature of hypersensitive response (HR) in plants, is an important cellular process often associated with the defense response against pathogens. Here, the involvement of LytB, a gene encoding 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase that participates in the final step of the plastid methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, in plant HR cell death was studied. In Nicotiana benthmiana plants, silencing of the NbLytB gene using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) caused plant growth retardation and albino leaves with severely malformed chloroplasts. In NbLytB-silenced plants, HR-related cell death mediated by the expression of either the human proapoptotic protein gene Bax or an R gene with its cognate Avr effector gene was inhibited, whereas that induced by the nonhost pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 was enhanced. To dissect the isoprenoid pathway and avoid the pleiotropic effects of VIGS, chemical inhibitors that specifically inhibit isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants were employed. Treatment of N. benthamiana plants with fosmidomycin, a specific inhibitor of the plastid MEP pathway, effectively inhibited HR-related PCD, whereas treatment with mevinolin (a cytoplasmic mevalonate pathway inhibitor) and fluridone (a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor) did not. Together, these results suggest that the MEP pathway as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the chloroplast play an important role in HR-related PCD, which is not displaced by the cytosolic isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Jo
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chi Eun Hong
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Byeongjin Cha
- Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jeong Mee Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
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19
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Selinga TI, Maseko ST, Gabier H, Rafudeen MS, Muasya AM, Crespo O, Ogola JBO, Valentine AJ, Ottosen CO, Rosenqvist E, Chimphango SBM. Regulation and physiological function of proteins for heat tolerance in cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata) genotypes under controlled and field conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:954527. [PMID: 36072323 PMCID: PMC9441852 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.954527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The expression of heat shock proteins is considered a central adaptive mechanism to heat stress. This study investigated the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and other stress-protective proteins against heat stress in cowpea genotypes under field (IT-96D-610 and IT-16) and controlled (IT-96D-610) conditions. Heat stress response analysis of proteins at 72 h in the controlled environment showed 270 differentially regulated proteins identified using label-free quantitative proteomics in IT-96D-610 plants. These plants expressed HSPs and chaperones [BAG family molecular chaperone 6 (BAG6), Multiprotein bridging factor1c (MBF1C) and cold shock domain protein 1 (CSDP1) in the controlled environment]. However, IT-96D-610 plants expressed a wider variety of small HSPs and more HSPs in the field. IT-96D-610 plants also responded to heat stress by exclusively expressing chaperones [DnaJ chaperones, universal stress protein and heat shock binding protein (HSBP)] and non-HSP proteins (Deg1, EGY3, ROS protective proteins, temperature-induced lipocalin and succinic dehydrogenase). Photosynthesis recovery and induction of proteins related to photosynthesis were better in IT-96D-610 because of the concurrent induction of heat stress response proteins for chaperone functions, protein degradation for repair and ROS scavenging proteins and PSII operating efficiency (Fq'/Fm') than IT-16. This study contributes to identification of thermotolerance mechanisms in cowpea that can be useful in knowledge-based crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonny I. Selinga
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Sipho T. Maseko
- Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Hawwa Gabier
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Mohammed S. Rafudeen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - A. Muthama Muasya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Olivier Crespo
- Climate System Analysis Group, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - John B. O. Ogola
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Alex J. Valentine
- Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Section for Crop Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
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BAG9 Confers Thermotolerance by Regulating Cellular Redox Homeostasis and the Stability of Heat Shock Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081467. [PMID: 36009189 PMCID: PMC9404849 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family, a group of co-chaperones that share conservative domains in flora and fauna, is involved in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the function of tomato BAG genes on thermotolerance remains largely unknown. Herein, we found that the expression of BAG9 was induced during heat stress in tomato plants. Knockout of the BAG9 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced, while its overexpression increased thermotolerance in tomato plants as reflected by the phenotype, photosynthesis rate, and membrane peroxidation. Heat-induced reactive oxygen species and oxidative/oxidized proteins were further increased in bag9 mutants and were normalized in BAG9 overexpressing plants. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbic acid (AsA)/dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were reduced in bag9 mutants and were increased in BAG9 overexpressing plants under heat stress. Additionally, BAG9 interacted with Hsp20 proteins in vitro and in vivo. Accumulation of Hsp proteins induced by heat showed a reduction in bag9 mutants; meanwhile, it was increased in BAG9 overexpressing plants. Thus, BAG9 played a crucial role in response to heat stress by regulating cellular redox homeostasis and the stability of heat shock proteins.
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21
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Dawson J, Pandey S, Yu Q, Schaub P, Wüst F, Moradi AB, Dovzhenko O, Palme K, Welsch R. Determination of protoplast growth properties using quantitative single-cell tracking analysis. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:64. [PMID: 35585602 PMCID: PMC9118701 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although quantitative single-cell analysis is frequently applied in animal systems, e.g. to identify novel drugs, similar applications on plant single cells are largely missing. We have exploited the applicability of high-throughput microscopic image analysis on plant single cells using tobacco leaf protoplasts, cell-wall free single cells isolated by lytic digestion. Protoplasts regenerate their cell wall within several days after isolation and have the potential to expand and proliferate, generating microcalli and finally whole plants after the application of suitable regeneration conditions. RESULTS High-throughput automated microscopy coupled with the development of image processing pipelines allowed to quantify various developmental properties of thousands of protoplasts during the initial days following cultivation by immobilization in multi-well-plates. The focus on early protoplast responses allowed to study cell expansion prior to the initiation of proliferation and without the effects of shape-compromising cell walls. We compared growth parameters of wild-type tobacco cells with cells expressing the antiapoptotic protein Bcl2-associated athanogene 4 from Arabidopsis (AtBAG4). CONCLUSIONS AtBAG4-expressing protoplasts showed a higher proportion of cells responding with positive area increases than the wild type and showed increased growth rates as well as increased proliferation rates upon continued cultivation. These features are associated with reported observations on a BAG4-mediated increased resilience to various stress responses and improved cellular survival rates following transformation approaches. Moreover, our single-cell expansion results suggest a BAG4-mediated, cell-independent increase of potassium channel abundance which was hitherto reported for guard cells only. The possibility to explain plant phenotypes with single-cell properties, extracted with the single-cell processing and analysis pipeline developed, allows to envision novel biotechnological screening strategies able to determine improved plant properties via single-cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Dawson
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Augusta University, 1201 Goss Ln, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Qiuju Yu
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Schaub
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Wüst
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amir Bahram Moradi
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Dovzhenko
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Palme
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Center for Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Ralf Welsch
