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Yurchenco PD, Kulczyk AW. Polymerizing Laminins in Development, Health and Disease. J Biol Chem 2024:107429. [PMID: 38825010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymerizing laminins are multi-domain basement membrane (BM) glycoproteins that self-assemble into cell-anchored planar lattices to establish the initial BM scaffold. Nidogens, collagen-IV and proteoglycans then bind to the scaffold at different domain loci to create a mature BM. The LN domains of adjacent laminins bind to each other to form a polymer node, while the LG domains attach to cytoskeletal-anchoring integrins and dystroglycan, as well as to sulfatides and heparan sulfates. The polymer node, the repeating unit of the polymer scaffold, is organized into a near-symmetrical triskelion. The structure, recently solved by cryo-electron microscopy in combination with AlphaFold2 modelling and biochemical studies, reveals how the LN surface residues interact with each other and how mutations cause failures of self-assembly in an emerging group of diseases, the LN-lamininopathies, that include LAMA2-related dystrophy and Pierson syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Yurchenco
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Arkadiusz W Kulczyk
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Zhao M, Taniguchi Y, Shimono C, Jonouchi T, Cheng Y, Shimizu Y, Nalbandian M, Yamamoto T, Nakagawa M, Sekiguchi K, Sakurai H. Heparan Sulfate Chain-Conjugated Laminin-E8 Fragments Advance Paraxial Mesodermal Differentiation Followed by High Myogenic Induction from hiPSCs. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308306. [PMID: 38685581 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have great therapeutic potential. The cell source differentiated from hiPSCs requires xeno-free and robust methods for lineage-specific differentiation. Here, a system is described for differentiating hiPSCs on new generation laminin fragments (NGLFs), a recombinant form of a laminin E8 fragment conjugated to the heparan sulfate chains (HS) attachment domain of perlecan. Using NGLFs, hiPSCs are highly promoted to direct differentiation into a paraxial mesoderm state with high-efficiency muscle lineage generation. HS conjugation to the C-terminus of Laminin E8 fragments brings fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) bound to the HS close to the cell surface of hiPSCs, thereby facilitating stronger FGF signaling pathways stimulation and initiating HOX gene expression, which triggers the paraxial mesoderm differentiation of hiPSCs. This highly efficient differentiation system can provide a roadmap for paraxial mesoderm development and an infinite source of myocytes and muscle stem cells for disease modeling and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yukimasa Taniguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chisei Shimono
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Jonouchi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yushen Cheng
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shimizu
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Minas Nalbandian
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masato Nakagawa
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Sakurai
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Zhao P, Yang F, Jia X, Xiao Y, Hua C, Xing M, Lyu G. Extracellular Matrices as Bioactive Materials for In Situ Tissue Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2771. [PMID: 38140112 PMCID: PMC10747903 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive materials based on a nature-derived extracellular matrix (NECM) represent a category of biomedical devices with versatile therapeutic applications in the realms of tissue repair and engineering. With advancements in decellularization technique, the inherent bioactive molecules and the innate nano-structural and mechanical properties are preserved in three-dimensional scaffolds mainly composed of collagens. Techniques such as electrospinning, three-dimensional printing, and the intricate fabrication of hydrogels are developed to mimic the physical structures, biosignalling and mechanical cues of ECM. Until now, there has been no approach that can fully account for the multifaceted properties and diverse applications of NECM. In this review, we introduce the main proteins composing NECMs and explicate the importance of them when used as therapeutic devices in tissue repair. Nano-structural features of NECM and their applications regarding tissue repair are summarized. The origins, degradability, and mechanical property of and immune responses to NECM are also introduced. Furthermore, we review their applications, and clinical features thereof, in the repair of acute and chronic wounds, abdominal hernia, breast deformity, etc. Some typical marketed devices based on NECM, their indications, and clinical relevance are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Burn & Trauma Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Wound Repair Technology, Jiangnan University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China; (F.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Fengbo Yang
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Wound Repair Technology, Jiangnan University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China; (F.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xiaoli Jia
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Wound Repair Technology, Jiangnan University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China; (F.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yuqin Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Wound Repair Technology, Jiangnan University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China; (F.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Chao Hua
- Burn & Trauma Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Guozhong Lyu
- Burn & Trauma Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Wound Repair Technology, Jiangnan University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China; (F.Y.); (Y.X.)
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Sugiyama-Nakagiri Y, Yamashita S, Taniguchi Y, Shimono C, Sekiguchi K. Laminin fragments conjugated with perlecan's growth factor-binding domain differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells into skin-derived precursor cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14556. [PMID: 37666868 PMCID: PMC10477235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deriving stem cells to regenerate full-thickness human skin is important for treating skin disorders without invasive surgical procedures. Our previous protocol to differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) as a source of dermal stem cells employs mouse fibroblasts as feeder cells and is therefore unsuitable for clinical use. Herein, we report a feeder-free method for differentiating iPSCs into SKPs by customising culture substrates. We immunohistochemically screened for laminins expressed in dermal papillae (DP) and explored the conditions for inducing the differentiation of iPSCs into SKPs on recombinant laminin E8 (LM-E8) fragments with or without conjugation to domain I of perlecan (PDI), which binds to growth factors through heparan sulphate chains. Several LM-E8 fragments, including those of LM111, 121, 332, 421, 511, and 521, supported iPSC differentiation into SKPs without PDI conjugation. However, the SKP yield was significantly enhanced on PDI-conjugated LM-E8 fragments. SKPs induced on PDI-conjugated LM111-E8 fragments retained the gene expression patterns characteristic of SKPs, as well as the ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and Schwann cells. Thus, PDI-conjugated LM-E8 fragments are promising agents for inducing iPSC differentiation into SKPs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiho Yamashita
- Kao Corporation, 2602, Akabane Ichikai-Machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Taniguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chisei Shimono
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Ruan J, McKee KK, Yurchenco PD, Yao Y. Exogenous laminin exhibits a unique vascular pattern in the brain via binding to dystroglycan and integrins. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:97. [PMID: 36463265 PMCID: PMC9719645 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike other proteins that exhibit a diffusion pattern after intracerebral injection, laminin displays a vascular pattern. It remains unclear if this unique vascular pattern is caused by laminin-receptor interaction or laminin self-assembly. METHODS We compared the distribution of various wild-type laminin isoforms in the brain after intracerebral injection. To determine what causes the unique vascular pattern of laminin in the brain, laminin mutants with impaired receptor-binding and/or self-assembly activities and function-blocking antibodies to laminin receptors were used. In addition, the dynamics of laminin distribution and elimination were examined at multiple time points after intracerebral injection. RESULTS We found that β2-containing laminins had higher affinity for the vessels compared to β1-containing laminins. In addition, laminin mutants lacking receptor-binding domains but not that lacking self-assembly capability showed substantially reduced vascular pattern. Consistent with this finding, dystroglycan (DAG1) function-blocking antibody significantly reduced the vascular pattern of wild-type laminin-111. Although failed to affect the vascular pattern when used alone, integrin-β1 function-blocking antibody further decreased the vascular pattern when combined with DAG1 antibody. EDTA, which impaired laminini-DAG1 interaction by chelating Ca2+, also attenuated the vascular pattern. Immunohistochemistry revealed that laminins were predominantly located in the perivascular space in capillaries and venules/veins but not arterioles/arteries. The time-course study showed that laminin mutants with impaired receptor-engaging activity were more efficiently eliminated from the brain compared to their wild-type counterparts. Concordantly, significantly higher levels of mutant laminins were detected in the cerebral-spinal fluid (CSF). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that intracerebrally injected laminins are enriched in the perivascular space in a receptor (DAG1/integrin)-dependent rather than self-assembly-dependent manner and eliminated from the brain mainly via the perivascular clearance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Ruan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 8, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Karen K McKee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers University-Robert W. Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Peter D Yurchenco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers University-Robert W. Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 8, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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Kubanov AA, Chikin VV, Karamova AE, Monchakovskaya ES. Junctional epidermolysis bullosa: genotype-phenotype correlations. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2022. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa most commonly results from mutations in theLAMA3, LAMB3, LAMC2, COL17A1, ITGA6 and ITGB4genes. Junctional epidermolysis bullosa is characterized by clinical heterogeneity. To date, scientific findings allow to evaluate correlations between the severity of clinical manifestations and genetic defects underlying in the development of the disease. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and RSCI, and keywords including junctional epidermolysis bullosa, laminin 332, collagen XVII, 64 integrin. The review includes description of clinical findings of junctional epidermolysis bullosa, mutation location and types, its impact on protein production and functions. To evaluate the impact of gene mutation on protein functions, this review explores the structure and functions of lamina lucida components, including laminin 332, collagen XVII and 64 integrin, which are frequently associated with the development of junctional epidermolysis bullosa. The correlation between severe types of junctional epidermolysis bullosa and mutations resulting in premature stop codon generation and complete absence of protein expression has been described. Although, genotype-phenotype correlations should be analyzed carefully due to mechanisms which enable to improve protein expression.
