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Mucke HA. Patent highlights August-September 2023. Pharm Pat Anal 2024. [PMID: 38497751 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2023-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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Wang H, Yip KH, Keam SP, Vlahos R, Nichol K, Wark P, Toubia J, Kral AC, Cildir G, Pant H, Hercus TR, Wilson N, Owczarek C, Lopez AF, Bozinovski S, Tumes DJ. Dual inhibition of airway inflammation and fibrosis by common β cytokine receptor blockade. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:672-683.e6. [PMID: 37931708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with severe asthma can present with eosinophilic type 2 (T2), neutrophilic, or mixed inflammation that drives airway remodeling and exacerbations and represents a major treatment challenge. The common β (βc) receptor signals for 3 cytokines, GM-CSF, IL-5, and IL-3, which collectively mediate T2 and neutrophilic inflammation. OBJECTIVE To determine the pathogenesis of βc receptor-mediated inflammation and remodeling in severe asthma and to investigate βc antagonism as a therapeutic strategy for mixed granulocytic airway disease. METHODS βc gene expression was analyzed in bronchial biopsy specimens from patients with mild-to-moderate and severe asthma. House dust mite extract and Aspergillus fumigatus extract (ASP) models were used to establish asthma-like pathology and airway remodeling in human βc transgenic mice. Lung tissue gene expression was analyzed by RNA sequencing. The mAb CSL311 targeting the shared cytokine binding site of βc was used to block βc signaling. RESULTS βc gene expression was increased in patients with severe asthma. CSL311 potently reduced lung neutrophils, eosinophils, and interstitial macrophages and improved airway pathology and lung function in the acute steroid-resistant house dust mite extract model. Chronic intranasal ASP exposure induced airway inflammation and fibrosis and impaired lung function that was inhibited by CSL311. CSL311 normalized the ASP-induced fibrosis-associated extracellular matrix gene expression network and strongly reduced signatures of cellular inflammation in the lung. CONCLUSIONS βc cytokines drive steroid-resistant mixed myeloid cell airway inflammation and fibrosis. The anti-βc antibody CSL311 effectively inhibits mixed T2/neutrophilic inflammation and severe asthma-like pathology and reverses fibrosis gene signatures induced by exposure to commonly encountered environmental allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Kwok Ho Yip
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Simon P Keam
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Kristy Nichol
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Peter Wark
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - John Toubia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anita C Kral
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gökhan Cildir
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Harshita Pant
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy R Hercus
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nick Wilson
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Catherine Owczarek
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
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Chen J, Neil JA, Tan JP, Rudraraju R, Mohenska M, Sun YBY, Walters E, Bediaga NG, Sun G, Zhou Y, Li Y, Drew D, Pymm P, Tham WH, Wang Y, Rossello FJ, Nie G, Liu X, Subbarao K, Polo JM. A placental model of SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals ACE2-dependent susceptibility and differentiation impairment in syncytiotrophoblasts. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1223-1234. [PMID: 37443288 PMCID: PMC10415184 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes COVID-19. Several clinical reports have linked COVID-19 during pregnancy to negative birth outcomes and placentitis. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning SARS-CoV-2 infection during placentation and early pregnancy are not clear. Here, to shed light on this, we used induced trophoblast stem cells to generate an in vitro early placenta infection model. We identified that syncytiotrophoblasts could be infected through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Using a co-culture model of vertical transmission, we confirmed the ability of the virus to infect syncytiotrophoblasts through a previous endometrial cell infection. We further demonstrated transcriptional changes in infected syncytiotrophoblasts that led to impairment of cellular processes, reduced secretion of HCG hormone and morphological changes vital for syncytiotrophoblast function. Furthermore, different antibody strategies and antiviral drugs restore these impairments. In summary, we have established a scalable and tractable platform to study early placental cell types and highlighted its use in studying strategies to protect the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - J A Neil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J P Tan
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Rudraraju
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Mohenska
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Y B Y Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Walters
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Adelaide Centre for Epigenetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - N G Bediaga
- Adelaide Centre for Epigenetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - G Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Y Li
- Implantation and Pregnancy Research Laboratory, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Drew
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defences Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Pymm
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defences Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - W H Tham
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defences Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Y Wang
- Implantation and Pregnancy Research Laboratory, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - F J Rossello
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G Nie
- Implantation and Pregnancy Research Laboratory, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - X Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - K Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - J M Polo
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Adelaide Centre for Epigenetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Pierzynowska K, Morcinek-Orłowska J, Gaffke L, Jaroszewicz W, Skowron PM, Węgrzyn G. Applications of the phage display technology in molecular biology, biotechnology and medicine. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-41. [PMID: 37270791 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2219741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The phage display technology is based on the presentation of peptide sequences on the surface of virions of bacteriophages. Its development led to creation of sophisticated systems based on the possibility of the presentation of a huge variability of peptides, attached to one of proteins of bacteriophage capsids. The use of such systems allowed for achieving enormous advantages in the processes of selection of bioactive molecules. In fact, the phage display technology has been employed in numerous fields of biotechnology, as diverse as immunological and biomedical applications (in both diagnostics and therapy), the formation of novel materials, and many others. In this paper, contrary to many other review articles which were focussed on either specific display systems or the use of phage display in selected fields, we present a comprehensive overview of various possibilities of applications of this technology. We discuss an usefulness of the phage display technology in various fields of science, medicine and the broad sense of biotechnology. This overview indicates the spread and importance of applications of microbial systems (exemplified by the phage display technology), pointing to the possibility of developing such sophisticated tools when advanced molecular methods are used in microbiological studies, accompanied with understanding of details of structures and functions of microbial entities (bacteriophages in this case).