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Peurière L, Mastrandrea C, Vanden-Bossche A, Linossier MT, Thomas M, Normand M, Lafage-Proust MH, Vico L. Hindlimb unloading in C57BL/6J mice induces bone loss at thermoneutrality without change in osteocyte and lacuno-canalicular network. Bone 2023; 169:116640. [PMID: 36526262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Impaired mechanical stimuli during hindlimb unloading (HLU) are believed to exacerbate osteocyte paracrine regulation of osteoclasts. We hypothesized that bone loss and deterioration of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network are attenuated in HLU mice housed at thermoneutrality (28 °C) compared with those housed at ambient temperature (22 °C). Following acclimatization, 20-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were submitted to HLU or kept in pair-fed control cages (CONT), for 5 days (5d) or 14d, at 22 °C or 28 °C. In the femur distal metaphysis, thermoneutral CONT mice had higher bone volume (p = 0.0007, BV/TV, in vivo μCT, vs. 14dCONT22) whilst osteoclastic surfaces of CONT and HLU were greater at 22 °C (5dCONT22 + 53 %, 5dHLU22 + 50 %, 14dCONT22 + 186 %, 14dHLU22 + 104 %, vs matching 28 °C group). In the femur diaphysis and at both temperatures, 14dHLU exhibited thinner cortices distally or proximally compared to controls; the mid-diaphysis being thicker at 28 °C than at 22 °C in all groups. Expression of cortical genes for proteolytic enzyme (Mmp13), markers for osteoclastogenic differentiation (MCSF, RANKL), and activity (TRAP, Ctsk) were increased following 22 °C HLU, whereas only Ctsk expression was increased following 28 °C HLU. Expression of cortical genes for apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy were not elevated following HLU at any temperature. Osteocyte density at the posterior mid-diaphysis was similar between groups, as was the proportion of empty lacunae (<0.5 %). However, analysis of the lacuno-canalicular network (LCN, fluorescein staining) revealed unstained areas in the 14dHLU22 group only, suggesting disrupted LCN flow in this group alone. In conclusion, 28 °C housing influences the HLU bone response but does not prevent bone loss. Furthermore, our results do not show osteocyte senescence or death, and at thermoneutrality, HLU-induced bone resorption is not triggered by osteoclastic activators RANKL and MCSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Peurière
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France.
| | - Carmelo Mastrandrea
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Arnaud Vanden-Bossche
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Linossier
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Mireille Thomas
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Myriam Normand
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Lafage-Proust
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, Saint-Étienne, France
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Rapid decalcification of articular cartilage and subchondral bone using an ultrasonic cleaner with EDTA. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152009. [PMID: 36724636 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage and subchondral bones were used to be the samples for studying effects of drugs in the joint degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis. Because of the deposition of mineral salts, articular cartilage and subchondral bones require decalcification process to soften the tissues. EDTA is a chelating agent that is commonly used to remove mineral salts, but this step is time-consuming and can take as long as 45 days. Commercial ultrasonic cleaner and microwave oven were reported to reduce the decalcification timing. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the decalcification of human articular cartilage and subchondral bone using EDTA together with ultrasonic cleaner or microwave oven. Hundred pieces of articular cartilage and subchondral bones obtained from osteoarthritis patients undergone total-knee-replacement were divided into 10 groups according to decalcification method (ultrasonic cleaner or microwave) and timing (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h). In each group, all cartilage and subchondral bone pieces were decalcified and sectioned, and subsequently stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Von Kossa, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, or caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. The optimal timing of decalcification of articular cartilage and subchondral bones using EDTA together with ultrasonic cleaner was at 8 and 10 h, while the timing using EDTA together with microwave oven was more than 10 h. Clear TUNEL and caspase-3 signals were obtained from samples decalcified using EDTA together with ultrasonic cleaner for 8 h. In summary, to our knowledge, this is the first study that compared EDTA decalcification between ultrasonic cleaner and microwave oven. Here, we report a new methodology for decalcification for articular cartilage and subchondral bones that reduces decalcification time from weeks to hours and is suitable for further pathological analyses.
