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Guo J, Yang T, Zhang W, Yu K, Xu X, Li W, Song L, Gu X, Cao R, Cui S. Inhibition of CD44 suppresses the formation of fibrotic scar after spinal cord injury via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. iScience 2024; 27:108935. [PMID: 38323002 PMCID: PMC10846335 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic scar is one of the main impediments to axon regeneration following spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we found that CD44 was upregulated during the formation of fibrotic scar, and blocking CD44 by IM7 caused downregulation of fibrosis-related extracellular matrix proteins at both 2 and 12 weeks post-spinal cord injury. More Biotinylated dextran amine (BDA)-traced corticospinal tract axons crossed the scar area and extended into the distal region after IM7 administration. A recovery of motor and sensory function was observed based on Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) scores and tail-flick test. In vitro experiments revealed that inhibiting CD44 and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway decreased the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of fibroblasts induced by the inflammatory supernatant. Collectively, these findings highlight the critical role of CD44 and its downstream JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in fibrotic scar formation, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Guo
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Weizhong Zhang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Kaiming Yu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Xiong Xu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Weizhen Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Lili Song
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Rangjuan Cao
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Shusen Cui
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
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2
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Lian W, Zeng X, Li J, Zang Q, Liu Y, Lv H, Chen S, Huang S, Shen J, Tang L, Xu Y, Wu F, Zhang Q, Xu J. Single-cell sequencing reveals increased LAMB3-positive basal keratinocytes and ZNF90-positive fibroblasts in autologous cultured epithelium. Commun Biol 2024; 7:79. [PMID: 38200141 PMCID: PMC10781733 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Autologous cultured epithelium grafting (ACEG) presents a promising treatment for refractory vitiligo, yet concerns regarding infections and immunological reactions hinder its surgical use due to serum and feeder dependencies. Addressing this, we culture autologous epithelium under serum- and feeder-free (SFF) conditions, comparing its safety and efficacy with serum- and feeder-dependent (SFD) conditions in stable vitiligo patients, and we discover no significant differences in repigmentation between the SFF and SFD grafts. Single-cell RNA transcriptomics on SFF- and SFD-cultured epithelium alongside healthy skin reveal increased populations of LAMB3+ basal keratinocytes and ZNF90+ fibroblasts in the SFF sheets. Functional analyses showcase active cellular metabolism in LAMB3+ basal keratinocytes, vital in extracellular matrix homeostasis, while ZNF90+ fibroblasts demonstrate increased differentiation, essential in collagen formation for cell adhesion. Importantly, these cell populations in SFF sheets exhibit enhanced interactions with melanocytes compared to SFD sheets. Further, knockdown experiments of LAMB3 in keratinocytes and ZNF90 in fibroblasts lead to a downregulation in melanocyte ligand-receptor-related genes. Overall, SFF sheets demonstrate comparable efficacy to SFD sheets, offering superior safety. LAMB3+ basal keratinocytes and ZNF90+ fibroblasts act as potential drivers behind repigmentation in ACEG under SFF conditions. This study provides translational insights into ACEG repigmentation and potential therapeutic targets for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Lian
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanhao Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yating Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haozhen Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyi Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyan Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuyue Wu
- ReMed Regenerative Medicine Clinical Application Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China.
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Liu S, Jin R, Zheng G, Wang Y, Li Q, Jin F, Li Y, Li T, Mao N, Wei Z, Li G, Fan Y, Xu H, Li S, Yang F. Ac-SDKP promotes KIF3A-mediated β-catenin suppression through a ciliary mechanism to constrain silica-induced epithelial-myofibroblast transition. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115411. [PMID: 37651800 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 3 A (KIF3A) decrease have been reported in silicotic patients and rats. However, the detailed mechanisms of KIF3A in silicosis remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that KIF3A effectively blocked the expression of β-catenin and downstream myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A/serum response factor (SRF) signaling, thus inhibiting silica-induced epithelial-myofibroblast transition (EMyT). Moreover, KIF3A was identified as a downstream mediator of an antifibrotic tetrapeptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP). Knockdown of KIF3A expression reactivated β-catenin/myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A/serum response factor (SRF) signaling that was attenuated by Ac-SDKP in vitro. Collectively, our findings suggest that Ac-SDKP plays its anti-fibrosis role via KIF3A-mediated β-catenin suppression, at least in part, in both in vivo model of silicosis and in vitro model of EMyT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupeng Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ruotong Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Gaigai Zheng
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Fuyu Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Tian Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Na Mao
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Gengxu Li
- Clinical Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yuhang Fan
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China; Health Science Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029 Beijing, China.
