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Joshua George A, John R, Rajkumar E, Wajid M, Lakshmi R. Eudaimonia and mindfulness as predictors of alcohol-dependence: a pilot study. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2022.2157964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allen Joshua George
- Humanities & Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Management, Ranchi, India
| | - Romate John
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Eslavath Rajkumar
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Maria Wajid
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - R. Lakshmi
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
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Kim H, Li N, Broyles A, Musoka L, Correa-Fernández V. Validity of the 15-item five-facet mindfulness questionnaire among an ethnically diverse sample of university students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:450-459. [PMID: 33760716 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1892700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines the psychometrics of the 15-item version of the Five-Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-15). PARTICIPANTS An ethnically diverse sample of 538 college students participated in this study. METHODS The factor structure was evaluated through confirmatory factor analyses fitting 64 alternative models with and without method factors. Model fit as well as valid interpretations of the model parameters were considered in selecting the final model. Utilizing the final selected model, the relationship between mindfulness and the mindfulness facets with two related constructs, psychological inflexibility and emotional distress tolerance was examined. RESULTS The five-facet second-order model with a single-method factor best fitted to the data and provided sound, interpretable estimates. After accounting for the single-method effect, overall mindfulness was positively correlated with emotional distress tolerance and negatively correlated with psychological inflexibility. CONCLUSIONS The FFMQ-15 was a valid measure of mindfulness among university students when accounting for the method factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjoe Kim
- Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences Department, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nan Li
- Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences Department, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amanda Broyles
- Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences Department, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lena Musoka
- Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences Department, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Virmarie Correa-Fernández
- Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences Department, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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3
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Gender differences in the stress-buffering effects of mindfulness facets on substance use among low-income adolescents. Addict Behav 2023; 136:107491. [PMID: 36115085 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Problematic substance use during adolescence predicts numerous adverse outcomes, including increased risk of substance use disorders in adulthood. Adolescents often use substances to cope with stress, particularly adolescents who have experienced environmental stress in childhood (e.g., low-income environments), but research indicates stress-related substance use disorders may develop differently across gender. This highlights a need to identify coping resources for stress-related substance use and understand whether these coping resources are differentially effective across gender. Mindfulness has garnered evidence as a coping resource for stress-related problematic substance use; however, there is limited research on how specific mindfulness facets (e.g., nonjudgment) may buffer against stress-related substance use among adolescents. This study examined whether overall mindfulness and specific facets buffered the association between stress and substance use differentially across gender in a predominantly low-income, racially-diverse (42 % Black, 24 % White, 15 % Hispanic/Latinx, 13 % Asian, 3 % American Indian/Alaskan Native, and 3 % multiracial) sample of adolescents (n = 212) using moderated moderation models. Girls with lower levels of two mindfulness facets (i.e., acceptance/nonjudgement, decentering/nonreactivity), relative to girls with higher levels, demonstrated a greater probability of substance use with increased stress. Conversely, boys with higher levels of acceptance/nonjudgement and decentering/nonreactivity, relative to boys with lower levels, reported a greater probability of substance use with increased stress. Results suggest that acceptance/nonjudgment and decentering/nonreactivity may be protective against stress-related substance use for girls and potentially contraindicated for boys, indicating that adolescent substance use prevention and intervention efforts may need to be tailored by gender.
