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Hassan GS, Helal MB, Ibrahim HF. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor alpha in the maxillary sinus, pulp, and periodontal ligament of adjacent teeth in late pregnancy in rats. Odontology 2023; 111:608-617. [PMID: 36434465 PMCID: PMC10238294 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the histological changes in the maxillary sinus and its adjacent dental tissues as pulp and periodontal ligament during pregnancy and investigate the role of estrogen hormone in these changes through the detection of estrogen receptors in these tissues. Sixteen adult female rats were used and were allocated into two groups: control non-pregnant (n = 8) and pregnant (n = 8). They were sacrificed and their heads were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examination for estrogen receptor alpha. Our results revealed that pregnant rats revealed inflammatory changes in the sinus as thick epithelial lining, loss of cilia, swollen goblet cells, intraepithelial and interstitial edema. The lamina propria demonstrated considerable infiltration of inflammatory cells, glandular hyperplasia with vacuolar degeneration, and vascular congestion. Periodontal ligament and pulp revealed hyperemia and vascular congestion. Immunohistochemical examination of estrogen receptor alpha in the maxillary sinus and adjacent dental tissues (Periodontal ligament and pulp) in pregnant rats revealed a significant increase in its expression in all examined tissues. In conclusion, there was an increase in expression of ERα in the sinus mucosa and dental tissues during pregnancy together with slight inflammatory changes in these tissues. Hence, dentists should be aware of the effect of these changes on the pregnant women avoiding teeth extraction due to misdiagnosis of dental, periodontal or sinus pain after exclusion of true pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan S. Hassan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, El-Giesh St., Tanta, Gharbia Egypt
| | - Mai B. Helal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, El-Giesh St., Tanta, Gharbia Egypt
| | - H. F. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, El-Giesh St., Tanta, Gharbia Egypt
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Weare-Regales N, Chiarella SE, Cardet JC, Prakash YS, Lockey RF. Hormonal Effects on Asthma, Rhinitis, and Eczema. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2066-2073. [PMID: 35436605 PMCID: PMC9392967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hormones significantly influence the pathogenesis of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. This review aims to summarize relevant clinical considerations for practicing allergists and immunologists. The first section reviews the effects of sex hormones: estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. The second concerns insulin production in the context of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The third concludes with a discussion of thyroid and adrenal pathology in relationship to asthma, rhinitis, and eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Weare-Regales
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, James A. Haley Veterans Administration, Tampa, Fla.
| | - Sergio E Chiarella
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Richard F Lockey
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, James A. Haley Veterans Administration, Tampa, Fla; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
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3
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Chiarella SE, Cardet JC, Prakash YS. Sex, Cells, and Asthma. Mayo Clin Proc 2021; 96:1955-1969. [PMID: 34218868 PMCID: PMC8262071 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There are marked sex differences in asthma prevalence and severity. Sex hormones play a central role in these sex biases and directly interact with multiple key cells involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Here we review the known effects of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone on airway epithelial cells, airway smooth muscle cells, the mononuclear phagocyte system, innate lymphoid cells, eosinophils, mast cells, T cells, and B cells, all in the context of asthma. Furthermore, we explore unresolved clinical questions, such as the role of sex hormones in the link between asthma and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio E Chiarella
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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4
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Millas I, Duarte Barros M. Estrogen receptors and their roles in the immune and respiratory systems. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 304:1185-1193. [PMID: 33856123 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen is an important hormone for health in both genders. It is indispensable to glucose homeostasis, immune robustness, bone health, cardiovascular health, and neural functions. The main way that estrogen acts in the cells is through estrogen receptors (ERs). The presence of specific estrogen receptors is required for estrogen to have its characteristic ubiquitous action in almost all tissues. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) are the major isoforms of estrogen that are highly specific in humans and enable selective hormonal actions in different tissues. This article reviews some of the observed estrogen actions and effects in different tissues and cells through these specific receptors. This ubiquitous, almost ordinary hormone may reveal itself as a significant factor that helped us to better understand the complexity of the human immune system response against respiratory infections, including the COVID-19, and especially in the current state of this painful pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieda Millas