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
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22
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Reim S, Winkelmann T, Cestaro A, Rohr AD, Flachowsky H. Identification of Candidate Genes Associated With Tolerance to Apple Replant Disease by Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888908. [PMID: 35615498 PMCID: PMC9125221 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) is a worldwide economic risk in apple cultivation for fruit tree nurseries and fruit growers. Several studies on the reaction of apple plants to ARD are documented but less is known about the genetic mechanisms behind this symptomatology. RNA-seq analysis is a powerful tool for revealing candidate genes that are involved in the molecular responses to biotic stresses in plants. The aim of our work was to find differentially expressed genes in response to ARD in Malus. For this, we compared transcriptome data of the rootstock ‘M9’ (susceptible) and the wild apple genotype M. ×robusta 5 (Mr5, tolerant) after cultivation in ARD soil and disinfected ARD soil, respectively. When comparing apple plantlets grown in ARD soil to those grown in disinfected ARD soil, 1,206 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on a log2 fold change, (LFC) ≥ 1 for up– and ≤ −1 for downregulation (p < 0.05). Subsequent validation revealed a highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.91; p < 0.0001) between RNA-seq and RT-qPCR results indicating a high reliability of the RNA-seq data. PageMan analysis showed that transcripts of genes involved in gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis were significantly enriched in the DEG dataset. Most of these GA biosynthesis genes were associated with functions in cell wall stabilization. Further genes were related to detoxification processes. Genes of both groups were expressed significantly higher in Mr5, suggesting that the lower susceptibility to ARD in Mr5 is not due to a single mechanism. These findings contribute to a better insight into ARD response in susceptible and tolerant apple genotypes. However, future research is needed to identify the defense mechanisms, which are most effective for the plant to overcome ARD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Reim
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stefanie Reim,
| | - Traud Winkelmann
- Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology Section, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Alessandro Cestaro
- Computational Biology Unit, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Annmarie-Deetja Rohr
- Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology Section, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Henryk Flachowsky
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Dresden, Germany
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Liu T, Lin S, Du Y, Gong Y, Li S. SpBAG3 assisted WSSV infection in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) by inhibiting apoptosis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:104349. [PMID: 35007655 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The function of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins can be divided into two categories: anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic. As an anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) plays a key role in regulating apoptosis, development, cell movement, and autophagy, and mediating the adaptability of cells to stimulation. However, SpBAG3 has not been reported in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain), and the regulatory effect of SpBAG3 on apoptosis in mud crab and its function in antiviral immunity is still unknown. In this study, SpBAG3 was found, and characterized, which encoded a total of 175 amino acid (molecular mass 19.3 kDa), including a specific conserved domain of the BAG family. SpBAG3 was significantly down-regulated at 0-48 h post-infection with WSSV in vivo. The antiviral effect of SpBAG3 was investigated using RNA interference. The results indicated that SpBAG3 might be involved in assisting the replication of WSSV in the host. SpBAG3 could change the mitochondrial membrane potential (△ψm), and affect cell apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Therefore, the results of this study suggested that SpBAG3 could assist WSSV infection by inhibiting the apoptosis of the hemocytes in mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shanmeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yaoyao Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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24
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Jiang H, Ji Y, Sheng J, Wang Y, Liu X, Xiao P, Ding H. Genome-Wide Identification of the Bcl-2 Associated Athanogene (BAG) Gene Family in Solanum lycopersicum and the Functional Role of SlBAG9 in Response to Osmotic Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:598. [PMID: 35326248 PMCID: PMC8945447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) proteins are a family of multi-functional group of co-chaperones regulators, modulating diverse processes from plant growth and development to stress response. Here, 10 members of SlBAG gene family were identified based on the available tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genomic information and named as SlBAG1-10 according to their chromosomal location. All SlBAG proteins harbor a characteristic BAG domain, categorized into two groups, and SlBAG4, SlBAG7, and SlBAG9 of group I contain a plant-specific isoleucine glutamine (IQ) calmodulin-binding motif located in the N terminus. The quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis revealed that these SlBAG genes had organ-specific expression patterns and most SlBAG genes were differentially expressed in multiple abiotic stresses including drought, salt, high temperature, cold, and cadmium stress as well as abscisic acid and H2O2. In addition, heterologous overexpression of SlBAG9 increased the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to drought, salt, and ABA during seed germination and seedling growth. The decreased tolerance may be due to the downregulation of stress-related genes expression and severe oxidative stress. The expression levels of some stress and ABA-related genes, such as ABI3, RD29A, DREB2A, and P5CS1, were significantly inhibited by SlBAG9 overexpression under osmotic stress. Meanwhile, the overexpression of SlBAG9 inhibited the expression of FSD1 and CAT1 under stress conditions and the decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities were detected accompanying the trends in the expression of both genes, which resulted in H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Taken together, these findings lay a foundation for the future study of the biological function of SlBAG genes in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Haidong Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.J.); (Y.J.); (J.S.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (P.X.)
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25
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Dash A, Ghag SB. Genome-wide in silico characterization and stress induced expression analysis of BcL-2 associated athanogene (BAG) family in Musa spp. Sci Rep 2022; 12:625. [PMID: 35022483 PMCID: PMC8755836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04707-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically controlled process for the selective removal of damaged cells. Though understanding about plant PCD has improved over years, the mechanisms are yet to be fully deciphered. Among the several molecular players of PCD in plants, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family of co-chaperones are evolutionary conserved and regulate cell death, growth and development. In this study, we performed a genome-wide in silico analysis of the MusaBAG gene family in a globally important fruit crop banana. Thirteen MusaBAG genes were identified, out of which MusaBAG1, 7 and 8 genes were found to have multiple copies. MusaBAG genes were distributed on seven out of 11 chromosomes in banana. Except for one paralog of MusaBAG8 all the other 12 proteins have characteristic BAG domain. MusaBAG1, 2 and 4 have an additional ubiquitin-like domain whereas MusaBAG5-8 have a calmodulin binding motif. Most of the MusaBAG proteins were predicted to be localized in the nucleus and mitochondria or chloroplast. The in silico cis-regulatory element analysis suggested regulation associated with photoperiodic control, abiotic and biotic stress. The phylogenetic analysis revealed 2 major clusters. Digital gene expression analysis and quantitative real-time RT-PCR depicted the differential expression pattern of MusaBAG genes under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Further studies are warranted to uncover the role of each of these proteins in growth, PCD and stress responses so as to explore them as candidate genes for engineering transgenic banana plants with improved agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai Campus, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400 098, India
| | - Siddhesh B Ghag
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai Campus, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400 098, India.
