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Wei C, Niu Y, Chen B, Wang Y, Cai H, Han R, Tian Y, Liu X, Guo W, Kang X, Li Z. Divergent Regulatory Roles of Transcriptional Variants of the Chicken LDB3 Gene in Muscle Shaping. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12240-12250. [PMID: 38764183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
LIM domain binding 3 (LDB3) serves as a striated muscle-specific Z-band alternatively spliced protein that plays an important role in mammalian skeletal muscle development, but its regulatory role and molecular mechanism in avian muscle development are still unclear. In this study, we reanalyzed RNA sequencing data sets of 1415 samples from 21 chicken tissues published in the NCBI GEO database. First, three variants (LDB3-X, LDB3-XN1, and LDB3-XN2) generated by alternative splicing of the LDB3 gene were identified in chicken skeletal muscle, among which LDB3-XN1 and LDB3-XN2 are novel variants. LDB3-X and LDB3-XN1 are derived from exon skipping in chicken skeletal muscle at the E18-D7 stage and share three LIM domains, but LDB3-XN2 lacks a LIM domain. Our results preliminarily suggest that the formation of three variants of LDB3 is regulated by RBM20. The three splice isomers have divergent functions in skeletal muscle according to in vitro and in vivo assays. Finally, we identified the mechanism by which different variants play different roles through interactions with IGF2BP1 and MYHC, which promote the proliferation and differentiation of chicken myoblasts, in turn regulating chicken myogenesis. In conclusion, this study revealed the divergent roles of three LDB3 variants in chicken myogenesis and muscle remodeling and demonstrated their regulatory mechanism through protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yufang Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bingjie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanxing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hanfang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Departmentof Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1933 Observatory Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 54706, United States
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Shen T, Wang S, Huang C, Zhu S, Zhu X, Li N, Wang H, Huang L, Ren M, Han Z, Ge J, Chen Z, Ouyang K. Cardiac-specific deletion of heat shock protein 60 induces mitochondrial stress and disrupts heart development in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149883. [PMID: 38588611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases are the most common birth defects around the world. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial homeostasis is required for normal heart development. In mitochondria, a series of molecular chaperones including heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) are engaged in assisting the import and folding of mitochondrial proteins. However, it remains largely obscure whether and how these mitochondrial chaperones regulate cardiac development. Here, we generated a cardiac-specific Hspd1 deletion mouse model by αMHC-Cre and investigated the role of HSP60 in cardiac development. We observed that deletion of HSP60 in embryonic cardiomyocytes resulted in abnormal heart development and embryonic lethality, characterized by reduced cardiac cell proliferation and thinner ventricular walls, highlighting an essential role of cardiac HSP60 in embryonic heart development and survival. Our results also demonstrated that HSP60 deficiency caused significant downregulation of mitochondrial ETC subunits and induced mitochondrial stress. Analysis of gene expression revealed that P21 that negatively regulates cell proliferation is significantly upregulated in HSP60 knockout hearts. Moreover, HSP60 deficiency induced activation of eIF2α-ATF4 pathway, further indicating the underlying mitochondrial stress in cardiomyocytes after HSP60 deletion. Taken together, our study demonstrated that regular function of mitochondrial chaperones is pivotal for maintaining normal mitochondrial homeostasis and embryonic heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui province, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Can Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Siting Zhu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiangbin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Mingming Ren
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui province, China.
| | - Ze'e Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China.
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China.
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3
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Álvarez S, Mullen AM, Álvarez C, Hamill RM, O'Neill E, Gagaoua M. Impact of sampling location and aging on the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle proteome of dry-aged beef. Meat Sci 2023; 205:109315. [PMID: 37625354 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the differences in the proteome and molecular pathways between two sampling locations (external, internal) of bovine Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscles at 0, 21, and 28 days of dry-aging (i.e. 3, 24, and 31 days post-mortem). It further assessed the impact of post-mortem aging on the meat proteome changes and the biological processes at interplay. Proteins related to defence response to bacterium and regulation of viral entry into host cell were identified to be more abundant on the external location before dry-aging, which may be associated to the oxidative conditions and microbial activity to which post-mortem muscle is exposed during dressing, chilling, and/or quartering of the carcasses. This highlights the relevance of sampling from interior tissues when searching for meat quality biomarkers. As dry-aging progressed, the meat proteome and related biological processes changed differently between sampling locations; proteins related to cell-cell adhesion and ATP metabolic processes pathways were revealed in the external location at 21 and 28 days, respectively. On the other hand, the impact of aging on the proteome of the interior meat samples, evidenced that muscle contraction and structure together with energy metabolism were the major pathways driving dry-aging. Additionally, aging impacted other pathways in the interior tissues, such as regulation of calcium import, neutrophil activation, and regeneration. Overall, the differences in the proteome allowed discriminating the three dry-aging times, regardless of the sampling location. Several proteins were proposed for validation as robust biomarkers to monitor the aging process (tenderization) of dry-aged beef: TTN, GRM4, EEF1A1, LDB3, CILP2, TNNT3, GAPDH, SERPINI1, and OMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Álvarez
- Dept. of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin D15 DY05, Ireland; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Western Road, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Anne Maria Mullen
- Dept. of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin D15 DY05, Ireland
| | - Carlos Álvarez
- Dept. of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin D15 DY05, Ireland
| | - Ruth M Hamill
- Dept. of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin D15 DY05, Ireland
| | - Eileen O'Neill
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Western Road, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
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Tian S, Guo L, Song Y, Miao J, Peng M, Fang X, Bai M, Miao M. Transcriptomic analysis the mechanisms of anti-osteoporosis of desert-living Cistanche herb in ovariectomized rats of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:237. [PMID: 37439895 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Desert-living Cistanche herb (DC), as a traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying kidney yang, is often used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Total phenylethanoid glycosides are instruction ingredients for discrimination and assay according to the China pharmacopoeia for DC. This research aimed to reveal the anti-osteoporosis mechanism of total phenylethanoid glycosides of DC (PGC) by transcriptomic analysis of ovariectomized rats. Serum levels of BGP were evaluated by ELISA, the bone weight was measured, and transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of osteoblasts in rats. In addition, micro-CT was used to detect the bone volume (Tb.BS/BV), bone mineral density (Tb.BMD), and bone mineral content (Tb.BMC) in trabecular bone, and the ratio of cortical bone area to total area (Ct.ar/Tt.ar), and the level of bone mineral content (Ct.BMC) in cortical bone. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) after PGC treatment were analyzed by transcriptomics. Then, a bioinformatics analysis of DEGs was carried out through GO enrichment, KEGG enrichment, and selection of the nucleus gene through the protein-protein interaction network. Through qRT-PCR analysis, the DEGs were verified. The analysis results indicated that PGC increased the secretion of osteogenic markers, and ultrastructural characterization of osteoblasts and bone morphology were improved in ovariectomized rats. A total of 269 genes were differentially expressed, including 201 genes that were downregulated and 68 genes that were upregulated between the model group and the PGC group. Bioinformation analysis results prompt the conclusion that PGC could promote the bone metabolism by muscle cell development, myofibril assembly, etc. In addition, our study also found that PGC has a good effect on osteoporosis complicated with cardiomyopathy, and it also provided evidence for the correlation between sarcopenia and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tian
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zheng Zhou, 450046, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yagang Song
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mengfan Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Expression of LIM domain-binding 3 (LDB3), a striated muscle Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ-motif protein in the nervous system. Sci Rep 2023; 13:270. [PMID: 36609526 PMCID: PMC9822979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
LIM domain-binding 3 (LDB3) is a member of the Enigma family of PDZ-LIM proteins. LDB3 has been reported as a striated muscle-specific Z-band alternatively spliced protein that plays an important role in mechanosensory actin cytoskeleton remodeling. This study shows that LDB3 is broadly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system of human and mouse. LDB3 is predominantly expressed in the adult stages compared to early development and at a significantly higher level in the spinal cord than in the brain. As in skeletal muscle and heart, LDB3 is extensively alternatively spliced in the neurons. Three novel splice isoforms were identified suggesting splicing-dependent regulation of LDB3 expression in the nervous system. Expression of LDB3 in the motor cortex, cerebellum, spinal motor neuron, peripheral nerve, and neuromuscular junction in addition to skeletal muscle indicates important roles for this PDZ-LIM family protein in motor planning and execution. Moreover, expression in the hippocampal neurons suggests roles for LDB3 in learning and memory. LDB3 interactors filamin C and myotilin are also expressed in the spinal motor neuron, nerve, and neuromuscular junction, thereby providing the basis for neurogenic manifestations in myopathies associated with mutations in these so-called muscle proteins.
