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Han LS, Wijayawardene NN, Liu C, Han LH, Promputtha I, Li Q, Elgorban AM, Al-Rejaie S, Tanaka K, Dai DQ. Paramphibambusabambusicola gen. et. sp. nov., Arecophilaxishuangbannaensis and A.zhaotongensis spp. nov. in Cainiaceae from Yunnan, China. MycoKeys 2024; 104:113-132. [PMID: 38665974 PMCID: PMC11040201 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.104.117872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Morphological comparisons and multi locus phylogenetic analyses (base on the combined genes of ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub) demonstrated that three new saprobic taxa isolated from bamboo belong to Cainiaceae. These taxa comprise a novel genus Paramphibambusa (P.bambusicolasp. nov.) and two new species, Arecophilaxishuangbannaensis and A.zhaotongensis. The three new taxa belong to Cainiaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes) a poorly studied family, which now comprises eight genera. Paramphibambusa can be distinguished from other Cainiaceae genera in having ascomata with a neck and ascospores lacking longitudinal striation, germ slits or germ pores. The two new Arecophila species clustered in a clade with Arecophila sp. and A.bambusae. Detailed morphological descriptions, illustrations, and an updated phylogenetic tree are provided for the new taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Su Han
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
| | - Nalin N. Wijayawardene
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
- Tropical Microbiology Research Foundation, 96/N/10, Meemanagoda Road, 10230 Pannipitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Chao Liu
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
| | - Li-Hong Han
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Qiang Li
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazuaki Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dong-Qin Dai
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
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Poma-Angamarca RA, Rojas JR, Sánchez-Rodríguez A, Ruiz-González MX. Diversity of Leaf Fungal Endophytes from Two Coffea arabica Varieties and Antagonism towards Coffee Leaf Rust. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:814. [PMID: 38592839 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Coffee has immense value as a worldwide-appreciated commodity. However, its production faces the effects of climate change and the spread of severe diseases such as coffee leaf rust (CLR). The exploration of fungal endophytes associated with Coffea sp. has already found the existence of nearly 600 fungal species, but their role in the plants remains practically unknown. We have researched the diversity of leaf fungal endophytes in two Coffea arabica varieties: one susceptible and one resistant to CLR. Then, we conducted cross-infection essays with four common endophyte species (three Colletotrichum sp. and Xylaria sp. 1) and Hemileia vastatrix (CLR) in leaf discs, to investigate the interaction of the endophytes on CLR colonisation success and severity of infection. Two Colletotrichum sp., when inoculated 72 h before H. vastatrix, prevented the colonisation of the leaf disc by the latter. Moreover, the presence of endophytes prior to the arrival of H. vastatrix ameliorated the severity of CLR. Our work highlights both the importance of characterising the hidden biodiversity of endophytes and investigating their potential roles in the plant-endophyte interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A Poma-Angamarca
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Jacqueline R Rojas
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Aminael Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Mario X Ruiz-González
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
- SENESCYT is the Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación from the Government of Ecuador, Proyecto Prometeo SENESCYT, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
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Zhu AH, Song ZK, Wang JF, Guan HW, Ma HX. Multi-Locus Phylogeny and Morphology Reveal Two New Species of Hypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) from Motuo, China. Microorganisms 2023; 12:72. [PMID: 38257899 PMCID: PMC10819716 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxylaceous fungi are abundant in China, but their discovery and report are uneven in various provinces, with more fungi in Yunnan and Hainan and fewer fungi in Tibet. During the investigation of macro-fungi in Motuo county, Tibet Autonomous Region, we collected a number of xylarialean specimens. Six hypoxylaceous specimens growing on dead angiosperm were collected from the forests of Motuo county, and they were described and illustrated as two new species in Hypoxylon based on a combination of morphological characters and molecular evidence. Hypoxylon diperithecium was characterized by its bistratal perithecia, purple-brown stromatal granules, citrine to rust KOH-extractable pigments, and light brown to brown ascospores ellipsoid-inequilateral with conspicuous coil-like ornamentation. Hypoxylon tibeticum was distinct from other species by having pulvinate and applanate stromata, surface vinaceous, with orange granules, orange KOH-extractable pigments, and brown ascospores with inconspicuous ornamentation. The multi-gene phylogenetic analyses (ITS-LSU-RPB2-TUB) supported the two new taxa as separate lineages in the genus Hypoxylon. A key to all known Hypoxylon taxa from China is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Hong Zhu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China; (A.-H.Z.); (Z.-K.S.); (J.-F.W.); (H.-W.G.)
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zi-Kun Song
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China; (A.-H.Z.); (Z.-K.S.); (J.-F.W.); (H.-W.G.)
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun-Fang Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China; (A.-H.Z.); (Z.-K.S.); (J.-F.W.); (H.-W.G.)
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hao-Wen Guan
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China; (A.-H.Z.); (Z.-K.S.); (J.-F.W.); (H.-W.G.)
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hai-Xia Ma
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China; (A.-H.Z.); (Z.-K.S.); (J.-F.W.); (H.-W.G.)
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Haikou 571101, China
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Puig AS. Fungal Pathogens of Cacao in Puerto Rico. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3855. [PMID: 38005752 PMCID: PMC10675365 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cacao production is a rapidly expanding industry in Puerto Rico, with new farmers planting ~20,000 trees in the past few years. To determine the etiology and extent of diseases affecting cacao in Puerto Rico, a survey was performed at eight sites around the island. Pod rot and/or branch dieback were observed at all sites. Most organisms isolated from symptomatic pod and stem samples were identified as Diaporthe spp. (48%) and Lasiodiplodia spp. (25%) based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions. Within these genera, Diaporthe tulliensis and Lasiodiplodia theobromae were the most prevalent species and were used in inoculation studies to determine their relative virulence on pods and stems. Phytophthora palmivora served as a positive control due to its well-established pathogenicity in all tissues. On pods, L. theobromae and P. palmivora caused significantly larger lesions (6.1 and 5.9 cm, respectively) than D. tulliensis (2.7 cm) four days post-inoculation. All three species caused disease on stems, with no differences found among species. Although P. palmivora was thought to be the primary pathogen affecting cacao in Puerto Rico, this study identifies L. theobromae and D. tulliensis as the common pathogens on the island. This improved understanding will help scientists and farmers control disease by selecting fungicides effective against both oomycetes and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sandra Puig
- Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
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Ju YM, Hsieh HM, Suwannasai N. Xylaria furcata reconsidered and nine resembling species. Bot Stud 2023; 64:21. [PMID: 37458873 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xylaria collections from termite nests with dichotomously branched stromata have been identified as X. furcata. However, Léveillé's original material is no longer available, and the modern interpretation of X. furcata is based on a 1908 collection made by von Höhnel from termite nests at Buitenzorg Botanical Garden in Java. A packet of this von Höhnel material at FH was designated as the neotype by Rogers et al. in 2005. RESULTS We reexamined the neotype from FH and its duplicates from various herbaria and found that three different species were mixed in these specimens. Despite that all of them have dichotomously branched stromata and tiny ascospores, only one fits the 2005 neotypification of X. furcata, where exposed perithecial mounds on the stromatal surface were unambiguously indicated. This portion of material is redesignated as the neotype, while the other two species with immersed perithecia are described as new: X. hoehnelii and X. robustifurcata. The ITS sequence obtained from the neotype helped us designate a specimen with cultures obtained from it as the epitype. From specimens identifiable as X. furcata, we describe four new species: X. brevifurcata, X. furcatula, X. insignifurcata, and X. tenellifurcata. Additionally, we recognize X. furcata var. hirsuta at the species level as X. hirsuta and consider X. scoparia a distinct species rather than a synonym of X. furcata. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three protein-coding loci showed that X. furcata and resembling species were grouped into two clusters: the X. furcata cluster with half-exposed to fully exposed perithecial mounds and the X. hoehnelii cluster with largely immersed perithecial mounds. CONCLUSION Ten species are recognized for X. furcata and resembling species, all of which could have been identified as X. furcata in the past. Its diversity has been overlooked primarily due to the small and similar stromata. Several additional species have been confirmed to be related to X. furcata by DNA sequences but are yet to be described due to the lack of mature stromata. While the species diversity of macrotermitine termites is equally high in Africa as in Asia, all of the species are primarily found in Asia, with X. hirsuta as the only exception. This suggests that there may be many more undiscovered species for this fungal group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Ju