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Rosenthal A, Garbusow M, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Beck A. Effects of a brief mindfulness meditation practice on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in alcohol use disorder - a pilot study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1134458. [PMID: 37168079 PMCID: PMC10164967 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1134458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pavlovian conditioned contextual cues have been suggested to modulate instrumental action and might explain maladaptive behavior such as relapse in participants suffering from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Pavlovian-to-Instrumental transfer (PIT) experimentally assesses the magnitude of this context-dependent effect and studies have shown a larger PIT effect in AUD populations. Taken this into account, a reduction of the influence of cues on behavior seems warranted and one approach that could alter such cue reactivity is mindfulness. Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to be efficient in the treatment of AUD, but underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we aim at investigating the effect of a brief mindful body scan meditation on the magnitude of the PIT effect in AUD subjects and matched controls. Methods Using a randomized within-subjects design, we compared the effect of a short audio guided body scan meditation against a control condition (audio of nature sounds) on PIT in healthy (n = 35) and AUD (n = 27) participants. Results We found no differences in PIT effect between healthy and AUD participants as well as between conditions. However, a significant interaction effect points to a decreased PIT effect after body scan meditation in AUD subjects only. Discussion These pilot results suggest that AUD might be susceptible to mindfulness-induced changes in PIT, with these findings contributing to entangling the underlying mechanisms of the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in AUD. However, further investigation should confirm these preliminary results and the efficacy of mindfulness meditation practice in decreasing the PIT effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Rosenthal
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Berlin University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- *Correspondence: Annika Rosenthal,
| | - Maria Garbusow
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Berlin University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Berlin University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Beck
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health and Medical University, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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5
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St Martin MW, Vidic Z, Oxhandler R. Exploring the impact of a mindfulness meditation class on college student stress levels and quality of life. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-7. [PMID: 36328779 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2133962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study explored the differences in perceptions of stress levels and quality of life amongst college students enrolled in mindfulness meditation classes and those enrolled in an introductory holistic health class. Participants: 236 undergraduate students at a mid-sized university completed coursework and surveys. Methods: One-credit mindfulness meditation classes and an introductory holistic health class, serving as the control group, were offered over the course of one semester. Pre- and posttest questionnaires on stress and quality of life were administered to the participants. Results: Students enrolled in mindfulness meditation classes began with higher stress levels and lower perceptions of their quality of life compared to the control group. The mindfulness meditation class participants ended with both significantly lower stress levels and higher quality of life scores then the control group. Conclusions: Offering mindfulness meditation classes for credit may help promote positive mental health and well-being for students on a college campus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W St Martin
- Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Zeljka Vidic
- Health Performance and Health Education, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Richard Oxhandler
- Integrative Holistic Health and Wellness, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
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Fernandez KTG, Centeno RPR, Samaco-Zamora MCF. Effects of an adapted mindfulness-based intervention on well-being in a Filipino college sample. ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF COUNSELLING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/21507686.2022.2112246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Maccombs‐Hunter S, Bhat CS. Exploring psychological distress and impulsivity as predictors of undergraduate problematic alcohol use. JOURNAL OF ADDICTIONS & OFFENDER COUNSELING 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jaoc.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Rainisch BKW, Dahlman L, Vigil J, Forster M. Using a multi-module web-app to prevent substance use among students at a Hispanic Serving Institution: development and evaluation design. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1198. [PMID: 35705975 PMCID: PMC9202112 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite effective strategies to prevent substance use and substance use disorders among college students, challenges remain. As young adults' preference for and comfortability with web-based technology continues to increase, leveraging innovative approaches to rapidly evolving mHealth technology is critical for the success of lowering the risk for substance use and related consequences in college populations, and especially those at Hispanic Serving Institutions. Therefore, the present study describes the rationale, development, and design of iSTART, a novel web-app to prevent substance use among students. METHODS The web-app was developed following the intervention mapping protocol, and in collaboration with numerous stakeholders, including a community-based partner specializing in substance abuse prevention and treatment. A 30-day multi-module web-app intervention was developed based on key theoretical constructs, behavior change strategies, and practical module components: attitudes (knowledge), perceived susceptibility (risk perceptions), subjective norms (normative re-education), and self-efficacy (refusal skills). This intervention will be evaluated via a time series design using a sample of 600 students randomly assigned to either the intervention, comparison, or control condition at a public institution in southern California. DISCUSSION The iSTART web-app is an innovative and sustainable program ideal for college campuses with diverse student populations. If this prevention web-app is successful, it will significantly contribute to the evidence of effective substance use interventions in the college setting, and identify the benefits of mHealth programs to prevent future substance use. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05362357 retrospectively registered on May 4, 2022 on clinicaltrials.gov .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany K W Rainisch
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330, USA.
| | - Linn Dahlman
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330, USA
| | - Jorge Vigil
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330, USA
| | - Myriam Forster
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330, USA
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The Mediating Role of Mindfulness in the relationship between emotional distress tolerance and coping Styles in Turkish University students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-022-09469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Weiss NH, Kiefer R, Goncharenko S, Raudales AM, Forkus SR, Schick MR, Contractor AA. Emotion regulation and substance use: A meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 230:109131. [PMID: 34864568 PMCID: PMC8714680 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There has been exponential growth in research on emotion regulation and substance use in the past decade. The current meta-analysis evaluated variability in the magnitude of the relation between aspects of emotion regulation and substance use. A search of PsycINFO, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and PILOTS in December 2020 resulted in 6642 initial studies, of which 95 met inclusion criteria (association between emotion regulation and substance use was reported, participants were > 18 years old, article was in English). A total of 445 effects were obtained (N = 156,025 participants; weighted Mage = 29.31; 59.5% female; 66.1% White; 76.6% non-clinical). Emotion regulation and substance use were significantly related (r = 0.19; p < 0.001; 95%CI [0.17, 0.20]). Emotion regulation abilities were generally more strongly related to substance use than emotion regulation strategies; this pattern was stronger for behavioral vs. cognitive abilities and extended to both negative and positive emotions. Relations were stronger for older and clinical samples; mixed effects were found for sex and no conclusive effects were found for race. Despite limitations of the existing literature (e.g., cross-sectional, self-reports), results indicated that the magnitude of the relation between emotion regulation and substance use varied considerably as a function of emotion regulation and substance use constructs and sample characteristics.