| | - Fang Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
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Zhu L, Liu L, Wang A, Liu J, Huang X, Zan T. Positive feedback loops between fibroblasts and the mechanical environment contribute to dermal fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2023; 121:1-21. [PMID: 37164179 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dermal fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the dermis and affects millions of people worldwide and causes limited movement, disfigurement and psychological distress in patients. Fibroblast dysfunction of plays a central role in the pathogenesis of dermal fibrosis and is controlled by distinct factors. Recent studies support the hypothesis that fibroblasts can drive matrix deposition and stiffening, which in turn can exacerbate the functional dysregulation of fibroblasts. Ultimately, through a positive feedback loop, uncontrolled pathological fibrosis develops. This review aims to summarize the phenomenon and mechanism of the positive feedback loop in dermal fibrosis, and discuss potential therapeutic targets to help further elucidate the pathogenesis of dermal fibrosis and develop therapeutic strategies. In this review, fibroblast-derived compositional and structural changes in the ECM that lead to altered mechanical properties are briefly discussed. We focus on the mechanisms by which mechanical cues participate in dermal fibrosis progression. The mechanosensors discussed in the review include integrins, DDRs, proteoglycans, and mechanosensitive ion channels. The FAK, ERK, Akt, and Rho pathways, as well as transcription factors, including MRTF and YAP/TAZ, are also discussed. In addition, we describe stiffness-induced biological changes in the ECM on fibroblasts that contribute to the formation of a positive feedback loop. Finally, we discuss therapeutic strategies to treat the vicious cycle and present important suggestions for researchers conducting in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lechen Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aoli Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwen Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Li L, Liu C, Fu J, Wang Y, Yang D, Peng B, Liu X, Han X, Meng Y, Feng F, Hu X, Qi C, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Li P. CD44 targeted indirubin nanocrystal-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogel for the treatment of psoriasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 243:125239. [PMID: 37295696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in transdermal drug delivery for treating psoriasis, there are still unmet medical needs, hyaluronic acid (HA)-based topical formulations as nanocarriers, which can increase drug concentration in psoriatic skin through CD44-assisted targeting. Here, HA was utilized as a matrix for nanocrystal-based hydrogel (NC-gel) to deliver indirubin topically for psoriasis treatments. Indirubin nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared through wet media milling and were then mixed with HA to create indirubin NC/HA gels. A mouse model of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis and M5-induced keratinocyte proliferation were established. Then, the efficacy of indirubin delivery targeted at CD44, and anti-psoriatic efficacy using indirubin NC/HA gels (HA-NC-IR group) were evaluated. The HA hydrogel network embedding indirubin NCs enhanced cutaneous absorption of poorly water-soluble indirubin. The co-localization of CD44 and HA in psoriasis-like inflamed skin was highly elevated, suggesting that indirubin NC/HA gels specifically adhered to CD44, leading to an increase in indirubin accumulation in the skin. Additionally, indirubin NC/HA gels enhanced the anti-psoriatic effect of indirubin in both a mouse model and HaCaT cells stimulated with M5. The results indicate that NC/HA gels targeting overexpressed CD44 protein can improve the delivery of topical indirubin to psoriatic inflamed tissues. This suggests that a topical drug delivery system could be a viable approach for formulating multiple insoluble natural products to treat psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Danyang Yang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Bing Peng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xuyang Han
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yujiao Meng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Fang Feng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Cong Qi
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yazhuo Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau.
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China.