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Mei Hsieh
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Nuttika Suwannasai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wathana, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
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Angelova G, Stefanova P, Brazkova M, Krastanov A. Molecular and morphological characterization of Xylaria karsticola (Ascomycota) isolated from the fruiting body of Macrolepiota procera (Basidiomycota) from Bulgaria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287679. [PMID: 37384635 PMCID: PMC10309620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study is the first to report Xylaria karsticola isolated from the basidiocarp of Macrolepiota procera (Basidiomycota), from Stara Planina Mountain, Bulgaria and second report for such species found in Europe. The fungal isolate was in vitro cultivated and the morphology was observed. It was primarily determined as a xylariaceous morphotype at the intragenus level, based on the evaluation of colony growth rate, color, and stromatic structure formation and was confirmed by unique conidiophores and conidia. The molecular identification of the isolate was performed by amplification of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and the strain was identified as Xylaria karsticola with 97.57% of confidence. The obtained sequence was deposited in the GenBank database under the accession number MW996752 and in the National Bank of Industrial Microorganisms and Cell Cultures of Bulgaria under accession number NBIMCC 9097. The phylogenetic analysis of the isolate was also conducted by including 26 sequences obtained from different Xylaria isolates. Considering the phylogenetic data, X. karsticola NBIMCC 9097 was grouped along with other X. karsticola isolates, although the DNA sequence of the novel X. karsticola was rather distantly related to the other X. karsticola sequence data. The results were supported by the bootstrap analysis (100%) and indicated the different origin of the examined X. karsticola NBIMCC 9097.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galena Angelova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Petya Stefanova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Mariya Brazkova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Albert Krastanov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Suwannasai N, Sangvichien E, Phosri C, McCloskey S, Wangsawat N, Thamvithayakorn P, Ruchikachorn N, Thienhirun S, Mekkamol S, Sihanonth P, Whalley MA, Whalley AJS. Exploring the Xylariaceae and its relatives. Bot Stud 2023; 64:15. [PMID: 37382773 PMCID: PMC10310687 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The Xylariaceae and its relatives rank as one of the best-known members of the Ascomycota. They are now well recognized for their diversity, global distribution, ecological activities and their outstanding novel metabolites with wide ranging bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttika Suwannasai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wattana District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Ek Sangvichien
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Hua Mark Bangkapi, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Cherdchai Phosri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, 48000, Thailand
| | - Sirirath McCloskey
- National Products Research Unit, Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Niwana Wangsawat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wattana District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
- Food Research Unit, CPF Food Research and Development Center, 359 Moo 4 Wang Noi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, 13170, Thailand
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Bangkok, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Pisit Thamvithayakorn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wattana District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Nutthaporn Ruchikachorn
- The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), 924 Sukhumvit Road, Phra Khanong Subdistrict, Klong Toei District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Surang Thienhirun
- Department of Royal Forest, Forest Products Research Division, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Sureewan Mekkamol
- Plant Protection Program, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, 63 Sansai-Phrao Road, Nongharn, Sansai District, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Prakitsin Sihanonth
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Margaret A Whalley
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Anthony J S Whalley
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
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Wu MD, Cheng MJ, Hsieh SY, Chen CY, Khamthong N, Leu JY, Chen JJ. Secondary Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Nigrospora sp., Derived from the Medicinal Plant Sacciolepis indica. Chem Nat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-023-03971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Wongkanoun S, Chainuwong B, Kobmoo N, Roytrakul S, Somrithipol S, Luangsa-Ard J, Charria-Girón E, Srikitikulchai P, Stadler M. Studies on the Genus Pyrenopolyporus (Hypoxylaceae) in Thailand Using a Polyphasic Taxonomic Approach. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040429. [PMID: 37108884 PMCID: PMC10145029 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, hypoxylaceous specimens were collected from several sites in Thailand. In this study, we examined their affinity to the genus Pyrenopolyporus using macroscopic and microscopic morphological characters, dereplication of their stromatal secondary metabolites using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and ion mobility tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-IM-MS/MS), and molecular phylogenetic analyses. We describe and illustrate five novel species and a new record for the country, present multi-locus phylogenetic analyses that show the distinction between the proposed species, and provide proteomic profiles of the fungi using matrix associated laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) for the first time. Based on our findings, this strategy is useful as a complementary tool to distinguish species between Daldinia and Pyrenopolyporus in a consistent way with the phylogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarunyou Wongkanoun
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Boonchuai Chainuwong
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Noppol Kobmoo
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology (IFPT), Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sayanh Somrithipol
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jennifer Luangsa-Ard
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Esteban Charria-Girón
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), and German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Prasert Srikitikulchai
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), and German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Cedeño-Sanchez M, Charria-Girón E, Lambert C, Luangsa-ard JJ, Decock C, Franke R, Brönstrup M, Stadler M. Segregation of the genus Parahypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) from Hypoxylon by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. MycoKeys 2023; 95:131-162. [DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.95.98125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During a mycological survey of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a fungal specimen that morphologically resembled the American species Hypoxylon papillatum was encountered. A polyphasic approach including morphological and chemotaxonomic together with a multigene phylogenetic study (ITS, LSU, tub2, and rpb2) of Hypoxylon spp. and representatives of related genera revealed that this strain represents a new species of the Hypoxylaceae. However, the multi-locus phylogenetic inference indicated that the new fungus clustered with H. papillatum in a separate clade from the other species of Hypoxylon. Studies by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and ion mobility tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-IM-MS/MS) were carried out on the stromatal extracts. In particular, the MS/MS spectra of the major stromatal metabolites of these species indicated the production of hitherto unreported azaphilone pigments with a similar core scaffold to the cohaerin-type metabolites, which are exclusively found in the Hypoxylaceae. Based on these results, the new genus Parahypoxylon is introduced herein. Aside from P. papillatum, the genus also includes P. ruwenzoriensesp. nov., which clustered together with the type species within a basal clade of the Hypoxylaceae together with its sister genus Durotheca.
