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Thambyrajah R, Maqueda M, Neo WH, Imbach K, Guillén Y, Grases D, Fadlullah Z, Gambera S, Matteini F, Wang X, Calero-Nieto FJ, Esteller M, Florian MC, Porta E, Benedito R, Göttgens B, Lacaud G, Espinosa L, Bigas A. Cis inhibition of NOTCH1 through JAGGED1 sustains embryonic hematopoietic stem cell fate. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1604. [PMID: 38383534 PMCID: PMC10882055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from the hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the aorta- gonads-and mesonephros (AGM) region and reside within Intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters (IAHC) along with hematopoietic progenitors (HPC). The signalling mechanisms that distinguish HSCs from HPCs are unknown. Notch signaling is essential for arterial specification, IAHC formation and HSC activity, but current studies on how Notch segregates these different fates are inconsistent. We now demonstrate that Notch activity is highest in a subset of, GFI1 + , HSC-primed HE cells, and is gradually lost with HSC maturation. We uncover that the HSC phenotype is maintained due to increasing levels of NOTCH1 and JAG1 interactions on the surface of the same cell (cis) that renders the NOTCH1 receptor from being activated. Forced activation of the NOTCH1 receptor in IAHC activates a hematopoietic differentiation program. Our results indicate that NOTCH1-JAG1 cis-inhibition preserves the HSC phenotype in the hematopoietic clusters of the embryonic aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Thambyrajah
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Maqueda
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wen Hao Neo
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kathleen Imbach
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Guillén
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniela Grases
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaki Fadlullah
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefano Gambera
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Matteini
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program for advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Carolina Florian
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program for advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Porta
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Benedito
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georges Lacaud
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lluis Espinosa
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Vink CS, Popravko A, Dzierzak E. De novo hematopoietic (stem) cell generation - A differentiation or stochastic process? Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102255. [PMID: 37806296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system is one of the earliest tissues to develop. De novo generation of hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells occurs through a transdifferentiation of (hemogenic) endothelial cells to hematopoietic identity, resulting in the formation of intra-aortic hematopoietic cluster (IAHC) cells. Heterogeneity of IAHC cell phenotypes and functions has stymied the field in its search for the transcriptional program of emerging hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), given that an individual IAHC cannot be simultaneously examined for function and transcriptome. Several models could account for this heterogeneity, including a novel model suggesting that the transcriptomes of individual emerging IAHC cells are in an unstable/metastable state, with pivotal hematopoietic transcription factors expressed dynamically due to transcriptional pulsing and combinatorial activities. The question remains - how is functional hematopoietic cell fate established - is the process stochastic? This article touches upon these important issues, which may be relevant to the field's inability to make HSCs ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris S Vink
- The University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Anna Popravko
- The University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- The University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, EH16 4UU, UK.
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3
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Li Y, Ding J, Araki D, Zou J, Larochelle A. Modulation of WNT, Activin/Nodal, and MAPK Signaling Pathways Increases Arterial Hemogenic Endothelium and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Formation During Human iPSC Differentiation. Stem Cells 2023; 41:685-697. [PMID: 37220178 PMCID: PMC10346406 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Several differentiation protocols enable the emergence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), yet optimized schemes to promote the development of HSPCs with self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and engraftment potential are lacking. To improve human iPSC differentiation methods, we modulated WNT, Activin/Nodal, and MAPK signaling pathways by stage-specific addition of small-molecule regulators CHIR99021, SB431542, and LY294002, respectively, and measured the impact on hematoendothelial formation in culture. Manipulation of these pathways provided a synergy sufficient to enhance formation of arterial hemogenic endothelium (HE) relative to control culture conditions. Importantly, this approach significantly increased production of human HSPCs with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties, as well as phenotypic and molecular evidence of progressive maturation in culture. Together, these findings provide a stepwise improvement in human iPSC differentiation protocols and offer a framework for manipulating intrinsic cellular cues to enable de novo generation of human HSPCs with functionality in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Li
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jianyi Ding
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daisuke Araki
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jizhong Zou
- iPSC Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andre Larochelle
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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4