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Koopmann TT, Jamshidi Y, Naghibi-Sistani M, van der Klift HM, Birjandi H, Al-Hassnan Z, Alwadai A, Zifarelli G, Karimiani EG, Sedighzadeh S, Bahreini A, Nouri N, Peter M, Watanabe K, van Duyvenvoorde HA, Ruivenkamp CAL, Teunissen AKK, Ten Harkel ADJ, van Duinen SG, Haak MC, Prada CE, Santen GWE, Maroofian R. Biallelic loss of LDB3 leads to a lethal pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:97-104. [PMID: 36253531 PMCID: PMC9823012 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant variants in LDB3 (also known as ZASP), encoding the PDZ-LIM domain-binding factor, have been linked to a late onset phenotype of cardiomyopathy and myofibrillar myopathy in humans. However, despite knockout mice displaying a much more severe phenotype with premature death, bi-allelic variants in LDB3 have not yet been reported. Here we identify biallelic loss-of-function variants in five unrelated cardiomyopathy families by next-generation sequencing. In the first family, we identified compound heterozygous LOF variants in LDB3 in a fetus with bilateral talipes and mild left cardiac ventricular enlargement. Ultra-structural examination revealed highly irregular Z-disc formation, and RNA analysis demonstrated little/no expression of LDB3 protein with a functional C-terminal LIM domain in muscle tissue from the affected fetus. In a second family, a homozygous LDB3 nonsense variant was identified in a young girl with severe early-onset dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular non-compaction; the same homozygous nonsense variant was identified in a third unrelated female infant with dilated cardiomyopathy. We further identified homozygous LDB3 frameshift variants in two unrelated probands diagnosed with cardiomegaly and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Our findings demonstrate that recessive LDB3 variants can lead to an early-onset severe human phenotype of cardiomyopathy and myopathy, reminiscent of the knockout mouse phenotype, and supporting a loss of function mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara T. Koopmann
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGA, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- grid.264200.20000 0000 8546 682XGenetics Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - Mohammad Naghibi-Sistani
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Pediatric & Congenital Cardiology Division, Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Heleen M. van der Klift
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGA, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hassan Birjandi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Pediatric & Congenital Cardiology Division, Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zuhair Al-Hassnan
- grid.415310.20000 0001 2191 4301The Cardiovascular Genetics Program, Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alwadai
- grid.415989.80000 0000 9759 8141PICU Department, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Zifarelli
- grid.511058.80000 0004 0548 4972CENTOGENE GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ehsan G. Karimiani
- grid.264200.20000 0000 8546 682XGenetics Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK ,Department of Medical Genetics, Next Generation Genetic Polyclinic, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahar Sedighzadeh
- grid.412504.60000 0004 0612 5699Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran ,KaryoGen, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Bahreini
- KaryoGen, Isfahan, Iran ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Nayereh Nouri
- KaryoGen, Isfahan, Iran ,grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Merlene Peter
- grid.413808.60000 0004 0388 2248Division of Genetics, Birth Defects & Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- grid.413808.60000 0004 0388 2248Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Hermine A. van Duyvenvoorde
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGA, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia A. L. Ruivenkamp
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGA, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aalbertine K. K. Teunissen
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arend D. J. Ten Harkel
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Willem Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd G. van Duinen
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique C. Haak
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Willem Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos E. Prada
- grid.413808.60000 0004 0388 2248Division of Genetics, Birth Defects & Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611 USA ,grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Gijs W. E. Santen
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Clinical Genetics/LDGA, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reza Maroofian
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Fisher LAB, Schöck F. The unexpected versatility of ALP/Enigma family proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:963608. [PMID: 36531944 PMCID: PMC9751615 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.963608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most intriguing features of multicellular animals is their ability to move. On a cellular level, this is accomplished by the rearrangement and reorganization of the cytoskeleton, a dynamic network of filamentous proteins which provides stability and structure in a stationary context, but also facilitates directed movement by contracting. The ALP/Enigma family proteins are a diverse group of docking proteins found in numerous cellular milieus and facilitate these processes among others. In vertebrates, they are characterized by having a PDZ domain in combination with one or three LIM domains. The family is comprised of CLP-36 (PDLIM1), Mystique (PDLIM2), ALP (PDLIM3), RIL (PDLIM4), ENH (PDLIM5), ZASP (PDLIM6), and Enigma (PDLIM7). In this review, we will outline the evolution and function of their protein domains which confers their versatility. Additionally, we highlight their role in different cellular environments, focusing specifically on recent advances in muscle research using Drosophila as a model organism. Finally, we show the relevance of this protein family to human myopathies and the development of muscle-related diseases.
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8
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Schöck F, González-Morales N. The insect perspective on Z-disc structure and biology. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:277280. [PMID: 36226637 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibrils are the intracellular structures formed by actin and myosin filaments. They are paracrystalline contractile cables with unusually well-defined dimensions. The sliding of actin past myosin filaments powers contractions, and the entire system is held in place by a structure called the Z-disc, which anchors the actin filaments. Myosin filaments, in turn, are anchored to another structure called the M-line. Most of the complex architecture of myofibrils can be reduced to studying the Z-disc, and recently, important advances regarding the arrangement and function of Z-discs in insects have been published. On a very small scale, we have detailed protein structure information. At the medium scale, we have cryo-electron microscopy maps, super-resolution microscopy and protein-protein interaction networks, while at the functional scale, phenotypic data are available from precise genetic manipulations. All these data aim to answer how the Z-disc works and how it is assembled. Here, we summarize recent data from insects and explore how it fits into our view of the Z-disc, myofibrils and, ultimately, muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieder Schöck
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada
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9
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Abou Zeid F, Charrier H, Beseme O, Michel JB, Mulder P, Amouyel P, Pinet F, Turkieh A. Lim Domain Binding 3 (Ldb3) Identified as a Potential Marker of Cardiac Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137374. [PMID: 35806378 PMCID: PMC9266879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered as transporters of biomarkers for the diagnosis of cardiac diseases, playing an important role in cell-to-cell communication during physiological and pathological processes. However, specific markers for the isolation and analysis of cardiac EVs are missing, imposing limitation on understanding their function in heart tissue. For this, we performed multiple proteomic approaches to compare EVs isolated from neonate rat cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts by ultracentrifugation, as well as EVs isolated from minced cardiac tissue and plasma by EVtrap. We identified Ldb3, a cytoskeletal protein which is essential in maintaining Z-disc structural integrity, as enriched in cardiac EVs. This result was validated using different EV isolation techniques showing Ldb3 in both large and small EVs. In parallel, we showed that Ldb3 is almost exclusively detected in the neonate rat heart when compared to other tissues, and specifically in cardiomyocytes compared to cardiac fibroblasts. Furthermore, Ldb3 levels, specifically higher molecular weight isoforms, were decreased in the left ventricle of ischemic heart failure patients compared to control groups, but not in the corresponding EVs. Our results suggest that Ldb3 could be a potential cardiomyocytes derived-EV marker and could be useful to identify cardiac EVs in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Abou Zeid
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (F.A.Z.); (H.C.); (O.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Henri Charrier
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (F.A.Z.); (H.C.); (O.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Olivia Beseme
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (F.A.Z.); (H.C.); (O.B.); (P.A.)
| | | | - Paul Mulder
- Inserm U1096, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (F.A.Z.); (H.C.); (O.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Florence Pinet
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (F.A.Z.); (H.C.); (O.B.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (A.T.); Tel.: +33-(0)3-20-87-72-15 (F.P.); +33-(0)3-20-87-73-62 (A.T.)
| | - Annie Turkieh
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (F.A.Z.); (H.C.); (O.B.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (A.T.); Tel.: +33-(0)3-20-87-72-15 (F.P.); +33-(0)3-20-87-73-62 (A.T.)
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10
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Proteomics and Metabolomics Profiling of Pork Exudate Reveals Meat Spoilage during Storage. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070570. [PMID: 35888694 PMCID: PMC9323900 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have evaluated pork quality by omics methods. However, proteomics coupled with metabolomics to investigate pork freshness by using pork exudates has not been reported. This study determined the changes in the profiles of peptides and metabolites in exudates from pork stored at different temperatures (25, 10, 4, and −2 °C). Multivariate statistical analysis revealed similar changes in profiles in exudates collected from pork stored at −2 and 4 °C, and additional changes following storage at higher temperatures. We identified peptides from 7 proteins and 30 metabolites differing in abundance between fresh and spoiled pork. Significant correlations between pork quality and most of the peptides from these 7 proteins and 30 metabolites were found. The present study provides insight into changes in the peptide and metabolite profiles of exudates from pork during storage at different temperatures, and our analysis suggests that such changes can be used as markers of pork spoilage.
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11
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Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and can be caused by mutations in a wide range of proteins located in different cellular compartments. The present review is based on Dr. Ju Chen's 2021 Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the American Physiological Society Cardiovascular Section, in which he provided an overview of the current knowledge on the cardiomyopathy-associated proteins that have been studied in his laboratory. The review provides a general summary of the proteins in different compartments of cardiomyocytes associated with cardiomyopathies, with specific focus on the proteins that have been studied in Dr. Chen's laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- 1Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy,2IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- 3Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ju Chen
- 3Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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12
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Sierra V, González-Blanco L, Diñeiro Y, Díaz F, García-Espina MJ, Coto-Montes A, Gagaoua M, Oliván M. New Insights on the Impact of Cattle Handling on Post-Mortem Myofibrillar Muscle Proteome and Meat Tenderization. Foods 2021; 10:3115. [PMID: 34945666 PMCID: PMC8700955 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of different cattle management strategies at farm (Intensive vs. Extensive) and during transport and lairage (mixing vs. non-mixing with unfamiliar animals) on the myofibrillar subproteome of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle of "Asturiana de los Valles" yearling bulls. It further aimed to study the relationships with beef quality traits including pH, color, and tenderness evaluated by Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF). Thus, comparative proteomics of the myofibrillar fraction along meat maturation (from 2 h to 14 days post-mortem) and different quality traits were analyzed. A total of 23 protein fragments corresponding to 21 unique proteins showed significant differences among the treatments (p < 0.05) due to any of the factors considered (Farm, Transport and Lairage, and post-mortem time ageing). The proteins belong to several biological pathways including three structural proteins (MYBPC2, TNNT3, and MYL1) and one metabolic enzyme (ALDOA) that were affected by both Farm and Transport/Lairage factors. ACTA1, LDB3, and FHL2 were affected by Farm factors, while TNNI2 and MYLPF (structural proteins), PKM (metabolic enzyme), and HSPB1 (small Heat shock protein) were affected by Transport/Lairage factors. Several correlations were found between the changing proteins (PKM, ALDOA, TNNI2, TNNT3, ACTA1, MYL1, and CRYAB) and color and tenderness beef quality traits, indicating their importance in the determination of meat quality and their possible use as putative biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sierra
- Área de Sistemas de Producción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, PK 19, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (V.S.); (L.G.-B.); (Y.D.); (F.D.); (M.J.G.-E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Laura González-Blanco
- Área de Sistemas de Producción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, PK 19, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (V.S.); (L.G.-B.); (Y.D.); (F.D.); (M.J.G.-E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Yolanda Diñeiro
- Área de Sistemas de Producción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, PK 19, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (V.S.); (L.G.-B.); (Y.D.); (F.D.); (M.J.G.-E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Fernando Díaz
- Área de Sistemas de Producción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, PK 19, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (V.S.); (L.G.-B.); (Y.D.); (F.D.); (M.J.G.-E.)
| | - María Josefa García-Espina
- Área de Sistemas de Producción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, PK 19, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (V.S.); (L.G.-B.); (Y.D.); (F.D.); (M.J.G.-E.)