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Yang EF, Karunarathna SC, Dai DQ, Stephenson SL, Elgorban AM, Al-Rejaie S, Xiong YR, Promputtha I, Samarakoon MC, Tibpromma S. Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Fungi Associated with Mangifera indica from Yunnan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1249. [PMID: 36547582 PMCID: PMC9780836 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During investigations of saprobic fungi associated with mango (Mangifera indica) in Baoshan and Honghe of Yunnan Province (China), fungal taxa belonging to the orders Botryosphaeriales, Calosphaeriales, Chaetothyriales, Diaporthales, and Xylariales were recorded. Morphological examinations coupled with phylogenetic analyses of multigene sequences (ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, rpb1, rpb2, β-tubulin and CAL) were used to identify the fungal taxa. A new genus viz. Mangifericola, four new species viz. Cyphellophora hongheensis, Diaporthe hongheensis, Hypoxylon hongheensis, and Mangifericola hongheensis, four new host and geographical records viz. Aplosporella artocarpi, Hypomontagnella monticulosa, Paraeutypella citricola and Pleurostoma ootheca, and two new collections of Lasiodiplodia are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Fu Yang
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Master of Science Program in Applied Microbiology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Dong-Qin Dai
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Steven L. Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yin-Ru Xiong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Milan C. Samarakoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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Du H, Yang J, Liu N, Cheewangkoon R, Liu J. Morpho-Phylogenetic Evidence Reveals New Species of Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae from Freshwater Habitats in Guizhou Province, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1138. [DOI: 10.3390/jof8111138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During a survey of freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province, China, six hyphomycetous collections were founded on decaying wood from freshwater habitats. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphology, phylogeny, and culture characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data indicated that our six isolates formed three distinct lineages and were distributed within Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae. They can be organized as three new species: Fuscosporella guizhouensis, Mucisporaaquatica and Neoascotaiwaniaguizhouensis. Fuscosporella guizhouensis and Neoascotaiwania guizhouensis have sporodochial conidiomata, micronematous conidiophores and dark brown conidia. The former possesses irregularly ellipsoidal conidia with apical appendages, while the latter has fusiform to obovoid conidia. Mucispora aquatica is characterized by macronematous conidiophores, elongating percurrently and dark brown, narrowly obovoid conidia. The detailed, illustrated descriptions and notes for each new taxon are provided, and the species of Fuscosporella is reported for the first time in China.
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Cheng M, Wu M, Hsieh S, Chen C, Chen J, Kuo Y. A New Icetexane Diterpenoid from the Endophytic Fungus Annulohypoxylon multiforme var. alaskense. Chem Nat Compd. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Ma H, Song Z, Pan X, Qu Z, Yang Z, Li Y, Zhu A. Four New Pale-Spored Species of Xylaria (Xylariaceae, Xylariales) with a Key to Worldwide Species on Fallen Fruits and Seeds. Biology 2022; 11:885. [PMID: 35741406 PMCID: PMC9220042 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Xylaria, a large and cosmopolitan genus of Ascomycota, plays an important ecological role in forest ecology as wood-decomposers, and serve as a source of bioactive secondary metabolites. The present work concerns a survey of Xylaria from Southwest China. Four new species of Xylaria with pale-colored ascospores associated with fallen fruits and seeds are described and illustrated based on morphological and phylogenetic evidences. The phylogeny inferred from a combined dataset of ITS-RPB2-β-tubulin sequences supports these four species as distinct species. The four new taxa, namely Xylariarogersii, X. schimicola, X. theaceicola, and X. wallichii, are compared and contrasted against morphologically similar species. A dichotomous identification key to all the accepted species of Xylaria associated with fallen fruits and seeds is given.
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Liu S, Liu X, Zhang Z, Xia J, Zhang X, Meng Z. Three New Species of Microdochium (Sordariomycetes, Amphisphaeriales) on Miscanthus sinensis and Phragmites australis from Hainan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:577. [PMID: 35736060 PMCID: PMC9224723 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Species in Microdochium, potential agents of biocontrol, have often been reported as plant pathogens, occasionally as endophytes and fungicolous fungi. Combining multiple molecular markers (ITS rDNA, LSU rDNA, TUB2 and RPB2) with morphological characteristics, this study proposes three new species in the genus Microdochium represented by seven strains from the plant hosts Miscanthus sinensis and Phragmites australis in Hainan Island, China. These three species, Microdochium miscanthi sp. Nov., M. sinense sp. Nov. and M. hainanense sp. Nov., are described with MycoBank number, etymology, typification, morphological features and illustrations, as well as placement on molecular phylogenetic trees. Their affinity with morphologically allied and molecularly closely related species are also analyzed. For facilitating identification, an updated key to the species of Microdochium is provided herein.
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Song ZK, Zhu AH, Liu ZD, Qu Z, Li Y, Ma HX. Three New Species of Hypoxylon (Xylariales, Ascomycota) on a Multigene Phylogeny from Medog in Southwest China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050500. [PMID: 35628755 PMCID: PMC9146989 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During a survey of hypoxylaceous fungi in Medog county (Tibet Autonomous Region, China), three new species, including Hypoxylon damuense, Hypoxylon medogense, and Hypoxylon zangii, were described and illustrated based on morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Hypoxylon damuense is characterized by its yellow-brown stromatal granules, light-brown to brown ascospores, and frequently indehiscent perispore. Hypoxylon medogense is morphologically and phylogenetically related to H. erythrostroma but differs in having larger ascospores with straight spore-length germ slit and conspicuously coil-like perispore ornamentation. Hypoxylon zangii shows morphological similarities to H. texense but differs in having Amber (47), Fulvous (43) and Sienna (8) KOH-extractable pigments and larger ascospores with straight spore-length germ slit. The multi-gene phylogenetic analyses inferred from the datasets of ITS-RPB2-LSU-TUB2 supported the three new taxa as separate lineages within Hypoxylon. A key to all known Hypoxylon species from China and related species worldwide is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Kun Song
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (Z.-K.S.); (Z.Q.)
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - An-Hong Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Zhen-Dong Liu
- Food Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China;
| | - Zhi Qu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (Z.-K.S.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Yu Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Hai-Xia Ma
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (Z.-K.S.); (Z.Q.)
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- Correspondence:
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Li QR, Zhang X, Lin Y, Samarakoon MC, Hyde KD, Shen XC, Liao WQ, Karunarathna A, Long SH, Kang YQ, Kang JC. Morpho-molecular characterisation of Arecophila, with A. australis and A. clypeata sp. nov. and A. miscanthi comb. nov. MycoKeys 2022; 88:123-149. [PMID: 35585934 PMCID: PMC9021158 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.88.79475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three arecophila-like fungal samples were collected on dead culms of gramineous plants in China. Morphological studies of our new collections and the herbarium specimen of Arecophila gulubiicola (generic type) were conducted and the morphological affinity of our new collections with Arecophila was confirmed. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses using combined ITS, LSU, rpb2 and β-tubulin data from our collections revealed the phylogeny of Cainiaceae. The monospecific genus Alishanica (type species Al. miscanthi), which had been accepted in Cainiaceae, is revisited and synonymised under Arecophila. Based on morphology and phylogeny, Arecophila australis sp. nov. and A. clypeata sp. nov. are introduced as new species, while A. miscanthi is a new record for China. All the new collections are illustrated and described.
