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Zhang D, Yuan T, Huang A, Li X, Yang L, Wang C, Liu M, Lei Y, Sun L, Li J, Zhang L, Zhang J. Validation of the Chinese version of the Oslo-3 Social Support Scale among nursing students: a study based on Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory models. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:360. [PMID: 38816705 PMCID: PMC11137908 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students are encountering a range of health issues. Assessing social support is a key component in most questionnaire surveys related to health status, aiming to investigate the relationships and mechanisms between health status and social support to enhance overall health. Therefore, it is essential to seek out appropriate instruments to evaluate social support for nursing students. The Oslo-3 Social Support Scale (OSSS-3) is a reliable and concise instrument for evaluating social support. To date, there have been no studies validating the OSSS-3 based on Item Response Theory (IRT) models. Also, an officially validated Chinese version has not been found. The current research intended to verify the Chinese version of the OSSS-3. METHODS The OSSS-3 was translated into Chinese and culturally adapted. Subsequently, the OSSS-3 was validated by employing the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and IRT models. RESULTS The split-half reliability was 0.622. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.687. The correlations between each item and total scores varied from 0.723 to 0.835. The retest coefficient was 0.907. The content validity index was 0.933. A single common factor was extracted and accounted for 61.559% of the variance. The item loading values on the single factor were between 0.743 and 0.814. The communalities were between 0.552 and 0.663. There was no variance between males and females (P = 0.055). The difference in scores between the top (30%) and bottom (30%) groups attained significance. IRT models results revealed that the discrimination parameters ranged from 1.39 to 2.33 and difficulty parameters increased monotonically. CONCLUSION The OSSS-3 demonstrates satisfying psychometric properties and is a proper instrument for measuring social support in Chinese nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yuan
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Anle Huang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Congzhi Wang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Liu
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Lei
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Nursing Department, the People's Hospital of Yingshang, 566 Ganluo Road, Chengbei New District, Yingshang County, Anhui Province, P.R. China.
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Zhang D, Li X, Zhang M, Huang A, Yang L, Wang C, Yuan T, Lei Y, Liu H, Hua Y, Zhang L, Zhang J. The mediating effect of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety on the relationship between social support and insomnia among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1328226. [PMID: 38414504 PMCID: PMC10896830 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1328226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Insomnia in healthcare workers has become a topic of concern in the health system. The high infectivity and longevity of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in great pressure and a high incidence of insomnia among healthcare workers. Insomnia among healthcare workers has a negative impact on high-quality healthcare services in addition to their health. Thus, it's necessary to explore insomnia's underlying mechanisms. Object The present research's aims were threefold: explored the association between social support, resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the pandemic, elucidated the underlying mechanism of insomnia, and offered recommendations for improving the health of these workers. Materials and methods A cross-sectional design was adopted. From May 20 to 30, 2022, 1038 healthcare workers were selected to fill out the Oslo 3-item Social Support Scale, the eight-item Athens Insomnia Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale. Descriptive statistics and correlations were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Mediation analysis was conducted by Mplus 8.3 using 5000 bootstrap samples. Results Of the participating 1038 healthcare workers, the prevalence of insomnia was 41.62% (432/1038). Significant associations were found involving insomnia, resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and social support. Insomnia was directly affected by social support. Moreover, three indirect pathways explain how social support affected insomnia: resilience's mediating role, COVID-19 anxiety's mediating role, and the chain-mediation role of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety. Conclusion The results validated our hypotheses and supported the opinion of Spielman et al. 's three-factor model of insomnia. Social support of healthcare workers has an indirect impact on insomnia in addition to its direct one via independent and chain-mediation effects of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Anle Huang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Congzhi Wang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yunxiao Lei
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Student Health Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Hua
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Nursing Department, The People's Hospital of Yingshang, Yingshang, Anhui, China
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3