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mohammed Gagaoua
- Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin 15, D15 KN3K Ashtown, Ireland
| | - Mamen Oliván
- Área de Sistemas de Producción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, PK 19, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (V.S.); (L.G.-B.); (Y.D.); (F.D.); (M.J.G.-E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
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13
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Lv J, Pan Z, Chen J, Xu R, Wang D, Huang J, Dong Y, Jiang J, Yin X, Cheng H, Guo X. Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals Downstream PKA Effectors of AKAP Cypher/ZASP in the Pathogenesis of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:753072. [PMID: 34966794 PMCID: PMC8710605 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure worldwide. The Z-line protein Cypher/Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ-motif protein (ZASP) is closely associated with DCM, both clinically and in animal models. Our earlier work revealed Cypher/ZASP as a PKA-anchoring protein (AKAP) that tethers PKA to phosphorylate target substrates. However, the downstream PKA effectors regulated by AKAP Cypher/ZASP and their relevance to DCM remain largely unknown.Methods and Results: For the identification of candidate PKA substrates, global quantitative phosphoproteomics was performed on cardiac tissue from wild-type and Cypher-knockout mice with PKA activation. A total of 216 phosphopeptides were differentially expressed in the Cypher-knockout mice; 31 phosphorylation sites were selected as candidates using the PKA consensus motifs. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that differentially expressed proteins were enriched mostly in cell adhesion and mRNA processing. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser675 was verified to be facilitated by Cypher. This phosphorylation promoted the transcriptional activity of β-catenin, and also the proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that Cypher colocalised with β-catenin in the intercalated discs (ICD) and altered the cytoplasmic distribution of β-catenin. Moreover, the phosphorylation of two other PKA substrates, vimentin Ser72 and troponin I Ser23/24, was suppressed by Cypher deletion.Conclusions: Cypher/ZASP plays an essential role in β-catenin activation via Ser675 phosphorylation, which modulates cardiomyocyte proliferation. Additionally, Cypher/ZASP regulates other PKA effectors, such as vimentin Ser72 and troponin I Ser23/24. These findings establish the AKAP Cypher/ZASP as a signalling hub in the progression of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialan Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongfei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongqiang Cheng
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Xiaogang Guo
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14
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Mechanobiology of muscle and myofibril morphogenesis. Cells Dev 2021; 168:203760. [PMID: 34863916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Muscles generate forces for animal locomotion. The contractile apparatus of muscles is the sarcomere, a highly regular array of large actin and myosin filaments linked by gigantic titin springs. During muscle development many sarcomeres assemble in series into long periodic myofibrils that mechanically connect the attached skeleton elements. Thus, ATP-driven myosin forces can power movement of the skeleton. Here we review muscle and myofibril morphogenesis, with a particular focus on their mechanobiology. We describe recent progress on the molecular structure of sarcomeres and their mechanical connections to the skeleton. We discuss current models predicting how tension coordinates the assembly of key sarcomeric components to periodic myofibrils that then further mature during development. This requires transcriptional feedback mechanisms that may help to coordinate myofibril assembly and maturation states with the transcriptional program. To fuel the varying energy demands of muscles we also discuss the close mechanical interactions of myofibrils with mitochondria and nuclei to optimally support powerful or enduring muscle fibers.
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15
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Filomena MC, Yamamoto DL, Carullo P, Medvedev R, Ghisleni A, Piroddi N, Scellini B, Crispino R, D'Autilia F, Zhang J, Felicetta A, Nemska S, Serio S, Tesi C, Catalucci D, Linke WA, Polishchuk R, Poggesi C, Gautel M, Bang ML. Myopalladin knockout mice develop cardiac dilation and show a maladaptive response to mechanical pressure overload. eLife 2021; 10:e58313. [PMID: 34558411 PMCID: PMC8547954 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopalladin (MYPN) is a striated muscle-specific immunoglobulin domain-containing protein located in the sarcomeric Z-line and I-band. MYPN gene mutations are causative for dilated (DCM), hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. In a yeast two-hybrid screening, MYPN was found to bind to titin in the Z-line, which was confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Cardiac analyses of MYPN knockout (MKO) mice showed the development of mild cardiac dilation and systolic dysfunction, associated with decreased myofibrillar isometric tension generation and increased resting tension at longer sarcomere lengths. MKO mice exhibited a normal hypertrophic response to transaortic constriction (TAC), but rapidly developed severe cardiac dilation and systolic dysfunction, associated with fibrosis, increased fetal gene expression, higher intercalated disc fold amplitude, decreased calsequestrin-2 protein levels, and increased desmoplakin and SORBS2 protein levels. Cardiomyocyte analyses showed delayed Ca2+ release and reuptake in unstressed MKO mice as well as reduced Ca2+ spark amplitude post-TAC, suggesting that altered Ca2+ handling may contribute to the development of DCM in MKO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmela Filomena
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - National Research Council (CNR), Milan unitMilanItaly
- IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Daniel L Yamamoto
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - National Research Council (CNR), Milan unitMilanItaly
| | - Pierluigi Carullo
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - National Research Council (CNR), Milan unitMilanItaly
- IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Roman Medvedev
- IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Andrea Ghisleni
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London BHF Centre of Research ExcellenceLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Nicoletta Piroddi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Beatrice Scellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Roberta Crispino
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
| | | | - Jianlin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Arianna Felicetta
- IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly
- Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly
| | | | | | - Chiara Tesi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | | | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University of MuensterMuensterGermany
| | - Roman Polishchuk
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
| | - Corrado Poggesi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Mathias Gautel
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London BHF Centre of Research ExcellenceLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - National Research Council (CNR), Milan unitMilanItaly
- IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly
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16
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Kwon HK, Choi H, Park SG, Park WJ, Kim, DH, Park ZY. Integrated Quantitative Phosphoproteomics and Cell-based Functional Screening Reveals Specific Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy-related Phosphorylation Sites. Mol Cells 2021; 44:500-516. [PMID: 34158421 PMCID: PMC8334354 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.4002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophic signaling cascades resulting in heart failure diseases are mediated by protein phosphorylation. Recent developments in mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics have led to the identification of thousands of differentially phosphorylated proteins and their phosphorylation sites. However, functional studies of these differentially phosphorylated proteins have not been conducted in a large-scale or high-throughput manner due to a lack of methods capable of revealing the functional relevance of each phosphorylation site. In this study, an integrated approach combining quantitative phosphoproteomics and cell-based functional screening using phosphorylation competition peptides was developed. A pathological cardiac hypertrophy model, junctate-1 transgenic mice and control mice, were analyzed using label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics to identify differentially phosphorylated proteins and sites. A cell-based functional assay system measuring hypertrophic cell growth of neonatal rat ventricle cardiomyocytes (NRVMs) following phenylephrine treatment was applied, and changes in phosphorylation of individual differentially phosphorylated sites were induced by incorporation of phosphorylation competition peptides conjugated with cell-penetrating peptides. Cell-based functional screening against 18 selected phosphorylation sites identified three phosphorylation sites (Ser-98, Ser-179 of Ldb3, and Ser-1146 of palladin) displaying near-complete inhibition of cardiac hypertrophic growth of NRVMs. Changes in phosphorylation levels of Ser-98 and Ser-179 in Ldb3 were further confirmed in NRVMs and other pathological/physiological hypertrophy models, including transverse aortic constriction and swimming models, using site-specific phospho-antibodies. Our integrated approach can be used to identify functionally important phosphorylation sites among differentially phosphorylated sites, and unlike conventional approaches, it is easily applicable for large-scale and/or high-throughput analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyeong Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sung-Gyoo Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Do Han Kim,
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
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17
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Pathak P, Blech-Hermoni Y, Subedi K, Mpamugo J, Obeng-Nyarko C, Ohman R, Molloy I, Kates M, Hale J, Stauffer S, Sharan SK, Mankodi A. Myopathy associated LDB3 mutation causes Z-disc disassembly and protein aggregation through PKCα and TSC2-mTOR downregulation. Commun Biol 2021; 4:355. [PMID: 33742095 PMCID: PMC7979776 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01864-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stress induced by contractions constantly threatens the integrity of muscle Z-disc, a crucial force-bearing structure in striated muscle. The PDZ-LIM proteins have been proposed to function as adaptors in transducing mechanical signals to preserve the Z-disc structure, however the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that LDB3, a well-characterized striated muscle PDZ-LIM protein, modulates mechanical stress signaling through interactions with the mechanosensing domain in filamin C, its chaperone HSPA8, and PKCα in the Z-disc of skeletal muscle. Studies of Ldb3Ala165Val/+ mice indicate that the myopathy-associated LDB3 p.Ala165Val mutation triggers early aggregation of filamin C and its chaperones at muscle Z-disc before aggregation of the mutant protein. The mutation causes protein aggregation and eventually Z-disc myofibrillar disruption by impairing PKCα and TSC2-mTOR, two important signaling pathways regulating protein stability and disposal of damaged cytoskeletal components at a major mechanosensor hub in the Z-disc of skeletal muscle.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Animals
- Autophagy
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Filamins/metabolism
- HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- LIM Domain Proteins/genetics
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscle Strength
- Muscle, Skeletal/enzymology
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/enzymology
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/genetics
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/pathology
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/physiopathology
- Point Mutation
- Protein Aggregates
- Protein Aggregation, Pathological
- Protein Kinase C-alpha/genetics
- Protein Kinase C-alpha/metabolism
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein/genetics
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Pathak
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yotam Blech-Hermoni
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kalpana Subedi
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Mpamugo
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charissa Obeng-Nyarko
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Ohman
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ilda Molloy
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Malcolm Kates
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Hale
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stacey Stauffer
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Shyam K Sharan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ami Mankodi
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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18
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The Role of Z-disc Proteins in Myopathy and Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063058. [PMID: 33802723 PMCID: PMC8002584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Z-disc acts as a protein-rich structure to tether thin filament in the contractile units, the sarcomeres, of striated muscle cells. Proteins found in the Z-disc are integral for maintaining the architecture of the sarcomere. They also enable it to function as a (bio-mechanical) signalling hub. Numerous proteins interact in the Z-disc to facilitate force transduction and intracellular signalling in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. This review will focus on six key Z-disc proteins: α-actinin 2, filamin C, myopalladin, myotilin, telethonin and Z-disc alternatively spliced PDZ-motif (ZASP), which have all been linked to myopathies and cardiomyopathies. We will summarise pathogenic variants identified in the six genes coding for these proteins and look at their involvement in myopathy and cardiomyopathy. Listing the Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) of these variants in the Genome Aggregation Database (GnomAD) version 3.1 will help to critically re-evaluate pathogenicity based on variant frequency in normal population cohorts.
