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Rio P, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Pollutants, microbiota and immune system: frenemies within the gut. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1285186. [PMID: 38799688 PMCID: PMC11116734 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1285186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollution is a critical concern of modern society for its heterogeneous effects on human health, despite a widespread lack of awareness. Environmental pollutants promote several pathologies through different molecular mechanisms. Pollutants can affect the immune system and related pathways, perturbing its regulation and triggering pro-inflammatory responses. The exposure to several pollutants also leads to alterations in gut microbiota with a decreasing abundance of beneficial microbes, such as short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, and an overgrowth of pro-inflammatory species. The subsequent intestinal barrier dysfunction, together with oxidative stress and increased inflammatory responses, plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. Moreover, pollutants encourage the inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence through various mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, dysregulation of cellular signalling pathways, cell cycle impairment and genomic instability. In this narrative review, we will describe the interplay between pollutants, gut microbiota, and the immune system, focusing on their relationship with inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying the health-to-disease transition may allow the design of public health policies aimed at reducing the burden of disease related to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Sarani A, Tavan A, Bahaadinbeigy K, Aminzadeh M, Moradi SM, Khademipour G, Farahmandnia H. Identifying mitigation strategies of comprehensive health centers against dust hazard: a qualitative study in Iran. BMC Emerg Med 2024; 24:72. [PMID: 38658837 PMCID: PMC11044318 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-024-00993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to dust can disrupt healthcare services and severely affect all activity domains of the health system. The aim of this study was to explore mitigation strategies for comprehensive health centers against dust hazard. METHOD The present study was conducted using a qualitative design with a conventional content analysis approach in 2023. The participants in this study were managers and staff of comprehensive health centers and experts in health in disasters and emergencies in Kerman, Bam, Regan, and Ahvaz. Data were collected through interviews. Data collection continued until data saturation. The collected data were analyzed based on the steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Participants' statements, after recording and transcribing, were categorized into semantic units. Data were analyzed by using MAXQDA software version 2020. RESULTS The analysis of the data with 23 participants revealed 106 Codes, 13 sub- categories and 5 main categories including: (A) reducing the impact of dust hazards, (B) management functions, (C) empowerment and performance improvement, (D) maintaining and promoting safety, and (E) Inter-sectoral coordination to implement mitigation strategies. CONCLUSION The findings showed that the mitigation strategies and solutions can be used by health policymakers and planners to reduce the impact of dust hazard, empower and motivate healthcare staff, develop training protocols to enhance risk perception of the staff and members of the community, create the necessary infrastructure for adoption of effective mitigation strategies in healthcare centers to create resilience and continue service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Sarani
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asghar Tavan
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kambiz Bahaadinbeigy
- The Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohsen Aminzadeh
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyed Mobin Moradi
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Khademipour
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hojjat Farahmandnia
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Bonanni LJ, Wittkopp S, Long C, Aleman JO, Newman JD. A review of air pollution as a driver of cardiovascular disease risk across the diabetes spectrum. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1321323. [PMID: 38665261 PMCID: PMC11043478 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1321323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is estimated to reach almost 630 million cases worldwide by the year 2045; of current and projected cases, over 90% are type 2 diabetes. Air pollution exposure has been implicated in the onset and progression of diabetes. Increased exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with increases in blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) across the glycemic spectrum, including normoglycemia, prediabetes, and all forms of diabetes. Air pollution exposure is a driver of cardiovascular disease onset and exacerbation and can increase cardiovascular risk among those with diabetes. In this review, we summarize the literature describing the relationships between air pollution exposure, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, highlighting how airborne pollutants can disrupt glucose homeostasis. We discuss how air pollution and diabetes, via shared mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction, drive increased cardiovascular disease risk. We identify portable air cleaners as potentially useful tools to prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes due to air pollution exposure across the diabetes spectrum, while emphasizing the need for further study in this particular population. Given the enormity of the health and financial impacts of air pollution exposure on patients with diabetes, a greater understanding of the interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk in this population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J. Bonanni
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sharine Wittkopp
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clarine Long
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - José O. Aleman
- Division of Endocrinology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Newman
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
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Mohammadi MJ, Fouladi Dehaghi B, Mansourimoghadam S, Sharhani A, Amini P, Ghanbari S. Cardiovascular disease, mortality and exposure to particulate matter (PM): a systematic review and meta-analysis. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2024; 39:141-149. [PMID: 36302126 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the main factors that causes health effects in humans such as hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease (HACVD), respiratory disease (RD), lung function, cardiovascular mortality (MCVD), lung cancer, and increased mortality is air pollution especially particulate matter (PM). This a systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects of particulate matter on the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was done from 2011 to 2021 based on various databases. Based on the result of this study, subgroup analysis based on temperature conditions showed a different estimation in cold cities (6.24, UR (4.36-8.12)), moderate cities (4.86, UR (3.57-6.15)) and warm cities (8.96, UR (7.06-10.86)). Test of group differences showed a significant difference (Q=12.22, p-value<0.001). There was publication bias among the studies (the Egger's test; (Z=14.18, p<0.001)). According result study pooled estimation of AP% for MCVD from the random-effect meta-analysis based on DerSimonian-Laird model, overall is 5.04, UR (3.65-6.43) (Figure 4). Subgroup analysis based on temperature conditions showed the estimation in cold cities (5.47, UR (3.97-6.97)) and moderate cities (4.65, UR (0.54-8.77)). Test of group differences showed a non-significant difference (Q=0.13, p-value=0.71). There was no publication bias among the studies (the Egger's test; (Z=0.82, p=0.376)). Exposed to air pollutants and particulate matter can be increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Environmental Technology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Asaad Sharhani
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Amini
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghanbari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Tsai HH, Tantoh DM, Lu WY, Chen CY, Liaw YP. Cigarette smoking and PM 2.5 might jointly exacerbate the risk of metabolic syndrome. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1234799. [PMID: 38288423 PMCID: PMC10822970 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1234799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking and particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are major preventable cardiovascular mortality and morbidity promoters. Their joint role in metabolic syndrome (MS) pathogenesis is unknown. We determined the risk of MS based on PM2.5 and cigarette smoking in Taiwanese adults. Methods The study included 126,366 Taiwanese between 30 and 70 years old with no personal history of cancer. The Taiwan Biobank (TWB) contained information on MS, cigarette smoking, and covariates, while the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA), Taiwan, contained the PM2.5 information. Individuals were categorized as current, former, and nonsmokers. PM2.5 levels were categorized into quartiles: PM2.5 ≤ Q1, Q1 < PM2.5 ≤ Q2, Q2 < PM2.5 ≤ Q3, and PM2.5 > Q3, corresponding to PM2.5 ≤ 27.137, 27.137 < PM2.5 ≤ 32.589, 32.589 < PM2.5 ≤ 38.205, and PM2.5 > 38.205 μg/m3. Results The prevalence of MS was significantly different according to PM2.5 exposure (p-value = 0.0280) and cigarette smoking (p-value < 0.0001). Higher PM2.5 levels were significantly associated with a higher risk of MS: odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.058; 1.014-1.104, 1.185; 1.134-1.238, and 1.149; 1.101-1.200 for 27.137 < PM2.5 ≤ 32.589, 32.589 < PM2.5 ≤ 38.205, and PM2.5 > 38.205 μg/m3, respectively. The risk of MS was significantly higher among former and current smokers with OR; 95% CI = 1.062; 1.008-1.118 and 1.531; 1.450-1.616, respectively, and a dose-dependent p-value < 0.0001. The interaction between both exposures regarding MS was significant (p-value = 0.0157). Stratification by cigarette smoking revealed a significant risk of MS due to PM2.5 exposure among nonsmokers: OR (95% CI) = 1.074 (1.022-1.128), 1.226 (1.166-1.290), and 1.187 (1.129-1.247) for 27.137 < PM2.5 ≤ 32.589, 32.589 < PM2.5 ≤ 38.205, and PM2.5 > 38.205 μg/m3, respectively. According to PM2.5 quartiles, current smokers had a higher risk of MS, regardless of PM2.5 levels (OR); 95% CI = 1.605; 1.444-1.785, 1.561; 1.409-1.728, 1.359; 1.211-1.524, and 1.585; 1.418-1.772 for PM2.5 ≤ 27.137, 27.137 < PM2.5 ≤ 32.589, 32.589 < PM2.5 ≤ 38.205, and PM2.5 > 38.205 μg/m3, respectively. After combining both exposures, the group, current smokers; PM2.5 > 38.205 μg/m3 had the highest odds (1.801; 95% CI =1.625-1.995). Conclusion PM2.5 and cigarette smoking were independently and jointly associated with a higher risk of MS. Stratified analyses revealed that cigarette smoking might have a much higher effect on MS than PM2.5. Nonetheless, exposure to both PM2.5 and cigarette smoking could compound the risk of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hung Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen Yu Lu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Jeong M, Ju Y, Kwon H, Kim Y, Hyun KY, Choi GE. Protocatechuic Acid and Syringin from Saussurea neoserrata Nakai Attenuate Prostaglandin Production in Human Keratinocytes Exposed to Airborne Particulate Matter. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5950-5966. [PMID: 37504292 PMCID: PMC10378452 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Saussurea neoserrata Nakai offers a reliable and efficient source of antioxidants that can help alleviate adverse skin reactions triggered by air pollutants. Air pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM), have the ability to infiltrate the skin and contribute to the higher occurrence of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory ailments. Individuals with compromised skin barriers are particularly susceptible to the impact of PM since it can be absorbed more readily through the skin. This study investigated the impact of protocatechuic acid and syringin, obtained from the n-BuOH extract of S. neoserrata Nakai, on the release of PGE2 and PGD2 induced by PM10. Additionally, it examined the gene expression of the synthesis of PGE2 and PGD2 in human keratinocytes. The findings of this research highlight the potential of utilizing safe and efficient plant-derived antioxidants in dermatological and cosmetic applications to mitigate the negative skin reactions caused by exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeongguk Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongdon Ju
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
- Medical Science Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yae Hyun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Go-Eun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
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Li S, Liu B, Liu Y, Ding YQ, Zhang J, Feng L. Effects of maternal urban particulate matter SRM 1648a exposure on birth outcomes and offspring growth in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2387-2400. [PMID: 35972609 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) during pregnancy and abnormal birth outcomes is still inconclusive. This study aims to provide more evidence for this public health concern by investigating birth outcomes and the growth of offspring in mice exposed to PM during pregnancy. C57BL/6 J pregnant mice were exposed to PM via nasal drip at three doses or solvent control. The dam weight gain was recorded during pregnancy. The number of pups, pup weight, and placental weight were recorded at embryonic day 18.5 (E18.5) necropsy. For mice that gave birth naturally, we calculated the gestation length and measured the body weight of offspring once a week from the 1st to the 6th week after birth. The results showed that there were no significant differences in maternal body weight gain, conception rate, pregnancy duration, and litter size among different groups. There were no significant differences in fetal weight, placental weight, and fetal/placental weight ratio at E18.5. Weight gain in offspring was reduced after birth. The average body weight of offspring in the high-dose group was significantly lower than that in the control group at weeks 5 in female pups. There were no significant differences in the body weight of male offspring among groups from 1st to the 6th. Together, our study indicated that maternal exposure to PM did not significantly impact birth outcomes of C57BL/6 J mice but affected growth trajectories in offspring after birth in a dose- and fetal sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Li
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjie Liu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liping Feng
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Division of Reproductive Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 103208, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Guo J, Chai G, Song X, Hui X, Li Z, Feng X, Yang K. Long-term exposure to particulate matter on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1134341. [PMID: 37056647 PMCID: PMC10089304 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1134341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLong-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) has essential and profound effects on human health, but most current studies focus on high-income countries. Evidence of the correlations between PM and health effects in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially the risk factor PM1 (particles < 1 μm in size), remains unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter on the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in LMICs.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception to May 1, 2022. Cohort studies and case-control studies that examine the effects of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 on the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in LMICs were included. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Outcomes were analyzed via a random effects model and are reported as the relative risk (RR) with 95% CI.ResultsOf the 1,978 studies that were identified, 38 met all the eligibility criteria. The studies indicated that long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, and PM1 was associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases: (1) Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity (RR per 1.11 μg/m3, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) and mortality (RR per 1.10 μg/m3, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.14) and was significantly associated with respiratory mortality (RR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.38) and morbidity (RR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.04); (2) An increased risk of respiratory mortality was observed in the elderly (65+ years) (RR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.47) with long-term exposure to PM2.5; (3) Long-term exposure to PM10 was associated with cardiovascular morbidity (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.13), respiratory morbidity (RR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.69) and respiratory mortality (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.10, 1.49); (4) A significant association between long-term exposure to PM1 and cardiovascular disease was also observed.ConclusionsLong-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and PM1 was all related to cardiovascular and respiratory disease events. PM2.5 had a greater effect than PM10, especially on respiratory diseases, and the risk of respiratory mortality was significantly higher for LMICs than high-income countries. More studies are needed to confirm the effect of PM1 on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanmei Guo
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guorong Chai
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guorong Chai
| | - Xuping Song
- Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Xuping Song
| | - Xu Hui
- Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Arregocés HA, Rojano R, Restrepo G. Health risk assessment for particulate matter: application of AirQ+ model in the northern Caribbean region of Colombia. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2023; 16:897-912. [PMID: 36819789 PMCID: PMC9930048 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-023-01304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is considered the world's most important environmental and public health risk. The annual exposure for particulate matter (PM) in the northern Caribbean region of Colombia between 2011 and 2019 was determined using PM records from 25 monitoring stations located within the area. The impact of exposure to particulate matter was assessed through the updated Global Burden of Disease health risk functions using the AirQ+ model for mortality attributable to acute lower respiratory disease (in children ≤ 4 years); mortality in adults aged > 18 years old attributable to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischaemic heart disease, lung cancer, and stroke; and all-cause post-neonatal infant mortality. The proportions of the prevalence of bronchitis in children and the incidence of chronic bronchitis in adults attributable to PM exposure were also estimated for the population at risk. Weather Research and Forecasting-California PUFF (WRF-CALPUFF) modeling systems were used to estimate the spatiotemporal trends and calculate mortality relative risk due to prolonged PM2.5 exposure. Proportions of mortality attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 were estimated to be around 11.6% of ALRI deaths in children ≤ 4 years of age, 16.1% for COPD, and 26.6% for IHD in adults. For LC and stroke, annual proportions attributable to PM exposure were estimated to be 9.1% and 18.9%, respectively. An estimated 738 deaths per year are directly attributed to particulate matter pollution. The highest number of deaths per year is recorded in the adult population over 18 years old with a mean of 401 events. The mean risk in terms of the prevalence of bronchitis attributable to air pollution in children was determined to be 109 per 100,000 inhabitants per year. The maximum RR values for mortality (up 1.95%) from long-term PM2.5 exposure were predicted to correspond to regions downwind to the industrial zone. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11869-023-01304-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli A. Arregocés
- Grupo de Investigación GISA, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia
- Grupo Procesos Fisicoquímicos Aplicados, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia SIU/UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Roberto Rojano
