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Khan K, Kaya M, Fidan ED, Kilimci FS. Impact of litter on femur and tibial morphology, bone biomechanics, and leg health parameters in broiler chickens. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1393-1402. [PMID: 36915925 PMCID: PMC10472162 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study effects of three types of beddings on broiler leg health and bone biomechanics were evaluated. METHODS A total of 504 male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly placed on three beddings (4 replicates/group; 42 birds/pen), zeolite-added litter (ZL), plastic-grid flooring (PF), and wood shavings (WS). On day 42, chickens were weighed, slaughtered, and samples (bone, muscle, and drumstick) were collected. Bones were subjected to leg health tests, morphometric measurements, biomechanical testing, and ash analysis. RESULTS Broilers in PF and WS groups showed higher live weight than the ZL group (p<0.001), and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and varus valgus deformity due to distal bending was significantly higher in PF (p<0.001). Multinomial logistic regression showed that bedding has a significant (p = 0.038) contribution toward the development of TD. Tibial strength (p = 0.040), drumstick width (p = 0.001), and total femur and epiphyseal ash contents (p = 0.044, 0.016) were higher in the ZL group. Chicken live weight was correlated with tibial length and weight (r = 0.762, 0.725). CONCLUSION Flooring and the type of bedding material directly affect broiler bone length, strength and leg health. Plastic bedding improves the slaughter weight of chickens on the expense of leg deformities, and zeolite litter improves leg health and bone strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Khan
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (sub-campus Jhang), Lahore 35200,
Pakistan
| | - Mehmet Kaya
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09016,
Turkey
| | - Evrim Dereli Fidan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09016,
Turkey
| | - Figen Sevil Kilimci
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09016,
Turkey
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Freitas ER, Costa HS, Nepomuceno RC, Silva LP, Aguiar GC, Lima PJDO, Watanabe PH, Nascimento GAJ, Gomes TR. Bone Growth and Meat Quality of Quails Submitted to Different Lighting Programs. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - HS Costa
- Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - LP Silva
- Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - TR Gomes
- Federal University of Roraima, Brazil
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Chang SC, Lin MJ, Lee CH, Lin LJ, Liao JW, Lee TT. Effects of angel wings on morphological and histological characteristics of White Roman geese. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102389. [PMID: 36913753 PMCID: PMC10024165 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effects of normal and angel wing on morphological and histological characteristics of white Roman geese. Angel wing is a torsion of a wing at the carpometacarpus all the way down to the end, stretching outward away from the body lateral. In this study, 30 geese were raised for observing the whole appearance, including stretched wings and morphologies of defeathered wings at 14 wk old. A group of 30 goslings was raised to observe the feature of conformation development of wing bones from 4 to 8 wk old by X-ray photography. The results show that normal wing on angles of the metacarpals and radioulnar bones has a trend greater than the angel wing group (P = 0.927) at the age of 10 wk. According to 64-slice images of computerized tomography scanner on a group of 10-wk-old geese, the interstice at the carpus joint of the angel wing was larger than that of the normal wing. The slight to moderate dilated space of the carpometacarpal joint was found in the angel wing group. In conclusion, the angel wing is torqued outward away from the body laterals at the carpometacarpus and has a slight to moderate dilated space in the carpometacarpal joint. The normal wing geese exhibited an angel that is 9.24% greater than those of angel wing geese at the age of 14 wk (130 vs. 118.5°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Min Jung Lin
- Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Changhua 52149, Taiwan
| | | | - Li Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tzu Tai Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan; Smart Sustainable New Agriculture Research Center (SMARTer), Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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Abdourhamane İM, Petek M. Health-Based Welfare Indicators and Fear Reaction of Slower Growing Broiler Compared to Faster Growing Broiler Housed in Free Range and Conventional Deep Litter Housing Systems. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2022:1-12. [PMID: 35855647 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2022.2100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the welfare of a slow-growing broiler with a commercially available fast-growing breed housed in a free-range and conventional deep litter housing system. There were four main groups (2 genotypes x 2 housing systems), and each main group consisted of 5 replicates. Ante-mortem and postmortem health-based welfare indicators wıth fear reactıons and distribution of severity of them in 200 male chicks (100 slow growing, 100 fast growing) were investigated. All welfare parameters investigated were found to be significantly different between both broiler genotypes. No significant differences were detected for all broiler welfare parameters between the two housing systems. There were significant genotype x housing system interactions for breast dirtiness and feather cover of the birds (P < 0.001). In conclusion, it can be said that slow-growing broilers express more health-based indicators of positive welfare, and they might be more suitable for free-range broiler meat production. Planning further studies especially in commercial conditions that take into account economic efficiency as well as animal welfare and growth performance would be very beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Metin Petek