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19
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Characterizing the actin-binding ability of Zasp52 and its contribution to myofibril assembly. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232137. [PMID: 32614896 PMCID: PMC7332060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In sarcomeres, α-actinin crosslinks thin filaments and anchors them at the Z-disc. Drosophila melanogaster Zasp52 also localizes at Z-discs and interacts with α-actinin via its extended PDZ domain, thereby contributing to myofibril assembly and maintenance, yet the detailed mechanism of Zasp52 function is unknown. Here we show a strong genetic interaction between actin and Zasp52 during indirect flight muscle assembly, indicating that this interaction plays a critical role during myofibril assembly. Our results suggest that Zasp52 contains an actin-binding site, which includes the extended PDZ domain and the ZM region. Zasp52 binds with micromolar affinity to monomeric actin. A co-sedimentation assay indicates that Zasp52 can also bind to F-actin. Finally, we use in vivo rescue assays of myofibril assembly to show that the α-actinin-binding domain of Zasp52 is not sufficient for a full rescue of Zasp52 mutants suggesting additional contributions of Zasp52 actin-binding to myofibril assembly.
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20
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González-Morales N, Xiao YS, Schilling MA, Marescal O, Liao KA, Schöck F. Myofibril diameter is set by a finely tuned mechanism of protein oligomerization in Drosophila. eLife 2019; 8:50496. [PMID: 31746737 PMCID: PMC6910826 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibrils are huge cytoskeletal assemblies embedded in the cytosol of muscle cells. They consist of arrays of sarcomeres, the smallest contractile unit of muscles. Within a muscle type, myofibril diameter is highly invariant and contributes to its physiological properties, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms setting myofibril diameter. Here we show that the PDZ and LIM domain protein Zasp, a structural component of Z-discs, mediates Z-disc and thereby myofibril growth through protein oligomerization. Oligomerization is induced by an interaction of its ZM domain with LIM domains. Oligomerization is terminated upon upregulation of shorter Zasp isoforms which lack LIM domains at later developmental stages. The balance between these two isoforms, which we call growing and blocking isoforms sets the stereotyped diameter of myofibrils. If blocking isoforms dominate, myofibrils become smaller. If growing isoforms dominate, myofibrils and Z-discs enlarge, eventually resulting in large pathological aggregates that disrupt muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Shu Xiao
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - Kuo An Liao
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frieder Schöck
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Ding J, Li F, Cong Y, Miao J, Wu D, Liu B, Wang L. Trichostatin A inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy induced by cigarette smoke exposure in mice. Life Sci 2019; 235:116800. [PMID: 31472151 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS It is well known that cigarette smoke (CS) is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accompanied by skeletal muscle atrophy. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) that remove acetyl groups from target proteins are necessary for the muscle atrophy associated with skeletal muscle disuse. However, the role of HDACs and trichostatin A (TSA), a HDAC inhibitor, in skeletal muscle atrophy caused by CS exposure remains poorly understood. MAIN METHODS Female mice were exposed to CS twice daily for 40 days and TSA injected intraperitoneally into CS-exposed mice on alternate days. Skeletal muscles were weighed and gastrocnemius (Gas) muscle histomorphology examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Histone deacetylases 1 and 2 (HDAC1/2), and markers of ubiquitin degradation, muscle differentiation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and the cytoskeletal proteins were assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry in Gas. KEYFINDINGS CS exposure decreased body and skeletal muscle weights and triggered an increase in the percentage of fiber with centralized nuclei in Gas. HDAC1/2 proteins were upregulated in the Gas of mice exposed to CS, while TSA effectively inhibited HDAC1/2 protein levels and attenuated the loss of body weight and skeletal muscle wet weight induced by CS exposure. Markers for ubiquitin degradation, muscle differentiation, cytoskeletal proteins, apoptosis and pyroptosis were all upregulated following CS exposure and effectively restored by TSA. SIGNIFICANCE TSA may inhibit skeletal muscle atrophy and histomorphological alterations induced by CS exposure by downregulating markers of ubiquitin degradation, muscle fiber differentiation, cytoskeletal proteins, apoptosis and pyroptosis via HDAC1/2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ding
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanfei Cong
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jianing Miao
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China.
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22
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González-Morales N, Marsh TW, Katzemich A, Marescal O, Xiao YS, Schöck F. Different Evolutionary Trajectories of Two Insect-Specific Paralogous Proteins Involved in Stabilizing Muscle Myofibrils. Genetics 2019; 212:743-755. [PMID: 31123042 PMCID: PMC6614898 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alp/Enigma family members have a unique PDZ domain followed by zero to four LIM domains, and are essential for myofibril assembly across all species analyzed so far. Drosophila melanogaster has three Alp/Enigma family members, Zasp52, Zasp66, and Zasp67. Ortholog search and phylogenetic tree analysis suggest that Zasp genes have a common ancestor, and that Zasp66 and Zasp67 arose by duplication in insects. While Zasp66 has a conserved domain structure across orthologs, Zasp67 domains and lengths are highly variable. In flies, Zasp67 appears to be expressed only in indirect flight muscles, where it colocalizes with Zasp52 at Z-discs. We generated a CRISPR null mutant of Zasp67, which is viable but flightless. We can rescue all phenotypes by re-expressing a Zasp67 transgene at endogenous levels. Zasp67 mutants show extended and broken Z-discs in adult flies, indicating that the protein helps stabilize the highly regular myofibrils of indirect flight muscles. In contrast, a Zasp66 CRISPR null mutant has limited viability, but only mild indirect flight muscle defects illustrating the diverging evolutionary paths these two paralogous genes have taken since they arose by duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas W Marsh
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Anja Katzemich
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Océane Marescal
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Yu Shu Xiao
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Frieder Schöck
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
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23
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Towbin JA, McKenna WJ, Abrams DJ, Ackerman MJ, Calkins H, Darrieux FCC, Daubert JP, de Chillou C, DePasquale EC, Desai MY, Estes NAM, Hua W, Indik JH, Ingles J, James CA, John RM, Judge DP, Keegan R, Krahn AD, Link MS, Marcus FI, McLeod CJ, Mestroni L, Priori SG, Saffitz JE, Sanatani S, Shimizu W, van Tintelen JP, Wilde AAM, Zareba W. 2019 HRS expert consensus statement on evaluation, risk stratification, and management of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Heart Rhythm 2019; 16:e301-e372. [PMID: 31078652 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an arrhythmogenic disorder of the myocardium not secondary to ischemic, hypertensive, or valvular heart disease. ACM incorporates a broad spectrum of genetic, systemic, infectious, and inflammatory disorders. This designation includes, but is not limited to, arrhythmogenic right/left ventricular cardiomyopathy, cardiac amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, Chagas disease, and left ventricular noncompaction. The ACM phenotype overlaps with other cardiomyopathies, particularly dilated cardiomyopathy with arrhythmia presentation that may be associated with ventricular dilatation and/or impaired systolic function. This expert consensus statement provides the clinician with guidance on evaluation and management of ACM and includes clinically relevant information on genetics and disease mechanisms. PICO questions were utilized to evaluate contemporary evidence and provide clinical guidance related to exercise in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Recommendations were developed and approved by an expert writing group, after a systematic literature search with evidence tables, and discussion of their own clinical experience, to present the current knowledge in the field. Each recommendation is presented using the Class of Recommendation and Level of Evidence system formulated by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association and is accompanied by references and explanatory text to provide essential context. The ongoing recognition of the genetic basis of ACM provides the opportunity to examine the diverse triggers and potential common pathway for the development of disease and arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Towbin
- Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - William J McKenna
- University College London, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - N A Mark Estes
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Hua
- Fu Wai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Julia H Indik
- University of Arizona, Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jodie Ingles
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Roy M John
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel P Judge
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Roberto Keegan
- Hospital Privado Del Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hospital Español, Bahia Blanca, Argentina
| | | | - Mark S Link
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Frank I Marcus
- University of Arizona, Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Luisa Mestroni
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Silvia G Priori
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart); ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Peter van Tintelen
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Utrecht University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Department of Genetics, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart); University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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24
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Alterations of protein expression of phospholamban, ZASP and plakoglobin in human atria in subgroups of seniors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5610. [PMID: 30948763 PMCID: PMC6449388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42141-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mature mammalian myocardium contains composite junctions (areae compositae) that comprise proteins of adherens junctions as well as desmosomes. Mutations or deficiency of many of these proteins are linked to heart failure and/or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in patients. We firstly wanted to address the question whether the expression of these proteins shows an age-dependent alteration in the atrium of the human heart. Right atrial biopsies, obtained from patients undergoing routine bypass surgery for coronary heart disease were subjected to immunohistology and/or western blotting for the plaque proteins plakoglobin (γ-catenin) and plakophilin 2. Moreover, the Z-band protein cypher 1 (Cypher/ZASP) and calcium handling proteins of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) like phospholamban, SERCA and calsequestrin were analyzed. We noted expression of plakoglobin, plakophilin 2 and Cypher/ZASP in these atrial preparations on western blotting and/or immunohistochemistry. There was an increase of Cypher/ZASP expression with age. The present data extend our knowledge on the expression of anchoring proteins and SR regulatory proteins in the atrium of the human heart and indicate an age-dependent variation in protein expression. It is tempting to speculate that increased expression of Cypher/ZASP may contribute to mechanical changes in the aging human myocardium.