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Ma X, Chomnunti P, Doilom M, Daranagama DA, Kang J. Multigene Phylogeny Reveals Endophytic Xylariales Novelties from Dendrobium Species from Southwestern China and Northern Thailand. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030248. [PMID: 35330250 PMCID: PMC8955275 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylariales are common endophytes of Dendrobium. However, xylarialean species resolution remains difficult without sequence data and poor sporulation on artificial media and asexual descriptions for only several species and old type material. The surface-sterilized and morph-molecular methods were used for fungal isolation and identification. A total of forty-seven strains were identified as twenty-three species belonging to Apiosporaceae, Hypoxylaceae, Induratiaceae, and Xylariaceae. Five new species—Annulohypoxylon moniliformis, Apiospora dendrobii, Hypoxylon endophyticum, H. officinalis and Nemania dendrobii were discovered. Three tentative new species were speculated in Xylaria. Thirteen known fungal species from Hypoxylon, Nemania, Nigrospora, and Xylaria were also identified. Another two strains were only identified at the genus and family level (Induratia sp., Hypoxylaceae sp.). This study recorded 12 new hosts for xylarialean endophytes. This is the first report of Xylariales species as endophytes from Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum, D. cariniferum, D. harveyanum, D. hercoglossum, D. moniliforme, and D. moschatum. Dendrobium is associated with abundant xylarialean taxa, especially species of Hypoxylon and Xylaria. We recommend the use of oat agar with low concentrations to induce sporulation of Xylaria strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Ma
- Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resource of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Putarak Chomnunti
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Mingkwan Doilom
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China;
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Dinushani Anupama Daranagama
- Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Colombo 11300, Sri Lanka;
| | - Jichuan Kang
- Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resource of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-8558-8309
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Liu D, Sun X, Yan B, Ma A. Alternative oxidase is involved in oxidative stress resistance and melanin synthesis in Annulohypoxylon stygium, a companion fungus of Tremella fuciformis. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ju YM, Hsieh HM, He XS. Wulingshen, the massive Xylaria sclerotia used as traditional Chinese medicine, is produced by multiple species. Mycologia 2022; 114:175-189. [PMID: 35073226 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.2005985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Wulingshen, massive Xylaria sclerotia, was originally reported from Chengdu Plain in western Sichuan of China for medicinal application. Xylaria nigripes is commonly connected to these massive sclerotia produced within abandoned underground macrotermitine termite nests. We sequenced 54 Wulingshen samples procured from traditional Chinese medicine markets in Chengdu Plain and connected them to six different Xylaria species: X. nigripes, X. subescharoidea, two species newly described herein-X. neonigripes and X. rogersionigripes, and two species that are known only as sclerotia thus far. Only teleomorphs of X. subescharoidea and X. rogersionigripes have been collected in Chengdu Plain thus far. In Taiwan, teleomorphs of four of the six species, except for the two only known in sclerotial form, have been collected, and their cultures were obtained; we thus designate the holotypes of X. neonigripes and X. rogersionigripes on the basis of Taiwan specimens. During the collecting activities carried out in Chengdu Plain, a Xylaria species, which is newly described as X. mianyangensis herein, was also collected from termite nests but lacks a known connection to Wulingshen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Ju
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 115, Nankang, Taiwan, China
| | - Huei-Mei Hsieh
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 115, Nankang, Taiwan, China
| | - Xin-Sheng He
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010, Mianyang, Sichuan Province, China
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Pan XY, Song ZK, Qu Z, Liu TD, Ma HX. Three new Xylaria species (Xylariaceae, Xylariales) on fallen leaves from Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. MycoKeys 2022; 86:47-63. [PMID: 35095304 PMCID: PMC8770429 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.86.71623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new species of Xylaria on fallen leaves in Hainan Province of China are described and illustrated, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Xylariahedyosmicola is found on fallen leaves of Hedyosmumorientale and featured by thread-like stromata with a long sterile filiform apex. Phylogenetically, X.hedyosmicola is closely related to an undescribed Xylaria sp. from Hawaii Island, USA and morphologically similar to X.vagans. Xylarialindericola is found on fallen leaves of Linderarobusta and characterised by its subglobose stromata and a long filiform stipe. It is phylogenetically closely related to X.siculaf.major. Xylariapolysporicola is found on fallen leaves of Polysporahainanensis, it is distinguished by upright or prostrate stromata and ascospores sometimes with a slimy sheath or non-cellular appendages. Xylariapolysporicola is phylogenetically closely related to X.amphithele and X.ficicola. An identification key to the ten species on fallen leaves in China is given.
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Ma H, Song Z, Pan X, Li Y, Yang Z, Qu Z. Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Hypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Ascomycota) from China. Diversity 2022; 14:37. [DOI: 10.3390/d14010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Hypoxylon species play an important ecological role in tropical rainforest as wood-decomposers, and some might have benefical effects on their hosts as endophytes. The present work concerns a survey of the genus Hypoxylon from Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park of China. Four new species: H. wuzhishanense, H. hainanense, H.chrysalidosporum, and H.cyclobalanopsidis, were discovered based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data. Hypoxylon wuzhishanense is characterized by Rust pulvinate stromata, amyloid apical apparatus and brown ascospores, with most of the perispore being indehiscent in 10% KOH. Hypoxylon hainanense has effused–pulvinate and Violet stromata, amyloid apical apparatus, light-brown to brown ascospores with straight germ slit and dehiscent perispore. Hypoxylonchrysalidosporum is distinguished by glomerate to pulvinate stromata, highly reduced or absent inamyloid apical apparatus, and light-brown to brown ascospores with very conspicuous coil-like ornamentation. Hypoxyloncyclobalanopsidis has Livid Purple pulvinate stromata, highly reduced amyloid apical apparatus, faint bluing, brown ascospores and dehiscent perispore, and it grows on dead branches of Cyclobalanopsis. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and contrasts with morphologically similar species are provided. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS, RPB2, LSU, and β-tubulin sequences confirmed that the four new species are distinct within the genus Hypoxylon.
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Hawksworth DL. MycoNews 2021: President's message, IMA statutes, news, reports, awards, personalia, and book news. IMA Fungus 2021; 12:36. [PMID: 34972528 PMCID: PMC8719607 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-021-00085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This third annual edition of MycoNews starts with a message from IMA President Wieland Meyer regarding the adoption of new statutes for the IMA, the postponement of IMC12 to 2024, and announcing Marc Stadler as President-elect. The new statutes are included in full. News is provided on the launch of a World Fungus Day, acceptance of the term Funga as an equivalent to Fauna and Flora by the IUCN Species Survival Commission, new arrangements and dates for IMC12 now to be held in Maastricht in July 2024, and revised arrangements for the publication of proposals to change any rules governing the nomenclature of fungi. Reports are provided for IAL9, the symposium of the International Association for Lichenology in Brazil mainly conducted virtually, MycoRise Up! in Poland, and the centenary of the German Mycological Society (DGFM). Birthday greetings from IMA go to David Farr, Marie-Agnés Letrouit-Galinou, Maria Olech, Angela Restrepo, Carol Shearer, James Trappe, and Shun-ichi Udagawa. Tributes are also paid to the passing of the distinguished mycologists Heinz Butin, Karl Esser, Grégoire Hennebert, Jack Rogers, Kálman Vánky, and Bodo Wanke. The contribution concludes with news of seven new mycological books published in 2020–2021, and another forthcoming in 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Hawksworth
- Comparative Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, Surrey, UK. .,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK. .,Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China.