- UNINOVE Curso de Medicina Ringgold Standard Institution-Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Ban WW, Lee YJ, Lee SH, Jung JY, Baek BJ. Expression of Estrogen Receptor-alpha in Nasal Polyps and the Effects of Dexamethasone on Estrogen Receptor-alpha Expression in RPMI 2650 Cells. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e420. [PMID: 33372422 PMCID: PMC7769702 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported that epithelial cell proliferation may be involved in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps (NPs). Estrogen receptor (ER)-α, one type of ER, is related to anti-inflammatory action and cell survival in certain tissues. In this study, we examined the presence or absence of ER-α in NPs and healthy inferior turbinate mucosae. We also investigated the effect of dexamethasone on ER-α expression, cell viability, and apoptosis in RPMI 2650 cells. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis were conducted to determine the expression of ER-α in 15 NPs and 15 healthy inferior turbinate mucosae. After treating RPMI 2650 cells with dexamethasone, ER-α expression was analyzed using Western blot analysis and cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Western blot analysis and annexin V-phycoerythrin (PE) staining were used to examine apoptotic cell death. RESULTS Western blot analysis showed that ER-α expression was upregulated in 13 of the 15 NP tissues. Immunohistochemical staining for ER-α confirmed the results of the Western blot analysis. When RPMI 2650 cells were treated with dexamethasone, both ER-α expression and cell viability were decreased. Furthermore, the treatment of RPMI 2650 cells with dexamethasone increased apoptotic cell death, as shown by increased levels of BAX and cleaved caspase-3, decreased levels of Bcl-2, and an increased percentage of positive annexin V-PE stained cells. CONCLUSION ER-α expression was higher in NPs than in healthy inferior turbinate mucosae. When RPMI 2650 cells were treated with dexamethasone, ER-α expression was downregulated, cell viability decreased, and apoptosis increased. The decreased cell viability may be related, at least in part, to the decreased ER-α protein levels, which likely contributed to the induction of apoptotic cell death in RPMI 2650 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Woo Ban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Yeop Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Byoung Joon Baek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
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Rodriguez Bauza DE, Silveyra P. Sex Differences in Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197270. [PMID: 33027929 PMCID: PMC7579110 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common complication of athletes and individuals who exercise regularly. It is estimated that about 90% of patients with underlying asthma (a sexually dimorphic disease) experience EIB; however, sex differences in EIB have not been studied extensively. With the goal of better understanding the prevalence of EIB in males and females, and because atopy has been reported to occur at higher rates in athletes, in this study, we investigated sex differences in EIB and atopy in athletes. A systematic literature review identified 60 studies evaluating EIB and/or atopy in post-pubertal adult athletes (n = 7501). Collectively, these studies reported: (1) a 23% prevalence of EIB in athletes; (2) a higher prevalence of atopy in male vs. female athletes; (3) a higher prevalence of atopy in athletes with EIB; (4) a significantly higher rate of atopic EIB in male vs. female athletes. Our analysis indicates that the physiological changes that occur during exercise may differentially affect male and female athletes, and suggest an interaction between male sex, exercise, and atopic status in the course of EIB. Understanding these sex differences is important to provide personalized management plans to athletes with underlying asthma and/or atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Biobehavioral Laboratory, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27713, USA
- Correspondence:
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Lee K, Hong Y, Choi J, Lee SH, Kim TH. Life-long endogenous estrogen exposure is associated with prevalence of allergic rhinitis in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2019; 26:885-891. [PMID: 30889092 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of life-long endogenous estrogen exposure on prevalence of chronic rhinitis including allergic rhinitis (AR) in the postmenopausal period. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 3,043 postmenopausal women who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V were included. Participants with symptoms including sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, or nasal itching were considered to have chronic rhinitis. In subgroup analysis, the AR group comprised participants with rhinitis with positive findings in at least one of three specific immunoglobulin E. Univariable and multivariable logistic analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between rhinitis and estrogen-related factors including age at menarche, age at menopause, age at first delivery, parity, and duration of breast-feeding. RESULTS Participants with chronic rhinitis (17.6%) had higher parity (odd ratio [OR] = 1.17, P = 0.0135) and shorter duration of breast-feeding (OR = 0.98, P = 0.0388) than controls. In subgroup analysis, participants with AR (7.1%) had younger age at menarche (OR = 0.56, P = 0.0028) and older age at menopause (OR = 1.42, P = 0.0060) after adjustment of confounding factors. There was a positive association between age at menopause and specific immunoglobulin E for both cockroach (OR = 1.38, P = 0.0132) and dogs (OR = 1.38, P = 0.0302). Longer postmenopausal duration was positively associated with cockroach allergen sensitization (OR = 1.25, P = 0.201). CONCLUSIONS Longer duration of reproductive period was associated with higher prevalence of AR and aeroallergen sensitization in the postmenopausal period. Moreover, cockroach allergen sensitization was associated with a longer postmenopausal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kijeong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeji Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jimi Choi