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Weronika Jaroszewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr M Skowron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Zhou A, Shi C, Fan Y, Zheng Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Xie H, Liu J, Jiao Q. Involvement of CD40-CD40L and ICOS-ICOSL in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis by targeting eosinophils. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171308. [PMID: 37325657 PMCID: PMC10267736 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), whose prevalence and pathogenesis are age-related, is characterized by nasal tissue eosinophil infiltration. CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) pathway involves in the eosinophil-mediated inflammation, and inducible co-stimulator (ICOS)-ICOS ligand (ICOSL) signal can strengthen CD40-CD40L interaction. Whether CD40-CD40L and ICOS-ICOSL have a role in the development of CRS remains unknown. Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the association of CD40-CD40L and ICOS-ICOSL expression with CRS and underlying mechanisms. Methods Immunohistology detected the expression of CD40, CD40L, ICOS, and ICOSL. Immunofluorescence was performed to evaluate the co-localizations of CD40 or ICOSL with eosinophils. Correlations between CD40-CD40L and ICOS-ICOSL as well as clinical parameters were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to explore the activation of eosinophils by CD69 expression and the CD40 and ICOSL expression on eosinophils. Results Compared with the non-eCRS subset, ECRS (eosinophilic CRS) subset showed significantly increased CD40, ICOS, and ICOSL expression. The CD40, CD40L, ICOS, and ICOSL expressions were all positively correlated with eosinophil infiltration in nasal tissues. CD40 and ICOSL were mainly expressed on eosinophils. ICOS expression was significantly correlated with the expression of CD40-CD40L, whereas ICOSL expression was correlated with CD40 expression. ICOS-ICOSL expression positively correlated with blood eosinophils count and disease severity. rhCD40L and rhICOS significantly enhanced the activation of eosinophils from patients with ECRS. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) obviously upregulated CD40 expression on eosinophils, which was significantly inhibited by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. Conclusions Increased CD40-CD40L and ICOS-ICOSL expressions in nasal tissues are linked to eosinophils infiltration and disease severity of CRS. CD40-CD40L and ICOS-ICOSL signals enhance eosinophils activation of ECRS. TNF-α and IL-5 regulate eosinophils function by increasing CD40 expression partly via p38 MAPK activation in patients with CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Zhou
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Fan
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yushuang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhichen Liu
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huanxia Xie
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Jiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Pant H, Hercus TR, Tumes DJ, Yip KH, Parker MW, Owczarek CM, Lopez AF, Huston DP. Translating the biology of β common receptor-engaging cytokines into clinical medicine. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:324-344. [PMID: 36424209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The family of cytokines that comprises IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF was discovered over 30 years ago, and their biological activities and resulting impact in clinical medicine has continued to expand ever since. Originally identified as bone marrow growth factors capable of acting on hemopoietic progenitor cells to induce their proliferation and differentiation into mature blood cells, these cytokines are also recognized as key mediators of inflammation and the pathobiology of diverse immunologic diseases. This increased understanding of the functional repertoire of IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF has led to an explosion of interest in modulating their functions for clinical management. Key to the successful clinical translation of this knowledge is the recognition that these cytokines act by engaging distinct dimeric receptors and that they share a common signaling subunit called β-common or βc. The structural determination of how IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF interact with their receptors and linking this to their differential biological functions on effector cells has unveiled new paradigms of cell signaling. This knowledge has paved the way for novel mAbs and other molecules as selective or pan inhibitors for use in different clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Pant
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy R Hercus
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kwok Ho Yip
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Bio 21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - David P Huston
- Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, Tex.
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IL-5 and GM-CSF, but Not IL-3, Promote the Proliferative Properties of Inflammatory-like and Lung Resident-like Eosinophils in the Blood of Asthma Patients. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233804. [PMID: 36497064 PMCID: PMC9740659 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood eosinophils can be described as inflammatory-like (iEOS-like) and lung-resident-like (rEOS-like) eosinophils. This study is based on the hypothesis that eosinophilopoetins such as interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) alter the proliferative properties of eosinophil subtypes and may be associated with the expression of their receptors on eosinophils. We investigated 8 individuals with severe nonallergic eosinophilic asthma (SNEA), 17 nonsevere allergic asthma (AA), and 11 healthy subjects (HS). For AA patients, a bronchial allergen challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was performed. Eosinophils were isolated from peripheral blood using high-density centrifugation and magnetic separation methods. The subtyping of eosinophils was based on magnetic bead-conjugated antibodies against L-selectin. Preactivation by eosinophilopoetins was performed by incubating eosinophil subtypes with IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF, and individual combined cell cultures were prepared with airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. ASM cell proliferation was assessed using an Alamar blue assay. The gene expression of eosinophilopoetin receptors was analyzed with a qPCR. IL-5 and GM-CSF significantly enhanced the proliferative properties of iEOS-like and rEOS-like cells on ASM cells in both SNEA and AA groups compared with eosinophils not activated by cytokines (p < 0.05). Moreover, rEOS-like cells demonstrated a higher gene expression of the IL-3 and IL-5 receptors compared with iEOS-like cells in the SNEA and AA groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion: IL-5 and GM-CSF promote the proliferative properties of iEOS-like and rEOS-like eosinophils; however, the effect of only IL-5 may be related to the expression of its receptors in asthma patients.