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Maytum A, Edginton-White B, Bonifer C. Identification and characterization of enhancer elements controlling cell type-specific and signalling dependent chromatin programming during hematopoietic development. Stem Cell Investig 2023; 10:14. [PMID: 37404470 PMCID: PMC10316067 DOI: 10.21037/sci-2023-011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of multi-cellular organisms from a single fertilized egg requires to differentially execute the information encoded in our DNA. This complex process is regulated by the interplay of transcription factors with a chromatin environment, both of which provide the epigenetic information maintaining cell-type specific gene expression patterns. Moreover, transcription factors and their target genes form vast interacting gene regulatory networks which can be exquisitely stable. However, all developmental processes originate from pluripotent precursor cell types. The production of terminally differentiated cells from such cells, therefore, requires successive changes of cell fates, meaning that genes relevant for the next stage of differentiation must be switched on and genes not relevant anymore must be switched off. The stimulus for the change of cell fate originates from extrinsic signals which set a cascade of intracellular processes in motion that eventually terminate at the genome leading to changes in gene expression and the development of alternate gene regulatory networks. How developmental trajectories are encoded in the genome and how the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic processes regulates development is one of the major questions in developmental biology. The development of the hematopoietic system has long served as model to understand how changes in gene regulatory networks drive the differentiation of the various blood cell types. In this review, we highlight the main signals and transcription factors and how they are integrated at the level of chromatin programming and gene expression control. We also highlight recent studies identifying the cis-regulatory elements such as enhancers at the global level and explain how their developmental activity is regulated by the cooperation of cell-type specific and ubiquitous transcription factors with extrinsic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Maytum
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ben Edginton-White
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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5
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Palam LR, Ramdas B, Pickerell K, Pasupuleti SK, Kanumuri R, Cesarano A, Szymanski M, Selman B, Dave UP, Sandusky G, Perna F, Paczesny S, Kapur R. Loss of Dnmt3a impairs hematopoietic homeostasis and myeloid cell skewing via the PI3Kinase pathway. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163864. [PMID: 36976647 PMCID: PMC10243813 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) are seen in a large number of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with normal cytogenetics and are frequently associated with poor prognosis. DNMT3A mutations are an early preleukemic event, which - when combined with other genetic lesions - result in full-blown leukemia. Here, we show that loss of Dnmt3a in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSC/Ps) results in myeloproliferation, which is associated with hyperactivation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. PI3Kα/β or the PI3Kα/δ inhibitor treatment partially corrects myeloproliferation, although the partial rescue is more efficient in response to the PI3Kα/β inhibitor treatment. In vivo RNA-Seq analysis on drug-treated Dnmt3a-/- HSC/Ps showed a reduction in the expression of genes associated with chemokines, inflammation, cell attachment, and extracellular matrix compared with controls. Remarkably, drug-treated leukemic mice showed a reversal in the enhanced fetal liver HSC-like gene signature observed in vehicle-treated Dnmt3a-/- LSK cells as well as a reduction in the expression of genes involved in regulating actin cytoskeleton-based functions, including the RHO/RAC GTPases. In a human PDX model bearing DNMT3A mutant AML, PI3Kα/β inhibitor treatment prolonged their survival and rescued the leukemic burden. Our results identify a potentially new target for treating DNMT3A mutation-driven myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baskar Ramdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research
| | - Katelyn Pickerell
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research
| | | | - Rahul Kanumuri
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research
| | | | | | - Bryce Selman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Utpal P. Dave
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | - Sophie Paczesny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charlestown, South Carolina, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research
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6
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Li Y, Ding J, Araki D, Zou J, Larochelle A. Modulation of WNT, Activin/Nodal and MAPK Signaling Pathways Increases Arterial Hemogenic Endothelium and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Formation During Human iPSC Differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.21.529379. [PMID: 36865308 PMCID: PMC9980074 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Several differentiation protocols enable the emergence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), yet optimized schemes to promote the development of HSPCs with self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and engraftment potential are lacking. To improve human iPSC differentiation methods, we modulated WNT, Activin/Nodal and MAPK signaling pathways by stage-specific addition of small molecule regulators CHIR99021, SB431542 and LY294002, respectively, and measured the impact on hematoendothelial formation in culture. Manipulation of these pathways provided a synergy sufficient to enhance formation of arterial hemogenic endothelium (HE) relative to control culture conditions. Importantly, this approach significantly increased production of human HSPCs with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties, as well as phenotypic and molecular evidence of progressive maturation in culture. Together, these findings provide a stepwise improvement in human iPSC differentiation protocols and offer a framework for manipulating intrinsic cellular cues to enable de novo generation of human HSPCs with functionality in vivo . Significance Statement The ability to produce functional HSPCs by differentiation of human iPSCs ex vivo holds enormous potential for cellular therapy of human blood disorders. However, obstacles still thwart translation of this approach to the clinic. In keeping with the prevailing arterial-specification model, we demonstrate that concurrent modulation of WNT, Activin/Nodal and MAPK signaling pathways by stage-specific addition of small molecules during human iPSC differentiation provides a synergy sufficient to promote arterialization of HE and production of HSPCs with features of definitive hematopoiesis. This simple differentiation scheme provides a unique tool for disease modeling, in vitro drug screening and eventual cell therapies.
