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Loh KM, Kong CKY, Ganapathy S. COVID-19 and its impact on healthcare professionalism: a qualitative study of behaviour among paediatric emergency physicians. Singapore Med J 2024; 65:S30-S34. [PMID: 34717308 PMCID: PMC11073650 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2021170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kent Mun Loh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Catrin Kar Yee Kong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sashikumar Ganapathy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Bughrara MS, Swanberg SM, Lucia VC, Schmitz K, Jung D, Wunderlich-Barillas T. Beyond COVID-19: the impact of recent pandemics on medical students and their education: a scoping review. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2023; 28:2139657. [PMID: 36331873 PMCID: PMC9639463 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2022.2139657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past two years, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has greatly altered medical student education as well as daily life. Medical schools across the world were disrupted and had to immediately adapt the educational experience to the online environment in order to continue the delivery of quality medical education. However, COVID-19 was not the only recent pandemic. This posed the question, were similar disruptions and adaptations also seen in recent past pandemics such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) or Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) that could have prepared medical educators for COVID-19? This scoping review investigated the educational and personal impact of recent pandemics on medical students. METHODS This review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews. Nine databases including PubMed, ERIC, and EMBASE were systematically searched using keywords and subject headings related to medical students and SARS, H1N1, MERS, Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19. Studies were limited to research studies published between 2000 and 2020 and in English. Based on exclusion and inclusion criteria, all studies were independently screened by two reviewers first by the title/abstract and then via full text. Data were extracted from the included studies and analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis. RESULTS A total of 174 studies fit the criteria. Seven major themes emerged from those studies: educational adaptations and online modifications, knowledge and attitudes of students, mental wellness of students, student involvement and use of telehealth, student vaccination, physical wellness of students, and stigma. CONCLUSION This review provided insights into how medical students were affected by recent pandemics and their perceptions of pivoting to online education, mental health, and knowledge of the diseases. Additionally, this review showcases the various educational adaptations that emerged uniquely during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as telehealth services or video conferencing tools, that can be utilized in a post-pandemic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moneb S. Bughrara
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Swanberg
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
- Moustakas Johnson Library, Michigan School of Psychology, Farmington Hills, MI, USA
| | - Victoria C. Lucia
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Keaton Schmitz
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Dawn Jung
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Tracy Wunderlich-Barillas
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
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Seth R, Madathil SA, Siqueira WL, McNally M, Quiñonez CR, Glogauer M, Allison PJ. Validity and reliability of the COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale in Canadian dentists. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:1349-1356. [PMID: 37337746 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a high level of mental health problems for the population worldwide including healthcare workers. Several studies have assessed these using measurements for anxiety for general populations. The COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) is a self-report measure developed to assess maladaptive forms of coping with COVID-19 (avoidance, threat monitoring and worry) among a general adult population in the United States. We used it in a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 incidence rates in practising Canadian dentists. We therefore need to ensure that it is valid for dentists in French and English languages. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the C-19ASS in that population. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the January 2021 monthly follow-up in our prospective cohort study were used. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed. RESULTS The results of EFA revealed a 2-factor structure solution that explained 47% of the total variance. The CFA showed a good model fit on the data in both English and French languages. The Cronbach's alpha indicated acceptable levels of reliability. Furthermore, the C-19ASS showed excellent divergent validity from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. CONCLUSIONS The C-19ASS is valid and reliable instrument to measure COVID-19-related anxiety in English and French among Canadian dentists. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This validated measure will contribute to understanding of the mental health impact of the pandemic on dentists in Canada and enable the dental regulatory authorities and organizations to intervene to help dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Seth
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sreenath A Madathil
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Walter L Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Mary McNally
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Carlos R Quiñonez
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul J Allison
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Al Maqbali M, Madkhali N, Gleason AM, Dickens GL. Fear, stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia related to COVID-19 among undergraduate nursing students: An international survey. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292470. [PMID: 37796791 PMCID: PMC10553289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of COVID-19 has produced unprecedented change in daily life activities leading to major impacts on psychological wellbeing and sleep among individuals worldwide. The study aimed to assess levels of fear, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia among undergraduate nursing students in four countries two years after the start of the pandemic. An international, multi-centre cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted between December 2021 and April 2022. An on-line questionnaire was distributed via Qualtrics® and JISC® software. Instruments included the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Insomnia Severity Index, and a demographics and academic background questionnaire. The independent variables included demographic and academic backgrounds, while fear level, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia were the dependent variables. A total of 918 undergraduate nursing students from KSA, Oman, UK, and UAE were participants in the study. Students presented with stress (91.6%), anxiety (69.1%), depression (59.8%), and insomnia (73.2%). The participants' mean Fear of COVID-19 Scale score was 12.97 (SD = 6.14). There were significant positive relationships between fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Undergraduate nursing students experienced moderate to severe levels of Fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological intervention and peer support are needed to reduce the long-term adverse outcomes of mental health problems and insomnia. It is important to introduce education about crisis management of infectious disease during pandemics into the nursing curriculum to increase student knowledge and improve their preparedness for such emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Geoffrey L. Dickens
- Mental Health Nursing Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Adjunct Professor Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
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Hu Z, Zhu Y, Li J, Liu J, Fu M. The COVID-19 related stress and social network addiction among Chinese college students: A moderated mediation model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290577. [PMID: 37624773 PMCID: PMC10456156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on social cognitive theory and gender differences, this study verified a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between the COVID-19 related stress (CRS) and social network addiction (SNA) and evaluate the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) and the moderating role of gender. A questionnaire survey was conducted, including 702 Chinese university students.This study used PROCESS to test the hypothesis model.The results showed that the CRS significantly and positively affected the SNA of college students and FoMO played a complementary mediating role. Moreover, the analysis of the moderated mediation model showed that gender moderated the relationship between FoMO and SNA; the effect of FoMO was stronger on the SNA of male college students than that of females. The results not only enhanced our understanding of the internal influencing mechanism of the relationship between CRS and SNA but also considered gender differences. In addition, some suggestions were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziao Hu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
| | - Yangli Zhu
- Student Affairs Office, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
| | - Jiafu Liu
- Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China
| | - Maozheng Fu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
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Simegn W, Sisay G, Seid AM, Dagne H. Loneliness and its associated factors among university students during late stage of COVID-19 pandemic: An online cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287365. [PMID: 37410760 PMCID: PMC10325105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a number of psychosocial and emotional catastrophes, including loneliness. The associated lockdowns, reduced social support, and insufficiently perceived interactions are expected to heighten the level of loneliness during the pandemic. However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the level of loneliness and what correlates with loneliness among university students in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVES The general objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of loneliness among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was undertaken. An online data collection tool was distributed to voluntary undergraduate university students. The sampling technique used was snowball sampling. Students were requested to pass the online data collection tool to at least one of their friends to ease data collection. SPSS version 26.0 was used for data analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to report the results. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with loneliness. A P-value less than 0.2 was used to screen variables for the multivariable analysis, and a P-value less than 0.05 was used to declare significance in the final multivariable logistic regression. RESULT A total of 426 study participants responded. Out of the total, 62.9% were males, and 37.1% attended fields related to health. Over three-fourths (76.5%) of the study participants encountered loneliness. Females (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.75; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 3.04), non-health-related departments (AOR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.35), ever encountering sexual harassment (AOR: 3.32; 95% CI: 1.46, 7.53), sleeping problems (AOR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.30), perceived stress (AOR: 6.40; 95% CI: 1.85, 22.19) and poor social support (AOR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.10, 8.87) were significantly associated with loneliness. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION A significant proportion of students were victims of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being female, working in non-health-related fields, having sleeping problems, encountering sexual harassment, perceived stress, and poor social support were significantly associated with loneliness. Interventions to reduce loneliness should focus on related psychosocial support to reduce stress, sleeping disturbances, and poor social support. A special focus should also be given to female students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wudneh Simegn
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Sisay
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Henok Dagne
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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McMillan K, Akoo C, Catigbe-Cates A. New Graduate Nurses Navigating Entry to Practice in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Can J Nurs Res 2023; 55:78-90. [PMID: 36635915 PMCID: PMC9843155 DOI: 10.1177/08445621221150946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted organizational life for nurses, with known physical and psychological impacts. New graduate nurses are a subset of nurses with unique needs and challenges as they transition into their registered nurse roles. However, this subset of nurses has yet to be explored in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. PURPOSE To explore the experiences of new graduate nurses entering the profession in Ontario, Canada, during the Covid-19 pandemic approximately one year after entering the profession. METHODS Thorne's interpretive description method was utilized. FINDINGS All participants identified as completing second entry nursing programs, offering a unique perspective on new graduate nurse transition. Four themes emerged in the data: 'Virtual Didn't Cut It,' 'Go Where You Know,' 'Picking Up the Pieces,' and 'Learning When to Say No and Let Go.' Participants felt ill prepared to enter the profession and were cognizant of the various challenges facing the nursing profession, and how these pre-existing challenges were exacerbated by the pandemic. They acknowledged the need to protect themselves against burnout and poor mental health, and as such, made calculated early career decisions - demonstrating strong socio-political knowing. Half of the participants had already left their first nursing job; citing unmet orientation, mental health, and wellbeing needs. However, all participants were steadfast in remaining in the nursing profession. CONCLUSIONS Second entry new graduate nurses remain a unique subset of nurses that require more scholarly attention as their transition experiences may differ from the traditional trajectory of new graduate nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim McMillan
- School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada,Kim McMillan, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Chaman Akoo