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Evaluation of Phage Display Biopanning Strategies for the Selection of Anti-Cell Surface Receptor Antibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158470. [PMID: 35955604 PMCID: PMC9369378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of the most successful and versatile protein-based pharmaceutical products used to treat multiple pathological conditions. The remarkable specificity of mAbs and their affinity for biological targets has led to the implementation of mAbs in the therapeutic regime of oncogenic, chronic inflammatory, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases. Thus, the discovery of novel mAbs with defined functional activities is of crucial importance to expand our ability to address current and future clinical challenges. In vitro, antigen-driven affinity selection employing phage display biopanning is a commonly used technique to isolate mAbs. The success of biopanning is dependent on the quality and the presentation format of the antigen, which is critical when isolating mAbs against membrane protein targets. Here, we provide a comprehensive investigation of two established panning strategies, surface-tethering of a recombinant extracellular domain and cell-based biopanning, to examine the impact of antigen presentation on selection outcomes with regards to the isolation of positive mAbs with functional potential against a proof-of-concept type I cell surface receptor. Based on the higher sequence diversity of the resulting antibody repertoire, presentation of a type I membrane protein in soluble form was more advantageous over presentation in cell-based format. Our results will contribute to inform and guide future antibody discovery campaigns against cell surface proteins.
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Filippone RT, Dargahi N, Eri R, Uranga JA, Bornstein JC, Apostolopoulos V, Nurgali K. Potent CCR3 Receptor Antagonist, SB328437, Suppresses Colonic Eosinophil Chemotaxis and Inflammation in the Winnie Murine Model of Spontaneous Chronic Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147780. [PMID: 35887133 PMCID: PMC9317166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils and their regulatory molecules have been associated with chronic intestinal inflammation and gastrointestinal dysfunctions; eosinophil accumulation in the gut is prominent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The chemokine receptor CCR3 plays a pivotal role in local and systemic recruitment and activation of eosinophils. In this study, we targeted CCR3-ligand interactions with a potent CCR3 receptor antagonist, SB328437, to alleviate eosinophil-associated immunological responses in the Winnie model of spontaneous chronic colitis. Winnie and C57BL/6 mice were treated with SB328437 or vehicle. Clinical and histopathological parameters of chronic colitis were assessed. Flow cytometry was performed to discern changes in colonic, splenic, circulatory, and bone marrow-derived leukocytes. Changes to the serum levels of eosinophil-associated chemokines and cytokines were measured using BioPlex. Inhibition of CCR3 receptors with SB328437 attenuated disease activity and gross morphological damage to the inflamed intestines and reduced eosinophils and their regulatory molecules in the inflamed colon and circulation. SB328437 had no effect on eosinophils and their progenitor cells in the spleen and bone marrow. This study demonstrates that targeting eosinophils via the CCR3 axis has anti-inflammatory effects in the inflamed intestine, and also contributes to understanding the role of eosinophils as potential end-point targets for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon T. Filippone
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (R.T.F.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Narges Dargahi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (R.T.F.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia;
| | - Jose A. Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain;
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Joel C. Bornstein
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (R.T.F.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (R.T.F.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
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10
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Fung NH, Wang H, Vlahos R, Wilson N, Lopez AF, Owczarek CM, Bozinovski S. Targeting the human β
c
receptor inhibits inflammatory myeloid cells and lung injury caused by acute cigarette smoke exposure. Respirology 2022; 27:617-629. [PMID: 35599245 PMCID: PMC9542426 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating disease commonly caused by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure that drives tissue injury by persistently recruiting myeloid cells into the lungs. A significant portion of COPD patients also present with overlapping asthma pathology including eosinophilic inflammation. The βc cytokine family includes granulocyte monocyte‐colony‐stimulating factor, IL‐5 and IL‐3 that signal through their common receptor subunit βc to promote the expansion and survival of multiple myeloid cells including monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils. Methods We have used our unique human βc receptor transgenic (hβcTg) mouse strain that expresses human βc instead of mouse βc and βIL3 in an acute CS exposure model. Lung tissue injury was assessed by histology and measurement of albumin and lactate dehydrogenase levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Transgenic mice were treated with an antibody (CSL311) that inhibits human βc signalling. Results hβcTg mice responded to acute CS exposure by expanding blood myeloid cell numbers and recruiting monocyte‐derived macrophages (cluster of differentiation 11b+ [CD11b+] interstitial and exudative macrophages [IM and ExM]), neutrophils and eosinophils into the lungs. This inflammatory response was associated with lung tissue injury and oedema. Importantly, CSL311 treatment in CS‐exposed mice markedly reduced myeloid cell numbers in the blood and BAL compartment. Furthermore, CSL311 significantly reduced lung CD11b+ IM and ExM, neutrophils and eosinophils, and this decline was associated with a significant reduction in matrix metalloproteinase‐12 (MMP‐12) and IL‐17A expression, tissue injury and oedema. Conclusion This study identifies CSL311 as a therapeutic antibody that potently inhibits immunopathology and lung injury caused by acute CS exposure. Myeloid cells, including macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils, are important cellular drivers of inflammation and injury. In this study, we blocked granulocyte monocyte‐colony stimulating factor, IL‐5 and IL‐3 signalling with an anti‐βc receptor antibody (CSL311), which greatly reduced lung inflammation and injury in a pre‐clinical model of acute cigarette smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nok Him Fung
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria
| | | | - Angel F. Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and UniSA Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | | | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria
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11