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Makino T, Ide S, Shiino T, Hiraoka D, Ishibashi S, Suzuki F, Nishitani S. Validity and reliability of the Japanese versions of the coronavirus anxiety scale for adolescents and obsession with COVID-19 scale for adolescents. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15710. [PMID: 37576515 PMCID: PMC10422950 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused mental health issues in both adults and adolescents. The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) questionnaires measure anxiety and persistent and disturbed thoughts (also known as obsessions) related to COVID-19. We developed Japanese versions of the CAS (i.e., CAS-JA) and OCS (i.e., OCS-JA) questionnaires to make them suitable for adolescents and validated the characteristics of these scales. Methods Two online surveys were administered to high school students aged 15-18 years. A total of 263 students participated in the first survey and almost half of them participated in the second survey. In the first survey, participants responded to the CAS-JA, OCS-JA, generalized anxiety and obsessive-compulsive subscales of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS), and Kessler 6 Scale (K6). The SCAS and K6 were used to verify discriminant validity and inter-scale correlations. In the second survey, the participants completed the CAS-JA and OCS-JA again to verify test-retest reliability. We performed a confirmatory factor analysis and calculated the model fit indices. Additionally, we examined the internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, and inter-item correlations of the CAS-JA and OCS-JA. Moreover, differences in CAS-JA and OCS-JA responses by gender and region of residence (state of emergency and non-emergency areas) were examined. Results The results of the single-factor model confirmatory factor analysis of model fit indices were above the threshold. The required criteria for internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and discriminant and convergent validity were met in both the CAS-JA and OCS-JA. No statistically significant differences attributed to residence and gender were found in both questionnaires. Conclusions The results indicate that the CAS-JA and OCS-JA questionnaires are useful in measuring COVID-19-related anxiety, and persistent and disturbed thoughts in Japanese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Makino
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Sohei Ide
- New Institute of SocioInfonomics, Tama University, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Education in Liberal Arts and Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shiino
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature, Kobe Shinwa University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Daiki Hiraoka
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saeko Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Tsuruga Nursing University, Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan
| | - Futoshi Suzuki
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shota Nishitani
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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Zhang D, Wang C, Yuan T, Li X, Yang L, Huang A, Li J, Liu M, Lei Y, Sun L, Zhang J, Zhang L. Psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale based on Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) models among Chinese front-line healthcare workers. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:224. [PMID: 37550697 PMCID: PMC10405510 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since March 2022, the COVID-19 epidemic has rebounded widely and frequently in China. Healthcare workers have faced grand challenges such as soaring COVID-19 patients, being busy with the nucleic acid screening of all the populations in the epidemic areas every day, and testing positive for COVID-19, all of which contributed to anxiety easily according to the Conservation of Resources theory. However, anxiety among healthcare workers is not only associated with personal health but also adversely affects the quality of health services. Therefore, it is crucial to search for suitable tools to monitor the anxiety related to COVID-19 among healthcare workers. The current study aimed to test the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) in Chinese healthcare workers. METHODS The current study employed a cross-sectional design. The CAS was translated into Chinese. Then, according to Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) models, the psychometric properties of the Chinese version were measured among 811 healthcare workers. RESULTS The split-half reliability was 0.855. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.895. The retest coefficient was 0.901 with 10 days as the retest interval. The content validity index was 0.920. In exploratory factor analysis, one common factor was extracted and explained 72.559% of the total variance. All item load values on the common factor ranged from 0.790 to 0.885, and the communality of each item ranged from 0.625 to 0.784. With confirmatory factor analysis, the single factor model showed an excellent goodness-of-fit, chi-square/degree of freedom (χ2/df) = 3.339, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.992, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.975, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.054, root mean square residual (RMR) = 0.005, incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.967, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.932, and comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.966. The multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed the invariance measuring anxiety of COVID-19 was in similar ways across ages, hospital degrees, and professional titles. With convergent validity, the CAS was positively correlated with post-traumatic stress disorder (r = 0.619, P < 0.001), fear of COVID (r = 0.550, P < 0.001), and depression (r = 0.367, P < 0.001). According to IRT models, the results showed that all item discrimination parameters were higher than 1.70 and difficulty parameters ranged from 1.13 to 2.83. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of CAS has good psychometric properties in healthcare workers after China adjusted the COVID-19 management measures during the COVID-19 Omicron epidemic, and can be used for assessing the anxiety associated with COVID-19 in Chinese healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Congzhi Wang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yuan
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Anle Huang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Liu
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Lei
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Nursing Department, the People's Hospital of Yingshang, 566 Ganluo Road, Chengbei New District, Yingshang County, Anhui Province, Fuyang, P.R. China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Anhui Province, Wuhu City, P.R. China.