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Intermittent Lighting Program Relieves the Deleterious Effect of Heat Stress on Growth, Stress Biomarkers, Physiological Status, and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141834. [PMID: 35883381 PMCID: PMC9311685 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic heat stress remains the most detrimental factor for broiler productivity in hot and desert regions. The manipulation of the lighting program is a useful and inexpensive tool to alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on broiler performance. The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of an intermittent lighting (I.L.) program consisting of repeated periods of 1 h light to 3 h dark during a day on broiler performance under chronic heat-stress conditions. The results indicate that applying the I.L. program to heat-stressed broilers relieved the stress indicators and improved the immune response, physiological status, and growth performance of broilers. Therefore, the application of the I.L. program could be used as a beneficial strategy to recover broiler performance during heat-stress conditions. Abstract The effects of heat stress on broiler performance and immunological response were explored using lighting-program manipulation as a potential tool. The study included 200 Cobb500 broiler chicks that were one day old at the time of recruitment. The birds were divided into four-compartment groups with similar environments (five cages per compartment, ten chicks per cage). Starting from the fourth day of age, birds of two compartments received a continuous lighting program (23L:1D a day; C.L. groups) while birds of the other two compartments received an intermittent lighting program (1L:3D 6 times per day; I.L. groups). Within each lighting program during 22–42 d of age, one group was subjected either to a thermoneutral temperature at 24 °C or heat stress at 35 °C. The results reveal that stress biomarkers, especially the plasma concentrations of corticosterone (CORT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were relieved by 46%, 27%, and 51%, respectively, in the I.L. treatment groups compared to the C.L. program in broiler chicks subjected to heat stress. The liver function was also improved by 24% and 32% in AST and ALT levels, respectively, in the I.L. program compared to the C.L. program in stressed birds. Furthermore, the I.L. program positively influenced the immune response of the heat-stressed broilers. Eventually, the I.L. program increased the heat-stressed broilers’ body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. It can be concluded that applying the I.L. program to broiler chickens can effectively improve their physiological balance and growth performance under heat-stress conditions.
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Evaluating Salmonella pullorum dissemination and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:240. [PMID: 35751066 PMCID: PMC9229423 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum is one of the most important infectious diseases in the poultry industry, responsible for causing substantial economic losses globally. On farms, the traditional method to detect S. pullorum infection mainly involves the collection of feces and sera to test for antigens and antibodies, respectively, but the regularity of Salmonella pullorum dissemination in internal organs and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens remains unclear. Herein we aimed to investigate the dissemination of S. pullorum to different organs and bacterial shedding patterns in the faeces as well as serum antibody production post-infection in chickens of different ages. RESULT In this study, the liver and heart of 2-day-old chickens showed the highest copy numbers of S. pullorum at 6.4 × 106 and 1.9 × 106 copies of DNA target sequences/30 mg, respectively. In case of 10-day-old chickens, the percentage of S. pullorum fecal shedding (0%-40%) and antibody production (0%-56.6%) markedly fluctuated during the entire experiment; furthermore, in case of 42-week-old chickens, the percentage of birds showing S. pullorum shedding in the faeces showed a downward trend (from 63.33% to 6.6% in the oral inoculation group and from 43.3% to 10% in the intraperitoneal injection group), while that of birds showing serum antibody production remained at a high level (38.3% and 80% in the oral inoculation and intraperitoneal injection groups, respectively). We also performed cohabitation experiments, showed that 15% 10-day-old and 3.33% 42-week-old chickens were infected via the horizontal transmission in cohabitation with S. pullorum infected chickens, and revealed a high risk of horizontal transmission of S. pullorum. CONCLUSION This study systematically evaluated the dissemination of S. pullorum in internal organs and bacterial fecal shedding patterns, and antibody production in infected chickens. Collectively, our findings indicate how to effectively screen S. pullorum-negative chickens on livestock farms and should also help in the development of measures to control and eradicate S. pullorum.
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Jones PJ, Niemi J, Christensen JP, Tranter RB, Bennett RM. A review of the financial impact of production diseases in poultry production systems. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an18281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While the academic literature widely asserts that production diseases have a significant financial impact on poultry production, these claims are rarely supported by empirical evidence. There is a risk, therefore, that the information needs of poultry producers regarding the costs associated with particular diseases are not being adequately met. A systematic literature review of poultry production diseases was undertaken, first, to scope the availability of studies that estimate the financial impacts of production diseases on poultry systems and, second, on the basis of these studies, estimates were generated of the magnitude of these impacts. Nine production diseases, selected by a panel of stakeholders as being economically important in the EU, were examined. The review found that the poultry disease literature has primarily an epidemiological focus, with very few publications providing estimates of the financial impacts of diseases. However, some publications have quantified the physical impacts of production diseases and control interventions, for example, using measures such as output volumes, mortality rates and bacterial counts. Using these data in standard financial models, partial financial analyses were possible for some poultry production diseases. Coccidiosis and clostridiosis were found to be the most common production diseases in broiler flocks, with salpingoperitonitis being the most common in layers. While the financial impact of untreated diseases varied, most uncontrolled diseases were estimated to make flocks loss-making. However, in all cases, interventions were available that signficantly reduced these losses. The review reinforces the concern that the available academic literature is not providing sufficient information for poultry producers to decide on financially optimal disease-prevention and treatment measures.