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Freitas EC, Dalmolin SP, da Silva MM, de Oliveira FH, Pilar EFS. Evaluation of EDTA and nitric acid solutions for decalcification of joints in AG/WT, BALB/c, C57, DBA1/J mice, and in Wistar rats. Biotech Histochem 2022; 97:372-381. [PMID: 34845957 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2021.2003431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Decalcification of mineralized samples for microscopic analysis involves competing factors including decalcification time, preservation of tissue integrity and cost. We investigated the utility of different decalcification solutions for studying joints in AG/WT, BALB/c, C57, DBA1/J mice and Wistar rats. The hind paws of the rodents were removed and fixed with 10% buffered formalin. Specimens were divided randomly into three groups for demineralization: 10% nitric acid, 12.5% EDTA at room temperature and 12.5% EDTA at 35 °C with shaking. Sections of joints were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E). We evaluated decalcification time and expense, ease of cutting sections, preservation of nuclear basophilia and intranuclear detail, and intensity of eosin staining. The 10% nitric acid solution produced the most rapid decalcification for the mice, but not the rats. The 12.5% EDTA solution at 35 °C with shaking did not decrease decalcification time. Effects on microtomy were variable as were the effects on H & E staining. The EDTA solution provided the best basophilia and intranuclear detail for the mice. For rats, only 12.5% EDTA at 35 °C with shaking produced good preservation. Preservation of nuclear basophilia and intranuclear detail for rats was best with 10% nitric acid and EDTA 35 °C. For mice, 10% nitric acid failed to preserve nuclear basophilia and intranuclear detail. For intensity of eosin staining, EDTA at room temperature and EDTA 35 °C was best for both mice and rats. Sections also exhibited good H & E staining in most samples decalcified with 10% nitric acid. Although we found considerable variation among groups of animals, we found less variation among the different mouse strains than between mice and Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Correa Freitas
- Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francine Hehn de Oliveira
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Emily Ferreira Salles Pilar
- Laboratory Research Unit, Center for Experimental Research, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Garg P, Strigini M, Peurière L, Vico L, Iandolo D. The Skeletal Cellular and Molecular Underpinning of the Murine Hindlimb Unloading Model. Front Physiol 2021; 12:749464. [PMID: 34737712 PMCID: PMC8562483 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.749464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone adaptation to spaceflight results in bone loss at weight bearing sites following the absence of the stimulus represented by ground force. The rodent hindlimb unloading model was designed to mimic the loss of mechanical loading experienced by astronauts in spaceflight to better understand the mechanisms causing this disuse-induced bone loss. The model has also been largely adopted to study disuse osteopenia and therefore to test drugs for its treatment. Loss of trabecular and cortical bone is observed in long bones of hindlimbs in tail-suspended rodents. Over the years, osteocytes have been shown to play a key role in sensing mechanical stress/stimulus via the ECM-integrin-cytoskeletal axis and to respond to it by regulating different cytokines such as SOST and RANKL. Colder experimental environments (~20-22°C) below thermoneutral temperatures (~28-32°C) exacerbate bone loss. Hence, it is important to consider the role of environmental temperatures on the experimental outcomes. We provide insights into the cellular and molecular pathways that have been shown to play a role in the hindlimb unloading and recommendations to minimize the effects of conditions that we refer to as confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Garg
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Maura Strigini
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Laura Peurière
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Donata Iandolo
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
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Tsaroucha AK, Korovesis GN, Valsami G, Lambropoulou M, Kollaras V, Anagnostopoulos C, Kostomitsopoulos N, Zerbini E, Simopoulos C. Silibinin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (SLB-HP-β-CD) complex prevents apoptosis in liver and kidney after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111731. [PMID: 32891719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the protective effect of silibinin on rat liver and kidney after hepatic inschemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty three male Wistar-type rats (median age 13 weeks; average weight 314 g) were subjected to I/R injury of the liver. They were randomly divided into three groups: Sham (n = 7), Control (C, n = 28) and Silibinin (Si, n = 28). The last group received intravenously silibinin. The C and Si groups were each subdivided in four subgroups according to euthanasia times (i.e., 60, 120, 180, 240 min). We assessed expression of caspase-3 and TUNEL assay, and biochemical and histological parameters. RESULTS At 240 min, expression of caspase-3 and TUNEL assay were statistically significantly lower in the Si compared to the C group for both liver and kidney. SGOT and SGPT were also statistically significantly lower in the Si than in the C group at all time points. Histological parameters of the liver were also improved in the Si group. CONCLUSION Silibinin was found to exhibit a protective effect on liver and kidney after hepatic I/R injury. The present results are encouraging for further studies and future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K Tsaroucha
