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Raj J, Farkaš H, Jakovčević Z, Vasiljević M, Kumar R, Asrani RK. Effects of supplemented multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent in laying hens fed aflatoxin B1 and T2-toxin contaminated feeds. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102795. [PMID: 37327744 PMCID: PMC10404769 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the ability of multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA) in feed to prevent the gastrointestinal absorption of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T2-toxin supplemented via spiked maize. For comparisons, hens were fed with uncontaminated basal diet without or with addition of MMDA at 2 g/kg feed. The trial consisted of 105 laying hens (Lohmann Brown) without obvious signs of disease allocated to 7 treatment groups in 35 pens. Responses were demonstrated on laying performance and health status throughout the 42 d experimental period. The results of laying performance indicated significantly decreased egg mass with increasing mycotoxin (AFB1 and T2-toxin) levels up to the maximum tolerated dosage, however simultaneous presence of MMDA laying performance was slightly modified linearly to increasing application. Dose-dependent pathological changes in liver and kidneys and their relative weights, changes in blood parameters and reduced eggshell weights were observed in the hens fed AFB1 and T2-toxin. The pathological changes in the hens fed with diets containing AFB1 and T2-toxin without MMDA were significantly higher as compared with the control group, but eggshell stability was not affected. The contents of AFB1, T2-toxin and their metabolites in liver and kidney tissues were significantly decreased in the hens supplemented with MMDA at 2 and 3 g/kg in feed. MMDA supplementation significantly reduced the deposition of AFB1, T2-toxin and their metabolites in liver and kidneys at the maximum tolerated dosage (2 and 3 g/kg) indicating specific binding to AFB1 and T2-toxin in the digestive tract as compared to the corresponding diets without MMDA. Exposure of AFB1 and T2-toxin indicated significantly decreased egg mass with increasing mycotoxin levels up to the maximum tolerated dosage because of the significantly reduced egg production. Therefore, in this study, MMDA could reduce negative effects of feeding AFB1 and T-2 to laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jog Raj
- Patent Co, DOO., Vlade Ćetković 1A, Mišićevo 24211, Serbia.
| | - Hunor Farkaš
- Patent Co, DOO., Vlade Ćetković 1A, Mišićevo 24211, Serbia
| | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176062, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Asrani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176062, India
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2
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Li M, Fang Q, Xiu L, Yu L, Peng S, Wu X, Chen X, Niu X, Wang G, Kong Y. The molecular mechanisms of alpha-lipoic acid on ameliorating aflatoxin B 1-induced liver toxicity and physiological dysfunction in northern snakehead (Channa argus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 257:106466. [PMID: 36871483 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the protective mechanism of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) on the food-borne aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure-induced liver toxicity and physiological dysfunction in the northern snakehead (Channa argus). 480 fish (9.24±0.01 g) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups and fed with four experimental diets for 56 d including the control group (CON), AFB1 group (200 ppb AFB1), 600 α-LA group (600 ppm α-LA+200 ppb AFB1), and 900 α-LA group (900 ppm α-LA+200 ppb AFB1). The results revealed that 600 and 900 ppm α-LA attenuated AFB1-induced growth inhibition and immunosuppression in northern snakehead. 600 ppm α-LA significantly decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, and AFB1 bioaccumulation, and attenuated the changes of hepatic histopathological and ultrastructure induced by AFB1. Moreover, 600 and 900 ppm α-LA significantly up-regulated phase I metabolism genes (cytochrome P450-1a, 1b, and 3a) mRNA expression, inhibited the levels of malondialdehyde, 8‑hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine and reactive oxygen species in the liver. Notably, 600 ppm α-LA significantly up-regulated the expression levels of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 and its related downstream antioxidant molecules (heme oxygenase 1 and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1, etc.), increased the phase II detoxification enzyme-related molecules (glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione), antioxidant parameters (catalase and superoxide dismutase, etc.), and the expressions of Nrf2 and Ho-1 protein in the presence of AFB1 exposure. Furthermore, 600 and 900 ppm α-LA significantly reduced the characteristic indices of AFB1-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (glucose-regulated protein 78 and inositol requiring enzyme 1, etc.), apoptosis (caspase-3 and cytochrome c, etc.) and inflammation (nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor α, etc.), while increased the B-cell lymphoma-2 and inhibitor of κBα in the liver after being exposed to AFB1. To summarize, the above results indicate that dietary α-LA could modulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway to ameliorate AFB1-induced growth inhibition, liver toxicity, and physiological dysfunction in northern snakehead. Although the concentration of α-LA increased to 900 ppm from 600 ppm, the protective effects of the 900 ppm α-LA do not show an advantage over the 600 ppm α-LA, and even show inferiority in some respects. So that the recommended concentration of α-LA is 600 ppm. The present study provides the theoretical foundation for developing α-LA as the prevention and treatment of AFB1-induced liver toxicity in aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Qiongya Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Lei Xiu
- Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Linhai Yu
- Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Sibo Peng
- Jilin Academy of Fishery Sciences, Changchun 130033, PR. China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Xiumei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Xiaotian Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China.