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Smit B, Stavrulaki E. The Efficacy of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention for College Students Under Extremely Stressful Conditions. Mindfulness (N Y) 2021; 12:3086-3100. [PMID: 34642590 PMCID: PMC8498086 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-021-01772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluates the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI), called Koru mindfulness, among college students. Methods Undergraduate students (N = 34) participated in a 4-week mindfulness curriculum embedded within a college course, while a control group (N = 35) taking a different course did not. Notably, the intervention coincided with the start of a state-wide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Despite the additional external stress, there was a significant main effect and a significant interaction between the intervention and time for state mindfulness, (the treatment group experienced increased state mindfulness). There was a significant main effect (higher for the control group) on coronavirus worry and a significant interaction between the intervention and time for perceived stress, with the treatment/control group experiencing decreased/increased stress over time. There was also a significant interaction between the intervention and time for sleep problems with the intervention group experiencing declines in sleep problems over time and also being more likely to experience optimal amounts of sleep over time. Conclusions The Koru intervention effectively increased state mindfulness, decreased stress, and improved sleep, suggesting that it is robust even under extremely stressful conditions. This study adds to the growing evidence that MBIs can play an important role in addressing rising concerns regarding the mental health of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Smit
- Management Department, Bentley University, 175 Forest Street, Waltham, MA 02452 USA
| | - Euthemia Stavrulaki
- Management Department, Bentley University, 175 Forest Street, Waltham, MA 02452 USA
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12
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Dolbier CL, Haley EN, Conder L, Guiler W. Adverse childhood experiences and adult psychopathological symptoms: The moderating role of dispositional mindfulness. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Cotter EW, Hawthorne DJ, Gerker C, Norman M, Fotang JP. A Pilot Mindfulness Intervention to Reduce Heavy Episodic Drinking. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jocc.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Colin Gerker
- Berkeley People and Culture University of California, Berkeley
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14
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Rababah JA, Al‐Hammouri MM, Drew BL. The association between mindfulness and health promotion in undergraduate nursing students: A serial multiple mediator analysis. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:3464-3472. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.14556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jehad A. Rababah
- Adult Health Nursing Department Faculty of Nursing Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan
| | - Mohammed M. Al‐Hammouri
- Community and Mental Health Department Faculty of Nursing Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan
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15
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Bodenlos JS, Hawes ES, Burstein SM, Arroyo KM. Association of cognitive fusion with domains of health. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Shuai R, Bakou AE, Hardy L, Hogarth L. Ultra-brief breath counting (mindfulness) training promotes recovery from stress-induced alcohol-seeking in student drinkers. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106141. [PMID: 31704429 PMCID: PMC6959458 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of mindfulness interventions on problematic drinking is thought to be driven by increased resilience to the impact of stress on negative mood and alcohol-seeking behaviour, but this claim needs empirical support. To address this hypothesis, the current study tested whether brief training of one component of mindfulness - breath counting - would reduce drinkers' sensitivity to the effect of noise stress on subjective mood and alcohol-seeking behaviour. Baseline alcohol-seeking was measured by choice to view alcohol versus food thumbnail pictures in 192 student drinkers. Participants then received a 6-minute audio file which either trained breath counting or recited a popular science extract, in separate groups. All participants were then stressed by a loud industrial noise and alcohol-seeking was measured again simultaneously to quantify the change from baseline. Subjective mood was measured after all three stages (baseline, post intervention, post stress test). The breath counting group were instructed to deploy this technique during the stress test. Results showed that the breath counting versus control intervention improved subjective mood relative to baseline, attenuated the worsening of subjective mood produced by stress induction, and accelerated recovery from a stress induced increase in alcohol-seeking behaviour. Exploratory moderation analysis showed that this accelerated recovery from stress induced alcohol-seeking by breath counting was weaker in more alcohol dependent participants. Mindfulness therapies may improve problematic drinking by increasing resilience to stress induced negative mood and alcohol-seeking, as observed in this study. The weaker therapeutic effect of breath counting in more dependent drinkers may reveal limitations to this intervention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichong Shuai
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Alexandra Elissavet Bakou
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Lorna Hardy
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK.
