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Wang W, Huang Y, Kong J, Lu L, Liao Q, Zhu J, Wang T, Yan L, Dai M, Chen Z, You J. Plasma ctDNA enhances the tissue-based detection of oncodriver mutations in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03422-7. [PMID: 38777950 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03422-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The advent of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) technology has provided a convenient and noninvasive means to continuously monitor cancer genomic data, facilitating personalized cancer treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the supplementary benefits of plasma ctDNA alongside traditional tissue-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) in identifying targetable mutations and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in colorectal cancers (CRC). METHODS Our study involved 76 CRC patients, collecting both tissue and plasma samples for NGS. We assessed the concordance of gene mutational status between ctDNA and tissue, focusing on actionable genes such as KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, BRAF, and ERBB2. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore variables associated with discordance and positive mutation rates. RESULTS In total, 26 cancer-related genes were identified. The most common variants in tumor tissues and plasma samples were in APC (57.9% vs 19.7%), TP53 (55.3% vs 22.4%) and KRAS (47.4% vs 43.4%). Tissue and ctDNA showed an overall concordance of 73.53% in detecting actionable gene mutations. Notably, plasma ctDNA improved detection for certain genes and gene pools. Variables significantly associated with discordance included gender and peritoneal metastases. TMB analysis revealed a higher detection rate in tissues compared to plasma, but combining both increased detection. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of analyzing both tissue and plasma for detecting actionable mutations in CRC, with plasma ctDNA offering added value. Discordance is associated with gender and peritoneal metastases, and TMB analysis can benefit from a combination of tissue and plasma data. This approach provides valuable insights for personalized CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yisen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362002, Fujian, China
| | - Jianqiao Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Colorectal Surgery Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Qianxiu Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingtao Zhu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, 361001, Fujian, China
| | - Tinghao Wang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, 361001, Fujian, China
| | - Linghua Yan
- Shanghai Tongshu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201900, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Pathology, Wuhu Hospital, East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital, Wuhu), Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361001, Fujian, China.
| | - Jun You
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361001, Fujian, China.
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Gou Q, Gou Q, Gan X, Xie Y. Novel therapeutic strategies for rare mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10317. [PMID: 38705930 PMCID: PMC11070427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Over the past two decades, the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone a significant revolution. Since the first identification of activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in 2004, several genetic aberrations, such as anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements (ALK), neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), have been found. With the development of gene sequencing technology, the development of targeted drugs for rare mutations, such as multikinase inhibitors, has provided new strategies for treating lung cancer patients with rare mutations. Patients who harbor this type of oncologic driver might acquire a greater survival benefit from the use of targeted therapy than from the use of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. To date, more new agents and regimens can achieve satisfactory results in patients with NSCLC. In this review, we focus on recent advances and highlight the new approval of molecular targeted therapy for NSCLC patients with rare oncologic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitao Gou
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Head & Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiheng Gou
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Head & Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaochuan Gan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology of Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Chen N, He L, Zou Q, Deng H. HER2 targeted therapy in colorectal Cancer: Current landscape and future directions. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116101. [PMID: 38442793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of tumor-related deaths globally. Despite recent improvements in the comprehensive therapy of malignancy, metastatic CRC continues to have a poor prognosis. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an established oncogenic driver, which is successfully targeted for breast and gastric cancers. Approximately 5% of CRC patients carry somatic HER2 mutations or gene amplification. In 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have approved trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic CRC. This approval marked a significant milestone in the treatment of CRC, as HER2-positive patients now have access to targeted therapies that can improve their outcomes. Yet, assessment for HER2 overexpression/ amplification in CRC has not been standardized. The resistance mechanisms to anti-HER2 therapy have been not clearly investigated in CRC. Although many unknowns remain, an improved understanding of these anti-HER2 agents will be essential for advanced CRC. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of HER2 in CRC as an oncogenic driver, a prognostic and predictive biomarker, and a clinically actionable target, as well as the current progress and challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China.