- School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Reverté-Villarroya S, Gil-Mateu E, Sauras-Colón E, Barceló-Prats J, Albacar-Riobóo N, Ortega L. Stressor Factors for Spanish Nursing Students in a Pandemic Context: An Observational Pilot Survey. NURSING REPORTS 2022; 12:708-716. [PMID: 36278763 PMCID: PMC9589935 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep12040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The context of the pandemic in Spain meant a high demand for care. The purpose of this pilot work was to determine the stress factors, conducted on final-year nursing students at a Spanish university, who volunteered to carry out healthcare tasks, in pandemic and post-pandemic contexts. METHODS An observational prospective cohort pilot survey was conducted with an intentional sampling of the forty-seven students. We collected sociodemographic and stressor data using the validated KEZKAK questionnaire. The STROBE checklist was used to evaluate the study. RESULTS The median scores obtained from nursing students incorporated as auxiliary health workers are lower than those who were not incorporated, and statistically significant differences were found: lack of skills and abilities (p = 0.016); relationship with tutors and colleagues (p = 0.004); impotence and uncertainty (p = 0.011); inability to manage the relationship with the patient (p = 0.009); emotional involvement (p = 0.032); distress caused by the relationship with patients and item overload (p = 0.039); and overload items (p = 0.011). The post-pandemic only maintained "lack of skill and abilities" (p = 0.048), from nursing students incorporated as auxiliary health workers. CONCLUSION This pilot study showed that nursing students who joined as auxiliary health personnel presented less perceived stress than non-incorporated nursing students. Still, more prospectively designed clinical research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Reverté-Villarroya
- Department of Nursing, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43500 Tarragona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Hospital Verge de la Cinta de Tortosa, 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | - Elsa Gil-Mateu
- Department of Nursing, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43500 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Esther Sauras-Colón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Hospital Verge de la Cinta de Tortosa, 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Ortega
- Department of Nursing, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43500 Tarragona, Spain
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Pfeifer J, Egger A, Hughes M, Tondl L, High R, Nelson KL. An investigation of stress and anxiety among health professions students in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF INTERPROFESSIONAL EDUCATION & PRACTICE 2022; 28:100531. [PMID: 35814868 PMCID: PMC9249993 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjep.2022.100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Early studies during the COVID-19 pandemic identify the dissonance between feeling anxious about contracting the illness and the innate desire to serve the sick, as a main stressor for students. Purpose The purpose of this study is to better understand psychological stress and self-reported wellness of Physician Assistant (PA), Physical Therapy (PT), dental, and medical students during the early portions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We utilized the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) together with additional questions to assess self-perceived stress, anxiety, and wellness of healthcare students. Discussion There were no significant differences in PSS between professions. As PSS increased (indicating more stress), the odds of answering “worse” versus “same” or “better” to descriptions of anxiety level increased (OR: 2.318). Conclusion Student survey respondents experienced similar levels of perceived stress throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Institutions should consider students’ perceived levels of stress and the many aspects of student wellness that may have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Poma M, Al Amri F, Tawse‐Smith A, Ma S. How are you coping with the COVID-19 pandemic? Survey of undergraduate dental students' well-being during an unexpected global event. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:459-467. [PMID: 34543521 PMCID: PMC8652817 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic has led to major life changes including suspension of dental education programmes worldwide. The impact of this unexpected disruption in clinical teaching needs to be assessed. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 restriction measures on the undergraduate dental students' perception regarding their physical, mental and social well-being as well as financial stress and anxiety for their future careers. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic questionnaire (Qualtrics, Provo, Utah, USA) with main themes (general well-being, academic stressors, financial implications and dental career concerns) related to the COVID-19 lockdown was sent to the undergraduate dental students at the University Of Otago, New Zealand. Participants were asked to rank their answers according to a 5-level Likert scale (strongly disagreed-strongly agreed). Other questions included demographic, fee-paying status and living situation. RESULTS There were 301 out of 376 students who responded to the survey. Generally, the students perceived that the COVID-19 restrictions affected their behavioural and social well-being (3.20 ± 0.75) and less impact on their physical (2.75 ± 0.82) and psychological (2.79 ± 0.62) well-being. Students were significantly worried about their academic work and future careers (3.41 ± 1.20), but less concerned with their financial situation (2.74 ± 1.14). CONCLUSIONS The study provides valuable information on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate dental students, and areas that the University should consider when providing support to the affected students. It is important that the University is proactive and prepared to deal with future pandemics effectively and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malosi Poma
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Firas Al Amri
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | | | - Sunyoung Ma
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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Psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students in the United States of America. Psychiatry Res 2022; 313:114595. [PMID: 35580431 PMCID: PMC9059342 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the early psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on United States medical students when compared to graduate students in fields unrelated to healthcare using the perceived stress scale (PSS-10) and the perceived COVID-19-related risk scale (PCRS). This was a cross-sectional study between May and June 2020. We created an anonymous, online questionnaire that was administered to medical students nationwide and local graduate students. We used Student's t-test, Chi-square test, and regression models. We received 425 completed responses. Contrary to similar stress levels in graduate students, medical students on average experienced significantly more stress after coursework suspension than before (20.6 vs 14.7). Female gender and a mental illness diagnosis were associated with statistically significantly elevated PSS-10 scores before and after suspension in medical students. Medical students reported a low PCRS score. Most medical students were confident in their department's infection control measures and willing to report to work. Female gender and a mental illness diagnosis remain two important risk factors for medical students' stress levels during the pandemic. This study highlights the need to foster students' public health competency and safely involve students as non-frontline workers in public health emergency responses for their mental wellbeing.
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Gül U, Altuntaş D, Efe E. A year and a half later: Clinical experiences of intern nursing students in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A constructivist grounded theory. Nurse Educ Pract 2022; 63:103381. [PMID: 35717729 PMCID: PMC9194461 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study is to develop a theory to explore the clinical experiences of interns in clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious public health problem influencing the healthcare systems worldwide. Nursing students were excluded from clinical practice for a long time due to the pandemic. However, the prolonged and uncertain pandemic conditions required the inclusion of fourth-year nursing students in clinical practice. Design A qualitative research design based on the Constructivist Grounded Theory approach was used in this study. Methods The research data were collected from fourth-year nursing students doing an internship at a university hospital in Turkey. Fourteen nursing students (12 females and 2 males) in the clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic with a mean age of 22.64 ± 0.225 were included in the study. In the collection of data, firstly, the purposeful sample selection method, then the theoretical sample selection method was used. On the online interview platform, the data were collected through individual interviews with those agreeing to participate in the study between July 2021 and August 2021 using a semi-structured interview form. The results were analyzed with initial, focused and theoretical coding. The research was reported based on the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guide. Results A core category and five main categories emerged in the study. The core category is a lonely bird and the main categories are emotions, challenges, coping methods, nursing experiences and solution suggestions. Conclusions This research can help create a conceptual framework of clinical practice experiences of intern nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is thought that intern nursing students need to be supported by reliable authorities before and during the internship. Intern students stated that they experienced many emotions together and felt alone. Our study results revealed that intern nurses need more psychological support, especially during the pandemic period. A remarkable finding of the research is that interns now think of themselves as professional nurses. For interns to develop effective coping methods, intensive and regular training should be organized in cooperation with the hospital and school administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Gül
- Child Health Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Altuntaş
- Child Health Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Emine Efe
- Child Health Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
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Toprak ME, Tunc SK. COVID-19 pandemic and emergency remote education practices: Effects on dentistry students. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:621-629. [PMID: 35593604 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1564_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused not only viral infection-related deaths, but also uncontrollable psychological problems and anxiety in different parts of society. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in adaption of a comprehensive online education period that has not been previously experienced in modern education. Aim This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate dental students' experiences with emergency remote education practices, related levels of anxiety, and sociodemographic factors affecting anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Methods This study was conducted during the period when social isolation measures were applied at the maximum level and face-to-face education was suspended in all dentistry faculties in Turkey due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic data and anxiety experienced by dental students were investigated using an online questionnaire. The anxiety levels were evaluated by using a 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and attitudes of the students toward distance education were determined using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Results The study included 2.290 students. A total of 76.46% of these students attended to emergency remote education practices provided by their faculty. While 66.7% of students were satisfied with the transition process of their faculty to distance education, 18.4% of them found emergency remote learning to be completely unsuccessful. Mean PSS-10 score was 24.68 ± 6.74 and 94.8% of the students experienced moderate-to-high anxiety during the process. The compulsory and emergency remote education was found to significantly increase anxiety in private university students compared to public university students (P = 0.03) and in those students with low family income than the moderate and high ones (P = 0.01). There was a significant relationship between PSS-10 levels and students' anxiety about their academic performance, career plans, transition process to distance education, and their desire to continue remote theoretical online educations. The increase in these aforementioned parameters significantly decreased PSS-10 scores (P = 0.000). Conclusions The emergency online remote education practices during the COVID-19 pandemic caused anxiety in dentistry students. It is expected that only distance education practices would be insufficient, and blended education models consisting of distance and face-to-face practices should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Toprak
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S K Tunc
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Dentistry, Van, Turkey
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14
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Development and Evaluation of the Altered Student Study Environment Tool: A Tool to Measure Nursing Student Concerns Relating to Academic Progression During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nurs Educ Perspect 2022; 43:147-151. [PMID: 35385428 DOI: 10.1097/01.nep.0000000000000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid alterations to study environments during COVID-19 raised concerns for nursing students about their academic progression. AIM The study aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Altered Student Study Environment Tool (ASSET) and the relationship between students' concerns, demographics, COVID-19-related knowledge, and communication received from the university. METHOD The 11-item ASSET and investigator-developed questions were administered to prelicensure nursing students using an anonymous online survey. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 234 students. Exploratory factor analysis supported a three-factor structure, namely, attending clinical placement, completion of clinical placement, and grade attainment. Students with higher scores on knowledge had significantly lower concerns for the subscale attending clinical placement. Full-time students had significantly higher concerns for the subscale completion of clinical placement. CONCLUSION The ASSET is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to measure concerns relating to the effects of altered study environments on academic progression.