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; Department of Experimental Surgery, Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Georgios N Korovesis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vasileios Kollaras
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | | | - Eleni Zerbini
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Constantinos Simopoulos
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; Department of Experimental Surgery, Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Farley A, Gnyubkin V, Vanden-Bossche A, Laroche N, Neefs M, Baatout S, Baselet B, Vico L, Mastrandrea C. Unloading-Induced Cortical Bone Loss is Exacerbated by Low-Dose Irradiation During a Simulated Deep Space Exploration Mission. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:170-179. [PMID: 32451574 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Spaceflight-induced bone losses have been reliably reproduced in Hind-Limb-Unloading (HLU) rodent models. However, a considerable knowledge gap exists regarding the effects of low-dose radiation and microgravity together. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6J mice, randomly allocated to Control (CONT), Hind-Limb Unloading (HLU), and Hind-Limb Unloading plus Irradiation (HLUIR), were acclimatized at 28 °C, close to thermoneutral temperature, for 28 days prior to the 14-day HLU protocol. HLUIR mice received a 25 mGy dose of X-ray irradiation, simulating 14 days of exposure to the deep space radiation environment, on day 7 of the HLU protocol. Trabecular bone mass was similarly reduced in HLU and HLUIR mice when compared to CONT, with losses driven by osteoclastic bone resorption rather than changes to osteoblastic bone formation. Femoral cortical thickness was reduced only in the HLUIR mice (102 μm, 97.5-107) as compared to CONT (108.5 μm, 102.5-120.5). Bone surface area was also reduced only in the HLUIR group, with no difference between HLU and CONT. Cortical losses were driven by osteoclastic resorption on the posterior endosteal surface of the distal femoral diaphysis, with no increase in the numbers of dead osteocytes. In conclusion, we show that low-dose radiation exposure negatively influences bone physiology beyond that induced by microgravity alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Farley
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Vasily Gnyubkin
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Arnaud Vanden-Bossche
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Norbert Laroche
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Mieke Neefs
- SCK CEN, Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- SCK CEN, Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- SCK CEN, Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Laurence Vico
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Carmelo Mastrandrea
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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Hu Q, Liu M, Chen G, Xu Z, Lv Y. Demineralized Bone Scaffolds with Tunable Matrix Stiffness for Efficient Bone Integration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:27669-27680. [PMID: 30063134 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a biophysical cue, matrix stiffness can decide the stem cell fate. However, most methods to construct three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds may change the 3D microstructure while altering their mechanical properties. In this study, demineralized bone matrix scaffolds with different compressive modulus (66.06 ± 27.83 MPa (high), 26.90 ± 13.16 MPa (medium), and 0.67 ± 0.14 MPa (low)) were constructed by controlling the decalcification duration (1 h, 12 h, and 5 days), respectively. The pore size and porosity have no significant difference between the scaffolds before and after decalcification. Cell experiments indicated that the low scaffolds could promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. Rat subcutaneous implantation experiments further demonstrated that the low scaffolds could efficiently improve the cell infiltration, deposition of collagen fibers, and positive osteocalcin and osteopontin expression of endogenous cells as well as angiogenesis. Finally, rabbit femoral condylar defect experiments proved that the low scaffolds could significantly promote the bone repair and integration and stromal cell derived factor-1α/CXC chemokine receptor signal pathway was essential for the stiffness-mediated bone repair. These investigations provided a novel method for fabricating 3D bone grafts with different stiffness, which is also of great significance for studying the effect of stiffness on the biological behavior of MSCs in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Mengying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Guobao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
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Abrantes AAA, Rafacho A, Rivero ERC, Mariano FV, Siqueira FM, Gondak RO. Tissue integrity, costs and time associated with different agents for histological bone preparation. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:344-349. [PMID: 28370969 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The selection of an appropriate demineralizing solution in pathology laboratories depends on several factors such as the preservation of cellularity, urgency of diagnostic and financial costs. The aim of this study was to test different decalcification bone procedures in order to establish the best value of these in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples. Femurs were removed from 13 adult male Wistar rats to obtain 130 bone disks randomly divided into five groups that were demineralized in different concentrations of nitric acid (Group I); formic acid (Group II); acetic acid (Group III); EDTA, pH7.4 (Group IV) and Morsés solution (Group V). Serial, 3-μm-thick sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin-eosin to calculate the percentage of osteocyte-occupied lacunae. The sections were also stained with Masson's trichrome in conjunction with picrosirius red under polarized light followed by a semi-quantitative analysis to verify the adjacent muscle-to-bone integrity and preservation of collagen fibres. The highest percentage of osteocyte-occupied lacunae was found with 10% acetic acid solution (95.64 ± 0.95%) and Group I (nitric acid) demanded the shorter time (0.8-5.7days). Of all solutions, 5% nitric acid incurred the lowest cost to achieve complete demineralization compared with other solutions (p < .001). Group IV (EDTA) had the highest integrity of muscle and collagen type I and III (P < 0.01). Demineralization with 10% acetic acid was the most effective at preserving bone tissue, while 5% EDTA was the best at maintaining collagen and adjacent muscle to bone. In conclusion, nitric acid at 5% showed the most efficient result as it balanced both time and cost as a demineralizing solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Elena Riet Correa Rivero