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25
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Horsthemke M, Nutter LMJ, Bachg AC, Skryabin BV, Honnert U, Zobel T, Bogdan S, Stoll M, Seidl MD, Müller FU, Ravens U, Unger A, Linke WA, van Gorp PRR, de Vries AAF, Bähler M, Hanley PJ. A novel isoform of myosin 18A (Myo18Aγ) is an essential sarcomeric protein in mouse heart. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7202-7218. [PMID: 30737279 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas myosin 18B (Myo18B) is known to be a critical sarcomeric protein, the function of myosin 18A (Myo18A) is unclear, although it has been implicated in cell motility and Golgi shape. Here, we show that homozygous deletion (homozygous tm1a, tm1b, or tm1d alleles) of Myo18a in mouse is embryonic lethal. Reminiscent of Myo18b, Myo18a was highly expressed in the embryo heart, and cardiac-restricted Myo18a deletion in mice was embryonic lethal. Surprisingly, using Western blot analysis, we were unable to detect the known isoforms of Myo18A, Myo18Aα and Myo18Aβ, in mouse heart using a custom C-terminal antibody. However, alternative anti-Myo18A antibodies detected a larger than expected protein, and RNA-Seq analysis indicated that a novel Myo18A transcript is expressed in mouse ventricular myocytes (and human heart). Cloning and sequencing revealed that this cardiac isoform, denoted Myo18Aγ, lacks the PDZ-containing N terminus of Myo18Aα but includes an alternative N-terminal extension and a long serine-rich C terminus. EGFP-tagged Myo18Aγ expressed in ventricular myocytes localized to the level of A-bands in sarcomeres, and Myo18a knockout embryos at day 10.5 exhibited disorganized sarcomeres with wavy thick filaments. We additionally generated myeloid-restricted Myo18a knockout mice to investigate the role of Myo18A in nonmuscle cells, exemplified by macrophages, which express more Myo18Aβ than Myo18Aα, but no defects in cell shape, motility, or Golgi shape were detected. In summary, we have identified a previously unrecognized sarcomere component, a large novel isoform (denoted Myo18Aγ) of Myo18A. Thus, both members of class XVIII myosins are critical components of cardiac sarcomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauryl M J Nutter
- the Centre for Phenogenomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada
| | | | - Boris V Skryabin
- Department of Medicine, Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM)
| | | | - Thomas Zobel
- the Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Bogdan
- the Institut für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Abteilung Molekulare Zellphysiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias D Seidl
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank U Müller
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ursula Ravens
- the Institut für Experimentelle Kardiovaskuläre Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Unger
- the Institut für Physiologie II, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 27b, 48149 Münster, Germany, and
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- the Institut für Physiologie II, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 27b, 48149 Münster, Germany, and
| | - Pim R R van Gorp
- the Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine A F de Vries
- the Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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26
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Zahr HC, Jaalouk DE. Exploring the Crosstalk Between LMNA and Splicing Machinery Gene Mutations in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Front Genet 2018; 9:231. [PMID: 30050558 PMCID: PMC6052891 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene, which encodes for the nuclear lamina proteins lamins A and C, are responsible for a diverse group of diseases known as laminopathies. One type of laminopathy is Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), a heart muscle disease characterized by dilation of the left ventricle and impaired systolic function, often leading to heart failure and sudden cardiac death. LMNA is the second most commonly mutated gene in DCM. In addition to LMNA, mutations in more than 60 genes have been associated with DCM. The DCM-associated genes encode a variety of proteins including transcription factors, cytoskeletal, Ca2+-regulating, ion-channel, desmosomal, sarcomeric, and nuclear-membrane proteins. Another important category among DCM-causing genes emerged upon the identification of DCM-causing mutations in RNA binding motif protein 20 (RBM20), an alternative splicing factor that is chiefly expressed in the heart. In addition to RBM20, several essential splicing factors were validated, by employing mouse knock out models, to be embryonically lethal due to aberrant cardiogenesis. Furthermore, heart-specific deletion of some of these splicing factors was found to result in aberrant splicing of their targets and DCM development. In addition to splicing alterations, advances in next generation sequencing highlighted the association between splice-site mutations in several genes and DCM. This review summarizes LMNA mutations and splicing alterations in DCM and discusses how the interaction between LMNA and splicing regulators could possibly explain DCM disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana E. Jaalouk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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27
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Yu H, Yuan C, Westenbroek RE, Catterall WA. The AKAP Cypher/Zasp contributes to β-adrenergic/PKA stimulation of cardiac Ca V1.2 calcium channels. J Gen Physiol 2018; 150:883-889. [PMID: 29743299 PMCID: PMC5987873 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201711818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring proteins are required for β-adrenergic stimulation of L-type Ca2+ channels in cardiac myocytes, but the molecular species that is responsible for this regulation remains unknown. Yu et al. reveal that Cypher/Zasp is a key regulator of β-adrenergic regulation in cardiac myocytes. Stimulation of the L-type Ca2+ current conducted by CaV1.2 channels in cardiac myocytes by the β-adrenergic/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway requires anchoring of PKA to the CaV1.2 channel by an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP). However, the AKAP(s) responsible for regulation in vivo remain unknown. Here, we test the role of the AKAP Cypher/Zasp in β-adrenergic regulation of CaV1.2 channels using physiological studies of cardiac ventricular myocytes from young-adult mice lacking the long form of Cypher/Zasp (LCyphKO mice). These myocytes have increased protein levels of CaV1.2, PKA, and calcineurin. In contrast, the cell surface density of CaV1.2 channels and the basal Ca2+ current conducted by CaV1.2 channels are significantly reduced without substantial changes to kinetics or voltage dependence. β-adrenergic regulation of these L-type Ca2+ currents is also significantly reduced in myocytes from LCyphKO mice, whether calculated as a stimulation ratio or as net-stimulated Ca2+ current. At 100 nM isoproterenol, the net β-adrenergic–Ca2+ current conducted by CaV1.2 channels was reduced to 39 ± 12% of wild type. However, concentration–response curves for β-adrenergic stimulation of myocytes from LCyphKO mice have concentrations that give a half-maximal response similar to those for wild-type mice. These results identify Cypher/Zasp as an important AKAP for β-adrenergic regulation of cardiac CaV1.2 channels. Other AKAPs may work cooperatively with Cypher/Zasp to give the full magnitude of β-adrenergic regulation of CaV1.2 channels observed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Can Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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28
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Thomas JD, Oliveira R, Sznajder ŁJ, Swanson MS. Myotonic Dystrophy and Developmental Regulation of RNA Processing. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:509-553. [PMID: 29687899 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a multisystemic disorder caused by microsatellite expansion mutations in two unrelated genes leading to similar, yet distinct, diseases. DM disease presentation is highly variable and distinguished by differences in age-of-onset and symptom severity. In the most severe form, DM presents with congenital onset and profound developmental defects. At the molecular level, DM pathogenesis is characterized by a toxic RNA gain-of-function mechanism that involves the transcription of noncoding microsatellite expansions. These mutant RNAs disrupt key cellular pathways, including RNA processing, localization, and translation. In DM, these toxic RNA effects are predominantly mediated through the modulation of the muscleblind-like and CUGBP and ETR-3-like factor families of RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Dysfunction of these RBPs results in widespread RNA processing defects culminating in the expression of developmentally inappropriate protein isoforms in adult tissues. The tissue that is the focus of this review, skeletal muscle, is particularly sensitive to mutant RNA-responsive perturbations, as patients display a variety of developmental, structural, and functional defects in muscle. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of DM1 and DM2 clinical presentation and pathology as well as the underlying cellular and molecular defects associated with DM disease onset and progression. Additionally, fundamental aspects of skeletal muscle development altered in DM are highlighted together with ongoing and potential therapeutic avenues to treat this muscular dystrophy. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:509-553, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Thomas
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ruan Oliveira
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Łukasz J Sznajder
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maurice S Swanson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics and the Genetics Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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29
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Proteomics analysis identified peroxiredoxin 2 involved in early-phase left ventricular impairment in hamsters with cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192624. [PMID: 29438398 PMCID: PMC5810987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the hypothesis that inflammation plays a critical role in the progression of cardiovascular diseases, the aim of the present study was to identify new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of myocardial proteins involved in early-phase cardiac impairment, using proteomics analysis. Using the two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) combined with MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem mass spectrometry, we compared differences in the expression of proteins in the whole left ventricles between control hamsters, dilated cardiomyopathic hamsters (TO-2), and hypertrophy cardiomyopathic hamsters (Bio14.6) at 6 weeks of age (n = 6, each group). Proteomic analysis identified 10 protein spots with significant alterations, with 7 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated proteins in the left ventricles of both TO-2 and Bio 14.6 hamsters, compared with control hamsters. Of the total alterations, peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) showed significant upregulation in the left ventricles of TO-2 and Bio 14.6 hamsters. Our data suggest that PRDX2, a redox regulating molecule, is involved in early-phase left ventricular impairment in hamsters with cardiomyopathy.