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5
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Lobos-Rivera ME, Flores-Monterrosa AN, Tejada-Rodríguez JC, Chacón-Andrade ER, Caycho-Rodríguez T, Lee SA, Valencia PD, Carbajal-León C, Vilca LW, Reyes-Bossio M, Gallegos M. Pandemic grief in El Salvador: factors that predict dysfunctional grief due to a COVID-19 death among Salvadoran adults. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2023; 36:9. [PMID: 36988703 PMCID: PMC10050804 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-023-00250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Thousands of people have died of COVID-19 in El Salvador. However, little is known about the mental health of those who are mourning the loss of a loved one to COVID-19. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the dysfunctional grief associated with COVID-19 death among Salvadoran adults. A sample of 435 Salvadorans (M = 29 years; SD = 8.75) who lost a family member or loved one to COVID-19 completed a digital survey using the Google Forms platform, during April 2 and 28, 2022. The results revealed that 35.1% reported clinically elevated symptoms of dysfunctional grief and among those mourners, and 25.1% also exhibited clinical levels of coronavirus anxiety. A binary logistic regression revealed that predictor variables such as COVID-19 anxiety (p = .003), depression (p = .021), and COVID-19 obsession (p = .032) were significant (χ2 = 84.31; Nagelkerke R2 = .242) and predict a 24.2% chance of dysfunctional bereavement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pablo D Valencia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla de Baz, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Carlos Carbajal-León
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú
| | - Lindsey W Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú
| | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - Miguel Gallegos
- Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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Padovan-Neto FE, Lee SA, Guimarães RP, Godoy LD, Costa HB, Zerbini FLS, Fukusima SS. Brazilian Adaptation of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A Psychometric Investigation of a Measure of Coronaphobia. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023; 86:769-787. [PMID: 33530891 PMCID: PMC9810823 DOI: 10.1177/0030222821991325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the psychometric properties of a Brazilian adapted version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS-BR) in a sample of adults in Brazil. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the CAS-BR produces a reliable (α = .84), unidimensional construct whose structure was shown to be invariant across gender, race, and age. However, some items of the CAS-BR were stronger indicators of the coronavirus anxiety construct for women and younger adults. Although the CAS-BR demonstrated evidence of discrimination ability for functional impairment (AUC = .77), Youden indexes were low to identify a clinical cut-score. Construct validity was demonstrated with correlations between CAS-BR scores and measures of functional impairment, generalized anxiety, and depression. Exploratory analyses revealed that CAS-BR total scores were higher among women and participants with a history of anxiety disorder. These findings are consistent with previous investigations and support the validity of CAS-BR for measuring coronavirus anxiety with Brazilian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando E. Padovan-Neto
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of
Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil,Fernando E. Padovan-Neto, Department of
Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto,
University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirão Preto, SP
14040-900, Brazil.
| | - Sherman A. Lee
- Department of Psychology,
Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia, United States
| | - Rayanne Poletti Guimarães
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of
Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívea Dornela Godoy
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of
Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Bononi Costa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of
Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio S. Fukusima
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of
Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Ibarrola-Peña JC, Cueto-Valadez TA, Chejfec-Ciociano JM, Cifuentes-Andrade LR, Cueto-Valadez AE, Castillo-Cardiel G, Cervantes-Cardona GA, Cervantes-Pérez E, Cervantes-Guevara G, Guzmán-Ruvalcaba MJ, Sapién-Fernández JH, Guzmán-Barba JA, Esparza-Estrada I, Flores-Becerril P, Brancaccio-Pérez IV, Guzmán-Ramírez BG, Álvarez-Villaseñor AS, Barbosa-Camacho FJ, Reyes-Elizalde EA, Fuentes-Orozco C, González-Ojeda A. Substance Use and Psychological Distress in Mexican Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:716. [PMID: 36613036 PMCID: PMC9819856 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This observational cross-sectional study examined changes in substance use during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Mexican population and evaluated whether depression or anxiety was associated with these new consumption patterns. METHODS An online survey was distributed to the general population. Participants were questioned about their demographics, situation during the COVID-19 pandemic, and substance consumption patterns. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were used. RESULTS A total of 866 individuals completed the survey. The mean scores for the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were 8.89 ± 6.20 and 3.48 ± 3.22, respectively. The preferred substances were alcohol (19%), tobacco (16.5%), and marijuana (5.6%). Consumption of alcohol (p = 0.042) significantly increased during the pandemic and it was higher in women than in men (p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS Substance use patterns were affected by the pandemic, with an increase in the number of users and consumption rate, as well as the reported psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Ibarrola-Peña
- Hospital General y Medicina Familiar de Zona No. 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey 64010, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis Rodrigo Cifuentes-Andrade
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Castillo-Cardiel
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Enrique Cervantes-Pérez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gabino Cervantes-Guevara
- Departamento de Bienestar y Desarrollo Sustentable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Héctor Sapién-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Aldo Guzmán-Barba
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Isaac Esparza-Estrada
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Paola Flores-Becerril
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Bertha Georgina Guzmán-Ramírez
- Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Emilio Alberto Reyes-Elizalde
- Departamento de Traumatología y Ortopedia, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico
| | - Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alejandro González-Ojeda