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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4
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Li W, Zheng C, Xu X, Xia Y, Zhang K, Huang A, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Chen G, Zhang S. Combined therapy of dabrafenib and an anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate for advanced BRAF-mutant melanoma. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:50. [PMID: 38594618 PMCID: PMC11005275 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer characterized by its high metastatic potential. In the past decade, targeted and immunotherapy have brought revolutionary survival benefits to patients with advanced and metastatic melanoma, but these treatment responses are also heterogeneous and/or do not achieve durable responses. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies for improving outcomes remain an unmet clinical need. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanisms of RC48, a novel HER2-target antibody drug conjugate, either alone or in combination with dabrafenib, a V600-mutant BRAF inhibitor, for the treatment of advanced BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma. METHODS We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of RC48, alone or in combination with dabrafenib, in BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma cell lines and cell-derived xenograft (CDX) models. We also conducted signaling pathways analysis and global mRNA sequencing to explore mechanisms underlying the synergistic effect of the combination therapy. RESULTS Our results revealed the expression of membrane-localized HER2 in melanoma cells. RC48 effectively targeted and inhibited the growth of HER2-positive human melanoma cell lines and corresponding CDX models. When used RC48 and dabrafenib synergically induced tumor regression together in human BRAF-mutant melanoma cell lines and CDX models. Mechanically, our results demonstrated that the combination therapy induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest while suppressing cell motility in vitro. Furthermore, global RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that the combination treatment led to the downregulation of several key signaling pathways, including the PI3K-AKT pathway, MAPK pathway, AMPK pathway, and FOXO pathway. CONCLUSION These findings establish a preclinical foundation for the combined use of an anti-HER2 drug conjugate and a BRAF inhibitor in the treatment of BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisong Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yujie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Guofang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Liu H, Zhou D, Liu D, Xu X, Zhang K, Hu R, Xiong P, Wang C, Zeng X, Wang L, Zhang S. Synergistic antitumor activity between HER2 antibody-drug conjugate and chemotherapy for treating advanced colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:187. [PMID: 38443386 PMCID: PMC10914798 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer associated with a poor prognosis. Effective targeted therapy alone or in combination for treating advanced CRC remains to be a major clinical challenge. Here, we propose the therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanism underlying RC48, a FDA-approved anti-HER2 antibody conjugate via a cleavable linker to the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), either alone or in combination with gemcitabine (GEM) in various models of HER2-positive advanced CRC. Our findings demonstrated that HER2 was widely expressed and located on the plasma membrane of CRC patient specimens, PDX xenograft tumors and cell lines. It confirmed that RC48 alone significantly targeted and eradicated HER2 positive CRC tumor in these models. Moreover, we screened a panel of FDA-approved first-line chemotherapy drugs in vitro. We found that GEM exhibited stronger antiproliferative activity compared to the other first-line anti-cancer agents. Furthermore, combination therapy of RC48 and GEM significantly showed synergetic antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. To gain further mechanistic insights into the combination therapy, we performed RNA-seq analysis. The results revealed that combination treatment of RC48 and GEM regulated multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K-AKT, MAPK, p53, Foxo, apoptosis, cell cycle and cell senescence, etc., to exert its antitumor activity in CRC cells. Collectively, these preclinical findings demonstrated that RC48 alone or combinational therapy exerted promising antitumor activity, and meriting the preclinical framework for combinational therapy of anti-HER2 drug conjugate drug and chemotherapy drugs for HER2-positive patients with advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Dongdong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Dongqin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ruxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Peng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Changxin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiangfu Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Liefeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Huang J, Chen G, Li H. An Update on the Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Pancreatic/Liver/Gastrointestinal Luminal Tract Disorders. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2023; 147:1374-1382. [PMID: 37134268 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0462-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Immunohistochemistry serves as an ancillary diagnostic tool for a wide variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic disorders, including infections, workup of inflammatory conditions, and subtyping neoplasms of the pancreas/liver/gastrointestinal luminal tract. In addition, immunohistochemistry is also used to detect a variety of prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers for carcinomas of the pancreas, liver, and gastrointestinal luminal tract. OBJECTIVE.— To highlight an update on the role of immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of pancreatic/liver/gastrointestinal luminal tract disorders. DATA SOURCES.— Literature review and authors' research data and personal practice experience were used. CONCLUSIONS.— Immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool, assisting in the diagnosis of problematic tumors and benign lesions of the pancreas, liver, and gastrointestinal luminal tract, and also in the prediction of prognosis and therapeutic response for carcinomas of the pancreas, liver, and gastrointestinal luminal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Huang
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania (Huang, Li)
| | - Guoli Chen
- The Department of Pathology, PennState Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania (Chen)
| | - Hongjie Li
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania (Huang, Li)
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Neto Í, Rocha J, Gaspar MM, Reis CP. Experimental Murine Models for Colorectal Cancer Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092570. [PMID: 37174036 PMCID: PMC10177088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy worldwide and in both sexes. Numerous animal models for CRC have been established to study its biology, namely carcinogen-induced models (CIMs) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). CIMs are valuable for assessing colitis-related carcinogenesis and studying chemoprevention. On the other hand, CRC GEMMs have proven to be useful for evaluating the tumor microenvironment and systemic immune responses, which have contributed to the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. Although metastatic disease can be induced by orthotopic injection of CRC cell lines, the resulting models are not representative of the full genetic diversity of the disease due to the limited number of cell lines suitable for this purpose. On the other hand, patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are the most reliable for preclinical drug development due to their ability to retain pathological and molecular characteristics. In this review, the authors discuss the various murine CRC models with a focus on their clinical relevance, benefits, and drawbacks. From all models discussed, murine CRC models will continue to be an important tool in advancing our understanding and treatment of this disease, but additional research is required to find a model that can correctly reflect the pathophysiology of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íris Neto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Rocha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina P Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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de Jong E, Kocer A. Current Methods for Identifying Plasma Membrane Proteins as Cancer Biomarkers. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:409. [PMID: 37103836 PMCID: PMC10142483 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane proteins are a special class of biomolecules present on the cellular membrane. They provide the transport of ions, small molecules, and water in response to internal and external signals, define a cell's immunological identity, and facilitate intra- and intercellular communication. Since they are vital to almost all cellular functions, their mutants, or aberrant expression is linked to many diseases, including cancer, where they are a part of cancer cell-specific molecular signatures and phenotypes. In addition, their surface-exposed domains make them exciting biomarkers for targeting by imaging agents and drugs. This review looks at the challenges in identifying cancer-related cell membrane proteins and the current methodologies that solve most of the challenges. We classified the methodologies as biased, i.e., search cells for the presence of already known membrane proteins. Second, we discuss the unbiased methods that can identify proteins without prior knowledge of what they are. Finally, we discuss the potential impact of membrane proteins on the early detection and treatment of cancer.