- Grupo de Investigación GISA, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia
| | - Gloria Restrepo
- Grupo Procesos Fisicoquímicos Aplicados, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia SIU/UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, Medellín, Colombia
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Gu Y, Xu H, Feng R, Cheng Y, Han B, Ho KF, Wang Z, He Y, Qu L, Ho SSH, Sun J, Shen Z, Cao J. Associations of personal exposure to domestic heating and cooking fuel emissions and epidemiological effects on rural residents in the Fenwei Plain, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159217. [PMID: 36206913 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid fuel combustion for domestic heating in northern China in the wintertime is of great environmental and health concern. This study assesses personal exposure to particulate matter with different aerodynamic diameters and multiple gaseous pollutants from 123 rural residents in Yuncheng, the Fenwei Plain. The subjects are divided into groups based on the unique energy source applied, including biomass, coal, and electricity/no heating activities. The health effects of the exposures are expressed with four urinary biomarkers. The personal exposure levels to three different aerodynamic particle sizes (i.e., PM10, PM2.5, and PM1) of the electricity/no heating group are 5.1 % -12 % lower than those of the coal group. In addition, the exposure levels are 25 %-40 % lower for carbon monoxide (CO) and 10.8 %-20.3 % lower for ozone (O3) in the electricity/no heating group than the other two fuel groups. C-reactive protein (CRP) in the urine of the participants in biomass and coal groups is significantly higher than that in the electricity/no heating group, consistent with the observations on other biomarkers. Increases in 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are observed for the exposures to higher concentrations of air pollutants. For instance, PMs and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) show significant impacts on positive correlations with 8-OHdG and IL-8, while O3 positively correlates with CRP. PM1 exhibits higher effects on the biomarkers than the gaseous pollutants, especially on VEGF and IL-8. The study indicates that excessive use of traditional domestic solid fuels could pose severe health effects on rural residents. The promotion of using clean energy is urgently needed in the rural areas of northern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Gu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; SKLLQG, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Rong Feng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bei Han
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zexuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yansu He
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linli Qu
- Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, United States
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhenxing Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; SKLLQG, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Junji Cao
- SKLLQG, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
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Isaifan RJ. Air pollution burden of disease over highly populated states in the Middle East. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1002707. [PMID: 36684989 PMCID: PMC9853520 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1002707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent epidemiological research has proven that air pollution triggers the risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular-related diseases. More specifically, fine particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) can penetrate deeply into the lung and bloodstream, causing critical adverse effects on human health. Objective It is found that there is inadequate published research related to the health impact of ambient air pollution in the Middle East region. Some states are well studied, while others are not. This work aims to evaluate the health impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in the nine most populated countries in the Middle East region, with a total population of about 363 million (in 2012). Methods In this study, the human health impacts in terms of total mortality and the estimated attributable proportion (AP) due to long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 were estimated using the World Health Organization method and software (AirQ+). Results In 2012, the annual median PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 34 μg/m3 in Turkey and Syria to 108 μg/m3 in Saudi Arabia. The total estimated mortalities in the nine most populated countries in the Middle East due to long-term exposure to fine particulate matter was about 152,925 (half of which were residents in Egypt). Moreover, the relative risk (RR) was the highest for Saudi Arabia at 1.8031 and the lowest for Turkey and Syria at a value of 1.1553. The highest AP (central value) was 44.5% in Saudi Arabia, while the lowest was 13.4% in Turkey and Syria. Conclusions The results indicate a significant impact of air pollution due to long-term exposure to fine particles resulting in early mortality. This urges the collaboration between the governments and different sectors to adopt stringent regulations to control the anthropogenic sources related to traffic and industrial emissions in the Middle East in order to reduce the health burden of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima J. Isaifan
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Ecological study of ambient air pollution exposure and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in elderly. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21295. [PMID: 36494401 PMCID: PMC9734746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As an independent risk factor, ambient air pollution can assume a considerable part in mortality and worsening of cardiovascular disease. We sought to investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and cardiovascular disease mortality and their risk factors in Iranian's elderly population. This inquiry was conducted ecologically utilizing recorded data on cardiovascular disease mortality from 1990 to 2019 for males and females aged 50 years or more from the Global Burden of Disease dataset. Data was interned into Joinpoint software 4.9.0.0 to present Annual Percent Change (APC), Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC), and its confidence intervals. The relationship between recorded data on ambient air pollution and cardiovascular disease' mortality, the prevalence of high systolic blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol levels, high body mass index, and diabetes mellitus type2 was investigated using the Spearman correlation test in R 3.5.0 software. Our finding demonstrated that cardiovascular diseases in elderly males and females in Iran had a general decreasing trend (AAPC = -0.77% and -0.65%, respectively). The results showed a positive correlation between exposure to ambient ozone pollution (p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.94) ambient particulate and air pollution (p < 0.001, r = 0.99) and mortality of cardiovascular disease. Also, ambient air pollution was positively correlated with high systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001, r = 0.98), high LDL cholesterol levels (p < 0.001, r = 0.97), high body mass index (p < 0.001, r = 0.91), diabetes mellitus type2 (p < 0.001, r = 0.77). Evidence from this study indicated that ambient air pollution, directly and indirectly, affects cardiovascular disease mortality in two ways by increasing the prevalence of some traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Evidence-based clinical and public health methodologies are necessary to decrease the burden of death and disability associated with cardiovascular disease.
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Šulc L, Gregor P, Kalina J, Mikeš O, Janoš T, Čupr P. City-scale assessment of long-term air quality impacts on the respiratory and cardiovascular health. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1006536. [PMID: 36438287 PMCID: PMC9687097 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of the urban environment on human health is a contemporary subject of environmental research. Air pollution is often considered a leading environmental driver. However, a plethora of other factors within the urban exposome may be involved. At the same time, the resolution of spatial data is also an important facet to consider. Generally, systematic tools for accurate health risk assessment in the urban environment are missing or are not implemented. Methods The long-term impact of air quality (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, benzene, and SO2) on respiratory and cardiovascular health was assessed with a log-linear model. We used the most accurate health data in high city scale spatial resolution over the period 2010 to 2018. Selected external exposome parameters were also included in the analysis. Results Statistically significant associations between air pollution and the health of the urban population were found. The strongest association was between benzene and the incidence of bronchitis in the adult population [RR 1.552 95% CI (1.415-1.704) per 0.5 μg/m3 change in benzene concentration]. A similar relation was observed between NO2 and the same health condition [RR 1.483 95% CI (1.227-1.792) per 8.9 μg/m3 of change in NO2]. Other weaker associations were also found between asthma in children and PMs, NO2, or benzene. Cardiovascular-related hospitalizations in the general population were linked with NO2 [RR 1.218 95% CI (1.119-1.325) per 9.7 μg/m3 change in NO2]. The remaining pollutants were slightly less but still significantly associated with cardiovascular-related hospitalizations. Conclusion Our findings are mostly highly statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001) and are in line with current literature on the adverse effects of air pollution on the human population. The results highlight the need for continual improvements in air quality. We propose the implementation of this approach as a systematic tool for the investigation of possible health risks over a long period of time. However, further research involving other variables is an essential step toward understanding the complex urban exposome and its implications for human health. An increase in data spatial resolution is especially important in this respect as well as for improving city health risk management.