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7
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Yvernogeau L, Dainese G, Jaffredo T. Dorsal aorta polarization and haematopoietic stem cell emergence. Development 2023; 150:286251. [PMID: 36602140 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of the aorta microenvironment in the generation of the first haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from specialized haemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). Despite more than two decades of investigations, we require a better understanding of the cellular and molecular events driving aorta formation and polarization, which will be pivotal to establish the mechanisms that operate during HEC specification and HSC competency. Here, we outline the early mechanisms involved in vertebrate aorta formation by comparing four different species: zebrafish, chicken, mouse and human. We highlight how this process, which is tightly controlled in time and space, requires a coordinated specification of several cell types, in particular endothelial cells originating from distinct mesodermal tissues. We also discuss how molecular signals originating from the aorta environment result in its polarization, creating a unique entity for HSC generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Yvernogeau
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Dainese
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Jaffredo
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, 75005 Paris, France
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8
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Zhang Y, Xie X, Huang Y, Liu M, Li Q, Luo J, He Y, Yin X, Ma S, Cao W, Chen S, Peng J, Guo J, Zhou W, Luo H, Dong F, Cheng H, Hao S, Hu L, Zhu P, Cheng T. Temporal molecular program of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells after birth. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2745-2760.e6. [PMID: 36493772 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) give rise to the blood system and maintain hematopoiesis throughout the human lifespan. Here, we report a transcriptional census of human bone-marrow-derived HSPCs from the neonate, infant, child, adult, and aging stages, showing two subpopulations of multipotent progenitors separated by CD52 expression. From birth to the adult stage, stem and multipotent progenitors shared similar transcriptional alterations, and erythroid potential was enhanced after the infant stage. By integrating transcriptome, chromatin accessibility, and functional data, we further showed that aging hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) exhibited a bias toward megakaryocytic differentiation. Finally, in comparison with the HSCs from the cord blood, neonate bone-marrow-derived HSCs were more quiescent and had higher long-term regeneration capability and durable self-renewal. Taken together, this work provides an integral transcriptome landscape of HSPCs and identifies their dynamics in post-natal steady-state hemopoiesis, thereby helping explore hematopoiesis in development and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiaowei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yaojing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Qiaochuan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jianming Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Key Laboratory, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yunyan He
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Key Laboratory, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiuxiu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wenbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shulian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Hongbo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Sha Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Linping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China; Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
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9
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Kotmayer L, Romero‐Moya D, Marin‐Bejar O, Kozyra E, Català A, Bigas A, Wlodarski MW, Bödör C, Giorgetti A. GATA2 deficiency and MDS/AML: Experimental strategies for disease modelling and future therapeutic prospects. Br J Haematol 2022; 199:482-495. [PMID: 35753998 PMCID: PMC9796058 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The importance of predisposition to leukaemia in clinical practice is being increasingly recognized. This is emphasized by the establishment of a novel WHO disease category in 2016 called "myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition". A major syndrome within this group is GATA2 deficiency, a heterogeneous immunodeficiency syndrome with a very high lifetime risk to develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). GATA2 deficiency has been identified as the most common hereditary cause of MDS in adolescents with monosomy 7. Allogenic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative option; however, chances of survival decrease with progression of immunodeficiency and MDS evolution. Penetrance and expressivity within families carrying GATA2 mutations is often variable, suggesting that co-operating extrinsic events are required to trigger the disease. Predictive tools are lacking, and intrafamilial heterogeneity is poorly understood; hence there is a clear unmet medical need. On behalf of the ERAPerMed GATA2 HuMo consortium, in this review we describe the genetic, clinical, and biological aspects of familial GATA2-related MDS, highlighting the importance of developing robust disease preclinical models to improve early detection and clinical decision-making of GATA2 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Kotmayer
- HCEMM‐SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Damia Romero‐Moya
- Regenerative Medicine ProgramInstitut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Oskar Marin‐Bejar
- Regenerative Medicine ProgramInstitut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Emilia Kozyra
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany,Faculty of BiologyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Albert Català
- Department of Hematology and OncologyInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de DéuHospital Sant Joan de DeuBarcelonaSpain,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare DiseasesInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Cancer Research ProgramInstitut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del MarBarcelonaSpain,Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), BadalonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Marcin W. Wlodarski