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Jin QY, Peng HZ, Zhu TJ, Ye HL. Isolation and functional characteristics of the fungus Hypoxylon spp. Sj18 with biocontrol potential. Fungal Biol 2021; 126:174-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cheng MJ, Wu MD, Chen CY, Hsieh SY, Chen JJ. Metabolite from the Fungus of Phialophora lagerbergii. Chem Nat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-021-03543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Pi YH, Long SH, Wu YP, Liu LL, Lin Y, Long QD, Kang JC, Kang YQ, Chang CR, Shen XC, Wijayawardene NN, Zhang X, Li QR. A taxonomic study of Nemania from China, with six new species. MycoKeys 2021; 83:39-67. [PMID: 34539206 PMCID: PMC8408098 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.83.69906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During an investigation of Xylariaceae from 2019 to 2020, isolates representing eight Nemania (Xylariacese) species were collected from Yunnan, Guizhou and Hainan Provinces in China. Morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, based on combined ITS, α-actin, rpb2 and β-tubulin sequences, confirmed that six of them are new to science, viz. Nemaniacamelliae, N.changningensis, N.cyclobalanopsina, N.feicuiensis, N.lishuicola and N.rubi; one is a new record (N.caries) for China and one is a known species (N.diffusa). Morphological descriptions and illustrations of all species are detailed. In addition, the characteristics of Nemania are summarised and prevailing contradictions in generic concepts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hui Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Si Han Long
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - You Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Li Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Yan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Qing De Long
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Ji Chuan Kang
- Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China Qujing Normal University Qujing China
| | - Ying Qian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou and Guizhou Talent Base for Microbiology and Human Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Chu Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Xiang Chun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Nalin N Wijayawardene
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China.,Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China Guizhou University Guiyang China.,Section of Genetics, Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No: 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardane Mawatha, Battaramulla 10120, Sri Lanka Qujing Normal University Qujing China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Qi Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
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Khamthong N, Cheng M, Wu M, Chen J. Water-Soluble Constituents of Phialophora lagerbergii. Chem Nat Compd 2021; 57:921-923. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-021-03511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wangsawat N, Ju YM, Phosri C, Whalley AJS, Suwannasai N. Twelve New Taxa of Xylaria Associated with Termite Nests and Soil from Northeast Thailand. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10070575. [PMID: 34201676 PMCID: PMC8301132 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Xylaria species are known for their medicinal value and production of a variety of bioactive compounds. They usually grow on rotten wood, fallen leaves, seeds, and fruits. Some species can be found growing on soil or associated with termite nests, which belong to subgenus Pseudoxylaria. They share with other Xylaria species a suite of morphological characteristics, including conspicuous or massive upright stromata with a light-coloured interior, a longer than wide ascal apical ring, bluing in an iodine reagent, and brown unicellular ascospores possessing a germ slit. In Thailand, there are only limited reports on Xylaria diversity and taxonomy, especially on species associated with termite nests. In the present study, we describe 12 new Xylaria taxa and report two species closely resembling known species from termite nests or soil. Their morphological and cultural characteristics are described and illustrated, and their nucleotide sequences of ITS rDNA, alpha-actin, and beta-tubulin genes were obtained. Phylogenetic inference based on these sequences confirmed that all taxa analyzed belong to subgenus Pseudoxylaria and differ from all other species with sequences available in public databases. Our study is the first to report on the novel Xylaria species associated with termite nests or growing on soil in Thailand. Subgenus Pseudoxylaria is likely highly diverse in the country. Abstract The diversity of Xylaria species associated with termite nests in northeast Thailand was investigated. Among the 14 taxa included in this study, 11 species and one variety were described as new, and another two species resemble the existing taxa, X. escharoidea and X. nigripes. The newly described taxa are X. chaiyaphumensis, X. conica, X. fulvescens, X. ischnostroma, X. margaretae, X. minima, X. reinkingii var. microspora, X. siamensis, X. sihanonthii, X. subintraflava, X. thienhirunae, and X. vinacea. Their morphological and cultural characteristics are described and illustrated, and their ITS, α-actin and β-tubulin sequences were analysed. A dichotomous key to the 17 species of Xylaria occurring in Thailand is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwana Wangsawat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wathana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand;
| | - Yu-Ming Ju
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Cherdchai Phosri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand;
| | - Anthony J. S. Whalley
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Nuttika Suwannasai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wathana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-6495000 (ext. 18519)
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Forin N, Vizzini A, Fainelli F, Ercole E, Baldan B. Taxonomic Re-Examination of Nine Rosellinia Types (Ascomycota, Xylariales) Stored in the Saccardo Mycological Collection. Microorganisms 2021; 9:666. [PMID: 33807044 PMCID: PMC8005106 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In a recent monograph on the genus Rosellinia, type specimens worldwide were revised and re-classified using a morphological approach. Among them, some came from Pier Andrea Saccardo's fungarium stored in the Herbarium of the Padova Botanical Garden. In this work, we taxonomically re-examine via a morphological and molecular approach nine different Roselliniasensu Saccardo types. ITS1 and/or ITS2 sequences were successfully obtained applying Illumina MiSeq technology and phylogenetic analyses were carried out in order to elucidate their current taxonomic position. Only the ITS1 sequence was recovered for Rosellinia areolata, while for R. geophila, only the ITS2 sequence was recovered. We proposed here new combinations for Rosellinia chordicola, R. geophila and R. horridula, while for R. ambigua, R. areolata, R. australis, R. romana and R. somala, we did not suggest taxonomic changes compared to the current ones. The name Rosellinia subsimilis Sacc. is invalid, as it is a later homonym of R. subsimilis P. Karst. & Starbäck. Therefore, we introduced Coniochaeta dakotensis as a nomen novum for R. subsimilis Sacc. This is the first time that these types have been subjected to a molecular study. Our results demonstrate that old types are an important source of DNA sequence data for taxonomic re-examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Forin
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Via Orto Botanico, 15, 35123 Padova, Italy;
| | - Alfredo Vizzini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-SS Torino), C.N.R., Viale P.A. Mattioli, 25, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Federico Fainelli
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Via Orto Botanico, 15, 35123 Padova, Italy;
| | - Enrico Ercole
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli, 25, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Barbara Baldan
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Via Orto Botanico, 15, 35123 Padova, Italy;
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58b, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Roo Vandegrift
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-5289;
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Lambert C, Pourmoghaddam MJ, Cedeño-Sanchez M, Surup F, Khodaparast SA, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Voglmayr H, Stradal TEB, Stadler M. Resolution of the Hypoxylon fuscum Complex (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) and Discovery and Biological Characterization of Two of Its Prominent Secondary Metabolites. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:131. [PMID: 33670169 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxylon, a large, cosmopolitan genus of Ascomycota is in the focus of our current poly-thetic taxonomic studies, and served as an excellent source for bioactive secondary metabolites at the same time. The present work concerns a survey of the Hypoxylon fuscum species complex based on specimens from Iran and Europe by morphological studies and high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and diode array detection (HPLC-MS-DAD). Apart from known chemotaxonomic markers like binaphthalene tetrol (BNT) and daldinin F, two unprece-dented molecules were detected and subsequently isolated to purity by semi preparative HPLC. Their structures were established by nuclear-magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as 3′-malonyl-daldinin F (6) and pseudofuscochalasin A (4). The new daldinin derivative 6 showed weak cytotoxicity towards mammalian cells but bactericidal activity. The new cytochalasin 4 was compared to cytochalasin C in an actin disruption assay using fluorescence microscopy of human osteo-sarcoma U2OS cells, revealing comparable activity towards F-actin but being irreversible compared to cytochalasin C. Concurrently, a multilocus molecular phylogeny based on ribosomal and proteinogenic nucleotide sequences of Hypoxylon species resulted in a well-supported clade for H. fuscum and its allies. From a comparison of morphological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, we introduce the new species H. eurasiaticum and H. pseudofuscum.