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Effect of Mindfulness on Empathy and Self-Compassion: An Adapted MBCT Program on Filipino College Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10030061. [PMID: 32120924 PMCID: PMC7139462 DOI: 10.3390/bs10030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Attending college is meaningful for many young adults. This period is marked by physical, emotional, and psychological changes that can have both positive and negative effects on college students. The last two decades have seen an alarming increase in the number of college students who suffer from mental health conditions, such as depression, suicide, anxiety, and alcohol abuse. It is recommended that actions to support the students’ wellbeing must be creative and evidence-based. Research suggests that a mindfulness-based intervention may be an effective strategy to address mental health conditions among college students. This study was done to examine the efficacy of an adapted mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) program that was implemented in a classroom setting in the Philippines and to explore how mindfulness practice can affect empathy and self-compassion on senior Filipino college students aged 19–22 years old. Two classes were used to compare the effects of mindfulness intervention. One class underwent the adapted MBCT program while the other class underwent the same kind of class without mindfulness interventions. Self-report measures of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Perspective Taking subscale and Empathic Concern subscale of Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Self-compassion scale—short form were administered before undergoing the adapted MBCT and after the program. After going through the adapted MBCT, college students’ mindfulness significantly improved. Empathy and self-compassion also significantly improved after undergoing the program. This corroborates previous studies done on mindfulness and its efficacy with adolescents and suggests how practicing mindfulness can improve empathy and self-compassion with Filipino college students. It provides a promising groundwork for the emerging interest and research in Asia, particularly in the Philippines, on how the practice of mindfulness can help with the mental health of college students.
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Pittman DM, Quayson AA, Rush CR, Minges ML. Revisiting resilience: Examining the relationships between stress, social support, and drinking behavior among black college students with parental substance use disorder histories. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2019; 21:90-111. [PMID: 31876446 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2019.1707142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the role social support plays in the relationship between life stress and problem alcohol use behavior in a sample of Black emerging adults in college with histories of parental substance use disorders (SUD). Participants were 1,007 Black emerging adult college students, recruited as part of a larger multi-wave, multisite, study investigating coping behavior among emerging adults in college. Findings suggest that Black college students with parental SUDs engage in riskier and coping motivated drinking behaviors more than those without such histories, and their alcohol use behaviors are more strongly linked to experiencing life stress, despite similar levels of perceived social support. Social support from friends and sufficient global social support help to mediate this adverse relationship. Parental SUD may serve as a readily identifiable risk factor for risky drinking behavior among Black college students. Implications for future research and clinical practice are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delishia M Pittman
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Department of Counseling and Human Development, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Alicia A Quayson
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Department of Counseling and Human Development, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Cassandra Riedy Rush
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Department of Counseling and Human Development, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Melanie L Minges
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Department of Counseling and Human Development, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Gorvine MM, Zaller ND, Hudson HK, Demers D, Kennedy LA. A naturalistic study of yoga, meditation, self-perceived stress, self-compassion, and mindfulness in college students. Health Psychol Behav Med 2019; 7:385-395. [PMID: 34040857 PMCID: PMC8114396 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2019.1688154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study compared the effects of yoga and mindfulness meditation on self-compassion, mindfulness, and perceived stress in college students; and explored mind–body mechanisms and predictors of stress reduction. Participants: Student participants (N = 92) were enrolled in either yoga or mindfulness meditation classes at a college in the southern United States from August through May of 2015–2016. Methods: Students participated in 50-minute classes twice a week for 10 weeks, completing self-report questionnaires during the 1st and 10th week. Results: Multiple-linear regression analysis found change in self-compassion was the strongest predictor of stress reduction. Conclusions: Increasing self-compassion may increase the efficacy of mind–body interventions. Research into mind–body mechanisms is needed to identify intervention components that most improve student well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Gorvine
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Nickolas D Zaller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Heather K Hudson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, USA
| | - Denise Demers
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, USA
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Sala M, Rochefort C, Lui PP, Baldwin AS. Trait mindfulness and health behaviours: a meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev 2019; 14:345-393. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1650290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Sala