| | - Yidi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China.
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3
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Ates MB, Ortatatli M, Oguz H, Ozdemir O, Terzi F, Ciftci MK, Hatipoglu F. The ameliorative effects of Nigella sativa, thymoquinone, and bentonite against aflatoxicosis in broilers via AFAR and Nrf2 signalling pathways, and down-regulation of caspase-3. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:332-339. [PMID: 34738498 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1998366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
1. Aflatoxins' (AFs) are metabolites which especially have toxic effects on proteins, and are detoxified by the aflatoxin-B1 aldehyde reductase (AFAR) pathway. In this pathway, the aldo-keto reductase family 7, member A2 (AKR7A2) enzyme is controlled by nucleic-related erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an active role. However, data on the efficacy of this critical pathway in broilers is limited.2. The aim of the following study was the changes in the expression levels of AKR7A2, Nrf2, and caspase-3, and the effects of Nigella sativa seeds (NS), thymoquinone (TMQ), and bentonite (BNT) on expression were investigated in broilers exposed to AFs.3. One-hundred broilers were divided into ten groups (control (CNT); AF; NS; TMQ; BNT; AF+TMQ; AF+NS; AF+BNT; AF+BNT+NS; AF+BNT+TMQ) and fed for 28 d. AF. TMQ, NS and BNT were added to diets at levels of 2 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 50 g/kg and 10 g/kg respectively.4. The addition of AF to the diet decreased AKR7A2 and Nrf2 levels dramatically, but increased caspase-3 (P<0.01). TMQ, NS and BNT additions to the diet eliminated all negative effects caused by AF (P<0.01); and AKR7A2 and Nrf2 were further raised in TMQ and NS groups when compared to the control group. TMQ and NS showed a positive effect on detoxification parameters when given together with BNT.5. Supplementation with NS and TMQ enhanced AF detoxification via the AFAR pathway, by increasing AKR7A2 and Nrf2 levels, in addition to reducing hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Burak Ates
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, TR-42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ortatatli
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, TR-42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Halis Oguz
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TR-42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Ozdemir
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, TR-42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Funda Terzi
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, TR-37200, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ciftci
- Istanbul Aydın University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences TR-34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Hatipoglu
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, TR-42130, Konya, Turkey.,Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, KG-720044, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
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4
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Aflatoxins associated oxidative stress and immunological alterations are mitigated by dietary supplementation of Pichia kudriavzevii in broiler chicks. Microb Pathog 2021; 161:105279. [PMID: 34742894 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of certain toxigenic fungi which pose severe health stress in humans, animals and poultry. Certain biological agents and components are used to adsorb mycotoxins in poultry industry which provide promising results in this regard. Pichia kudriazevii (PK), a novel yeast, has the ability to enhance the immune status of poultry chicks. The present study was designed to investigate the ameliorative potential of PK against aflatoxins associated immunosuppression and oxidative stress in broiler chicks. 180-one day old broiler chicks were equally divided into six groups and given different combinations of aflatoxins (300 and 600 μg/kg) and PK (1 g/kg). Parameters studied were antibody response to sheep red blood cells, lymphoproliferative response to PHA-P; phagocytic response by carbon clearance assay system, total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status of chicks. Results of this experiment confirmed the immunomodulation and antioxidant capacity of PK against 300 μg/kg aflatoxin level. However such amelioration was partial when PK was used with 600 μg/kg aflatoxins. Moreover, the exact ratio of aflatoxin: PK to cause such amelioration still needs to be investigated.
