1
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El Hawari K, Hurtaud-Pessel D, Verdon E. A new derivatizing reagent for the determination of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde in trout muscle by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 275:126084. [PMID: 38608344 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde (5-NF) is an aldehyde aromatic organic compound that has been envisaged as an alternative marker for detecting nitrofurazone treatment abuse and to avoid the false positive results induced by the semicarbazide. Analyzing 5-NF presents challenges, and its derivatization reaction with hydrazine reagents is required to enhance the capability of its detection and its identification. This study aims at developping an analytical method for 5-NF determination in trout muscle samples based on chemical derivatization prior to analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Four commercially available hydrazine reagents, namely: N,N-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH), 4-Hydrazinobenzoic acid (HBA), 2,4-Dichlorophenylhydrazine (2,4-DCPH) and 2,6-Dichlorophenylhydrazine (2,6-DCPH) were proposed for the first time as derivatizing reagents in the analysis of 5-NF. The derivatization reaction was simultaneously performed along with the extraction method in acidic condition using ultrasonic assistance and followed by liquid extraction using acetonitrile. The efficiency of the chemical reaction with 5-NF was examined and the reaction conditions including the concentration of hydrochloric acid, pH, temperature, reaction time and the concentration of the derivatizing reagents were optimized. Experiments with fortified samples demonstrated that 2,4-DCPH derivatizing reagent at 20 mM for 20 min of ultrasonic treatment under acidic condition (pH 4) gave an effective sample derivatization method for 5-NF analysis. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curves were linear from 0.25 to 2 μg kg-1 with coefficient of determination >0.99. The recoveries ranged from 89 % to 116 % and precision was less than 13 %. The limit of detection and quantification were 0.1 and 0.2 μg kg-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El Hawari
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères, Cedex, France.
| | - Dominique Hurtaud-Pessel
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères, Cedex, France
| | - Eric Verdon
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères, Cedex, France
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2
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Wang L, Lai B, Ran X, Tang H, Cao D. A portable smartphone platform utilizing dual-sensing signals for visual determination of semicarbazide in food samples. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3469-3480. [PMID: 38506072 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00001c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SEM) is a metabolite of antibiotic nitrofurazone and a food contaminant in food production, showing potential carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and toxic effects on human health. It is urgent to develop a highly efficient and sensitive assay for visual detection of SEM. In this paper, a pyrrolopyrrole cyanine fluorescent probe (PPCy-1) was reported for visualization and quantitative analysis of SEM through a chromophore reaction sensing mechanism for the first time. The probe towards SEM exhibited a fast response (10 min), a low detection limit (0.18 μM), high selectivity, and distinct dual ratiometric fluorescence turn-on and colorimetric modes. Its practicability was further verified by detecting SEM in meat, water, and honey samples with satisfactory recovery values. More importantly, a smartphone-assisted portable testing platform was constructed based on a PPCy-1-immobilized test paper or a polyamide thin film with a color scanning APP for real-time and on-site detection of SEM. This work provides low-cost, convenient, and rapid assays for visual SEM detection, which have potential applications in food safety monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Bihong Lai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Xueguang Ran
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, 510641, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Derong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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3
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Phansawat P, Chuchird N, Keetanon A, Chongprachavat N, Pichitkul P, Paankhao N, Paankhao S, Kitsanayanyong L, Baoprasertkul P, Rairat T. Depletion kinetics of semicarbazide in giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) following nitrofurazone oral administration and its occurrence in an aquaculture farm. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104389. [PMID: 38360333 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SEM), a marker residue used to monitor the use of prohibited drug nitrofurazone (NFZ), is commonly found in wild crustaceans, implying the natural origin. However, the difference between endogenous and exogenous SEM has rarely been investigated. So, tissue-bound SEM was determined in samples collected from giant river prawns cultured in an aquaculture farm and in samples from an experiment where giant river prawns were fed twice a day with NFZ at 30 mg/kg for 5 days. At day 10 of drug withdrawal, muscle SEM of the NFZ-fed prawn was 17.78 ng/g and depleted to 1.18 ng/g at day 90 (half-life 20.31 days) which was significantly higher than the control prawn (usually ≤ 0.1 ng/g). In contrast, the average SEM in the shell was independent of NFZ treatment. SEM was not found in the aquaculture farm samples, implying that the SEM in cultured prawn did not originate from SEM contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putsucha Phansawat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Niti Chuchird
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arunothai Keetanon
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natnicha Chongprachavat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phongchate Pichitkul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthapong Paankhao
- Kamphaengsaen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Suwinai Paankhao
- Kamphaengsaen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Puttharat Baoprasertkul
- Aquatic Animal Health Research and Development Division, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tirawat Rairat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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4