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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Jozefiakova B, Kascakova N, Furstova J, Sarnikova G, Hasto J, Tavel P. COVID anxiety and its predictors among Slovak adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:993003. [PMID: 36578692 PMCID: PMC9791256 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.993003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions, mainly social distancing, had an impact on the mental health of various groups, including adolescents. Methods The main goal of our study was to explore the impact of gender, age, resilience (measured using the Brief Resilience Scale), attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance (both measured using the Experiences in Close Relationships Revised Scale for adolescents), and mental and general health (measured using items of SF-8 Health Survey) on COVID anxiety (measured using the COVID Anxiety Scale) among a sample of Slovak adolescents (N = 1,786, age 15 to 19, mean age = 16.8, SD = 1.2). The data were collected online between 13 April and 24 May 2021. Results Four nested linear regression models were fitted to the data and evaluated. The significant predictors that had a greater effect than our smallest effect size of interest (β = 0.10) were gender (β = -0.26, p < 0.001, where boys had lower scores in COVID anxiety), general and mental health (β = -0.13 and β = -0.14, respectively, both with p < 0.001), resilience (β = -0.12, p < 0.001), and attachment avoidance (β = -0.11, p < 0.001). Similarly, age and attachment anxiety were significant predictors with a lower effect size (β = 0.06, p = 0.003, and β = 0.09, p < 0.001, respectively). Discussion Our results are in line with previous research findings highlighting the importance of prevention and interventions programs focused mainly on preventing loneliness and social disconnection, fostering secure attachment with parents and peers, and increasing the resilience of adolescents, especially in the stressful time of a pandemic, to promote their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiána Jozefiakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Natália Kascakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Psychiatric-Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Furstova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Gabriela Sarnikova
- Department of Christian Education, Sts. Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jozef Hasto
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Psychiatric-Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Social Work, St. Elizabeth College of Health and Social Work, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Tavel
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
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9
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Lian Q, Xia L, Wu D. Assessing anxiety during the COVID-19 delta epidemic: Validation of the Chinese coronavirus anxiety scale. Front Psychol 2022; 13:981121. [PMID: 36186384 PMCID: PMC9517585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.981121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) delta epidemic. A total of 2,116 participants on the Chinese mainland completed the online survey. We employed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to investigate the factor structure. The findings showed that the one-factor model of the CAS Chinese version fitted perfectly with the data. The multigroup CFAs showed the measurement invariance across gender and age groups (18–29 and 30–68). We also examined the CAS’s internal consistency and convergent and concurrent validity. The results demonstrated that the one-factor model had good reliability and convergent and concurrent validity. Overall, according to our findings, the CAS Chinese version was reliable for measuring coronavirus anxiety during the COVID-19 delta outbreak.
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10
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Moreta-Herrera R, Caycho-Rodríguez T, Salinas A, Jiménez-Borja M, Gavilanes-Gómez D, Jiménez-Mosquera CJ. Factorial Validity, Reliability, Measurement Invariance and the Graded Response Model for the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale in a Sample of Ecuadorians. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221116515. [PMID: 35850602 PMCID: PMC9297068 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221116515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the research are to evaluate the factorial validity, internal consistency, measurement invariance, discrimination, and difficulty of the Covid-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) applied to a sample of Ecuadorian adults (N = 451). The study is based on an instrumental design with Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) technics. The results confirmed the validity of the CAS single-factor structure, with measurement invariance across gender and high internal consistency. Additionally, all CAS items displayed adequate discrimination indexes and proper ordering of the difficulty thresholds. In a conclusion, the CAS is a valid measurement scale for Ecuadorian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Ambato, Ecuador
- Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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11
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AY T, HIZLI SAYAR FG. Association between Metacognitive Beliefs and COVID-19 phobia in a community population: a cross-sectional study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35791304 PMCID: PMC9247909 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and COVID-19 phobia. The sample included 514 Turkish adults, 295 of whom are women (57,4%), and 219 are men (42,6%). Their ages ranged between 18 and 70 years (M = 32.96, SD = 10.79). COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) and Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) were administered. Our analysis showed that women reported significantly higher COVID-19 phobia. The participants with chronic illnesses showed significantly higher COVID-19 phobia and MCQ-30 scores. It was found that C19P-S total score positively correlated with negative beliefs about worry concerning uncontrollability of thoughts, the need to control thoughts, cognitive self-consciousness, positive beliefs, cognitive confidence, and MCQ-30 total score respectively (r = .47, p < .001; r = .33, p < .001; r = .30, p < .001; r = .29, p < .001; r = .12, p < .001; r = .44, p < .001). Then, hierarchical multiple regression was conducted, and the relationships were tested via structural equation modeling. To sum up, it can be concluded that negative beliefs about worry concerning the uncontrollability of thoughts contribute to COVID-19 phobia. However, explained variance was small suggesting that there are additional factors involved. These results provided preliminary findings relating to the association between metacognitive beliefs and coronavirus phobia symptoms. Further longitudinal research is necessary to determine the causal direction of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba AY
- Gebze Technical College, Turkish Ministry of National Education, Kocaeli, Turkey
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12