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5
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Alvarez CS, Hernández E, Escobar K, Villagrán CI, Kroker-Lobos MF, Rivera-Andrade A, Smith JW, Egner PA, Lazo M, Freedman ND, Guallar E, Dean M, Graubard BI, Groopman JD, Ramírez-Zea M, McGlynn KA. Aflatoxin B 1 exposure and liver cirrhosis in Guatemala: a case-control study. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2021; 7:bmjgast-2020-000380. [PMID: 32641287 PMCID: PMC7342465 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2020-000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In Guatemala, cirrhosis is among the 10 leading causes of death, and mortality rates have increased lately. The reasons for this heavy burden of disease are not clear as the prevalence of prominent risk factors, such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and heavy alcohol consumption, appears to be low. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure, however, appears to be high, and thus could be associated with the high burden of cirrhosis. Whether AFB1 increases the risk of cirrhosis in the absence of viral infection, however, is not clear. Design Cirrhosis cases (n=100) from two major referral hospitals in Guatemala City were compared with controls (n=200) from a cross-sectional study. Logistic regression was used to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs of cirrhosis and quintiles of AFB1 in crude and adjusted models. A sex-stratified analysis was also conducted. Results The median AFB1 level was significantly higher among the cases (11.4 pg/mg) than controls (5.11 pg/mg). In logistic regression analyses, higher levels of AFB1 was associated with cirrhosis (quintile 5 vs quintile 1, OR: 11.55; 95% CI 4.05 to 32.89). No attenuation was observed with adjustment by sex, ethnicity, hepatitis B virus status, and heavy alcohol consumption. A significantly increasing trend in association was observed in both models (p trend <0.01). Additionally, the cirrhosis–AFB1 association was more prominent among men. Conclusions The current study found a significant positive association between AFB1 exposure and cirrhosis. Mitigation of AFB1 exposure and a better understanding of additional risk factors may be important to reduce the burden of cirrhosis in Guatemala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Alvarez
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisa Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Kira Escobar
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Carmen I Villagrán
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - María F Kroker-Lobos
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Alvaro Rivera-Andrade
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Joshua W Smith
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia A Egner
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mariana Lazo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Dean
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - John D Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manuel Ramírez-Zea
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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6
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Kövesi B, Kulcsár S, Cserháti M, Erdélyi M, Ancsin Z, Zándoki E, Mézes M, Balogh K. Modification of the effects of aflatoxin B1 on the glutathione system and its regulatory genes by zeolite. Acta Vet Hung 2021; 69:23-30. [PMID: 33764891 DOI: 10.1556/004.2021.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to use oxidative stress markers for investigating the effect of zeolite (315 mg/kg of complete feed) in the case of aflatoxin B1 contamination (92 μg/kg complete feed). In a 21-day feeding trial with broiler chickens, oxidative stress parameters such as conjugated dienes, conjugated trienes, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity were not changed significantly by supplementation with this mycotoxin absorbent. The relative gene expression of transcription factors KEAP1 and NRF2 was not modified by the absorbent either. Still, the expression of GSS, GSR and GPX4 genes increased significantly due to the aluminosilicate supplementation. The results suggest that zeolite reduced lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma but not in the red blood cell haemolysate or the kidney. The relative expression of the genes encoding the glutathione redox system also changed as a result of zeolite supplementation, but these changes were not found at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjámin Kövesi
- 1Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Szabina Kulcsár
- 1Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
- 3MTA-KE-SZIE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Mátyás Cserháti
- 2Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Márta Erdélyi
- 1Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Ancsin
- 1Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Erika Zándoki
- 3MTA-KE-SZIE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Miklós Mézes
- 1Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
- 3MTA-KE-SZIE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Balogh
- 1Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
- 3MTA-KE-SZIE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
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7