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Jia B, Tian Y, Dai Y, Chen R, Zhao P, Chu J, Feng X, Feng Y. Seasonal variation of dissolved bioaccessibility for potentially toxic elements in size-resolved PM: Impacts of bioaccessibility on inhalable risk and uncertainty. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119551. [PMID: 35649451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in airborne particulate matter (PM) are strongly dependent on their size distribution and dissolution. This study examined PTEs within nine distinct sizes of PM in a Chinese megacity, with a focus on their deposited and dissolved bioaccessibility in the human pulmonary region. A Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model was used to estimate the deposited bioaccessibility, and an in-vitro experiment with simulated lung fluid was conducted for dissolved bioaccessibility. During the non-heating season, the dissolved bioaccessible fraction (DBF) of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Pb and V were greater in fine PM (aerodynamics less than 2.1 μm) than in coarse PM (aerodynamics between 2.1 and 10 μm), and vice versa for Ni. With the increased demand of heating, the DBF of Pb and As decreased in fine particle sizes, probably due to the presence of oxide/silicate compounds from coal combustion. Inhalation health risks based on the bioaccessible concentrations of PTEs displayed the peaks in <0.43 μm and 2.1-3.3 μm particulate sizes. The non-cancer risk was at an acceptable level (95th percentiles of hazard index (HI) was 0.49), but the cancer risk exceeded the threshold value (95th percentiles of total incremental lifetime cancer risk (TCR) was 8.91 × 10-5). Based on the results of uncertainty analysis, except for the exposure frequency, the total concentrations and DBF of As and Cr in <0.43 μm particle size segment have a greater influence on the uncertainty of probabilistic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jia
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yingze Tian
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Yuqing Dai
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rui Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jingjing Chu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xin Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yinchang Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin, 300350, China
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15
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Mohammadi MJ, Zarea K, Hatamzadeh N, Salahshouri A, Sharhani A. Toxic Air Pollutants and Their Effect on Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:898043. [PMID: 35875044 PMCID: PMC9299435 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.898043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxic air pollutants are one of the main factors that have the effect of synergism to increase the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS). This review aims to investigate the effects of toxic air pollutants on the occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS). A narrative review of the literature was done from 2000 to 2022 based on various databases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed, and Science Direct. In this study, according to the databases, three hundred and sixty articles were retrieved. Of these, 28 studies were screened after review and 14 full-text articles entered into the analysis process. Finally, 9 articles were selected in this study. According to the finding of this study, toxic air pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals (HM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM), and gases are the main agents that cause the development and spread of chronic diseases such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and multiple sclerosis. The result of this study showed that the main sources of emission of toxic air pollutants include industries, cars, power plants, and the excessive consumption of fossil fuels. In general, the inhalation of high concentration of toxic air pollutants can increase the risk of chronic diseases and multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Zarea
- Department of Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasser Hatamzadeh
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arash Salahshouri
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Asaad Sharhani
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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16
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Borsi SH, Goudarzi G, Sarizadeh G, Dastoorpoor M, Geravandi S, Shahriyari HA, Akhlagh Mohammadi Z, Mohammadi MJ. Health Endpoint of Exposure to Criteria Air Pollutants in Ambient Air of on a Populated in Ahvaz City, Iran. Front Public Health 2022; 10:869656. [PMID: 35425736 PMCID: PMC9002232 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.869656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of criteria air pollutants (CAP) in the ambient air of a populated inhalation region is one of the main serious public health concerns. The present study evaluated the number of cardiovascular mortalities (CM), hospital admissions with cardiovascular disease (HACD), and hospital admissions for respiratory disease (HARD) due to CAP exposure between 2010 and 2014. The study used the Air Q model and descriptive analysis to investigate the health endpoint attributed to the ground level of ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfide dioxide (SO2), and particle matter (PM10). Baseline incidence (BI) and relative risk (RR) are the most important factors in the evaluation of health outcomes from exposure to CAP in the ambient air of a populated area according to EPA and the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Our study showed that annual cases of cardiovascular mortality during the period 2010–2014 relating to particle mater were 478, 506, 469, 427, and 371; ozone was 19, 24, 43, 56, and 49; nitrogen dioxide was 18, 20, 23, 27, and 21; and sulfide dioxide was 26, 31, 37, 43 and 11, in the years 2010 to 2014, respectively. These results indicate that the number of hospital admissions for respiratory disease attributed to PM were 2054, 2277, 2675, 2042, and 1895; O3 was 27, 35, 58, 73, and 63; NO2 was 23, 24, 15, 25, and 18; and SO2 was 23, 24, 25, 30, and 20, in the years from 2010 to 2014, respectively. The results also showed that the number of hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease related to particle mater was 560, 586, 529, 503, and 472; ozone was 22, 32, 38, 55, and 51; nitrogen dioxide was 19, 18, 13, 21, and 14; and sulfide dioxide was 12, 14, 16, 22, and 9, in the same period, respectively. Observations showed that most of the pollution was from outdoor air and in the human respiratory tract. Increased levels of sulfide dioxide, particle matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone can cause additional morbidity and mortality for exposed populations. According to the results, it is possible to help increase the level of public health. The use of these findings could also be of great help to health professionals and facilitators at regional and national levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamid Borsi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Environmental Health Engineering and Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sarizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering and Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpoor
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sahar Geravandi
- School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Habib Allah Shahriyari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Akhlagh Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Environmental Health Engineering and Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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17
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Yousefi H, Lak E, Mohammadi MJ, Shahriyari HA. Carcinogenic Risk Assessment among Children and Adult due to Exposure to Toxic Air Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23015-23025. [PMID: 34797534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health endpoint and risk of carcinogenic among people enhancement due to Exposures to toxic air pollutants. The purpose of this study was investigation of a carcinogenic risk assessment among children and adults due to exposure to toxic pollutants. A review study of literature was performed with seven hundred and twenty-six articles were retrieved based on Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer databases. Studies reporting data on predetermined consequences potential toxic air pollutants and related to lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) were used to assess carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. The literature signs a notable undesirable affect from potential toxic air pollutants related to carcinogenic risk assessment among children and adult. Based on Result this study, the toxic air pollutants can endanger health of children and adult exposure to this pollutant and increase lifetime cancer risk number and carcinogenic risk among exposed people. Useful for health policymaker in order to cope with the incidence of cancer among citizenship Can be the main application the results of this study. Increasing the level of public awareness, especially of sensitive groups, about the incidence of cancer and its important factors and reduce exposures to toxic air pollutants are the main vital government actions for decrease the prevalence of cancer. Further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homayon Yousefi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research center, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elena Lak
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health AND Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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18
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Nikfar F, Sabzalipour S, Gholami A, Nazarpour A. Carcinogenic risk assessment, health endpoint and source identification of heavy metals in Mahshahr, Iran. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.2023576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Nikfar
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sima Sabzalipour
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Department of Watershed Management, Shahin Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahin Shahr, Iran
| | - Ahad Nazarpour
- Department of Geology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Bodor K, Szép R, Bodor Z. The human health risk assessment of particulate air pollution (PM2.5 and PM10) in Romania. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:556-562. [PMID: 35386513 PMCID: PMC8978270 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution, especially the concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) is a major issue and is the biggest environmental risk for early death. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the human health risk and to describe the spatial and temporal variation of particulate matter in Romania between 2009 and 2018. The average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter in the eight studied regions varied between 17.01 and 22.91 µg m−3 and 23.02–33.29 µg m−3, while the PM2.5/PM10 ratio varied between 0.52 and 0.76, respectively. The relative risk generated by PM10 in all-cause mortality had a significant variation between the regions, a relative risk of 1.017 in case of Bucharest and1.025 for western regions, with an average of 1.020 ( ± 0.002). According to our observations, a positive relative risk was identified in the case of cardiopulmonary and lung cancer morbidity mainly attributed to PM2.5 exposure, hence the resulted risk for the country average values was 1.26 ( ± 0.023) and 1.42 ( ± 0.037), respectively. The results revealed that the excess risk and attributable fraction for cardiopulmonary mortality can be reduced by 26.7% and 21.0%. Analyzing the evolution of particulate matters and the possible health impacts of PM2.5 and PM10 in all region of Romania a strong positive correlation was observed. Since the distributions of PM in different region had significant variation, more investigation is required to understand and decipher the most important regional emission sources for each region. In order to address this issue an in-depth investigation should separately analyze the regional characteristics of air pollution. PM2.5 and PM10 level were 1.82 and 1.35 times higher than annually acceptable limit. PMs shows a higher concentration in winter and lower concentration in summer. The ratio between the fine and coarse particular matter in Romania was 0.66. The relative risk caused by PM2.5 was higher with one magnitude than the PM10.