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Boehm T, Ristl R, Mühlbacher J, Valent P, Wahrmann M, Jilma B. Massive release of Th2 cytokines induced a cytokine storm during a severe mast cell activation event in an indolent systemic mastocytosis patient. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:406-414.e16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Wang H, Tumes DJ, Hercus TR, Yip KH, Aloe C, Vlahos R, Lopez AF, Wilson N, Owczarek CM, Bozinovski S. Blocking the human common beta subunit of the GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-3 receptors markedly reduces hyperinflammation in ARDS models. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:137. [PMID: 35145069 PMCID: PMC8831609 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is triggered by various aetiological factors such as trauma, sepsis and respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus. Immune profiling of severe COVID-19 patients has identified a complex pattern of cytokines including granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-5, which are significant mediators of viral-induced hyperinflammation. This strong response has prompted the development of therapies that block GM-CSF and other cytokines individually to limit inflammation related pathology. The common cytokine binding site of the human common beta (βc) receptor signals for three inflammatory cytokines: GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-3. In this study, βc was targeted with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) CSL311 in engineered mice devoid of mouse βc and βIL-3 and expressing human βc (hβcTg mice). Direct pulmonary administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused ARDS-like lung injury, and CSL311 markedly reduced lung inflammation and oedema, resulting in improved oxygen saturation levels in hβcTg mice. In a separate model, influenza (HKx31) lung infection caused viral pneumonia associated with a large influx of myeloid cells into the lungs of hβcTg mice. The therapeutic application of CSL311 potently decreased accumulation of monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils without altering lung viral loads. Furthermore, CSL311 treatment did not limit the viral-induced expansion of NK and NKT cells, or the tissue expression of type I/II/III interferons needed for efficient viral clearance. Simultaneously blocking GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-3 signalling with CSL311 may represent an improved and clinically applicable strategy to reducing hyperinflammation in the ARDS setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and UniSA, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy R Hercus
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and UniSA, Adelaide, Australia
| | - K H Yip
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and UniSA, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Christian Aloe
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and UniSA, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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13
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Kan WL, Cheung Tung Shing KS, Nero TL, Hercus TR, Tvorogov D, Parker MW, Lopez AF. Messing with βc: A unique receptor with many goals. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101513. [PMID: 34836771 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the biological role of the βc family of cytokines has evolved enormously since their initial identification as bone marrow colony stimulating factors in the 1960's. It has become abundantly clear over the intervening decades that this family of cytokines has truly astonishing pleiotropic capacity, capable of regulating not only hematopoiesis but also many other normal and pathological processes such as development, inflammation, allergy and cancer. As noted in the current pandemic, βc cytokines contribute to the cytokine storm seen in acutely ill COVID-19 patients. Ongoing studies to discover how these cytokines activate their receptor are revealing insights into the fundamental mechanisms that give rise to cytokine pleiotropy and are providing tantalizing glimpses of how discrete signaling pathways may be dissected for activation with novel ligands for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie L Kan
- The Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Karen S Cheung Tung Shing
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Tracy L Nero
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Timothy R Hercus
- The Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Denis Tvorogov
- The Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.
| | - Angel F Lopez
- The Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
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14
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Wheatley AK, Pymm P, Esterbauer R, Dietrich MH, Lee WS, Drew D, Kelly HG, Chan LJ, Mordant FL, Black KA, Adair A, Tan HX, Juno JA, Wragg KM, Amarasena T, Lopez E, Selva KJ, Haycroft ER, Cooney JP, Venugopal H, Tan LL, O Neill MT, Allison CC, Cromer D, Davenport MP, Bowen RA, Chung AW, Pellegrini M, Liddament MT, Glukhova A, Subbarao K, Kent SJ, Tham WH. Landscape of human antibody recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109822. [PMID: 34610292 PMCID: PMC8463300 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are one of the few agents currently available to treat COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) that carry multiple mutations in the viral spike protein can exhibit neutralization resistance, potentially affecting the effectiveness of some antibody-based therapeutics. Here, the generation of a diverse panel of 91 human, neutralizing monoclonal antibodies provides an in-depth structural and phenotypic definition of receptor binding domain (RBD) antigenic sites on the viral spike. These RBD antibodies ameliorate SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and hamster models in a dose-dependent manner and in proportion to in vitro, neutralizing potency. Assessing the effect of mutations in the spike protein on antibody recognition and neutralization highlights both potent single antibodies and stereotypic classes of antibodies that are unaffected by currently circulating VOCs, such as B.1.351 and P.1. These neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and others that bind analogous epitopes represent potentially useful future anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Phillip Pymm
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Melanie H Dietrich
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Damien Drew
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Li-Jin Chan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Francesca L Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Katrina A Black
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Amy Adair
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kathleen M Wragg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Thakshila Amarasena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kevin J Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ebene R Haycroft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James P Cooney
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hariprasad Venugopal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Li Lynn Tan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Matthew T O Neill
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Cody C Allison
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Deborah Cromer
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard A Bowen
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Marc Pellegrini
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Alisa Glukhova
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Wai-Hong Tham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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15
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Targeting the Human β c Receptor Inhibits Contact Dermatitis in a Transgenic Mouse Model. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1103-1113.e11. [PMID: 34537191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a prevalent and poorly controlled inflammatory disease caused by skin infiltration of T cells and granulocytes. The beta common (βc) cytokines GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-5 are powerful regulators of granulocyte function that signal through their common receptor subunit βc, a property that has made βc an attractive target to simultaneously inhibit these cytokines. However, the species specificity of βc has precluded testing of inhibitors of human βc in mouse models. To overcome this problem, we developed a human βc receptor transgenic mouse strain with a hematopoietic cell‒specific expression of human βc instead of mouse βc. Human βc receptor transgenic cells responded to mouse GM-CSF and IL-5 but not to IL-3 in vitro and developed tissue pathology and cellular inflammation comparable with those in wild-type mice in a model of ACD. Similarly, Il3-/- mice developed ACD pathology comparable with that of wild-type mice. Importantly, the blocking anti-human βc antibody CSL311 strongly suppressed ear pinna thickening and histopathological changes typical of ACD and reduced accumulation of neutrophils, mast cells, and eosinophils in the skin. These results show that GM-CSF and IL-5 but not IL-3 are major mediators of ACD and define the human βc receptor transgenic mouse as a unique platform to test the inhibitors of βc in vivo.