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - P. Priscilla Lui
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Austin S. Baldwin
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
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21
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Dvořáková K, Greenberg MT, Roeser RW. On the role of mindfulness and compassion skills in students' coping, well-being, and development across the transition to college: A conceptual analysis. Stress Health 2019; 35:146-156. [PMID: 30516320 PMCID: PMC6491916 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we aim to integrate the current conceptual approaches to stress and coping processes during the college transition with the potential role of mindfulness and compassion (MC) skills on students' well-being and development. First, we provide an overview of the issues and challenges emerging adults are facing during the transition to college, drawing on the revised version of the transactional stress model by Lazarus and Folkman (1984). Second, we introduce a conceptual model of adaptive stress and coping processes enhanced by MC skills to positively impact the appraisal and coping resources and emerging adults' mental health. Specifically, MC skills may play an important role in promoting a healthy stress response by strengthening emerging adults' socioemotional competencies and supporting the development of adaptive appraisal and coping resources, including processes antecedent and consequent to a coping encounter. In particular, MC skills were hypothesized to enhance (a) preparedness to cope, (b) productive stress response through adaptive appraisals and skillful deployment of coping resources, and (c) healthy postcoping reflections. Therefore, MC skills may be a useful preventive tool to strengthen emerging adults' ability to adjust to a new academic environment and fulfil the developmental tasks of this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Dvořáková
- Human Development and Family Studies Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mark T Greenberg
- Human Development and Family Studies Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Robert W Roeser
- Human Development and Family Studies Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Bilevicius E, Single A, Rapinda KK, Bristow LA, Keough MT. Frequent solitary drinking mediates the associations between negative affect and harmful drinking in emerging adults. Addict Behav 2018; 87:115-121. [PMID: 30005333 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression and anxiety are highly comorbid conditions that are associated with harmful drinking. Social learning theory proposes that depressed or anxious individuals learn that drinking can reduce negative affect, which makes them susceptible to harmful drinking. Consistent with theory, evidence suggests that negative affect increases risk for harmful drinking. But, less is known about mediators of negative affect-pathways to harmful drinking. Research has demonstrated that solitary drinking is an underlying mechanism of harmful drinking among emerging adults with high levels of negative affect. However, much of this work is cross-sectional. We conducted a longitudinal study to examine solitary drinking as a key explanatory variable in the negative-affect pathway to harmful drinking. METHODS Emerging adults (N = 308) completed online self-reports of depression and anxiety at Time 1 (the beginning of their first semester in university), and drinking context and harmful drinking at Time 2 (the end of their first semester of university). RESULTS Structural equation modeling supported indirect effects from negative affect to harmful drinking via solitary drinking. Specifically, emerging adults with high levels of negative affect at the beginning of their first semester engaged in frequent solitary drinking over the rest of the semester, and subsequently experienced increased harmful drinking (controlling for Time 1 solitary/social drinking and harmful use). Social drinking was not a mediator of this effect. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal that solitary drinking uniquely mediated the relation between negative affect and harmful drinking. Reducing solitary drinking might mitigate negative affect-related risk for harmful drinking in emerging adults.
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Fuente JDL, Mañas I, Franco C, Cangas AJ, Soriano E. Differential Effect of Level of Self-Regulation and Mindfulness Training on Coping Strategies Used by University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102230. [PMID: 30314383 PMCID: PMC6210926 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to verify, in a group of psychology students, whether mindfulness training in conjunction with the individual’s level of self-regulation behavior would produce a change in the use of coping strategies. A total of 38 students participated in this study, with one experimental group and one control group, in a randomized controlled trial. Observation of the experimental group revealed a significant decrease in specific emotion-focused, negative coping strategies (preparing for the worst, resigned acceptance, emotional venting, and isolation), and a significant increase in specific problem-focused, positive coping (positive reappraisal and firmness, self-talk, help for action), in combination with students’ existing low-medium-high level of self-regulation. The importance and usefulness of mindfulness techniques in Higher Education is discussed, in conjunction with differences in university students’ level of self-regulation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús de la Fuente
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario s/n. 31009 Pamplona, Spain.
- School of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Avenida Pedro de Valdivia, 425, Providencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - Israel Mañas
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain.
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Clemente Franco
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Adolfo J Cangas
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Encarnación Soriano
- Department of Education, University of Almería, Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain.