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6
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Shan Y, Zhao J, Zheng Y, Guo S, Schrodi SJ, He D. Understanding the function of the GABAergic system and its potential role in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1114350. [PMID: 36825000 PMCID: PMC9941139 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling chronic autoimmune disease. Multiple factors contribute to the complex pathological process of RA, in which an abnormal autoimmune response, high survival of inflammatory cells, and excessive release of inflammatory factors lead to a severe chronic inflammatory response. Clinical management of RA remains limited; therefore, exploring and discovering new mechanisms of action could enhance clinical benefits for patients with RA. Important bidirectional communication occurs between the brain and immune system in inflammatory diseases such as RA, and circulating immune complexes can cause neuroinflammatory responses in the brain. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system is a part of the nervous system that primarily comprises GABA, GABA-related receptors, and GABA transporter (GAT) systems. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that binds to GABA receptors in the presence of GATs to exert a variety of pathophysiological regulatory effects, with its predominant role being neural signaling. Nonetheless, the GABAergic system may also have immunomodulatory effects. GABA/GABA-A receptors may inhibit the progression of inflammation in RA and GATs may promote inflammation. GABA-B receptors may also act as susceptibility genes for RA, regulating the inflammatory response of RA via immune cells. Furthermore, the GABAergic system may modulate the abnormal pain response in RA patients. We also summarized the latest clinical applications of the GABAergic system and provided an outlook on its clinical application in RA. However, direct studies on the GABAergic system and RA are still lacking; therefore, we hope to provide potential therapeutic options and a theoretical basis for RA treatment by summarizing any potential associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shan
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Steven J. Schrodi, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Steven J. Schrodi, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Steven J. Schrodi, ; Dongyi He,
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7
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Wang Y, Mack JA, Hascall VC, Maytin EV. Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor-Mediated, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Signaling Drives Enhanced Myofibroblast Differentiation during Skin Wound Healing in Mice Lacking Hyaluronan Synthases 1 and 3. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1683-1698. [PMID: 36063901 PMCID: PMC9765314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Normal myofibroblast differentiation is critical for proper skin wound healing. Neoexpression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a marker for myofibroblast differentiation, is driven by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptor-mediated signaling. Hyaluronan and its three synthesizing enzymes, hyaluronan synthases (Has 1, 2, and 3), also participate in this process. Closure of skin wounds is significantly accelerated in Has1/3 double-knockout (Has1/3-null) mice. Herein, TGF-β activity and dermal collagen maturation were increased in Has1/3-null healing skin. Cultures of primary skin fibroblasts isolated from Has1/3-null mice had higher levels of TGF-β activity, α-SMA expression, and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase at Thr180/Tyr182, compared with wild-type fibroblasts. p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase was a necessary element in a noncanonical TGF-β receptor signaling pathway driving α-SMA expression in Has1/3-null fibroblasts. Myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF), a cofactor that binds to the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF), was also critical. Nuclear localization of MRTF was increased, and MRTF binding to SRF was enhanced in Has1/3-null fibroblasts. Inhibition of MRTF or SRF expression by RNA interference suppresses α-SMA expression at baseline and diminished its overexpression in Has1/3-null fibroblasts. Interestingly, total matrix metalloproteinase activity was increased in healing skin and fibroblasts from Has1/3-null mice, possibly explaining the increased TGF-β activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Judith A Mack
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Dermatology, Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Edward V Maytin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Dermatology, Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Chen H, Zheng T, Wu C, Wang J, Ye F, Cui M, Sun S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Dong Z. A Shape-Adaptive Gallic Acid Driven Multifunctional Adhesive Hydrogel Loaded with Scolopin2 for Wound Repair. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1422. [PMID: 36422552 PMCID: PMC9695609 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is one of the major challenges in the biomedical fields. The conventional single drug treatment has unsatisfactory efficacy, and the drug delivery effectiveness is restricted by the short retention on the wound. Herein, we develop a multifunctional adhesive hydrogel that can realize robust adhesion, transdermal delivery, and combination therapy for wound healing. Multifunctional hydrogels (CS-GA-S) are mixed with chitosan-gallic acid (CS-GA), sodium periodate, and centipede peptide-scolopin2, which slowly releases scolopin2 in the layer of the dermis. The released scolopin2 induces the pro-angiogenesis of skin wounds and enables excellent antibacterial effects. Separately, GA as a natural reactive-oxygen-species-scavenger promotes antioxidation, and further enables excellent antibacterial effects and wet tissue adhesion due to a Schiff base and Michael addition reaction for accelerating wound healing. Once adhered to the wound, the precursor solution becomes both a physically and covalently cross-linked network hydrogel, which has potential advantages for wound healing with ease of use, external environment-isolating, and minimal tissue damage. The therapeutic effects of CS-GA-S on wound healing are demonstrated with the full thickness cutaneous wounds of a mouse model. The significant improvement of wound healing is achieved for mice treated with CS-GA-S. This preparation reduces wound system exposure, prolongs local drug residence time, and improves efficacy. Accordingly, with the incorporation of scolopin2 into the shape-adaptive CS-GA hydrogel, the composite hydrogel possesses multi-functions of mechanical adhesion, drug therapy, and skin wound healing. Overall, such an injectable or sprayable hydrogel plays an effective role in emergency wound treatment with the advantage of convenience and portability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chenyang Wu