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16
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Cusack RP, Whetstone CE, Xie Y, Ranjbar M, Gauvreau GM. Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma-New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040817. [PMID: 33917396 PMCID: PMC8067385 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, bronchospasm, and airway eosinophilia. As the pathophysiology of asthma is becoming clearer, the identification of new valuable drug targets is emerging. IL-5 is one of these such targets because it is the major cytokine supporting eosinophilia and is responsible for terminal differentiation of human eosinophils, regulating eosinophil proliferation, differentiation, maturation, migration, and prevention of cellular apoptosis. Blockade of the IL-5 pathway has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma. However, several other inflammatory pathways have been shown to support eosinophilia, including IL-13, the alarmin cytokines TSLP and IL-33, and the IL-3/5/GM-CSF axis. These and other alternate pathways leading to airway eosinophilia will be described, and the efficacy of therapeutics that have been developed to block these pathways will be evaluated.
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17
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Fercher C, Jones ML, Mahler SM, Corrie SR. Recombinant Antibody Engineering Enables Reversible Binding for Continuous Protein Biosensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:764-776. [PMID: 33481587 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineering antibodies to improve target specificity, reduce detection limits, or introduce novel functionality is an important research area for biosensor development. While various affinity biosensors have been developed to generate an output signal upon varying analyte concentrations, reversible and continuous protein monitoring in complex biological samples remains challenging. Herein, we explore the concept of directed evolution to modulate dissociation kinetics of a high affinity anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) single-chain variable antibody fragment (scFv) to enable continuous protein sensing in a label-free binding assay. A mutant scFv library was generated from the wild type (WT) fragment via targeted permutation of four residues in the antibody-antigen-binding interface. A single round of phage display biopanning complemented with high-throughput screening methods then permitted isolation of a specific binder with fast reaction kinetics. We were able to obtain ∼30 times faster dissociation rates when compared to the WT without appreciably affecting overall affinity and specificity by targeting a single paratope that is known to contribute to the binding interaction. Suitability of a resulting mutant fragment to sense varying antigen concentrations in continuous mode was demonstrated in a modified label-free binding assay, achieving low nanomolar detection limits (KD = 8.39 nM). We also confirmed these results using an independent detection mechanism developed previously by our group, incorporating a polarity-dependent fluorescent dye into the scFv and reading out EGFR binding based on fluorescence wavelength shifts. In future, this generic approach could be employed to generate improved or novel binders for proteins of interest, ready for deployment in a broad range of assay platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Fercher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Martina L. Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Stephen M. Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Simon R. Corrie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
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18
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Salter BM, Ju X, Sehmi R. Eosinophil Lineage-Committed Progenitors as a Therapeutic Target for Asthma. Cells 2021; 10:412. [PMID: 33669458 PMCID: PMC7920418 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic asthma is the most prevalent phenotype of asthma. Although most asthmatics are adequately controlled by corticosteroid therapy, a subset (5-10%) remain uncontrolled with significant therapy-related side effects. This indicates the need for a consideration of alternative treatment strategies that target airway eosinophilia with corticosteroid-sparing benefits. A growing body of evidence shows that a balance between systemic differentiation and local tissue eosinophilopoietic processes driven by traffic and lung homing of bone marrow-derived hemopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are important components for the development of airway eosinophilia in asthma. Interleukin (IL)-5 is considered a critical and selective driver of terminal differentiation of eosinophils. Studies targeting IL-5 or IL-5R show that although mature and immature eosinophils are decreased within the airways, there is incomplete ablation, particularly within the bronchial tissue. Eotaxin is a chemoattractant for mature eosinophils and eosinophil-lineage committed progenitor cells (EoP), yet anti-CCR3 studies did not yield meaningful clinical outcomes. Recent studies highlight the role of epithelial cell-derived alarmin cytokines, IL-33 and TSLP, (Thymic stromal lymphopoietin) in progenitor cell traffic and local differentiative processes. This review provides an overview of the role of EoP in asthma and discusses findings from clinical trials with various therapeutic targets. We will show that targeting single mediators downstream of the inflammatory cascade may not fully attenuate tissue eosinophilia due to the multiplicity of factors that can promote tissue eosinophilia. Blocking lung homing and local eosinophilopoiesis through mediators upstream of this cascade may yield greater improvement in clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roma Sehmi
- CardioRespiratory Research Group, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (B.M.S.); (X.J.)