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Ma H, Liu F, Yang X, Liu Q, Wang X, Xing X, Lin Z, Cao J, Li J, Huang K, Yan W, Liu T, Fan M, Chen S, Lu X, Gu D, Huang J. Association of short-term fine particulate matter exposure with pulmonary function in populations at intermediate to high-risk of cardiovascular disease: A panel study in three Chinese cities. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112397. [PMID: 34116334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decline in pulmonary function contributes to increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although adverse effects of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on pulmonary function have been recognized in healthy people or patients with respiratory disease, these results were not well illustrated among people with elevated CVD risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS A panel study was conducted in three Chinese cities with three repeated visits among populations at intermediate to high-risk of CVD, defined as treated hypertension patients or those with blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg, who met any of the three conditions including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Individualized PM2.5 exposure and pulmonary function were measured during each seasonal visit. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to analyze the associations of PM2.5 concentrations with pulmonary function indicators, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMF), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). RESULTS Short-term PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with decreased pulmonary function and an increment of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 concentrations during lag 12-24 hour was associated with declines of 41.7 ml/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.7-75.7), 0.35% (95% CI: 0.01, 0.69), and 20.9 ml/s (95% CI: 0.5-41.3) for PEF, FEV1/FVC, and MMF, respectively. Results from stratified and sensitivity analyses were generally similar with the overall findings, while the adverse effects of PM2.5 on pulmonary functions were more pronounced in those who were physically inactive. CONCLUSIONS This study first identified short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with impaired pulmonary function and physical activity might attenuate the adverse effects of PM2.5 among populations at intermediate to high-risk of CVD. These findings provide new robust evidence on health effects of air pollution and call for effective prevention measures among people at CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Xiaolong Xing
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhennan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Keyong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Weili Yan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Meng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China.
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21
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Yuk H, Yang S, Wi S, Kang Y, Kim S. Verification of particle matter generation due to deterioration of building materials as the cause of indoor fine dust. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125920. [PMID: 34492852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Particles of fine dust are pollutants that adversely affect indoor air quality and exacerbate human respiratory diseases. The aging of the building was pointed out as a source of fine dust indoors. The aging of buildings has various causes of deterioration. During various deterioration, friction adversely affects the building floor finish. In this study, an accelerated friction deterioration device was used to confirm the generation of fine dust particles through the frictional deterioration of floor finishes in buildings. The study found that the concentration of fine dust particles attributed to deteriorating flooring was 327 mg/m3 in PM2.5 and 4828 mg/m3 in PM10 and confirmed that particle distribution differs depending on the surface of the flooring. Particles of 10 µm or less were observed through particle analysis. The study confirmed that fine dust particles did not diffuse in a specific direction and that the detected fine dust particles could be attributed to deterioration. Further research is needed on the detection of fine dust in degraded building finishing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonseong Yuk
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoong Yang
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Wi
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kang
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Wang F, Wang X. Associations between PM2.5 exposure duration and physical activity intensity on the health of hypertension in urban residents of Beijing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:29742-29754. [PMID: 33569688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is reported to be associated with air pollution and physical activity (PA), and they have different or even conflicting effects on blood pressure (BP). The study evaluated the combined effects of PM2.5 exposure duration and physical activity intensity on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of hypertension. A total of 2613 patients (≥18-year-olds) at baseline who attended surveys from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2011-2015) in Beijing were selected, as well as the PM2.5 data collected in the same period. The mixed linear effects model and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to explore the multiple effects of PM2.5 exposure duration and PA intensity on SBP and DBP, respectively. The correlation results indicated PM2.5 exposure duration (>15 days) occurred more significant correlations with DBP and longer PM2.5 exposures duration (>60 day) with SBP. The mixed linear effects model showed the important random terms of gender, PA levels, and BMI classification for both SBP and DBP. It also indicated the significant fixed effect from age for both SBP and DBP, and the significant fixed effects from PM2.5 and weight, as well as the interaction in DBP. The random effects of PA levels put effects on different weight people for SBP and on different age people for DBP, while the person of SBP exposed to PM2.5 environments may tend to be affected by BMI classification. The model's main effects showed PA and the interaction with gender could put significant effects on BP. The gender effects and the PA level effects were also improved by the MANOVA results. We concluded that the more PM2.5 exposure duration may lead to more significant correlation with higher BP values. The PA levels could lead to the different effects on the health showing the variations in age, gender, and BMI classification. For SBP of people who are exposed to PM2.5 environments, it may tend to be affected by BMI classification, which also may influence the DBP through weight adjusting first and then cause hypertension. The gender difference of BP may be affected by PA showing the higher PA level and the more gender difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Sports Science Institute, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
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23
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Tahery N, Geravandi S, Goudarzi G, Shahriyari HA, Jalali S, Mohammadi MJ. Estimation of PM 10 pollutant and its effect on total mortality (TM), hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases (HACD), and respiratory disease (HARD) outcome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22123-22130. [PMID: 33411285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dust storms not only affect the quality of life but also pose a serious health and social problem. The main source dust events include central and west Asia, the Taklimakan desert, and Middle East, carrying out high volume of particulate matter, which increased the level of PM10 as representative of dust storm. The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of mortality (TM), hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases (HACD) and respiratory diseases (HARD) among the people of Bishkek and Ahvaz. Data validation was performed using the WHO criteria. The average time PM10 in outdoor air was calculated, and its health effects were obtained by entering its annual data and population at risk, baseline incidence (BI), and relative risk index (RR) for IHD outcomes. In our study, AirQ software was used. The number of excess cases in Bishkek and Ahvaz for total mortality and cardiovascular mortality was 63 and 758 and 35 and 478 persons while for HARD and HACD was 84 and 2054 and 33 and 560 persons, respectively. The survey requires the need to enact and enforce permissible PM10 levels/standards due to dust storms to reduce the health effect on humans by relevant environmental authorities both at federal and state levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorollah Tahery
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Saeid Jalali
- School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health AND Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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24
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Particle Size Analysis of African Dust Haze over the Last 20 Years: A Focus on the Extreme Event of June 2020. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12040502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, the impact of mineral dust from African deserts on human health and climate has been of great interest to the scientific community. In this paper, the climatological analysis of dusty events of the past 20 years in the Caribbean area has been performed using a particulate approach. The focus is made on June 2020 extreme event dubbed “Godzilla”. To carry out this study, different types of data were used (ground-based, satellites, model, and soundings) on several sites in the Caribbean islands. First, the magnitude of June 2020 event was clearly highlighted using satellite imagery. During the peak of this event, the value of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μμm (PM10) reached a value 9 times greater than the threshold recommended by the World Health Organization in one day. Thereafter, the PM10, the aerosol optical depth, and the volume particle size distribution analyses exhibited their maximum values for June 2020. We also highlighted the exceptional characteristics of the Saharan air layer in terms of thickness and wind speed for this period. Finally, our results showed that the more the proportion of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μμm (PM2.5) in PM10 increases, the more the influence of sea salt aerosols is significant.