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15
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Roldán-Merino J, Hurtado-Pardos B, Molina-Raya L, Bande D, Casas I, Farrés-Tarafa M. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing students in the first wave: A cross-sectional survey. Nurs Open 2022; 9:2003-2012. [PMID: 35355432 PMCID: PMC9190679 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychological impact on nursing students at the end of period of confinement during the first wave of the COVID‐19 outbreak in Spain. Design A cross‐sectional study reported in line with the STROBE guidelines. Methods Nursing students were invited to complete an online questionnaire at the end of the 2019–2020 academic year using convenience sampling. The questionnaire collected data on sociodemographic factors, work, and life experiences in relation to COVID‐19, habits and lifestyle using the World Health Organization Five Well‐Being Index (WHO‐5) and the Generalized Anxiety disorder‐7 scale. Variables related to anxiety were analysed using multiple lineal regression analysis, Results The prevalence of low psychological well‐being in the 203 students was 44.3% and of anxiety 55.7%. In the multivariate analysis the variables associated with anxiety were having worked in the pandemic, having had symptoms of COVID‐19 and having been afraid of getting infected. Conclusions The levels of anxiety due to the COVID‐19 pandemic in nursing students have been high, and levels of psychological well‐being have been low. The fact of having worked during the pandemic, having had symptoms compatible with COVID‐19 or being afraid of getting infected are associated with the highest scores for anxiety. Relevance to clinical practice This study gives more evidence on the psychological impact on nursing students during the first wave of the pandemic in Spain. This can be used to design anxiety management programmes for inclusion into teaching syllabuses. It also gives arguments for the setting up of psychological and emotional support services for these students and other healthcare professionals working during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Roldán-Merino
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu - Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group GEIMAC (Consolidated Group 2017-1681): Group of Studies of Invarianza of the Instruments of Measurement and Analysis of Change in the Social and Health Areas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Hurtado-Pardos
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu - Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain.,Member Research Group GRIN (Grupo consolidado de recerca Infermeria, SRG:664), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Molina-Raya
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu - Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Bande
- Servicio Anestesiología, Reanimación y Tratamiento del dolor. Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irma Casas
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital Germans Tris i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mariona Farrés-Tarafa
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu - Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain.,Member Research Group GRISIMula (Grupo emergente 2017 SGR 531; Grupo en Recerca Enfermera en Simulación), Barcelona, Spain.,Secretaria Research Group GRISCA (Grupo en Recerca Enfermera en Simulación en Cataluña y Andorra), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Juneja R, Sikka N, Kumar V, Chahal S, Arora M, Middha M, Singhal R. Factors causing stress in postgraduate dental students during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 18:92. [PMID: 35003557 PMCID: PMC8672131 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.330873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the academic and clinical training of postgraduate dental students. This study aimed to assess various factors causing psychological stress in them, and the extent of stress perception during pandemic. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 250 postgraduate students from nine dental colleges of Haryana and National Capital Region, India, responded to an online questionnaire sent electronically to them in September 2020, which included modified dental environment stress (DES) score, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and questions regarding COVID-associated stress (CAS). Students already diagnosed with any psychiatric disorder or having a history of any major adverse event during the last 6 months likely to affect their psychological health were excluded from this study. The data obtained were analyzed using Chi-square test, Independent t-test, univariate ANOVA with post hoc tests, Pearson moment correlation, and multiple hierarchical regression tests. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: DES score was moderate for 48.8% and high for 34.4% of the participants. PSS was moderate for 69.2% and high for 18.8% of the participants. The most stressful factor in dental environment was the pattern of university examination, while the most stressful factor specific to COVID-19 was the fear of family members contracting the infection. PSS score was significantly higher in female participants. DES and CAS scores were significantly higher in students staying in hostels. Multiple hierarchical regression model depicted gender, mean health, and DES score as significant predictors of PSS. Conclusion: Postgraduate dental students reported the adverse impact of COVID-19 pandemic upon their training and prospects as a reason for the increase in stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Juneja
- Department of Dentistry, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Neha Sikka
- Department of Dental Materials, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Varun Kumar
- Department of Dentistry, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Savita Chahal
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Mayank Arora
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Mitali Middha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Ruchi Singhal
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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17
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Masha'al D, Shahrour G, Aldalaykeh M. Anxiety and coping strategies among nursing students returning to university during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08734. [PMID: 35036610 PMCID: PMC8743794 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the continued expand of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nursing students are returning to on-campus learning and training in clinical settings. The COVID-19 pandemic might constitute a new source of anxiety that increases the already high anxiety levels of nursing students. This study aimed to assess the COVID-19 infection-related anxiety and coping strategies among nursing students returning to university campuses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 282 nursing students who returned to campus during the summer semester of the academic year 2019/2020. The returning students were invited to complete an online questionnaire consisting of three parts: 1) sociodemographic variables and infection-related information, 2) the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) Scale, and 3) the Brief-Coping Behavior Questionnaire (Brief-COPE). RESULTS Of the participating students, 70.6% reported mild to severe anxiety levels. Female students and students who had fears of becoming infected with COVID-19 were found to be at higher risk of anxiety than were other students. A positive correlation was found between students' anxiety levels and their dysfunctional coping strategies, which included denial, behavioral disengagement, venting, and self-blame. Students who had chosen to study nursing willingly used coping planning. Further, other sociodemographic variables and infection-related information were associated with dysfunctional and emotion-focused coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS The participating nursing students showed significant COVID-19-related anxiety upon returning to on-campus learning. Unfortunately, the students were found to use some dysfunctional coping strategies which were associated with increased levels of anxiety. The results highlight the important role of universities and nursing faculty members in supporting students emotionally and ensuring their personal safety inside the classroom and in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Masha'al
- Adult Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing/WHO Collaborating Center, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ghada Shahrour
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing/ WHO Collaborating Center, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Aldalaykeh
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing/ WHO Collaborating Center, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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18
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Liao X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Jiang J, Li Y, Zhang W. Mental burden among Chinese undergraduate medical students: A prospective longitudinal study before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:982469. [PMID: 36276316 PMCID: PMC9582608 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicated a clear association between COVID-19 pandemic and mental health. This study aimed to assess the dynamic change of mental burden during and after the COVID-19 outbreak and related predictive factors among Chinese undergraduate medical students. METHODS This longitudinal survey was conducted among Chinese undergraduate medical students before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak. We focused on COVID-19 related mental burdens including psychological distress, stress reaction, and insomnia symptoms, and defined the sum score of the three specific mental burden indexes as the overall mental burden index. The prevalence of specific and overall mental burdens and their changing patterns at two phases of the pandemic (during vs. after the COVID-19 outbreak) were measured. In addition, multinomial logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between the psychosocial status before the pandemic and specific and overall mental burden changing patterns. RESULTS Our findings showed that the prevalence of overall mental burden increased (from 27.46 to 37.28%) after the COVID-19 outbreak among the 863 Chinese undergraduate medical students who participated in the surveys at baseline, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Specifically, the prevalence of stress reaction symptoms decreased (from 10.90 to 3.60%), while the rates of psychological distress (from 28.06 to 37.95%) and insomnia symptoms (from 12.54 to 20.71%) increased. Participants, with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatic symptoms, internet addiction, childhood adversity, stressful life events, and being neurotic were found to have a higher risk of developing mental burden in at least one survey (during or after the COVID-19 outbreak). Healthy family function and being extravert were found to positively impact mental burden. CONCLUSION Psychological distress, stress reaction and insomnia symptoms have been prevalent among Chinese undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak, and the prevalence of overall mental burden increased after the COVID-19 outbreak. Some students, especially those with the risk factors noted above, exhibited persistent or progression symptoms. Continued mental health care was in demand for them even after the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Simai Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Qin S, Zhou M, Ding Y. Risk Perception Measurement and Influencing Factors of COVID-19 in Medical College Students. Front Public Health 2021; 9:774572. [PMID: 34888289 PMCID: PMC8650634 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.774572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In China, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been under control and entered the normal prevention and control stage. For medical college students, many studies have analyzed their knowledge, risk perception, and prevention behaviors of COVID-19, but only a few pieces of research explore the content structure of COVID-19 risk perception and the influencing factors. This study measured the students' risk perception of COVID-19 and its dimensions and analyzed the influencing factors of risk perception among them. Methods: The online questionnaire survey was conducted at Hangzhou Medical College in Zhejiang Province among undergraduates and junior college students. A scale was formulated to precisely measure and analyze the COVID-19 risk perception among medical college students. The factors affecting the COVID-19 risk perception in medical college students were analyzed using the multivariate linear regression model. Results: A total of 810 medical students participated in the survey. Results show that COVID-19 risk perception among medical college students was divided into four dimensions: perceived health threat, perceived severity, perceived controllability, and perceived infection possibility. The results showed that income, education, major, and COVID-19 knowledge were the important factors affecting the COVID-19 risk perception of medical college students. Related factors have different influences on the various dimensions of COVID-19 risk perception. COVID-19 knowledge was significantly related to all dimensions of risk perception. Conclusion: This study evaluates the content structure of medical college students' risk perception of COVID-19 precisely and related influencing factors. It is necessary to grasp the risk perception, prevention, and control behaviors of medical college students of different backgrounds, education levels, and majors. Further knowledge training should be conducted for students majoring in clinical medicine, especially the pandemic prevention and control measure training to enhance their sense of security at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangren Qin
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Ding