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Xie HL, Wang HC, Cai LT, Guo Z, Liu T, Sun M, Shi CH. First Report of Leaf spot Caused by Xylaria arbuscula on Flue-cured Tobacco in China. Plant Dis 2021; 105:1858. [PMID: 33428450 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-20-2436-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a leafy, annual, solanaceous plant grown commercially for its leaves in China. Around 70% of tobacco production in China occurs in southwest China. In summer of 2019, leaf spot symptoms were observed on ten to twenty percent of tobacco plants in a 2 ha commercial field of Bijie (27.32° N, 105.29° E), Guizhou province, China. The leaf spots were white with dark-brown in edges, irregularly round and oval, and diseased tissue dropped out leaving the leaves ragged in appearance (Fig. 1A, 1B). One diseased leaf from each of five plants was sampled. From five leaves, a total of 15 small (5 mm × 5 mm) pieces of leaf tissue were cut from the edge of the lesions after surface sterilization and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Five fungal colonies that were similar in appearance were isolated and one was purified, BEZ22, was selected arbitrarily for identification. Mycelia of the pathogen was initally white and dense, and then black carbonized mycelia appeared from the center of the colony 7 days' after incubation. Mycelia was white, sparse and radiated when incubated on OA (oatmeal agar) (Fig. 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H). Genomic DNA of the isolate was extracted. The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) with primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), actin (ACT) gene with primers ACT-512F/ACT-738R (Hsieh et al. 2005), beta-tubulin (TUB2) with primers T1/T22 (O'Donnell & Cigelnik 1997) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (RPB2) with primers fRPB2-5F/ fRPB2-7cR (Liu et al. 1999) were amplified and sequenced, respectively. The generated sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers MT804353 (ITS), MT809582 (ACT), MT799790 (TUB2) and MT799789 (RPB2). Using BLASTN searches, the sequences of each gene above were aligned with the voucher specimum, Xylaria arbuscula 89041211. The number of nucleotides that were similar for ITS (GU300090) was 550/551 (99%); for ACT (GQ421286), 266/266 bp (100%); for TUB2 (GQ478226), 1501/1501 bp (100%); and for RPB2 (GQ844805), 1135/1135 bp (100%), respectively (Fig. 2). A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on these four sequences with a final alignment of 3456 characters (ITS 551, ACT 266, TUB2 1501 and RPB2 1138). Thus, based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, the isolate BEZ22 was identified as Xylaria arbuscula. To verify pathogenicity, six tobacco plants at seedling stage (5-6 leaves) without visible disease were inoculated using mycelial plugs (5 mm in diameter). Leaves inoculated with PDA only plugs served as controls. After inoculation, all tobacco plants were maintained in a greenhouse with 85% relative humidity at 25 oC under a 12/12 h light/dark cycle. Five days after inoculation, typical early symptoms were observed on the inoculated leaves, and not on the control leaves. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by re-isolation of the pathogen from diseased leaves. Xylaria arbuscula has also been reported as a pathogen of Macadamia in Hawaii (Wenhsiung et al. 2009) and sugarcane in Indonesia (Maryono et al. 2020). However, to our best knowledge, this is the first report of X. arbuscula causing leaf spot on tobacco in China. This leaf spot has the potential to cause serious damage to tobacco in this region that could result in reduced production, consequently disease management of this pathogen should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lian Xie
- Yangtze University, 47897, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei , China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| | - Han-Cheng Wang
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Plant Pathology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| | - Liu-Ti Cai
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China;
| | - Zhenni Guo
- Yangtze University, College of Life Science , Jingzhou, Hubei , China;
| | - Tingting Liu
- Yangtze University, 47897, College of Agriculture, Jingzhou, Hubei , China;
| | - Meili Sun
- Yangtze University, 47897, College of Agriculture, Jingzhou, Hubei , China;
| | - Cai-Hua Shi
- Yangtze University, College of Agriculture, Jingzhou, Hubei , China;
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Cheng M, Wu M, Aung T, Than NN, Hsieh S, Chen J. Metabolite from the Endophytic Fungus of Rosellinia sp. Chem Nat Compd 2021; 57:171-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-021-03310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wongkanoun S, Becker K, Boonmee K, Srikitikulchai P, Boonyuen N, Chainuwong B, Luangsa-ard J, Stadler M. Three novel species and a new record of Daldinia (Hypoxylaceae) from Thailand. Mycol Prog 2020; 19:1113-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-020-01621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn an investigation of stromatic Xylariales in Thailand, several specimens of Daldinia were discovered. Three novel species (D. flavogranulata, D. phadaengensis, and D. chiangdaoensis) were recognized from a molecular phylogeny based on concatenated ITS, LSU, RPB2, and TUB2 sequence data, combined with morphological characters and secondary metabolite profiles based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The major components detected were cytochalasins (in D. flavogranulata and D. chiangdaoensis) and daldinin type azaphilones (in D. phadaengensis). In addition, D. brachysperma, which had hitherto only been reported from America, was found for the first time in Asia. Its phylogenetic affinities were studied, confirming previous suspicions from morphological comparisons that the species is closely related to D. eschscholtzii and D. bambusicola, both common in Thailand. Daldinia flavogranulata, one of the new taxa, was found to be closely related to the same taxa. The other two novel species, D. phadaengensis and D. chiangdaoensis, share characters with D. korfii and D. kretzschmarioides, respectively.
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Becker K, Lambert C, Wieschhaus J, Stadler M. Phylogenetic Assignment of the Fungicolous Hypoxylon invadens (Ascomycota, Xylariales) and Investigation of its Secondary Metabolites. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1397. [PMID: 32932875 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ascomycete Hypoxylon invadens was described in 2014 as a fungicolous species growing on a member of its own genus, H.fragiforme, which is considered a rare lifestyle in the Hypoxylaceae. This renders H.invadens an interesting target in our efforts to find new bioactive secondary metabolites from members of the Xylariales. So far, only volatile organic compounds have been reported from H.invadens, but no investigation of non-volatile compounds had been conducted. Furthermore, a phylogenetic assignment following recent trends in fungal taxonomy via a multiple sequence alignment seemed practical. A culture of H.invadens was thus subjected to submerged cultivation to investigate the produced secondary metabolites, followed by isolation via preparative chromatography and subsequent structure elucidation by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). This approach led to the identification of the known flaviolin (1) and 3,3-biflaviolin (2) as the main components, which had never been reported from the order Xylariales before. Assessment of their antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects via a panel of commonly used microorganisms and cell lines in our laboratory did not yield any effects of relevance. Concurrently, genomic DNA from the fungus was used to construct a multigene phylogeny using ribosomal sequence information from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the 28S large subunit of ribosomal DNA (LSU), and proteinogenic nucleotide sequences from the second largest subunit of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II (RPB2) and β-tubulin (TUB2) genes. A placement in a newly formed clade with H.trugodes was strongly supported in a maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogeny using sequences derived from well characterized strains, but the exact position of said clade remains unclear. Both, the chemical and the phylogenetic results suggest further inquiries into the lifestyle of this unique fungus to get a better understanding of both, its ecological role and function of its produced secondary metabolites hitherto unique to the Xylariales.