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Heidari P, Broadbear JH, Cheney L, Dharwadkar NP, Rao S. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the well-being of clients of a specialist personality disorder service. Australas Psychiatry 2022; 30:235-238. [PMID: 34854337 PMCID: PMC8990572 DOI: 10.1177/10398562211057078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the well-being of people with severe borderline personality disorder (BPD) during the first wave of COVID-19 social restrictions. METHOD Clients of an outpatient specialist personality disorder clinic (n = 77) were invited to the study. An online survey was conducted including a range of open-ended questions exploring well-being and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) which assesses 'coronaphobia'. Qualitative data were analysed using inductive content analysis with NVivo software. CAS data were analysed descriptively using SPSS version 25. RESULTS Thirty-six surveys were completed (48% response rate). Many participants experienced significant challenges to their overall well-being during lockdown although some reported improvements in psychosocial functioning. Three participants (8.3%) experienced clinically significant 'coronaphobia'. CONCLUSION The self-reported physical and mental health of participants with BPD demonstrated resilience, suggesting that the capacity to maintain treatment via telehealth helped to mitigate many of the adverse aspects of social restrictions. This study was conducted during the first wave of social restrictions; subsequent studies will reveal longer-term effects of extended community lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Heidari
- Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 2541Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jillian H Broadbear
- Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 2541Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lukas Cheney
- Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Nitin P Dharwadkar
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 2541Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sathya Rao
- Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 2541Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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13
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Tekir Ö. The relationship between fear of COVID-19, psychological well-being and life satisfaction in nursing students: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264970. [PMID: 35271645 PMCID: PMC8912239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to examine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with life in nursing students. METHODS A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used in this study. The study was carried out at a university Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing between May 17 and June 25, 2021. The JASP 0.14.1. Software was used for statistical analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the comparison of three or more groups, Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparisons of two groups, and Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney U test was used for post hoc analysis. To determine the risk factors for "The Fear of COVID-19 Scale," linear regression analysis with backward stepwise modeling was used. RESULTS The mean score of the students was 18.48±6.87 from the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, 38.42±12.60 from the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and 13.12±4.97 from the Satisfaction with Life Scale. According to the results of the regression model established, independent variables explained 12.5% of the dependent variables, but the regression model established was found to be statistically significant. A one-unit increase in the satisfaction with life scale increased the fear of COVID-19 scale score by 0.224 units, and this increase was found statistically significant (p = 0.030) as a result of linear regression analysis used with backward stepwise modeling. CONCLUSION In conclusion, it was found that the students' fear of COVID-19 was below the medium level, their psychological well-being was above the medium level, and that their life satisfaction was below the medium level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Tekir
- Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing, Internal Medicine Nursing, İzmir Demokrasi University, İzmir, Turkey
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14
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Pekárová V, Rajčániová E, Tomšik R. Slovak Adaptation of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. DEATH STUDIES 2022; 47:172-182. [PMID: 35201952 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2022.2039812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS-SK) in a sample of adult Slovaks (N = 743). The data were collected online during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia. Along with the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Well-Being Index were administered to the respondents. The results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis show a stable uni-dimensional structure of the CAS-SK, good reliability, and adequate convergent validity. The Item Response Theory findings suggest that all items have good discrimination parameters, all thresholds increased monotonically across the rating scale, and that the CAS-SK is more informative in individuals with a high level of coronavirus anxiety. These results suggest that the CAS-SK is a valid and reliable tool for measuring coronavirus anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Pekárová
- Research Institute for Child Psychology and Pathopsychology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Rajčániová
- Research Institute for Child Psychology and Pathopsychology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Robert Tomšik
- Research Institute for Child Psychology and Pathopsychology, Bratislava, Slovakia
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15
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Sahin CE, Deger MS, Sezerol MA, Ozdemir MY. Covid-19 phobia in prehospital emergency medical services workers in Turkey. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1239-1246. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_2035_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Pandemic heroes or victims? Healthcare professionals’ well-being during Covid-19 pandemic. CURRENT PROBLEMS OF PSYCHIATRY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/cpp-2021-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction and aim: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a significant impact on the mental condition of the society, increasing anxiety and fear for the future. High levels of anxiety, stress and depression have been observed in the general population. Nurses and doctors, who are in direct contact with patients and their body fluids, are at the highest risk of infection. The aim of this study was to look at the psychiatric health aspects of health care professionals in general during the pandemic.
State of knowledge: Work overload and stress-related symptoms make healthcare workers particularly vulnerable to mental distress, increasing the risk of developing mental disorders. Among them, women, students and nurses were most affected. A German study found that nurses working with COVID-19 patients in particular are mentally affected by the consequences of the pandemic. This may be due to the higher workload and the longer time spent in direct contact with COVID-19 patients compared to doctors. The available literature confirmed the construct of coronaphobia in health care workers. The issue of insufficient personalization of protective equipment and the associated feelings of fear and stigma as well as the need for psychological help are addressed and psychiatric services for healthcare professionals.
