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Thia JA, Endersby-Harshman N, Collier S, Nassar MS, Tawfik EA, Alfageeh MB, Elfekih S, Hoffmann AA. Mitochondrial DNA variation in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 61:250-256. [PMID: 37738428 PMCID: PMC10784777 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia (Hertig 1936) (Rickettsiales: Ehrlichiaceae) has emerged as a valuable biocontrol tool in the fight against dengue by suppressing the transmission of the virus through mosquitoes. Monitoring the dynamics of Wolbachia is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of release programs. Mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers serve as important tools for molecular tracking of infected mitochondrial backgrounds over time but require an understanding of the variation in release sites. In this study, we investigated the mitochondrial lineages of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which is a prospective release site for the "wAlbBQ" Wolbachia-infected strain of this mosquito species. We employed a combination of comprehensive mitogenomic analysis (including all protein-coding genes) and mtDNA marker analysis (cox1 and nad5) using data collected from Jeddah. We combined our mitogenome and mtDNA marker data with those from previous studies to place mitochondrial variation in Saudi Arabia into a broader global context. Our findings revealed the presence of 4 subclades that can be broadly categorized into 2 major mitochondrial lineages. Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from Jeddah belonged to both major lineages. Whilst mitogenomic data offered a higher resolution for distinguishing Jeddah mosquitoes from the wAlbBQ strain, the combination of cox1 and nad5 mtDNA markers alone proved to be sufficient. This study provides the first important characterization of Ae. aegypti mitochondrial lineages in Saudi Arabia and offers essential baseline information for planning future molecular monitoring efforts during the release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Thia
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nancy Endersby-Harshman
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie Collier
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Majed S Nassar
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A Tawfik
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed B Alfageeh
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Elfekih
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Seok S, Jacobsen CM, Romero-Weaver AL, Wang X, Nguyen VT, Collier TC, Riles MT, Akbari OS, Lee Y. Complete mitogenome sequence of Aedes (Hulecoeteomyia) japonicus japonicus from Hawai'i Island. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:64-68. [PMID: 36685646 PMCID: PMC9848326 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2161328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first complete mitogenome (Mt) sequence of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae). The sequence was extracted from one adult from the Big Island of Hawai'i Island. The length of the Ae. japonicus japonicus Mt was 16,528bp with 78.1% AT content. Its sequence is most similar to the Mt sequence of Aedes koreicus with 90.81% sequence identity. This is the first full Mt sequence available for this species and provides important genetic resource for studying population genetics and dynamics of this important invasive mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Seok
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | | | - Ana L. Romero-Weaver
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Valerie T. Nguyen
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Omar S. Akbari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
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Kelly ET, Mack LK, Campos M, Grippin C, Chen TY, Romero-Weaver AL, Kosinski KJ, Brisco KK, Collier TC, Buckner EA, Campbell LP, Cornel AJ, Lanzaro GC, Rosario-Cruz R, Smith K, Attardo GM, Lee Y. Evidence of Local Extinction and Reintroduction of Aedes aegypti in Exeter, California. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.703873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Established populations of Aedes aegypti, a mosquito vector of multiple major arthropod-borne viruses, were first found in three California (CA) cities in 2013. From 2013 to April 2021, Ae. aegypti thwarted almost all control efforts to stop its spread and expanded its range to 308 cities, including Exeter, in 22 counties in CA. Population genomic analyses have suggested that multiple genetically distinct Ae. aegypti populations were introduced into CA. However Ae. aegypti collected for the first time in 2014 in Exeter, appeared to be different from three major genetic clusters found elsewhere in CA. Due to intense control efforts by the Delta Vector Control District (DVCD), Ae. aegypti was thought to have been eliminated from Exeter in 2015. Unfortunately, it was recollected in 2018. It was not clear if the reemergence of Ae. aegypti in Exeter was derived from the bottlenecked remnants of the original 2014 Exeter population or from an independent invasion from a different population derived from surrounding areas. The goal of this work was to determine which of these scenarios occurred (recovery after bottleneck or reintroduction after elimination) and if elimination and reintroduction occurred to identify the origin of the invading population using a population genomic approach. Our results support the reintroduction after elimination hypothesis. The source of reintroduction, however, was unexpectedly from the southern CA cluster rather than from other two geographically closer central CA genetic clusters. We also conducted a knockdown resistance mutation profile, which showed Exeter 2014 had the lowest level of resistant alleles compared to the other populations, could have contributed towards DVCD’s ability to locally eliminate Ae. aegypti in 2014.