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Vtorushin SV, Krakhmal NV, Zavalishina LE, Kuznetsova OA, Moskvina LV, Frank GA. [Assessment of HER2 status of carcinomas of various localizations]. Arkh Patol 2023; 85:31-46. [PMID: 38010637 DOI: 10.17116/patol20238506131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A detailed description of the methodological aspects of the evaluation of HER2-status in carcinomas of such localizations as the mammary gland, pancreas, salivary glands, stomach, colon, endometrium, bladder, lungs is presented. Approaches and criteria for assessing HER2 status from methodological and clinical points of view are analyzed. The data are systematized in tables for use in practical diagnostic work.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Vtorushin
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - N V Krakhmal
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L E Zavalishina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Kuznetsova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Moskvina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - G A Frank
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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Ghazi B, El Ghanmi A, Kandoussi S, Ghouzlani A, Badou A. CAR T-cells for colorectal cancer immunotherapy: Ready to go? Front Immunol 2022; 13:978195. [PMID: 36458008 PMCID: PMC9705989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.978195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells represent a new genetically engineered cell-based immunotherapy tool against cancer. The use of CAR T-cells has revolutionized the therapeutic approach for hematological malignancies. Unfortunately, there is a long way to go before this treatment can be developed for solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. CAR T-cell therapy for colorectal cancer is still in its early stages, and clinical data are scarce. Major limitations of this therapy include high toxicity, relapses, and an impermeable tumor microenvironment for CAR T-cell therapy in colorectal cancer. In this review, we summarize current knowledge, highlight challenges, and discuss perspectives regarding CAR T-cell therapy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Ghazi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Adil El Ghanmi
- Mohammed VI International University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sarah Kandoussi
- Immuno-Genetics and Human Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amina Ghouzlani
- Immuno-Genetics and Human Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Badou
- Immuno-Genetics and Human Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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Emerging Role of ERBB2 in Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Signaling Pathways to Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205160. [PMID: 36291943 PMCID: PMC9600272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Currently available targeted therapies for metastatic CRC mainly target vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in RAS wild-type tumors. Although Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) plays a significant therapeutic role in breast and gastric cancers, there are no licensed ERBB2-targeted therapies for metastatic CRC. This review aims to outline the molecular biology of ERBB2-positive metastatic CRC and potential targeted therapeutic strategies. Abstract Despite recent improvements in the comprehensive therapy of malignancy, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) continues to have a poor prognosis. Notably, 5% of mCRC cases harbor Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) alterations. ERBB2, commonly referred to as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family of protein tyrosine kinases. In addition to being a recognized therapeutic target in the treatment of gastric and breast malignancies, it is considered crucial in the management of CRC. In this review, we describe the molecular biology of ERBB2 from the perspective of biomarkers for mCRC-targeted therapy, including receptor structures, signaling pathways, gene alterations, and their detection methods. We also discuss the relationship between ERBB2 aberrations and the underlying mechanisms of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and immunotherapy tolerance in these patients with a focus on novel targeted therapeutics and ongoing clinical trials. This may aid the development of a new standard of care in patients with ERBB2-positive mCRC.