Material and methods: At the beginning of this year, 30 people from the clinical hospital in Lublin were surveyed using a questionnaire containing several questions concerning, among others, comfort of work in the current epidemiological situation, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Mini-COPE.
Conclusions: The work shows the mental health problems faced by health service representatives on a daily basis in connection with the pandemic that has been going on for many months. The features of depression-anxiety disorders affect the medical staff. The attitude of solidarity and cooperation of all members of society during the pandemic is important.
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Heidari P, Broadbear J, Cheney L, Dharwadkar NP, Rao S. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the well-being of mental healthcare providers working in a specialist clinic for personality disorder. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2021.1990735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Heidari
- Department of Research and Innovation, Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jillian Broadbear
- Department of Research and Innovation, Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Lukas Cheney
- Department of Research and Innovation, Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, Australia
| | - Nitin P. Dharwadkar
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Sathya Rao
- Department of Research and Innovation, Spectrum Service for Personality Disorder, Richmond, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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18
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Serpas DG, Ignacio DA. Psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in a US college sample. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 46:2536-2541. [PMID: 34586962 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1975178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the 5-item Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) among US undergraduates (N = 212). The CAS demonstrated adequate internal consistencies among the sample. CAS scores correlated in a theoretically consistent manner with the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. A confirmatory factor analysis of a single factor solution yielded good model fit after correlating one pair of item residual variances. Findings indicate good reliability and validity of the CAS among US undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan G Serpas
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA
| | - Daniel A Ignacio
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA
- School of Psychology, Fielding Graduate University, Santa Barbara, California, USA
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Diógenes de Medeiros E, Gregório Nascimento da Silva P, Mota Reis L, P Monteiro R, Lins de Holanda Coelho G, Lohana Cardoso Guimarães C, C Bezerra de Medeiros P. Psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) in Brazil. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 46:2424-2434. [PMID: 34376128 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1961175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to adapt the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) in Brazil, using a range of statistical techniques (e.g., factor analysis, item response theory). Two studies were conducted (Ntotal = 512). The unidimensional structure presented a good model fit and reliability, significant convergent validity, and all items presenting very high discrimination levels, adequately assessing medium and high anxiety levels. We also gathered evidence on cutoff points for detecting anxiety symptoms, reinforcing the diagnostic feasibility (for screening) of the CAS. Our findings emphasize the CAS as useful for rapid assessment and research involving COVID-19 and mental health markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorena Mota Reis
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Renan P Monteiro
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
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20
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Bennett RJ, Manchaiah V, Eikelboom RH, Badcock JC, Swanapoel DW. International survey of audiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: effects on mental well-being of audiologists. Int J Audiol 2021; 61:273-282. [PMID: 34289793 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1944675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the mental well-being of audiologists in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, between 23 June and 13 August 2020. A self-report survey included screening measures for psychological distress (PHQ-4: anxiety and depression) and loneliness (UCLA-3). STUDY SAMPLE 239 audiologists from around the world. RESULTS The prevalence of psychological distress was 12.1% (subscales for anxiety 16.3% and depression 10.4%), and loneliness 32.2%. Depression and loneliness were higher in those participants self-reporting perceived job insecurity, with psychological distress (anxiety and depression) higher in those from South Africa. Accessibility to Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) appears to be a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS Well-being interventions, such as EAPS, are needed to support audiologists during challenging times like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Bennett
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Subiaco, Australia.,Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Vinay Manchaiah
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, United States.,Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Robert H Eikelboom
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Subiaco, Australia.,Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Johanna C Badcock
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - De Wet Swanapoel
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Subiaco, Australia.,Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
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21
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Vinaccia S, Bahamón MJ, Trejos-Herrera AM, Lee SA, Quiceno JM, Gómez CA, Vega DoLugar S, Pelaez EC. Validating the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in a Colombian sample. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 46:2366-2375. [PMID: 34184616 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1944401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present instrumental study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale with 421 Colombian adults in full lockdown of coronavirus. The reliability was excellent, obtained through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (α = 0.83). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis identified satisfactory indicators for the scale's one-dimensional model. The correlations obtained in the discriminant analysis of the items have a moderate level of correlation with values between 0.74 and 0.81. These findings demonstrate that the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate dysfunctional anxiety related to coronavirus in Colombian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Vinaccia