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Nakashima Y, Yoshida S, Tsukahara M. Semi-three-dimensional cultures using laminin 221 as a coating material for human induced pluripotent stem cells. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac060. [PMID: 36176714 PMCID: PMC9514851 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously believed that human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) did not show adhesion to the coating material Laminin 221, which is known to have specific affinity for cardiomyocytes. In this study, we report that human mononuclear cell-derived hiPSCs, established with Sendai virus vector, form peninsular-like colonies rather than embryonic stem cell-like colonies; these peninsular-like colonies can be passaged more than 10 times after establishment. Additionally, initialization-deficient cells with residual Sendai virus vector adhered to the coating material Laminin 511 but not to Laminin 221. Therefore, the expression of undifferentiated markers tended to be higher in hiPSCs established on Laminin 221 than on Laminin 511. On Laminin 221, hiPSCs15M66 showed a semi-floating colony morphology. The expression of various markers of cell polarity was significantly lower in hiPSCs cultured on Laminin 221 than in hiPSCs cultured on Laminin 511. Furthermore, 201B7 and 15M66 hiPSCs showed 3D cardiomyocyte differentiation on Laminin 221. Thus, the coating material Laminin 221 provides semi-floating culture conditions for the establishment, culture and induced differentiation of hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Nakashima
- Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation (CiRA Foundation), Facility for iPS Cell Therapy (FiT) , Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yoshida
- Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation (CiRA Foundation), Facility for iPS Cell Therapy (FiT) , Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsukahara
- Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation (CiRA Foundation), Facility for iPS Cell Therapy (FiT) , Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
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Adachi H, Morizane A, Torikoshi S, Raudzus F, Taniguchi Y, Miyamoto S, Sekiguchi K, Takahashi J. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:767-777. [PMID: 35605097 PMCID: PMC9299512 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Adachi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asuka Morizane
- Corresponding authors: Asuka Morizane, MD, PhD, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Center for Clinical Research and Innovation, 2-1-1, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650 0046, Japan, Tel: +81 78 302 4321; Fax: +81 78 302 7537;
| | - Sadaharu Torikoshi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fabian Raudzus
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Neuronal Signaling and Regeneration Unit, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical Education Center/International Education Section, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Center for Clinical Research and Innovation, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi, PhD (for chimeric laminin fragments), Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Tel: +81 6 6105 5935; Fax: +81 6 6105 5935; Email;
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Jun Takahashi, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Tel: +81 75 366 7052; Fax: +81 75 366 7071;
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Yoshiba N, Edanami N, Ohkura N, Maekawa T, Takahashi N, Tsuzuno T, Maeda T, Tabeta K, Izumi K, Noiri Y, Yoshiba K. Laminin Isoforms in Human Dental Pulp: Lymphatic Vessels Express Laminin-332, and Schwann Cell-Associated Laminin-211 Modulates CD163 Expression of M2-like Macrophages. Immunohorizons 2021; 5:1008-1020. [PMID: 34965967 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminin, a basement membrane heterotrimeric glycoprotein composed of α/β/γ subunits, has important tissue-specific functions in the control of cellular behavior. Our recent study showed the colocalization of CD163+ M2-like macrophages with Schwann cells in human dental pulp, leading us to hypothesize that the laminin isoform of Schwann cells is associated with CD163 expression. The present study investigated the distribution of laminin isoforms in human dental pulp and the underlying mechanisms that affect macrophage phenotypes. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that blood vessels were exclusively positive for laminin α4 and α5, whereas laminin α2 was associated with Schwann cells. Unexpectedly, laminin α3/laminin-332 (α3β3γ2) was detected on lymphatic vessels. In intact and carious teeth, CD163+ cells were associated with laminin α2, whereas CD206 single-positive cells were present inside, outside, and along blood vessels. In vitro incubation of THP-1 macrophages in plates coated with laminin-211/511 or its functionally analogous E8 fragments of α-chain (E8-α) indicated that cell shapes differed between macrophages grown on laminin-211/E8-α2 and macrophages grown on laminin-511/E8-α5. Laminin-211/E8-α2-coated plates upregulated CD163 expression, compared with laminin-511/E8-α5-coated plates. Integrin α3- and integrin α6-neutralizing Abs altered the shape of THP-1 macrophages and upregulated mRNA levels of CD206 and CD163 in macrophages grown on laminin-511; the neutralizing Abs did not affect macrophages grown on laminin-211. These findings suggest that laminin isoforms differentially regulate macrophage behavior via distinct integrin-laminin affinities. Of note, laminin-332 is expressed by pulpal lymphatic vessels, the existence of which has been debated; laminin-211 might have a role in maintaining CD163 expression on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagako Yoshiba
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoki Edanami
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoto Ohkura
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoki Maekawa
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuzuno
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeyasu Maeda
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenji Izumi
- Division of Biomimetics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; and
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Yoshiba
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Takagi R, Tanuma-Takahashi A, Akiyama S, Kaneko W, Miura C, Yamato M, Shimizu T, Umezawa A. Laminin-511-derived recombinant fragment and Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 facilitate serial cultivation of keratinocytes differentiated from human embryonic stem cells. Regen Ther 2021; 18:242-252. [PMID: 34409136 PMCID: PMC8342860 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keratinocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells have a short proliferative lifespan under conventional culture conditions that are optimized for keratinocytes. Recently, a Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, had been used as a standard supplement for culture medium in which the proliferative lifespan of postnatal keratinocytes was markedly expanded. In addition, recombinant human laminin-511 was demonstrated to be an adhesive ligand for promoting proliferation of cultured epidermal keratinocytes. Based on this knowledge, efficacies of Y-27632 and a laminin511-derived recombinant fragment, known as laminin-511 E8 fragment (LN-511-E8), were evaluated for establishing cultivation methods of keratinocyte differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). METHODS Differentiated cells from hESCs, which were established with clinical grade in previous study, were seeded onto culture dishes coated with LN-511-E8 and co-cultured with a mouse feeder layer in serum-free medium supplemented with Y-27632. Before serial cultivation, hESC-derived keratinocytes were separated from other differentiated cells by trypsinization. The isolated hESC-derived keratinocytes were used for evaluating clonogenicity, gene expression analysis for keratinocyte markers, potency of terminal differentiation by air-lifting culture, and long-term proliferation activity by serial cultivation. Moreover, efficacies of Y-27632, LN-511-E8, and mouse feeder layer were evaluated on proliferation of hESC-derived keratinocytes. RESULTS hESC-derived keratinocytes with activity of clonal growth were successfully isolated by trypsinization and exhibited potency of differentiation to form stratified epidermal equivalents with expressions of progenitor and differentiation markers of epidermal keratinocyte. Y-27632 and LN-511-E8 were required for maintaining the proliferative activity of the hESC-derived keratinocytes in serially cultivation using mouse feeder layer with stable doubling time during logarithmic growth phase. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate the utility of Y-27632 and LN-511-E8 for serial cultivation of hESC-derived keratinocytes, which have a potential for fabricating allogeneic cellular products in clinical situations for regeneration of stratified epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takagi
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Akiko Tanuma-Takahashi
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Saeko Akiyama
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Wakana Kaneko
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Chika Miura
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
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11
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Combined administration of laminin-221 and prostacyclin agonist enhances endogenous cardiac repair in an acute infarct rat heart. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22243. [PMID: 34782616 PMCID: PMC8593012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although endogenous cardiac repair by recruitment of stem cells may serve as a therapeutic approach to healing a damaged heart, how to effectively enhance the migration of stem cells to the damaged heart is unclear. Here, we examined whether the combined administration of prostacyclin agonist (ONO1301), a multiple-cytokine inducer, and stem cell niche laminin-221 (LM221), enhances regeneration through endogenous cardiac repair. We administered ONO1301- and LM221-immersed sheets, LM221-immersed sheets, ONO1301-immersed sheets, and PBS-immersed sheets (control) to an acute infarction rat model. Four weeks later, cardiac function, histology, and cytokine expression were analysed. The combined administration of LM221 and ONO1301 upregulated angiogenic and chemotactic factors in the myocardium after 4 weeks and enhanced the accumulation of ILB4 positive cells, SMA positive cells, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) and CD90 double-positive cells, leading to the generation of mature microvascular networks. Interstitial fibrosis reduced and functional recovery was prominent in LM221- and ONO1301-administrated hearts as compared with those in ONO1301-administrated or control hearts. LM221 and ONO1301 combination enhanced recruitment of PDGFRα and CD90 double-positive cells, maturation of vessels, and functional recovery in rat acute myocardial infarction hearts, highlighting a new promising acellular approach for the failed heart.