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Filipe Modolo Siqueira
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rogério Oliveira Gondak
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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de Sousa Iwamoto LA, Duailibi MT, Iwamoto GY, Juliano Y, Duailibi MS, Ossamu Tanaka FA, Duailibi SE. Tooth tissue engineering: tooth decellularization for natural scaffold. Future Sci OA 2016; 2:FSO121. [PMID: 28031968 PMCID: PMC5137886 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2016-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary science that aims to produce replacement organs and biological substitutes. One of the techniques involves decellularizing a biological organ without altering its structure. One challenge is how to demonstrate which method would be better for this process. METHODOLOGY Fifty premolar teeth were divided into five groups: G1 (control): solution of 10% formaldehyde; G2: phosphate buffer saline (PBS), 28 g of tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), sodium hypochlorite 2.5% (SH); G3: PBS, EDTA and 40v hydrogen peroxide (HP); G4: PBS, EDTA, SH, enzymatic detergent (ED); and G5: PBS, EDTA, HP, ED. Each group was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray, measured weights and color and received statistical analysis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that G5 was the most appropriate method to obtain a natural scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Aparecida de Sousa Iwamoto
- CTCMol, Center of Cellular & Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Talarico Duailibi
- CTCMol, Center of Cellular & Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science & Technology, Biofabrication Institute, BIOFABRIS, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Yoshinobu Iwamoto
- Material Engineering, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao José dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yara Juliano
- Health Science Department, UNISA – Universidade de Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvio Eduardo Duailibi
- CTCMol, Center of Cellular & Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science & Technology, Biofabrication Institute, BIOFABRIS, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Castania VA, Silveira JWDSD, Issy AC, Pitol DL, Castania ML, Neto AD, Bel EAD, Defino HLA. Advantages of a combined method of decalcification compared to EDTA. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 78:111-8. [PMID: 25452153 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Decalcification of mineralized tissues is an essential step during tissue processing in the routine histopathology. The time required for complete decalcification, and the effect of decalcifier on cellular and tissue morphology are important parameters which influence the selection of decalcifying agents. In this study, we compared a decalcifying solution (ETDA) composed of both acid and chelating agents to a classical and well-known decalcifying agent (EDTA). To this purpose, the optic density of bone radiographs, residual calcium analysis, bone sample weight, and histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. Our data suggest that, similarly to EDTA, the ETDA solution completely removes the calcium ions from the samples enabling easy sectioning. However, unlike the EDTA, this agent takes much less time. Furthermore, both agents showed comparable decalcification efficacy, and similarly, they did not produce cellular, tissue or antigenicity impairments. Therefore, ETDA may be a suitable option when it is necessary an association between a rapid and complete removal of calcium minerals, and a suitable preservation of structure and antigenicity of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Aparecido Castania
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto/SP, Brazil
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Abstract
To date, most studies examining cell death during the development of osteoarthritis (OA) have focused on death of chondrocytes and have primarily examined advanced stages of the disease. Very good evidence suggests that chondrocyte death does occur at some point in the pathogenesis of OA and that it can be due to apoptosis, necrosis, or some combination of the two. Chondrocyte death can be induced by mechanical injury, loss of extracellular matrix, loss of growth factors, or excessive levels of reactive oxygen species. Although therapy specifically targeting cell death in human OA has not been reported, preclinical studies in animal models have provided early evidence that inhibition of caspases might slow OA-like changes in articular cartilage. Because of potential unwanted side effects from agents systemically inhibiting cell death, treatments specifically targeting cell death in OA will likely need to be delivered locally and in a manner that prevents systemic absorption. Inhibition of cell death in OA likely will not be a sole therapeutic target but rather a desired effect of interventions designed to reverse the catabolic-anabolic imbalance occurring in OA joint tissues.
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