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hag Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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8
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Kollndorfer K, Ohrenberger I, Schöpf V. Contraceptive Use Affects Overall Olfactory Performance: Investigation of Estradiol Dosage and Duration of Intake. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167520. [PMID: 28002464 PMCID: PMC5176159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of female sex steroids on cognitive performance and sensory perception has been investigated for decades. However, previous research that studied olfaction revealed inconsistent results. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different ethinyl estradiol (EE) concentrations of oral contraceptives and duration of intake on olfactory function. Forty-two healthy women, with regular intake of either high or low EE dosage over at least one year and up to 15 years participated in this study. Results revealed a significant concordance between a priori categorization in the two groups with high and low EE dosage and data-driven hierarchical clustering (p = 0.008). Furthermore, significantly higher olfactory performance was observed in women using low-dose products compared to women using high-dosed products (p = 0.019). These findings indicate different effects of pill use with regard to EE concentration. We therefore strongly recommend the acquisition of information about EE dosage of oral contraceptives to reduce potential confounding factors when investigating sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Kollndorfer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iris Ohrenberger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Schöpf
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Yoshizaki K, Fuziwara CS, Brito JM, Santos TMN, Kimura ET, Correia AT, Amato-Lourenco LF, Vasconcellos P, Silva LF, Brentani MM, Mauad T, Saldiva PHN, Macchione M. The effects of urban particulate matter on the nasal epithelium by gender: An experimental study in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:359-369. [PMID: 26942683 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nose is the first portion of the respiratory system into contact with air pollution particles, including organic compounds that could act as endocrine releasers. The objective was to identify and quantify estrogenic receptor-β (ERβ), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A1, 1A2, 1B1, and mucus profile in the nasal epithelium of mice. BALB/c mice male (n = 32) and female (n = 82) in proestrus, estrus and diestrus were divided into two groups: 1) exposed to ambient air; 2) concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) to achieve an accumulated dose (concentration vs. time product) of 600 μg/m(3), the time of the exposure was controlled to ensure the same concentration for all groups (5 days per week for 40-51 days). RT-PCR (Erβ-1, Erβ-2, Ahr, Cyp1a1, Cyp1a2, Cyp1b1), immunohistochemistry and morphometry (ERβ, AhR) were used to analyze. The mucus profiles were examined using acid (Alcian Blue) and neutral (periodic acid Schiff's) stains. Exposed females had significantly lower levels of Erβ-2 mRNA than exposed males (p = 0.036). Cyp1b1 mRNA in diestrus females was significantly lower in the CAP-exposed group compared with the ambient air group (p ≤ 0.05). ERβ expression in the epithelium and submucosa nucleus was lower in estrus exposed to CAPs compared with ambient air. CAPs increases AhR in the epithelium (p = 0.044) and submucosa (p = 0.001) nucleus of female when compared with male mice. Exposure to CAPs, also led to relatively increased acidic content in the mucus of males (p = 0.048), but decreased acidic content in that of females (p = 0.04). This study revealed sex-dependent responses to air pollution in the nasal epithelium that may partially explain the predisposition of females to airway respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshizaki
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - C S Fuziwara
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Brito
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T M N Santos
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E T Kimura
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A T Correia
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Cardiopneumology, InCor, Clinics Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L F Amato-Lourenco
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Vasconcellos
- Chemistry Institute, University of Sao Paulo; National Institutes of Science and Technology (INCT), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L F Silva
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M M Brentani
- Departament of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T Mauad
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P H N Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Macchione