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Hua Z, Liu R, Chen Y, Liu G, Li C, Song Y, Cao Z, Li W, Li W, Lu C, Liu Y. Contamination of Aflatoxins Induces Severe Hepatotoxicity Through Multiple Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:605823. [PMID: 33505311 PMCID: PMC7830880 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.605823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are commonly contaminating mycotoxins in foods and medicinal materials. Since they were first discovered to cause “turkey X” disease in the United Kingdom in the early 1960s, the extreme toxicity of AFs in the human liver received serious attention. The liver is the major target organ where AFs are metabolized and converted into extremely toxic forms to engender hepatotoxicity. AFs influence mitochondrial respiratory function and destroy normal mitochondrial structure. AFs initiate damage to mitochondria and subsequent oxidative stress. AFs block cellular survival pathways, such as autophagy that eliminates impaired cellular structures and the antioxidant system that copes with oxidative stress, which may underlie their high toxicities. AFs induce cell death via intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways and influence the cell cycle and growth via microribonucleic acids (miRNAs). Furthermore, AFs induce the hepatic local inflammatory microenvironment to exacerbate hepatotoxicity via upregulation of NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammasome assembly in the presence of Kupffer cells (liver innate immunocytes). This review addresses the mechanisms of AFs-induced hepatotoxicity from various aspects and provides background knowledge to better understand AFs-related hepatoxic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglai Hua
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Youwen Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhi Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yurong Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Balogh K, Kövesi B, Zándoki E, Kulcsár S, Ancsin Z, Erdélyi M, Dobolyi C, Bata-Vidács I, Inotai K, Szekeres A, Mézes M, Kukolya J. Effect of Sterigmatocystin or Aflatoxin Contaminated Feed on Lipid Peroxidation and Glutathione Redox System and Expression of Glutathione Redox System Regulatory Genes in Broiler Chicken. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E201. [PMID: 31261801 PMCID: PMC6680631 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Authors studied the effect of sterigmatocystin from infected corn (STC), purified sterigmatocystin (PSTC), and aflatoxin B1 from infected corn (AFB1) on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox parameters, including the expression of their encoding genes in a sub-chronic (14 days) trial. A total of 144 three-week-old cockerels was divided into four experimental groups (n = 36 in each). Control feed was contaminated with STC or PSTC (1590 µg STC/kg or 1570.5 µg STC/kg feed), or with AFB1 (149.1 µg AFB1/kg feed). Six birds from each group were sampled at day 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 of mycotoxin exposure. As parameters of lipid peroxidation, conjugated dienes (CD) and trienes (CT) were measured in the liver, while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was determined in blood plasma, red blood cell hemolysate and liver. Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were determined in the same samples, and expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), glutathione synthetase (GSS) and glutathione reductase (GSR) genes was measured by RT-PCR in the liver. STC, PSTC or AFB1 caused a slight, but not significant, increase in CD and CT levels; however, in the case of MDA, no increase was found in the liver. Glutathione redox system was activated in the liver by AFB1, but less markedly by STC/PSTC. PSTC and AFB1 resulted in a higher expression of GPX4, while GSS expression was down-regulated by AFB1 on day 1, but up-regulated by STC on day 2 and by both mycotoxins on day 7. However, on day 14, GSS expression was down-regulated by PSTC. Expression of GSR was low on day 1 in AFB1 and PSTC groups, but later it was up-regulated by AFB1. The observed changes regarding gene expression strengthen the hypothesis that the mild oxidative stress, caused by the applied STC doses, activates the glutathione redox system of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Balogh
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
- Mycotoxins in the Food Chain" Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Kaposvár University-Szent István University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Benjámin Kövesi
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Erika Zándoki
- Mycotoxins in the Food Chain" Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Kaposvár University-Szent István University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Szabina Kulcsár
- Mycotoxins in the Food Chain" Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Kaposvár University-Szent István University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Ancsin
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Márta Erdélyi
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Dobolyi
- Department of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre (NARIC) H-1022 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Bata-Vidács
- Department of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre (NARIC) H-1022 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Inotai
- Department of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre (NARIC) H-1022 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Miklós Mézes
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
- Mycotoxins in the Food Chain" Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Kaposvár University-Szent István University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - József Kukolya
- Department of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre (NARIC) H-1022 Budapest, Hungary.