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Wynter K, Redley B, Holton S, Manias E, McDonall J, McTier L, Hutchinson AM, Kerr D, Lowe G, Phillips NNM, Rasmussen B. Depression, anxiety and stress among Australian nursing and midwifery undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh 2021; 18:ijnes-2021-0060. [PMID: 34889085 DOI: 10.1515/ijnes-2021-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess depression, anxiety and stress among undergraduate nursing and midwifery students during the COVID-19 pandemic, and identify socio-demographic and educational characteristics associated with higher depression, anxiety and stress scores. METHODS Cross-sectional study during August-September 2020, using an anonymous, online, self-administered survey. E-mail invitations with a survey link were sent to 2,907 students enrolled in the Bachelor of Nursing suite of courses, offered across four campuses of a single university in Victoria, Australia. Depression, anxiety and stress were assessed using the DASS-21. Data on socio-demographic and educational characteristics, self-rated physical health and exposure to COVID-19 were also collected. DASS-21 subscale scores were compared with existing data for various pre-pandemic and COVID-19 samples. Multiple regression was used to investigate factors associated with higher scores on depression, anxiety and stress subscales. RESULTS The response rate was 22% (n=638). Mean scores on all DASS-21 subscales were significantly higher (p<0.001) than means from all comparative sample data. The proportions of students reporting moderate to severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were 48.5%, 37.2% and 40.2% respectively. Being a woman, being younger, having completed more years of study and having poorer self-rated general health were all significantly associated (p<0.05) with higher scores on at least one DASS-21 subscale. CONCLUSIONS Almost half of participants reported at least moderate symptoms of depression; more than a third reported at least moderate symptoms of anxiety or stress. Poor psychological wellbeing can impact students' successful completion of their studies and therefore, has implications for nursing and midwifery workforce recruitment and retention. During and after pandemics, universities should consider screening undergraduate students not only for anxiety and stress, but also for depression. Clear, low-cost referral pathways should be available, should screening indicate that further diagnosis or treatment is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wynter
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Western Health Partnership, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Bernice Redley
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Monash Health, VIC, Australia
| | - Sara Holton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Western Health Partnership, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Manias
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jo McDonall
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren McTier
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison M Hutchinson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Monash Health, VIC, Australia
| | - Debra Kerr
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Grainne Lowe
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole Nikki M Phillips
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Bodil Rasmussen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,The Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Western Health Partnership, St Albans, VIC, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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21
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Pelissier C, Viale M, Berthelot P, Poizat B, Massoubre C, Tiffet T, Fontana L. Factors Associated with Psychological Distress in French Medical Students during the COVID-19 Health Crisis: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412951. [PMID: 34948562 PMCID: PMC8701192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of psychological distress in medical students during the COVID-19 health crisis and to identify factors associated with psychological distress. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was presented to 1814 medical students (from first to sixth year) in a French university hospital center. Sociodemographic, occupational and medical information (psychological distress measured on the French GHQ12 scale) were collected via an online anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Variables associated with psychological distress were investigated using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis (modified Poisson regression). RESULTS In total, 832 medical students responded (46%) and 699 completed the questionnaire in full (39%); 625 (75%) showed signs of psychological distress and 109 (15%) reported suicidal ideation. Female gender, psychological trauma during the COVID-19 health crisis, change in alcohol consumption, and difficulties with online learning emerged as risk factors for psychological distress, whereas a paid activity, a feeling of mutual aid and cooperation within the studies framework, and recognition of work appeared to be protective factors. CONCLUSIONS Mental health care or suicide prevention should be provided to students at risk in the aftermath of the pandemic. Knowing the educational and medical factors associated with psychological distress enables areas for prevention to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Pelissier
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, Univ St Etienne, University Gustave Eiffel-IFSTARR, UMRESTTE, UMR_T9405, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
- Occupational Health Service, University Hospital Center of Saint-Etienne, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Manon Viale
- Occupational Health Service, University Hospital Center of Saint-Etienne, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Philippe Berthelot
- Infection Control Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France;
- Preventive Medicine Department, Jean Monnet University, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Brigitte Poizat
- Preventive Medicine Department, Jean Monnet University, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Catherine Massoubre
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center of Saint-Etienne, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Theophile Tiffet
- Public Health Service, University Hospital Center of Saint-Etienne, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Luc Fontana
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, Univ St Etienne, University Gustave Eiffel-IFSTARR, UMRESTTE, UMR_T9405, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
- Occupational Health Service, University Hospital Center of Saint-Etienne, 42005 Saint-Etienne, France;
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22
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Leong Bin Abdullah MFI, Mansor NS, Mohamad MA, Teoh SH. Quality of life and associated factors among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048446. [PMID: 34620656 PMCID: PMC8507402 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and determine its association with various factors and social support among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic after the end of movement lockdown. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This online cross-sectional study recruited 316 participants. The inclusion criteria were students 18 years and above who were registered with the faculties of medicine at Malaysian public universities located in Klang Valley and in the states of Penang and Kelantan in Peninsular Malaysia. The exclusion criteria were those who presented with psychotic disorders, bipolar mood disorder or a history of illicit drugs. OUTCOME MEASURES Participants were administered a self-reported questionnaire to gather data on demographic, personal, clinical and psychological characteristics. The questionnaire comprised of the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the WHO Quality of Life- Brief Version (WHOQoL-BREF). RESULTS The psychological and social QoL scores were lower than the non-pandemic norms of the general population, while the physical health and environmental QoL scores were comparable. After adjusting for relevant demographic, personal and clinical variables, religious coping, greater number of hours of online classes attended, and greater social support from family, friends and significant others were significantly associated with higher QoL among the participants. Frustration due to study disruption, living in areas with a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases, and a higher severity of depressive and stress symptoms were significantly associated with lower QoL. CONCLUSION COVID-19 impaired the QoL of university students even after the movement lockdown was lifted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nor Shuhada Mansor
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Afifuddin Mohamad
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
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23
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Haughey D, Vaughn J, Kalman M. Stronger Together: The Student Experience During the Onset of COVID-19. J Nurs Educ 2021; 60:517-521. [PMID: 34467813 DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20210708-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on nursing students. The Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis qualitative approach was used to analyze alternative assignments added during the Spring and Summer 2020 courses. Participants included nursing students at the baccalaureate, master, and doctoral levels. RESULTS Stress and anxiety emerged as the prevalent theme. Fear was the second most prevalent theme; however, no doctoral students cited fear as a concern. All three cohorts cited a sense of duty and dedication to patient care. CONCLUSIONS All of the participants reported similar concerns and emotions that influenced them at the onset of the pandemic. Baccalaureate students' emotions were associated with concerns about working conditions and the safety of themselves and loved ones. The master of nursing students' emotions were reflective of the moral and ethical components of patient care. The doctoral students embodied the transition to advanced nursing practice and implications for future practice. [J Nurs Educ. 2021;60(9):517-521.].
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24
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Seong M. Korean Nursing Students' Emotional Response Types to Pandemic: Application of Q-Methodology. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1080. [PMID: 34442217 PMCID: PMC8393489 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9081080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the emotional responses of nursing students to the COVID-19 pandemic and the characteristics of these responses using the Q-methodology. The focus of the Q-methodology is to discover research participants' subjective viewpoints. In May 2021, 50 Korean nursing students from first year to fourth year were selected to participate in the study, and data were collected by asking them to classify 37 selected Q-statements in a normal distribution on a 9-point scale. In the final analysis, a P-sample of 38 nursing students was used. The emotional responses of the Korean nursing students were categorized into four types: self-protection (Type 1), pessimism about the current situation (Type 2), realistic optimism (Type 3), and developmental-seeking (Type 4). The four factors accounted for 39% of the total variance. The individual explanatory powers of the four factors were 8%, 12%, 13%, and 6%, respectively. Thus, the study explored the subjectivity of emotional responses of Korean nursing students to the pandemic. The study recommends considering the results for intervention programs that are designed to prepare nursing students for future health crises and pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihyeon Seong
- Department of Nursing, Changshin University, Changwon 51352, Korea
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Hamadi HY, Zakari NMA, Jibreel E, AL Nami FN, Smida JAS, Ben Haddad HH. Stress and Coping Strategies among Nursing Students in Clinical Practice during COVID-19. NURSING REPORTS 2021; 11:629-639. [PMID: 34968338 PMCID: PMC8608122 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep11030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is common among nursing students and it has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined nursing students' stress levels and their coping strategies in clinical practice before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A repeated-measures study design was used to examine the relationship between nursing students' stress levels and coping strategies before and during the pandemic. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to validate the survey and a student T-test was used to compare the level of stress and coping strategies among 131 nursing students. The STROBE checklist was used. During COVID-19, there was a reliable and accurate relationship between stress and coping strategies. Furthermore, both stress and coping strategy scores were lower before COVID-19 and higher during COVID-19. Nursing students are struggling to achieve a healthy stress-coping strategy during the pandemic. There is a need for the introduction of stress management programs to help foster healthy coping skills. Students are important resources for our health system and society and will continue to be vital long term. It is now up to both nursing educators and health administrators to identify and implement the needed improvements in training and safety measures because they are essential for the health of the patient as well as future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Y Hamadi
- Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Nazik M. A. Zakari
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Ebtesam Jibreel
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Faisal N. AL Nami
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Jamel A. S. Smida
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Hedi H. Ben Haddad
- Department of Finance and Investment, College of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia;
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Bsoul EA, Challa SN, Loomer PM. Multifaceted impact of COVID-19 on dental practice: American dental care professionals prepared and ready during unprecedented challenges. J Am Dent Assoc 2021; 153:132-143. [PMID: 34763816 PMCID: PMC8520822 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the multifaceted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental practices and their readiness to resume dental practice during arduous circumstances. Methods The authors distributed an observational survey study approved by The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Institutional Review Board to dental care practitioners and their office staff members using Qualtrics XM software. The survey was completed anonymously. The authors analyzed the data using R statistical computing software, χ2 test, and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results Nearly all participants (98%) felt prepared to resume dental practice and were confident of the safety precautions (96%). Only 21% of dentists felt the COVID-19 pandemic changed their dental treatment protocols, with at least two-thirds agreeing that precautions would influence their efficiency adversely. Although most participants were satisfied with the resources their dental practice provided for support during the pandemic (95%), most were concerned about the impact on their general health and safety (77%) and to their dental practice (90%), found working during the pandemic difficult (≈ 60%), and agreed there are challenges and long-term impacts on the dental profession (> 75%). Conclusions Dental care professionals, although affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and at high risk of developing COVID-19, were prepared to resume dental practice during most challenging circumstances. Practical Implications The pandemic has affected dental care practitioners substantially; thus, there is need to formulate psychological interventions and safety precautions to mitigate its impact. Further research should evaluate the long-term effects on dentistry and oral health and interceptive measures for better communication and programming around future challenges.