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30
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Abstract
Muscle cells are designed to generate force and movement. There are three types of mammalian muscles-skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and move them relative to each other. Cardiac muscle comprises the heart, which pumps blood through the vasculature. Skeletal and cardiac muscles are known as striated muscles, because the filaments of actin and myosin that power their contraction are organized into repeating arrays, called sarcomeres, that have a striated microscopic appearance. Smooth muscle does not contain sarcomeres but uses the contraction of filaments of actin and myosin to constrict blood vessels and move the contents of hollow organs in the body. Here, we review the principal molecular organization of the three types of muscle and their contractile regulation through signaling mechanisms and discuss their major structural and functional similarities that hint at the possible evolutionary relationships between the cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee Sweeney
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and the Myology Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0267
| | - David W Hammers
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and the Myology Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0267
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31
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HSPB7 is indispensable for heart development by modulating actin filament assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:11956-11961. [PMID: 29078393 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1713763114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock protein HSPB7 is highly expressed in the heart. Several mutations within HSPB7 are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure in human patients. However, the precise role of HSPB7 in the heart is still unclear. In this study, we generated global as well as cardiac-specific HSPB7 KO mouse models and found that loss of HSPB7 globally or specifically in cardiomyocytes resulted in embryonic lethality before embryonic day 12.5. Using biochemical and cell culture assays, we identified HSPB7 as an actin filament length regulator that repressed actin polymerization by binding to monomeric actin. Consistent with HSPB7's inhibitory effects on actin polymerization, HSPB7 KO mice had longer actin/thin filaments and developed abnormal actin filament bundles within sarcomeres that interconnected Z lines and were cross-linked by α-actinin. In addition, loss of HSPB7 resulted in up-regulation of Lmod2 expression and mislocalization of Tmod1. Furthermore, crossing HSPB7 null mice into an Lmod2 null background rescued the elongated thin filament phenotype of HSPB7 KOs, but double KO mice still exhibited formation of abnormal actin bundles and early embryonic lethality. These in vivo findings indicated that abnormal actin bundles, not elongated thin filament length, were the cause of embryonic lethality in HSPB7 KOs. Our findings showed an unsuspected and critical role for a specific small heat shock protein in directly modulating actin thin filament length in cardiac muscle by binding monomeric actin and limiting its availability for polymerization.
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32
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Arbustini E, Favalli V, Narula N, Serio A, Grasso M. Left Ventricular Noncompaction: A Distinct Genetic Cardiomyopathy? J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 68:949-66. [PMID: 27561770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) describes a ventricular wall anatomy characterized by prominent left ventricular (LV) trabeculae, a thin compacted layer, and deep intertrabecular recesses. Individual variability is extreme, and trabeculae represent a sort of individual "cardioprinting." By itself, the diagnosis of LVNC does not coincide with that of a "cardiomyopathy" because it can be observed in healthy subjects with normal LV size and function, and it can be acquired and is reversible. Rarely, LVNC is intrinsically part of a cardiomyopathy; the paradigmatic examples are infantile tafazzinopathies. When associated with LV dilation and dysfunction, hypertrophy, or congenital heart disease, the genetic cause may overlap. The prevalence of LVNC in healthy athletes, its possible reversibility, and increasing diagnosis in healthy subjects suggests cautious use of the term LVNC cardiomyopathy, which describes the morphology but not the functional profile of the cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Arbustini
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Favalli
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nupoor Narula
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alessandra Serio
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizia Grasso
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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33
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Abstract
Cardiac and skeletal striated muscles are intricately designed machines responsible for muscle contraction. Coordination of the basic contractile unit, the sarcomere, and the complex cytoskeletal networks are critical for contractile activity. The sarcomere is comprised of precisely organized individual filament systems that include thin (actin), thick (myosin), titin, and nebulin. Connecting the sarcomere to other organelles (e.g., mitochondria and nucleus) and serving as the scaffold to maintain cellular integrity are the intermediate filaments. The costamere, on the other hand, tethers the sarcomere to the cell membrane. Unique structures like the intercalated disc in cardiac muscle and the myotendinous junction in skeletal muscle help synchronize and transmit force. Intense investigation has been done on many of the proteins that make up these cytoskeletal assemblies. Yet the details of their function and how they interconnect have just started to be elucidated. A vast number of human myopathies are contributed to mutations in muscle proteins; thus understanding their basic function provides a mechanistic understanding of muscle disorders. In this review, we highlight the components of striated muscle with respect to their interactions, signaling pathways, functions, and connections to disease. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:891-944, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Henderson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher G Gomez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Stefanie M Novak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Lei Mi-Mi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Carol C Gregorio
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Watts NR, Zhuang X, Kaufman JD, Palmer IW, Dearborn AD, Coscia S, Blech-Hermoni Y, Alfano C, Pastore A, Mankodi A, Wingfield PT. Expression and Purification of ZASP Subdomains and Clinically Important Isoforms: High-Affinity Binding to G-Actin. Biochemistry 2017; 56:2061-2070. [PMID: 28349680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Z-disc-associated, alternatively spliced, PDZ motif-containing protein (ZASP) is a principal component of the sarcomere. The three prevalent isoforms of ZASP in skeletal muscle are generated by alternative splicing of exons 9 and 10. The long isoforms, either having (ZASP-L) or lacking exon 10 (ZASP-LΔex10), include an N-terminal PDZ domain, an actin-binding region (ABR) with a conserved motif (ZM), and three C-terminal LIM domains. The short isoform (ZASP-S) lacks the LIM domains. Mutations, A147T and A165V, within the ZM of ZASP-LΔex10 cause myofibrillar myopathy, but the mechanism is unknown. We have prepared these proteins, their ABR, and the respective mutant variants in recombinant form, characterized them biophysically, and analyzed their actin-binding properties by surface plasmon resonance and electron microscopy. All the proteins were physically homogeneous and monomeric and had circular dichroic spectra consistent with partially folded conformations. Comparison of the NMR HSQC spectra of ZASP-S and the PDZ domain showed that the ABR is unstructured. ZASP-S and its mutant variants and ZASP-LΔex10 all bound to immobilized G-actin with high affinity (Kd ≈ 10-8 to 10-9 M). Constructs of the isolated actin-binding region missing exon 10 (ABRΔ10) bound with lower affinity (Kd ≈ 10-7 M), but those retaining exon 10 (ABR+10) did so only weakly (Kd ≈ 10-5 M). ZASP-S, and the ABRΔ10, also induced F-actin and array formation, even in conditions of low ionic strength and in the absence of KCl and Mg2+ ions. Interestingly, the ZM mutations A147T and A165V did not affect any of the results described above.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Caterina Alfano
- Department of Clinical and Basic Neuroscience, King's College London , London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Pastore
- Department of Clinical and Basic Neuroscience, King's College London , London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
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Dong X, Fan P, Tian T, Yang Y, Xiao Y, Yang K, Liu Y, Zhou X. Recent advancements in the molecular genetics of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 465:40-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias can follow disruption of the normal cellular electrophysiological processes underlying excitable activity and their tissue propagation as coherent wavefronts from the primary sinoatrial node pacemaker, through the atria, conducting structures and ventricular myocardium. These physiological events are driven by interacting, voltage-dependent, processes of activation, inactivation, and recovery in the ion channels present in cardiomyocyte membranes. Generation and conduction of these events are further modulated by intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and metabolic and structural change. This review describes experimental studies on murine models for known clinical arrhythmic conditions in which these mechanisms were modified by genetic, physiological, or pharmacological manipulation. These exemplars yielded molecular, physiological, and structural phenotypes often directly translatable to their corresponding clinical conditions, which could be investigated at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and whole animal levels. Arrhythmogenesis could be explored during normal pacing activity, regular stimulation, following imposed extra-stimuli, or during progressively incremented steady pacing frequencies. Arrhythmic substrate was identified with temporal and spatial functional heterogeneities predisposing to reentrant excitation phenomena. These could arise from abnormalities in cardiac pacing function, tissue electrical connectivity, and cellular excitation and recovery. Triggering events during or following recovery from action potential excitation could thereby lead to sustained arrhythmia. These surface membrane processes were modified by alterations in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and energetics, as well as cellular and tissue structural change. Study of murine systems thus offers major insights into both our understanding of normal cardiac activity and its propagation, and their relationship to mechanisms generating clinical arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L-H Huang
- Physiological Laboratory and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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37
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Brunet T, Fischer AH, Steinmetz PR, Lauri A, Bertucci P, Arendt D. The evolutionary origin of bilaterian smooth and striated myocytes. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27906129 PMCID: PMC5167519 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The dichotomy between smooth and striated myocytes is fundamental for bilaterian musculature, but its evolutionary origin is unsolved. In particular, interrelationships of visceral smooth muscles remain unclear. Absent in fly and nematode, they have not yet been characterized molecularly outside vertebrates. Here, we characterize expression profile, ultrastructure, contractility and innervation of the musculature in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii and identify smooth muscles around the midgut, hindgut and heart that resemble their vertebrate counterparts in molecular fingerprint, contraction speed and nervous control. Our data suggest that both visceral smooth and somatic striated myocytes were present in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor and that smooth myocytes later co-opted the striated contractile module repeatedly – for example, in vertebrate heart evolution. During these smooth-to-striated myocyte conversions, the core regulatory complex of transcription factors conveying myocyte identity remained unchanged, reflecting a general principle in cell type evolution. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19607.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Brunet
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Hl Fischer
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Rh Steinmetz
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonella Lauri
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paola Bertucci
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Detlev Arendt