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Huang S, Xia J, Zhang X, Sun W, Li Z. Two new species of Microdochium from Indocalamus longiauritus in south-western China. MycoKeys 2020; 72:93-108. [PMID: 32982557 PMCID: PMC7498474 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.72.55445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microdochium species have often been reported as plant pathogens and saprophytes and are commonly isolated from some diseased plant hosts. The primary aim of the present study was to describe and illustrate two new Microdochium species isolated from the leaf spot of Indocalamus longiauritus in Yunnan Province, China, namely Microdochium yunnanense and M. indocalami, spp. nov., based on their morphology and multilocus phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS, LSU, TUB2, and RPB2. DNA sequence data indicate that six strains represent three independent groups from related and similar species in Microdochium. Microdochium indocalami sp. nov. clustered with M. fisheri, M. lycopodinum, M. rhopalostylidis, and M. phragmitis. Microdochium yunnanense sp. nov. grouped with M. bolleyi. In addition, the strain SAUCC1017 is recorded as an unidentified species in Microdochium. Descriptions and illustrations of the new species in the genus and Microdochium sp. indet. are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengting Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, ChinaYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Jiwen Xia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, ChinaShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Xiuguo Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, ChinaShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, ChinaYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Zhuang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, ChinaShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina
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Hsieh CW, Chuang YY, Lee MZ, Kirschner R. First Inventory of Fungi in Symptomless and Symptomatic Chinese Mesona Indicates Phytopathological Threat. Plant Dis 2020; 104:2391-2397. [PMID: 32689885 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-20-0475-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chinese mesona (Platostoma palustre) plays an important role as special crop in Southeast Asia and Taiwan for the production of herbal tea, grass jelly, and further processed food. In order to assess the potential threat of fungi to Chinese mesona, we surveyed isolates from symptomless plants in the area of mesona production, as well as from leaf spots of potted plants in a garden shop and a plantation in a botanical garden in Taiwan. From leaves, stems, and roots of 15 symptomless plants sampled at five collection events over two years, 154 isolates from 810 surface-sterilized plant fragments were obtained and identified based on DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region, and partially of the β-tubulin and histone H3 genes. The most common species belonged to the genera Cercospora, Colletotrichum, and Fusarium and were considered to be potential plant pathogens. Latent pathogenicity was confirmed by an infection experiment with an endophytic strain of Corynespora cassiicola. Observation of leaf spot disease associated with Cercospora kikuchii suggested pathogenicity of this fungus, which was also isolated as an endophyte from symptomless leaves. We hypothesize that the most common endophytic fungi are latent pathogens in the host and may cause plant disease when the host becomes weakened by senescence or changed cultivation condition. Leaf spots of plants in the botanical garden were associated with a species of Pseudocercospora, which was not found among the endophytic isolates and is newly described based on morphology and analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Zhongli District, 320 Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chuang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Zhe Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Roland Kirschner
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
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Becker K, Wongkanoun S, Wessel AC, Bills GF, Stadler M, Luangsa-Ard JJ. Phylogenetic and Chemotaxonomic Studies Confirm the Affinities of Stromatoneurospora phoenix to the Coprophilous Xylariaceae. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E144. [PMID: 32842463 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Stromatoneurospora was erected in 1973 by Jong and Davis to accommodate the pyrophilic pyrenomycete Sphaeria phoenix and has traditionally been placed in the family Xylariaceae based on morphological features. However, no living culture of this genus has so far been available in the public domain. Molecular data were restricted to an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence that only confirmed the familial position, and was generated from a strain that is not deposited in a public culture collection. We have recently collected fresh material and were able to culture this fungus from Thailand. The secondary metabolites of this strains were analysed after fermentation in multiple media. The the prominent components of these fermentation were purified, using preparative chromatography. Aside from two new eremophilane sesquiterpenoids named phoenixilanes A–B (1–2), four other components that are known from species of the xylariaceous genera Xylaria and Poronia were identified by spectral methods (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry). Notably, (−)-(R)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-dihydroisocoumarin-5-carboxylic acid (6) has not been reported as a natural product before. Moreover, DNA sequences of Stromatoneurospora phoenix clustered with members of the genera Poronia and Podosordaria in a multi-locus molecular phylogeny. These results confirmed that the genus belongs to the same evolutionary lineage as the coprophilic Xylariaceae. The results also suggest that this lineage has evolved independently from the plant-inhabiting saprotrophs and endophytes that are closely related to the genus Xylaria. These findings are discussed in relation to some theories about the endophytic vs. the pyrophilic/coprophilic fungal life style.
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Becker K, Wessel AC, Luangsa-Ard JJ, Stadler M. Viridistratins A-C, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Benzo[ j]fluoranthenes from Stromata of Annulohypoxylon viridistratum (Hypoxylaceae, Ascomycota). Biomolecules 2020; 10:E805. [PMID: 32456162 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During the course of our search for novel biologically active metabolites from tropical fungi, we are using chemotaxonomic and taxonomic methodology for the preselection of interesting materials. Recently, three previously undescribed benzo[j]fluoranthenes (1-3) together with the known derivatives truncatones A and C (4, 5) were isolated from the stromata of the recently described species Annulohypoxylon viridistratum collected in Thailand. Their chemical structures were elucidated by means of spectral methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). The new compounds, for which we propose the trivial names viridistratins A-C, exhibited weak-to-moderate antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities in cell-based assays.
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Cheng M, Aung T, Wu M, Hsieh S, Chen J. New Constituent of the Endophytic Fungus of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Chem Nat Compd 2020; 56:433-435. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Pourmoghaddam MJ, Lambert C, Surup F, Khodaparast SA, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Voglmayr H, Stadler M. Discovery of a new species of the Hypoxylon rubiginosum complex from Iran and antagonistic activities of Hypoxylon spp. against the Ash Dieback pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, in dual culture. MycoKeys 2020; 66:105-133. [PMID: 32377154 PMCID: PMC7195382 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.66.50946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During a survey of xylarialean fungi in Northern Iran, several specimens that showed affinities to the Hypoxylonrubiginosum complex were collected and cultured. A comparison of their morphological characters, combined with a chemotaxonomic study based on high performance liquid chromatography, coupled with diode array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/MS) and a multi-locus phylogeny based on ITS, LSU, rbp2 and tub2 DNA sequences, revealed a new species here described as Hypoxylonguilanense. In addition, Hypoxylonrubiginosumsensu stricto was also encountered. Concurrently, an endophytic isolate of the latter species showed strong antagonistic activities against the Ash Dieback pathogen, Hymenoscyphusfraxineus, in a dual culture assay in our laboratory. Therefore, we decided to test the new Iranian fungi for antagonistic activities against the pathogen, along with several cultures of other Hypoxylon species that are related to H.rubiginosum. Our results suggest that the antagonistic effects of Hypoxylon spp. against Hym.fraxineus are widespread and that they are due to the production of antifungal phomopsidin derivatives in the presence of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Pourmoghaddam
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH Braunschweig Germany.,Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Wien, Austria University of Guilan Rasht Islamic Republic of Iran.,Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Dept. Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Christopher Lambert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Dept. Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Frank Surup
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Dept. Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Seyed Akbar Khodaparast
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH Braunschweig Germany
| | - Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Wien, Austria University of Guilan Rasht Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hermann Voglmayr
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Wien, Austria University of Guilan Rasht Islamic Republic of Iran.,Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Franz-Schwackhöfer-Haus, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82/I, 1190, Vienna, Austria BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Marc Stadler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Dept. Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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Hsieh HM, Chou JC, Ju YM. Xylaria insolita and X. subescharoidea: two newly described species collected from a termite nesting site in Hua-lien, Taiwan. Bot Stud 2020; 61:11. [PMID: 32253525 PMCID: PMC7136384 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-020-00287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of Xylaria species are exclusively associated with nests of macrotermitine termites. A nesting site of Odontotermes formosanus in eastern Taiwan, which is the only macrotermitine termite known on the island, had been inundated during the raining season of 2010, and hundreds of Xylaria stromata emerged from it thereafter. A thorough examination of these stromata showed that they represent a mixture of different species. RESULTS Five Xylaria species were identified from the stromata collected from the nesting site, including two undescribed species, which are newly described as X. insolita and X. subescharoidea herein, and three known species X. brunneovinosa, X. escharoidea, and X. furcata. CONCLUSION Totally, there are 28 Xylaria species growing on termite nests or ground in the world. Although O. formosanus is the only macrotermitine species known in Taiwan, the Xylaria diversity associated with its nests is fairly high; the species number has reached 12 with X. furcata, X. insolita, and X. subescharoidea added to the Taiwan mycobiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Mei Hsieh
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ching Chou
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Ju
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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Stadler M, Lambert C, Wibberg D, Kalinowski J, Cox RJ, Kolařík M, Kuhnert E. Intragenomic polymorphisms in the ITS region of high-quality genomes of the Hypoxylaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota). Mycol Prog 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-019-01552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) has been established (and is generally accepted) as a primary “universal” genetic barcode for fungi for many years, but the actual value for taxonomy has been heavily disputed among mycologists. Recently, twelve draft genome sequences, mainly derived from type species of the family Hypoxylaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota) and the ex-epitype strain of Xylaria hypoxylon have become available during the course of a large phylogenomic study that was primarily aimed at establishing a correlation between the existing multi-gene-based genealogy with a genome-based phylogeny and the discovery of novel biosynthetic gene clusters encoding for secondary metabolites. The genome sequences were obtained using combinations of Illumina and Oxford nanopore technologies or PacBio sequencing, respectively, and resulted in high-quality sequences with an average N50 of 3.2 Mbp. While the main results will be published concurrently in a separate paper, the current case study was dedicated to the detection of ITS nrDNA copies in the genomes, in an attempt to explain certain incongruities and apparent mismatches between phenotypes and genotypes that had been observed during previous polyphasic studies. The results revealed that all of the studied strains had at least three copies of rDNA in their genomes, with Hypoxylon fragiforme having at least 19 copies of the ITS region, followed by Xylaria hypoxylon with at least 13 copies. Several of the genomes contained 2–3 copies that were nearly identical, but in some cases drastic differences, below 97% identity were observed. In one case, ascribable to the presence of a pseudogene, the deviations of the ITS sequences from the same genome resulted in only ca. 90% of overall homology. These results are discussed in the scope of the current trends to use ITS data for species recognition and segregation of fungi. We propose that additional genomes should be checked for such ITS polymorphisms to reassess the validity of this non-coding part of the fungal DNA for molecular identification.