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Karaarslan S, Nazlıgül A. Effects of lighting, stocking density, and access to perches on leg health variables as welfare indicators in broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Zhao RX, Cai CH, Wang P, Zheng L, Wang JS, Li KX, Liu W, Guo XY, Zhan XA, Wang KY. Effect of night light regimen on growth performance, antioxidant status and health of broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 32:904-911. [PMID: 30381741 PMCID: PMC6498082 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of night light regimen on growth performance, antioxidant status and health of Lingnan Yellow broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age. Methods A completely randomized factorial design involved 2 photoperiods (constant lighting [CL], 24 L:0 D and intermittent lighting [INL], 17 L:3 D:1 L:3 D)×2 light intensities (10 lx and 30 lx). A total of one thousand six hundred and eighty 1-d-old Lingnan Yellow broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates (70 birds per replicate). The experiment lasted for 21 d. Results Photoperiods and light intensities had no effect on average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality of the broiler chickens (p>0.05). The INL had a significant effect on average daily feed intake (p<0.05) of broiler chickens compared with CL. Photoperiod and light intensity had an interactive effect on melatonin (MT) concentration (p<0.05). At CL, reducing light intensity increased MT concentration; INL birds had higher MT but MT concentration was not affected by light intensity. There was an interactive effect on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in serum and total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) in liver between photoperiod and light intensity. With the decrease of light intensity, the activities of GPx and CAT in serum and T-AOC in liver increased in CL group (p<0.05). Broiler chickens reared under INL had better antioxidant status and 10 lx treatments had higher activities of CAT in serum than 30 lx (p<0.05). Different photoperiods and light intensities had no effect on malondialdehyde. There was an interaction between photoperiod and light intensity on serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration (p<0.05). At CL, the elevated light intensity resulted in an increase in CK content; INL birds had lower CK concentration especially in low light intensity group. Besides, INL and low light intensity significantly reduced the concentration of serum corticosterone and heat shock protein 70 (p<0.05). Serum immunoglobulin M contents were increased in broiler chickens reared under the INL compared with CL group (p<0.05). Conclusion Results above suggest that the night light regimen of INL and 10 lx could be beneficial to the broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age due to the better health status and electricity savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Zhao
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - C H Cai
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - P Wang
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - L Zheng
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - J S Wang
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - K X Li
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - W Liu
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - X Y Guo
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - X A Zhan
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - K Y Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Xing R, Yang H, Wang X, Yu H, Liu S, Chen X, Li P. Effect of enzymatically hydrolyzed scallop visceral protein powder used as a replacement of fish meal on the growth performance, immune responses, intestinal microbiota and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aguiar GC, Freitas ER, Watanabe PH, Figueiredo CWS, Silva LP, Nascimento GAJ, Lima RC, Nepomuceno RC, Sá NL. Lighting programs for male and female meat quails (Coturnix coturnix) raised in equatorial region. Poult Sci 2017; 96:3122-3127. [PMID: 28541573 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lighting programs for male and female meat quails raised in an equatorial region on performance and carcass traits. A total of 1,500 sexed quails (Coturnix coturnix) was distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 2 sexes (male and female) and 3 lighting programs (natural, intermittent, and continuous) with 5 replicates of 50 birds. The lighting programs were applied in the period from 7 to 49 d of age, being natural (12 h and 30 min of natural light and 11 h and 30 min of dark), intermittent (12 h and 30 min of natural light and 5 h and 30 min of artificial light, alternating lighting periods with one h and 06 min and periods of darkness with one h and 12 min), and continuous (23 h of natural + artificial light and one h of dark). Regardless of lighting program, female quails were heavier than males, and birds subjected to natural light weighed less than those exposed to continuous and intermittent lighting programs. Quails exposed to intermittent and continuous light presented higher weight gain and feed intake, and worse feed conversion ratio compared to birds under a natural light regimen. It is concluded that in an equatorial region, it is possible to use a lighting program with only natural light for raising male and female meat quails from 7 to 49 d of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Aguiar
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - E R Freitas
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - P H Watanabe
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - C W S Figueiredo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - L P Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - G A J Nascimento
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - R C Lima
- Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Parauapebas, Parauapebas, Pará, Brazil