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19
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Glycoproteomic measurement of site-specific polysialylation. Anal Biochem 2020; 596:113625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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20
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Yip KH, Wilson NJ, Pant H, Brown CL, Busfield S, Ng M, Alhamdoosh M, Woodman N, Schembri M, Tumes DJ, Vairo G, Lopez AF, Nash AD, Wilson MJ, Grimbaldeston MA, Owczarek CM. Anti-β c mAb CSL311 inhibits human nasal polyp pathophysiology in a humanized mouse xenograft model. Allergy 2020; 75:475-478. [PMID: 31505024 DOI: 10.1111/all.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Ho Yip
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and the University of South Australia UniSA CRI Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Wilson
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Harshita Pant
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and the University of South Australia UniSA CRI Adelaide SA Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Christopher L. Brown
- Rhinology Clinic Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital East Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Samantha Busfield
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Milica Ng
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Monther Alhamdoosh
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Naomi Woodman
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Mark Schembri
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Women's and Children's Hospital Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Damon J. Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and the University of South Australia UniSA CRI Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Gino Vairo
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Angel F. Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and the University of South Australia UniSA CRI Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Andrew D. Nash
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Michael J. Wilson
- Research and Development CSL Limited Bio21 Institute Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Michele A. Grimbaldeston
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and the University of South Australia UniSA CRI Adelaide SA Australia
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21
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Dougan M, Dranoff G, Dougan SK. GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-5 Family of Cytokines: Regulators of Inflammation. Immunity 2019; 50:796-811. [PMID: 30995500 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The β common chain cytokines GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-5 regulate varied inflammatory responses that promote the rapid clearance of pathogens but also contribute to pathology in chronic inflammation. Therapeutic interventions manipulating these cytokines are approved for use in some cancers as well as allergic and autoimmune disease, and others show promising early clinical activity. These approaches are based on our understanding of the inflammatory roles of these cytokines; however, GM-CSF also participates in the resolution of inflammation, and IL-3 and IL-5 may also have such properties. Here, we review the functions of the β common cytokines in health and disease. We discuss preclinical and clinical data, highlighting the potential inherent in targeting these cytokine pathways, the limitations, and the important gaps in understanding of the basic biology of this cytokine family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dougan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Glenn Dranoff
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Scheide-Noeth JP, Rosen M, Baumstark D, Dietz H, Mueller TD. Structural Basis of Interleukin-5 Inhibition by the Small Cyclic Peptide AF17121. J Mol Biol 2018; 431:714-731. [PMID: 30529748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a T-helper cell of subtype 2 cytokine involved in many aspects of eosinophil life. Eosinophilic granulocytes play a pathogenic role in the progression of atopic diseases, such as allergy, asthma and atopic dermatitis and hypereosinophilic syndromes. Here, eosinophils upon activation degranulate leading to the release of proinflammatory proteins and mediators stored in intracellular vesicles termed granula thereby causing local inflammation, which when persisting leads to tissue damage and organ failure. As a key regulator of eosinophil function, IL-5 therefore presents a major pharmaceutical target and approaches to interfere with IL-5 receptor activation are of great interest. Here we present the structure of the IL-5 inhibiting peptide AF17121 bound to the extracellular domain of the IL-5 receptor IL-5Rα. The small 18mer cyclic peptide snugly fits into the wrench-like cleft of the IL-5 receptor, thereby blocking access of key residues for IL-5 binding. While AF17121 and IL-5 seemingly bind to a similar epitope at IL-5Rα, functional studies show that recognition and binding of both ligands differ. Using the structure data, peptide variants with improved IL-5 inhibition have been generated, which might present valuable starting points for superior peptide-based IL-5 antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Philipp Scheide-Noeth
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of the University Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rosen
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of the University Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - David Baumstark
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of the University Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Harald Dietz
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of the University Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas D Mueller
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of the University Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Eller MCN, Vergani KP, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Antonangelo L, Leone C, Rodrigues JC. Can inflammatory markers in induced sputum be used to detect phenotypes and endotypes of pediatric severe therapy-resistant asthma? Pediatr Pulmonol 2018; 53:1208-1217. [PMID: 29870159 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phenotypes and endotypes of severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA) have not been fully elucidated in children. The aim of the present study was to investigate inflammatory markers in the induced sputum of children with STRA and to compare them with those present in a group of children who achieved control. METHODS A prospective cohort of children (6-18 years of age) diagnosed with severe asthma (GINA criteria) who had undergone treatment for at least 6 months was comprehensively followed for 3 months. Inhalation technique, adherence to treatment, ACT score, and main comorbidities were assessed. Induced sputum samples were collected for cytology analysis and quantitative assessment of cytokines; the participants also underwent spirometry, plethysmography, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement. RESULTS Forty patients were included (average age 12.8 years; 62.5% male); of these, 13 (32.5%) were classified as STRA at the end of follow-up. There were no significant differences between the STRA and control groups in demographic data, functional test results, or FeNO levels. The eosinophilic inflammatory pattern predominated in both groups; however, the STRA group showed a proportionally higher percentage of sputum neutrophils (P < 0.05). The median sputum levels of the cytokines IL-10, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were significantly higher in the STRA group (P < 0.05). GM-CSF and TNF-α levels showed inverse correlations with ACT scores. CONCLUSION The presence of neutrophils, the cytokines IL-10, and IFN-γ and, more particularly, TNF-α, and GM-CSF in the sputum may play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of STRA in children and adolescents. Specific antagonists for these cytokines may represent a future therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam C N Eller
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina P Vergani
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Saraiva-Romanholo