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Effects of the Dietary Inclusion of Partially Defatted Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens) Meal on the Blood Chemistry and Tissue (Spleen, Liver, Thymus, and Bursa of Fabricius) Histology of Muscovy Ducks ( Cairina moschata domestica). Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9060307. [PMID: 31159282 PMCID: PMC6617073 DOI: 10.3390/ani9060307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Insects represent a promising feed ingredient for poultry diets, as an alternative to conventional feedstuffs. Black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens) larvae are processed to obtain two main products: the protein and fat fractions. The possible utilization of BSF defatted meal in Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata domestica) diets has been poorly investigated. However, its effect on in vivo and post-mortem traits, which are extremely important for animal welfare, has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the present study has evaluated the effect of 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% dietary BSF meal replacement on the in vivo haematological parameters and on the post-mortem organ traits. Overall, the obtained results are encouraging as increasing dietary BSF meal did not impair the growth performance or the haematological traits. Furthermore, both the liver and renal function were unaffected or even improved. The antioxidant picture appeared improved and the histological traits were not influenced by the dietary inclusion of BSF meal. From a productive and biological point of view, the dietary replacement up to 9% of BSF meal in Muscovy duck diet is feasible and BSF meal could represent a promising feed ingredient. Abstract The present study has evaluated the effects of dietary partially-defatted black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens L.) larva meal on the blood parameters, antioxidant status, and histological features of the organs of broiler ducks. A total of 192 female 3-days of age Muscovy ducklings (Cairina moschata domestica) were divided into four dietary treatments (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% BSF meal inclusion; 6 pens/treatment, 8 birds/pen). A total of 12 ducks/treatment (2 birds/pen) were slaughtered at 51 days of age and blood samples were collected to evaluate the haematological traits, serum protein, lipid and minerals, liver and renal function serum enzymes, plasma oxidative enzymes, and metabolites. Liver, spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius samples were submitted to histopathological investigations. Between the serum and plasma traits, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, magnesium, malondialdehyde, and nitrotyrosine showed a linear decrease for increasing amounts of dietary BSF meal (p <0.01); in contrast, the serum iron concentration showed a linear increase (p <0.01). Moreover, the histopathological findings were not significantly affected by the dietary BSF larva meal inclusion. The results showed that the inclusion of up to 9% BSF larva meal represents a promising feed ingredient for Muscovy duck nutrition, and improved blood traits were observed.
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Fouad AM, Ruan D, El-Senousey HK, Chen W, Jiang S, Zheng C. Harmful Effects and Control Strategies of Aflatoxin B₁ Produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus Strains on Poultry: Review. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E176. [PMID: 30909549 PMCID: PMC6468546 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) in poultry diets decreases the hatchability, hatchling weight, growth rate, meat and egg production, meat and egg quality, vaccination efficiency, as well as impairing the feed conversion ratio and increasing the susceptibility of birds to disease and mortality. AFB₁ is transferred from poultry feed to eggs, meat, and other edible parts, representing a threat to the health of consumers because AFB₁ is carcinogenic and implicated in human liver cancer. This review considers how AFB₁ produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus strains can affect the immune system, antioxidant defense system, digestive system, and reproductive system in poultry, as well as its effects on productivity and reproductive performance. Nutritional factors can offset the effects of AFB₁ in poultry and, thus, it is necessary to identify and select suitable additives to address the problems caused by AFB₁ in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Fouad
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Dong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - HebatAllah Kasem El-Senousey
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chuntian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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11
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El-Senousey HK, Chen B, Wang JY, Atta AM, Mohamed FR, Nie QH. Effects of dietary vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on the antioxidant defense system and immune-related gene expression in broilers exposed to oxidative stress by dexamethasone. Poult Sci 2018; 97:30-38. [PMID: 29077914 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are potent nutritional antioxidants, which are important for enhancing immunity. This study compared the effects of supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, or ALA on the antioxidant defense system and the expression of immune-related genes under oxidative stress induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in broilers. In total, 240 one-day-old female Recessive White Rock chickens were assigned randomly to either a basal diet (control group) or basal diet supplemented with vitamin C (200 mg/kg diet), vitamin E (100 mg/kg), or ALA (500 mg/kg) for 28 d starting from hatching. At 21 d of age, birds fed the ALA-supplemented diet had the highest plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) enzyme activities, and the lowest plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) activity, as well as the lowest mRNA gene expression levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor (LITAF). At 23 d of age, the broilers in the 3 treatment groups were injected in the thigh muscle with DEX for 3 alternating days. In addition, the control group was divided into 2 equal groups, in which one was injected with saline and the other was injected with DEX. At 28 d of age, the DEX-ALA group (P < 0.05) had the highest activity levels for T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-PX in the plasma and liver (P < 0.05), and the greatest reduction in the MDA level. Dietary ALA significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of the interleukin 1 β (IL-1β), IL-6, IFN-γ, and LITAF genes compared with the other groups during oxidative stress by DEX. In conclusion, this study suggests that in broilers, ALA is more effective for normalizing the oxidative stress induced by DEX than vitamin C or vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K El-Senousey