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Link T, Laham K, Hubbell S, Baisden P. Reflections of Family Nurse Practitioner Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. J Nurs Educ 2021; 60:449-452. [PMID: 34346808 DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20210722-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand family nurse practitioner (FNP) students' academic experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, faculty developed an online reflective discussion board assignment. The richness of the responses prompted faculty to gather data and analyze themes. METHOD The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of FNP students regarding the impact of COVID-19 on their academic experience. Participants were asked to answer four open-ended questions in a discussion board to address the research question. Responses of consenting students were analyzed qualitatively using open, axial, and selective coding. RESULTS Four main themes emerged: worry and fear, cyclical stress, mitigation of stress, and personal growth of resilience and empathy. Students emphasized that faculty support strategies mitigated stress and anxiety. CONCLUSION Understanding students' experience is crucial to facilitating academic success. Faculty in similar situations could better support their students through clear communication, and providing flexibility and opportunities for self-reflection. [J Nurs Educ. 2021;60(8):449-452.].
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Sharif SP. UK medical students graduating early to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Med 2021; 51:1951. [PMID: 32404211 PMCID: PMC7225210 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720001488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shazia P. Sharif
- Honorary Consultant Paediatric Surgeon, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1FR, UK
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Bachir B, Naji A, Tfayli A. The educational and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students: A descriptive survey at the American University of Beirut. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26646. [PMID: 34260565 PMCID: PMC8284702 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The SARS- CoV-2 virus has been a public health crisis since its emergence in 2019. It has affected nearly all aspects of life. Education has been particularly hit, and a lot of effort has been put to implement more and more virtual platforms through online classes, meetings and conferences. Medical education has also been affected, especially because of the need for hands-on education, specifically in the clinical setting of the last 2 years. This had a huge psychological impact on the medical students currently enrolled in medical schools around the globe.In this descriptive study, we sent all medical students at the American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine (AUBFM) an online anonymous survey by email. The survey started with general questions (age, gender and medical school year), followed by 3 sections that contain questions pertaining to the attitudes of medical students towards clinical rotations and online classes. Data was then analyzed using SPSSv24 and was then reported as percentages.Students were almost equally divided among the medical school classes (Med 1, 2, 3, and 4). The majority of clinical students (Med 3 and Med 4) reported that they feel nervous during their rotations in the hospital. Moreover, they reported that they have increased their use of disinfectants and personal protective equipment since the emergence of the pandemic. Moreover, the majority of medical students reported that they feel more stressed after shifting to online classes. Medical students also reported that they would be willing to go back to on-campus classes.This study aimed at describing the response of medical students at AUBFM to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of stress. Limited data exists in the literature concerning the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students in the middle East. Medical students reported that they feel more stressed and nervous during their clinical rotations and after the shift to online education, affecting their academic and social life. Further studies using a larger sample size are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bachir Bachir
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amal Naji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Arafat Tfayli
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Banstola B, Shakya N, Sharma P. Anxiety among Nursing Students towards Clinical Placement during COVID-19 in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021; 59:542-546. [PMID: 34508411 PMCID: PMC8369559 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.6132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The world is facing the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the corona virus since December 2019 and has caused millions of death throughout the world. Exposure of nursing students in clinical placement during pandemic is fearful and stressful with high risk of infection which can cause anxiety and different levels of psychological crisis to individuals. The main objective of the study is to find out the prevalence of anxiety among nursing students during clinical placement in the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 144 nursing students enrolled in different clinical placement of a tertiary hospital of Nepal from 20th January 2021 to 2nd February 2021. Ethical approval was received from the Institutional Review Committee. Demographic, COVID-19 related and Beck Anxiety Inventory questionnaires was used for assessing anxiety. Whole sampling was done. Descriptive statistics was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 2016 version. Results: Out of 144 females enrolled in the study, all the nursing students 144 (100%) having clinical placement had anxiety. Among them, 117 (81%) had mild anxiety and 27 (19%) had moderate level of anxiety. All the students used coping strategies for the anxiety. The most commonly used strategy to cope with anxiety was religion (5.03±1.78). Conclusions: All the nursing students had anxiety during the clinical placement and all the students used the coping strategies for the anxiety. Majority of the nursing students had mild anxiety. Religion was most common method of strategy to cope with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhya Banstola
- Nursing Programme, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Nona Shakya
- Nursing Programme, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Pushpa Sharma
- Nursing Programme, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
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Thai TT, Le PTV, Huynh QHN, Pham PTT, Bui HTH. Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Public Health and Preventive Medicine Students in Vietnam. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:795-804. [PMID: 34177277 PMCID: PMC8219298 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s317059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on public health and preventive medicine students, particularly in resource-limited countries. This study evaluated stress level in this population in Vietnam and their coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 among 563 public health and preventive medicine students. A structured questionnaire included background information, the level of stress measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and coping strategies evaluated by the Brief COPE. To compare the PSS score and Brief COPE score among participants with different characteristics, two-sided t tests or ANOVA tests were used when appropriate. RESULTS Most participants were females (71.4%), and the mean age was 21.6 years old (SD = 2.1). Almost all had moderate to high levels of knowledge, attitude and skill toward COVID-19 prevention and protection. The mean PSS score was 17.02 (SD 4.06), and more than 80% had a certain level of stress. The mean score of approach coping strategies was higher than avoidant coping strategies (2.74 and 1.84). Students with a high level of stress had a higher preference for avoidance coping strategies. CONCLUSION Although students reported relatively good knowledge, attitude and skill as well as the preference for adaptive coping strategies, they experienced a high level of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Thanh Thai
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc Truong Vinh Le
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Ho Ngoc Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thi Thu Pham
- Hospital for Rehabilitation - Occupational Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Reverté-Villarroya S, Ortega L, Lavedán A, Masot O, Burjalés-Martí MD, Ballester-Ferrando D, Fuentes-Pumarola C, Botigué T. The influence of COVID-19 on the mental health of final-year nursing students: comparing the situation before and during the pandemic. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30:694-702. [PMID: 33393201 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an important impact on the academic world. It is known that university studies can influence the mental health of students, and especially those studying health sciences. In this study, we therefore sought to analyse whether the current pandemic has affected the mental well-being of final-year nursing students. This was a multi-centre study, with a descriptive, longitudinal, and prospective design. Mental well-being was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire. A total of 305 participants were included in the study, of whom 52.1% had experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups analysed in terms of age, access to university, average marks, mental well-being self-esteem, emotional exhaustion, and sense of coherence. In the case of mental well-being, a direct association was found with both the pandemic situation (OR = 2.32, P = 0.010) and emotional exhaustion scores (OR = 1.20, P < 0.001), while an inverse association was found with sense of coherence scores (OR = 0.45, P < 0.001). This study shows that the mental health of students is a significant factor and one that must be taken into consideration when training nursing staff at university. There is a need to promote healthy habits and provide appropriate coping strategies. It is also important to train and prepare students for pandemic situations as these can have an important impact on the mental health of both the members of the public who will be treated by these future nursing professionals and the students themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Reverté-Villarroya
- Department d'Infermeria, Facultat d'Infermeria Campus Terres de l'Ebre, Universitat Rovira Virgili, Tortosa, Spain
| | - Laura Ortega
- Departament d'Infermeria, Facultat d'Infermeria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), CIBERSAM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Ana Lavedán
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, St. Lleida, Spain.,Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, St. Lleida, Spain
| | - Olga Masot
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, St. Lleida, Spain.,Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, St. Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Teresa Botigué
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, St. Lleida, Spain.,Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, St. Lleida, Spain
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The Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Interest in Orthodontic Treatment and Perspectives for the Future. Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115647. [PMID: 34070459 PMCID: PMC8197563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak may have a large impact on orthodontic treatment. Regular orthodontic visits were strongly and widely interrupted by the unprecedented epidemiological threat. Methods: The data regarding orthodontic queries were investigated in a real-time surveillance using Google Trends. Search terms “braces”, “invisalign”, “get braces”, “get braces off”, “braces pain” and the phrase “social distancing” were analyzed regarding the year preceding the pandemic outbreak and the time of the pandemic. Moreover, the five-year trend for queries “braces” vs. “invisalign”, as an example of different types of orthodontic appliances, was compared. Results: There was a significant decrease in orthodontics phrase queries in the spring of 2020, connected with the worldwide restrictions and lockdowns announced all over the world. There was a lower interest in the “braces pain” query during the first lockdown in 2020. The number of searches for “invisalign” increased steadily over time, while the number of searches for “braces” was relatively stable across the investigated time period. Conclusions: The course of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a large impact on the orthodontic-related search queries. Orthodontists must be better-prepared for any sudden changes in the possible future in the epidemiological situation that may change accessibility to dental offices.