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Sathish V, Prakash Y. Sex Differences in Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology. SEX DIFFERENCES IN PHYSIOLOGY 2016:89-103. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802388-4.00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Peretz J, Pekosz A, Lane AP, Klein SL. Estrogenic compounds reduce influenza A virus replication in primary human nasal epithelial cells derived from female, but not male, donors. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L415-25. [PMID: 26684252 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00398.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza causes an acute infection characterized by virus replication in respiratory epithelial cells. The severity of influenza and other respiratory diseases changes over the life course and during pregnancy in women, suggesting that sex steroid hormones, such as estrogens, may be involved. Using primary, differentiated human nasal epithelial cell (hNEC) cultures from adult male and female donors, we exposed cultures to the endogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) or select estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and then infected cultures with a seasonal influenza A virus (IAV) to determine whether estrogenic signaling could affect the outcome of IAV infection and whether these effects were sex dependent. Estradiol, raloxifene, and bisphenol A decreased IAV titers in hNECs from female, but not male, donors. The estrogenic decrease in viral titer was dependent on the genomic estrogen receptor-2 (ESR2) as neither genomic ESR1 nor nongenomic GPR30 was expressed in hNEC cultures and addition of the genomic ER antagonist ICI 182,780 reversed the antiviral effects of E2. Treatment of hNECs with E2 had no effect on interferon or chemokine secretion but significantly downregulated cell metabolic processes, including genes that encode for zinc finger proteins, many of which contain estrogen response elements in their promoters. These data provide novel insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of how natural and synthetic estrogens impact IAV infection in respiratory epithelial cells derived from humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackye Peretz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew P Lane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sabra L Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Gender-related effects of sex steroids on histamine release and FcεRI expression in rat peritoneal mast cells. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:351829. [PMID: 25973435 PMCID: PMC4417946 DOI: 10.1155/2015/351829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are versatile effector and regulatory cells in various physiologic, immunologic, and pathologic processes. In addition to the well-characterized IgE/FcεRI-mediated degranulation, a variety of biological substances can induce MCs activation and release of their granule content. Sex steroids, mainly estradiol and progesterone, have been demonstrated to elicit MCs activation. Most published studies have been conducted on MCs lines or freshly isolated peritoneal and bone marrow-derived MC without addressing gender impact on MC response. Our goal was to investigate if the effect of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on MCs may differ depending on whether female or male rats are used as MCs donors. Our results demonstrated that effect of sex steroids on MCs histamine release is dose- and gender-dependent and can be direct, synergistic, or inhibitory depending on whether hormones are used alone or to pretreat MCs followed by substance P-stimulation or upon IgE-mediated stimulation. In contrast, sex steroids did not have effect on the MC expression of the IgE high affinity receptor, FcεRI, no matter female or male rats were used. In conclusion, MCs degranulation is modulated by sex hormones in a gender-selective fashion, with MC from females being more susceptible than MC from males to the effects of sex steroids.
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13
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Sex steroid signaling: implications for lung diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 150:94-108. [PMID: 25595323 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing recognition that sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone) have biological and pathophysiological actions in peripheral, non-reproductive organs, including the lung. Clinically, sex differences in the incidence, morbidity and mortality of lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer and pulmonary hypertension have been noted, although intrinsic sex differences vs. the roles of sex steroids are still not well-understood. Accordingly, it becomes important to ask the following questions: 1) Which sex steroids are involved? 2) How do they affect different components of the lung under normal circumstances? 3) How does sex steroid signaling change in or contribute to lung disease, and in this regard, are sex steroids detrimental or beneficial? As our understanding of sex steroid signaling in the lung improves, it is important to consider whether such information can be used to develop new therapeutic strategies to target lung diseases, perhaps in both sexes or in a sex-specific manner. In this review, we focus on the basics of sex steroid signaling, and the current state of knowledge regarding how they influence structure and function of specific lung components across the life span and in the context of some important lung diseases. We then summarize the potential for sex steroids as useful biomarkers and therapeutic targets in these lung diseases as a basis for future translational research in the area of gender and individualized medicine.