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - B Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - J Y Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - A M Atta
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - F R Mohamed
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Q H Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
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12
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Chu YJ, Yang HI, Wu HC, Liu J, Wang LY, Lu SN, Lee MH, Jen CL, You SL, Santella RM, Chen CJ. Aflatoxin B 1 exposure increases the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:711-720. [PMID: 28509392 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The relation between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) and cirrhosis in chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains inconclusive. This case-control study nested in a large community-based cohort aimed to assess the effect of AFB1 exposure on cirrhosis and HCC in chronic HBV carriers. Serum AFB1 -albumin adduct levels at study entry were measured in 232 cirrhosis cases, 262 HCC cases and 577 controls. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using logistic regression. Among all chronic HBV carriers, the time intervals between study entry and diagnosis of HCC, cirrhosis, cirrhotic HCC, and non-cirrhotic HCC were all significantly (p < 0.0001) shorter in participants with high serum levels of AFB1 -albumin adducts than those with low/undetectable levels. There were significant dose-response relations with serum AFB1 -albumin adduct level at study entry for cirrhosis (p-trend = 0.0001) and cirrhotic HCC (p-trend < 0.0001) newly diagnosed within 9 years after entry as well as non-cirrhotic HCC (p-trend = 0.021) newly diagnosed within 4 years after entry. The aORs (95% CIs) for high versus undetectable serum AFB1 -albumin adduct levels were 2.45 (1.51-3.98) for cirrhosis (p = 0.0003), 5.47 (2.20-13.63) for cirrhotic HCC (p = 0.0003), and 5.39 (1.11-26.18) for non-cirrhotic (p = 0.0368) HCC, respectively. There remained a significant dose-response relation between serum AFB1 -albumin adduct level and HCC risk (p-trend = 0.0291) in cirrhosis patients, showing an aOR (95% CI) of 3.04 (1.11-8.30) for high versus undetectable serum levels (p = 0.0299). It is concluded that AFB1 exposure may increase the risk of cirrhosis and HCC in a dose-response manner among chronic HBV carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ju Chu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Jessica Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lan Jen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Lin You
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Sohaib M, Anjum FM, Nasir M, Saeed F, Arshad MS, Hussain S. Alpha-lipoic acid: An inimitable feed supplement for poultry nutrition. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 102:33-40. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sohaib
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Lahore Pakistan
| | - F. M. Anjum
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Lahore Pakistan
| | - M. Nasir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Lahore Pakistan
| | - F. Saeed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - M. S. Arshad
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - S. Hussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; College of Food and Agricultural Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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14
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El-Barbary MI. Detoxification and antioxidant effects of garlic and curcumin in Oreochromis niloticus injected with aflatoxin B₁ with reference to gene expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) by RT-PCR. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:617-629. [PMID: 26590820 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the effects of both garlic and curcumin through evaluating their therapeutic properties as antioxidants on liver and kidney functions, hepatic antioxidants and GPx gene expression against aflatoxicosis of O. niloticus. In total, 180 of tilapia were divided into ten groups; T1 represented the negative control fed on a basal diet, and T2 was injected with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of AFB1 (6 mg/kg b.w.). Fish in T3-T6 were fed on a basal diet supplemented with both garlic (T3 and T4) and curcumin (T5 and T6) at the two concentrations of 10 and 20 g/kg diet, respectively. Fish in T7-T10 groups were injected with AFB1 and fed on the garlic (T7 and T8) and curcumin (T9 and T10) dietaries. The results showed that AFB1 has significant potency for increasing the activity of plasma AST, ALT, creatinine and uric acid values, and hepatic MDA as well as for reducing the concentrations of plasma TP, AL, GL and hepatic activity of TAC, while AFB1 led to up-regulated GPx gene expression when compared to the control (T1). These harmful effects of AFB1 were alleviated due to the garlic and curcumin dietaries in some studied parameters. Garlic reflected the highest induction of gene expression (T7); however, curcumin showed significant down-regulated (T9). These results concluded that the effects of garlic were better than curcumin at the two concentrations and the low concentration of them is more beneficial than the high concentration when it used against AFB1 in O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal I El-Barbary
- Fish Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt.