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26
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Arab MM, Brown PJ, Abdollahi-Arpanahi R, Sohrabi SS, Askari H, Aliniaeifard S, Mokhtassi-Bidgoli A, Mesgaran MB, Leslie CA, Marrano A, Neale DB, Vahdati K. Genome-wide association analysis and pathway enrichment provide insights into the genetic basis of photosynthetic responses to drought stress in Persian walnut. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac124. [PMID: 35928405 PMCID: PMC9343916 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering the genetic basis of photosynthetic trait variation under drought stress is essential for breeding climate-resilient walnut cultivars. To this end, we examined photosynthetic capacity in a diverse panel of 150 walnut families (1500 seedlings) from various agro-climatic zones in their habitats and grown in a common garden experiment. Photosynthetic traits were measured under well-watered (WW), water-stressed (WS) and recovery (WR) conditions. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using three genomic datasets: genotyping by sequencing data (∼43 K SNPs) on both mother trees (MGBS) and progeny (PGBS) and the Axiom™ Juglans regia 700 K SNP array data (∼295 K SNPs) on mother trees (MArray). We identified 578 unique genomic regions linked with at least one trait in a specific treatment, 874 predicted genes that fell within 20 kb of a significant or suggestive SNP in at least two of the three GWAS datasets (MArray, MGBS, and PGBS), and 67 genes that fell within 20 kb of a significant SNP in all three GWAS datasets. Functional annotation identified several candidate pathways and genes that play crucial roles in photosynthesis, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, and signal transduction. Further network analysis identified 15 hub genes under WW, WS and WR conditions including GAPB, PSAN, CRR1, NTRC, DGD1, CYP38, and PETC which are involved in the photosynthetic responses. These findings shed light on possible strategies for improving walnut productivity under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Arab
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Patrick J Brown
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | | | - Seyed Sajad Sohrabi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hossein Askari
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen B Mesgaran
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Charles A Leslie
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Annarita Marrano
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - David B Neale
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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27
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Kasirajan L, Valiyaparambth R, Kamaraj K, Sebastiar S, Hoang NV, Athiappan S, Srinivasavedantham V, Subramanian K. Deep sequencing of suppression subtractive library identifies differentially expressed transcripts of Saccharum spontaneum exposed to salinity stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13645. [PMID: 35112353 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Saccharum spontaneum, a wild relative of sugarcane, is highly tolerant to drought and salinity. The exploitation of germplasm resources for salinity tolerance is a major thrust area in India. In this study, we utilized suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) followed by sequencing for the identification of upregulated transcripts during salinity stress in S. spontaneum clones coming from different geographical regions of India. Our sequencing of the SSH library revealed that 95% of the transformants contained inserts of size 200-1500 bp. We have identified 314 differentially expressed transcripts in the salinity-treated samples after subtraction, which were subsequently validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Functional annotation and pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated transcripts were a result of protein modifications, stress, and hormone signaling along with cell wall development and lignification. The prominently upregulated transcripts included UDP glucose dehydrogenase, cellulose synthase, ribulose, cellulose synthase COBRA, leucine-rich protein, NAC domain protein, pectin esterase, ABA-responsive element binding factor 1, and heat stress protein. Our results is a step forward the understanding of the molecular response of S. spontaneum under salinity stress, which will lead to the identification of genes and transcription factors as novel targets for salinity tolerance in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kasirajan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rabisha Valiyaparambth
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Keerthana Kamaraj
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sheelamary Sebastiar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nam V Hoang
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Selvi Athiappan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Karthigeyan Subramanian
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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28
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Kumar S, Seem K, Kumar S, Vinod KK, Chinnusamy V, Mohapatra T. Pup1 QTL Regulates Gene Expression Through Epigenetic Modification of DNA Under Phosphate Starvation Stress in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:871890. [PMID: 35712593 PMCID: PMC9195100 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.871890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cytosine methylation, epigenetic DNA modification, is well known to regulate gene expression. Among the epigenetic modifications, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) has been one of the extensively studied epigenetic changes responsible for regulating gene expression in animals and plants. Though a dramatic change in 5-mC content is observed at the genome level, the variation in gene expression is generally less than that it is expected. Only less is understood about the significance of 5-mC in gene regulation under P-starvation stress in plants. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of a pair of rice [Pusa-44 and its near-isogenic line (NIL)-23 harboring Pup1 QTL] genotypes, we could decipher the role of Pup1 on DNA (de)methylation-mediated regulation of gene expression under P-starvation stress. We observed 13-15% of total cytosines to be methylated in the rice genome, which increased significantly under the stress. The number of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) for hypomethylation (6,068) was higher than those (5,279) for hypermethylated DMRs under the stress, particularly in root of NIL-23. Hypomethylation in CHH context caused upregulated expression of 489 genes in shoot and 382 genes in root of NIL-23 under the stress, wherein 387 genes in shoot and 240 genes in root were upregulated exclusively in NIL-23. Many of the genes for DNA methylation, a few for DNA demethylation, and RNA-directed DNA methylation were upregulated in root of NIL-23 under the stress. Methylation or demethylation of DNA in genic regions differentially affected gene expression. Correlation analysis for the distribution of DMRs and gene expression indicated the regulation of gene mainly through (de)methylation of promoter. Many of the P-responsive genes were hypomethylated or upregulated in roots of NIL-23 under the stress. Hypermethylation of gene body in CG, CHG, and CHH contexts caused up- or downregulated expression of transcription factors (TFs), P transporters, phosphoesterases, retrotransposon proteins, and other proteins. Our integrated transcriptome and methylome analyses revealed an important role of the Pup1 QTL in epigenetic regulation of the genes for transporters, TFs, phosphatases, carbohydrate metabolism, hormone-signaling, and chromatin architecture or epigenetic modifications in P-starvation tolerance. This provides insights into the molecular function of Pup1 in modulating gene expression through DNA (de)methylation, which might be useful in improving P-use efficiency or productivity of rice in P-deficient soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Suresh Kumar ; ; orcid.org/0000-0002-7127-3079
| | - Karishma Seem
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - K. K. Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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29
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Simoni EB, Oliveira CC, Fraga OT, Reis PAB, Fontes EPB. Cell Death Signaling From Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Plant-Specific and Conserved Features. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:835738. [PMID: 35185996 PMCID: PMC8850647 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.835738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is triggered by any condition that disrupts protein folding and promotes the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the lumen of the organelle. In eukaryotic cells, the evolutionarily conserved unfolded protein response is activated to clear unfolded proteins and restore ER homeostasis. The recovery from ER stress is accomplished by decreasing protein translation and loading into the organelle, increasing the ER protein processing capacity and ER-associated protein degradation activity. However, if the ER stress persists and cannot be reversed, the chronically prolonged stress leads to cellular dysfunction that activates cell death signaling as an ultimate attempt to survive. Accumulating evidence implicates ER stress-induced cell death signaling pathways as significant contributors for stress adaptation in plants, making modulators of ER stress pathways potentially attractive targets for stress tolerance engineering. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding plant-specific molecular mechanisms that elicit cell death signaling from ER stress. We also highlight the conserved features of ER stress-induced cell death signaling in plants shared by eukaryotic cells.