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. Relationship Between Mindfulness, Weight, and Weight-Related Behaviors in College Students: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/act.2018.29182.lnl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette Nathalie Lyzwinski
- Lynnette Lyzwinski, MPhil, is a PhD candidate at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liam Caffery
- Liam Caffery, PhD, is a senior researcher at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, and director of telehealth technology
| | - Matthew Bambling
- Matthew Bambling, PhD, is a clinical psychologist, researcher, and director of postgraduate coursework in medicine at the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and is affiliated with the Centre for Online Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- Sisira Edirippulige, PhD, is a lecturer on e-health and researcher at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland
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Joiner KL, Holland ML, Grey M. Stressful Life Events in Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes in the U.S. T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. J Nurs Scholarsh 2018; 50:676-686. [PMID: 30246919 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose was to test associations among stressful life events, frequency of missed insulin doses, and glycemic control in young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). DESIGN The study was a cross-sectional descriptive secondary analysis. METHODS Data from 2,921 participants (ages 18-26 years) in the U.S. T1D Exchange Clinic Registry were analyzed. Report of a stressful life event was defined as one or more positive responses on a 17-item stressful life events index and defined as a dichotomous variable (yes or no). Frequency of missed insulin doses was measured using a single self-report item and collapsed into two levels (fewer than three times a week, three or more times a week). The glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) level recorded at the time of enrollment was used to assess glycemic control. FINDINGS Nearly half (48.6%) of the participants reported having a stressful life event during the previous year. The most frequently reported stressful life events were problems at work or school (16.1%), serious arguments with family members or a close friend (15.2%), and financial problems in the family (13.8%). Compared to the participants not reporting stressful life events, those who reported stressful life events were more likely to be older, female, with a higher educational attainment level, and not working or unemployed. Those who reported a stressful life event were more likely than those who did not to say they typically missed insulin doses at least three times a week and less likely to say they typically missed insulin doses fewer than three times a week (p < .001 adjusted for age, sex, race or ethnicity, educational attainment level, duration of T1D diagnosis, and insulin delivery method). Mean A1c level was higher for the group who reported having a stressful life event in the past 12 months compared to the group who did not (8.7 ± 1.8% vs. 8.2 ± 1.6%; adjusted p < .001). The results of a mediation analysis suggest that the measure of frequency of missed insulin doses may be a mediator of the relationship between recent stressful life events and glycemic control (Sobel test: ab = .841, 95% confidence interval = 0.064-1.618). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, for young adults with T1D, the experience of stressful life events may increase their risk for poorer glycemic control, possibly by disrupting adherence with insulin doses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Further exploration of these relationships may allow for the potential for identifying those at risk and assisting them with more positive approaches to managing stressful events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Joiner
- Rho, Research Fellow, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Margaret L Holland
- Associate Research Scientist in Nursing, Yale University School of Nursing, Orange, CT, USA
| | - Margaret Grey
- Delta Mu , Annie Goodrich Professor of Nursing, Yale University School of Nursing, Orange, CT, USA
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Gardiner PM, McCue KD, Negash LM, Cheng T, White LF, Yinusa-Nyahkoon L, Jack BW, Bickmore TW. Engaging women with an embodied conversational agent to deliver mindfulness and lifestyle recommendations: A feasibility randomized control trial. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2017; 100:1720-1729. [PMID: 28495391 PMCID: PMC5559098 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This randomized controlled trial evaluates the feasibility of using an Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) to teach lifestyle modifications to urban women. METHODS Women were randomized to either 1) an ECA (content included: mindfulness, stress management, physical activity, and healthy eating) or 2) patient education sheets mirroring same content plus a meditation CD/MP3 once a day for one month. General outcome measures included: number of stress management techniques used, physical activity levels, and eating patterns. RESULTS Sixty-one women ages 18 to 50 were enrolled. On average, 51% identified as white, 26% as black, 23% as other races; and 20% as Hispanic. The major stress management techniques reported at baseline were: exercise (69%), listening to music (70%), and social support (66%). After one month, women randomized to the ECA significantly decreased alcohol consumption to reduce stress (p=0.03) and increased daily fruit consumption by an average of 2 servings compared to the control (p=0.04). CONCLUSION It is feasible to use an ECA to promote health behaviors on stress management and healthy eating among diverse urban women. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Compared to patient information sheets, ECAs provide promise as a way to teach healthy lifestyle behaviors to diverse urban women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Gardiner
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA.