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany,Department of HematologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Csaba Bödör
- HCEMM‐SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Alessandra Giorgetti
- Regenerative Medicine ProgramInstitut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain,Fondazione Pisana Per la Scienza ONLUS (FPS)San Giuliano TermeItaly,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesBarcelona UniversityBarcelonaSpain
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10
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Zhang Q, Wang HY, Nayak A, Nunez-Cruz S, Slupianek A, Liu X, Basappa J, Fan JS, Chekol S, Nejati R, Bogusz AM, Turner SD, Swaminathan K, Wasik MA. Induction of Transcriptional Inhibitor HES1 and the Related Repression of Tumor-Suppressor TXNIP Are Important Components of Cell-Transformation Program Imposed by Oncogenic Kinase NPM-ALK. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1186-1198. [PMID: 35640677 PMCID: PMC9379685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study reports that hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1 (HES1), known to repress gene transcription in progenitor cells of several cell lineages, was strongly expressed in cells and tissues of T-cell lymphoma expressing the oncogenic chimeric tyrosine kinase nucleophosmin (NPM)-anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK; ALK+ T-cell lymphoma (TCL)]. The structural analysis of the Orange domain of HES1 indicated that HES1 formed a highly stable homodimer. Of note, repression of HES1 expression led to inhibition of ALK+ TCL cell growth in vivo. The expression of the HES1 gene was induced by NPM-ALK through activation of STAT3, which bound to the gene's promoter and induced the gene's transcription. NPM-ALK also directly phosphorylated HES1 protein. In turn, HES1 up-regulated and down-regulated in ALK+ TCL cells, the expression of numerous genes, protein products of which are involved in key cell functions, such as cell proliferation and viability. Among the genes inhibited by HES1 was thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), encoding a protein implicated in promotion of cell death in various types of cells. Accordingly, ALK+ TCL cells and tissues lacked expression of TXNIP, and its transcription was co-inhibited by HES1 and STAT3 in an NPM-ALK-dependent manner. Finally, the induced expression of TXNIP induced massive apoptotic cell death of ALK+ TCL cells. The results reveal a novel NPM-ALK-controlled pro-oncogenic regulatory network and document an important role of HES and TXNIP in the NPM-ALK-driven oncogenesis, with the former protein displaying oncogenic and the latter tumor suppressor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anindita Nayak
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Artur Slupianek
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Johnvesly Basappa
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing-Song Fan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seble Chekol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Reza Nejati
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Agata M Bogusz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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11
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Chandrakanthan V, Rorimpandey P, Zanini F, Chacon D, Olivier J, Joshi S, Kang YC, Knezevic K, Huang Y, Qiao Q, Oliver RA, Unnikrishnan A, Carter DR, Lee B, Brownlee C, Power C, Brink R, Mendez-Ferrer S, Enikolopov G, Walsh W, Göttgens B, Taoudi S, Beck D, Pimanda JE. Mesoderm-derived PDGFRA + cells regulate the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells in the dorsal aorta. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1211-1225. [PMID: 35902769 PMCID: PMC9359911 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mouse haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) first emerge at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5), on the ventral surface of the dorsal aorta, by endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition. We investigated whether mesenchymal stem cells, which provide an essential niche for long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) in the bone marrow, reside in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros and contribute to the development of the dorsal aorta and endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition. Here we show that mesoderm-derived PDGFRA+ stromal cells (Mesp1der PSCs) contribute to the haemogenic endothelium of the dorsal aorta and populate the E10.5-E11.5 aorta-gonad-mesonephros but by E13.5 were replaced by neural-crest-derived PSCs (Wnt1der PSCs). Co-aggregating non-haemogenic endothelial cells with Mesp1der PSCs but not Wnt1der PSCs resulted in activation of a haematopoietic transcriptional programme in endothelial cells and generation of LT-HSCs. Dose-dependent inhibition of PDGFRA or BMP, WNT and NOTCH signalling interrupted this reprogramming event. Together, aorta-gonad-mesonephros Mesp1der PSCs could potentially be harnessed to manufacture LT-HSCs from endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vashe Chandrakanthan
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Prunella Rorimpandey
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabio Zanini
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Sydney, Australia.,UNSW Futures Institute for Cellular Genomics, Sydney, Australia
| | - Diego Chacon
- Centre for Health Technologies and the School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jake Olivier
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Swapna Joshi
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Young Chan Kang
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathy Knezevic
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yizhou Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiao Qiao
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rema A Oliver
- Surgical & Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashwin Unnikrishnan
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel R Carter
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brendan Lee
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris Brownlee
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carl Power