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Rairat T, Keetanon A, Phansawat P, Chongprachavat N, Pichitkul P, Kitsanayanyong L, Kachapol P, Suanploy W, Chuchird N. The presence of semicarbazide in crustaceans collected from natural habitats in Thailand. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140686. [PMID: 37952814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SEM) has been used as a marker residue of the banned veterinary drug nitrofurazone (NFZ). Although evidence indicates that SEM can be found in some natural crustaceans that have never been exposed to NFZ, such information is limited to a few species. The present study aimed to investigate the natural occurrence of SEM in wild crustaceans in Thailand. A total of 14 species, all economically important food animals, were captured from different regions of Thailand. Tissue-bound SEM and its parent drug NFZ were determined by the UPLC-MS/MS and LC-MS methods, respectively. The results showed that while NFZ was not detected in any samples, the tissue-bound SEM could be found in every natural crustacean species investigated. However, the prevalence and concentration varied greatly. The occurrence of SEM in the freshwater palaemonid Macrobrachium prawns is generally much higher than in the marine penaeid shrimps/prawns. SEM was found in 33% and 80% of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) muscles (<0.10-0.46 ng/g) and shells (3.68-13.22 ng/g), respectively. In contrast, SEM was not detected in the muscles of penaeid shrimps/prawns (with few exceptions), but it was occasionally found in the shells at low levels (usually <1 ng/g). The shells of saltwater crabs also contained higher levels of SEM than the muscles. For instance, the highest SEM levels detected in the mud crab (Scylla sp.) muscles and shells were 0.40 and 22.75 ng/g, respectively. However, the situation was reversed for the rice-field crab (Sayamia sp. and Esanthelphusa sp.), in which SEM was not detected in all shells but detected in the muscles (up to 1.46 ng/g). The fact that SEM is often found in wild crustaceans implies a natural origin of this substance. Consequently, using SEM as a marker residue of NFZ is controversial and should be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirawat Rairat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arunothai Keetanon
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Putsucha Phansawat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natnicha Chongprachavat
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phongchate Pichitkul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Parattagorn Kachapol
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wiranya Suanploy
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Niti Chuchird
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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5
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Singh A, Smith DJ, Strahan GD, Lehotay SJ. Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of 13 C 4 -labeled 4-cyano-2-oxobutyraldehyde semicarbazone: A metabolite of nitrofurazone. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2024; 67:18-24. [PMID: 38044291 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.4077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrofurazone usage in food-producing animals is prohibited in most countries, including the United States. Regulatory agencies regularly monitor its use in domestic, export/import animals' food products by measuring the semicarbazide (SEM) metabolite as a biomarker of nitrofurazone exposure. However, the use of SEM is controversial because it is also produced in food naturally and thus gives false positive results. A cyano-metabolite, 4-cyano-2-oxobutyraldehyde semicarbazone (COBS), is proposed as an alternate specific marker of nitrofurazone to distinguish nitrofurazone from treated or untreated animals. A synthetic method was developed to produce COBS via metallic hydrogenation of nitrofurazone. The product was isolated and characterized by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic spectroscopy (NMR) experiments, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and mass spectrometry. The developed synthetic procedure was further extended to synthesize isotopically labeled 4-[13 C]-cyano-2-oxo- [2, 3, 4-13 C3 ]-butyraldehyde semicarbazone. Labeled COBS is useful as an internal standard for its quantification in food-producing animals. Thus, the developed method provides a possibility for its commercial synthesis to procure COBS. This is the first synthesis of the alternate specific marker metabolite of nitrofurazone for possible usage in regulatory analysis to solve a real-world problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Singh
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - David J Smith
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Gary D Strahan
- USDA-ARS Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven J Lehotay
- USDA-ARS Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Identification of endogenous and exogenous semicarbazide (SEM) in crustacea aquatic products using compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis (NSIRA). J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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7
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Highly photothermal and biodegradable nanotags-embedded immunochromatographic assay for the rapid monitoring of nitrofurazone. Food Chem 2023; 404:134686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Xue W, Macleod J, Blaxland J. The Use of Ozone Technology to Control Microorganism Growth, Enhance Food Safety and Extend Shelf Life: A Promising Food Decontamination Technology. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040814. [PMID: 36832889 PMCID: PMC9957223 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for microorganism control in the food industry has promoted research in food processing technologies. Ozone is considered to be a promising food preserving technique and has gained great interest due to its strong oxidative properties and significant antimicrobial efficiency, and because its decomposition leaves no residues in foods. In this ozone technology review, the properties and the oxidation potential of ozone, and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect the microorganism inactivation efficiency of both gaseous and aqueous ozone, are explained, as well as the mechanisms of ozone inactivation of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, fungi, mould, and biofilms. This review focuses on the latest scientific studies on the effects of ozone in controlling microorganism growth, maintaining food appearance and sensorial organoleptic qualities, assuring nutrient contents, enhancing the quality of food, and extending food shelf life, e.g., vegetables, fruits, meat, and grain products. The multifunctionality effects of ozone in food processing, in both gaseous and aqueous form, have promoted its use in the food industries to meet the increased consumer preference for a healthy diet and ready-to-eat products, although ozone may present undesirable effects on physicochemical characteristics on certain food products at high concentrations. The combined uses of ozone and other techniques (hurdle technology) have shown a promotive future in food processing. It can be concluded from this review that the application of ozone technology upon food requires increased research; specifically, the use of treatment conditions such as concentration and humidity for food and surface decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Xue
- ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
- Cardiff School of Sports and Health Science, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
| | - Joshua Macleod
- ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
- Cardiff School of Sports and Health Science, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
| | - James Blaxland
- ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
- Cardiff School of Sports and Health Science, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
- Correspondence:
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9
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Čavlović K, Villar-Lara JS, Reichel M, Hartig L, Rodríguez C, Russell L, Polo J. Semicarbazide is a non-reliable marker in spray-dried red blood cells for nitrofurazone abuse. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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10