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15
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Molecular Mechanisms of Lipoic Acid Protection against Aflatoxin B₁-Induced Liver Oxidative Damage and Inflammatory Responses in Broilers. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:5435-47. [PMID: 26694462 PMCID: PMC4690129 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7124879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) was evaluated in this study for its molecular mechanisms against liver oxidative damage and inflammatory responses induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Birds were randomly allocated into four groups with different diets for three weeks: a basal diet, a 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in a basal diet, a diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1, and 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in a diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1. In the AFB1 group, the expression of GSH-PX mRNA was down-regulated (p < 0.05), and the levels of lipid peroxide and nitric oxide were increased (p < 0.05) in the chicken livers compared to those of the control group. Additionally, the mRNA level of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-6 was up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05), the protein expressions of both the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and the inducible nitric oxide synthase were enhanced significantly (p < 0.05) in the AFB1 group. All of these negative effects were inhibited by α-LA. These results indicate that α-LA may be effective in preventing hepatic oxidative stress, down-regulating the expression of hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as inhibiting NF-κB expression.
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16
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Guo Z, Li J, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Gao F, Zhou G. Effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in different stages on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and meat quality in broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2014; 55:635-43. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.958057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Li Y, Ma QG, Zhao LH, Guo YQ, Duan GX, Zhang JY, Ji C. Protective Efficacy of Alpha-lipoic Acid against AflatoxinB1-induced Oxidative Damage in the Liver. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 27:907-15. [PMID: 25050030 PMCID: PMC4093170 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) is not only involved in energy metabolism, but is also a powerful antioxidant that can protect against hepatic oxidative stress induced by some drugs, toxins, or under various physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Here, we investigated the effect of α-LA against liver oxidative damage in broilers exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Birds were randomly divided into four groups and assigned different diets: basal diet, 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in basal diet, diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1, and 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1, for 3 weeks. The results revealed that the addition of 300 mg/kg α-LA protected against the liver function damage of broilers induced by chronic low dose of AFB1 as estimated by a significant (p<0.05) change in levels of plasma total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase and the activities of liver glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase. The histopathological analysis also showed that liver tissues were injured in the AFB1 diet, but this effect was alleviated by the addition of 300 mg/kg α-LA. Additionally, AFB1 induced a profound elevation of oxidative stress in birds, as indicated by an increase in malondialdehyde level, a decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity and a depletion of the glutathione content in the liver. All of these negative effects were inhibited by treatment with α-LA. Our results suggest that the inhibition of AFB1-induced excess production of lipid peroxides and the maintenance of intracellular antioxidant status may play important roles in the protective effects of α-LA against AFB1-induced oxidative damage in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Q G Ma
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L H Zhao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Q Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - G X Duan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - C Ji