| | - R C Nepomuceno
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - N L Sá
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Acheampong-Boateng O, Bakare AG, Mbatha KR. The potential of replacing soyabean oil cake with macadamia oil cake in broiler diets. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 48:1283-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yang H, Xing H, Wang Z, Xia J, Wan Y, Hou B, Zhang J. Effects of Intermittent Lighting on Broiler Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Tibia Parameters. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2015.4143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guevara BDM, Pech PS, Zamora BR, Navarrete SLF, Magaña SHF. Performance of Broilers Reared under Monochromatic Light Emitting Diode Supplemental Lighting. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635x1704553-558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - PS Pech
- Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Mexico
| | - BR Zamora
- Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Mexico
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Van Wyhe R, Applegate T, Lilburn M, Karcher D. A comparison of long bone development in historical and contemporary ducks. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2858-65. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Sacranie A, Svihus B, Denstadli V, Moen B, Iji P, Choct M. The effect of insoluble fiber and intermittent feeding on gizzard development, gut motility, and performance of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2012; 91:693-700. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Svihus B, Sacranie A, Denstadli V, Choct M. Nutrient utilization and functionality of the anterior digestive tract caused by intermittent feeding and inclusion of whole wheat in diets for broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2617-25. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Effect of probiotic on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of Arbor Acres broilers. Res Vet Sci 2010; 89:163-7. [PMID: 20350733 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2008] [Revised: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of probiotic, Bacillus coagulans NJ0516, on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of Arbor Acres (AA) broilers was investigated. Strains NJ0516 were added to commercial basal diets as probiotic at three final concentrations: T-1, 1x10(6) cfu g(-1); T-2, 2x10(6) cfu g(-1) and T-3, 4x10(6) cfu g(-1), respectively. Twelve groups, of 30 broilers, with three replicates for each treatment group (T-1, T-2 and T-3) and the control group treated without probiotic were used. After 49 days, broilers receiving the diets supplemented with probiotic showed significantly better growth performances including final weight and daily weight gain (DWG) than those fed the basal diet (control). As for feed conversion ratio (FCR), T-2 and T-3 showed lower value (P<0.05) than the control. However, there was no significant different in final weight, DWG and FCR between T-1, T-2 and T-3 and the survival rate was not affected (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments. The higher protease activities were observed in T-2 and T-3 (P<0.05) compared with the control and T-1. However, there was not significantly different (P>0.05) between T-2 and T-3 in protease activity. Amylase activity in T-1, T-2 and T-3 was remarkably higher (P<0.05) than that in the control. Significantly higher amylase activity was observed in T-2 compared with that of T-1. There was no remarkable difference (P>0.05) in amylase activity of T-2 compared with that of T-3, even though there was a tendency for increased activity. As for lipase activity of duodenum in broilers, assays showed no difference in all treatment groups. It showed that probiotic, B. coagulans NJ0516 administration in feed with a certain concentration displayed a growth promoting effect and increased the protease and amylase activities.
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Li J, Bi D, Pan S, Zhang Y, Zhou D. Effects of high dietary vitamin A supplementation on tibial dyschondroplasia, skin pigmentation and growth performance in avian broilers. Res Vet Sci 2008; 84:409-12. [PMID: 18164357 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2007] [Revised: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study high dietary vitamin A on tibial dyschondroplasia, growth performance and skin pigmentation in broilers. One hundred and twenty Avian commercial broilers were randomly allotted to three treatments: group C (control group), in which broilers were fed basic diet containing vitamin A 5512IU/kg diet; group A, in which broilers were fed basic diet with addition vitamin A 35512IU/kg; group B, broilers were fed basic diet with supplement vitamin A 65512IU/kg. The experiment lasted 35d and at the end of the trial, broilers were killed and the right proximal tibiotarsi were dissected in longitudinal section for the assessment of TD incidence and TD index, skin from the same area of breast and tibia in broilers were collected to determine pigmentation. The results showed that a high level vitamin A significantly increased the rate of TD incidence and TD index, but middle level vitamin A did not have a significant effect on that. Both low and high retinoic acid decreased growth performance and skin pigmentation in broilers. It suggests that a high dietary vitamin A cause tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers, decreased growth performance and skin pigmentation. It is likely that the effect of vitamin A on TD is mediated through a depression of vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Petek M, Yilmaz E, Cibik R. Effect of First Feed Intake Time on Broiler Performance and Carcass Traits. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2007.9706880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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