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Yu H, Zhang X, Hu S, Chen X. Investigation of the conversion mechanism of endogenous semicarbazide in shrimp on the amino acid level. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114393. [PMID: 36508808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SEM), the metabolite of antibiotic nitrofurazone, is often used as the biomarker to determine the use of nitrofurazone. Frequent false-positive events of SEM have brought great trouble to the aquatic industry in international trade. In this paper, the situation of endogenous SEM in aquatic products was investigated, and the possible mechanism of amino acid conversion into SEM was studied by establishing a simulated oxidation system and a urea system. The results revealed the presence of endogenous SEM in the muscle tissue of shrimps, and the content of SEM ranged from 0.56 to 5.28 ng/g, which presented as Macrobrachium nipponense>Macrobrachium rosenbergii>Procambarus clarkii. The increase in SEM production of control lysine under natural oxidation conditions suggests that oxidation has an effect on the conversion of SEM. Under the action of the simulated oxidation system, the SEM of Arginine, Lysine, Citrulline and Glutamine among the 21 amino acids were increased, and the polymer azine was formed. In combination with the structure of four amino acids, it was presumed that the group of amide is a key intermediate structure for the formation of endogenous SEM. In addition, under the urea system, the content of SEM produced by amino acids increased after the addition of urea, and the concentration of urea had a significant correlation with the content of SEM. Taken together, the production of endogenous SEM in shrimps is related to amino acids and urea, and the urea cycle and other substances containing amide structures should also be considered in future explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China; College of food and pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xiaxia Chen
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Haixia Yu
- Ocean Research Center of Zhoushan, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Shi Hu
- College of food and pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xuechang Chen
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
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11
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Fayissa GR, Dube S, Nindi MM. Fast screening method to determine metabolites of nitrofurans in chicken meat using partitioned dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with HPLC/DAD. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:56-66. [PMID: 36283046 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2136767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Methods have been developed for the hydrolysis and derivatisation of protein-bound metabolites of nitrofurans and for the extraction of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde derivatives of the metabolites from chicken meat. In this work, the time needed for hydrolysis and derivatisation was reduced from the conventional 16 h to 90 min. Based on partitioned dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction, a method for extracting 2-nitrobenzaldehyde derivatives of metabolites from crude chicken meat has been developed. Under the optimised experimental conditions, enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 92.8 to 208.9 were obtained. The method was linear over the range of 10-600 µg kg-1 with determination coefficients (r2) between 0.9979 and 0.9996. Intraday and interday repeatability expressed as a percentage RSD, ranged from 2.2% to 11.2%, and 2.7% to 12.4%, respectively. LOD of 1.07-2.25 µg kg-1 and LOQ of 3.09-6.2 µg kg-1 were obtained. The proposed method was applied in the analysis of metabolites of nitrofurans in chicken meat obtained from farmers using them for their domestic consumption and proved free of the analytes. A recovery of 85.2-109.4% with a %RSD ranging between 3.4% and 13.7% was obtained at three spiking levels. The proposed method was successfully further applied for the analysis of target analytes in chicken meat samples purchased from different supermarkets around Roodeport, Gauteng (South Africa). There was no target analyte detected in the analysed samples. Therefore, the developed methods can be used for monitoring the corresponding metabolites of nitrofurans in chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Regassa Fayissa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Engineering and Technology - The Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodeport, South Africa.,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Selale University (SLU), Fiche, Ethiopia
| | - Simiso Dube
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Engineering and Technology - The Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodeport, South Africa
| | - Mathew Muzi Nindi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Engineering and Technology - The Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodeport, South Africa
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12
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Cai ZF, Wang XS, Li HY, Cao PL, Han XR, Guo PY, Cao FY, Liu JX, Sun XX, Li T, Wu Y, Zhang S. One-step synthesis of blue emission copper nanoclusters for the detection of furaltadone and temperature. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 279:121408. [PMID: 35617839 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), playing roles as a templating agent, can be applied to prepare blue-emitting copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs@PVP) on the basis of a rapid chemical reduction synthesis method. The Cu NCs@PVP displayed a blue emission wavelength at 430 nm and the corresponding quantum yield (QY) could reach 10.4%. Subsequently, the as-synthesized Cu NCs@PVP were used for the trace analysis of furaltadone based on the inner filter effect (IFE) between Cu NCs@PVP and furaltadone, which caused the fluorescence to be effectively quenched. Additionally, this proposed determination platform based on the Cu NCs@PVP for furaltadone sensing possessed an excellent linear range from 0.5 to 100 μM with a lower detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N = 3). Meanwhile, the Cu NCs@PVP also could be applied for the sensing of temperature. Furthermore, the practicability of the sensing platform has been successfully verified by measuring furaltadone in real samples, affirming its potential to increase fields for the determination of furaltadone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
| | - Xian-Song Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China
| | - Hao-Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Peng-Li Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Xin-Rui Han
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Peng-Yu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Fang-Yu Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Jia-Xi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Xue-Xue Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
| | - Shen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
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13