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12
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Aloui C, Hervé D, Marenne G, Savenier F, Le Guennec K, Bergametti F, Verdura E, Ludwig TE, Lebenberg J, Jabeur W, Morel H, Coste T, Demarquay G, Bachoumas P, Cogez J, Mathey G, Bernard E, Chabriat H, Génin E, Tournier-Lasserve E. End-Truncated LAMB1 Causes a Hippocampal Memory Defect and a Leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:962-975. [PMID: 34606115 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The majority of patients with a familial cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) referred for molecular screening do not show pathogenic variants in known genes. In this study, we aimed to identify novel CSVD causal genes. METHODS We performed a gene-based collapsing test of rare protein-truncating variants identified in exome data of 258 unrelated CSVD patients of an ethnically matched control cohort and of 2 publicly available large-scale databases, gnomAD and TOPMed. Western blotting was used to investigate the functional consequences of variants. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of mutated patients were characterized. RESULTS We showed that LAMB1 truncating variants escaping nonsense-mediated messenger RNA decay are strongly overrepresented in CSVD patients, reaching genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10-8 ). Using 2 antibodies recognizing the N- and C-terminal parts of LAMB1, we showed that truncated forms of LAMB1 are expressed in the endogenous fibroblasts of patients and trapped in the cytosol. These variants are associated with a novel phenotype characterized by the association of a hippocampal type episodic memory defect and a diffuse vascular leukoencephalopathy. INTERPRETATION These findings are important for diagnosis and clinical care, to avoid unnecessary and sometimes invasive investigations, and also from a mechanistic point of view to understand the role of extracellular matrix proteins in neuronal homeostasis. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:962-975.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaker Aloui
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Hervé
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires Rares du Cerveau et de l'Œil (CERVCO), Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Marenne
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, CHU Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Florian Savenier
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
| | - Kilan Le Guennec
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Edgard Verdura
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
| | - Thomas E Ludwig
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, CHU Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | | | - Waliyde Jabeur
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Morel
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Service de Génétique Moléculaire Neurovasculaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Thibault Coste
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Service de Génétique Moléculaire Neurovasculaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Demarquay
- Hôpital Neurologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team (Dycog), INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France
| | | | - Julien Cogez
- CHU Caen, Department of Neurology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | | | - Emilien Bernard
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,Institut NeuroMyoGène, INSERM-CNRS-UMR, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Hugues Chabriat
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires Rares du Cerveau et de l'Œil (CERVCO), Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Génin
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, CHU Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Service de Génétique Moléculaire Neurovasculaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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13
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Guo G, Stirparo GG, Strawbridge SE, Spindlow D, Yang J, Clarke J, Dattani A, Yanagida A, Li MA, Myers S, Özel BN, Nichols J, Smith A. Human naive epiblast cells possess unrestricted lineage potential. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1040-1056.e6. [PMID: 33831366 PMCID: PMC8189439 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Classic embryological experiments have established that the early mouse embryo develops via sequential lineage bifurcations. The first segregated lineage is the trophectoderm, essential for blastocyst formation. Mouse naive epiblast and derivative embryonic stem cells are restricted accordingly from producing trophectoderm. Here we show, in contrast, that human naive embryonic stem cells readily make blastocyst trophectoderm and descendant trophoblast cell types. Trophectoderm was induced rapidly and efficiently by inhibition of ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Nodal signaling. Transcriptome comparison with the human embryo substantiated direct formation of trophectoderm with subsequent differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, and downstream trophoblast stem cells. During pluripotency progression lineage potential switches from trophectoderm to amnion. Live-cell tracking revealed that epiblast cells in the human blastocyst are also able to produce trophectoderm. Thus, the paradigm of developmental specification coupled to lineage restriction does not apply to humans. Instead, epiblast plasticity and the potential for blastocyst regeneration are retained until implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Giuliano Giuseppe Stirparo
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Stanley E Strawbridge
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Daniel Spindlow
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Jian Yang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - James Clarke
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Anish Dattani
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Ayaka Yanagida
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Meng Amy Li
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Sam Myers
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Buse Nurten Özel
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Jennifer Nichols
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
| | - Austin Smith
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK; Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
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14
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Malijauskaite S, Connolly S, Newport D, McGourty K. Gradients in the in vivo intestinal stem cell compartment and their in vitro recapitulation in mimetic platforms. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 60:76-88. [PMID: 33858768 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal tissue, and specifically its mucosal layer, is a complex and gradient-rich environment. Gradients of soluble factor (BMP, Noggin, Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt), insoluble extracellular matrix proteins (laminins, collagens, fibronectin, and their cognate receptors), stromal stiffness, oxygenation, and sheer stress induced by luminal fluid flow at the crypt-villus axis controls and supports healthy intestinal tissue homeostasis. However, due to current technological challenges, very few of these features have so far been included in in vitro intestinal tissue mimetic platforms. In this review, the tightly defined and dynamic microenvironment of the intestinal tissue is presented in detail. Additionally, the authors introduce the current state-of-the-art intestinal tissue mimetic platforms, as well as the design drawbacks and challenges they face while attempting to capture the complexity of the intestinal tissue's physiology. Finally, the compositions of an "idealized" mimetic system is presented to guide future developmental efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigita Malijauskaite
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Sinead Connolly
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - David Newport
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Kieran McGourty
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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15
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Kikkawa Y, Hashimoto T, Takizawa K, Urae S, Masuda H, Matsunuma M, Yamada Y, Hamada K, Nomizu M, Liapis H, Hisano M, Akioka Y, Miura K, Hattori M, Miner JH, Harita Y. Laminin β2 variants associated with isolated nephropathy that impact matrix regulation. JCI Insight 2021; 6:145908. [PMID: 33749661 PMCID: PMC8026196 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.145908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LAMB2, encoding laminin β2, cause Pierson syndrome and occasionally milder nephropathy without extrarenal abnormalities. The most deleterious missense mutations that have been identified affect primarily the N-terminus of laminin β2. On the other hand, those associated with isolated nephropathy are distributed across the entire molecule, and variants in the β2 LEa-LF-LEb domains are exclusively found in cases with isolated nephropathy. Here we report the clinical features of mild isolated nephropathy associated with 3 LAMB2 variants in the LEa-LF-LEb domains (p.R469Q, p.G699R, and p.R1078C) and their biochemical characterization. Although Pierson syndrome missense mutations often inhibit laminin β2 secretion, the 3 recombinant variants were secreted as efficiently as WT. However, the β2 variants lost pH dependency for heparin binding, resulting in aberrant binding under physiologic conditions. This suggests that the binding of laminin β2 to negatively charged molecules is involved in glomerular basement membrane (GBM) permselectivity. Moreover, the excessive binding of the β2 variants to other laminins appears to lead to their increased deposition in the GBM. Laminin β2 also serves as a potentially novel cell-adhesive ligand for integrin α4β1. Our findings define biochemical functions of laminin β2 variants influencing glomerular filtration that may underlie the pathogenesis of isolated nephropathy caused by LAMB2 abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Kikkawa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taeko Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Takizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Urae
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Masuda
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Matsunuma
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hamada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Nomizu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Helen Liapis
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Masataka Hisano
- Department of Nephrology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Akioka
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoshi Hattori
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yutaka Harita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Motallebnejad P, Azarin SM. Chemically defined human vascular laminins for biologically relevant culture of hiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells. Fluids Barriers CNS 2020; 17:54. [PMID: 32912242 PMCID: PMC7488267 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-020-00215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into brain-specific microvascular endothelial cells (iBMECs) has frequently been used to model the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, there are limitations in the use of iBMECs for in vitro studies, such as transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) instability, weak junctional expression of VE-cadherin, and lack of proper fluid shear stress response. In vivo, the basement membrane (BM) composition of the BBB evolves throughout development, and laminins become the dominant component of the mature vascular BM. However, laminin isoforms of the endothelial BM have not been used for culture of differentiated iBMECs. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of different laminin isoforms of the endothelial BM on iBMEC functionality and to determine whether better recapitulation of the physiological BM in vitro can address the aforementioned limitations of iBMECs. METHODS Using a previously reported method, hiPSCs were differentiated into iBMECs. The influence of main laminins of the endothelial BM, LN 411 and LN 511, on iBMEC functionality was studied and compared to a collagen IV and fibronectin mixture (CN IV-FN). Quantitative RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and TEER measurement were utilized to assess gene and protein expression and barrier properties of iBMECs on different extracellular matrices. Single-channel microfluidic devices were used to study the effect of shear stress on iBMECs. RESULTS LN 511, but not LN 411, improved iBMEC barrier properties and resulted in more sustained TEER stability. Immunocytochemistry showed improved junctional protein expression compared to iBMECs cultured on CN IV-FN. iBMECs cultured on LN 511 showed a reduction of stress fibers, indicating resting endothelial phenotype, whereas gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of multiple genes involved in endothelial activation in iBMECs on CN IV-FN. Finally, culturing iBMECs on LN 511 enhanced physiological responses to shear stress, including morphological changes and enhanced junctional protein association. CONCLUSION LN 511 improves the functionality and long-term barrier stability of iBMECs. Our findings suggest that incorporation of physiologically relevant LN 511 in iBMEC culture would be beneficial for disease modeling applications and BBB-on-a-chip platforms that accommodate fluid flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Motallebnejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Samira M Azarin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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17