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Ding H, Qian L, Jiang H, Ji Y, Fang Y, Sheng J, Xu X, Ge C. Overexpression of a Bcl-2-associated athanogene SlBAG9 negatively regulates high-temperature response in tomato. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:695-705. [PMID: 34822834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) gene is a multi-functional family of co-chaperones regulator, modulating plant stress response. Our previous study revealed that the SlBAG9 of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) had the higher expression level induced by high-temperature (HT) at the transcriptional and protein levels, but its biological function was still unclear. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of SlBAG9. SlBAG9 protein was not located in the mitochondria but in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Many cis-acting elements involved in plant stress and hormone responses were located in the promoter regions of SlBAG9 including heat-shock element (HSE1). The β-glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical analysis showed that SlBAG9 promoter could drive GUS gene expression in transiently transformed Nicotiana tabacum leaves under non-inducing condition and HSE1 is critical for HT-induced GUS activity under HT. The transcription of SlBAG9 was expressed in different organs and was regulated by HT, cold, drought, and salt stresses as well as exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and H2O2. To further elucidate SlBAG9 function in response to HT, the transgenic tomato plants overexpressing SlBAG9 were developed. Compared to the wild-type plants, SlBAG9-overexpressing plants exhibited more sensitivity to HT stress, reflected by the burning symptoms, the degradation of chlorophyll, and the reduction of photosynthetic rates. Additionally, SlBAG9-overexpressing lines showed higher accumulation of lipid peroxidation production (MDA) and H2O2, but lower activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Therefore, it is speculated that SlBAG9 plays a negative role in thermotolerance probably by inhibition of antioxidant enzyme system leading to the oxidative damage, consequently aggravating the HT-caused injury phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Lu Qian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hailong Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yurong Ji
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yifang Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiarong Sheng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Cailin Ge
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Irfan M, Kumar P, Ahmad I, Datta A. Unraveling the role of tomato Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) proteins during abiotic stress response and fruit ripening. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21734. [PMID: 34741097 PMCID: PMC8571320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family proteins are evolutionary conserved across all eukaryotes. These proteins interact with HSP70/HSC70 and function as co-chaperones during stress response and developmental pathways. Compared to the animal counterpart, the BAG proteins in plants are much less studied and primarily Arabidopsis BAG proteins have been identified and characterized for their role in programmed cell death, homeostasis, growth and development, abiotic and biotic stress response. Here, we have identified BAG protein family (SlBAGs) in tomato, an economically important and a model fruit crop using genome-wide scanning. We have performed phylogenetic analysis, genes architecture assessment, chromosomal location and in silico promoter analysis. Our data suggest that SlBAGs show differential tissue specific expression pattern during plant development particularly fruit development and ripening. Furthermore, we reported that expression of SlBAGs is modulated during abiotic stresses and is regulated by stress hormones ABA and ethylene. In planta subcellular localization reveals their diverse subcellular localization, and many members are localized in nucleus and cytoplasm. Like previous reports, our protein-protein interaction network and yeast two-hybrid analysis uncover that SlBAGs interact with HSP70. The current study provides insights into role of SlBAGs in plant development particualry fruit ripening and abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Irfan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India. .,Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- grid.419632.b0000 0001 2217 5846National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India ,grid.444600.20000 0004 0500 5898Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- grid.419632.b0000 0001 2217 5846National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Asis Datta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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The Divergent Roles of the Rice bcl-2 Associated Athanogene (BAG) Genes in Plant Development and Environmental Responses. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102169. [PMID: 34685978 PMCID: PMC8538510 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG), a group of proteins evolutionarily conserved and functioned as co-chaperones in plants and animals, is involved in various cell activities and diverse physiological processes. However, the biological functions of this gene family in rice are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a total of six BAG members in rice. These genes were classified into two groups, OsBAG1, -2, -3, and -4 are in group I with a conserved ubiquitin-like structure and OsBAG5 and -6 are in group Ⅱ with a calmodulin-binding domain, in addition to a common BAG domain. The BAG genes exhibited diverse expression patterns, with OsBAG4 showing the highest expression level, followed by OsBAG1 and OsBAG3, and OsBAG6 preferentially expressed in the panicle, endosperm, and calli. The co-expression analysis and the hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that the OsBAG1 and OsBAG3 were co-expressed with primary cell wall-biosynthesizing genes, OsBAG4 was co-expressed with phytohormone and transcriptional factors, and OsBAG6 was co-expressed with disease and shock-associated genes. β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining further indicated that OsBAG3 is mainly involved in primary young tissues under both primary and secondary growth. In addition, the expression of the BAG genes under brown planthopper (BPH) feeding, N, P, and K deficiency, heat, drought and plant hormones treatments was investigated. Our results clearly showed that OsBAGs are multifunctional molecules as inferred by their protein structures, subcellular localizations, and expression profiles. BAGs in group I are mainly involved in plant development, whereas BAGs in group II are reactive in gene regulations and stress responses. Our results provide a solid basis for the further elucidation of the biological functions of plant BAG genes.