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhu C, Chen Z, Guo W. Pre-mRNA mis-splicing of sarcomeric genes in heart failure. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:2056-2063. [PMID: 27825848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing is an important biological process that allows production of multiple proteins from a single gene in the genome, and mainly contributes to protein diversity in eukaryotic organisms. Alternative splicing is commonly governed by RNA binding proteins to meet the ever-changing demands of the cell. However, the mis-splicing may lead to human diseases. In the heart of human, mis-regulation of alternative splicing has been associated with heart failure. In this short review, we focus on alternative splicing of sarcomeric genes and review mis-splicing related heart failure with relatively well studied Sarcomeric genes and splicing mechanisms with identified regulatory factors. The perspective of alternative splicing based therapeutic strategies in heart failure has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Zhu
- Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Zhilong Chen
- Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Pdlim7 Regulates Arf6-Dependent Actin Dynamics and Is Required for Platelet-Mediated Thrombosis in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164042. [PMID: 27792740 PMCID: PMC5085081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon vessel injury, platelets become activated and rapidly reorganize their actin cytoskeleton to adhere to the site of endothelial damage, triggering the formation of a fibrin-rich plug to prevent further blood loss. Inactivation of Pdlim7 provides the new perspective that regulation of actin cytoskeletal changes in platelets is dependent on the encoded PDZ-LIM protein. Loss-of-function of Pdlim7 triggers hypercoagulopathy and causes significant perinatal lethality in mice. Our in vivo and in vitro studies reveal that Pdlim7 is dynamically distributed along actin fibers, and lack of Pdlim7 leads to a marked inability to rearrange the actin cytoskeleton. Specifically, the absence of Pdlim7 prevents platelets from bundling actin fibers into a concentric ring that defines the round spread shape of activated platelets. Similarly, in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, loss of Pdlim7 abolishes the formation of stress fibers needed to adopt the typical elongated fibroblast shape. In addition to revealing a fundamental cell biological role in actin cytoskeletal organization, we also demonstrate a function of Pdlim7 in regulating the cycling between the GTP/GDP-bound states of Arf6. The small GTPase Arf6 is an essential factor required for actin dynamics, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and platelet activation. Consistent with our findings of significantly elevated initial F-actin ratios and subsequent morphological aberrations, loss of Pdlim7 causes a shift in balance towards an increased Arf6-GTP level in resting platelets. These findings identify a new Pdlim7-Arf6 axis controlling actin dynamics and implicate Pdlim7 as a primary endogenous regulator of platelet-dependent hemostasis.
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40
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Liao KA, González-Morales N, Schöck F. Zasp52, a Core Z-disc Protein in Drosophila Indirect Flight Muscles, Interacts with α-Actinin via an Extended PDZ Domain. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006400. [PMID: 27783625 PMCID: PMC5081203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Z-discs are organizing centers that establish and maintain myofibril structure and function. Important Z-disc proteins are α-actinin, which cross-links actin thin filaments at the Z-disc and Zasp PDZ domain proteins, which directly interact with α-actinin. Here we investigate the biochemical and genetic nature of this interaction in more detail. Zasp52 is the major Drosophila Zasp PDZ domain protein, and is required for myofibril assembly and maintenance. We show by in vitro biochemistry that the PDZ domain plus a C-terminal extension is the only area of Zasp52 involved in the interaction with α-actinin. In addition, site-directed mutagenesis of 5 amino acid residues in the N-terminal part of the PDZ domain, within the PWGFRL motif, abolish binding to α-actinin, demonstrating the importance of this motif for α-actinin binding. Rescue assays of a novel Zasp52 allele demonstrate the crucial importance of the PDZ domain for Zasp52 function. Flight assays also show that a Zasp52 mutant suppresses the α-actinin mutant phenotype, indicating that both proteins are core structural Z-disc proteins required for optimal Z-disc function. Although Zasp PDZ domain proteins are known to bind α-actinin and play a role in muscle assembly and maintenance, the details and importance of this interaction have not been assessed. Here we demonstrate that a conserved motif in the N-terminal part of the Zasp52 PDZ domain is responsible for α-actinin binding and that a C-terminal extension of the PDZ domain is required for optimal α-actinin binding. We show using transgenic animals that in the absence of the PDZ domain no aspect of myofibril assembly can be rescued. Intriguingly, α-actinin/+ heterozygous animals show irregularities in wing beat frequency, which can be suppressed by removing one copy of Zasp52. This suggests that both proteins are required at fixed levels at the Z-disc to support optimal functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo An Liao
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA
| | | | - Frieder Schöck
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA
- * E-mail:
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41
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Ducuing A, Vincent S. The actin cable is dispensable in directing dorsal closure dynamics but neutralizes mechanical stress to prevent scarring in the Drosophila embryo. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:1149-1160. [DOI: 10.1038/ncb3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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42
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Hachiya A, Motoki N, Akazawa Y, Matsuzaki S, Hirono K, Hata Y, Nishida N, Ichida F, Koike K. Left ventricular non-compaction revealed by aortic regurgitation due to Kawasaki disease in a boy with LDB3 mutation. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:797-800. [PMID: 27553890 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness of childhood characterized by systemic vasculitis, especially coronary arteritis. Aortic valve regurgitation (AVR) is a relatively common complication. There have been no reports to date of heart failure and left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) after acute KD, although the precise etiology of this condition remains unclear. A 6-month-old boy with KD was admitted to hospital. Despite high-dose i.v. gammaglobulin for dilation of the coronary artery, moderate AVR appeared, and thereafter he developed heart failure. A rough, dense LV myocardium indicated LVNC. On genetic testing a heterogenous 163G > A substitution changing a valine to isoleucine in LIM domain binding protein 3 (LDB3) was identified. Additional cardiac stress, such as that caused by AVR and/or KD might have triggered cardiac failure in the form of LVNC due to LDB3 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Hachiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Motoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Akazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsuzaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hirono
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyama University School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hata
- Legal Medicine, Toyama University School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naoki Nishida
- Legal Medicine, Toyama University School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Fukiko Ichida
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyama University School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Koike
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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43
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Bang ML. Animal Models of Congenital Cardiomyopathies Associated With Mutations in Z-Line Proteins. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:38-52. [PMID: 27171814 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The cardiac Z-line at the boundary between sarcomeres is a multiprotein complex connecting the contractile apparatus with the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. The Z-line is important for efficient force generation and transmission as well as the maintenance of structural stability and integrity. Furthermore, it is a nodal point for intracellular signaling, in particular mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Mutations in various genes encoding Z-line proteins have been associated with different cardiomyopathies, including dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular noncompaction, and mutations even within the same gene can cause widely different pathologies. Animal models have contributed to a great advancement in the understanding of the physiological function of Z-line proteins and the pathways leading from mutations in Z-line proteins to cardiomyopathy, although genotype-phenotype prediction remains a great challenge. This review presents an overview of the currently available animal models for Z-line and Z-line associated proteins involved in human cardiomyopathies with special emphasis on knock-in and transgenic mouse models recapitulating the clinical phenotypes of human cardiomyopathy patients carrying mutations in Z-line proteins. Pros and cons of mouse models will be discussed and a future outlook will be given. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 38-52, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UOS Milan, National Research Council and Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
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44
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Wilsbacher L, McNally EM. Genetics of Cardiac Developmental Disorders: Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Growth and Relevance to Heart Failure. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 11:395-419. [PMID: 26925501 PMCID: PMC8978617 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac developmental disorders represent the most common of human birth defects, and anomalies in cardiomyocyte proliferation drive many of these disorders. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms of prenatal cardiac growth. Trabeculation represents the initial ventricular growth phase and is necessary for embryonic survival. Later in development, the bulk of the ventricular wall derives from the compaction process, yet the arrest of this process can still be compatible with life. Cardiomyocyte proliferation and growth form the basis of both trabeculation and compaction, and mouse models indicate that cardiomyocyte interactions with the surrounding environment are critical for these proliferative processes. The human genetics of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy suggest that cardiomyocyte cell-autonomous mechanisms contribute to the compaction process. Understanding the determinants of prenatal or early postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and growth provides critical information that identifies risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure and its associated complications of arrhythmias and thromboembolic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wilsbacher
- Department of Medicine, Center for Genetic Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611; ,
| | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Department of Medicine, Center for Genetic Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611; ,
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45
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Nakatani M, Ito J, Koyama R, Iijima M, Yoshimoto N, Niimi T, Kuroda S, Maturana AD. Scaffold protein enigma homolog 1 overcomes the repression of myogenesis activation by inhibitor of DNA binding 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:413-420. [PMID: 27114303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Enigma Homolog 1 (ENH1) is a scaffold protein for signaling proteins and transcription factors. Previously, we reported that ENH1 overexpression promotes the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of ENH1 in the C2C12 cells differentiation remains elusive. ENH1 was shown to inhibit the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells by sequestering Inhibitor of DNA binding protein 2 (Id2) in the cytosol. Id2 is a repressor of basic Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factors activity and prevents myogenesis. Here, we found that ENH1 overcome the Id2 repression of C2C12 cells myogenic differentiation and that ENH1 overexpression promotes mice satellite cells activation, the first step toward myogenic differentiation. In addition, we show that ENH1 interacted with Id2 in C2C12 cells and mice satellite cells. Collectively, our results suggest that ENH1 plays an important role in the activation of myogenesis through the repression of Id2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Nakatani
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Riko Koyama
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan
| | - Masumi Iijima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yoshimoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Niimi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan
| | - Shun'ichi Kuroda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan; The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Andrés D Maturana
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan.