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Mengyao Cui
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Li
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
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9
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Ding Q, Wang GJ, Xue LF, Yue J, Xu YX, Fu ZZ, Xiao WL. p38MAPK silencing attenuates scar proliferation after cleft palate repair surgery in rats via MRTF-A/SRF pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113248. [PMID: 35690133 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scarring is the primary factor of maxilla growth restriction among people who have undergone cleft palate repair surgery. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) promotes fibrosis in a variety of organs. However, its role in post-surgery scarring on the hard palate has not been fully understood. This study is designed to investigate the role of p38MAPK in scar formation and maxilla growth of rats. We removed the mucosa on the hard palate of rats and applied the p38MAPK silencing adenovirus vector on it two weeks after surgery. Then the scarring tissue and maxilla growth were evaluated by histological and morphological examination. The effect of p38MAPK silencing on scarring-related genes in fibroblasts was also studied. We found that local injection of Ad-p38MAPK-1 in vivo effectively reduces the expression of p38MAPK and scarring-related proteins and weakens the impact of scarring on the width of the hard palate. Mechanistically, p38MAPK silencing inhibits the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) via mediating the production and nuclear localization of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) in fibroblasts. These results reveal a molecular pathway of scar formation involving p38MAPK/MRTF-A stimulation and support targeting p38MAPK as a potentially effective treatment for post-surgery scarring on the hard palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Gong-Jun Wang
- Department of Radiology Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Ling-Fa Xue
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Jin Yue
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yao-Xiang Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Fu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Wen-Lin Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
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10
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Yang Z, Li T, Xian J, Chen J, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Lin X, Lu H, Lin Y. SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin attenuates cardiac fibrosis and inflammation by reverting the HIF-2α signaling pathway in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22410. [PMID: 35713937 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200243r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excessive cardiac fibrosis and inflammation aberrantly contribute to the progressive pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Whether sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), as a new hypoglycemic drug, benefits ACM remains unclear. Cardiomyocyte-specific Dsg2 exon-11 knockout and wild-type (WT) littermate mice were used as the animal model of ACM and controls, respectively. Mice were administered by gavage with either SGLT2i dapagliflozin (DAPA, 1 mg/kg/day) or vehicle alone for 8 weeks. HL-1 cells were treated with DAPA to identify the molecular mechanism in vitro. All mice presented normal glucose homeostasis. DAPA not only significantly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, adverse remodeling, and ventricular dilation in ACM but also attenuated ACM-associated cardiac fibrofatty replacement, as demonstrated by the echocardiography and histopathological examination. The protein expressions of HIF-2α and HIF-1α were decreased and increased respectively in cardiac tissue of ACM, which were compromised after DAPA treatment. Additionally, NF-κB P65 and IκB phosphorylation, as well as fibrosis indicators (including TGF-β, α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III) were increased in ACM. However, these trends were markedly suppressed by DAPA treatment. Consistent with these results in vitro, DAPA alleviated the IκB phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 transcriptional activity in DSG2-knockdown HL-1 cells. Interestingly, the elective HIF-2α inhibitor PT2399 almost completely blunted the DAPA-mediated downregulation of indicators concerning cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. SGLT2i attenuated the ACM-associated cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodeling in a glucose-independent manner by suppressing cardiac fibrosis and inflammation via reverting the HIF-2α signaling pathway, suggesting that SGLT2i is a novel and available therapy for ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan University, Zhuhai, China.,The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tengling Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianzhong Xian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jia Chen
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiufang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hongyun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yubi Lin
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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11