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Olival Costa H, de Castro Neto NP, Mara Rossi L, Millas I, Coelho F, da Silva L. Influence of estradiol administration on estrogen receptors of nasal mucosa: an experimental study on guinea pigs. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 80:18-23. [PMID: 24626887 PMCID: PMC9443962 DOI: 10.5935/1808-8694.20140006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introdução A literatura indica uma correlação entre estrogênio elevado no soro e sintomas nasais ou alterações inflamatórias na mucosa nasal. Os receptores de estrogênio tendem a ser controlados por retroalimentação negativa, para evitar um estímulo nocivo sobre as diversas funções corporais em períodos de hiperestrogenismo. Propomos uma hipótese em que os mecanismos que regulam a expressão de receptores de estradiol na mucosa nasal estão ausentes em alguns pacientes, e a sua concentração permanece estável mesmo em períodos de elevada concentração sérica hormonal, o que pode conduzir a sintomas locais na mucosa nasal. Desenho do estudo estudo prospectivo experimental. Objetivo Determinar se altos níveis de estrogênio induzem à redução no número de receptores de estrogênio na mucosa nasal. Material e método Trinta cobaias foram submetidas à biópsia da concha nasal, recebendo 0,5 ml de cipionato de estradiol por via intraperitoneal por trinta dias consecutivos. Em seguida foram obtidas amostras da concha nasal contralateral. As análises imuno-histoquímicas dos receptores de estrógeno foram realizadas antes e depois da hormonioterapia. Resultados O grupo pós-tratamento mostrou uma redução da expressão dos receptores (p = 5,2726-5). Conclusão Redução na expressão do receptor de estrogênio nasal foi encontrada após trinta dias de administração de estradiol. © 2014 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. Todos os direitos reservados.
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Wang DS, Liu QS, Lai HC. Effects of Budesonide on the Expression of the Glucocorticoid Receptor-α in Nasal Polyp Epithelial Cells. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2013; 27:123-7. [PMID: 23562201 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background This study explores effects of budesonide on the proliferation of nasal polyp epithelial cells and expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) alpha in nasal polyp epithelial cells. Methods Primary cultured, purified, and identified the epithelial cells collected from nasal polyps. The proliferation of nasal polyp epithelial cells was examined by a cell counting kit, and expression of GR-alpha mRNA in nasal polyp epithelial cells was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, after training nasal polyp epithelial cells in budesonide solution. Results The average survival rate of nasal polyp epithelial cells was the lowest in 1 × 10−6 M budesonide solution (29.284 ± 0.311%), compared with other concentrations. Budesonide at 1 × 10−8 M caused down-regulation of GR-alpha mRNA expression levels at 6 and 12 ours, compared with the 0-hour group (p < 0.001); compared with the 0-hour group, there were significantly lower expression levels of GR-alpha mRNA at both 24 and 48 hours (p < 0.001); Expression of GR-alpha mRNA at either 48 or 12 hours was not significantly different from that at 24 hours. Conclusion Budesonide can significantly inhibit the proliferation of nasal polyp epithelial cells, down-regulate the expression of GR-alpha mRNA in nasal polyp epithelial cells with time dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Sheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qin-Song Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hai-Chun Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
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Millas I, Liquidato BM, Buck HDS, Barros MD, Paes RAP, Dolci JEL. Evaluation of estrogenic receptors in the nasal mucosa of women taking oral contraceptives. Contraception 2010; 83:571-7. [PMID: 21570556 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that the nasal mucosa is affected by estrogen influence. Some authors have already detected estrogen receptors (ER) in the nasal mucosa. However, there doesn't seem to be a consensus about the concentration and distribution of the ER or the possible influence of hormonal contraceptives in the nasal mucosa. OBJECTIVE The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of oral contraceptives on the distribution and concentration of estrogenic receptors in nasal mucosa. STUDY DESIGN Two groups of 32 women with regular menstrual cycles were selected. One group of women was taking oral contraceptives and the other was not. Samples of mucosa of inferior nasal turbinate were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining for alpha and beta ER. RESULTS The use of oral contraceptives induced a decrease of beta-receptors only in lamina propria cells. In both groups, there was a predominance of beta-receptors. CONCLUSION Women who took oral contraceptives showed a decrease of beta-receptors in some cells of the lamina propria. These findings show us the possibility of effects of contraceptive pills on the cells such as fibroblasts, mast cells, plasmocytes, and other inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieda Millas