| | - Kelly D McCue
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Lily M Negash
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Teresa Cheng
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Laura F White
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Leanne Yinusa-Nyahkoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Brian W Jack
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Timothy W Bickmore
- College of Computer and Information Science, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
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Kraemer KM, O'Bryan EM, Johnson AL, McLeish AC. The role of mindfulness skills in terms of anxiety-related cognitive risk factors among college students with problematic alcohol use. Subst Abus 2017; 38:337-343. [PMID: 28594607 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2017.1340394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to examine the associations between the specific mindfulness skills of observing, describing, awareness, nonjudgment, and nonreactivity in terms of anxiety sensitivity (AS), distress tolerance (DT), and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) among college students with problematic alcohol use. METHODS Participants were 202 (69.3% male; Mage = 18.96, SD = 2.24, range = 18-45 years) undergraduate college students with problematic alcohol use who completed self-report measures for course credit. RESULTS Results indicated that after controlling for the effects of gender, smoking status, marijuana use status, and negative affectivity, greater use of the mindfulness skill of observing was associated with higher AS, greater describing was associated with lower AS and higher DT, greater nonjudgment was associated with lower AS and IU and higher DT, and greater nonreactivity was associated with increased DT. Awareness did not significantly predict any of the examined risk factors. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that specific mindfulness skills are associated with a greater tolerance of physiological, emotional, and uncertain states. An important next step will be to examine whether mindfulness skills are associated with decreased problematic alcohol use due to improvements in these anxiety-related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Kraemer
- a Department of Psychology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - Emily M O'Bryan
- a Department of Psychology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - Adrienne L Johnson
- a Department of Psychology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - Alison C McLeish
- a Department of Psychology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
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Coiro MJ, Bettis AH, Compas BE. College students coping with interpersonal stress: Examining a control-based model of coping. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2017; 65:177-186. [PMID: 27911672 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2016.1266641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ways that college students cope with stress, particularly interpersonal stress, may be a critical factor in determining which students are at risk for impairing mental health disorders. Using a control-based model of coping, the present study examined associations between interpersonal stress, coping strategies, and symptoms. PARTICIPANTS A total of 135 undergraduate students from 2 universities. METHODS Interpersonal stress, coping strategies, depression, anxiety, and somatization were assessed via self-report. RESULTS Students reporting more interpersonal stress reported more depression, anxiety, and somatization, and they reported less use of engagement coping strategies and greater use of disengagement coping strategies. Engagement coping strategies accounted for a significant portion of the association between interpersonal stress and mental health symptoms. Unexpectedly, coping strategies did not moderate the association between stress and mental health symptoms. CONCLUSION Interventions designed to improve students' coping strategies may be an effective way to reduce mental health problems on college campuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jo Coiro
- a Department of Psychology , Loyola University Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Alexandra H Bettis
- b Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee , USA
| | - Bruce E Compas
- b Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee , USA
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Abstract
High levels of stress are common among young adults, particularly those enrolled in college. These degrees of stress have shown numerous deleterious effects across both academic and health variables. Findings regarding the role of stress in the presentation of impulse control disorders, particular among college students, are limited. This study examined potential associations between perceived stress, academic achievement, physical/mental health, and impulse control disorders in young adults. A total of 1805 students completed an online survey and were included in the analysis. Responders were grouped by their overall score on the Perceived Stress Scale into mild, moderate, or severe. Severe perceived stress was associated with worse academic achievement and worse physical health, as well as higher rates of psychiatric and impulsive disorders. These findings may suggest associations between stress and numerous aspects of mental/physical health in young adults, which could be an important consideration for individuals working with college students.