- Psychology Program, Research Group I-flor. Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Colombia
| | - Marly J Bahamón
- Department of Social and Human Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Sherman A Lee
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | - Samuel Vega DoLugar
- Department of Social and Human Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar Graduate, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Edgar Camilo Pelaez
- Department of Social and Human Sciences, Student at Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
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22
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García-Reyna B, Castillo-García GD, Barbosa-Camacho FJ, Cervantes-Cardona GA, Cervantes-Pérez E, Esparza-Estrada I, Brancaccio-Pérez IV, Silva-González G, Fuentes-Orozco C, Pintor-Belmontes KJ, Guzmán-Ramírez BG, Navarro DR, Ibarrola-Peña JC, López VAS, Chejfec-Ciociano JM, Sapién-Fernández JH, González-Ojeda A, Cervantes-Guevara G. Anxiety and COVID-19: Coronavirus Anxiety Scale scores in medical and non-medical personnel in urban hospitals in Guadalajara. A cross-sectional survey study. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 46:581-589. [PMID: 34181508 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1936297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The world is facing the worst health crisis in modern history. In addition to general concerns about the effects of COVID-19 on health, hospital personnel are developing numerous mental health conditions. This cross-sectional survey study evaluated the prevalence and severity of anxiety caused by the COVID-19 pandemic using the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) in 2136 hospital employees. For the employees who presented scores ranging from 1-20 (n = 1090, 51%), the CAS mean score was 4.22 (SD = 3.95). The mean score was higher in women than men. By work category, non-clinical hospital personnel presented the highest CAS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - Enrique Cervantes-Pérez
- Departamento de Nutrición Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, México
| | - Isaac Esparza-Estrada
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Gabriela Silva-González
- Departamento de Odontología para la Preservación de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Kevin Josue Pintor-Belmontes
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Bertha Georgina Guzmán-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Dinorah Rodríguez Navarro
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Juan Carlos Ibarrola-Peña
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Veronica Alexandra Sánchez López
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Jonathan Matias Chejfec-Ciociano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - José Héctor Sapién-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Alejandro González-Ojeda
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, México
| | - Gabino Cervantes-Guevara
- Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlan, Mexico
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
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23
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Labrague LJ, De Los Santos JAA. Prevalence and predictors of coronaphobia among frontline hospital and public health nurses. Public Health Nurs 2021; 38:382-389. [PMID: 33226158 PMCID: PMC7753466 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence as well as the predictors of coronaphobia in frontline hospital and public health nurses. DESIGN This study used a cross-sectional research study involving 736 nurses working in COVID-19 designated hospitals and health units in Region 8, Philippines. Four structured self-report scales were used, including the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and the single-item measure for perceived health. RESULTS The prevalence of coronaphobia was 54.76% (n = 402): 37.04% (n = 130) in hospital nurses and 70.91% (n = 273) in public health nurses. Additionally, nurses' gender (β = 0.148, p < .001), marital status (β = 0.124, p < .001), job status (β = 0.138, p < .001), and personal resilience (β = -0.167, p = .002) were identified as predictors of COVID-19 anxiety. A small proportion of nurses were willing (19.94%, n = 70) and fully prepared (9.40%, n = 33) to manage and care for coronavirus patients. CONCLUSION Coronaphobia is prevalent among frontline Filipino nurses, particularly among public health nurses. Interventions to address coronaphobia among frontline nurses in the hospital and community should consider the predictors identified. By increasing personal resilience in nurses through theoretically driven intervention, coronaphobia may be alleviated.
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24
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Samimi Ardestani SM, Khosravani V, Sharifi Bastan F, Baloğlu M. The Persian Version of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (Persian-C19P-S) and the Differences in COVID-19-Related Phobic Reactions in Patients with Anxiety Disorders. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 20:2419-2435. [PMID: 33841053 PMCID: PMC8025735 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic outbreak increasing several psychological distress, such as anxiety and phobia, and may affect patients with anxiety disorders. A scale has been recently designed to assess COVID-19-related phobic reactions named the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). The present study aimed to evaluate factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Persian version of the C19P-S (Persian-C19P-S) in patients with anxiety disorders and to compare COVID-19-related phobia among these patients. Three hundred patients with anxiety disorders completed the Persian-C19P-S and other scales assessing anxiety traits (e.g., the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), the Health Concerns Questionnaire-54 (HCQ-54), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4)) and COVID-19-related distress (e.g., the COVID Stress Scales (CSS) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19)). The results showed that the Persian-C19P-S replicated the four-factor structure of the original C19P-S. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients evidenced the reliability of the scale. The validity of the scale (convergent and discriminant validity) was confirmed. Patients who had generalized anxiety and panic disorders showed higher phobic reactions related to COVID-19 than those with social anxiety disorder and specific phobia. This study indicates that the Persian version of the C19P-S is a valid scale to be used in Iranian patients with anxiety disorders to evaluate COVID-19-related phobia. Moreover, COVID-19-related phobic reactions are higher in some specific types of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehdi Samimi Ardestani
- Departments of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Khosravani