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Zhang S, Jin ML, Gao YX, Li WQ, Wang XY, Li XX, Qiao JQ, Peng Y. Histidine-capped fluorescent copper nanoclusters: an efficient sensor for determination of furaltadone in aqueous solution. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Jia J, Zhang H, Qu J, Wang Y, Xu N. Immunosensor of Nitrofuran Antibiotics and Their Metabolites in Animal-Derived Foods: A Review. Front Chem 2022; 10:813666. [PMID: 35721001 PMCID: PMC9198595 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.813666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrofuran antibiotics have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases due to the bactericidal effect. However, the residual and accumulation of their metabolites in vivo can pose serious health hazards to both humans and animals. Although their usage in feeding and process of food-derived animals have been banned in many countries, their metabolic residues are still frequently detected in materials and products of animal-derived food. Many sensitive and effective detection methods have been developed to deal with the problem. In this work, we summarized various immunological methods for the detection of four nitrofuran metabolites based on different types of detection principles and signal molecules. Furthermore, the development trend of detection technology in animal-derived food is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Naifeng Xu
- *Correspondence: Yuanfeng Wang, ; Naifeng Xu,
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Mitchell TR, Berrang ME, Gold SE, Lawrence KC, Glenn AE, Gamble GR, Feldner PW, Hawkins JA, Miller CE, Olson DE, Chatterjee D, McDonough CM, Pokoo-Aikins A. Survey of Meat Collected from Commercial Broiler Processing Plants Suggests Low Levels of Semicarbazide Can Be Created during Immersion Chilling. J Food Prot 2022; 85:798-802. [PMID: 35146522 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Semicarbazide (SEM) is routinely employed as an indicator for the use of nitrofurazone, a banned antimicrobial. The validity of SEM as a nitrofurazone marker has been scrutinized because of other possible sources of the compound. Nonetheless, a U.S. trade partner rejected skin-on chicken thighs because of SEM detection and suspected nitrofurazone use. Because nitrofurazone has been banned in U.S. broiler production since 2003, we hypothesized that incidental de novo SEM formation occurs during broiler processing. To assess this possibility, raw leg quarters were collected from 23 commercial broiler processing plants across the United States and shipped frozen to our laboratory, where liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantitatively assess for SEM. Leg quarter samples were collected at four points along the processing line: hot rehang (transfer from the kill line to the evisceration line), prechill (before the chilling process), postchill (immediately following chilling), and at the point of pack. Thigh meat with skin attached was removed from 535 leg quarters and analyzed in triplicate for SEM concentrations. The concentrations ranged from 0 to 2.67 ppb, with 462 (86.4%) of 535 samples below the regulatory decision level of 0.5 ppb of SEM. The 73 samples over the 0.5-ppb limit came from 21 plants; 53 (72.6%) of positive samples were in meat collected after chilling (postchill or point of pack). The difference in both prevalence and concentration of SEM detected before and after chilling was highly significant (P < 0.0001). These data support our hypothesis that SEM detection in raw broiler meat is related to de novo creation of the chemical during processing. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor R Mitchell
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Mark E Berrang
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Scott E Gold
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Kurt C Lawrence
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Anthony E Glenn
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Gary R Gamble
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Peggy W Feldner
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Jaci A Hawkins
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Christine E Miller
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Drew E Olson
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Debolina Chatterjee
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Callie M McDonough
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
| | - Anthony Pokoo-Aikins
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
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Vasu D, Karthi Keyan A, Sakthinathan S, Chiu TW. Investigation of electrocatalytic and photocatalytic ability of Cu/Ni/TiO 2/MWCNTs Nanocomposites for detection and degradation of antibiotic drug Furaltadone. Sci Rep 2022; 12:886. [PMID: 35042930 PMCID: PMC8766570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04890-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, "Get two mangoes with one stone" strategy was used to study the electrochemical detection and photocatalytic mineralization of furaltadone (FLT) drug using Cu/Ni/TiO2/MWCNTs nanocomposites for the first time. The bi-functional nanocomposites were synthesized through a hydrothermal synthesis technique. The successfully synthesized nanocomposites were analyzed by various analytical techniques. The Cu/Ni/TiO2/MWCNTs nanocomposites decorated screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) exhibit a good electrocatalytic ability towards detection of FLT. Moreover, the electrocatalytic detection of FLT based on the nanocomposites decorated SPCE have high stability, lower detection limit, and excellent sensitivity of 0.0949 μM and 1.9288 μA μM-1 cm-2, respectively. In addition, the nanocomposites decorated SPCE electrodes performed in real samples, such as river water and tap water, the satisfactory results were observed. As UV-Visible spectroscopy revealed that the Cu/Ni/TiO2/MWCNTs nanocomposites had an excellent photocatalytic ability for degradation of FLT drug. The higher degradation efficiency of 75% was achieved within 45 min under irradiation of visible light. In addition, after the degradation process various intermediates are produced which is confirmed by GC-MS analysis. The excellent photocatalytic ability was improved to the dopant ions and restrictions of electron-hole pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanapal Vasu
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Arjunan Karthi Keyan
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Subramanian Sakthinathan
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Te-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
Following the detection of semicarbazide (SEM) in gelatine by Italian Authorities, at levels exceeding by three times the reference point for action (RPA) of 1 μg/kg, set out by Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/1871 for nitrofurans and their metabolites, the European Commission mandated EFSA to investigate the available sources of nitrofurans and their metabolites in gelatine. European Commission also asked EFSA to provide approaches that would distinguish SEM occurring due to illegal treatment with nitrofurazone from SEM produced during food processing. The literature indicates that SEM, both free and bound to macromolecules, could occur also in food products such as gelatine, during food processing, arising from the use of disinfecting agents and/or from reactions of various food components and, therefore, SEM cannot be considered as an unequivocal marker of the abuse of nitrofurazone in animal production. It is recommended to investigate in more detail which processing conditions lead to the formation of SEM in gelatine during its production and what levels can be found. One potential approach to distinguishing between SEM from nitrofurazone and SEM from other sources in food products, such as gelatine, might be based on determining the ratio of bound:free SEM in a sample of gelatine. However, whether the ratio of bound:free SEM would unequivocally distinguish between SEM arising from nitrofurazone abuse or from other sources still needs to be demonstrated.