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Qin X, Wu F, Chen C, Li Q. Recent advances in CAR-T cells therapy for colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:904137. [PMID: 36238297 PMCID: PMC9551069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.904137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, with a high mortality rate and a serious impact on people’s life and health. In recent years, adoptive chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells therapy has shown well efficacy in the treatment of hematological malignancies, but there are still many problems and challenges in solid tumors such as CRC. For example, the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, the low targeting of CAR-T cells, the short time of CAR-T cells in vivo, and the limited proliferation capacity of CAR-T cells, CAR-T cells can not effectively infiltrate into the tumor and so on. New approaches have been proposed to address these challenges in CRC, and this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of CAR-T cells therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Qin
- Biotherapy Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Fengjiao Wu
- Biotherapy Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Li, ; Chang Chen,
| | - Qi Li
- Biotherapy Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Li, ; Chang Chen,
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13
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Valenzuela G, Burotto M, Marcelain K, González-Montero J. Liquid biopsy to detect resistance mutations against anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:1654-1664. [PMID: 36187383 PMCID: PMC9516650 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i9.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, associated with a steadily growing prevalence. Notably, the identification of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations has markedly improved targeted CRC therapy by affording treatments directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and other anti-angiogenic therapies. However, the survival benefit conferred by these therapies remains variable and difficult to predict, owing to the high level of molecular heterogeneity among patients with CRC. Although classification into consensus molecular subtypes could optimize response prediction to targeted therapies, the acquisition of resistance mutations to targeted therapy is, in part, responsible for the lack of response in some patients. However, the acquisition of such mutations can induce challenges in clinical practice. The utility of liquid biopsy to detect resistance mutations against anti-EGFR therapy has recently been described. This approach may constitute a new standard in the decision algorithm for targeted CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Valenzuela
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago 7500922, Chile
| | - Mauricio Burotto
- Department of Oncology, Bradford-Hill Clinical Research Center, Santiago 8420383, Chile
| | - Katherine Marcelain
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Jaime González-Montero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Department of Oncology, Bradford-Hill Clinical Research Center, Santiago 8420383, Chile
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14
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Precision Medicine in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Targeting ERBB2 (HER-2) Oncogene. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153718. [PMID: 35954382 PMCID: PMC9367374 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in terms of incidence rate in adults and the second most common cause of cancer-related death in Europe. The treatment of metastatic CRC (mCRC) is based on the use of chemotherapy, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for RAS wild-type tumors. Precision medicine tries to identify molecular alterations that could be treated with targeted therapies. Although ERBB2 (also known as HER-2) has an important therapeutic role in breast and esophagogastric cancer, there are no approved ERBB2-targeted therapies for mCRC. The purpose of this review is to describe the landscape of ERBB2-positive mCRC. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in terms of incidence rate in adults and the second most common cause of cancer-related death in Europe. The treatment of metastatic CRC (mCRC) is based on the use of chemotherapy, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for RAS wild-type tumors. Precision medicine tries to identify molecular alterations that could be treated with targeted therapies. ERBB2 amplification (also known as HER-2) has been identified in 2–3% of patients with mCRC, but there are currently no approved ERBB2-targeted therapies for mCRC. The purpose of this review is to describe the molecular structure of ERBB2, clinical features of these patients, diagnosis of ERBB2 alterations, and the most relevant clinical trials with ERBB2-targeted therapies in mCRC.
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15
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Cao L, Dong G, Li H. CircRNA circ-ATAD1 suppresses miR-618 maturation to participate in colorectal cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:215. [PMID: 35505304 PMCID: PMC9063078 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CircRNA circ-ATAD1 has been characterized as an oncogenic circRNA in gastric cancer, while its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown. This study was carried out to explore the role of circ-ATAD1 in CRC. METHODS Paired CRC and adjacent non-tumor tissue samples collected from 64 CRC patients were subjected to RNA extractions and RT-qPCRs to analyze the expression of circ-ATAD1, premature miR-618, and mature miR-618 in CRC. The effects of circ-ATAD1 overexpression on miR-618 maturation were analyzed by transfecting circ-ATAD1 expression vector into CRC cells, followed by determining the expression of premature miR-618 and mature miR-618 using RT-qPCR. The subcellular location of circ-ATAD1 was analyzed by nuclear fractionation assay, and the interaction between circ-ATAD1 and premature miR-618 was analyzed by RNA pull-down assay. The roles of circ-ATAD1, premature miR-618, and mature miR-618 in regulating CRC cell proliferation were explored by CCK-8 assay. RESULTS Circ-ATAD1 was upregulated in CRC and predicted poor survival. In addition, circ-ATAD1 was inversely correlated with mature miR-618 but not premature miR-618. In CRC cells, circ-ATAD1 overexpression decreased the level of mature miR-618 but not premature miR-618. Circ-ATAD1 was detected in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. A direct interaction between circ-ATAD1 and miR-618 was observed. Moreover, circ-ATAD1 overexpression reduced the inhibitory effects of miR-618 overexpression on cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Circ-ATAD1 is overexpressed in CRC and may suppress miR-618 maturation to participate in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Department of Hepatology Surgery, Department of Liver Medicine, Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglong Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huan Li
- Military Science Press, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
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16