- School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP) and University of City of São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leila Antonangelo
- Clinical Laboratory, Pathology Department, Hospital das Clínicas, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Leone
- Maternal and Child Health Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joaquim C Rodrigues
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Dhagat U, Hercus TR, Broughton SE, Nero TL, Cheung Tung Shing KS, Barry EF, Thomson CA, Bryson S, Pai EF, McClure BJ, Schrader JW, Lopez AF, Parker MW. The mechanism of GM-CSF inhibition by human GM-CSF auto-antibodies suggests novel therapeutic opportunities. MAbs 2018; 10:1018-1029. [PMID: 29969365 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1494107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor that can stimulate a variety of cells, but its overexpression leads to excessive production and activation of granulocytes and macrophages with many pathogenic effects. This cytokine is a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases, and several anti-GM-CSF antibodies have advanced to Phase 2 clinical trials in patients with such diseases, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis. GM-CSF is also an essential factor in preventing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), a disease associated with GM-CSF malfunction arising most typically through the presence of GM-CSF neutralizing auto-antibodies. Understanding the mechanism of action for neutralizing antibodies that target GM-CSF is important for improving their specificity and affinity as therapeutics and, conversely, in devising strategies to reduce the effects of GM-CSF auto-antibodies in PAP. We have solved the crystal structures of human GM-CSF bound to antigen-binding fragments of two neutralizing antibodies, the human auto-antibody F1 and the mouse monoclonal antibody 4D4. Coordinates and structure factors of the crystal structures of the GM-CSF:F1 Fab and the GM-CSF:4D4 Fab complexes have been deposited in the RCSB Protein Data Bank under the accession numbers 6BFQ and 6BFS, respectively. The structures show that these antibodies bind to mutually exclusive epitopes on GM-CSF; however, both prevent the cytokine from interacting with its alpha receptor subunit and hence prevent receptor activation. Importantly, identification of the F1 epitope together with functional analyses highlighted modifications to GM-CSF that would abolish auto-antibody recognition whilst retaining GM-CSF function. These results provide a framework for developing novel GM-CSF molecules for PAP treatment and for optimizing current anti-GM-CSF antibodies for use in treating inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmi Dhagat
- a St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre , Fitzroy , Victoria , Australia.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Timothy R Hercus
- b The Centre for Cancer Biology , SA Pathology and the University of South Australia , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Sophie E Broughton
- a St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre , Fitzroy , Victoria , Australia.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Tracy L Nero
- a St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre , Fitzroy , Victoria , Australia.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Karen S Cheung Tung Shing
- a St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre , Fitzroy , Victoria , Australia.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Emma F Barry
- b The Centre for Cancer Biology , SA Pathology and the University of South Australia , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Christy A Thomson
- d The Biomedical Research Centre , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Steve Bryson
- e Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,f Department of Biochemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Emil F Pai
- e Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,f Department of Biochemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,g Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,h Department of Molecular Genetics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Barbara J McClure
- b The Centre for Cancer Biology , SA Pathology and the University of South Australia , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - John W Schrader
- d The Biomedical Research Centre , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.,g Department of Medical Biophysics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Angel F Lopez
- b The Centre for Cancer Biology , SA Pathology and the University of South Australia , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia.,i Department of Medicine , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- a St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre , Fitzroy , Victoria , Australia.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
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25
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Role of the β Common (βc) Family of Cytokines in Health and Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a028514. [PMID: 28716883 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a028514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The β common ([βc]/CD131) family of cytokines comprises granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-3, and IL-5, all of which use βc as their key signaling receptor subunit. This is a prototypic signaling subunit-sharing cytokine family that has unveiled many biological paradigms and structural principles applicable to the IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 receptor families, all of which also share one or more signaling subunits. Originally identified for their functions in the hematopoietic system, the βc cytokines are now known to be truly pleiotropic, impacting on multiple cell types, organs, and biological systems, and thereby controlling the balance between health and disease. This review will focus on the emerging biological roles for the βc cytokines, our progress toward understanding the mechanisms of receptor assembly and signaling, and the application of this knowledge to develop exciting new therapeutic approaches against human disease.
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26
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Sécher T, Guilleminault L, Reckamp K, Amanam I, Plantier L, Heuzé-Vourc'h N. Therapeutic antibodies: A new era in the treatment of respiratory diseases? Pharmacol Ther 2018; 189:149-172. [PMID: 29730443 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases affect millions of people worldwide, and account for significant levels of disability and mortality. The treatment of lung cancer and asthma with therapeutic antibodies (Abs) is a breakthrough that opens up new paradigms for the management of respiratory diseases. Antibodies are becoming increasingly important in respiratory medicine; dozens of Abs have received marketing approval, and many more are currently in clinical development. Most of these Abs target asthma, lung cancer and respiratory infections, while very few target chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - one of the most common non-communicable causes of death - and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we review Abs approved for or in clinical development for the treatment of respiratory diseases. We notably highlight their molecular mechanisms, strengths, and likely future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sécher
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, U1100, F-37032 Tours, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37032 Tours, France
| | - L Guilleminault
- Pôle des Voies respiratoires, Hôpital Larrey, CHU de Toulouse, F-31059 Toulouse, France; STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL 5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, Inserm, UPS, F-31013 Toulouse, France
| | - K Reckamp
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - I Amanam
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - L Plantier
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, U1100, F-37032 Tours, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37032 Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Pneumologie, F-37000 Tours, France
| | - N Heuzé-Vourc'h
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, U1100, F-37032 Tours, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37032 Tours, France.