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Cappetta E, Andolfo G, Guadagno A, Di Matteo A, Barone A, Frusciante L, Ercolano MR. Tomato genomic prediction for good performance under high-temperature and identification of loci involved in thermotolerance response. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:212. [PMID: 34593775 PMCID: PMC8484564 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00647-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many studies showed that few degrees above tomato optimum growth temperature threshold can lead to serious loss in production. Therefore, the development of innovative strategies to obtain tomato cultivars with improved yield under high temperature conditions is a main goal both for basic genetic studies and breeding activities. In this paper, a F4 segregating population was phenotypically evaluated for quantitative and qualitative traits under heat stress conditions. Moreover, a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach has been employed for building up genomic selection (GS) models both for yield and soluble solid content (SCC). Several parameters, including training population size, composition and marker quality were tested to predict genotype performance under heat stress conditions. A good prediction accuracy for the two analyzed traits (0.729 for yield production and 0.715 for SCC) was obtained. The predicted models improved the genetic gain of selection in the next breeding cycles, suggesting that GS approach is a promising strategy to accelerate breeding for heat tolerance in tomato. Finally, the annotation of SNPs located in gene body regions combined with QTL analysis allowed the identification of five candidates putatively involved in high temperatures response, and the building up of a GS model based on calibrated panel of SNP markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cappetta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andolfo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Guadagno
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Matteo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Ercolano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
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Molecular mechanisms of mesocotyl elongation induced by brassinosteroid in maize under deep-seeding stress by RNA-sequencing, microstructure observation, and physiological metabolism. Genomics 2021; 113:3565-3581. [PMID: 34455034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deep-seeding is an important way to improve maize drought resistance, mesocotyl elongation can significantly enhance its seedling germination. To improve our understanding of transcription-mediated maize mesocotyl elongation under deep-seeding stress. RNA-sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both deep-seeding tolerant W64A and intolerant K12 mesocotyls following culture for 10 days after 2.0 mg·L-1 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) induced stress at the depths of 3 and 20 cm. Phenotypically, the mesocotyl length of both maize significantly increased under 20 cm stress and in the presence of EBR. Microstructure observations revealed that the mesocotyls underwent programmed cell death under deep-seeding stress, which was alleviated by EBR. This was found to be regulated by multiple DEGs encoding cysteine protease/senescence-specific cysteine protease, aspartic protease family protein, phospholipase D, etc. and transcription factors (TFs; MYB, NAC). Additionally, some DEGs associated with cell wall components, i.e., cellulose synthase/cellulose synthase like protein (CESA/CSL), fasciclin-like arabinogalactan (APG), leucine-rich repeat protein (LRR) and lignin biosynthesis enzymes including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, cinnamoyl CoA reductase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase, peroxiredoxin/peroxidase were found to control cell wall sclerosis. Moreover, in auxin, ethylene, brassinosteriod, cytokinin, zeatin, abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid signaling transduction pathways, the corresponding DEGs were activated/inhibited by TFs (ARF, BZR1/2, B-ARR, A-ARR, MYC2, ABF, TGA) and synthesis of phytohormones-related metabolites. These findings provide information on the molecular mechanisms controlling maize deep-seeding tolerance and will aid in the breeding of deep-seeding maize varieties.
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Regular football training down-regulates miR-1303 muscle expression in veterans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2903-2912. [PMID: 34212217 PMCID: PMC8416864 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Regular exercise affects the expression of several genes, proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) in time- and intensity-dependent manner promoting longevity. We previously identified from GeneChip Array analysis several differentially expressed genes and miRNAs in muscle from veteran football players (VPG) compared to active untrained elderly subjects (CG); here we focussed on miRNA-1303 (miR-1303). The aims of the present research were: to analyse the effects of football training on the expression of miR-1303 and to identify its putative target involved in the longevity pathways in skeletal muscle from VPG compared to CG. METHODS RNA samples from 12 VPG and 12 CG muscle biopsies were used to validate miR-1303 expression. Crossing four different bioinformatic algorithms, we identified 16 putative targets of miR-1303; from these, BAG-2, KLHL7 and KBTBD6 were chosen for further validation by Western blot analysis in LHCN-M2 human myoblasts transiently transfected with miR-1303. RESULTS Football training down-regulates miR-1303 expression in muscle from VPG compared to CG and the expression of BAG-2, a chaperon protein involved in the autophagy pathway, inversely correlated to overexpression of miR-1303 in a time-dependent manner, indicating that it is a miR-1303 potential target. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report, to our knowledge, describing miR-1303 regulation in skeletal muscle by football training and the identification of a target protein, BAG-2, involved in the autophagy pathway. This result contributes to the enlargement of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms linking football training, autophagy and longevity.
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Browne RG, Li SF, Iacuone S, Dolferus R, Parish RW. Differential responses of anthers of stress tolerant and sensitive wheat cultivars to high temperature stress. PLANTA 2021; 254:4. [PMID: 34131818 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomic analyses identified anther-expressed genes in wheat likely to contribute to heat tolerance and hence provide useful genetic markers. The genes included those involved in hormone biosynthesis, signal transduction, the heat shock response and anther development. Pollen development is particularly sensitive to high temperature heat stress. In wheat, heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive cultivars have been identified, although the underlying genetic causes for these differences are largely unknown. The effects of heat stress on the developing anthers of two heat-tolerant and two heat-sensitive wheat cultivars were examined in this study. Heat stress (35 °C) was found to disrupt pollen development in the two heat-sensitive wheat cultivars but had no visible effect on pollen or anther development in the two heat-tolerant cultivars. The sensitive anthers exhibited a range of developmental abnormalities including an increase in unfilled and clumped pollen grains, abnormal pollen walls and a decrease in pollen viability. This subsequently led to a greater reduction in grain yield in the sensitive cultivars following heat stress. Transcriptomic analyses of heat-stressed developing wheat anthers of the four cultivars identified a number of key genes which may contribute to heat stress tolerance during pollen development. Orthologs of some of these genes in Arabidopsis and rice are involved in regulation of the heat stress response and the synthesis of auxin, ethylene and gibberellin. These genes constitute candidate molecular markers for the breeding of heat-tolerant wheat lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Browne
- AgriBio, Centre for Agribioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Song F Li
- AgriBio, Centre for Agribioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Sylvana Iacuone
- AgriBio, Centre for Agribioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Polytechnic, Epping, VIC, Australia
| | - Rudy Dolferus
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Roger W Parish