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Broche-Pérez Y, Fernández-Fleites Z, Fernández-Castillo E, Jiménez-Puig E, Vizcaíno-Escobar AE, Ferrer-Lozano DM, Martínez-Rodríguez L, Martín-González R. Anxiety, Health Self-Perception, and Worry About the Resurgence of COVID-19 Predict Fear Reactions Among Genders in the Cuban Population. Front Glob Womens Health 2021; 2:634088. [PMID: 34816192 PMCID: PMC8594045 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2021.634088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The resurgence of COVID-19 could deepen the psychological impacts of the pandemic which poses new challenges for mental health professionals. Among the actions that should be prioritized is the monitoring of the groups that have shown greater psychological vulnerability during the first stage of the pandemic. The first aim of our study is to explore the fear reactions to COVID-19 between genders during the second wave of the outbreak in Cuba. Second, establish possible predictors of fear of COVID-19 in relation to gender. Specifically, we will evaluate how anxiety related to COVID-19, health self-perception, and worry about the resurgence of COVID-19 predict fear reactions among women and men in the Cuban population. A cross-sectional online study was designed. The research was conducted between August 16 and October 18, 2020. A total of 373 people completed the online survey. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were used. An independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare the fear, worry, anxiety and self-perceived health scores, between genders. The relationship between those variables and fear of COVID-19, was investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Finally, multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the possible associations (predictors) related to fear of COVID-19. In our study, women, compared to men, presented greater fear reactions, greater concern about resurgence of COVID-19 and poorer self-perceived health. Anxiety reactions in our sample showed no differences between genders. In women, anxiety of COVID-19, worry about resurgence of COVID-19, and self-perceived health are associated with fear reactions to COVID-19. In the case of men, the self-perceived health showed no associations with fear reactions. Our results confirm the results of several related investigations during the first wave of the pandemic where women have shown greater psychological vulnerability compared to men. However, we cannot rule out that the real impact of the pandemic on mental health in men is much greater than that described by the studies conducted to date. Additional studies are needed on the psychological impact of COVID-19 on men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunier Broche-Pérez
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Zoylen Fernández-Fleites
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Evelyn Fernández-Castillo
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Elizabeth Jiménez-Puig
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | | | - Dunia M. Ferrer-Lozano
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
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26
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Vilca LW, Carbajal-León C, White M, Vivanco-Vidal A, Saroli-Araníbar D, Peña-Calero BN, Moreta-Herrera R. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: New psychometric evidence for the Spanish version based on CFA and IRT models in a Peruvian sample. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 46:1090-1099. [PMID: 33427098 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1865480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), using Item Response Theory (IRT) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The participants were 790 Peruvians, selected through a convenience sampling, where the majority were women. The CFA models indicated that the one-dimensional structure better represents the data, is reliable and invariant between men and women. Likewise, IRT findings indicate that CAS is more informative for high levels of COVID-19 anxiety. The CAS in Spanish has adequate psychometric properties to be used as a short measure of COVID-19 anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey W Vilca
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Michael White
- Dirección General de Investigación, Universidad Peruana Unión, Peru
| | | | | | - Brian Norman Peña-Calero
- Grupo de Estudios Avances en Medición Psicológica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
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27
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Broche-Pérez Y, Fernández-Castillo E, Fernández-Fleites Z, Jiménez-Puig E, Vizcaíno-Escobar A, Ferrer-Lozano D, Martínez-Rodríguez L, Martín-González R. Adaptation of the Cuban version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. DEATH STUDIES 2020; 46:603-607. [PMID: 33276708 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1855610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the psychometric properties of the Cuban version of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). The sample comprised 376 Cuban participants. Concurrent validity and reliability were examined. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed. The CAS showed excellent psychometric characteristics. The internal consistency was very good (α = 0.88). There was a positive correlation between the CAS and the FCV-19S and an inverse association between anxiety and self-perceived quality of health. The results confirmed the presence of a single factor. The CAS is a valid and reliable instrument to explore the experience of anxiety in the Cuban population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunier Broche-Pérez
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Evelyn Fernández-Castillo
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Zoylen Fernández-Fleites
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Elizabeth Jiménez-Puig
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba
- CognitiON (Cuban Iniciative on Cognitive Health), Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Annia Vizcaíno-Escobar
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Dunia Ferrer-Lozano
- Psychology Department, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba
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28
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Choi E, Lee J, Lee SA. Validation of the Korean version of the obsession with COVID-19 scale and the Coronavirus anxiety scale. DEATH STUDIES 2020; 46:608-614. [PMID: 34030606 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1833383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In response to the current COVID-19 pandemic, the Obsession with COVID-19 scale (OCS) and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) were developed as screening tools for dysfunctional anxiety associated with the coronavirus. These scales have not yet been validated in the East Asia. The present study examined the validity of the OCS and the CAS with a sample of 329 Korean adults. We found that the OCS-Korean and CAS-Korean showed good psychometric properties and construct validity. Developing such valid screening tools across different cultures is vital for health practitioners and scholars alike during global infectious disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Sherman A Lee
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia, USA
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