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27
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Foster PS, Maltby S, Rosenberg HF, Tay HL, Hogan SP, Collison AM, Yang M, Kaiko GE, Hansbro PM, Kumar RK, Mattes J. Modeling T H 2 responses and airway inflammation to understand fundamental mechanisms regulating the pathogenesis of asthma. Immunol Rev 2018; 278:20-40. [PMID: 28658543 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight experiments conducted in our laboratories that have elucidated functional roles for CD4+ T-helper type-2 lymphocytes (TH 2 cells), their associated cytokines, and eosinophils in the regulation of hallmark features of allergic asthma. Notably, we consider the complexity of type-2 responses and studies that have explored integrated signaling among classical TH 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), which together with CCL11 (eotaxin-1) regulate critical aspects of eosinophil recruitment, allergic inflammation, and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Among our most important findings, we have provided evidence that the initiation of TH 2 responses is regulated by airway epithelial cell-derived factors, including TRAIL and MID1, which promote TH 2 cell development via STAT6-dependent pathways. Further, we highlight studies demonstrating that microRNAs are key regulators of allergic inflammation and potential targets for anti-inflammatory therapy. On the background of TH 2 inflammation, we have demonstrated that innate immune cells (notably, airway macrophages) play essential roles in the generation of steroid-resistant inflammation and AHR secondary to allergen- and pathogen-induced exacerbations. Our work clearly indicates that understanding the diversity and spatiotemporal role of the inflammatory response and its interactions with resident airway cells is critical to advancing knowledge on asthma pathogenesis and the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Foster
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven Maltby
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Helene F Rosenberg
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hock L Tay
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adam M Collison
- Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Unit, Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming Yang
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerard E Kaiko
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rakesh K Kumar
- Pathology, UNSW Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Unit, Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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28
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Chia J, Louber J, Glauser I, Taylor S, Bass GT, Dower SK, Gleeson PA, Verhagen AM. Half-life-extended recombinant coagulation factor IX-albumin fusion protein is recycled via the FcRn-mediated pathway. J Biol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29523681 PMCID: PMC5925791 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.817064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) has a pivotal role in albumin and IgG homeostasis. Internalized IgG captured by FcRn under acidic endosomal conditions is recycled to the cell surface where exocytosis and a shift to neutral pH promote extracellular IgG release. Although a similar mechanism is proposed for FcRn-mediated albumin intracellular trafficking and recycling, this pathway is less well defined but is relevant to the development of therapeutics exploiting FcRn to extend the half-life of short-lived plasma proteins. Recently, a long-acting recombinant coagulation factor IX–albumin fusion protein (rIX-FP) has been approved for the management of hemophilia B. Fusion to albumin potentially enables internalized proteins to engage FcRn and escape lysosomal degradation. In this study, we present for the first time a detailed investigation of the FcRn-mediated recycling of albumin and the albumin fusion protein rIX-FP. We demonstrate that following internalization via FcRn at low pH, rIX-FP, like albumin, is detectable within the early endosome and rapidly (within 10–15 min) traffics into the Rab11+ recycling endosomes, from where it is exported from the cell. Similarly, rIX-FP and albumin taken up by fluid-phase endocytosis at physiological pH traffics into the Rab11+ recycling compartment in FcRn-positive cells but into the lysosomal compartment in FcRn-negative cells. As expected, recombinant factor IX (without albumin fusion) and an FcRn interaction–defective albumin variant localized to the lysosomal compartments of both FcRn-expressing and nonexpressing cells. These results indicate that FcRn-mediated recycling via the albumin moiety is a mechanism for the half-life extension of rIX-FP observed in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Chia
- From the CSL Limited, Research, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jade Louber
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, and
| | - Isabelle Glauser
- From the CSL Limited, Research, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shirley Taylor
- From the CSL Limited, Research, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Greg T Bass
- From the CSL Limited, Research, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Steve K Dower
- From the CSL Limited, Research, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Paul A Gleeson
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, and
| | - Anne M Verhagen
- From the CSL Limited, Research, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia,
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29
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Oliveria JP, El-Gammal AI, Yee M, Obminski CD, Scime TX, Watson RM, Howie K, O'Byrne PM, Sehmi R, Gauvreau GM. Changes in regulatory B-cell levels in bone marrow, blood, and sputum of patients with asthma following inhaled allergen challenge. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:1495-1498.e9. [PMID: 29221714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John-Paul Oliveria
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amani I El-Gammal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Yee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caitlin D Obminski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara X Scime
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard M Watson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Howie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul M O'Byrne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roma Sehmi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gail M Gauvreau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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30
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Hematopoietic Processes in Eosinophilic Asthma. Chest 2017; 152:410-416. [PMID: 28130045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway eosinophilia is a hallmark of allergic asthma, and understanding mechanisms that promote increases in lung eosinophil numbers is important for effective pharmacotherapeutic development. It has become evident that expansion of hematopoietic compartments in the bone marrow (BM) promotes differentiation and trafficking of mature eosinophils to the airways. Hematopoietic progenitor cells egress the BM and home to the lungs, where in situ differentiation within the tissue provides an ongoing source of proinflammatory cells. In addition, hematopoietic progenitor cells in the airways can respond to locally derived alarmins to produce a panoply of cytokines, thereby themselves acting as effector proinflammatory cells that potentiate type 2 responses in eosinophilic asthma. In this review, we provide evidence for these findings and discuss novel targets for modulating eosinophilopoietic processes, migration, and effector function of precursor cells.
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31
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Anti-colony-stimulating factor therapies for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 16:53-70. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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