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Tsai HF, IJspeert C, Shen AQ. Voltage-gated ion channels mediate the electrotaxis of glioblastoma cells in a hybrid PMMA/PDMS microdevice. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:036102. [PMID: 32637857 PMCID: PMC7332302 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transformed astrocytes in the most aggressive form cause glioblastoma, the most common cancer in the central nervous system with high mortality. The physiological electric field by neuronal local field potentials and tissue polarity may guide the infiltration of glioblastoma cells through the electrotaxis process. However, microenvironments with multiplex gradients are difficult to create. In this work, we have developed a hybrid microfluidic platform to study glioblastoma electrotaxis in controlled microenvironments with high throughput quantitative analysis by machine learning-powered single cell tracking software. By equalizing the hydrostatic pressure difference between inlets and outlets of the microchannel, uniform single cells can be seeded reliably inside the microdevice. The electrotaxis of two glioblastoma models, T98G and U-251MG, requires an optimal laminin-containing extracellular matrix and exhibits opposite directional and electro-alignment tendencies. Calcium signaling is a key contributor in glioblastoma pathophysiology but its role in glioblastoma electrotaxis is still an open question. Anodal T98G electrotaxis and cathodal U-251MG electrotaxis require the presence of extracellular calcium cations. U-251MG electrotaxis is dependent on the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) and T98G is dependent on the R-type VGCC. U-251MG electrotaxis and T98G electrotaxis are also mediated by A-type (rapidly inactivating) voltage-gated potassium channels and acid-sensing sodium channels. The involvement of multiple ion channels suggests that the glioblastoma electrotaxis is complex and patient-specific ion channel expression can be critical to develop personalized therapeutics to fight against cancer metastasis. The hybrid microfluidic design and machine learning-powered single cell analysis provide a simple and flexible platform for quantitative investigation of complicated biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsieh-Fu Tsai
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Camilo IJspeert
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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18
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Samura T, Miyagawa S, Kawamura T, Fukushima S, Yokoyama JY, Takeda M, Harada A, Ohashi F, Sato-Nishiuchi R, Toyofuku T, Toda K, Sekiguchi K, Sawa Y. Laminin-221 Enhances Therapeutic Effects of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived 3-Dimensional Engineered Cardiac Tissue Transplantation in a Rat Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Model. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015841. [PMID: 32783519 PMCID: PMC7660810 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Extracellular matrix, especially laminin‐221, may play crucial roles in viability and survival of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS‐CMs) after in vivo transplant. Then, we hypothesized laminin‐221 may have an adjuvant effect on therapeutic efficacy by enhancing cell viability and survival after transplantation of 3‐dimensional engineered cardiac tissue (ECT) to a rat model of myocardial infarction. Methods and Results In vitro study indicates the impacts of laminin‐221 on hiPS‐CMs were analyzed on the basis of mechanical function, mitochondrial function, and tolerance to hypoxia. We constructed 3‐dimensional ECT containing hiPS‐CMs and fibrin gel conjugated with laminin‐221. Heart function and in vivo behavior were assessed after engraftment of 3‐dimensional ECT (laminin‐conjugated ECT, n=10; ECT, n=10; control, n=10) in a rat model of myocardial infarction. In vitro assessment indicated that laminin‐221 improves systolic velocity, diastolic velocity, and maximum capacity of oxidative metabolism of hiPS‐CMs. Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase production revealed that laminin‐221 improved tolerance to hypoxia. Furthermore, analysis of mRNA expression revealed that antiapoptotic genes were upregulated in the laminin group under hypoxic conditions. Left ventricular ejection fraction of the laminin‐conjugated ECT group was significantly better than that of other groups 4 weeks after transplantation. Laminin‐conjugated ECT transplantation was associated with significant improvements in expression levels of rat vascular endothelial growth factor. In early assessments, cell survival was also improved in laminin‐conjugated ECTs compared with ECT transplantation without laminin‐221. Conclusions In vitro laminin‐221 enhanced mechanical and metabolic function of hiPS‐CMs and improved the therapeutic impact of 3‐dimensional ECT in a rat ischemic cardiomyopathy model. These findings suggest that adjuvant laminin‐221 may provide a clinical benefit to hiPS‐CM constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Samura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Takuji Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Jun-Ya Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Maki Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Fumiya Ohashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Ryoko Sato-Nishiuchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Toshihiko Toyofuku
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Koichi Toda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
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Bera A, Lewis SM. Regulation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Alternative Translation Initiation Mechanisms and Its Implications for Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114075. [PMID: 32517298 PMCID: PMC7312463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation initiation plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression for development and disease conditions. During the processes of development and disease, cells select specific mRNAs to be translated by controlling the use of diverse translation initiation mechanisms. Cells often switch translation initiation from a cap-dependent to a cap-independent mechanism during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that plays an important role in both development and disease. EMT is involved in tumor metastasis because it leads to cancer cell migration and invasion, and is also associated with chemoresistance. In this review we will provide an overview of both the internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent and N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-mediated translation initiation mechanisms and discuss how cap-independent translation enables cells from primary epithelial tumors to achieve a motile mesenchymal-like phenotype, which in turn drives tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bera
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada;
| | - Stephen M. Lewis
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-506-869-2892
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20
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Takaya A, Yamamoto T, Tokoyoda K. Humoral Immunity vs. Salmonella. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3155. [PMID: 32038650 PMCID: PMC6985548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In primary infection with Salmonella, it has been reported—without consideration of Salmonella's functions—that humoral immunity plays no role in the clearance of bacteria. In fact, Salmonella targets and suppresses several aspects of humoral immunity, including B cell lymphopoiesis, B cell activation, and IgG production. In particular, the suppression of IgG-secreting plasma cell maintenance allows the persistence of Salmonella in tissues. Therefore, the critical role(s) of humoral immunity in the response to Salmonella infection, especially at the late phase, should be re-investigated. The suppression of IgG plasma cell memory strongly hinders vaccine development against non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) because Salmonella can also reduce humoral immune memory against other bacteria and viruses, obtained from previous vaccination or infection. We propose a new vaccine against Salmonella that would not impair humoral immunity, and which could also be used as a treatment for antibody-dependent autoimmune diseases to deplete pathogenic long-lived plasma cells, by utilizing the Salmonella's own suppression mechanism of humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Takaya
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamamoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Tokoyoda
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
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21
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Barros D, Amaral IF, Pêgo AP. Laminin-Inspired Cell-Instructive Microenvironments for Neural Stem Cells. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:276-293. [PMID: 31789020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laminin is a heterotrimeric glycoprotein with a key role in the formation and maintenance of the basement membrane architecture and properties, as well as on the modulation of several biological functions, including cell adhesion, migration, differentiation and matrix-mediated signaling. In the central nervous system (CNS), laminin is differentially expressed during development and homeostasis, with an impact on the modulation of cell function and fate. Within neurogenic niches, laminin is one of the most important and well described extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Specifically, efforts have been made to understand laminin assembly, domain architecture, and interaction of its different bioactive domains with cell surface receptors, soluble signaling molecules, and ECM proteins, to gain insight into the role of this ECM protein and its receptors on the modulation of neurogenesis, both in homeostasis and during repair. This is also expected to provide a rational basis for the design of biomaterial-based matrices mirroring the biological properties of the basement membrane of neural stem cell niches, for application in neural tissue repair and cell transplantation. This review provides a general overview of laminin structure and domain architecture, as well as the main biological functions mediated by this heterotrimeric glycoprotein. The expression and distribution of laminin in the CNS and, more specifically, its role within adult neural stem cell niches is summarized. Additionally, a detailed overview on the use of full-length laminin and laminin derived peptide/recombinant laminin fragments for the development of hydrogels for mimicking the neurogenic niche microenvironment is given. Finally, the main challenges associated with the development of laminin-inspired hydrogels and the hurdles to overcome for these to progress from bench to bedside are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Barros
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto (UPorto) , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal
| | - Isabel F Amaral
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto (UPorto) , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal
| | - Ana P Pêgo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto (UPorto) , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal.,FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia , UPorto , Porto 4200-153 , Portugal
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22
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Laminin-511 Supplementation Enhances Stem Cell Localization With Suppression in the Decline of Cardiac Function in Acute Infarct Rats. Transplantation 2019; 103:e119-e127. [PMID: 30730478 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix, in particular basement membrane components such as laminins (LMs), is essential for stem cell differentiation and self-renewal. LM511 and LM221 are the main extracellular matrix components of the epicardium, where stem cells were abundant. Here, we examined whether LMs affected the regeneration process by modulating stem cell activities. METHODS In vitro, adhesive, and proliferative activities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were evaluated on LM511 and LM221. To examine the effects of LMs in vivo, we established an acute myocardial infarction model by ligation of the proximal part of the left anterior descending artery at the height of the left atrial appendage and then placed atelocollagen sheets with or without LM511 and LM221 over the anterolateral surface of the left ventricular wall. Four or 8 weeks later, cardiac function, histology, and cytokine expressions were analyzed. RESULTS MSCs showed greater proliferation and adhesive properties on LM511 than on LM221. In vivo, at 4 weeks, isolectin B4-positive cells were significantly higher in the LM511-transplanted group than in the control group. Moreover, some isolectin B4-positive cells expressed both platelet-derived growth factor receptor α and CD90, suggesting that LM511 enhanced MSC recruitment and attachment at the implanted site. After 8 weeks, these cells were more abundant than at 4 weeks. Transplantation with LM511-conjugated sheets increased the expression of cardioprotective and angiogenic factors. CONCLUSIONS Transplantation with LM511-conjugated sheets enhanced MSC localization to the implantation site and modulated stem cells activities, leading to angiogenesis in acute myocardial infarction rat models.
