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Kim SJ, Cho NC, Hahn YI, Kim SH, Fang X, Surh YJ. STAT3 as a Potential Target for Tumor Suppressive Effects of 15-Deoxy-Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J 2 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. J Cancer Prev 2021; 26:207-217. [PMID: 34703823 PMCID: PMC8511581 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2021.26.3.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT3 plays a prominent role in proliferation and survival of tumor cells. Thus, STAT3 has been considered to be a prime target for development of anti-cancer therapeutics. The electrophilic cyclopentenone prostaglandin,15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) has been well recognized for its capability to modulate intracellular signaling pathways involved in cancer cell growth and progression. We previously reported that 15d-PGJ2 had potent cytotoxicity against harvey-ras transformed human mammary epithelial cells through direct interaction with STAT3. In this study, we have attempted to verify the inhibitory effects of 15d-PGJ2 on STAT3 signaling in human breast tumor cells. The triple negative breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 displaying constitutive phosphorylation of STAT3 on the tyrosine 705 (Tyr705) residue, underwent apoptosis upon inhibition of STAT3 by 15d-PGJ2. In contrast, estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells that do not exhibit elevated STAT3 phosphorylation were much less susceptible to 15d-PGJ2-induced apoptosis as assessed by PARP cleavage. Furthermore, 15d-PGJ2 inhibited interleukin-6-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 in LNCaP cells. According to molecular docking studies, 15d-PGJ2 may preferentially bind to the cysteine 259 residue (Cys259) present in the coiled-coil domain of STAT3. Site-directed mutagenesis of STAT3 identified Cys259 to be the critical amino acid for the 15d-PGJ2-induced apoptosis as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Taken together, these findings suggest STAT3 inactivation through direct chemical modification of its Cys259 as a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of triple negative breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jung Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Chul Cho
- Korea Chemical Bank, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Il Hahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xizhu Fang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Rühl M, Kühn B, Roos J, Maier TJ, Steinhilber D, Karas M. Elucidation of chemical modifier reactivity towards peptides and proteins and the analysis of specific fragmentation by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33 Suppl 1:40-49. [PMID: 29964304 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis of covalent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors is challenging due to unknown amino acid specificity and low posttranslational modification (PTM)-identification rates. The analysis of the amino-acid specificity and of the characteristic fragmentation of chemically modified peptides is considered to improve knowledge for the analysis of chemically modified peptides and proteins by MALDI-MS. METHODS Various compounds were used to investigate the modification of synthetic peptides carrying reactive amino acid residues. Mass spectra were recorded using a MALDI-LTQ Orbitrap XL for high-resolution mass spectrometry and ion trap MALDI-MS2 . UV-Vis-based reduction and radical scavenging analysis was conducted. The on-plate digestion method described by Rühl et al was utilized for modification-site analysis at 5-lipoxygenase. RESULTS The analysis of amino-acid-specific reactivity revealed the reactivity of quinones towards cysteine residues and the potential occurrence of a subsequent oxidative process was observed by an UV-Vis-based reduction assay. MALDI collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MS2 ) indicated a prominent fragmentation mechanism of modified cysteine and histidine residues. Fragmentation included highly abundant neutral-loss signals which could be used to identify new modifications induced by chemical modifiers at the cysteine-159 residue of 5-lipoxygenase. CONCLUSIONS Specificity and fragmentation analysis provides crucial information for the analysis of chemically modified cysteines and histidines by MALDI-MS. Elucidation of binding sites by MALDI-MS has been significantly improved using an easy-to-run peptide assay and gives background information for the analysis in the case of chemically modified 5-lipoxygenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rühl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kühn
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jessica Roos
- Clinic of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Thorsten J Maier