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Mohamed AA, Lau DK, Chau I. HER2 targeted therapy in colorectal cancer: New horizons. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 105:102363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Xu J, Meng Q, Sun H, Zhang X, Yun J, Li B, Wu S, Li X, Yang H, Zhu H, Aschner M, Relucenti M, Familiari G, Chen R. HER2-specific chimeric antigen receptor-T cells for targeted therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1109. [PMID: 34839348 PMCID: PMC8627513 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - T cell therapy is a new class of cellular immunotherapies, which has made great achievements in the treatment of malignant tumors. Despite improvements in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy, treatment of many patients fails because of metastasis and recurrence. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a substantiated target for CAR-T therapy, and has been reported recently to be over-expressed in CRC, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment. Herein, HER2 was a promising target of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in CAR-T therapy as assessed by flow cytometry and tissue microarray (TMA) with 9-year survival follow-up data. Furthermore, HER2-specific CAR-T cells exhibited strong cytotoxicity and cytokine-secreting ability against CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, through the tumor-bearing model of the NOD-Prkdcem26cd52Il2rgem26Cd22/Nju (NCG) mice, HER2 CAR-T cells showed signs of effectively preventing CRC progression in three different xenograft models. Notably, HER2 CAR-T cells displayed greater aggressiveness in HER2+ CRC in the patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models and had potent immunotherapeutic capacity for mCRC in the metastatic xenograft mouse models. In conclusion, our studies provide scientific evidence that HER2 CAR-T cells represent an emerging immunotherapy for the treatment of mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- School of Public Health, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Jun Yun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- School of Public Health, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,School of Public Health, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hongbao Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Cancer hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 5000161, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Familiari
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Medical and Legal locomotive Apparatus, Section of Human Anatomy Via Alfonso Borelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 5000161, Italia
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,School of Public Health, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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18
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Jiang M, Jin S, Han J, Li T, Shi J, Zhong Q, Li W, Tang W, Huang Q, Zong H. Detection and clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer. Biomark Res 2021; 9:85. [PMID: 34798902 PMCID: PMC8605607 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histopathological examination (biopsy) is the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, biopsy is an invasive method, and due to the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of the tumor, a single biopsy cannot reveal the comprehensive biological characteristics and dynamic changes of the tumor. Therefore, there is a need for new biomarkers to improve CRC diagnosis and to monitor and treat CRC patients. Numerous studies have shown that "liquid biopsy" is a promising minimally invasive method for early CRC detection. A liquid biopsy mainly samples circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNA (miRNA) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). CTCs are malignant cells that are shed from the primary tumors and/or metastases into the peripheral circulation. CTCs carry information on both primary tumors and metastases that can reflect dynamic changes in tumors in a timely manner. As a promising biomarker, CTCs can be used for early disease detection, treatment response and disease progression evaluation, disease mechanism elucidation, and therapeutic target identification for drug development. This review will discuss currently available technologies for plasma CTC isolation and detection, their utility in the management of CRC patients and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NO.1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NO.1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NO.1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Tong Li
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.,Precision Medicine Center, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NO.1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NO.1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenxue Tang
- Departments of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Qinqin Huang
- Academy of medical science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NO.1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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19
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Precision Medicine for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: the Evolution and Status of Molecular Profiling and Biomarkers. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-021-00466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Vranić S, Bešlija S, Gatalica Z. Targeting HER2 expression in cancer: New drugs and new indications. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2021; 21:1-4. [PMID: 32530388 PMCID: PMC7861626 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2020.4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional activation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been shown to strongly promote carcinogenesis, leading to the investigation of HER2-directed agents in cancers with HER2 genomic alterations. This has been best documented in the context of HER2 gene amplification in breast and gastric/gastroesophageal junction carcinomas for which several HER2-directed agents are available and have become a part of standard treatment regimens. Somatic HER2 gene mutations have been recently described at low frequency in a variety of human cancers and have emerged as a novel predictive biomarker for HER2-directed therapies. Preclinical data also indicate that activating HER2 mutations are potent oncogenic drivers in a manner that is analogous to HER2 amplification. HER2 mutations may clinically confer sensitivity to HER2-directed agents as recently shown in a phase II clinical trial with antibody-drug conjugate against HER2 trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semir Vranić
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Semir Bešlija
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Zoran Gatalica
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States and Oklahoma University College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
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21
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Imbastari F, Dahlmann M, Sporbert A, Mattioli CC, Mari T, Scholz F, Timm L, Twamley S, Migotti R, Walther W, Dittmar G, Rehm A, Stein U. MACC1 regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis and receptor recycling of transferrin receptor and EGFR in colorectal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3525-3542. [PMID: 33469705 PMCID: PMC8038998 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis Associated in Colon Cancer 1 (MACC1) is a novel prognostic, predictive and causal biomarker for tumor progression and metastasis in many cancer types, including colorectal cancer. Besides its clinical value, little is known about its molecular function. Its similarity to SH3BP4, involved in regulating uptake and recycling of transmembrane receptors, suggests a role of MACC1 in endocytosis. By exploring the MACC1 interactome, we identified the clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME)-associated proteins CLTC, DNM2 and AP-2 as MACC1 binding partners. We unveiled a MACC1-dependent routing of internalized transferrin receptor towards recycling. Elevated MACC1 expression caused also the activation and internalization of EGFR, a higher rate of receptor recycling, as well as earlier and stronger receptor activation and downstream signaling. These effects are limited by deletion of CME-related protein interaction sites in MACC1. Thus, MACC1 regulates CME and receptor recycling, causing increased growth factor-mediated downstream signaling and cell proliferation. This novel mechanism unveils potential therapeutic intervention points restricting MACC1-driven metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Imbastari