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Bipartite mechanism for laminin-integrin interactions: Identification of the integrin-binding site in LG domains of the laminin α chain. Matrix Biol 2019; 87:66-76. [PMID: 31669520 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Laminins are major cell-adhesive proteins consisting of α, β, and γ chains, in which the three C-terminal globular domains of the α chain (LMα/LG1-3) and the C-terminal tail region of the γ1 chain (LMγ1-tail) are required for binding to integrin. Despite the recent progress on the role of LMγ1-tail in coordinating the metal ion-dependent adhesion site of the integrin β subunit, the mechanism by which LMα/LG1-3 interacts with integrin remains to be elucidated. We found that basic residues on the bottom face of LMα5/LG2 are required for binding laminin-511 to α6β1 integrin. Intermolecular cysteine scanning assays demonstrated that the basic residues in LMα5/LG2 were in contact with the acidic residues within the laminin-binding X1 region of the integrin α subunit in the laminin-integrin complex. These results indicate that LMα5/LG2 interacts directly with the integrin α subunit and comprises a bipartite integrin binding site of laminin-511 with the LMγ1-tail.
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24
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Characterization of dystroglycan binding in adhesion of human induced pluripotent stem cells to laminin-511 E8 fragment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13037. [PMID: 31506597 PMCID: PMC6737067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) grow indefinitely in culture and have the potential to regenerate various tissues. In the development of cell culture systems, a fragment of laminin-511 (LM511-E8) was found to improve the proliferation of stem cells. The adhesion of undifferentiated cells to LM511-E8 is mainly mediated through integrin α6β1. However, the involvement of non-integrin receptors remains unknown in stem cell culture using LM511-E8. Here, we show that dystroglycan (DG) is strongly expressed in hiPSCs. The fully glycosylated DG is functionally active for laminin binding, and although it has been suggested that LM511-E8 lacks DG binding sites, the fragment does weakly bind to DG. We further identified the DG binding sequence in LM511-E8, using synthetic peptides, of which, hE8A5-20 (human laminin α5 2688–2699: KTLPQLLAKLSI) derived from the laminin coiled-coil domain, exhibited DG binding affinity and cell adhesion activity. Deletion and mutation studies show that LLAKLSI is the active core sequence of hE8A5-20, and that, K2696 is a critical amino acid for DG binding. We further demonstrated that hiPSCs adhere to hE8A5-20-conjugated chitosan matrices. The amino acid sequence of DG binding peptides would be useful to design substrata for culture system of undifferentiated and differentiated stem cells.
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25
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Shibata S, Hayashi R, Okubo T, Kudo Y, Katayama T, Ishikawa Y, Toga J, Yagi E, Honma Y, Quantock AJ, Sekiguchi K, Nishida K. Selective Laminin-Directed Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Distinct Ocular Lineages. Cell Rep 2018; 25:1668-1679.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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26
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Has C, Nyström A, Saeidian AH, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Uitto J. Epidermolysis bullosa: Molecular pathology of connective tissue components in the cutaneous basement membrane zone. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:313-329. [PMID: 29627521 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a group of heritable skin fragility disorders, is characterized by blistering, erosions and chronic ulcers in the skin and mucous membranes. In some forms, the blistering phenotype is associated with extensive mutilating scarring and development of aggressive squamous cell carcinomas. The skin findings can be associated with extracutaneous manifestations in the ocular as well as gastrointestinal and vesico-urinary tracts. The phenotypic heterogeneity reflects the presence of mutations in as many as 20 different genes expressed in the cutaneous basement membrane zone, and the types and combinations of the mutations and their consequences at the mRNA and protein levels contribute to the spectrum of severity encountered in different subtypes of EB. This overview highlights the molecular genetics of EB based on mutations in the genes encoding type VII and XVII collagens as well as laminin-332. The mutations identified in these protein components of the extracellular matrix attest to their critical importance in providing stability to the cutaneous basement membrane zone, with implications for heritable and acquired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amir Hossein Saeidian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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27
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Kiyozumi D, Taniguchi Y, Nakano I, Toga J, Yagi E, Hasuwa H, Ikawa M, Sekiguchi K. Laminin γ1 C-terminal Glu to Gln mutation induces early postimplantation lethality. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800064. [PMID: 30456378 PMCID: PMC6238537 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryos with an ablated ability of integrins to bind laminins are still able to form basement membranes, but die just after implantation because of deficient extraembryonic development. Laminin–integrin interactions regulate various adhesion-dependent cellular processes. γ1C-Glu, the Glu residue in the laminin γ1 chain C-terminal tail, is crucial for the binding of γ1-laminins to several integrin isoforms. Here, we investigated the impact of γ1C Glu to Gln mutation on γ1-laminin binding to all possible integrin partners in vitro, and found that the mutation specifically ablated binding to α3, α6, and α7 integrins. To examine the physiological significance of γ1C-Glu, we generated a knock-in allele, Lamc1EQ, in which the γ1C Glu to Gln mutation was introduced. Although Lamc1EQ/EQ homozygotes developed into blastocysts and deposited laminins in their basement membranes, they died just after implantation because of disordered extraembryonic development. Given the impact of the Lamc1EQ allele on embryonic development, we developed a knock-in mouse strain enabling on-demand introduction of the γ1C Glu to Gln mutation by the Cre-loxP system. The present study has revealed a crucial role of γ1C-Glu–mediated integrin binding in postimplantation development and provides useful animal models for investigating the physiological roles of laminin–integrin interactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kiyozumi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Itsuko Nakano
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junko Toga
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Yagi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hasuwa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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28
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Uehara N, Kukita A, Kyumoto-Nakamura Y, Yamaza T, Yasuda H, Kukita T. Osteoblast-derived Laminin-332 is a novel negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis in bone microenvironments. J Transl Med 2017; 97:1235-1244. [PMID: 28581488 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin-332 (Lm-332), a major basement membrane protein, has been shown to provide a niche for some stem cells. Here, we found that Lm-332 was expressed in osteoblasts, and is implicated in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation. Immunofluorescence analysis of laminin-β3, a unique component of Lm-332, indicated specific expression of laminin-β3 in osteoblast-like cells localized on bone surface. RT-PCR analysis confirmed that α3, β3, and γ2 chains of Lm-332 were all expressed in primary osteoblasts prepared from mouse calvaria. Lm-332 markedly inhibited osteoclastogenesis induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) when bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were cultured on Lm-332-coated plates. Lm-332 also blocked RANKL-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (ERK, JNK, and p38) and expression of NFATc1, c-Fos, and c-Jun. Lm-332 suppressed osteoclast differentiation while retaining macrophage phenotypes, including nonspecific esterase activity and gene expression of lysozyme and EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 (Emr1). Furthermore, the treatment of primary osteoblasts with osteoclastogenic factors dramatically suppressed expression of Lm-332. These findings suggest that Lm-332 produced by osteoblasts in bone tissues has a pivotal role in controlling normal bone remodeling through suppressing osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Uehara
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Kukita
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yukari Kyumoto-Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisataka Yasuda
- Bioindustry Division, Oriental Yeast Company, Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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29
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Sato-Nishiuchi R, Li S, Ebisu F, Sekiguchi K. Recombinant laminin fragments endowed with collagen-binding activity: A tool for conferring laminin-like cell-adhesive activity to collagen matrices. Matrix Biol 2017; 65:75-90. [PMID: 28801205 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Laminins are major components of basement membranes that sustain a wide variety of stem cells. Among 15 laminin isoforms, laminin-511 and its E8 fragment (LM511E8) have been shown to strongly promote the adhesion and proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells. The aim of this study was to endow the cell-adhesive activity of laminin-511 on collagen matrices, thereby fabricating collagen-based culture scaffolds for stem cells with defined composition. To achieve this goal, we utilized the collagen-binding domain (CBD) of fibronectin to immobilize LM511E8 on collagen matrices. CBD was attached to the N-termini of individual laminin chains (α5E8, β1E8, γ1E8), producing LM511E8s having one, two, or three CBDs. While LM511E8 did not bind to collagen, CBD-attached LM511E8s (CBD-LM511E8s) exhibited significant collagen-binding activity, dependent on the number of attached CBDs. Human iPS cells were cultured on collagen-coated plates preloaded with CBD-LM511E8s. Although iPS cells did not attach or grow on collagen, they robustly proliferated on CBD-LM511E8-loaded collagen matrices, similar to the case with LM511E8-coated plates. Importantly, iPS cells proliferated and yielded round-shaped colonies even on collagen gels preloaded with CBD-LM511E8s. These results demonstrate that CBD-attached laminin E8 fragments are promising tools for fabrication of collagen-based matrices having the cell-adhesive activity of laminins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Sato-Nishiuchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shaoliang Li
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumi Ebisu
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Division of Research and Development, Matrixome Inc., Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Division of Matrixome Research and Application, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Division of Research and Development, Matrixome Inc., Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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30