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Khawar MB, Abbasi MH, Hussain S, Riaz M, Rafiq M, Mehmood R, Sheikh N, Amaan HN, Fatima S, Jabeen F, Ahmad Z, Farooq A. Psychological impacts of COVID-19 and satisfaction from online classes: disturbance in daily routine and prevalence of depression, stress, and anxiety among students of Pakistan. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07030. [PMID: 34095563 PMCID: PMC8165417 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the (i) socio-demographic predictors of psychological distress, (ii) socio-demographic predictors of satisfaction from online classes, and (iii) the relationship between psychological distress and satisfaction from online classes among university students of Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted. A total of 2220 respondents that was enrolled at the University of the Punjab (PU), University of Management and Technology (UMT), and the University of Central Punjab (UCP) were involved in the current study. Data were collected at a 64% response rate and analyzed with SPSS IBM Version 21.0. Results revealed that approximately 41% of the students were facing severe psychological distress while about 65% were found unsatisfied with online classes. Besides, a linear negative relationship between the independent variable, i.e. psychological distress and the dependent variable, i.e. satisfaction from online classes was found. Therefore, to minimize the level of psychological distress and increase students' satisfaction with online classes it is highly recommended to take precautionary measures by the relevant stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | | | - Shabbir Hussain
- Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Riaz
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mussarat Rafiq
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Mehmood
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Sheikh
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Nabeela Amaan
- Institute of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Gulab Devi Educational Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
- Gulab Devi Chest Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Fatima
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Government College University (GCU), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaira Ahmad
- Lahore College for Women University (LCWU), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adil Farooq
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
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Dworkin M, Akintayo T, Calem D, Doran C, Guth A, Kamami EM, Kar J, LaRosa J, Liu JC, Pérez Jiménez IN, Frasso R. Life during the pandemic: an international photo-elicitation study with medical students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:244. [PMID: 33906671 PMCID: PMC8078097 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global event with unprecedented impact on individuals and communities around the world. The purpose of this study is to use a modified photo-elicitation methodology to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of medical students and their communities around the world. METHODS Participating medical students were asked to take photographs for 14 days. In lieu of an interview, which is customary for photo-elicitation projects, participants were asked to share a reflection (a paragraph or two) for each photograph they contributed to the study. RESULTS Between April 27th, 2020 and May 11th, 2020 26 students from 19 medical schools across 13 countries shared photographs and reflections. Qualitative analysis of written reflections revealed that medical students felt the impact of the pandemic on several levels 1) individual, 2) interpersonal, 3) educational, and 4) societal. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of medical students on multiple levels. As individuals, students felt emotional distress but found resilience through physical activity and the establishment of new routines. Many students felt isolated as their interpersonal relationships were confined due to social distancing measures. These feelings could be combated with new educational initiatives focused on group collaboration. Lastly, students reflecting on the larger societal implications were concerned with the economic ramifications of the virus and its impact on their future. This study brought together students from several different countries to engage in an applied learning program as a model for equitable global health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dworkin
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T Akintayo
- Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria
| | - D Calem
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Doran
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Guth
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E M Kamami
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Kar
- New Vision University School of Medicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - J LaRosa
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J C Liu
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - I N Pérez Jiménez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Frasso
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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D'Agostino S, D'Agostino L, Dolci M. Protection Measures, Dental Education, and Covid-19 Spread: A Brief Narrative Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:1-5. [PMID: 33688466 PMCID: PMC7934825 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_325_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate and check the international literature for Covid-19 prevention and dental education. Materials and Methods A review of the international literature was performed, including articles in English about different aspects of transmission, preventive actions, and educational topics. Results As a result, it seems that the better way to avoid contagion was represented by the use of personal protective equipment and handwashing in conjunction with social distancing and treatment limitation. Conclusions Dental treatment limitation to emergencies, social distancing, and online teaching seemed to be the key to limit the Covid-19 outbreak, although there was no evidence of a universal guideline. This suggests that we have to establish general guidelines to avoid a second rush of contagion and limit the spread of infection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia D'Agostino
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luca D'Agostino
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Marco Dolci
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
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Kochuvilayil T, Fernandez RS, Moxham LJ, Lord H, Alomari A, Hunt L, Middleton R, Halcomb EJ. COVID-19: Knowledge, anxiety, academic concerns and preventative behaviours among Australian and Indian undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:882-891. [PMID: 33434378 PMCID: PMC8013450 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To compare knowledge, anxiety, academic concerns and preventative behaviours between undergraduate nursing students in Australia and India during the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND Based on the World Health Organization's direction for containment of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), countries implemented varying levels of restrictions including closure of university campuses and providing on line undergraduate education. METHODS Students in NSW, Australia and Kerala, India completed an online survey assessing their (a) knowledge and source of information about COVID-19; (b) anxiety; and coping strategies; (c) academic concerns; and (d) preventative behaviours. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarise the data. RESULTS Data from 99 Australian and 113 Indian undergraduate nurses were analysed. Greater number of Indian students indicated having sufficient knowledge of COVID-19 (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.08, 0.63), getting information about COVID-19 from social media (OR 0.03; 95% CI 0.01, 0.07) and being concerned about 'attending clinical placement' (MD-1.08; 95% CI -1.94, -0.23). Australian students reported significantly higher levels of anxiety (MD 1.99 95% CI 1.21, 2.78), difficulty sleeping (OR 18.00; 95% CI 6.76, 47.96), concentrating (OR 33.22; 95% CI 13.85, 79.67) and eating (OR 14.05; 95% CI 3.19, 61.84). Greater number of Australian students indicated that they would go to the University if they needed to meet with other students (OR 9.21; 95% CI 3.08, 27.55), had to access the library (OR 7.20; 95% CI 3.26, 15.90) or had a group assignment (OR 2.93; 95% CI 1.26, 6.77). CONCLUSIONS Wide variations were present in knowledge, anxiety, academic concerns and preventative behaviours among undergraduate nursing students in two countries. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Undergraduate students may benefit from additional support from the University and staff in the clinical setting with online learning and resources in order to adjust to the 'new normal' and enable them to achieve academic success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritin S. Fernandez
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and HealthSchool of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia
- Centre for Research in Nursing and HealthSt George HospitalKogarahNSWAustralia
| | - Lorna J. Moxham
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and HealthSchool of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia
| | - Heidi Lord
- Centre for Research in Nursing and HealthSt George HospitalKogarahNSWAustralia
| | - Albara Alomari
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversityLiverpoolNSWAustralia
| | - Leanne Hunt
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversityLiverpoolNSWAustralia
| | - Rebekkah Middleton
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and HealthSchool of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia
| | - Elizabeth J. Halcomb
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and HealthSchool of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia
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Barr NB, Johnson JE. Trajectories in Turmoil: A Case Study of Engineering Students' Reactions to Disruptions in Their Community of Practice. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION 2021; 64:38-51. [PMID: 36694557 PMCID: PMC8544934 DOI: 10.1109/tpc.2021.3057149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented challenges to universities when instruction had to shift entirely online. Universities were quick to survey their students about those challenges, and education researchers are now focused on building more effective online experiences based on student feedback. About the case: The loss of in-person instruction was difficult for engineering students in practice-based courses as they lost the courses' hands-on aspect, which is essential for reinforcing theoretical concepts. They also lost the support provided through daily interactions with their peers and instructors. Situating the case: Students in a required four-course practice-based mechanical engineering sequence shared their perspectives via reflective portfolio essays on how shifting to online instruction affected their ability to participate in their learning communities and negotiate meaningful learning experiences. Methods/approach: Through thematic analysis of the reflective essays, we applied the lens of communities of practice to put the students' responses into context. Results/discussion: The students' concerns varied depending on their position in the course sequence and the course; however, most students felt that the loss of in-person interaction was most detrimental and disruptive in the transition to online instruction and yielded communication and teaming issues. Implications and conclusions: Five implications arose from the results of this study, including recognizing the unique challenges of online learning in practice-based courses, instructing students in virtual communication tools, exercising empathy, being mindful of cognitive load, and researching self-directed learners in online environments. In addition, faculty should consider the importance of students' communities of practice and build opportunities to maintain and strengthen the bonds of those communities within their courses, both online and face to face. They should also add more opportunities for virtual interaction early in the curriculum to build digital communication skills, which will undoubtedly be required in their careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B. Barr
- Department of Mechanical Engineering–Engineering MechanicsMichigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI49931USA
| | - Jaclyn E. Johnson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering–Engineering MechanicsMichigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI49931USA
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García-González J, Ruqiong W, Alarcon-Rodriguez R, Requena-Mullor M, Ding C, Ventura-Miranda MI. Analysis of Anxiety Levels of Nursing Students Because of e-Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9030252. [PMID: 33804344 PMCID: PMC8001948 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The continued expand of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, confinement measures and an urgent change in the education of nursing students from traditional education to distance learning throughout the country affect the mental health of university students. This study analyzed state-trait anxiety levels of nursing students because of e-Learning during two periods of the COVID-19 confinement. A mixed follow-up study was used, which evaluates the same cohort cross-sectionally but with a longitudinal component. A sample of 460 nursing students of the Nursing Degree at the University of Lorca (Murcia) and University of Almería (Spain) completed an online anxiety level questionnaire using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) during the first and fourth weeks of the COVID-19 confinement. Total anxiety levels increased in the fourth week, as compared to the first week (first week: 50.4 ± 20.8 and fourth week: 59.9 ± 10.6 (p < 0.001)). The linear regression model showed that the significant predictors for STAI anxiety in nursing students were being in the last year of the degree program, being female, and spending confinement in a house without a garden. In general, most nursing students were emotionally affected by high levels of anxiety of state-trait during the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica García-González
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Campus de Lorca, University of Murcia, 30800 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Wei Ruqiong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affilited Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Raquel Alarcon-Rodriguez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, The University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (R.A.-R.); (M.I.V.-M.)
| | - Mar Requena-Mullor
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, The University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (R.A.-R.); (M.I.V.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-950-214-608
| | - Can Ding
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China;
| | - Maria Isabel Ventura-Miranda
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, The University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (R.A.-R.); (M.I.V.-M.)