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz-Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Dahlmann
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz-Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anje Sporbert
- Advanced Light Microscopy, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Camilla Ciolli Mattioli
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tommaso Mari
- Proteome Dynamics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Scholz
- Tumor Immunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Timm
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz-Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shailey Twamley
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz-Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Walther
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz-Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Armin Rehm
- Tumor Immunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz-Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
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22
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Rizzo A, Ricci AD, Bonucci C, Tober N, Palloni A, Frega G, Brandi G. Experimental HER2- targeted therapies for biliary tract cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 30:389-399. [PMID: 33218269 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1854724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) constitute a heterogeneous group of poor-prognosis solid tumors with limited treatment options. In the last decade, global efforts have tried to identify therapeutic targets by genomic profiling of BTC, unveiling several genetic aberrations that could play a prognostic and/or a predictive role in these malignancies.Areas covered: In this review, we will present an overview regarding the role of HER2 targeted therapies in BTC, with a particular focus on clinical studies carried out in this field to date and ongoing trials. A literature search was conducted in August 2020 of Pubmed/Medline, Cochrane library and Scopus databases for published preclinical and clinical studies; moreover, abstract of international cancer meetings (AACR, ASCO, and ESMO) were reviewed.Expert opinion: Despite recent advances in medical oncology, the overall survival of BTC patients remains low and there is an urgent need for novel and more effective treatments. Although HER2 blockade has been suggested to induce durable tumor responses in selected subjects with BTC, controversial results have been reported so far and data from ongoing prospective clinical trials are awaited to further clarify the role of anti-HER2 therapies in BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rizzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Dalia Ricci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nastassja Tober
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Palloni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Frega
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Division of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Navarro S, Cuatrecasas M, Hernández-Losa J, Landolfi S, Musulén E, Ramón Y Cajal S, García-Carbonero R, García-Foncillas J, Pérez-Segura P, Salazar R, Vera R, García-Alfonso P. [Update of the recommendations for the determination of biomarkers in colorectal carcinoma. National Consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Society of Pathology]. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA : PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE CITOLOGÍA 2020; 54:41-54. [PMID: 33455693 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This update of the consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica - SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica - SEAP), reviews the advances in the analysis of biomarkers in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as susceptibility markers of hereditary CRC and molecular biomarkers of localized CRC. Recently published information on the essential determination of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and the possible benefits of determining the amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the expression of proteins in the DNA repair pathway and the study of NTRK fusions are also evaluated. From a pathological point of view, the importance of analysing the tumour budding and poorly differentiated clusters and its prognostic value in CRC is reviewed, as well as the impact of molecular lymph node analysis on lymph node staging in CRC. The incorporation of pan-genomic technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and liquid biopsy in the clinical management of patients with CRC is also outlined. All these aspects are developed in this guide which, like the previous one, will be revised when necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Navarro
- Departamento de Patología, Universidad de Valencia, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, CIBERONC, Valencia, España.
| | | | - Javier Hernández-Losa
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, CIBERONC, Barcelona, España
| | - Stefania Landolfi
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, CIBERONC, Barcelona, España
| | - Eva Musulén
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya, Grupo Quirónsalud, Sant Cugat del Vallès, España; Grupo de Epigenética del Cáncer, Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, Badalona, España
| | - Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, CIBERONC, Barcelona, España
| | - Rocío García-Carbonero
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), UCM, CNIO, CIBERONC, Madrid, España
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Departamento de Oncología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Pedro Pérez-Segura
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, CIBERONC, Madrid, España
| | - Ramón Salazar
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, ICO ĹHospitalet, Oncobell Program (IDIBELL), CIBERONC, Hospitalet de Llobregat, España
| | - Ruth Vera
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Navarrabiomed, IDISNA, Pamplona, España
| | - Pilar García-Alfonso
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
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Li QH, Wang YZ, Tu J, Liu CW, Yuan YJ, Lin R, He WL, Cai SR, He YL, Ye JN. Anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: mechanisms and potential regimens of drug resistance. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2020; 8:179-191. [PMID: 32665850 PMCID: PMC7333932 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab and panitumumab, as the highly effective antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), have clinical activity in the patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). These agents have good curative efficacy, but drug resistance also exists at the same time. The effects of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations and HER2 amplification on the treatment of refractory mCRC have been elucidated and the corresponding countermeasures have been put forward. However, the changes in EGFR and its ligands, the mutations or amplifications of PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53, MET, HER3, IRS2, FGFR1, and MAP2K1, the overexpression of insulin growth factor-1, the low expression of Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death, mismatch repair-deficient, and epigenetic instability may also lead to drug resistance in mCRC. Although the emergence of drug resistance has genetic or epigenetic heterogeneity, most of these molecular changes relating to it are focused on the key signaling pathways, such as the RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. Accordingly, numerous efforts to target these signaling pathways and develop the novel therapeutic regimens have been carried out. Herein, we have reviewed the underlying mechanisms of the resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and the possible implications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hai Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Zhao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian Tu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chu-Wei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Run Lin