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25
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Shahriyari HA, Nikmanesh Y, Jalali S, Tahery N, Zhiani Fard A, Hatamzadeh N, Zarea K, Cheraghi M, Mohammadi MJ. Air pollution and human health risks: mechanisms and clinical manifestations of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1887261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yousef Nikmanesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Jalali
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Noorollah Tahery
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Akram Zhiani Fard
- Instructor Medical Education, Department of Public Health, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
| | - Nasser Hatamzadeh
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Zarea
- Department of Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maria Cheraghi
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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26
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Tan X, Han L, Zhang X, Zhou W, Li W, Qian Y. A review of current air quality indexes and improvements under the multi-contaminant air pollution exposure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111681. [PMID: 33321353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The air quality is one of the major concerns in the urban environment due to the rapid changes in pollutant emissions driven by complex and intensive human activities. Therefore, quantification of the urban air quality has become an essential need for both urban residents and authorities to quickly assess air quality conditions. To reach this aim, the air quality index (AQI) is the primary way to better understand the urban air quality. However, the varied AQIs in different countries are difficult to directly compare due to the varied calculation methods. Thus, this research presents an updated review of the major AQIs worldwide by dividing them into two categories: single- and multi-contaminant-oriented AQIs. Single-contaminant-oriented AQIs are based on the maximum value of individual pollutants and are applied in most countries with location-dependent standards, such as the United States, China, the United Kingdom and New South Wales, Australia. However, these may greatly underestimate the impact of multiple contaminants, be difficult to dynamically update or to be compared internationally. Moreover, multi-contaminant-oriented AQIs are available in the literature, which consider the combined effects of exposure to multiple contaminants. Among these AQIs, arithmetic pollutant aggregation simply integrates pollutants in a linear or nonlinear way, and weighted pollutant aggregation further assigns varied weights from different perspectives. Combining the advantages and disadvantages of the existing AQIs, the general air quality health index (GAQHI) is proposed as a pollutant-aggregated, local health-based AQI paradigm suitable for the present complex multi-contaminant situation. It provides a direction for the construction of a more accurate, consistent and comparable AQI system and can help both researchers and governments improve human well-being and achieve sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lijian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Shanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Beijing Urban Ecosystem Research Station, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Weifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yuguo Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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27
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Zhao N, Zhao M, Liu W, Jin H. Atmospheric particulate represents a source of C 8-C 12 perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and 10:2 fluorotelomer alcohol in tree bark. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116475. [PMID: 33465649 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed 30 legacy and emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in paired atmospheric particulate and bark samples collected around a Chinese fluorochemical manufacturing park (FMP), with the aim to explore the sources of PFASs in tree bark. The results showed that PFASs in atmospheric particulate and tree bark samples were consistently dominated by perfluorooctanoate (mean 73 ng/g; 44 pg/m3), perfluorohexanoate (47 ng/g; 36 pg/m3), perfluorononanoate (9.1 ng/g; 8.8 pg/m3), and 10:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (10:2 FTOH; 5.6 ng/g; 12 pg/m3). Spatially, concentrations of C8-C12 perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) and 10:2 FTOH all showed a similar and exponentially decreased trend in both bark and atmospheric particulate samples with the increasing distance from the FMP. For the first time, we observed strongly significant (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.53-0.79, p < 0.01) correlations between bark and atmospheric particulate concentrations for C8-C12 PFCAs and 10:2 FTOH over 1-2 orders of magnitude, suggesting that the continues trapping of atmospheric particulates resulted in the accumulation of these compounds in bark. Overall, this study provides the first evidence that atmospheric particulate is an obvious source of C8-C12 PFCAs and 10:2 FTOH in tree bark. This result may further contribute to the application of tree bark as an indicator of certain PFASs in atmospheric particulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China.
