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Glaser KM, Doon-Ralls J, Walters N, Rima XY, Rambold AS, Réategui E, Lämmermann T. Arp2/3 complex and the pentose phosphate pathway regulate late phases of neutrophil swarming. iScience 2024; 27:108656. [PMID: 38205244 PMCID: PMC10777075 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil swarming is an essential process of the neutrophil response to many pathological conditions. Resultant neutrophil accumulations are hallmarks of acute tissue inflammation and infection, but little is known about their dynamic regulation. Technical limitations to spatiotemporally resolve individual cells in dense neutrophil clusters and manipulate these clusters in situ have hampered recent progress. We here adapted an in vitro swarming-on-a-chip platform for the use with confocal laser-scanning microscopy to unravel the complexity of single-cell responses during neutrophil crowding. Confocal sectioning allowed the live visualization of subcellular components, including mitochondria, cell membranes, cortical actin, and phagocytic cups, inside neutrophil clusters. Based on this experimental setup, we identify that chemical inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex causes cell death in crowding neutrophils. By visualizing spatiotemporal patterns of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in developing neutrophil swarms, we further demonstrate a regulatory role of the metabolic pentose phosphate pathway for ROS production and neutrophil cluster growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M. Glaser
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jacob Doon-Ralls
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Walters
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xilal Y. Rima
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Angelika S. Rambold
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo Réategui
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tim Lämmermann
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Mynar ER, Kinahan MW, Thali M, Symeonides M. Migrate3D: Software for simplified post-tracking analysis of 3D and 2D cell migration data. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-2451513. [PMID: 36711888 PMCID: PMC9882690 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2451513/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Migrate3D is a cell migration analysis tool whose purpose is to computationally process positional cell tracking data generated via other image acquisition/analysis software and generate biologically meaningful results. The functionalities of Migrate3D include step-based calculations of each cell track, single-cell-level summary statistics, mean squared displacement analysis, and machine learning-based evaluation of the entire dataset and subpopulations of cells found within it. The parameters calculated within Migrate3D have been previously developed and validated by other groups, and were selected to facilitate extraction of the maximum depth of information possible from input datasets. Variables are user-adjustable to enable customized analyses of diverse motility patterns and cell types, both in three-and two-dimensional timelapse data. Independent of any particular upstream image analysis or cell tracking software, Migrate3D only needs positional data over time to execute the suite of calculations. This presents a unique opportunity to standardize and streamline cell migration analysis.
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Ovadia S, Özcan A, Hidalgo A. The circadian neutrophil, inside-out. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 113:555-566. [PMID: 36999376 PMCID: PMC10583762 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock has sway on a myriad of physiological targets, among which the immune and inflammatory systems are particularly prominent. In this review, we discuss how neutrophils, the wildcard of the immune system, are regulated by circadian oscillations. We describe cell-intrinsic and extrinsic diurnal mechanisms governing the general physiology and function of these cells, from purely immune to homeostatic. Repurposing the concepts discovered in other cell types, we then speculate on various uncharted avenues of neutrophil-circadian relationships, such as topology, metabolism, and the regulation of tissue clocks, with the hope of identifying exciting new avenues of work in the context of circadian immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ovadia
- Department of Immunobiology and Program of Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Alaz Özcan
- Department of Immunobiology and Program of Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Department of Immunobiology and Program of Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
- Program of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
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Schrope JH, Huttenlocher A. The cell's dilemma: resolving directional decisions. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:324-325. [PMID: 37029072 PMCID: PMC10567577 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
How neutrophils make decisions about polarity and migration path in complex tissue environments in situ remains unclear. Hadjitheodorou et al. describe how an internal mechanical regulator might help cells resolve the dilemma of two competing cell fronts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Schrope
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Hadjitheodorou A, Bell GRR, Ellett F, Irimia D, Tibshirani R, Collins SR, Theriot JA. Leading edge competition promotes context-dependent responses to receptor inputs to resolve directional dilemmas in neutrophil migration. Cell Syst 2023; 14:196-209.e6. [PMID: 36827986 PMCID: PMC10150694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining persistent migration in complex environments is critical for neutrophils to reach infection sites. Neutrophils avoid getting trapped, even when obstacles split their front into multiple leading edges. How they re-establish polarity to move productively while incorporating receptor inputs under such conditions remains unclear. Here, we challenge chemotaxing HL60 neutrophil-like cells with symmetric bifurcating microfluidic channels to probe cell-intrinsic processes during the resolution of competing fronts. Using supervised statistical learning, we demonstrate that cells commit to one leading edge late in the process, rather than amplifying structural asymmetries or early fluctuations. Using optogenetic tools, we show that receptor inputs only bias the decision similarly late, once mechanical stretching begins to weaken each front. Finally, a retracting edge commits to retraction, with ROCK limiting sensitivity to receptor inputs until the retraction completes. Collectively, our results suggest that cell edges locally adopt highly stable protrusion/retraction programs that are modulated by mechanical feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Hadjitheodorou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - George R R Bell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Felix Ellett
- Department of Surgery, BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Department of Surgery, BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Tibshirani
- Department of Statistics and Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean R Collins
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Julie A Theriot
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Lin B, Ma J, Fang Y, Lei P, Wang L, Qu L, Wu W, Jin L, Sun D. Advances in Zebrafish for Diabetes Mellitus with Wound Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030330. [PMID: 36978721 PMCID: PMC10044998 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers cause great suffering and are costly for the healthcare system. Normal wound healing involves hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. However, the negative factors associated with diabetes, such as bacterial biofilms, persistent inflammation, impaired angiogenesis, inhibited cell proliferation, and pathological scarring, greatly interfere with the smooth progress of the entire healing process. It is this impaired wound healing that leads to diabetic foot ulcers and even amputations. Therefore, drug screening is challenging due to the complexity of damaged healing mechanisms. The establishment of a scientific and reasonable animal experimental model contributes significantly to the in-depth research of diabetic wound pathology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. In addition to the low cost and transparency of the embryo (for imaging transgene applications), zebrafish have a discrete wound healing process for the separate study of each stage, resulting in their potential as the ideal model animal for diabetic wound healing in the future. In this review, we examine the reasons behind the delayed healing of diabetic wounds, systematically review various studies using zebrafish as a diabetic wound model by different induction methods, as well as summarize the challenges and improvement strategies which provide references for establishing a more reasonable diabetic wound zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangchang Lin
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yimeng Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Linkai Qu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Wenzhou City and WenZhouOuTai Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd. Joint Doctoral Innovation Station, Wenzhou Association for Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.J.); (D.S.)
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Stopp J, Sixt M. Plan your trip before you leave: The neutrophils' search-and-run journey. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202206127. [PMID: 35856919 PMCID: PMC9351625 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202206127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Reading, interpreting and crawling along gradients of chemotactic cues is one of the most complex questions in cell biology. In this issue, Georgantzoglou et al. (2022. J. Cell. Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202103207) use in vivo models to map the temporal sequence of how neutrophils respond to an acutely arising gradient of chemoattractant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Sixt
- ISTA, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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