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Rong Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Long He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ning Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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25
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Tayanloo-Beik A, Sarvari M, Payab M, Gilany K, Alavi-Moghadam S, Gholami M, Goodarzi P, Larijani B, Arjmand B. OMICS insights into cancer histology; Metabolomics and proteomics approach. Clin Biochem 2020; 84:13-20. [PMID: 32589887 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics as a post-genomic research area comprising different analytical methods for small molecules analysis. One of the underlying applications of metabolomics technology for better disease diagnosis and prognosis is discovering the metabolic pathway differences between healthy individuals and patients. On the other hand, the other noteworthy applications of metabolomics include its effective role in biomarker screening for cancer detection, monitoring, and prediction. In other words, emerging of the metabolomics field can be hopeful to provide a suitable alternative for the common current cancer diagnostic methods especially histopathological tests. Indeed, cancer as a major global issue places a substantial burden on the health care system. Hence, proper management can be beneficial. In this respect, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens (in histopathological tests) are considered as a valuable source for metabolomics investigations. Interestingly, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens can provide informative data for cancer management. In general, using these specimens, determining the cancer stage, individual response to the different therapies, personalized risk prediction are possible and high-quality clinical services are the promise of OMICS technologies for cancer disease. However, considering all of these beneficial characteristics, there are still some limitations in this area that need to be addressed in order to optimize the metabolomics utilizations and advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Sarvari
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Toxicology and Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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26
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García-Alfonso P, García-Carbonero R, García-Foncillas J, Pérez-Segura P, Salazar R, Vera R, Ramón Y Cajal S, Hernández-Losa J, Landolfi S, Musulén E, Cuatrecasas M, Navarro S. Update of the recommendations for the determination of biomarkers in colorectal carcinoma: National Consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Society of Pathology. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1976-1991. [PMID: 32418154 PMCID: PMC7505870 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this update of the consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica—SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica—SEAP), advances in the analysis of biomarkers in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as susceptibility markers of hereditary CRC and molecular biomarkers of localized CRC are reviewed. Recently published information on the essential determination of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and the convenience of determining the amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the expression of proteins in the DNA repair pathway and the study of NTRK fusions are also evaluated. From the pathological point of view, the importance of analysing the tumour budding and poorly differentiated clusters, and its prognostic value in CRC is reviewed, as well as the impact of molecular lymph node analysis on lymph node staging in CRC. The incorporation of pan-genomic technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and liquid biopsy in the clinical management of patients with CRC is also outlined. All these aspects are developed in this guide, which, like the previous one, will remain open to any necessary revision in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- P García-Alfonso
- Departament of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - R García-Carbonero
- Departament of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), UCM, CNIO, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - J García-Foncillas
- Departament of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Pérez-Segura
- Departament of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Salazar
- Departament of Medical Oncology, ICO L'Hospitalet, Oncobell Program (IDIBELL), CIBERONC, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - R Vera
- Departament of Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra; Navarrabiomed, IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Ramón Y Cajal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Hernández-Losa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Landolfi
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Musulén
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya, Grupo Quirónsalud, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.,Cancer Epigenetics Group, Institut de Recerca Contra La Leucèmia Josep Carreras, Badalona, Spain
| | - M Cuatrecasas
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Navarro
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
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Miele E, Abballe L, Spinelli GP, Besharat ZM, Catanzaro G, Chiacchiarini M, Vacca A, Po A, Capalbo C, Ferretti E. BRAF mutant colorectal cancer: ErbB2 expression levels as predictive factor for the response to combined BRAF/ErbB inhibitors. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:129. [PMID: 32066410 PMCID: PMC7027203 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with a complex biology and a wide number of altered genes such as BRAF, KRAS and PIK3CA. Advances with new-targeted therapies have been achieved and available treating options have prolonged patient's survival. However, BRAF-mutated CRC patients remain unresponsive to available therapies with RAF inhibitors (RAFi) alone or combined with ErbB inhibitors (ErbBi). These unmet needs require further exploitation of oncogenic signaling in order to set up individualized treatments. METHODS To this end, we tested the efficacy of single agent or combined treatments using the BRAFi, vemurafenib and two different ErbBi: panitumumab and afatinib in CRC cells characterized by different molecular phenotypes. RESULTS Combination strategies with BRAFi and ErbBi achieved a better response in BRAFV600E mutated cells expressing high levels of ErbB2. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the importance of ErbB2 evaluation in BRAF-mutated CRC patients and its role as a positive predictor factor of response to BRAFi/ErbBi combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Miele