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Department of Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Grzanka A, Misiołek M, Golusiński W, Jarząb J. Molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoids action: implications for treatment of rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 268:247-53. [PMID: 20628753 PMCID: PMC3021186 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-010-1330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Intra-nasal glucocorticoids are the most effective drugs available for rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis treatment. Their effectiveness depends on many factors and not all of them have been well recognized so far. The authors present the basic information on molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid action, direct and indirect effects of glucocorticoids on transcription of genes encoding inflammatory mediators. They focus on recently proved nongenomic mechanisms which appear quickly, from several seconds to minutes after glucocorticoid administration and discuss clinical implications resulting from this knowledge. Discovery of nongenomic glucocorticoid actions allows for better use of these drugs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Grzanka
- Clinical Department of Internal Diseases, Dermatology and Allergology, Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, M.C.Skłodowskiej 10, 41-800 Katowice, Poland.
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18
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Chen W, Beck I, Schober W, Brockow K, Effner R, Buters JTM, Behrendt H, Ring J. Human mast cells express androgen receptors but treatment with testosterone exerts no influence on IgE-independent mast cell degranulation elicited by neuromuscular blocking agents. Exp Dermatol 2009; 19:302-4. [PMID: 19758318 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Women predominate in the anaphylactic reactions to neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA). The expression of oestrogen receptors has been demonstrated in mast cells and oestrogen treatment can enhance mast cell degranulation, but the influence of androgens remains largely unclear. Our immunocytochemical study showed the expression of androgen receptor (AR) in mast cells isolated from human foreskin as well as in two human mast cell lines, HMC-1 and LAD2. The amount of AR was most abundant in human skin mast cells as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Treatment of the HMC-1 mast cells with testosterone or 17beta-oestradiol, alone or in combination with different NMBA, did not affect mast cell degranulation as measured by the release of beta-hexosaminidase. Our study shows for the first time the expression of AR in human skin mast cells. Further studies using primary human mast cell cultures are needed to understand whether and how sex hormones can influence mast cell activation.
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The progesterone receptor regulates the expression of TRPV4 channel. Pflugers Arch 2009; 459:105-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-009-0706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 07/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Passalacqua G. Allergic rhinitis in women. WOMENS HEALTH 2007; 3:603-11. [PMID: 19804037 DOI: 10.2217/17455057.3.5.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is a high-prevalence disease that significantly impairs the quality of life. Its pathogenesis is quite well understood, and involves numerous cells, cytokines and mediators, which result in an inflammatory process. The triggering IgE-mediated reaction does not differ between men and women, but in females some aspects, related mainly to the hormonal frame, must be taken into account. In fact, cyclic hormonal changes can affect the severity of rhinitis, as can pregnancy, which may result in a particular form of 'pregnancy rhinitis'. The most important and challenging aspect is the management of allergic rhinitis in pregnancy, which require a careful evaluation of the risk:benefit ratio. This review will examine the aforementioned aspects, with particular regard to the pharmacotherapy of rhinitis in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Passalacqua
- University of Genoa, Allergy & Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, PadiglioneMaragliano, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
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