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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Zychowski KE, Hoffmann AR, Ly HJ, Pohlenz C, Buentello A, Romoser A, Gatlin DM, Phillips TD. The effect of aflatoxin-B1 on red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) and assessment of dietary supplementation of NovaSil for the prevention of aflatoxicosis. Toxins (Basel) 2013; 5:1555-73. [PMID: 24064717 PMCID: PMC3798873 DOI: 10.3390/toxins5091555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent carcinogen that causes growth stunting, immunosuppression and liver cancer in multiple species. The recent trend of replacing fishmeal with plant-based proteins in fish feed has amplified the AFB1 exposure risk in farm-raised fish. NovaSil (NS), a calcium montmorillonite clay, has previously been shown to reduce AFB1 bioavailability safely and efficaciously in several mammalian species. This study was designed to: (1) evaluate AFB1 impact on cultured red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, over the course of seven weeks; and (2) assess NS supplementation as a strategy to prevent aflatoxicosis. Fish were fed diets containing 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, or 5 ppm AFB1. Two additional treatment groups were fed either 5 ppm AFB1 + 1% NS or 5 ppm AFB1 + 2% NS. Aflatoxin B1 negatively impacted red drum weight gain, survival, feed efficiency, serum lysozyme concentration, hepatosomatic index (HSI), whole-body lipid levels, liver histopathological scoring, as well as trypsin inhibition. NovaSil inclusion in AFB1-contaminated diets improved weight gain, feed efficiency, serum lysozyme concentration, muscle somatic index, and intraperitoneal fat ratios compared to AFB1-treated fish. Although not significant, NS reduced AFB1-induced histopathological changes in the liver and decreased Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) staining. Importantly, NS supplementation improved overall health of AFB1-exposed red drum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Zychowski
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TAMU 4458, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (K.E.Z.); (A.R.H.); (H.J.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TAMU 4458, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (K.E.Z.); (A.R.H.); (H.J.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Hoai J. Ly
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TAMU 4458, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (K.E.Z.); (A.R.H.); (H.J.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Camilo Pohlenz
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M University, 2258 TAMUS, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (C.P.); (A.B.); (D.M.G.)
| | - Alejandro Buentello
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M University, 2258 TAMUS, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (C.P.); (A.B.); (D.M.G.)
- Schillinger Genetics, 4401 Westown Parkway, Suite 225, West Des Moines, IA 50266, USA
| | - Amelia Romoser
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TAMU 4458, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (K.E.Z.); (A.R.H.); (H.J.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Delbert M. Gatlin
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M University, 2258 TAMUS, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (C.P.); (A.B.); (D.M.G.)
| | - Timothy D. Phillips
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TAMU 4458, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: (K.E.Z.); (A.R.H.); (H.J.L.); (A.R.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-979-845-6414; Fax: +1-979-862-4929
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Ma QG, Gao X, Zhou T, Zhao LH, Fan Y, Li XY, Lei YP, Ji C, Zhang JY. Protective effect of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on egg quality, biochemical and histopathological changes in layers exposed to aflatoxin B1. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2852-7. [PMID: 23091142 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 from the fish gut had strong ability to detoxify aflatoxins. The aim of this research was to investigate the protective effect of B. subtilis ANSB060 (ANSB060) on egg quality and biochemical and histopathological changes of liver and kidney in laying hens when exposed to aflatoxin B(1). Treatments (C20, C40, and C60) were prepared by substituting corn contaminated by aflatoxin B(1) (AFB1) at different proportions (20, 40, and 60%) for normal corn in basic diets. The aflatoxin degradation enzyme (E) treatments (E20, E40, and E60) were mixed with the fermentation liquor of ANSB060 with C20, C40, and C60, respectively. The results showed that ANSB060 can improve the eggshell strength in E60 compared with C60 (P ≤ 0.05), and toxin reduced the content of total protein (in groups C20, C40, and C60) and albumin (in C20 and C40; P < 0.05) and heightened the activities of GPT (in C60) and GOT (in C40 and C60) in serum (P < 0.05). In the liver, AFB1 inhibited the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (C40 and C60; P < 0.05) and increased the content of malonaldehyde (in C40 and C60), which induced the damage in the liver and kidney as shown in the photomicrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. The addition of ANSB060 can enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and it recovered the protein synthesis in liver. Moreover, ANSB060 also ameliorated the damage of liver and kidney tissue and restored them to normal. Hence, ANSB060 had the ability to inhibit the damage induced by AFB1; it will have a great potential in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q G Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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