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Mendez-Ferrer
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Grigori Enikolopov
- Center for Developmental Genetics and Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - William Walsh
- Surgical & Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samir Taoudi
- Epigenetics and development division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dominik Beck
- Centre for Health Technologies and the School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John E Pimanda
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Haematology, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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12
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Embryonic Origins of the Hematopoietic System: Hierarchies and Heterogeneity. Hemasphere 2022; 6:e737. [PMID: 35647488 PMCID: PMC9132533 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hierarchical framework of the adult blood system as we know it from current medical and hematology textbooks, displays a linear branching network of dividing and differentiated cells essential for the growth and maintenance of the healthy organism. This view of the hierarchy has evolved over the last 75 years. An amazing increase in cellular complexity has been realized; however, innovative single-cell technologies continue to uncover essential cell types and functions in animal models and the human blood system. The most potent cell of the hematopoietic hierarchy is the hematopoietic stem cell. Stem cells for adult tissues are the long-lived self-renewing cellular component, which ensure that differentiated tissue-specific cells are maintained and replaced through the entire adult lifespan. Although much blood research is focused on hematopoietic tissue homeostasis, replacement and regeneration during adult life, embryological studies have widened and enriched our understanding of additional developmental hierarchies and interacting cells of this life-sustaining tissue. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of the hierarchical organization and the vast heterogeneity of the hematopoietic system from embryonic to adult stages.
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13
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Identification of Potential RBPJ-Specific Inhibitors for Blocking Notch Signaling in Breast Cancer Using a Drug Repurposing Strategy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050556. [PMID: 35631382 PMCID: PMC9146688 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is a key parameter in regulating cell fate during tissue homeostasis, and an aberrant Notch pathway can result in mammary gland carcinoma and has been associated with poor breast cancer diagnosis. Although inhibiting Notch signaling would be advantageous in the treatment of breast cancer, the currently available Notch inhibitors have a variety of side effects and their clinical trials have been discontinued. Thus, in search of a more effective and safer Notch inhibitor, inhibiting recombinant signal binding protein for immunoglobin kappaJ region (RBPJ) specifically makes sense, as RBPJ forms a transcriptional complex that activates Notch signaling. From our established database of more than 10,527 compounds, a drug repurposing strategy-combined docking study and molecular dynamic simulation were used to identify novel RBPJ-specific inhibitors. The compounds with the best performance were examined using an in vitro cellular assay and an in vivo anticancer investigation. Finally, an FDA-approved antibiotic, fidaxomicin, was identified as a potential RBPJ inhibitor, and its ability to block RBPJ-dependent transcription and thereby inhibit breast cancer growth was experimentally verified. Our study demonstrated that fidaxomicin suppressed Notch signaling and may be repurposed for the treatment of breast cancer.
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14
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Mayer IM, Hoelbl-Kovacic A, Sexl V, Doma E. Isolation, Maintenance and Expansion of Adult Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells and Leukemic Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071723. [PMID: 35406494 PMCID: PMC8996967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transplantation of adult hematopoietic stem cells is an important therapeutic tool to help patients suffering from diverse hematological disorders. All types of blood cells can develop from a single hematopoietic stem cell underlining their enormous potential. Intense efforts are ongoing to generate “engraftable” human hematopoietic stem cells to treat hematopoietic diseases and to understand the molecular machinery driving them. Leukemic stem cells represent a low frequency subpopulation of leukemia cells that possess stem cell properties. They can instigate, maintain, and serially propagate leukemia in vivo, while they retain the capacity to differentiate into committed progenitors. Leukemic stem cells are unaffected by many therapeutic strategies and represent the major cause of relapse. We here describe all methods to maintain and expand murine and human hematopoietic cells in culture and describe their specific advantages. These methods are also employed to understand the biology of leukemic stem cells and to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are rare, self-renewing cells that perch on top of the hematopoietic tree. The HSCs ensure the constant supply of mature blood cells in a tightly regulated process producing peripheral blood cells. Intense efforts are ongoing to optimize HSC engraftment as therapeutic strategy to treat patients suffering from hematopoietic diseases. Preclinical research paves the way by developing methods to maintain, manipulate and expand HSCs ex vivo to understand their regulation and molecular make-up. The generation of a sufficient number of transplantable HSCs is the Holy Grail for clinical therapy. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are characterized by their acquired stem cell characteristics and are responsible for disease initiation, progression, and relapse. We summarize efforts, that have been undertaken to increase the number of long-term (LT)-HSCs and to prevent differentiation towards committed progenitors in ex vivo culture. We provide an overview and compare methods currently available to isolate, maintain and enrich HSC subsets, progenitors and LSCs and discuss their individual advantages and drawbacks.