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Zou F, Li Y, Zhang S, Zhang J. DP1 (Prostaglandin D 2 Receptor 1) Activation Protects Against Vascular Remodeling and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Transition to Myofibroblasts in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension in Mice. Hypertension 2022; 79:1203-1215. [PMID: 35354317 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype transition plays an essential role in vascular remodeling. PGD2 (Prostaglandin D2) is involved in cardiovascular inflammation. In this study, we aimed to investigates the role of DP1 (PGD2 receptor 1) on VSMC phenotype transition in vascular remodeling after Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion in mice. METHODS VSMC-specific DP1 knockout mice and DP1flox/flox mice were infused with Ang II for 28 days and systolic blood pressure was measured by noninvasive tail-cuff system. The arterial samples were applied to an unbiased proteome analysis. DP1f/f Myh11 (myosin heavy chain 11) CREERT2 R26mTmG/+ mice were generated for VSMC lineage tracing. Multiple genetic and pharmacological approaches were used to investigate DP1-mediated signaling in phenotypic transition of VSMCs in response to Ang II administration. RESULTS DP1 knockout promoted vascular media thickness and increased systolic blood pressure after Ang II infusion by impairing Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP)-1-mediated Rap-1 (Ras-related protein 1) activation. The DP1 agonist facilitated the interaction of myocardin-related transcription factor A and G-actin, which subsequently inhibited the VSMC transition to myofibroblasts through the suppression of RhoA (Ras homolog family member A)/ROCK-1 (Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1) activity. Moreover, Epac-1 overexpression by lentivirus blocked the progression of vascular fibrosis in DP1 deficient mice in response to Ang II infusion. CONCLUSIONS Our finding revealed a protective role of DP1 in VSMC switch to myofibroblasts by impairing the phosphorylation of MRTF (myocardin-related transcription factor)-A by ROCK-1 through Epac-1/Rap-1/RhoA pathway and thus inhibited the expression of collagen I, fibronectin, ED-A (extra domain A) fibronectin, and vinculin. Thus, DP1 activation has therapeutic potential for vascular fibrosis in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangdi Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (F.Z., Y.L., S.Z., J.Z.), Tianjin Medical University, China.,School of Pharmacy (F.Z.), Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (F.Z., Y.L., S.Z., J.Z.), Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (F.Z., Y.L., S.Z., J.Z.), Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (F.Z., Y.L., S.Z., J.Z.), Tianjin Medical University, China.,School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
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12
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Kong L, Ji H, Gan X, Cao S, Li Z, Jin Y. Knockdown of CD44 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells accompanied by downregulation of cathepsin S. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:154. [PMID: 35264209 PMCID: PMC8905747 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumour of mesenchymal origin. These tumours are characterised by rich vascularisation, therefore promoting rapid proliferation and facilitating metastasis. CD44 has been reported to be involved in OS, but its role and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the disease are not fully determined. METHODS In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of CD44 on the development of OS and further explored the molecular mechanisms. The expression of CD44, cathepsin S and MMP-9 was detected by Western blot (WB) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in different cell lines (MG63, U2OS OS and hFOB 1.19). To elucidate the role of CD44 in OS, MG63 and U2OS cells were treated with small interference RNA (siRNA) to knock down CD44, and the knockdown efficiency was validated with GFP and RT-qPCR. Furthermore, cell proliferation was assayed using Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays, and cell migration and invasion were assayed by transwell and wound-healing assays. RESULTS We found that CD44 expression in the MG63 and U2OS OS cell lines was markedly increased compared to that of the human osteoblast hFOB 1.19 cell line. Knockdown of CD44 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of MG63 and U2OS cells. Cathepsin S expression in the MG63 and U2OS OS cell lines was increased compared to that of the human osteoblast hFOB 1.19 cell line. When CD44 was knocked down, its expression level went down. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data reinforced the evidence that CD44 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells accompanied by altered expression of cathepsin S. These findings offer new clues for OS development and progression, suggesting CD44 as a potential therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 1 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Hairu Ji
- Pathology Teaching and Research Section, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xintian Gan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 1 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 1 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhehong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 1 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 1 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China.
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13