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Karyadi KA, Cyders MA. Elucidating the Association between Trait Mindfulness and Alcohol Use Behaviors among College Students. Mindfulness (N Y) 2015; 6:1242-1249. [PMID: 26848315 PMCID: PMC4734757 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-015-0386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Trait mindfulness has been considered a protective factor against alcohol use behaviors; however, the specific trait mindfulness facets, the specific alcohol use behaviors, and the mechanism underlying this relationship remain unclear. The present study examined the relationship between specific trait mindfulness facets and specific alcohol use behaviors, and how cued alcohol cravings might mediate this relationship. High-risk, young adult, undergraduate social drinkers (n = 240, 75% Caucasian, 70% female, mean age 19.4 years) completed a series of questionnaires and reported their level of alcohol cravings following alcohol pictorial cue exposure. Trait mindfulness was associated with less problematic alcohol use (r = -0.19, p < 0.01), but was not associated with alcohol use quantity (r = -0.07, p = 0.30) and duration (r = -0.08, p = 0.21). Only acting with awareness was associated with all types of alcohol use behaviors-including less problematic alcohol use (β = -0.18, p = 0.02), lower alcohol use quantity (β = -0.16, p = 0.04), and shorter alcohol use duration (β = -0.19, p = 0.02). Cued alcohol cravings mediated the negative associations of overall trait mindfulness (b = -0.50, p < 0.05) and acting with awareness (b = -0.32, p < 0.05) with problematic alcohol use, and the negative associations of acting with awareness with alcohol use quantity (b = -1.24, p < 0.05) and alcohol use duration (b = -0.34, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the protective effect of trait mindfulness likely operates through reducing cued alcohol cravings and might be most specific to acting with awareness among college students, thus suggesting a differential role of separate trait mindfulness facets in this high risk group.
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Bodenlos JS, Wells SY, Noonan M, Mayrsohn A. Facets of Dispositional Mindfulness and Health Among College Students. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 21:645-52. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Y. Wells
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
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Chen Y, Feeley TH. Predicting Binge Drinking in College Students: Rational Beliefs, Stress, or Loneliness? JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 2015; 45:133-155. [PMID: 27075608 DOI: 10.1177/0047237916639812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We proposed a conceptual model to predict binge-drinking behavior among college students, based on the theory of planned behavior and the stress-coping hypothesis. A two-wave online survey was conducted with predictors and drinking behavior measured separately over 2 weeks' time. In the Wave 1 survey, 279 students at a public university in the United States answered questions assessing key predictors and individual characteristics. In the Wave 2 survey, 179 participants returned and reported their drinking behavior over 2 weeks' time. After conducting a negative binomial regression, we found that more favorable attitude toward drinking and less perceived control of drinking at Wave 1 were associated with more binge drinking at Wave 2; subjective norm at Wave 1 was not a significant predictor of binge drinking at Wave 2; students with higher stress at Wave 1 engaged in more binge drinking at Wave 2, but those with higher loneliness did not. Implications of findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Department of Communication Studies, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Hugh Feeley
- Department of Communication, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Karyadi KA, VanderVeen JD, Cyders MA. A meta-analysis of the relationship between trait mindfulness and substance use behaviors. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014; 143:1-10. [PMID: 25113434 PMCID: PMC4263033 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between trait mindfulness and substance use behaviors has been inconsistent across studies. The current meta-analysis aimed at quantifying the magnitude of this relationship, and at determining how this relationship varies in context of (1) mindfulness facets, (2) substance type, (3) sample characteristics, and (4) substance use severity. METHODS Using electronic databases, the literature search yielded 303 articles, but only 39 articles met inclusion criteria to be included in this meta-analysis. The relationship was quantified as a Pearson's r correlation coefficient for all studies. RESULTS Findings indicated a small, negative, and significant trait mindfulness-substance use behaviors relationship (r=-0.13). This relationship varied across substance type, clinical status of the sample, and substance use severity. Mindfulness facet was not a significant moderator; however, only particular facets (e.g., acting with awareness, non-judgment, and non-reactivity) were consistently associated with substance use behaviors. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis quantified the trait mindfulness-substance use behaviors relationship, which can be used as future effect size estimates. Findings also indicated that the trait mindfulness-substance use behaviors relationship was more robust: (1) for alcohol and tobacco use compared to marijuana use behaviors; (2) for problematic compared to non-problematic substance use behaviors; and (3) with inpatient compared to outpatient and non-clinical samples. Further work should continue to examine if acting with awareness, non-judgment, and non-reactivity mindfulness facets are more robustly associated with substance use behaviors. Failure to consider these factors, or collapsing across these factors, could explain the smaller or inconsistently reported associations across previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny A Karyadi
- Indiana University-Purdue University, 402 N. Blackford St., LD 124, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
| | - J Davis VanderVeen
- Indiana University-Purdue University, 402 N. Blackford St., LD 124, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Melissa A Cyders
- Indiana University-Purdue University, 402 N. Blackford St., LD 124, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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El Ansari W, Sebena R, Labeeb S. Multiple risk factors: prevalence and correlates of alcohol, tobacco and other drug (ATOD) use among university students in Egypt. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2014.923533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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