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Tolomelli A, Galletti P, Baiula M, Giacomini D. Can Integrin Agonists Have Cards to Play against Cancer? A Literature Survey of Small Molecules Integrin Activators. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9070078. [PMID: 28678151 PMCID: PMC5532614 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9070078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of integrins to activate and integrate intracellular communication illustrates the potential of these receptors to serve as functional distribution hubs in a bi-directional signal transfer outside-in and inside-out of the cells. Tight regulation of the integrin signaling is paramount for normal physiological functions such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation, and misregulated integrin activity could be associated with several pathological conditions. Because of the important roles of integrins and their ligands in biological development, immune responses, leukocyte traffic, haemostasis, and cancer, their potential as therapeutic tools is now widely recognized. Nowadays extensive efforts have been made to discover and develop small molecule ligands as integrin antagonists, whereas less attention has been payed to agonists. In recent years, it has been recognized that integrin agonists could open up novel opportunities for therapeutics, which gain benefits to increase rather than decrease integrin-dependent adhesion and transductional events. For instance, a significant factor in chemo-resistance in melanoma is a loss of integrin-mediated adhesion; in this case, stimulation of integrin signaling by agonists significantly improved the response to chemotherapy. In this review, we overview results about small molecules which revealed an activating action on some integrins, especially those involved in cancer, and examine from a medicinal chemistry point of view, their structure and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tolomelli
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Paola Galletti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Monica Baiula
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daria Giacomini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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31
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Soh YQ, Peh GSL, Mehta JS. Translational issues for human corneal endothelial tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2425-2442. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiang Soh
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group; Singapore Eye Research Institute; Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
| | - Gary S. L. Peh
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group; Singapore Eye Research Institute; Singapore
- Ophthalmology Academic Clinical Programme; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S. Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group; Singapore Eye Research Institute; Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Ophthalmology Academic Clinical Programme; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
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32
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Takayama K, Mitani S, Nagamoto Y, Sakurai F, Tachibana M, Taniguchi Y, Sekiguchi K, Mizuguchi H. Laminin 411 and 511 promote the cholangiocyte differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:91-96. [PMID: 27103433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The drug discovery research for cholestatic liver diseases has been hampered by the lack of a well-established human cholangiocyte model. Functional cholangiocyte-like cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are expected to be a promising candidate for such research, but there remains no well-established method for differentiating cholangiocytes from human iPS cells. In this study, we searched for a suitable extracellular matrix to promote cholangiocyte differentiation from human iPS cells, and found that both laminin 411 and laminin 511 were suitable for this purpose. The gene expression levels of the cholangiocyte markers, aquaporin 1 (AQP1), SRY-box 9 (SOX9), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1), Jagged 1 (JAG1), secretin receptor (SCTR), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT1) were increased by using laminin 411 or laminin 511 as a matrix. In addition, the percentage of AQP1-positive cells was increased from 61.8% to 92.5% by using laminin 411 or laminin 511. Furthermore, the diameter and number of cysts consisted of cholangiocyte-like cells were increased when using either matrix. We believe that the human iPS cell-derived cholangiocyte-like cells, which were generated by using our differentiation technology, would be useful for the drug discovery research of cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Takayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; The Keihanshin Consortium for Fostering the Next Generation of Global Leaders in Research (K-CONNEX), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8302, Japan; Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Seiji Mitani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nagamoto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sakurai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Regulatory Sciences for Oligonucleotide Therapeutics, Clinical Drug Development Project, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masashi Tachibana
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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33
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Theocharis AD, Skandalis SS, Gialeli C, Karamanos NK. Extracellular matrix structure. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:4-27. [PMID: 26562801 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1290] [Impact Index Per Article: 161.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network composed of collagens, proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, laminins, and several other glycoproteins. Matrix components bind each other as well as cell adhesion receptors forming a complex network into which cells reside in all tissues and organs. Cell surface receptors transduce signals into cells from ECM, which regulate diverse cellular functions, such as survival, growth, migration, and differentiation, and are vital for maintaining normal homeostasis. ECM is a highly dynamic structural network that continuously undergoes remodeling mediated by several matrix-degrading enzymes during normal and pathological conditions. Deregulation of ECM composition and structure is associated with the development and progression of several pathologic conditions. This article emphasizes in the complex ECM structure as to provide a better understanding of its dynamic structural and functional multipotency. Where relevant, the implication of the various families of ECM macromolecules in health and disease is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Chrysostomi Gialeli
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece; Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine Malmö, Lund University, S-20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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Liu YB, Tewari A, Salameh J, Arystarkhova E, Hampton TG, Brashear A, Ozelius LJ, Khodakhah K, Sweadner KJ. A dystonia-like movement disorder with brain and spinal neuronal defects is caused by mutation of the mouse laminin β1 subunit, Lamb1. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26705335 PMCID: PMC4749547 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A new mutant mouse (lamb1t) exhibits intermittent dystonic hindlimb movements and postures when awake, and hyperextension when asleep. Experiments showed co-contraction of opposing muscle groups, and indicated that symptoms depended on the interaction of brain and spinal cord. SNP mapping and exome sequencing identified the dominant causative mutation in the Lamb1 gene. Laminins are extracellular matrix proteins, widely expressed but also known to be important in synapse structure and plasticity. In accordance, awake recording in the cerebellum detected abnormal output from a circuit of two Lamb1-expressing neurons, Purkinje cells and their deep cerebellar nucleus targets, during abnormal postures. We propose that dystonia-like symptoms result from lapses in descending inhibition, exposing excess activity in intrinsic spinal circuits that coordinate muscles. The mouse is a new model for testing how dysfunction in the CNS causes specific abnormal movements and postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Bessie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Ambika Tewari
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Johnny Salameh
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Elena Arystarkhova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Thomas G Hampton
- Neuroscience Discovery Core, Mouse Specifics Inc., Framingham, United States
| | - Allison Brashear
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Kamran Khodakhah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Kathleen J Sweadner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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Yamada M, Sekiguchi K. Molecular Basis of Laminin-Integrin Interactions. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2015; 76:197-229. [PMID: 26610915 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Laminins are composed of three polypeptide chains, designated as α, β, and γ. The C-terminal region of laminin heterotrimers, containing coiled-coil regions, short tails, and laminin globular (LG) domains, is necessary and sufficient for binding to integrins, which are the major laminin receptor class. Laminin recognition by integrins critically requires the α chain LG domains and a glutamic acid residue of the γ chain at the third position from the C-terminus. Furthermore, the C-terminal region of the β chain contains a short amino acid sequence that modulates laminin affinity for integrins. Thus, all three of the laminin chains act cooperatively to facilitate integrin binding. Mammals possess 5 α (α1-5), 3 β (β1-3), and 3 γ (γ1-3) chains, combinations of which give rise to 16 distinct laminin isoforms. Each isoform is expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner, exerting its functions through binding of integrins. In this review, we detail the current knowledge surrounding the molecular basis and physiological relevance of specific interactions between laminins and integrins, and describe the mechanisms underlying laminin action through integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yamada
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Tong X, He S, Chen J, Hu H, Xiang Z, Lu C, Dai F. A novel laminin β gene BmLanB1-w regulates wing-specific cell adhesion in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26212529 PMCID: PMC4515764 DOI: 10.1038/srep12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminins are important basement membrane (BM) components with crucial roles in development. The numbers of laminin isoforms in various organisms are determined by the composition of the different α, β, and γ chains, and their coding genes, which are variable across spieces. In insects, only two α, one β, and one γ chains have been identified thus far. Here, we isolated a novel laminin β gene, BmLanB1-w, by positional cloning of the mutant (crayfish, cf) with blistered wings in silkworm. Gene structure analysis showed that a 2 bp deletion of the BmLanB1-w gene in the cf mutant caused a frame-shift in the open reading frame (ORF) and generated a premature stop codon. Knockdown of the BmLanB1-w gene produced individuals exhibiting blistered wings, indicating that this laminin gene was required for cell adhesion during wing development. We also identified laminin homologs in different species and showed that two copies of β laminin likely originated in Lepidoptera during evolution. Furthermore, phylogenetic and gene expression analyses of silkworm laminin genes revealed that the BmLanB1-w gene is newly evolved, and is required for wing-specific cell adhesion. This is the first report showing the tissue specific distribution and functional differentiation of β laminin in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Songzhen He
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Hai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Zhonghuai Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