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Shang X, Yuan H, Dai L, Liu Y, He J, Chen H, Li H, Li X. Anti-Liver Fibrosis Activity and the Potential Mode of Action of Ruangan Granules: Integrated Network Pharmacology and Metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:754807. [PMID: 35115923 PMCID: PMC8805709 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.754807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruangan granules (RGGs) have been used to treat liver fibrosis with good clinical efficacy for many years. However, the potential mechanism of action of RGGs against liver fibrosis is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the quality and safety of this preparation and aimed to explore the anti-liver fibrosis activity and potential mode of action of RGGs using network pharmacology and metabolomics. The results showed that RGGs contained abundant ferulic acid, salvianolic acid B and paeoniflorin, and at the given contents and doses, RGGs were safe and presented anti-liver fibrosis activity. They presented anti-liver fibrosis activity by improving liver function (ALT and AST, p < 0.01) and pathology and decreasing fibrosis markers in the serum of rats caused by CCl4, including HA, LN, PC III, HYP, CoII-V, and α-SMA, and the oxidant stress and inflammatory response were also alleviated in a dose-dependent manner, especially for high-dose RGGs (p < 0.01). Further studies showed that RGGs inhibited the activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in rats induced by CCl4, regulated pyrimidine metabolism, improved oxidative stress and the inflammatory response by regulating mitochondrial morphology, and alleviated liver fibrosis. Luteolin, quercetin, morin and kaempferol were active compounds and presented the cytotoxicity toward to LX-02 cells. This study provides an overall view of the mechanism underlying the action of RGGs protecting against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Shang
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huixin Yuan
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixia Dai
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian He
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhui Li
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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14
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Wen X, Zhu M, Li Z, Li T, Xu X. Dual effects of bisphenol A on wound healing, involvement of estrogen receptor β. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113207. [PMID: 35051763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that can specifically induce estrogen receptor β (ERβ) expression, and the latter plays a crucial role during wound healing. However, no study has investigated the association between BPA exposure and skin regeneration. This study aimed to explore the impacts of BPA on wound repair using mice models. C57BL/6 mice were administrated with BPA in two different ways during the process of wound healing-dietary intake (5 and 50 mg/kg) and wound application (1 and 100 nM). Mice primary fibroblasts were exposed to BPA to verify the role of BPA on the function of fibroblasts. We also applied BPA in diabetic mice to evaluate its therapy value. BPA showed dual effects on wound healing, which were dependent on the application routes. Dietary intake of BPA delayed wound healing by suppressing ovarian estrogen secretion, whereas wound application of BPA accelerated skin regeneration via up-regulating wound localized ERβ expression. Highly expressed ERβ enhanced the function of fibroblasts and promoted the transformation from fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Impacts of BPA on wound healing were dismissed when ERβ was blocked. Moreover, wound application of BPA significantly accelerated wound repair in diabetic mice, but has no significant adverse effect on ovarian hormones levels. The current study indicates that although BPA disrupts the function of the endocrine system when administrated by diet, local application of BPA on wounds shows a superior role in promoting wound repair, and this may provide a novel approach for the therapy of pathologic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wen
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Man Zhu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China; The Second Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zehua Li
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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15
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Jin L, Yoon SJ, Lee DH, Pyun YC, Kim WY, Lee JH, Khang G, Chun HJ, Yang DH. Preparation of Foam Dressings Based on Gelatin, Hyaluronic Acid, and Carboxymethyl Chitosan Containing Fibroblast Growth Factor-7 for Dermal Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193279. [PMID: 34641097 PMCID: PMC8513034 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound recovery close to the function of the native skin is the goal of wound healing. In this study, we prepared foam dressings (FDs; 2-GHC-FD-1–9, 5-GHC-FD-1–9, and 10-GHC-FD-1–9) composed of various concentrations of gelatin, hyaluronic acid, and carboxymethyl chitosan, which are chemically interconnected through amide bond formation, for evaluating wound healing. Tensile and cell proliferation tests showed that 2-GHC-FD-1–9 are suitable for wound dressing. For further evaluation, three types of FDs, 2-GHC-FD-1, 2-GHC-FD-4, and 2-GHC-FD-8 were chosen. The results of animal intradermal reactivity, water vapor transmission rate, and absorption rate of the three FDs indicated that 2-GHC-FD-8 is the most appropriate scaffold for wound healing. For wound healing acceleration, various concentrations of fibroblast growth factor-7 (FGF-7) was soaked in 2-GHC-FD-8 (2-GHC-FD-8/F1-6) and evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy, cell proliferation, release behavior, and in vivo animal tests. The FDs showed interconnected porous structures, increased cell proliferation until 8.0 × 10−11 M, controlled release with initial burst within 1 h, and sustained release for 48 h. The results of the animal test showed an appropriate concentration of FGF-7 for wound healing. In addition, 2-GHC-FD-8 is a suitable scaffold for wound healing. Therefore, we suggest that 2-GHC-FD-8/F3 is a useful wound dressing for accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhao Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China;
| | - Sun-Jung Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Dae Hoon Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.C.P.); (W.Y.K.); (J.H.L.); (G.K.)
| | - Yun Chang Pyun
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.C.P.); (W.Y.K.); (J.H.L.); (G.K.)
| | - Woo Youp Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.C.P.); (W.Y.K.); (J.H.L.); (G.K.)
| | - Ju Hwa Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.C.P.); (W.Y.K.); (J.H.L.); (G.K.)
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.C.P.); (W.Y.K.); (J.H.L.); (G.K.)