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Present address: Department of Onco-Haematology, Cellular and Genetic Therapy of Pediatric Tumors, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Abballe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Spinelli
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubbica, 04100 Latina, Italy
- UOC, Territorial Oncology District 1 - ASL Latina, Via Giustiniano snc, 04011 Aprilia, LT Italy
| | - Zein Mersini Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Chiacchiarini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vacca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed Institute, Località Camerelle, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy
- Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza Università di Roma, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Zhang X, Wu J, Wang L, Zhao H, Li H, Duan Y, Li Y, Xu P, Ran W, Xing X. HER2 and BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective study in Eastern China. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8602. [PMID: 32095377 PMCID: PMC7023828 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the frequency and prognostic role of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene (HER2) and BRAF V600E gene mutation in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Clinicopathological and survival information from 480 patients with stage I–III CRC were reviewed and recorded. HER2 amplification was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), BRAF V600E mutation was tested by IHC and Sanger sequencing. The relationship between HER2 and BRAF V600E mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes were determined. Results The amplification of HER2 and BRAF V600E mutation were identified in 27 of 480 (5.63%) and 19 of 480 (3.96%) CRC patients, respectively. HER2 amplification significantly correlated with greater bowel wall invasion (P = 0.041) and more advanced TNM stage (I vs. II vs. III; 0 vs 5.78% vs. 7.41%, P = 0.013). Patients suffering from tumors with poor differentiation had a higher incidence rate of BRAF V600E mutation than those with moderate/well differentiation (7.77% vs 2.92%, P = 0.04). HER2 amplification was an independent prognostic factor for worse disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.21–5.30, P = 0.014). Conclusion The prevalence of HER2 amplification and BRAF V600E mutation in stage I–III CRC patients in Chinese was 6% and 4%, respectively, and HER2 amplification appeared to be associated with a worse DFS. More comprehensive molecular classification and survival analysis are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuhe Duan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Laixi People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenwen Ran
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoming Xing
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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29
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Milazzo FM, Vesci L, Anastasi AM, Chiapparino C, Rosi A, Giannini G, Taddei M, Cini E, Faltoni V, Petricci E, Battistuzzi G, Salvini L, Carollo V, De Santis R. ErbB2 Targeted Epigenetic Modulation: Anti-tumor Efficacy of the ADC Trastuzumab-HDACi ST8176AA1. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1534. [PMID: 32039017 PMCID: PMC6989603 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy using monoclonal antibodies conjugated to toxins is gaining space in the treatment of cancer. Here, we report the anti-tumor effect of a new antibody drug conjugate (ADC) delivering a HDAC inhibitor to ErbB2+ solid tumors. Trastuzumab was partially reduced with tris [2-carboxyethyl] phosphine (TCEP) and conjugated to ST7464AA1, the active form of the prodrug HDAC inhibitor ST7612AA1, through a maleimide-thiol linker to obtain the Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) ST8176AA1. The average drug/antibody ratio (DAR) was 4.5 as measured by hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). Binding of ST8176AA1 to ErbB2 receptor and internalization in tumor cells were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), cytofluorimetry, and High Content Screening (HCS) Imaging. The biological activity of the ADC was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by measuring cell proliferation/cell cycle, apoptosis/DNA damage, tubulin, and histone acetylation and modulation of Epithelial/Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) markers. Receptor binding and internalization of ST8176AA1 were confirmed to be similar to trastuzumab. Higher anti-tumor activity of ST8176AA1 compared to trastuzumab was observed in vitro in tumor cell lines. Such higher activity correlated with increased acetylation of histones and alfa-tubulin as a consequence of HDAC inhibitor-mediated epigenetic modulation that also induced increased expression of ErbB2 and estrogen receptor in triple negative breast cancer cells. Consistently with in vitro data, ST8176AA1 exhibited higher tumor growth inhibition than trastuzumab in xenograft models of ovary and colon carcinoma and in two patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of pancreatic carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry analysis of tumor masses showed lower expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 and higher expression of cleaved caspase-3 in mice treated with the ADC compared to those treated with trastuzumab and results correlated with increased acetylation of both histones and tubulin. Collectively, present data indicate that ADC ST8176AA1 can target epigenetic modulation to ErbB2+ tumors. Interestingly, the amount of HDACi estimated to be delivered at the ST8176AA1 effective dose would correspond to ~1/1,000 of ST7612AA1 effective dose. Therefore, ST8176AA1 is an attractive new therapeutic candidate because it exhibits increased anti-tumor potency compared to trastuzumab by exerting epigenetic modulation at a much safer dose compared to standard HDACi-based therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maurizio Taddei
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologia, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Cini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologia, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Elena Petricci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologia, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
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30
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Prediction of Drug Efficacy in Colon Cancer Preclinical Models Using a Novel Ranking Method of Gene Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010149. [PMID: 31936310 PMCID: PMC7016638 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of stromal cells in tumors is altering the significance of molecular profiling when using standard methods of gene expression quantification. We developed a novel normalization method to rank target gene expression in tumor samples by comparisons with reference samples representing the different cell types found in a tumor. The score for each target gene obtained after normalization, is aimed to be predictive of targeted therapies efficiency. We performed this qPCR analysis on human colorectal cancers to demonstrate the importance of reference samples to obtain accurate data and on a collection of patient-derived xenografted (PDX) colon tumors treated with Cetuximab (anti-EGFR) to demonstrate that the calculated EGFR score is predictive of Cetuximab efficacy. Interestingly, the score allowed to select an efficient treatment in a PDX model refractory to standard of care. This method is opening a novel way to predict targeted therapy efficiency which could be extended to several tumor types, and to unlimited target genes.
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