- AgriBio, Centre for Agribioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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Arif M, Li Z, Luo Q, Li L, Shen Y, Men S. The BAG2 and BAG6 Genes Are Involved in Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerances in Arabidopsis Thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115856. [PMID: 34072612 PMCID: PMC8198428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The BAG proteins are a family of multi-functional co-chaperones. In plants, BAG proteins were found to play roles both in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. However, the function of Arabidopsis BAG2 remains largely unknown, whereas BAG6 is required for plants’ defense to pathogens, although it remains unknown whether BAG6 is involved in plants’ tolerance to abiotic stresses. Here, we show that both BAG2 and BAG6 are expressed in various tissues and are upregulated by salt, mannitol, and heat treatments and by stress-related hormones including ABA, ethylene, and SA. Germination of bag2, bag6 and bag2 bag6 seeds is less sensitive to ABA compared to the wild type (WT), whereas BAG2 and BAG6 overexpression lines are hypersensitive to ABA. bag2, bag6, and bag2 bag6 plants show higher survival rates than WT in drought treatment but display lower survival rates in heat-stress treatment. Consistently, these mutants showed differential expression of several stress- and ABA-related genes such as RD29A, RD29B, NCED3 and ABI4 compared to the WT. Furthermore, these mutants exhibit lower levels of ROS after drought and ABA treatment but higher ROS accumulation after heat treatment than the WT. These results suggest that BAG2 and BAG6 are negatively involved in drought stress but play a positive role in heat stress in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Zitong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Qiong Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Luhua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Yuequan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China;
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuzhen Men
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence:
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He M, Wang Y, Jahan MS, Liu W, Raziq A, Sun J, Shu S, Guo S. Characterization of SlBAG Genes from Solanum lycopersicum and Its Function in Response to Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050947. [PMID: 34068645 PMCID: PMC8151600 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family is a group of evolutionarily conserved cochaperones involved in diverse cellular functions. Here, ten putative SlBAG genes were identified in tomato. SlBAG2 and SlBAG5b have the same gene structure and conserved domains, along with highly similar identity to their homologs in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Triticum aestivum. The qPCR data showed that BAG2 and BAG5b were highly expressed in stems and flowers. Moreover, both genes were differentially expressed under diverse abiotic stimuli, including cold stress, heat stress, salt treatment, and UV irradiation, and treatments with phytohormones, namely, ABA, SA, MeJA, and ETH. Subcellular localization showed that SlBAG2 and SlBAG5b were located in the cell membrane and nucleus. To elucidate the functions in leaf senescence of BAG2 and BAG5b, the full-length CDSs of BAG2 and BAG5b were cloned, and transgenic tomatoes were developed. Compared with WT plants, those overexpressing BAG2 and BAG5b had significantly increased chlorophyll contents, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic rates but obviously decreased ROS levels, chlorophyll degradation and leaf senescence related gene expression under dark stress. Conclusively, overexpression SlBAG2 and SlBAG5b could improve the tolerance of tomato leaves to dark stress and delay leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming He
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Weikang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Abdul Raziq
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Jin Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.H.); (Y.W.); (M.S.J.); (W.L.); (A.R.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
- Correspondence:
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Ren K, Feng L, Sun S, Zhuang X. Plant Mitophagy in Comparison to Mammals: What Is Still Missing? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1236. [PMID: 33513816 PMCID: PMC7865480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis refers to the balance of mitochondrial number and quality in a cell. It is maintained by mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fusion/fission, and the clearance of unwanted/damaged mitochondria. Mitophagy represents a selective form of autophagy by sequestration of the potentially harmful mitochondrial materials into a double-membrane autophagosome, thus preventing the release of death inducers, which can trigger programmed cell death (PCD). Recent advances have also unveiled a close interconnection between mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics, as well as PCD in both mammalian and plant cells. In this review, we will summarize and discuss recent findings on the interplay between mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics, with a focus on the molecular evidence for mitophagy crosstalk with mitochondrial dynamics and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.R.); (L.F.); (S.S.)
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Figueiredo L, Santos RB, Figueiredo A. Defense and Offense Strategies: The Role of Aspartic Proteases in Plant-Pathogen Interactions. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:75. [PMID: 33494266 PMCID: PMC7909840 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant aspartic proteases (APs; E.C.3.4.23) are a group of proteolytic enzymes widely distributed among different species characterized by the conserved sequence Asp-Gly-Thr at the active site. With a broad spectrum of biological roles, plant APs are suggested to undergo functional specialization and to be crucial in developmental processes, such as in both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Over the last decade, an increasing number of publications highlighted the APs' involvement in plant defense responses against a diversity of stresses. In contrast, few studies regarding pathogen-secreted APs and AP inhibitors have been published so far. In this review, we provide a comprehensive picture of aspartic proteases from plant and pathogenic origins, focusing on their relevance and participation in defense and offense strategies in plant-pathogen interactions.
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Nguyen P, Hess K, Smulders L, Le D, Briseno C, Chavez CM, Nikolaidis N. Origin and Evolution of the Human Bcl2-Associated Athanogene-1 (BAG-1). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249701. [PMID: 33353252 PMCID: PMC7766421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones, particularly the 70-kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp70s), are key orchestrators of the cellular stress response. To perform their critical functions, Hsp70s require the presence of specific co-chaperones, which include nucleotide exchange factors containing the BCL2-associated athanogene (BAG) domain. BAG-1 is one of these proteins that function in a wide range of cellular processes, including apoptosis, protein refolding, and degradation, as well as tumorigenesis. However, the origin of BAG-1 proteins and their evolution between and within species are mostly uncharacterized. This report investigated the macro- and micro-evolution of BAG-1 using orthologous sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to elucidate the evolution and understand how natural variation affects the cellular stress response. We first collected and analyzed several BAG-1 sequences across animals, plants, and fungi; mapped intron positions and phases; reconstructed phylogeny; and analyzed protein characteristics. These data indicated that BAG-1 originated before the animals, plants, and fungi split, yet most extant fungal species have lost BAG-1. Furthermore, although BAG-1's structure has remained relatively conserved, kingdom-specific conserved differences exist at sites of known function, suggesting functional specialization within each kingdom. We then analyzed SNPs from the 1000 genomes database to determine the evolutionary patterns within humans. These analyses revealed that the SNP density is unequally distributed within the BAG1 gene, and the ratio of non-synonymous/synonymous SNPs is significantly higher than 1 in the BAG domain region, which is an indication of positive selection. To further explore this notion, we performed several biochemical assays and found that only one out of five mutations tested altered the major co-chaperone properties of BAG-1. These data collectively suggest that although the co-chaperone functions of BAG-1 are highly conserved and can probably tolerate several radical mutations, BAG-1 might have acquired specialized and potentially unexplored functions during the evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nguyen
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Kyle Hess
- Department of Genome Sciences, Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Larissa Smulders
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Dat Le
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Carolina Briseno
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Christina M. Chavez
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Nikolas Nikolaidis
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-657-278-4526