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Fan FC, Zhang SY, Cheng Y. Incidence of psychological illness after coronavirus outbreak: a meta-analysis study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:836-842. [PMID: 33632722 PMCID: PMC7908057 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-215927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 has had an enormous impact worldwide and is still spreading. Globally confirmed infections have surpassed 41.1 million, of which more than 1 million resulted in deaths. Considering the relationship between public health disasters and emotional disorders, it is essential to examine psychological well-being related to this pandemic. Method We performed a systematic search on psychological problems from PubMed to 10 October 2020, and conducted a meta-analysis using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V.3 software. Results The results showed a 19.4% and 26.8% pooled incidence for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), respectively, during the SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-related coronavirus outbreaks. However, overall prevalence of depression was somewhat higher at 27.0% during the COVID-19 period. The pooled incidence of PTSD during COVID-19 compared with SARS and MERS outbreaks, was lower, at 16.4%. Conclusion The results suggest that there are shared and distinct psychological responses following SARS, MERS and COVID-19, and show pessimistic estimates of a wide range of potentially upcoming psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Yao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China .,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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Nursing students on the frontline: Impact and personal and professional gains of joining the health care workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. J Prof Nurs 2021; 37:588-597. [PMID: 34016318 PMCID: PMC7899922 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Final-year nursing students in Spain augmented the health care workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic. PURPOSE To understand the lived experience of nursing students who joined the health care workforce during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak (March-May 2020). METHOD Qualitative content analysis of the reflective journals of 40 nursing students in Spain. FINDINGS The analysis identified four main themes: 1) Willingness to help; 2) Safety and protective measures: Impact and challenges; 3) Overwhelming experience: Becoming aware of the magnitude of the epidemic; and 4) Learning and growth. DISCUSSION The wish to help, the sense of moral duty, and the opportunity to learn buffered the impact of the students' lived experience. Despite the challenges they faced, they saw their experiences as a source of personal and professional growth, and they felt reaffirmed in their choice of career. Promoting opportunities for reflection and implementing adequate support and training strategies is crucial for building a nursing workforce that is capable of responding to future health crises.
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Baloch GM, Sundarasen S, Chinna K, Nurunnabi M, Kamaludin K, Khoshaim HB, Hossain SFA, AlSukayt A. COVID-19: exploring impacts of the pandemic and lockdown on mental health of Pakistani students. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10612. [PMID: 33604167 PMCID: PMC7866897 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As of the present, the twenty-first century is experiencing what may be one of its most devastating events, in respect to infected and dead people by the virus. Now known to the world as COVID-19, the devastating disease of what has become a pandemic started its spread from Wuhan, China and swiftly engulfed the whole world with almost 11 million cases, in a span of around six months. It has not only increased the global burden of disease but has heavily dented many social institutions, including education. METHODS This study investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent measures of lockdown, quarantine, and social distancing have affected students. We look specifically into the effects on individuals' mental health, that is, the stress and anxiety levels of college and university students using the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). RESULTS Among 494 respondents, 61% were females, and the majority (77.3%) of the students were in the age group of 19-25 years. Among the respondents, 125 (25.3%), 45 (9.1%) and 34 (6.9%) experienced minimal to moderate, severe, and most extreme levels of anxiety, respectively. The variables of gender, age and year of study were significant at the 0.25 level by univariate analyses. Nevertheless, the ordinal regression indicates that only gender was significant. The odds of a female student being more anxious are higher compared to a male student (OR = 1.779, 95% CI [1.202-2.634], P = 0.004). The most prominent stressors attained from the qualitative feedback from the Pakistani students are associated with online teaching, concerns about their academic performance and completion of the current semester, uncertainty related to exam dates, and the status of the following semester. CONCLUSIONS This study will add to the existing body of literature on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social and psychological health of students. The study outcomes will provide basic data for further applied and action research and a framework for universities and policy makers in Pakistan and the neighboring countries in the region with the same cultural contexts. Thus, relevant health interventions can be designed for better mental health and educational attainments of students from higher educational institutions. This pathological pandemic may well lead to another pandemic of mental and behavioral illness. All stakeholders should join force regardless of pre-existing differences and inequalities to ensure the well-being of future generations, specifically students from higher educational institutions. The long-lasting impacts and the aftermath of this pandemic will unquestionably need further and future investigations. Keywords: Anxiety, students, mental health, COVID-19, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Muhammad Baloch
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheela Sundarasen
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Nurunnabi
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamilah Kamaludin
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Bakr Khoshaim
- Deanship of Admission and Registration, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Far Abid Hossain
- College of Business Administration, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Areej AlSukayt
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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EMRE N, SARI T. Evaluation of the behavior, anxiety and stress of university students in the new type of coronavirus pandemic. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.779179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Batais MA, Temsah MH, AlGhofili H, AlRuwayshid N, Alsohime F, Almigbal TH, Al-Rabiaah A, Al-Eyadhy AA, Mujammami MH, Halwani R, Jamal AA, Somily AM. The coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic-associated stress among medical students in middle east respiratory syndrome-CoV endemic area: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23690. [PMID: 33545936 PMCID: PMC7837988 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected different life aspects, including healthcare communities and academic institutes. We aimed to assess the level of stress and risk factors among medical students and interns during the COVID-19 pandemic in the setting of the middle east respiratory syndrome -CoV endemic area.A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of medical students and interns. The questionnaire was anonymously self-administered to indicate perceive hygienic practice change, importance of viral prevention domestic hygiene, perceive adequacy of received information, perceived agreement to facilitators to alleviate covid stress, self-reported stress level, and generalized anxiety disorder score.A total of 322 returned the questionnaire (69.7% response rate). Participants had good knowledge regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome -CoV2 in multiple aspects, with an average score of 13.8 out of 14. Two-thirds (62.4%) of the students experienced mild anxiety, (23.9%) had moderate anxiety, (6.8%) had clinically high anxiety level, and another (6.8%) had a clinically very high anxiety level. The stress level, as reported by the respondents (on a 1-10 scale), showed a correlation with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. We observed an increased level of social avoidance and hygienic practice facilitated by availability of hand sanitizers. Majority of the students receive information regarding COVID-19 from reliable and official resourcesMost students reported mild to moderate levels of anxiety, and was associated with enhancement of their universal precaution measures. The availability of alcohol-based hand sanitizers and the off-campus study were great relievers. The importance of reliable pandemic resources in educating students during pandemics is emphasized. Furthermore, this study indicate the importance of students' support services to address mental health and students' wellbeing in the era of pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Batais
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Department of Family and Community Medicine
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine
- Prince Abdullah Bin Khaled Coeliac Disease Chair, Faculty of Medicine
| | | | | | - Fahad Alsohime
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine
| | - Turky H. Almigbal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Department of Family and Community Medicine
| | - Abdulkarim Al-Rabiaah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine
| | - Ayman A. Al-Eyadhy
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine
| | - Muhammad Hussain Mujammami
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, PO. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr A. Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Department of Family and Community Medicine
- Evidence-Based Health Care & Knowledge Translation Research Chair, King Saud University
| | - Ali Mohammed Somily
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 242069
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shamsir MS, Krauss SE, Ismail IA, Ab Jalil H, Johar MA, Abdul Rahman I. Development of a Haddon Matrix Framework for Higher Education Pandemic Preparedness: Scoping Review and Experiences of Malaysian Universities During the COVID-19 Pandemic. HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY 2021; 35:439-478. [PMID: 34594092 PMCID: PMC7808121 DOI: 10.1057/s41307-020-00221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Managing education and research during pandemics has increased in importance since the onset of epidemics such as avian flu, SARS and now CoViD-19. Successful management in times of crisis ensures business continuity and institutional survival, making preparedness preceding an impending pandemic essential. Institutions of higher education (IHEs) must maintain balance between academic continuity and preventing morbidity during a pandemic crisis. To date, however, no general pandemic preparedness frameworks exist for IHEs. The aim of this paper is to report on the development of a Haddon matrix framework for IHE pandemic preparedness based on a scoping literature review of past IHE responses including pre-, during and post-pandemic phases. First, a review of previous global responses by IHEs during past pandemics was carried out. The review findings were then collated into a new IHE-centric Haddon matrix for pandemic preparedness. The content of the matrix is then illustrated through the documented responses of Malaysian universities during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The resulting IHE Haddon matrix can be used by universities as a general guide to identify preparedness gaps and intervention opportunities for business continuity during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahir Shamsir
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, 84600 Muar, Johor Malaysia
| | - Steven Eric Krauss
- Innovative Learning Sciences Research Centre of Excellence (INNOVATE), Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ismi Arif Ismail
- Innovative Learning Sciences Research Centre of Excellence (INNOVATE), Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Habibah Ab Jalil
- Innovative Learning Sciences Research Centre of Excellence (INNOVATE), Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Akmal Johar
- Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor Malaysia
| | - Ismail Abdul Rahman
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor Malaysia
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Harries AJ, Lee C, Jones L, Rodriguez RM, Davis JA, Boysen-Osborn M, Kashima KJ, Krane NK, Rae G, Kman N, Langsfeld JM, Juarez M. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students: a multicenter quantitative study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:14. [PMID: 33407422 PMCID: PMC7786337 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the United States (US) medical education system with the necessary, yet unprecedented Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) national recommendation to pause all student clinical rotations with in-person patient care. This study is a quantitative analysis investigating the educational and psychological effects of the pandemic on US medical students and their reactions to the AAMC recommendation in order to inform medical education policy. METHODS The authors sent a cross-sectional survey via email to medical students in their clinical training years at six medical schools during the initial peak phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey questions aimed to evaluate students' perceptions of COVID-19's impact on medical education; ethical obligations during a pandemic; infection risk; anxiety and burnout; willingness and needed preparations to return to clinical rotations. RESULTS Seven hundred forty-one (29.5%) students responded. Nearly all students (93.7%) were not involved in clinical rotations with in-person patient contact at the time the study was conducted. Reactions to being removed were mixed, with 75.8% feeling this was appropriate, 34.7% guilty, 33.5% disappointed, and 27.0% relieved. Most students (74.7%) agreed the pandemic had significantly disrupted their medical education, and believed they should continue with normal clinical rotations during this pandemic (61.3%). When asked if they would accept the risk of infection with COVID-19 if they returned to the clinical setting, 83.4% agreed. Students reported the pandemic had moderate effects on their stress and anxiety levels with 84.1% of respondents feeling at least somewhat anxious. Adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) (53.5%) was the most important factor to feel safe returning to clinical rotations, followed by adequate testing for infection (19.3%) and antibody testing (16.2%). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the education of US medical students in their clinical training years. The majority of students wanted to return to clinical rotations and were willing to accept the risk of COVID-19 infection. Students were most concerned with having enough PPE if allowed to return to clinical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Harries
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 5, Room #6A4, San Francisco, California, 94110, USA.