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15
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Hadland B, Varnum-Finney B, Dozono S, Dignum T, Nourigat-McKay C, Heck AM, Ishida T, Jackson DL, Itkin T, Butler JM, Rafii S, Trapnell C, Bernstein ID. Engineering a niche supporting hematopoietic stem cell development using integrated single-cell transcriptomics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1584. [PMID: 35332125 PMCID: PMC8948249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from hemogenic endothelium within embryonic arterial vessels such as the aorta of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (AGM). To identify the signals responsible for HSC formation, here we use single cell RNA-sequencing to simultaneously analyze the transcriptional profiles of AGM-derived cells transitioning from hemogenic endothelium to HSCs, and AGM-derived endothelial cells which provide signals sufficient to support HSC maturation and self-renewal. Pseudotemporal ordering reveals dynamics of gene expression during the hemogenic endothelium to HSC transition, identifying surface receptors specifically expressed on developing HSCs. Transcriptional profiling of niche endothelial cells identifies corresponding ligands, including those signaling to Notch receptors, VLA-4 integrin, and CXCR4, which, when integrated in an engineered platform, are sufficient to support the generation of engrafting HSCs. These studies provide a transcriptional map of the signaling interactions necessary for the development of HSCs and advance the goal of engineering HSCs for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Tessa Dignum
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Tomer Itkin
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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16
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Thambyrajah R, Bigas A. Notch Signaling in HSC Emergence: When, Why and How. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030358. [PMID: 35159166 PMCID: PMC8833884 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) sustains blood homeostasis throughout life in vertebrates. During embryonic development, HSCs emerge from the aorta-gonads and mesonephros (AGM) region along with hematopoietic progenitors within hematopoietic clusters which are found in the dorsal aorta, the main arterial vessel. Notch signaling, which is essential for arterial specification of the aorta, is also crucial in hematopoietic development and HSC activity. In this review, we will present and discuss the evidence that we have for Notch activity in hematopoietic cell fate specification and the crosstalk with the endothelial and arterial lineage. The core hematopoietic program is conserved across vertebrates and here we review studies conducted using different models of vertebrate hematopoiesis, including zebrafish, mouse and in vitro differentiated Embryonic stem cells. To fulfill the goal of engineering HSCs in vitro, we need to understand the molecular processes that modulate Notch signaling during HSC emergence in a temporal and spatial context. Here, we review relevant contributions from different model systems that are required to specify precursors of HSC and HSC activity through Notch interactions at different stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Thambyrajah
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (A.B.); Tel.: +34-933160437 (R.T.); +34-933160440 (A.B.)
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (A.B.); Tel.: +34-933160437 (R.T.); +34-933160440 (A.B.)
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17
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Tanhuad N, Thongsa-Ad U, Sutjarit N, Yoosabai P, Panvongsa W, Wongniam S, Suksamrarn A, Piyachaturawat P, Anurathapan U, Borwornpinyo S, Chairoungdua A, Hongeng S, Bhukhai K. Ex vivo expansion and functional activity preservation of adult hematopoietic stem cells by a diarylheptanoid from Curcuma comosa. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112102. [PMID: 34474347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs, CD34+ cells) have shown therapeutic efficacy for transplantation in various hematological disorders. However, a large quantity of HSCs is required for transplantation. Therefore, strategies to increase HSC numbers and preserve HSC functions through ex vivo culture are critically required. Here, we report that expansion medium supplemented with ASPP 049, a diarylheptanoid isolated from Curcuma comosa, and a cocktail of cytokines markedly increased numbers of adult CD34+ cells. Interestingly, phenotypically defined primitive HSCs (CD34+CD38-CD90+) were significantly increased under ASPP 049 treatment relative to control. ASPP 049 treatment also improved two functional properties of HSCs, as evidenced by an increased number of CD34+CD38- cells in secondary culture (self-renewal) and the growth of colony-forming units as assessed by colony formation assay (multilineage differentiation). Transplantation of cultured CD34+ cells into immunodeficient mice demonstrated the long-term reconstitution and differentiation ability of ASPP 049-expanded cells. RNA sequencing and KEGG analysis revealed that Hippo signaling was the most likely pathway involved in the effects of ASPP 049. These results suggest that ASPP 049 improved ex vivo expansion and functional preservation of expanded HSCs. Our findings provide a rationale for the use of ASPP 049 to grow HSCs prior to hematological disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nopmullee Tanhuad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nareerat Sutjarit