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46
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Ruparelia AA, Oorschot V, Ramm G, Bryson-Richardson RJ. FLNC myofibrillar myopathy results from impaired autophagy and protein insufficiency. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:2131-2142. [PMID: 26969713 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathy is a progressive muscle disease characterized by the disintegration of muscle fibers and formation of protein aggregates. Causative mutations have been identified in nine genes encoding Z-disk proteins, including the actin binding protein filamin C (FLNC). To investigate the mechanism of disease in FLNCW2710X myopathy we overexpressed fluorescently tagged FLNC or FLNCW2710X in zebrafish. Expression of FLNCW2710X causes formation of protein aggregates but surprisingly, our studies reveal that the mutant protein localizes correctly to the Z-disk and is capable of rescuing the fiber disintegration phenotype that results from FLNC knockdown. This demonstrates that the functions necessary for muscle integrity are not impaired, and suggests that it is the formation of protein aggregates and subsequent sequestration of FLNC away from the Z-disk that results in myofibrillar disintegration. Similar to those found in patients, the aggregates in FLNCW2710X expressing fish contain the co-chaperone BAG3. FLNC is a target of the BAG3-mediated chaperone assisted selective autophagy (CASA) pathway and therefore we investigated its role, and the role of autophagy in general, in clearing protein aggregates. We reveal that despite BAG3 recruitment to the aggregates they are not degraded via CASA. Additionally, recruitment of BAG3 is sufficient to block alternative autophagy pathways which would otherwise clear the aggregates. This blockage can be relieved by reducing BAG3 levels or by stimulating autophagy. This study therefore identifies both BAG3 reduction and autophagy promotion as potential therapies for FLNCW2710X myofibrillar myopathy, and identifies protein insufficiency due to sequestration, compounded by impaired autophagy, as the cause.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viola Oorschot
- The Clive and Vera Ramaciotti Centre for Structural Cryo-Electron Microscopy and and
| | - Georg Ramm
- The Clive and Vera Ramaciotti Centre for Structural Cryo-Electron Microscopy and and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
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47
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Brody MJ, Feng L, Grimes AC, Hacker TA, Olson TM, Kamp TJ, Balijepalli RC, Lee Y. LRRC10 is required to maintain cardiac function in response to pressure overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 310:H269-78. [PMID: 26608339 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00717.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that the cardiomyocyte-specific leucine-rich repeat containing protein (LRRC)10 has critical functions in the mammalian heart. In the present study, we tested the role of LRRC10 in the response of the heart to biomechanical stress by performing transverse aortic constriction on Lrrc10-null (Lrrc10(-/-)) mice. Mild pressure overload induced severe cardiac dysfunction and ventricular dilation in Lrrc10(-/-) mice compared with control mice. In addition to dilation and cardiomyopathy, Lrrc10(-/-) mice showed a pronounced increase in heart weight with pressure overload stimulation and a more dramatic loss of cardiac ventricular performance, collectively suggesting that the absence of LRRC10 renders the heart more disease prone with greater hypertrophy and structural remodeling, although rates of cardiac fibrosis and myocyte dropout were not different from control mice. Lrrc10(-/-) cardiomyocytes also exhibited reduced contractility in response to β-adrenergic stimulation, consistent with loss of cardiac ventricular performance after pressure overload. We have previously shown that LRRC10 interacts with actin in the heart. Here, we show that His(150) of LRRC10 was required for an interaction with actin, and this interaction was reduced after pressure overload, suggesting an integral role for LRRC10 in the response of the heart to mechanical stress. Importantly, these experiments demonstrated that LRRC10 is required to maintain cardiac performance in response to pressure overload and suggest that dysregulated expression or mutation of LRRC10 may greatly sensitize human patients to more severe cardiac disease in conditions such as chronic hypertension or aortic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Brody
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Adrian C Grimes
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Timothy M Olson
- Cardiovascular Genetics Research Laboratory and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Timothy J Kamp
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Ravi C Balijepalli
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Youngsook Lee
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin;
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48
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D117N in Cypher/ZASP may not be a causative mutation for dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmias. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 24:666-71. [PMID: 26419279 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are important causes of congestive heart failure, heart transplantation, and sudden cardiac death in young patients. Cypher/ZASP is a cytoskeletal protein localized in the sarcomeric Z-line that has a pivotal role in maintaining adult cardiac structure and function. The putative mutation p.(D117N) in Cypher/ZASP has been suggested to cause systolic dysfunction, dilated left ventricle with hypertrabeculated myocardium, and intraventricular conduction disturbance, based on two reported sporadic cases. In two unrelated Bedouin families, one with pediatric DCM and the other with DCM and ventricular arrhythmias at young adulthood searching for the causative mutation by exome sequencing we identified the p.(D117N) variant in Cypher/ZASP. However, p.(D117N) did not segregate as the causative mutation in these families, i.e. it was not present in some patients and was found in several individuals who had no clinical manifestations. Furthermore, the carrier frequency in the Bedouin population of origin is estimated to be 5.2%, which is much higher than the incidence of idiopathic DCM in this population. Thus, our data support the notion that the p.(D117N) variant in Cypher/ZASP is not a causative mutation in the families tested by us. The results also indicates that at least in some cases, the p.(D117N) in Cypher/ZASP is not a causative mutation and the role of D117N in Cypher/ZASP in cardiac pathologies should be further clarified and re-evaluated.
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Qi L, Yu Y, Chi X, Xu W, Lu D, Song Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Kindlin-2 interacts with α-actinin-2 and β1 integrin to maintain the integrity of the Z-disc in cardiac muscles. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2155-62. [PMID: 26143257 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Kindlin-2, as an integrin-interacting protein, was known to be required for the maintenance of cardiac structure and function in zebrafish. However, the mechanism remains unclear. We found that Kindlin-2 interacts and colocalizes with α-actinin-2 at the Z-disc of mouse cardiac muscles and there Kindlin-2 also interacts with β1 integrin. Knockdown of Kindlin-2 influences the association of β1 integrin with α-actinin-2 and disrupts the structure of the Z-disc and leads to cardiac dysfunction. Our data indicated that Kindlin-2 is a novel α-actinin-2-interacting protein and plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaochun Chi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weizhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Danyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yao Song
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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50
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Bührdel JB, Hirth S, Kessler M, Westphal S, Forster M, Manta L, Wiche G, Schoser B, Schessl J, Schröder R, Clemen CS, Eichinger L, Fürst DO, van der Ven PFM, Rottbauer W, Just S. In vivo characterization of human myofibrillar myopathy genes in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:217-23. [PMID: 25866181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are progressive diseases of human heart and skeletal muscle with a severe impact on life quality and expectancy of affected patients. Although recently several disease genes for myofibrillar myopathies could be identified, today most genetic causes and particularly the associated mechanisms and signaling events that lead from the mutation to the disease phenotype are still mostly unknown. To assess whether the zebrafish is a suitable model system to validate MFM candidate genes using targeted antisense-mediated knock-down strategies, we here specifically inactivated known human MFM disease genes and evaluated the resulting muscular and cardiac phenotypes functionally and structurally. Consistently, targeted ablation of MFM genes in zebrafish led to compromised skeletal muscle function mostly due to myofibrillar degeneration as well as severe heart failure. Similar to what was shown in MFM patients, MFM gene-deficient zebrafish showed pronounced gene-specific phenotypic and structural differences. In summary, our results indicate that the zebrafish is a suitable model to functionally and structurally evaluate novel MFM disease genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Bührdel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sofia Hirth
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mirjam Kessler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sören Westphal
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Monika Forster
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Linda Manta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Schessl
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute for Biochemistry I, University of Cologne, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- Institute for Biochemistry I, University of Cologne, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Steffen Just
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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