| | - Heung Jae Chun
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-7497
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16
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Zhang Y, Lin X, Chu Y, Chen X, Du H, Zhang H, Xu C, Xie H, Ruan Q, Lin J, Liu J, Zeng J, Ma K, Chai D. Dapagliflozin: a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrotic remodeling by regulating TGFβ1/Smad signaling. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:121. [PMID: 34116674 PMCID: PMC8196449 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodeling is one of the major risk factors for heart failure. In patients with type 2 diabetes, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of the first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms in part, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to shed light on the efficacy of dapagliflozin in reducing cardiac remodeling and potential mechanisms. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, induced by chronic infusion of Angiotensin II (Ang II) at a dose of 520 ng/kg per minute for 4 weeks with ALZET® mini-osmotic pumps, were treated with either SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin (DAPA) or vehicle alone. Echocardiography was performed to determine cardiac structure and function. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were treated with Ang II (1 μM) with or without the indicated concentration (0.5, 1, 10 μM) of DAPA. The protein levels of collagen and TGF-β1/Smad signaling were measured along with body weight, and blood biochemical indexes. RESULTS DAPA pretreatment resulted in the amelioration of left ventricular dysfunction in Ang II-infused SD rats without affecting blood glucose and blood pressure. Myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and increased collagen synthesis caused by Ang II infusion were significantly inhibited by DAPA pretreatment. In vitro, DAPA inhibit the Ang II-induced collagen production of CFs. Immunoblot with heart tissue homogenates from chronic Ang II-infused rats revealed that DAPA inhibited the activation of TGF-β1/Smads signaling. CONCLUSION DAPA ameliorates Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling in a non-glucose-lowering dependent manner.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Antifibrotic Agents/pharmacology
- Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/chemically induced
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Smad Proteins/metabolism
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/chemically induced
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/prevention & control
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Echocardiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yong Chu
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Hypertension, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Heng Du
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Changsheng Xu
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Qinyun Ruan
- Echocardiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Jinxiu Lin
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmacy College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jinzhang Zeng
- School of Pharmacy College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Dajun Chai
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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17
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Wang J, Wang J, Gu Q, Yang Y, Ma Y, Zhang Q. TGFβ1: An Indicator for Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Colon Cancer From a Comprehensive Analysis of TCGA. Front Genet 2021; 12:612011. [PMID: 33995472 PMCID: PMC8115728 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.612011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) greatly participate in the genesis and development of colon cancer (CC). However, there is little research exploring the dynamic modulation of TME. Methods We analyzed the proportion of immune/stromal component and TICs in the TME of 473 CC samples and 41 normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database through ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. Correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between immune/stromal component in the TME and clinicopathological characteristics of CC patients. The difference analysis was performed to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs were further analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, PPI network, and COX regression analysis. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) was finally overlapped from the above analysis. Paired analysis and GSEA were carried out to understand the role of TGFβ1 in colon cancer. The intersection between the difference analysis and correlation analysis was conducted to learn the association between TGFβ1 and TICs. Results Our results showed that the immune component in the TME was negatively related with the stages of CC. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that 1,110 DEGs obtained from the difference analysis were mainly enriched in immune-related activities. The intersection analysis between PPI network and COX regression analysis indicated that TGFβ1 was significantly associated with the communication of genes in the PPI network and the survival of CC patients. In addition, TGFβ1 was up-regulated in the tumor samples and significantly related with poor prognosis of CC patients. Further GSEA suggested that genes in the TGFβ1 up-regulated group were enriched in immune-related activities and the function of TGFβ1 might depend on the communications with TICs, including T cells CD4 naïve and T cells regulatory. Conclusion The expression of TGFβ1 might be an indicator for the tumor immune microenvironment of CC and serve as a prognostic factor. Drugs targeting TGFβ1 might be a potential immunotherapy for CC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Dafeng People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Quan Gu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quan'an Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Deng Y, Li L, Zhu JH, Li PP, Deng YX, Luo HH, Yang YY, He BC, Su Y. COX-2 promotes the osteogenic potential of BMP9 through TGF-β1/p38 signaling in mesenchymal stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11336-11351. [PMID: 33833129 PMCID: PMC8109063 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) on bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We found that BMP9 increased mRNA levels of TGF-β1 and COX-2 in C3H10T1/2 cells. BMP9-induced osteogenic markers were enhanced by TGF-β1 and reduced by TGF-βRI-specific inhibitor LY364947. BMP9 increased level of p-Smad2/3, which were either enhanced or reduced by COX-2 and its inhibitor NS398. BMP9-induced osteogenic markers were decreased by NS398 and it was partially reversed by TGF-β1. COX-2 increased BMP9-induced osteogenic marker levels, which almost abolished by LY364947. BMP9-induced bone formation was enhanced by TGF-β1 but reduced by silencing TGF-β1 or COX-2. BMP9’s osteogenic ability was inhibited by silencing COX-2 but partially reversed by TGF-β1. TGF-β1 and COX-2 enhanced activation of p38 signaling, which was induced by BMP9 and reduced by LY364947. The ability of TGF-β1 to increase the BMP9-induced osteogenic markers was reduced by p38-specific inhibitor, while BMP9-induced TGF-β1 expression was reduced by NS398, but enhanced by COX-2. Furthermore, CREB interacted with Smad1/5/8 to regulate TGF-β1 expression in MSCs. These findings suggest that COX-2 overexpression leads to increase BMP9’s osteogenic ability, resulting from TGF-β1 upregulation which then activates p38 signaling in MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Pei-Pei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong-Hong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuxi Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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19
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Wound Healing Promotion by Hyaluronic Acid: Effect of Molecular Weight on Gene Expression and In Vivo Wound Closure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040301. [PMID: 33800588 PMCID: PMC8065935 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been known to play an important role in wound healing process. However, the effect of molecular weight (MW) of exogenously administered HA on the wound healing process has not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated HA with different MWs on wound healing process using human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and migration ability were assessed by water soluble tetrazolium (WST) assay and wound scratch assay. We examined the effect of HA addition in a full-thickness wound model in mice and the gene expression related to wound healing. Proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells increased with the increase of MW and concentration of HA. Interleukin (IL-1β), IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-13 were significantly upregulated by high molecular weight (HMW) HA in keratinocytes. Together with VEGF upregulation and the observed promotion of HaCaT migration, HA with the MW of 2290 kDa may hold potential to improve re-epithelialization, a critical obstacle to heal chronic wounds.