- Clinic of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Michael Karas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Liu H, Li W, Rose ME, Hickey RW, Chen J, Uechi GT, Balasubramani M, Day BW, Patel KV, Graham SH. The point mutation UCH-L1 C152A protects primary neurons against cyclopentenone prostaglandin-induced cytotoxicity: implications for post-ischemic neuronal injury. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1966. [PMID: 26539913 PMCID: PMC4670930 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (CyPGs), such as 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2), are reactive prostaglandin metabolites exerting a variety of biological effects. CyPGs are produced in ischemic brain and disrupt the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a brain-specific deubiquitinating enzyme that has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Using tandem mass spectrometry (MS) analyses, we found that the C152 site of UCH-L1 is adducted by CyPGs. Mutation of C152 to alanine (C152A) inhibited CyPG modification and conserved recombinant UCH-L1 protein hydrolase activity after 15dPGJ2 treatment. A knock-in (KI) mouse expressing the UCH-L1 C152A mutation was constructed with the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) technique. Brain expression and distribution of UCH-L1 in the KI mouse was similar to that of wild type (WT) as determined by western blotting. Primary cortical neurons derived from KI mice were resistant to 15dPGJ2 cytotoxicity compared with neurons from WT mice as detected by the WST-1 cell viability assay and caspase-3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. This protective effect was accompanied with significantly less ubiquitinated protein accumulation and aggregation as well as less UCH-L1 aggregation in C152A KI primary neurons after 15dPGJ2 treatment. Additionally, 15dPGJ2-induced axonal injury was also significantly attenuated in KI neurons as compared with WT. Taken together, these studies indicate that UCH-L1 function is important in hypoxic neuronal death, and the C152 site of UCH-L1 has a significant role in neuronal survival after hypoxic/ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - W Li
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M E Rose
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R W Hickey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - G T Uechi
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratories, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Balasubramani
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratories, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B W Day
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratories, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K V Patel
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S H Graham
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Kaikkonen S, Paakinaho V, Sutinen P, Levonen AL, Palvimo JJ. Prostaglandin 15d-PGJ(2) inhibits androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol 2012. [PMID: 23192983 DOI: 10.1210/me.2012-1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen signaling, in particular overexpression of the androgen receptor (AR), is critical for the growth and progression of prostate cancer. Because the AR is amenable to targeting by small-molecule inhibitors, it remains the major druggable target for the advanced disease. Inflammation has also been implicated in the cancerous growth in the prostate. Here we show that 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), an endogenously produced antiinflammatory prostaglandin, targets the AR and acts as a potent AR inhibitor, rapidly repressing AR target genes, such as FKBP51 and TMPRSS2 in prostate cancer cells. However, exposure of prostate cancer cells to 15d-PGJ(2) does not simply evoke a general inhibition of nuclear receptor activity or transcription because under the same conditions, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ is activated by 15d-PGJ(2). Moreover, 15d-PGJ(2) rapidly triggers modifications of AR by small ubiquitin-related modifier-2/3 (SUMO-2/3), which may modulate the repressing effect of 15d-PGJ(2) on AR-dependent transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicate that the inhibitory effect of 15d-PGJ(2) on FKBP51 and TMPRSS2 expression occurs in parallel with the inhibition of the AR binding to the regulatory regions of these genes. However, the DNA-binding activity is not the only AR function targeted by 15d-PGJ(2) because the prostaglandin also blunted the androgen-dependent interaction between the AR amino and carboxy termini. In conclusion, our results identify 15d-PGJ(2) as a potent and direct inhibitor of androgen signaling, suggesting novel possibilities in restricting the AR activity in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Kaikkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Garzón B, Oeste CL, Díez-Dacal B, Pérez-Sala D. Proteomic studies on protein modification by cyclopentenone prostaglandins: Expanding our view on electrophile actions. J Proteomics 2011; 74:2243-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zou C, Ellis BM, Smith RM, Chen BB, Zhao Y, Mallampalli RK. Acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase I (Lpcat1) catalyzes histone protein O-palmitoylation to regulate mRNA synthesis. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:28019-25. [PMID: 21685381 PMCID: PMC3151047 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.253385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (Lpcat1) is a critical cytosolic enzyme needed for lung surfactant synthesis that catalyzes an acyltransferase reaction by adding a palmitate to the sn-2 position of lysophospholipids. Here we report that histone H4 protein is subject to palmitoylation catalyzed by Lpcat1 in a calcium-regulated manner. Cytosolic Lpcat1 was observed to shift into the nucleus in lung epithelia in response to exogenous Ca(2+). Nuclear Lpcat1 colocalizes with and binds to histone H4, where it catalyzes histone H4 palmitoylation. Mutagenesis studies demonstrated that Ser(47) within histone H4 serves as a putative acceptor site, indicative of Lpcat1-mediated O-palmitoylation. Lpcat1 knockdown or expression of a histone H4 Ser(47A) mutant protein in cells decreased cellular mRNA synthesis. These findings provide the first evidence of a protein substrate for Lpcat1 and reveal that histone lipidation may occur through its O-palmitoylation as a novel post-translational modification. This epigenetic modification regulates global gene transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbin Zou
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Electrophilic eicosanoids: Signaling and targets. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 192:96-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Calmodulin antagonizes a calcium-activated SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit, FBXL2, to regulate surfactant homeostasis. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31:1905-20. [PMID: 21343341 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00723-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin is a universal calcium-sensing protein that has pleiotropic effects. Here we show that calmodulin inhibits a new SCF (Skp1-Cullin-F-box) E3 ligase component, FBXL2. During Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, SCF (FBXL2) targets the key enzyme, CCTα, for its monoubiquitination and degradation, thereby reducing synthesis of the indispensable membrane and surfactant component, phosphatidylcholine. P. aeruginosa triggers calcium influx and calcium-dependent activation of FBXL2 within the Golgi complex, where it engages CCTα. FBXL2 through its C terminus binds to the CCTα IQ motif. FBXL2 knockdown increases CCTα levels and phospholipid synthesis. The molecular interaction of FBXL2 with CCTα is opposed by calmodulin, which traffics to the Golgi complex, binds FBXL2 (residues 80 to 90) via its C terminus, and vies with the ligase for occupancy within the IQ motif. These observations were recapitulated in murine models of P. aeruginosa-induced surfactant deficiency, where calmodulin gene transfer reduced FBXL2 actions by stabilizing CCTα and lessening the severity of inflammatory lung injury. The results provide a unique model of calcium-regulated intermolecular competition between an E3 ligase subunit and an antagonist that is critically relevant to pneumonia and lipid homeostasis.
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Hilliard M, Frohnert C, Spillner C, Marcone S, Nath A, Lampe T, Fitzgerald DJ, Kehlenbach RH. The anti-inflammatory prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-PGJ2 inhibits CRM1-dependent nuclear protein export. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:22202-10. [PMID: 20457605 PMCID: PMC2903415 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.131821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling molecule 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) has been described as the "anti-inflammatory prostaglandin." Here we show that substrates of the nuclear export receptor CRM1 accumulate in the nucleus in the presence of 15d-PGJ(2), identifying this prostaglandin as a regulator of CRM1-dependent nuclear protein export that can be produced endogenously. Like leptomycin B (LMB), an established fungal CRM1-inhibitor, 15d-PGJ(2) reacts with a conserved cysteine residue in the CRM1 sequence. This covalent modification prevents the formation of nuclear export complexes. Cells that are transfected with mutant CRM1 (C528S) are resistant to the inhibitory effects of LMB and 15d-PGJ(2), demonstrating that the same single amino acid is targeted by the two compounds. Inhibition of the CRM1 pathway by endogenously produced prostaglandin and/or exogenously applied 15d-PGJ(2) may contribute to its anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-viral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hilliard
- From the UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland and
| | - Cornelia Frohnert
- the Department of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christiane Spillner
- the Department of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Simone Marcone
- From the UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland and
| | - Annegret Nath
- the Department of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tina Lampe
- the Department of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Ralph H. Kehlenbach
- the Department of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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