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28
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Zallaghi E, Goudarzi G, Sabzalipour S, Zarasvandi A. Effects of long-term exposure to PM 2.5 on years of life lost and expected life remaining in Ahvaz city, Iran (2008-2017). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:280-286. [PMID: 32812156 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution is one of the most significant environmental problems, and many individuals around the world die each year prematurely from diseases caused by this type of pollution. PM2.5 can transpire deep to the lungs and induce some dangerous health effects in humans. In this study, the health effects of long-term PM2.5 were estimated on expected life remaining (ELR) and years of life lost (YLL) indices in Ahvaz city during the years 2008-2017 using the AirQ+ software developed by WHO. Values obtained from the PM2.5 averaging, ELR, and YLL data were processed for the whole population in the age range of 0-64 and over 64. These values were entered into AirQ+ software. The mean annual concentration of PM2.5 was highly variable, with the highest concentration being 70.72 μg/m3 in 2010 and the lowest 41.97 μg/m3 in 2014. In all studied years, the concentration of PM2.5 with the variations between 4.2 to 7.07 times was higher than the WHO standard (10 μg/m3). Ahvaz city also did not experience any clean day during the 10-year period, and in 2010, there were 47 very unhealthy days and 27 dangerous days, i.e., the highest number of very unhealthy and dangerous days during the period. The results estimated that the highest and lowest YLL in the next 10 years for all ages groups would be 137,760.49 (2010) and 5035.52 (2014), respectively. Also, the ELR index was lower than the Iranian standard and EPA which was significantly correlated with the concentration of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Zallaghi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sima Sabzalipour
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Zarasvandi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Geology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
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29
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Mishra R, Krishnamoorthy P, Gangamma S, Raut AA, Kumar H. Particulate matter (PM 10) enhances RNA virus infection through modulation of innate immune responses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115148. [PMID: 32771845 PMCID: PMC7357538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sensing of pathogens by specialized receptors is the hallmark of the innate immunity. Innate immune response also mounts a defense response against various allergens and pollutants including particulate matter present in the atmosphere. Air pollution has been included as the top threat to global health declared by WHO which aims to cover more than three billion people against health emergencies from 2019 to 2023. Particulate matter (PM), one of the major components of air pollution, is a significant risk factor for many human diseases and its adverse effects include morbidity and premature deaths throughout the world. Several clinical and epidemiological studies have identified a key link between the PM existence and the prevalence of respiratory and inflammatory disorders. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. Here, we investigated the influence of air pollutant, PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) during RNA virus infections using Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) - H5N1 virus. We thus characterized the transcriptomic profile of lung epithelial cell line, A549 treated with PM10 prior to H5N1infection, which is known to cause severe lung damage and respiratory disease. We found that PM10 enhances vulnerability (by cellular damage) and regulates virus infectivity to enhance overall pathogenic burden in the lung cells. Additionally, the transcriptomic profile highlights the connection of host factors related to various metabolic pathways and immune responses which were dysregulated during virus infection. Collectively, our findings suggest a strong link between the prevalence of respiratory illness and its association with the air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mishra
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Pandikannan Krishnamoorthy
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - S Gangamma
- National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Mangaluru, 575025, Karnataka, India; Centre for Water Food and Environment, IIT Ropar, Rupnagar, 140001, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwin Ashok Raut
- Pathogenomics Laboratory, ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Bhopal, 462021, MP, India
| | - Himanshu Kumar
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India; WPI Immunology, Frontier Research Centre, Osaka University, Osaka, 5650871, Japan.
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30
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Sarizadeh G, Jaafarzadeh N, Roozbehani MM, Tahmasebi Y, Moattar F. Relationship between the number of hospitalized cardiovascular and respiratory disease and the average concentration of criteria air pollutants (CAP) in Ahvaz. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:3317-3331. [PMID: 32367271 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between the number of hospitalized cardiovascular and respiratory patients and the average concentration of criteria air pollutants, including NO2, SO2, CO, O3 and PM10 in Ahvaz in the period of 10 years (2007-2017). Data on referrals and the number of hospitalized cardiovascular and respiratory patients and also on air pollutants are obtained through Hospital Information System and air quality monitoring stations including Department of Environment Protection Station, Naderi Square Station, University Square Station and the Meteorological Organization Station. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 4 and Poisson distribution regression model to evaluate the effects of each pollutant and the rate of hospitalization. In this study, confidence interval and the significance level are considered at 95% and 5%, respectively. Changes in air pollution indices and number of patients with cardiovascular diseases were evaluated using Excel, Stata and ARIMA models. Based on the results of Poisson regression analysis, there was a significant relationship between the average concentration of NO2, O3, CO and SO2 and hospitalization of patients with cardiovascular disease, with a confidence level of less than 5%. This was the case with NO2 more than other pollutants. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between the average concentrations of NO2, CO and O3 and the hospitalization rate of patients with respiratory problems and a confidence level of 5%. The effect of NO2 was also higher here. Due to the results, NO2, CO, and O3 had a significant direct correlation with cardiovascular and respiratory rates. The effect of NO2 has been higher than other pollutants. In the study of time intervals of patients with cardiovascular, the results of time-interval analysis indicate the relationship between cardiovascular clients with the "t" time of 7 days earlier and NO2 as a pollutant. The results of this analysis also revealed the relationship between respiratory patients at the time "t" up to 7 days before and O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Sarizadeh
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Tahmasebi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Faramarz Moattar
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
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31
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Fouladi M, Mohammadi Rouzbahani M, Attar Roshan S, Sabz Alipour S. Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in common cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) emphasis on environmental pollution. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1818106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Fouladi
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Attar Roshan
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sima Sabz Alipour
- Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Guo Y, Gao CX, Dennekamp M, Dimitriadis C, Straney L, Ikin J, Abramson MJ. The association of coal mine fire smoke with hospital emergency presentations and admissions: Time series analysis of Hazelwood Health Study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126667. [PMID: 32278916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the change in rates of hospital emergency presentations or hospital admissions during the coal mine fire, and their associations with the coal mine fire-related fine particles (PM2.5). METHODS Daily data on hospital emergency presentations and admissions were collected from the Department of Health and Human Services for the period January 01, 2009 to June 30, 2015, at Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2). The coal mine fire-related PM2.5 concentrations were modelled by the Chemical Transport Model coupled with the Cubic Conformal Atmospheric Model. A generalised additive mixed model was used to estimate the change in rates of hospital emergency presentations and hospital admissions during the coal mine fire period, and to examine their associations with PM2.5 concentrations for smoke impacted areas, after controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS Compared with non-fire periods, we found increased risks of all-causes, respiratory diseases, and asthma related emergency presentations and hospital admissions as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) related emergency presentations during the fire period. Associations between daily concentrations of coal mine fire-related PM2.5 and emergency presentations for all-causes and respiratory diseases, including COPD and asthma, appeared after two days' exposure. Associations with hospital admissions for cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases appeared on the same day of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Coal mine fire smoke created a substantial health burden. People with respiratory diseases should receive targeted messages, follow self-management plans and take preventive medication during future coal mine fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Caroline X Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martine Dennekamp
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christina Dimitriadis
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lahn Straney
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jillian Ikin
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Zallaghi E, Goudarzi G, Sabzalipour S, Zarasvandi A. Estimation of PM2.5 pollutant time changes and its effect on ischemic heart disease (IHD) outcome in Ahvaz city, Iran (2008–2017). TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1790605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Zallaghi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sima Sabzalipour
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Zarasvandi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Geology and Dust Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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34
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Zhang YF, Shan C, Wang Y, Qian LL, Jia DD, Zhang YF, Hao XD, Xu HM. Cardiovascular toxicity and mechanism of bisphenol A and emerging risk of bisphenol S. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137952. [PMID: 32213405 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that increased exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) induces various human cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, dilated cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Bisphenol S (BPS), an alternative to BPA, is increasingly present in various consumer products and human bodies worldwide. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that BPS might be related to cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we present striking evidence of the correlation between BPA exposure and various CVDs, and show that a nonmonotonic dose-response curve (NMDRC) was common in studies of the CV effects of BPA in vivo. The CV impairment induced by low doses of BPA should be highlighted, especially during developmental exposure or during coexposure with other risk factors. Furthermore, we explored the possible underlying mechanisms of these effects-particularly nuclear receptor signaling, ion channels, and epigenetic mechanisms-and the possible participation of lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and cell signaling. As the potential risks of BPA exposure in humans are still noteworthy, studies of BPA in CVDs should be strengthened, especially with respect to the mechanisms, prevention and treatment. Moreover, the potential CV risk of BPS reported by in vivo studies calls for immediate epidemiological investigations and animal studies to reveal the relationships of BPS and other BPA alternatives with human CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Feng Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Chan Shan
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Li-Li Qian
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Dong-Dong Jia
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yi-Fei Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Hao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Hai-Ming Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
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Air Microbiome and Pollution: Composition and Potential Effects on Human Health, Including SARS Coronavirus Infection. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 2020:1646943. [PMID: 32565838 PMCID: PMC7256708 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1646943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polluted air poses a significant threat to human health. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) and harmful gases contributes to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, including allergies and obstructive lung disease. Air pollution may also be linked to cancer and reduced life expectancy. Uptake of PM has been shown to cause pathological changes in the intestinal microbiota in mice and humans. Less is known about the effects of pollution-associated microbiota on human health. Several recent studies described the microbiomes of urban and rural air samples, of the stratosphere and sand particles, which can be transported over long distances, as well as the air of indoor environments. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on airborne bacterial, viral, and fungal communities and discuss their potential consequences on human health. The current data suggest that bacterial pathogens are typically too sparse and short-lived in air to pose a significant risk for infecting healthy people. However, airborne fungal spores may exacerbate allergies and asthma. Little information is available on viruses including phages, and future studies are likely to detect known and novel viruses with a yet unknown impact on human health. Furthermore, varying experimental protocols have been employed in the recent microbiome and virome studies. Therefore, standardized methodologies will be required to allow for better comparisons between studies. Air pollution has been linked to more severe outcomes of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infections. This may have contributed to severe SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, especially those in China, Northern Italy, Iran, and New York City.