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Jesu Amalraj AJ, Narasimha Murthy U, Sea-Fue W. Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of an antibiotic drug furaltadone in fish tissue with a ZnO-ZnCo2O4 self-assembled nano-heterostructure as an electrode material. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xing L, Sun W, Sun X, Peng J, Li Z, Zhu P, Zheng X. Semicarbazide Accumulation, Distribution and Chemical Forms in Scallop ( Chlamys farreri) after Seawater Exposure. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061500. [PMID: 34064266 PMCID: PMC8224293 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Semicarbazide is considered the characteristic metabolite of nitrofurazone and it is often used as a marker to monitor the illegal use of nitrofurazone in foods. Recent studies have indicated that semicarbazide pollution can be introduced in many ways and this compound is a newly recognized pollutant type in the environment that accumulates in aquatic organisms throughout the food chain. Scallops are the third most consumed shellfish in China. We therefore studied the accumulation, chemical forms, and distribution of semicarbazide in scallop tissues. Semicarbazide added to tank seawater resulted in its accumulation in both free and tissue-bound forms and the levels varied according to tissue and were present in all tissues examined. The levels were highest in viscera and the lowest in muscle. The levels of semicarbazide in the environment and in cultured shellfish should be monitored to ensure food quality and safety and human health. Abstract Semicarbazide is a newly recognized marine pollutant and has the potential to threaten marine shellfish, the ecological equilibrium and human health. In this study, we examined the accumulation, distribution, and chemical forms of semicarbazide in scallop tissues after exposure to 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L for 30 d at 10 °C. We found a positive correlation between semicarbazide residues in the scallops and the exposure concentration (p < 0.01). Semicarbazide existed primarily in free form in all tissues while bound semicarbazide ranged from 12.1 to 32.7% and was tissue-dependent. The time for semicarbazide to reach steady-state enrichment was 25 days and the highest levels were found in the disgestive gland, followed by gills while levels in gonads and mantle were similar and were lowest in adductor muscle. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of semicarbazide at low exposure concentrations was higher than that at high exposure concentrations. These results indicated that the scallop can uptake semicarbazide from seawater and this affects the quality and safety of these types of products when used as a food source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Weihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jixing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhaoxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Panpan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xuying Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.X.); (X.S.); (J.P.); (P.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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20
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Yang H, Jiang X, Wang Y, Li C, Hang L, Huang W. Determination of semicarbazide residue in human urine samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:922-930. [PMID: 33872132 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1898678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) with pre-column derivatisation was developed and validated for the determination of semicarbazide in human urine. Urine samples were derivatised with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde and subsequently extracted with acetonitrile. Extracts were concentrated and then analysed by UPLC-MS/MS. The time per run was 7 min. Good results were observed for the linearity of matrix-matched calibration curves (R2 > 0.99) in the concentration range of 1-100 µg/L. The absolute recovery ranged from 98.7% to 108.6%, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.2%-3.6%. The limit of detection and quantification for the semicarbazide was 0.5 µg/L and 1 µg/L, respectively. The method showed good extraction efficiency, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility. It was suitable for the detection of semicarbazide in human urine. Residues of semicarbazide were between 1.0 and 41.5 μg/L in children's 24-h urine. This work is the first report on the quantitative analysis of SEM in 24-h human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamei Yang
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Nanjing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Li
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Li Hang
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Weihong Huang
- Taizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
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21
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Ryu E, Park JS, Giri SS, Park SC. A simplified modification to rapidly determine the residues of nitrofurans and their metabolites in aquatic animals by HPLC triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7551-7563. [PMID: 33037540 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simplified method is described for reducing the analysis time of nitrofurans (NFs) and nitrofuran metabolites (NFMs) in the aquatic animals. Most existing HPLC-MS/MS methods are intended only for NFMs and are based on their fast metabolic transformations. We optimized a method for simultaneously detecting major NFs and their metabolites, including nitrovin (NV) that imply use of an optimized buffer solution. The novel method was validated by six different aquatic animal matrices (loach, catfish, shrimp, lobster, scallop, and eel) spiked with the analytes at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 μg kg-1. Recovery rates and %RSDs (relative standard deviations) of 82-97% and 1-8% were observed for NFMs, respectively, with values of 70-96% and 1-8% obtained for furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin, and NV, respectively. Linearity was observed in the 0.1-20 μg L-1 range, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99 recorded for all compounds. The developed method is sensitive, accurate, easier to use, and faster than previous methods when applied to real samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method that can simultaneously determine NFs and their metabolites, as well as NV, using a single-step extraction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunChae Ryu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sung Park
- Seoul Regional Office, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Seoul, 07670, Republic of Korea