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Ploychompoo Yoosabai
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wittaya Panvongsa
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirapope Wongniam
- Central Instrument Facility Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arthit Chairoungdua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kanit Bhukhai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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18
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Bott LC, Forouhan M, Lieto M, Sala AJ, Ellerington R, Johnson JO, Speciale AA, Criscuolo C, Filla A, Chitayat D, Alkhunaizi E, Shannon P, Nemeth AH, Angelucci F, Lim WF, Striano P, Zara F, Helbig I, Muona M, Courage C, Lehesjoki AE, Berkovic SF, Fischbeck KH, Brancati F, Morimoto RI, Wood MJA, Rinaldi C. Variants in ATP6V0A1 cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab245. [PMID: 34909687 PMCID: PMC8665645 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar H+-ATPase is a large multi-subunit proton pump, composed of an integral membrane V0 domain, involved in proton translocation, and a peripheral V1 domain, catalysing ATP hydrolysis. This complex is widely distributed on the membrane of various subcellular organelles, such as endosomes and lysosomes, and plays a critical role in cellular processes ranging from autophagy to protein trafficking and endocytosis. Variants in ATP6V0A1, the brain-enriched isoform in the V0 domain, have been recently associated with developmental delay and epilepsy in four individuals. Here, we identified 17 individuals from 14 unrelated families with both with new and previously characterized variants in this gene, representing the largest cohort to date. Five affected subjects with biallelic variants in this gene presented with a phenotype of early-onset progressive myoclonus epilepsy with ataxia, while 12 individuals carried de novo missense variants and showed severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. The R740Q mutation, which alone accounts for almost 50% of the mutations identified among our cases, leads to failure of lysosomal hydrolysis by directly impairing acidification of the endolysosomal compartment, causing autophagic dysfunction and severe developmental defect in Caenorhabditis elegans. Altogether, our findings further expand the neurological phenotype associated with variants in this gene and provide a direct link with endolysosomal acidification in the pathophysiology of ATP6V0A1-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Bott
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mitra Forouhan
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Maria Lieto
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples 80121, Italy
| | - Ambre J Sala
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ruth Ellerington
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Janel O Johnson
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Chiara Criscuolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples 80121, Italy
| | - Alessandro Filla
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples 80121, Italy
| | - David Chitayat
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Ebba Alkhunaizi
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Patrick Shannon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Andrea H Nemeth
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Wooi Fang Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova 16147, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova 16147, Italy
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mikko Muona
- Blueprint Genetics, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Carolina Courage
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Anna-Elina Lehesjoki
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kenneth H Fischbeck
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Roma, Italy
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Matthew J A Wood
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
- Oxford Harrington Rare Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Carlo Rinaldi
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
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19
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Multispecies RNA tomography reveals regulators of hematopoietic stem cell birth in the embryonic aorta. Blood 2021; 136:831-844. [PMID: 32457985 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The defined location of a stem cell within a niche regulates its fate, behavior, and molecular identity via a complex extrinsic regulation that is far from being fully elucidated. To explore the molecular characteristics and key components of the aortic microenvironment, where the first hematopoietic stem cells are generated during development, we performed genome-wide RNA tomography sequencing on zebrafish, chicken, mouse, and human embryos. The resulting anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral transcriptional maps provided a powerful resource for exploring genes and regulatory pathways active in the aortic microenvironment. By performing interspecies comparative RNA sequencing analyses and functional assays, we explored the complexity of the aortic microenvironment landscape and the fine-tuning of various factors interacting to control hematopoietic stem cell generation, both in time and space in vivo, including the ligand-receptor couple ADM-RAMP2 and SVEP1. Understanding the regulatory function of the local environment will pave the way for improved stem cell production in vitro and clinical cell therapy.