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Voglmayr H, Beenken L. Linosporopsis, a new leaf-inhabiting scolecosporous genus in Xylariaceae. Mycol Prog 2020; 19:205-222. [PMID: 32104168 PMCID: PMC7008769 DOI: 10.1007/s11557-020-01559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Based on molecular phylogenetic and morphological evidence, the new genus Linosporopsis (Xylariales) is established for several species previously classified within Linospora (Diaporthales). Fresh collections of Linospora ischnotheca from dead overwintered leaves of Fagus sylvatica and of L. ochracea from dead overwintered leaves of Malus domestica, Pyrus communis, and Sorbus intermedia were isolated in pure culture, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multi-locus matrix of partial nuITS-LSU rDNA, RPB2 and TUB2 sequences as well as morphological investigations revealed that both species are unrelated to the diaporthalean genus Linospora, but belong to Xylariaceae sensu stricto. The new combinations Linosporopsis ischnotheca and L. ochracea are proposed, the species are described and illustrated, and their basionyms lecto- and epitypified. Linospora faginea is synonymized with L. ischnotheca. Based on similar morphology and ecology, Linospora carpini and Linospora magnagutiana from dead leaves of Carpinus betulus and Sorbus torminalis, respectively, are also combined in Linosporopsis. The four accepted species of Linosporopsis are illustrated, a key to species is provided and their ecology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Voglmayr
- Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Dept. of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Franz Schwackhöfer Haus, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82/I, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Ludwig Beenken
- Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Liu D, Zhu H, Pujiana D, Zheng L, Chen L, Ma A. Cloning and functional characterization of gpd and α-tubulin promoters from Annulohypoxylon stygium, a companion fungus of Tremella fuciformis. MYCOSCIENCE 2020; 61:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Heredia G, Li D, Wendt L, Réblová M, Arias RM, Gamboa-angulo M, Štěpánek V, Stadler M, Castañeda-ruíz RF. Natonodosa speciosa gen. et sp. nov. and rediscovery of Poroisariopsis inornata: neotropical anamorphic fungi in Xylariales. Mycol Prog 2020; 19:15-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-019-01537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract This work aims to bring new reports of Hypoxylaceae and Xylariaceae from Brazil. The collections were performed in cocoa plantations in Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Six new occurrences of Hypoxylaceae and two Xylariaceae species are reported to Brazil, Northeast and/or Bahia. A dichotomous key to the species treated is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jadergudson Pereira
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Brazil
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Cañón ERP, de Albuquerque MP, Alves RP, Pereira AB, Victoria FDC. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Three Endolichenic Isolates of Xylaria (Xylariaceae), from Cladonia curta Ahti & Marcelli (Cladoniaceae). Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E399. [PMID: 31597306 PMCID: PMC6843379 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endophyte biology is a branch of science that contributes to the understanding of the diversity and ecology of microorganisms that live inside plants, fungi, and lichen. Considering that the diversity of endolichenic fungi is little explored, and its phylogenetic relationship with other lifestyles (endophytism and saprotrophism) is still to be explored in detail, this paper presents data on axenic cultures and phylogenetic relationships of three endolichenic fungi, isolated in laboratory. Cladonia curta Ahti & Marcelli, a species of lichen described in Brazil, is distributed at three sites in the Southeast of the country, in mesophilous forests and the Cerrado. Initial hyphal growth of Xylaria spp. on C. curta podetia started four days after inoculation and continued for the next 13 days until the hyphae completely covered the podetia. Stromata formation and differentiation was observed, occurring approximately after one year of isolation and consecutive subculture of lineages. Phylogenetic analyses indicate lineages of endolichenic fungi in the genus Xylaria, even as the morphological characteristics of the colonies and anamorphous stromata confirm this classification. Our preliminary results provide evidence that these endolichenic fungi are closely related to endophytic fungi, suggesting that the associations are not purely incidental. Further studies, especially phylogenetic analyses using robust multi-locus datasets, are needed to accept or reject the hypothesis that endolichenic fungi isolated from Xylaria spp. and X. berteri are conspecific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehidy Rocio Peña Cañón
- Grupo de Investigación Biología para la Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, 150003 Tunja, Colombia.
| | - Margeli Pereira de Albuquerque
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Avenida Antônio Trilha, 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel CEP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Paidano Alves
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Andre Araujo Avenue, 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Batista Pereira
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Avenida Antônio Trilha, 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel CEP, Brazil.
| | - Filipe de Carvalho Victoria
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Avenida Antônio Trilha, 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel CEP, Brazil.
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Sir EB, Becker K, Lambert C, Bills GF, Kuhnert E. Observations on Texas hypoxylons, including two new Hypoxylon species and widespread environmental isolates of the H. croceum complex identified by a polyphasic approach. Mycologia 2019; 111:832-856. [PMID: 31460851 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1637705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new species and a new combination of Hypoxylon from Texas were identified and described based on morphological, multigene phylogenetic (ITS [nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2], 28S [5' 1200 bp of nuc 28S rDNA], RPB2 [partial second largest subunit of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II], TUB2 [partial β-tubulin]), and chemotaxonomic data. Hypoxylon olivaceopigmentum is characterized by its pulvinate to glomerate stromata, olivaceous KOH-extractable pigments, equilateral ascospores, and indehiscent perispore. Hypoxylon texense can be distinguished from morphologically similar species by its rust to dark brick KOH-extractable pigments and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of its stromatal secondary metabolites. Hypoxylon hinnuleum is proposed as the sexual morph of Nodulisporium hinnuleum, featuring dark vinaceous glomerate stromata with dark brick KOH-extractable pigments composed of cohaerin-type azaphilones and smooth equilateral ascospores with indehiscent perispore. Based on these diagnostic characters, H. hinnuleum forms a complex with H. croceum and H. minicroceum. More than 50 ITS sequences with high identity originating from North American and East Asian environmental isolates formed a well-supported clade with the type of N. hinnuleum, demonstrating the widespread distribution of the species complex. In addition, updated descriptions and comprehensive illustrations with detailed information on the diagnostic features of H. fendleri and H. perforatum are provided. The multilocus phylogenetic reconstruction of Hypoxylon supported the status of the new species and broadened the knowledge about intergeneric relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban B Sir
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal-INBIOFIV (CONICET-UNT) , San Miguel de Tucumán , Argentina.,Laboratorio Criptogámico, Fundación Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucumán , Argentina
| | - Kevin Becker
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Christopher Lambert
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Gerald F Bills
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , Texas 77054
| | - Eric Kuhnert
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Leibniz University Hannover , Hannover , 30167 , Germany
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