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Iorio V, Troughton LD, Hamill KJ. Laminins: Roles and Utility in Wound Repair. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:250-263. [PMID: 25945287 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2014.0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Laminins are complex extracellular macromolecules that are major players in the control of a variety of core cell processes, including regulating rates of cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration. Laminins, and related extracellular matrix components, have essential roles in tissue homeostasis; however, during wound healing, the same proteins are critical players in re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. Understanding how these proteins influence cell behavior in these different conditions holds great potential in identifying new strategies to enhance normal wound closure or to treat chronic/nonhealing wounds. Recent Advances: Laminin-derived bioactive peptides and, more recently, laminin-peptide conjugated scaffolds, have been designed to improve tissue regeneration after injuries. These peptides have been shown to be effective in decreasing inflammation and granulation tissue, and in promoting re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and cell migration. Critical Issues: Although there is now a wealth of knowledge concerning laminin form and function, there are still areas of some controversy. These include the relative contribution of two laminin-based adhesive devices (focal contacts and hemidesmosomes) to the re-epithelialization process, the impact and implications of laminin proteolytic processing, and the importance of laminin polymer formation on cell behavior. In addition, the roles in wound healing of the laminin-related proteins, netrins, and LaNts are still to be fully defined. Future Directions: The future of laminin-based therapeutics potentially lies in the bioengineering of specific substrates to support laminin deposition for ex vivo expansion of autologous cells for graft formation and transplantation. Significant recent advances suggest that this goal is within sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Iorio
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lee D. Troughton
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J. Hamill
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Lam ATL, Li J, Chen AKL, Birch WR, Reuveny S, Oh SKW. Improved Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Attachment and Spreading on Xeno-Free Laminin-521-Coated Microcarriers Results in Efficient Growth in Agitated Cultures. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:242-57. [PMID: 26309800 PMCID: PMC4540119 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2015.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) are self-renewing cells having the potential of differentiation into the three lineages of somatic cells and thus can be medically used in diverse cellular therapies. One of the requirements for achieving these clinical applications is development of completely defined xeno-free systems for large-scale cell expansion and differentiation. Previously, we demonstrated that microcarriers (MCs) coated with mouse laminin-111 (LN111) and positively charged poly-l-lysine (PLL) critically enable the formation and evolution of cells/MC aggregates with high cell yields obtained under agitated conditions. In this article, we further improved the MC system into a defined xeno-free MC one in which the MCs are coated with recombinant human laminin-521 (LN521) alone without additional positive charge. The high binding affinity of the LN521 to cell integrins enables efficient initial HES-3 cell attachment (87%) and spreading (85%), which leads to generation of cells/MC aggregates (400 μm in size) and high cell yields (2.4–3.5×106 cells/mL) within 7 days in agitated plate and scalable spinner cultures. The universality of the system was demonstrated by propagation of an induced pluripotent cells line in this defined MC system. Long-term pluripotent (>90% expression Tra-1-60) cell expansion and maintenance of normal karyotype was demonstrated after 10 cell passages. Moreover, tri-lineage differentiation as well as directed differentiation into cardiomyocytes was achieved. The new LN521-based MC system offers a defined, xeno-free, GMP-compatible, and scalable bioprocessing platform for the production of hPSC with the quantity and quality compliant for clinical applications. Use of LN521 on MCs enabled a 34% savings in matrix and media costs over monolayer cultures to produce 108 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Tin-Lun Lam
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore , Singapore
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore , Singapore
| | - Allen Kuan-Liang Chen
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore , Singapore
| | - William R Birch
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore , Singapore
| | - Shaul Reuveny
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore , Singapore
| | - Steve Kah-Weng Oh
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore , Singapore
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Wang X, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Qin M. Novel ENAM and LAMB3 mutations in Chinese families with hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116514. [PMID: 25769099 PMCID: PMC4358960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta is a group of inherited diseases affecting the quality and quantity of dental enamel. To date, mutations in more than ten genes have been associated with non-syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). Among these, ENAM and LAMB3 mutations are known to be parts of the etiology of hypoplastic AI in human cases. When both alleles of LAMB3 are defective, it could cause junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), while with only one mutant allele in the C-terminus of LAMB3, it could result in severe hypoplastic AI without skin fragility. We enrolled three Chinese families with hypoplastic autosomal-dominant AI. Despite the diagnosis falling into the same type, the characteristics of their enamel hypoplasia were different. Screening of ENAM and LAMB3 genes was performed by direct sequencing of genomic DNA from blood samples. Disease-causing mutations were identified and perfectly segregated with the enamel defects in three families: a 19-bp insertion mutation in the exon 7 of ENAM (c.406_407insTCAAAAAAGCCGACCACAA, p.K136Ifs*16) in Family 1, a single-base deletion mutation in the exon 5 of ENAM (c. 139delA, p. M47Cfs*11) in Family 2, and a LAMB3 nonsense mutation in the last exon (c.3466C>T, p.Q1156X) in Family 3. Our results suggest that heterozygous mutations in ENAM and LAMB3 genes can cause hypoplastic AI with markedly different phenotypes in Chinese patients. And these findings extend the mutation spectrum of both genes and can be used for mutation screening of AI in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Man Qin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Miyazaki T, Kawase E. Efficient and scalable culture of single dissociated human pluripotent stem cells using recombinant E8 fragments of human laminin isoforms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 32:1C.18.1-1C.18.8. [PMID: 25640816 DOI: 10.1002/9780470151808.sc01c18s32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This unit describes a protocol for efficient expansion of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). A key feature of this method is subculture of hPSCs by single-cell dissociation passaging on substrates coated with recombinant E8 fragments of human laminin isoforms (LM-E8s). LM-E8s, provide superior adhesion over intact laminin isoforms and Matrigel. Single hPSCs seeded on LM-E8s show accelerated migration and rapid reconstruction of clusters, resulting in robust survival and proliferation. This protocol yields 200-fold more hPSCs than conventional subculture methods in 1 month of culture. Furthermore, this protocol can be easily adapted to most hPSC lines in combination with the use of various xeno-free, defined culture media, and large-scale expansion of hPSCs is easily achievable to facilitate the practical applications of hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamichi Miyazaki
- Department of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eihachiro Kawase
- Department of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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41
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Ishikawa T, Wondimu Z, Oikawa Y, Gentilcore G, Kiessling R, Egyhazi Brage S, Hansson J, Patarroyo M. Laminins 411 and 421 differentially promote tumor cell migration via α6β1 integrin and MCAM (CD146). Matrix Biol 2014; 38:69-83. [PMID: 24951930 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
α4-laminins, such as laminins 411 and 421, are mesenchymal laminins expressed by blood and lymphatic vessels and some tumor cells. Laminin-411 promotes migration of leukocytes and endothelial cells, but the effect of this laminin and laminin-421 on tumor cells is poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that laminin-411 and, to a greater extent, laminin-421 significantly promote migration of tumor cells originated from melanomas, gliomas and different carcinomas via α6β1 integrin. In solid-phase binding assays, both laminins similarly bound α6β1 integrin but only laminin-421, among several laminin isoforms, readily bound MCAM (CD146), a cell-surface adhesion molecule strongly associated with tumor progression. Accordingly, a function-blocking mAb to MCAM inhibited tumor cell migration on laminin-421 but not on laminins 411 or 521. In tumor tissues, melanoma cells co-expressed MCAM, laminin α4, β1, β2 and γ1 chains, and integrin α6 and β1 chains. The present data highlight the novel role of α4-laminins in tumor cell migration and identify laminin-421 as a primary ligand for MCAM and a putative mediator of tumor invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Ishikawa
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zenebech Wondimu
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuko Oikawa
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giusy Gentilcore
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rolf Kiessling
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Hansson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Patarroyo
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bull KR, Mason T, Rimmer AJ, Crockford TL, Silver KL, Bouriez-Jones T, Hough TA, Chaudhry S, Roberts ISD, Goodnow CC, Cornall RJ. Next-generation sequencing to dissect hereditary nephrotic syndrome in mice identifies a hypomorphic mutation in Lamb2 and models Pierson's syndrome. J Pathol 2014; 233:18-26. [PMID: 24293254 PMCID: PMC4241031 DOI: 10.1002/path.4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The study of mutations causing the steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children has greatly advanced our understanding of the kidney filtration barrier. In particular, these genetic variants have illuminated the roles of the podocyte, glomerular basement membrane and endothelial cell in glomerular filtration. However, in a significant number of familial and early onset cases, an underlying mutation cannot be identified, indicating that there are likely to be multiple unknown genes with roles in glomerular permeability. We now show how the combination of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis and next-generation sequencing could be used to identify the range of mutations affecting these pathways. Using this approach, we isolated a novel mouse strain with a viable nephrotic phenotype and used whole-genome sequencing to isolate a causative hypomorphic mutation in Lamb2. This discovery generated a model for one part of the spectrum of human Pierson’s syndrome and provides a powerful proof of principle for accelerating gene discovery and improving our understanding of inherited forms of renal disease. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Bull