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Wang J, Nan N, Li N, Liu Y, Wang TJ, Hwang I, Liu B, Xu ZY. A DNA Methylation Reader-Chaperone Regulator-Transcription Factor Complex Activates OsHKT1;5 Expression during Salinity Stress. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:3535-3558. [PMID: 32938753 PMCID: PMC7610284 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Irrigated lands are increasingly salinized, which adversely affects agricultural productivity. To respond to high sodium (Na+) concentrations, plants harbor multiple Na+ transport systems. Rice (Oryza sativa) HIGH-AFFINITY POTASSIUM (K+) TRANSPORTER1;5 (OsHKT1;5), a Na+-selective transporter, maintains K+/Na+ homeostasis under salt stress. However, the mechanism regulating OsHKT1;5 expression remains unknown. Here, we present evidence that a protein complex consisting of rice BCL-2-ASSOCIATED ATHANOGENE4 (OsBAG4), OsMYB106, and OsSUVH7 regulates OsHKT1;5 expression in response to salt stress. We isolated a salt stress-sensitive mutant, osbag4-1, that showed significantly reduced OsHKT1;5 expression and reduced K+ and elevated Na+ levels in shoots. Using comparative interactomics, we isolated two OsBAG4-interacting proteins, OsMYB106 (a MYB transcription factor) and OsSUVH7 (a DNA methylation reader), that were crucial for OsHKT1;5 expression. OsMYB106 and OsSUVH7 bound to the MYB binding cis-element (MYBE) and the miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) upstream of the MYBE, respectively, in the OsHKT1;5 promoter. OsBAG4 functioned as a bridge between OsSUVH7 and OsMYB106 to facilitate OsMYB106 binding to the consensus MYBE in the OsHKT1;5 promoter, thereby activating the OsHKT1;5 expression. Elimination of the MITE or knockout of OsMYB106 or OsSUVH7 decreased OsHKT1;5 expression and increased salt sensitivity. Our findings reveal a transcriptional complex, consisting of a DNA methylation reader, a chaperone regulator, and a transcription factor, that collaboratively regulate OsHKT1;5 expression during salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Nan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
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Thanthrige N, Jain S, Bhowmik SD, Ferguson BJ, Kabbage M, Mundree S, Williams B. Centrality of BAGs in Plant PCD, Stress Responses, and Host Defense. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:1131-1140. [PMID: 32467063 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically regulated process for the selective demise of unwanted and damaged cells. Although our understanding of plant PCD pathways has advanced significantly, doubts remain on the extent of conservation of animal apoptosis in plants. At least at the primary sequence level, plants do not encode the regulators of animal apoptosis. Structural analyses have enabled the identification of the B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family of co-chaperones in plants. This discovery suggests that some aspects of animal PCD are conserved in plants, while the varied subcellular localization of plant BAGs indicates that they may have evolved distinct functions. Here we review plant BAG proteins, with an emphasis on their roles in the regulation of plant PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipuni Thanthrige
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Sachin Jain
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sudipta Das Bhowmik
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Brett J Ferguson
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mehdi Kabbage
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sagadevan Mundree
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Brett Williams
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
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Wang J, Yeckel G, Kandoth PK, Wasala L, Hussey RS, Davis EL, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG. Targeted suppression of soybean BAG6-induced cell death in yeast by soybean cyst nematode effectors. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2020; 21:1227-1239. [PMID: 32686295 PMCID: PMC7411569 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
While numerous effectors that suppress plant immunity have been identified from bacteria, fungi, and oomycete pathogens, relatively little is known for nematode effectors. Several dozen effectors have been reported from the soybean cyst nematode (SCN). Previous studies suggest that a hypersensitive response-like programmed cell death is triggered at nematode feeding sites in soybean during an incompatible interaction. However, virulent SCN populations overcome this incompatibility using unknown mechanisms. A soybean BAG6 (Bcl-2 associated anthanogene 6) gene previously reported by us to be highly up-regulated in degenerating feeding sites induced by SCN in a resistant soybean line was attenuated in response to a virulent SCN population. We show that GmBAG6-1 induces cell death in yeast like its Arabidopsis homolog AtBAG6 and also in soybean. This led us to hypothesize that virulent SCN may target GmBAG6-1 as part of their strategy to overcome soybean defence responses during infection. Thus, we used a yeast viability assay to screen SCN effector candidates for their ability to specifically suppress GmBAG6-1-induced cell death. We identified several effectors that strongly suppressed cell death mediated by GmBAG6-1. Two effectors identified as suppressors showed direct interaction with GmBAG6-1 in yeast, suggesting that one mechanism of cell death suppression may occur through an interaction with this host protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Wang
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
| | - Greg Yeckel
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
- Present address:
Corteva AgriscienceJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Pramod K. Kandoth
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
- Present address:
National Agri‐food Biotechnology InstituteMohaliIndia
| | - Lakmini Wasala
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Veterinary PathobiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
| | | | - Eric L. Davis
- Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Thomas J. Baum
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Melissa G. Mitchum
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
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45
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Ding H, Mo S, Qian Y, Yuan G, Wu X, Ge C. Integrated proteome and transcriptome analyses revealed key factors involved in tomato (
Solanum lycopersicum
) under high temperature stress. Food Energy Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Ding
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Shuangrong Mo
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Ying Qian
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Guibo Yuan
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Cailin Ge
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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Lecourieux D, Kappel C, Claverol S, Pieri P, Feil R, Lunn JE, Bonneu M, Wang L, Gomès E, Delrot S, Lecourieux F. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling underlines the stage- and time-dependent effects of high temperature on grape berry metabolism. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1132-1158. [PMID: 31829525 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate change scenarios predict an increase in mean air temperatures and in the frequency, intensity, and length of extreme temperature events in many wine-growing regions worldwide. Because elevated temperature has detrimental effects on berry growth and composition, it threatens the economic and environmental sustainability of wine production. Using Cabernet Sauvignon fruit-bearing cuttings, we investigated the effects of high temperature (HT) on grapevine berries through a label-free shotgun proteomic analysis coupled to a complementary metabolomic study. Among the 2,279 proteins identified, 592 differentially abundant proteins were found in berries exposed to HT. The gene ontology categories "stress," "protein," "secondary metabolism," and "cell wall" were predominantly altered under HT. High temperatures strongly impaired carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and the effects depended on the stage of development and duration of treatment. Transcript amounts correlated poorly with protein expression levels in HT berries, highlighting the value of proteomic studies in the context of heat stress. Furthermore, this work reveals that HT alters key proteins driving berry development and ripening. Finally, we provide a list of differentially abundant proteins that can be considered as potential markers for developing or selecting grape varieties that are better adapted to warmer climates or extreme heat waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lecourieux
- UMR1287 EGFV, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux University, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christian Kappel
- Institut of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stéphane Claverol
- Proteome Platform, Bordeaux Functional Genomic Center, Bordeaux University, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Pieri