| | - Sib Sankar Giri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chang Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Signal amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with gold nanoparticles for sensitive detection of trace furaltadone metabolite. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Johnston J, Duverna R, Williams M, Kishore R, Yee C, Jarosh J. Investigating the Suitability of Semicarbazide as an Indicator of Preharvest Nitrofurazone Use in Raw Chicken. J Food Prot 2020; 83:1368-1373. [PMID: 32294171 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Semicarbazide (SEM) is the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's official marker for nitrofurazone use in food animals. The U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service conducted a study to evaluate the source of SEM that was identified by a U.S. trading partner in a subset of chicken samples presented for inspection, even though nitrofurazone has been banned from use in U.S. food-producing animals since 2002. The study design included analyses to detect and quantify total and bound SEM in chicken collected from the eight U.S. establishments that were associated with the reported detection of SEM. Samples were collected immediately following evisceration, chilling, and cutting carcass into parts (cut-up). Although antimicrobial interventions (processes to reduce pathogen concentrations) are typically used at all three of these processing steps, the product contact time during chilling is significantly longer (hours versus seconds) than during evisceration and cut-up. In addition, parts were analyzed after 0, 10, 20, and 30 days of frozen storage. No postevisceration samples tested positive for SEM; however, most samples collected postchilling and after cut-up tested positive. The absence of SEM in postevisceration samples and detection in the subsequent postchilling samples and after the cut-up samples suggest that the detection of SEM in the sampled products is not indicative of preharvest nitrofurazone use and may be a result of postharvest processing in these establishments. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- John Johnston
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building D, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526.,(ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-1874 [J.Johnston])
| | - Randolph Duverna
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, Patriots Plaza III, 355 East Street S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250
| | - Michael Williams
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building D, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526
| | - Rita Kishore
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, Patriots Plaza III, 355 East Street S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250
| | - Catalina Yee
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, Western Laboratory, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, USA
| | - John Jarosh
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health Science, Patriots Plaza III, 355 East Street S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250
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Kumaravel S, Balamurugan T, Jia SH, Lin HY, Huang ST. Ratiometric electrochemical molecular switch for sensing hypochlorous acid: Applicable in food analysis and real-time in-situ monitoring. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1106:168-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Aryal M, Muriana PM. Efficacy of Commercial Sanitizers Used in Food Processing Facilities for Inactivation of Listeria Monocytogenes, E. Coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Biofilms. Foods 2019; 8:E639. [PMID: 31817159 PMCID: PMC6963748 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria entrapped in biofilms are a source of recurring problems in food processing environments. We recently developed a robust, 7-day biofilm microplate protocol for creating biofilms with strongly adherent strains of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella serovars that could be used to examine the effectiveness of various commercial sanitizers. Listeria monocytogenes 99-38, E.coli O157:H7 F4546, and Salmonella Montevideo FSIS 051 were determined from prior studies to be good biofilm formers and could be recovered and enumerated from biofilms following treatment with trypsin. Extended biofilms were generated by cycles of growth and washing daily, for 7 days, to remove planktonic cells. We examined five different sanitizers (three used at two different concentrations) for efficacy against the three pathogenic biofilms. Quaternary ammonium chloride (QAC) and chlorine-based sanitizers were the least effective, showing partial inhibition of the various biofilms within 2 h (1-2 log reduction). The best performing sanitizer across all three pathogens was a combination of modified QAC, hydrogen peroxide, and diacetin which resulted in ~6-7 log reduction, reaching levels below our limit of detection (LOD) within 1-2.5 min. All treatments were performed in triplicate replication and analyzed by one way repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) to determine significant differences (p < 0.05) in the response to sanitizer treatment over time. Analysis of 7-day biofilms by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggests the involvement of extracellular polysaccharides with Salmonella and E. coli, which may make their biofilms more impervious to sanitizers than L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Aryal
- Robert M. Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6055, USA;
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6055, USA
| | - Peter M. Muriana
- Robert M. Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6055, USA;
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6055, USA
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26
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Complete validation according to current international criteria of a confirmatory quantitative method for the determination of nitrofuran metabolites in seafood by liquid chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2019; 300:125175. [PMID: 31323606 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the ban of nitrofurans (NFs) for use in food production in many countries in the 1990s, NF metabolites in food are still regularly detected during import control testing. We have developed a confirmatory routine method for the detection and quantification of NF metabolites in seafood using LC-MS/MS and validated the method according to the strict criteria in European legislation and Codex Alimentarius. Method characteristics were found to fulfill the criteria. We report for the first time a new false positive for 1-amino-2,4-imidazolidinedione (AHD), the metabolite of Nitrofurantoin (NFT). By using optimized washing procedures, the non tissue bound false positives can be minimized. The results from the validation on both lean and fatty fish and crustaceans, results from proficiency tests and routine use over many years, demonstrates that the method is fit for purpose to determine NF metabolites in the seafood category.