| | - Carmen Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 5, Room #6A4, San Francisco, California, 94110, USA
| | - Lee Jones
- University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert M Rodriguez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 5, Room #6A4, San Francisco, California, 94110, USA
| | - John A Davis
- University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Megan Boysen-Osborn
- Clinical Emergency Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - N Kevin Krane
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Guenevere Rae
- Basic Science Education, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nicholas Kman
- Emergency Medicine, Ohio State College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jodi M Langsfeld
- Department of Science Education, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Marianne Juarez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 5, Room #6A4, San Francisco, California, 94110, USA.
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Zheng X, Guo Y, Yang H, Luo L, Ya B, Xu H, Xue Z, Li Q, Shi J, Bi J, Ma W, Wang P. A Cross-Sectional Study on Mental Health Problems of Medical and Nonmedical Students in Shandong During the COVID-19 Epidemic Recovery Period. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:680202. [PMID: 34177663 PMCID: PMC8226021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.680202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a plethora of psychological problems worldwide since its onset in December 2019. In the upheaval period, compared with medical college students, nonmedical students' psychological state deserves additional concern due to their lack of medical knowledge. Although the epidemic in China has been largely controlled for several months, the mental health problems resulting from the COVID-19 epidemic persist to this day. In this study, we assessed the mental health problems and associated risk factors experienced by nonmedical vs. medical college students in universities of Shandong Province during the COVID-19 epidemic recovery period. Methods: An online survey was conducted over the period from 17 to 19 December 2020. A total of 954 Chinese college students (486 nonmedical and 468 medical students) from three universities of Shandong Province participated in the survey. Mental health variables were assessed with use of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Results: Compared with medical students, nonmedical college students had higher prevalence rates of depression (53.9 vs. 46.4%; p = 0.020) and insomnia (28.0 vs. 22.4%, p = 0.049), as well as higher total scores on the PHQ-9 (p = 0.03) and ISI (p < 0.01). Among nonmedical college students, being female and native of non-Shandong were risk factors for anxiety and depression (p < 0.01), while only native of non-Shandong for insomnia (p < 0.01). Among medical students, age (p < 0.01) and living in rural areas (p = 0.04) were risk factors for depression, while only age (p < 0.05) was a risk factor for anxiety and insomnia. Conclusion: Nonmedical college students in the universities of Shandong Province had more mental health problems and more risk factors for developing them during the COVID-19 epidemic recovery period than medical students. These nonmedical students require additional attention and recovery programs to alleviate the increased incidence of psychological problems related to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuji Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liyan Luo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bailiu Ya
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Philosophy School of Marxism, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Xue
- Department of Clinical Medicine School, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiale Shi
- Department of Basic Medical School, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianzhong Bi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Center for Clinical Neurolinguistics, School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Magdy DM, Metwally A, Magdy O. Assessment of community psycho-behavioral responses during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): a cross-sectional study. AIMS Public Health 2021; 9:26-40. [PMID: 35071666 PMCID: PMC8755960 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2022003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) is a public health emergency of international concern resulting in adverse psychological impacts during the epidemic.</p>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>From 1 to 10 April 2020, we conducted an online survey. The online survey collected information on demographic data, precautionary measures against (2019-nCoV), self-health evaluation, knowledge, and concerns about (2019-nCoV), and appraisal of crisis management. The psychological impact was assessed by the General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. The designed questionnaire was answered by participants, and collected data were statistically analyzed.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>This study included 1200 respondents. In total, 80% of respondents rated the psychological impact; 18% reported minimal anxiety; 34% reported mild anxiety, and 48% with moderate anxiety symptoms. A large proportion (74%) believed that they were very or somewhat likely to contract (2019-nCoV) while only (35%) believed they were unlikely to survive if they contracted the disease. (58%) of the respondents, practiced the precautionary measures directed against person-to-person droplet spread. Respondents with a moderate level of anxiety were most likely to take comprehensive precautionary measures against the infection. Also, older, female, more educated people as well as those who are more likely to contract the infection.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>During the outbreak, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate anxiety. Thus, the psychological needs during the outbreak should be addressed appropriately. Our results highlight the need to promote protective personal health practices to interrupt the transmission of the (2019-nCoV) in the community. Therefore, educational public programs about preventive measures should be targeted at the identified groups with low current uptake of precautions.</p>
</sec></abstract>
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Magdy
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt
- * Correspondence: ; Tel: +201006261010
| | - Ahmed Metwally
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt
| | - Omar Magdy
- Medical student Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt
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Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Associated Psychological Distress Among Medical Students in Iran. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1321:245-251. [PMID: 33656729 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59261-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim The COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in early 2020 and is associated with high public anxiety all over the world. The healthcare community is at the highest risk of infection and thereby prone to most distress. The aim of this study was to explore and evaluate the degree of depression, anxiety, and stress levels among medical college students during the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in February and March 2020, 3 weeks after the first reported COVID-19 infection was identified in Iran. All medical college students who entered clinical courses were eligible for the study. Depression, stress, and anxiety were evaluated in these students using the DASS-21 questionnaire. Participants were selected by using availability sampling. All statistical analyses were performed using R version 3.5.1. Results The total number of participants was 207, with 143 males and 64 females. More than half of the participants (57.97%) were married. The mean duration of working experience among students with COVID-19 infection and experience in a medical ward was 3.00 ± 1.27 days and 17.40 ± 7.26 months, respectively. The majority of students had 2 or 3 days working experience with COVID-19 infection. The mean anxiety score of participants was 28.56 ± 4.68, the depression score was 29.36 ± 4.42, and the stress score was 28.99 ± 4.53. Our findings indicated that the mean scores of depression were at an "extremely severe" level, while stress and anxiety were at "severe" levels. The prevalence of "severe" symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety was 69.57%, 60.87%, and 99.04%, respectively. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among medical students who were exposed to COVID-19-infected patients. Our results highlight the need to establish psychological support programs, training, and self-care for medical college students in relation to mental health. We recommend incorporation of molecular biomarker tests into an algorithm to aid in assessments and consideration of the appropriate therapeutic responses.
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Bilgi K, Aytaş G, Karatoprak U, Kazancıoǧlu R, Özçelik S. The Effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak on Medical Students. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:637946. [PMID: 33796035 PMCID: PMC8007851 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.637946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has influenced the whole world, where after the first case was diagnosed in Turkey, educational activities were suspended and partial curfews were implemented. This study was conducted to assess the concerns faced by the medical students about their professional life due to the disrupted educational activities and related psychological effects. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey study, conducted with self-administered questionnaires on Bezmialem Vakif University medical students, during the pandemic. The questionnaire consists of queries about demographics, environmental factors, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales. Results: A total of 178 students participated in the study, with a female-to-male ratio of 5:2. Of the total respondents, 19.7% were experiencing severe anxiety, 17.4% moderate anxiety, and 37.1% mild anxiety, according to the GAD-7; and 13.5% of the respondents were experiencing severe depression, 21.9% moderate-severe depression, and 23% mild depression according to the PHQ-9. There was no statistically significant difference between the grades in terms of GAD-7 or PHQ-9 scores. Male participants were more likely to have suicidal thoughts (p = 0.013). According to our study, the factors with the highest influence on students were as follows: "Major changes in personal life," "Disruption in educational activities," and "Covid-19 related anxiety of loss of relatives and contamination or infection." On average, women voted higher points for "Covid-19 related anxiety of loss of relatives and contamination." Conclusions: We found that a significant portion of students regardless of their year in medical school were profoundly affected by the pandemic process as is shown by their anxiety and depression scores. The disruption in educational activities is one of the main factors of these effects, and we believe that these should not be ignored, as they could in the future lead to a series of problems for medical education and students alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Bilgi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Aytaş
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Karatoprak
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Semra Özçelik
- Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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