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36
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Tusher TR, Sarker ME, Nasrin S, Kormoker T, Proshad R, Islam MS, Mamun SA, Tareq ARM. Contamination of toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rooftop vegetables and human health risks in Bangladesh. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1767650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Roy Tusher
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Md. Eusuf Sarker
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Sumaya Nasrin
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shamim Al Mamun
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
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Naghizadeh A, Sharifzadeh G, Tabatabaei F, Afzali A, Yari AR, Geravandi S, Mohammadi MJ. Assessment of carbon monoxide concentration in indoor/outdoor air of Sarayan city, Khorasan Province of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:1875-1880. [PMID: 30859418 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, air pollution by humans is considered a serious problem. One of the main sources of air pollution is carbon monoxide which is called the silent killer. With the increasing rate of population growth in Iran and subsequent acceleration of vehicle and fossil fuel usage, the mortality rate of carbon monoxide has increased. The aim of this study is assessment of the concentration of carbon monoxide in indoor and outdoor air of Sarayan city, Khorasan Province of Iran. In this descriptive-analytic study, the air condition of a residential area and outdoor environment of Sarayan city has been monitored for determining the carbon monoxide concentration during a 3-month period from January to March 2017. Overall, 25 stations with uniform distribution were located in the city. Fifty samples were taken monthly and by considering 3-month period, a total of 150 samples were gathered. The samples were taken in kitchens between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., and by considering the respiratory height of the human body, the carbon monoxide meters (TES model, Taiwan) were placed at a height of 75-150 cm. The descriptive statistics were presented after entering data into SPSS-16, and, by applying Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests in the case of α = 0.05, the data were analyzed. The average concentrations of carbon monoxide in indoor and outdoor environments were 0.84 ± 3.21 ppm and 0.27 ± 0.92 ppm, respectively. The maximum carbon monoxide concentration in February in an outdoor environment was 6 ppm (station no. 4) and the least one was 0 ppm. In March, for an indoor area, the maximum carbon monoxide concentration was 41 pm for station no. 11. The indoor-to-outdoor (I-to-O) ratio in March was higher than other months, and in January, was less than others. The study reveals that the indoor and outdoor carbon monoxide indices of Sarayan city are at acceptable levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sharifzadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Afzali
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Yari
- Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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38
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Khaniabadi YO, Sicard P, Takdastan A, Hopke PK, Taiwo AM, Khaniabadi FO, De Marco A, Daryanoosh M. Mortality and morbidity due to ambient air pollution in Iran. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Goudarzi G, Alavi N, Geravandi S, Yari AR, Aslanpour Alamdari F, Dobaradaran S, Farhadi M, Biglari H, Dastoorpour M, Hashemzadeh B, Mohammadi MJ. Ambient particulate matter concentration levels of Ahvaz, Iran, in 2017. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:841-849. [PMID: 30191444 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dust storm in Khuzestan region is strongly influenced by transportation and influx of large amount of particulate matter from internal sources (Hawizeh Marshes and East Ahwaz) and external sources (the Arabian Desert in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria and the Sahara Desert). Particulate matter is one of the main components of indoor and outdoor air quality that can be very dangerous for human. The principal objective of this study was the pinpoint of the source of airborne particulate matter by the NOAA HYSPLIT model in Ahvaz City, southwest of Iran. The investigation of dust storm and their origin was performed by the GFSG Meteorological Data (backward trajectories ending analysis of the NOAA HYSPLIT model) and collecting particulate samples with high-volume air samplers during the fall and winter seasons. The results showed the average ambient particulate matter concentration in the cold and warm seasons was 158 and 161 µg/m3, respectively. Moreover, the average particulate matter concentration in the cold season was significantly higher than the standard level as presented in the National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Consequently, it seems essential to develop green space, decrease particulate emission from source and make determined efforts to control dust at governmental and international scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nadali Alavi
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Reza Yari
- Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Majid Farhadi
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Biglari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpour
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Dastoorpoor M, Sekhavatpour Z, Masoumi K, Mohammadi MJ, Aghababaeian H, Khanjani N, Hashemzadeh B, Vahedian M. Air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in Ahvaz, Iran. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 652:1318-1330. [PMID: 30586817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the relation between air pollution and cardiovascular hospital admissions in Ahwaz, Iran. Daily information about cardiovascular hospital admissions (based on the ICD-10) and data on air pollutants during 2008-2018 were inquired. A quasi-Poisson regression combined with linear distributed lag models; adjusted for trend, seasonality, temperature, relative humidity, weekdays and holidays was used to assess the relation between hospital admission for cardiovascular diseases and the average daily air pollution. The results of this study showed a significant increase in cardiovascular hospital admissions in the total population and women's population in relation to O3. There was a significant increase in hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in the whole population as well as gender and age groups associated with NO2 and NO. A significant increase was found in hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in relation to CO in the 65-74-year-old population. Finally, the results of this study showed that there was a significant increase in hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease associated with SO2. The main results of the present study confirm the deleterious short term impact of air pollution on cardiovascular morbidity in Ahvaz city. This evidence empasizes the need to implement policies for reducing air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dastoorpoor
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sekhavatpour
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Paramedicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Kambiz Masoumi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Khomeini General Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | | | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Vahedian
- Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
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Idani E, Geravandi S, Akhzari M, Goudarzi G, Alavi N, Yari AR, Mehrpour M, Khavasi M, Bahmaei J, Bostan H, Dobaradaran S, Salmanzadeh S, Mohammadi MJ. Characteristics, sources, and health risks of atmospheric PM10-bound heavy metals in a populated middle eastern city. TOXIN REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2018.1513034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Idani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Akhzari
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nadali Alavi
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Yari
- Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Manizheh Mehrpour
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Shokrolah Salmanzadeh
- Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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