- Nuffield Department of Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, UK
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Vallée A, Faga MG, Mussano F, Catalano F, Tolosano E, Carossa S, Altruda F, Martra G. Alumina-zirconia composites functionalized with laminin-1 and laminin-5 for dentistry: effect of protein adsorption on cellular response. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 114:284-93. [PMID: 24216619 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present paper describes a study on laminin interaction with the surface of two alumina-zirconia composites with different percentages of ZrO2, both with submicrometric grain size. As major molecules within the basement membrane (BM), laminins are important protein fragments for epithelial cell adhesion and migration. On the other hand, alumina-zirconia composites are very attractive materials for dental applications due to their esthetic and mechanical properties. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to study the adsorption of two types of laminin, laminin-1 (Ln-1) and laminin-5 (Ln-5), onto the ceramics surfaces. The in vitro cell response was determined by intracellular phosphorylation of major kinases. Ceramics samples functionalized with laminins showed better cellular activation than untreated specimens; furthermore, cellular activation was found to be greater for the composite with higher percentage in zirconia when functionalized with Ln-5, whereas the adsorption of Ln-1 resulted in a greater activation for the alumina-rich oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vallée
- Chemistry Department and NIS Excellence Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - M G Faga
- CNR-IMAMOTER, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - F Mussano
- Department of Surgery, Dental School, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - F Catalano
- Chemistry Department and NIS Excellence Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - E Tolosano
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - S Carossa
- Department of Surgery, Dental School, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - F Altruda
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - G Martra
- Chemistry Department and NIS Excellence Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Schaff M, Tang C, Maurer E, Bourdon C, Receveur N, Eckly A, Hechler B, Arnold C, de Arcangelis A, Nieswandt B, Denis CV, Lefebvre O, Georges-Labouesse E, Gachet C, Lanza F, Mangin PH. Integrin α6β1 is the main receptor for vascular laminins and plays a role in platelet adhesion, activation, and arterial thrombosis. Circulation 2013; 128:541-52. [PMID: 23797810 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.000799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminins are major components of basement membranes, well located to interact with platelets upon vascular injury. Laminin-111 (α1β1γ1) is known to support platelet adhesion but is absent from most blood vessels, which contain isoforms with the α2, α4, or α5 chain. Whether vascular laminins support platelet adhesion and activation and the significance of these interactions in hemostasis and thrombosis remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Using an in vitro flow assay, we show that laminin-411 (α4β1γ1), laminin-511 (α5β1γ1), and laminin-521 (α5β2γ1), but not laminin-211 (α2β1γ1), allow efficient platelet adhesion and activation across a wide range of arterial wall shear rates. Adhesion was critically dependent on integrin α6β1 and the glycoprotein Ib-IX complex, which binds to plasmatic von Willebrand factor adsorbed on laminins. Glycoprotein VI did not participate in the adhesive process but mediated platelet activation induced by α5-containing laminins. To address the significance of platelet/laminin interactions in vivo, we developed a platelet-specific knockout of integrin α6. Platelets from these mice failed to adhere to laminin-411, laminin-511, and laminin-521 but responded normally to a series of agonists. α6β1-Deficient mice presented a marked decrease in arterial thrombosis in 3 models of injury of the carotid, aorta, and mesenteric arterioles. The tail bleeding time and blood loss remained unaltered, indicating normal hemostasis. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals an unsuspected important contribution of laminins to thrombus formation in vivo and suggests that targeting their main receptor, integrin α6β1, could represent an alternative antithrombotic strategy with a potentially low bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Schaff
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S949, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
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Van Ry PM, Minogue P, Hodges BL, Burkin DJ. Laminin-111 improves muscle repair in a mouse model of merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:383-96. [PMID: 24009313 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (MDC1A) is a severe and fatal muscle-wasting disease with no cure. MDC1A patients and the dy(W-/-) mouse model exhibit severe muscle weakness, demyelinating neuropathy, failed muscle regeneration and premature death. We have recently shown that laminin-111, a form of laminin found in embryonic skeletal muscle, can substitute for the loss of laminin-211/221 and prevent muscle disease progression in the dy(W-/-) mouse model. What is unclear from these studies is whether laminin-111 can restore failed regeneration to laminin-α2-deficient muscle. To investigate the potential of laminin-111 protein therapy to improve muscle regeneration, laminin-111 or phosphate-buffered saline-treated laminin-α2-deficient muscle was damaged with cardiotoxin and muscle regeneration quantified. Our results show laminin-111 treatment promoted an increase in myofiber size and number, and an increased expression of α7β1 integrin, Pax7, myogenin and embryonic myosin heavy chain, indicating a restoration of the muscle regenerative program. Together, our results show laminin-111 restores muscle regeneration to laminin-α2-deficient muscle and further supports laminin-111 protein as a therapy for the treatment of MDC1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA and
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Conway RE, Joiner K, Patterson A, Bourgeois D, Rampp R, Hannah BC, McReynolds S, Elder JM, Gilfilen H, Shapiro LH. Prostate specific membrane antigen produces pro-angiogenic laminin peptides downstream of matrix metalloprotease-2. Angiogenesis 2013; 16:847-60. [PMID: 23775497 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-013-9360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a pro-angiogenic cell-surface protease that we previously demonstrated regulates blood vessel formation in a laminin and integrin β1-dependent manner. Here, we examine the principal mechanism of PSMA activation of integrin β1. We show that digesting laminin sequentially with recombinant matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) and PSMA generates small peptides that enhance endothelial cell adhesion and migration in vitro. We also provide evidence that these laminin peptides activate adhesion via integrin α6β1 and focal adhesion kinase. Using an in vivo Matrigel implant assay, we show that these MMP/PSMA-derived laminin peptides also increase angiogenesis in vivo. Together, our results reveal a novel mechanism of PSMA activation of angiogenesis by processing laminin downstream of MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Conway
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA,
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Laminin E8 fragments support efficient adhesion and expansion of dissociated human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2013; 3:1236. [PMID: 23212365 PMCID: PMC3535336 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have the potential to provide an infinite source of tissues for regenerative medicine. Although defined xeno-free media have been developed, culture conditions for reliable propagation of hESCs still require considerable improvement. Here we show that recombinant E8 fragments of laminin isoforms (LM-E8s), which are the minimum fragments conferring integrin-binding activity, promote greater adhesion of hESCs and hiPSCs than do Matrigel and intact laminin isoforms. Furthermore, LM-E8s sustain long-term self-renewal of hESCs and hiPSCs in defined xeno-free media with dissociated cell passaging. We successfully maintained three hESC and two hiPSC lines on LM-E8s in three defined media for 10 passages. hESCs maintained high level expression of pluripotency markers, had a normal karyotype after 30 passages and could differentiate into all three germ layers. This culture system allows robust proliferation of hESCs and hiPSCs for therapeutic applications.
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Wondimu Z, Omrani S, Ishikawa T, Javed F, Oikawa Y, Virtanen I, Juronen E, Ingerpuu S, Patarroyo M. A novel monoclonal antibody to human laminin α5 chain strongly inhibits integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration on laminins 511 and 521. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53648. [PMID: 23308268 PMCID: PMC3538678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminins, a large family of αβγ heterotrimeric proteins mainly found in basement membranes, are strong promoters of adhesion and migration of multiple cell types, such as tumor and immune cells, via several integrin receptors. Among laminin α (LMα) chains, α5 displays the widest tissue distribution in adult life and is synthesized by most cell types. Here, we have generated and characterized five novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the human LMα5 chain to further study the biological relevance of α5 laminins, such as laminins 511 (α5β1γ1) and 521 (α5β2γ1). As detected by ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation and Western blotting, each antibody displayed unique properties when compared to mAb 4C7, the prototype LMα5 antibody. Of greatest interest, mAb 8G9, but not any other antibody, strongly inhibited α3β1/α6β1 integrin-mediated adhesion and migration of glioma, melanoma, and carcinoma cells on laminin-511 and, together with mAb 4C7, on laminin-521. Accordingly, mAb 8G9 abolished the interaction of soluble α3β1 integrin with immobilized laminins 511 and 521. Binding of mAb 8G9 to laminin-511 was unaffected by the other mAbs to the LMα5 chain but largely hindered by mAb 4E10 to a LMβ1 chain epitope near the globular domain of laminin-511. Thus, mAb 8G9 defines a novel epitope localized at or near the integrin-binding globular domain of the LMα5 chain, which is essential for cell adhesion and migration, and identifies a potential therapeutic target in malignant and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenebech Wondimu
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Laminins are large molecular weight glycoproteins constituted by the assembly of three disulfide-linked polypeptides, the α, β and γ chains. The human genome encodes 11 genetically distinct laminin chains. Structurally, laminin chains differ by the number, size and organization of a few constitutive domains, endowing the various members of the laminin family with common and unique important functions. In particular, laminins are indispensable building blocks for cellular networks physically bridging the intracellular and extracellular compartments and relaying signals critical for cellular behavior, and for extracellular polymers determining the architecture and the physiology of basement membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Aumailley
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Domogatskaya
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; , ,
| | - Sergey Rodin
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; , ,
| | - Karl Tryggvason
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; , ,
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