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Zuma NH, Aucamp J, N'Da DD. An update on derivatisation and repurposing of clinical nitrofuran drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 140:105092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Interactions of preservatives in meat processing: Formation of carcinogenic compounds, analytical methods, and inhibitory agents. Food Res Int 2019; 125:108608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Yudan Zhu, Hang Y, Huang X, Song C. Sensitive Determination of Semicarbazide in Flour by Differential Pulse Voltammetry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934819090120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yu W, Liu W, Sang Y, Wang X. Analysis of Endogenous Semicarbazide during the Whole Growth Cycle of Litopenaeus vannamei and Its Possible Biosynthetic Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8235-8242. [PMID: 31260295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the biosynthetic pathway of endogenous semicarbazide (SEM) in shrimps using Litopenaeus vannamei as the model target. To achieve this objective, the content of SEM in L. vannamei throughout the whole growth cycle was monitored under the strict control of external environmental interference. Experimental results showed that SEM was found in the shrimp shell at all stages, with its content decreasing first and then increasing, and no SEM was detected in the shrimp muscle of each growth stage. This indicated that endogenous SEM in L. vannamei was derived from the shrimp shell. At the same time, the content of amino acids in the shrimp shell and the corresponding substances involved in the urea cycle in the entire growth cycle of shrimp were monitored. The correlation analysis between them and the changes in the SEM content in shrimp showed that arginine had the largest correlation coefficient (0.952) with the changes in the SEM content. The main substances of the urea cycle may be related to the production of SEM. In combination with the water environmental test of high ammonia nitrogen, it was presumed that the formation of endogenous SEM was related to the amidine group of arginine and amide structure of citrulline and urea. Arginine, citrulline, and urea in the urea cycle of L. vannamei eventually produced SEM via an oxaziridine intermediate under the action of hydrogen peroxide and ammonia, and a standardized reaction test was conducted to verify the hypothesis and, thus, provided a new idea for future endogenous SEM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Fangshan , P. R. China
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31
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Yu M, Feng Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Tian H, Wang W, Ru S. Semicarbazide disturbs the reproductive system of male zebrafish (Danio rerio) through the GABAergic system. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:149-157. [PMID: 28834696 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SMC), an emerging water contaminant, exerts anti-estrogenic effects in female zebrafish. However, the exact influence of SMC on male reproduction remains unclear. In this study, adult male zebrafish were exposed to 1-1000μg/L SMC in a semi-static system for 28 d prior to examining the testicular somatic index (TSI), testis histology, plasma sex hormone levels, and the transcription of genes involved in reproduction. The results showed that testicular morphology was altered and TSI was down-regulated by high concentrations of SMC (≥100μg/L and 1000μg/L, respectively). Plasma testosterone and 17β-estradiol concentrations were significantly decreased by all of the SMC treatments, along with down-regulation of the corresponding steroidogenic gene transcripts. These changes were associated with the inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis and function, in addition to the decreased expression of reproductive regulators. Our results contribute to elucidating the mechanisms underlying the adverse reproductive effects of SMC in male zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yongliang Feng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Hua Tian
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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32
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Park MS, Kim KT, Kang JS. Development of an analytical method for detecting nitrofurans in bee pollen by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1046:172-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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33
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Kwon JW. Semicarbazide: Natural occurrence and uncertain evidence of its formation from food processing. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Fernando R, Munasinghe D, Gunasena A, Abeynayake P. Determination of nitrofuran metabolites in shrimp muscle by liquid chromatography-photo diode array detection. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Identification and quantification of nitrofurazone metabolites by ultraperformance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry with precolumn derivatization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:2255-2260. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Zhao H, Guo W, Quan W, Jiang J, Qu B. Occurrence and levels of nitrofuran metabolites in sea cucumber from Dalian, China. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1672-1677. [PMID: 27748168 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1217069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence and levels of nitrofuran metabolites (NFMs) in sea cucumber (SC) from Dalian, China, are reported. Four metabolites including 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ), 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), semicarbazide (SEM) and 1-aminohydantoin (AHD) in different SC products (fresh, instant and dry salted SCs) were measured. The frequency of occurrence for NFMs in all SC samples was 42.7%. The total NFM concentrations ranged from non-detectable to 64.6 ng g-1, with a mean of 3.59 ng g-1. AOZ and SEM were the dominant congeners, accounting for 40.1% and 59.1% of the total NFMs, respectively. The concentrations and patterns varied among different regions. Higher levels of NFMs were found in the fresh SC products, and the order for the average concentration of ∑4NFM was fresh > dry salted > instant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , China
| | - Wuxia Guo
- b Department of Scientific Research , Dalian Institute of Food Inspection , Dalian , China
| | - Wenna Quan
- a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , China
| | - Jingqiu Jiang
- a Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , China
| | - Baocheng Qu
- b Department of Scientific Research , Dalian Institute of Food Inspection , Dalian , China
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37
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Wang Y, Wong TY, Chan W. Quantitation of the DNA Adduct of Semicarbazide in Organs of Semicarbazide-Treated Rats by Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Comparative Study with the RNA Adduct. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1560-4. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Room 4520, Academic Building, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tin-Yan Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Room 4520, Academic Building, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Room 4520, Academic Building, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Pearson RA, Evans C, Bendall JG. Nitrofurazone quantification in milk at the European Union minimum required performance limit of 1 ng g−1: circumventing the semicarbazide problem. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1324-36. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1209692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang Y, Chan W. Automated In-Injector Derivatization Combined with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Semicarbazide in Fish and Bread Samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2802-8. [PMID: 26985968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (1) is a widespread genotoxic food contaminant originating as a metabolic byproduct of the antibiotic nitrofurazone used in fish farming or as a thermal degradation product of the common flour additive azodicarbonamide. The goal of this study is to develop a simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method for the detection of compound 1 in food products. In comparison to existing methods for the determination of compound 1, the reported method combining online precolumn derivatization and HPLC-FLD is less labor-intensive, produces higher sample throughput, and does not require the use of expensive analytical instruments. After validation of accuracy and precision, this method was applied to determine the amount of compound 1 in fish and bread samples. Comparative studies using an established liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method did not yield systematically different results, indicating that the developed HPLC-FLD method is accurate and suitable for the determination of compound 1 in fish and bread samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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40