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20
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Macarak EJ, Wermuth PJ, Rosenbloom J, Uitto J. Keloid disorder: Fibroblast differentiation and gene expression profile in fibrotic skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:132-145. [PMID: 33211348 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Keloid disorder, a group of fibroproliferative skin diseases, is characterized by unremitting accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissue, primarily collagen, to develop cutaneous tumors on the predilection sites of skin. There is a strong genetic predisposition for keloid formation, and individuals of African and Asian ancestry are particularly prone. The principal cell type responsible for ECM accumulation is the myofibroblast derived from quiescent resident skin fibroblasts either through trans-differentiation or from keloid progenitor stem cells with capacity for multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal. The biosynthetic pathways leading to ECM accumulation are activated by several cytokines, but particularly by TGF-β signalling. The mechanical properties of the cellular microenvironment also play a critical role in the cell's response to TGF-β, as demonstrated by culturing of fibroblasts derived from keloids and control skin on substrata with different degrees of stiffness. These studies also demonstrated that culturing of fibroblasts on tissue culture plastic in vitro does not reflect their biosynthetic capacity in vivo. Collectively, our current understanding of the pathogenesis of keloids suggests a complex network of interacting cellular, molecular and mechanical factors, with distinct pathways leading to myofibroblast differentiation and activation. Keloids can serve as a model system of fibrotic diseases, a group of currently intractable disorders, and deciphering of the critical pathogenetic steps leading to ECM accumulation is expected to identify targets for pharmacologic intervention, not only for keloids but also for a number of other, both genetic and acquired, fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Macarak
- The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrotic Diseases, and the Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter J Wermuth
- The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrotic Diseases, and the Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Rosenbloom
- The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrotic Diseases, and the Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrotic Diseases, and the Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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21
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Kleiser S, Nyström A. Interplay between Cell-Surface Receptors and Extracellular Matrix in Skin. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1170. [PMID: 32796709 PMCID: PMC7465455 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin consists of the epidermis and dermis, which are connected by a specialized basement membrane-the epidermal basement membrane. Both the epidermal basement membrane and the underlying interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) created by dermal fibroblasts contain distinct network-forming macromolecules. These matrices play various roles in order to maintain skin homeostasis and integrity. Within this complex interplay of cells and matrices, cell surface receptors play essential roles not only for inside-out and outside-in signaling, but also for establishing mechanical and biochemical properties of skin. Already minor modulations of this multifactorial cross-talk can lead to severe and systemic diseases. In this review, major epidermal and dermal cell surface receptors will be addressed with respect to their interactions with matrix components as well as their roles in fibrotic, inflammatory or tumorigenic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Kleiser
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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22
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The Antitumor Efficacy of β-Elemene by Changing Tumor Inflammatory Environment and Tumor Microenvironment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6892961. [PMID: 32149121 PMCID: PMC7054771 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6892961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators and inflammatory cells in the inflammatory microenvironment promote the transformation of normal cells to cancer cells in the early stage of cancer, promote the growth and development of cancer cells, and induce tumor immune escape. The monomeric active ingredient β-elemene is extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Curcuma wenyujin and has been proven to have good anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities in clinical applications for more than 20 years in China. Recent studies have found that this traditional Chinese medicine plays a vital role in macrophage infiltration and M2 polarization, as well as in regulating immune disorders, and it even regulates the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3 to alter inflammation, tumorigenesis, and development. In addition, β-elemene regulates not only different inflammatory factors (such as TNF-α, IFN, TGF-β, and IL-6/10) but also oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. The excellent anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects of β-elemene and its ability to alter the inflammatory microenvironment of tumors have been gradually elaborated. Although the study of monomeric active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicines is insufficient in terms of quality and quantity, the pharmacological effects of more active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines will be revealed after β-elemene.
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