- UMR1287 EGFV, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux University, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Marc Bonneu
- Proteome Platform, Bordeaux Functional Genomic Center, Bordeaux University, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lijun Wang
- Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Eric Gomès
- UMR1287 EGFV, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux University, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- UMR1287 EGFV, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux University, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Fatma Lecourieux
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux University, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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47
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Prator CA, Chooi KM, Jones D, Davy MW, MacDiarmid RM, Almeida RPP. Comparison of two different host plant genera responding to grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8505. [PMID: 32444786 PMCID: PMC7244584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is one of the most important viruses of grapevine but, despite this, there remain several gaps in our understanding of its biology. Because of its narrow host range - limited to Vitis species - and because the virus is restricted to the phloem, most GLRaV-3 research has concentrated on epidemiology and the development of detection assays. The recent discovery that GLRaV-3 can infect Nicotiana benthamiana, a plant model organism, makes new opportunities available for research in this field. We used RNA-seq to compare both V. vinifera and P1/HC-Pro N. benthamiana host responses to GLRaV-3 infection. Our analysis revealed that the majority of DEGs observed between the two hosts were unique although responses between the two hosts also showed several shared gene expression results. When comparing gene expression patterns that were shared between the two hosts, we observed the downregulation of genes associated with stress chaperones, and the induction of gene families involved in primary plant physiological processes. This is the first analysis of gene expression profiles beyond Vitis to mealybug-transmitted GLRaV-3 and demonstrates that N. benthamiana could serve as a useful tool for future studies of GLRaV-3-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A Prator
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kar Mun Chooi
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dan Jones
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marcus W Davy
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Te Puke, New Zealand
| | - Robin M MacDiarmid
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rodrigo P P Almeida
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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48
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Zheng Y, Zhan Q, Shi T, Liu J, Zhao K, Gao Y. The nuclear transporter SAD2 plays a role in calcium- and H 2 O 2 -mediated cell death in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:324-333. [PMID: 31565820 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In response to pathogens, plant cells exhibit a rapid increase in the intracellular calcium concentration and a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The cytosolic increase in Ca2+ and the accumulation of ROS are critical for inducing programmed cell death (PCD), but the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. We screened an Arabidopsis mutant, sad2-5, which harbours a T-DNA insertion in the 18th exon of the importin beta-like gene, SAD2. The H2 O2 -induced increase in the [Ca2+ ]cyt of the sad2-5 mutant was greater than that of the wild type, and the sad2-5 mutant showed clear cell death phenotypes and abnormal H2 O2 accumulation under fumonisin-B1 (FB1) treatment. CaCl2 could enhance the FB1-induced cell death of the sad2-5 mutant, whereas lanthanum chloride (LaCl3 ), a broad-spectrum calcium channel blocker, could restore the FB1-induced PCD phenotype of sad2-5. The sad2-5 fbr11-1 double mutant exhibited the same FB1-insensitive phenotype as fbr11-1, which plays a critical role in novo sphingolipid synthesis, indicating that SAD2 works downstream of FBR11. These results suggest the important role of nuclear transporters in calcium- and ROS-mediated PCD response as well as provide an important theoretical basis for further analysis of the molecular mechanism of SAD2 function in PCD and for improvement of the resistance of crops to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Qidi Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Tiantian Shi
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kaijun Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ying Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
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49
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Ma X, Tang X, Lin S, Gong Y, Tran NT, Zheng H, Ma H, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y, Li S. SpBAG1 promotes the WSSV infection by inhibiting apoptosis in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:852-860. [PMID: 31600594 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1 (BAG1) is involved in various signalling pathways including apoptosis, cell proliferation, gene transcriptional regulation and signal transduction in animals. However the functions of BAG1 during the antiviral response of mud crab Scylla paramamosain is still unclear. In this study, the mud crab BAG1 (SpBAG1) was characterized to consist of 1761 nucleotides, containing an opening frame of 630bp encoding 209 amino acids with an ubiquitin domain and a BAG1 domain. SpBAG1 was found to be significantly up-regulated at 6 h-24 h, but down-regulated from 48 h-72 h in the hemocytes of mud crab after challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). RNAi knock-down of SpBAG1 significantly reduced the copies of WSSV and increased the apoptotic rate in mud crabs. The finding from this study suggested that SpBAG1 could promote the WSSV infection by inhibiting apoptosis in mud crab. Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the role of SpBAG1 as a novel apoptosis inhibitor to promote virus infection in mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xixiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shanmeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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50
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Wierzbicki MP, Christie N, Pinard D, Mansfield SD, Mizrachi E, Myburg AA. A systems genetics analysis in Eucalyptus reveals coordination of metabolic pathways associated with xylan modification in wood-forming tissues. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1952-1972. [PMID: 31144333 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acetyl- and methylglucuronic acid decorations of xylan, the dominant hemicellulose in secondary cell walls (SCWs) of woody dicots, affect its interaction with cellulose and lignin to determine SCW structure and extractability. Genes and pathways involved in these modifications may be targets for genetic engineering; however, little is known about the regulation of xylan modifications in woody plants. To address this, we assessed genetic and gene expression variation associated with xylan modification in developing xylem of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla interspecific hybrids. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping identified potential regulatory polymorphisms affecting gene expression modules associated with xylan modification. We identified 14 putative xylan modification genes that are members of five expression modules sharing seven trans-eQTL hotspots. The xylan modification genes are prevalent in two expression modules. The first comprises nucleotide sugar interconversion pathways supplying the essential precursors for cellulose and xylan biosynthesis. The second contains genes responsible for phenylalanine biosynthesis and S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis required for glucuronic acid and monolignol methylation. Co-expression and co-regulation analyses also identified four metabolic sources of acetyl coenxyme A that appear to be transcriptionally coordinated with xylan modification. Our systems genetics analysis may provide new avenues for metabolic engineering to alter wood SCW biology for enhanced biomass processability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P Wierzbicki
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Genomics Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Nanette Christie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Genomics Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Desré Pinard
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Genomics Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Eshchar Mizrachi
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Genomics Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Alexander A Myburg
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Genomics Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
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