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Zhang X, Chen S, Xu H, Zhang S, Yan Z, Wang J. Identification and occurrence of endogenous semicarbazide in prawns and crabs from Zhejiang Province, China. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 33:252-8. [PMID: 26673043 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1131336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SEM) is a side-chain metabolite of the antibiotic drug nitrofurazone (NFZ) and is employed as a conclusive marker for the use of banned NFZ. Recent studies have shown that SEM in aquatic crustaceans can be derived natively or from other sources. The presence and distribution of endogenous SEM within aquatic crustaceans is examined in this paper, which finds that the SEM content varies amongst the muscle, shell, and viscera of various prawn and crab species within the range of 0.35-26.62 ng g(-1). The effects of heating and hypochlorite treatment on SEM levels were examined. The results indicate that thermal processing introduced a more significant impact, resulting in a maximum SEM value of 15.48 ng g(-1) in a sample of shell of Portunus trituberculatus crab, while SEM levels in muscle samples were not affected by the duration of heating. Though 6% active chlorine treatment led to SEM production ranging between 39.9 and 196.4 ng g(-1) in muscle samples from various crustaceans, SEM is unlikely to originate from hypochlorite or chlorine in practice where there are limits to actual chlorine in sanitation water and facilities. 5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde (NF) was proposed as a selective marker to differentiate between endogenous SEM and NFZ-derived SEM in seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- a Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement , Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan , China
| | - Si Chen
- a Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement , Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan , China.,b Marine and Fisheries Research Institute , Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan , China
| | - Hanxiang Xu
- a Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement , Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan , China.,b Marine and Fisheries Research Institute , Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan , China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- a Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement , Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan , China.,b Marine and Fisheries Research Institute , Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan , China
| | - Zhongyong Yan
- a Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement , Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan , China
| | - Jian Wang
- a Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement , Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan , China
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41
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Stadler RH, Verzegnassi L, Seefelder W, Racault L. Why semicarbazide (SEM) is not an appropriate marker for the usage of nitrofurazone on agricultural animals. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1842-50. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1086028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Zhang S, Guo Y, Yan Z, Sun X, Zhang X. A selective biomarker for confirming nitrofurazone residues in crab and shrimp using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:8971-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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43
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Abernethy GA. Generation of semicarbazide from natural azine development in foods, followed by reaction with urea compounds. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1416-30. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1067724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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45
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Points J, Thorburn Burns D, Walker MJ. Forensic issues in the analysis of trace nitrofuran veterinary residues in food of animal origin. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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46
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Kaufmann A, Butcher P, Maden K, Walker S, Widmer M. Determination of nitrofuran and chloramphenicol residues by high resolution mass spectrometry versus tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 862:41-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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47
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Torre CALDL, Blanco JE, Silva JT, Paschoalin VMF, Conte Júnior CA. Chromatographic detection of nitrofurans in foods of animal origin. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000532013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrofurans are antibacterials banned in livestock by different countries due to its relationship with the production of carcinogenic metabolites. Several studies have been conducted to find the best methodology to identify these residues. Te objectives of this review work were to show the risk of nitrofuran metabolites (furazolidone; nitrofurazone; nitrofurantoin, furaltadone and nifursol); to explain the application of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to determine the presence of these residues in foods of animal origin; and, finally, to report some methodologies that were recently used in different foods of animal origin.
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48
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Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of semicarbazide hydrochloride in Wistar Hannover GALAS rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 73:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Tian WR, Sang YX, Wang XH. Semicarbazide – from state-of-the-art analytical methods and exposure to toxicity: a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:1850-60. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.953012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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50
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Gao S, Wang W, Tian H, Zhang X, Guo L, Ru S. An emerging water contaminant, semicarbazide, exerts an anti-estrogenic effect in zebrafish (Danio rerio). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 93:280-288. [PMID: 24929547 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To determine the endocrine disrupting effect of semicarbazide, an emerging water contaminant, the changes in transcript levels of hepatic estrogen-response genes including vitellogenin-1 (vtg-1), estrogen receptor α (ERα), and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) were measured in male and female zebrafish exposed to semicarbazide with or without exogenous 17β-estradiol (E2). Exposure of male zebrafish to semicarbazide for 96 h or 28 days resulted in no significant induction in hepatic vtg-1, ERα, or ERβ mRNA expression, indicating that semicarbazide has no estrogenic effect. However, a remarkable anti-estrogenic effect of semicarbazide was demonstrated: semicarbazide treatment of female zebrafish for 96 h and 28 days resulted in significant decreases in transcript levels of vtg-1, ERα, and ERβ, as well as decreases in the gonadosomatic index level after 28 days. Moreover, semicarbazide exposure significantly inhibited the induction of vtg-1, ERα and ERβ mRNA by E2 when male zebrafish were co-exposed for 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Gao
- Marine Life Science College, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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