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Cornel AJ, Bargielowski IE, Collier TC, Weakley AM, Blosser EM, Lanzaro GC, Hulshof K, Braks MAH, Lee Y. Complete mitogenome sequences of Aedes (Howardina) busckii and Aedes (Ochlerotatus) taeniorhynchus from the Caribbean Island of Saba. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1730720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Cornel
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Irka E. Bargielowski
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allison M. Weakley
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Erik M. Blosser
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Koen Hulshof
- Public Entity Saba, Public Health Department, Saba, Netherlands
| | - Marieta A. H. Braks
- Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthovan, Netherlands
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Introgression between Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii in Burkina Faso and its associations with kdr resistance and Plasmodium infection. Malar J 2019; 18:127. [PMID: 30971230 PMCID: PMC6458625 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insecticide resistance in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes has become widespread throughout West Africa including in Burkina Faso. The insecticide resistance allele (kdr or L1014F) is a prime indicator that is highly correlated with phenotypic resistance in West Africa. Studies from Benin, Ghana and Mali have suggested that the source of the L1014F is introgression of the 2L divergence island via interspecific hybridization with Anopheles gambiae. The goal of this study was to characterize local mosquito populations in the Nouna Department, Burkina Faso with respect to: (i) the extent of introgression between An. coluzzii and An. gambiae, (ii) the frequency of the L1014F mutation and (iii) Plasmodium infection rates. METHODS A total of 95 mosquitoes were collected from ten sites surrounding Nouna town in Kossi Province, Burkina Faso in 2012. The species composition, the extent of introgression in An. coluzzii mosquitoes and their Plasmodium infection rates were identified with a modified version of the "Divergence Island SNP" (DIS) genotyping assay. RESULTS The mosquito collection contained 70.5% An. coluzzii, 89.3% of which carried a 3 Mb genomic region on the 2L chromosome with L1014F insecticide resistance mutation that was introgressed from An. gambiae. In addition, 22.4% in the introgressed An. coluzzii specimens were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, whereas none of the non-introgressed ("pure") An. coluzzii were infected. CONCLUSION This paper is the first report providing divergence island SNP genotypes for natural population of Burkina Faso and corresponding Plasmodium infection rates. These observations warrant further study and could have a major impact on future malaria control strategies in Burkina Faso.
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Lee Y, Schmidt H, Collier TC, Conner WR, Hanemaaijer MJ, Slatkin M, Marshall JM, Chiu JC, Smartt CT, Lanzaro GC, Mulligan FS, Cornel AJ. Genome-wide divergence among invasive populations of Aedes aegypti in California. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:204. [PMID: 30866822 PMCID: PMC6417271 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the summer of 2013, Aedes aegypti Linnaeus was first detected in three cities in central California (Clovis, Madera and Menlo Park). It has now been detected in multiple locations in central and southern CA as far south as San Diego and Imperial Counties. A number of published reports suggest that CA populations have been established from multiple independent introductions. RESULTS Here we report the first population genomics analyses of Ae. aegypti based on individual, field collected whole genome sequences. We analyzed 46 Ae. aegypti genomes to establish genetic relationships among populations from sites in California, Florida and South Africa. Based on 4.65 million high quality biallelic SNPs, we identified 3 major genetic clusters within California; one that includes all sample sites in the southern part of the state (South of Tehachapi mountain range) plus the town of Exeter in central California and two additional clusters in central California. CONCLUSIONS A lack of concordance between mitochondrial and nuclear genealogies suggests that the three founding populations were polymorphic for two main mitochondrial haplotypes prior to being introduced to California. One of these has been lost in the Clovis populations, possibly by a founder effect. Genome-wide comparisons indicate extensive differentiation between genetic clusters. Our observations support recent introductions of Ae. aegypti into California from multiple, genetically diverged source populations. Our data reveal signs of hybridization among diverged populations within CA. Genetic markers identified in this study will be of great value in pursuing classical population genetic studies which require larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Hanno Schmidt
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (PBARC), United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - William R. Conner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Mark J. Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Montgomery Slatkin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - John M. Marshall
- School of Public Health, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Joanna C. Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Chelsea T. Smartt
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | | | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California -, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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