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20
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Bigas A, Zanoni I, Hepworth MR, Eisenbarth SC, Masters SL, Kipnis J, Vinuesa CG, Good-Jacobson KL, Tangye SG, Yamazaki S, Hivroz C, Tait Wojno E, Shulman Z, Colonna M. JEM career launchpad. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211688. [PMID: 33464291 PMCID: PMC7814352 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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21
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Lakhan R, Rathinam CV. Deficiency of Rbpj Leads to Defective Stress-Induced Hematopoietic Stem Cell Functions and Hif Mediated Activation of Non-canonical Notch Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:622190. [PMID: 33569384 PMCID: PMC7868433 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.622190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated notch signaling has been associated with human pathobiology. However, functions of notch pathways in hematopoiesis remain incompletely understood. Here, we ablated canonical notch pathways, through genetic deletion of Rbpj, in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Our data identified that loss of canonical notch results in normal adult HSC pool, at steady state conditions. However, HSC maintenance and functions in response to radiation-, chemotherapy-, and cytokine- induced stress were compromised in the absence of canonical notch. Rbpj deficient HSCs exhibit decreased proliferation rates and elevated expression of p57Kip2. Surprisingly, loss of Rbpj resulted in upregulation of key notch target genes and augmented binding of Hes1 to p57 and Gata2 promoters. Further molecular analyses identified an increase in notch activity, elevated expression and nuclear translocation of Hif proteins, and augmented binding of Hif1α to Hes1 promoter in the absence of Rbpj. These studies, for the first time, identify a previously unknown role for non-canonical notch signaling and establish a functional link between Hif and Notch pathways in hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Lakhan
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chozha V Rathinam
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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22
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Heck AM, Ishida T, Hadland B. Location, Location, Location: How Vascular Specialization Influences Hematopoietic Fates During Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602617. [PMID: 33282876 PMCID: PMC7691428 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development, sequential waves of hematopoiesis give rise to blood-forming cells with diverse lineage potentials and self-renewal properties. This process must accomplish two important yet divergent goals: the rapid generation of differentiated blood cells to meet the needs of the developing embryo and the production of a reservoir of hematopoietic stem cells to provide for life-long hematopoiesis in the adult. Vascular beds in distinct anatomical sites of extraembryonic tissues and the embryo proper provide the necessary conditions to support these divergent objectives, suggesting a critical role for specialized vascular niche cells in regulating disparate blood cell fates during development. In this review, we will examine the current understanding of how organ- and stage-specific vascular niche specialization contributes to the development of the hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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23
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Abstract
Embryonic definitive hematopoiesis generates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) essential for establishment and maintenance of the adult blood system. This process requires the specification of a subset of vascular endothelial cells to become blood-forming, or hemogenic, and the subsequent endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition to generate HSPCs therefrom. The mechanisms that regulate these processes are under intensive investigation, as their recapitulation in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells has the potential to generate autologous HSPCs for clinical applications. In this review, we provide an overview of hemogenic endothelial cell development and highlight the molecular events that govern hemogenic specification of vascular endothelial cells and the generation of multilineage HSPCs from hemogenic endothelium. We also discuss the impact of hemogenic endothelial cell development on adult hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA;
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA; .,Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA;
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24
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Lomelí H, Castillo-Castellanos F. Notch signaling and the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:1302-1317. [PMID: 32996661 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is able to give rise to all blood cell lineages in vertebrates. HSCs are generated in the early embryo after two precedent waves of primitive hematopoiesis. Canonical Notch signaling is at the center of the complex mechanism that controls the development of the definitive HSC. The successful in vitro generation of hematopoietic cells from pluripotent stem cells with the capacity for multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation requires the recapitulation of the most important process that takes place in the hemogenic endothelium during definitive hematopoiesis, that is the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). To meet this challenge, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the molecular mechanisms that modulate Notch signaling during the HSC differentiation process considering different temporal and spatial dimensions. In recent years, there have been important advances in this field. Here, we review relevant contributions describing different genes, factors, environmental cues, and signaling cascades that regulate the EHT through Notch interactions at multiple levels. The evolutionary conservation of the hematopoietic program has made possible the use of diverse model systems. We describe the contributions of the zebrafish model and the most relevant ones from transgenic mouse studies and from in vitro differentiated pluripotent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Lomelí
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, 62210, Mexico
| | - Francisco Castillo-Castellanos
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, 62210, Mexico
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25
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Yu H, Hu W, Song X, Zhao Y. Notch-HEY2 signaling pathway contributes to the differentiation of CD34 + hematopoietic-like stem cells from adult peripheral blood insulin-producing cells after the treatment with platelet-derived mitochondria. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8347-8352. [PMID: 32997309 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous works characterized a novel cell population from adult human peripheral blood, designated peripheral blood insulin-producing cells (PB-IPC). PB-IPC displayed the pluripotent potential of differentiations after the treatment with platelet-derived mitochondria and gave rise to three germ layer-derived cells such as the mitochondrion-induced CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC)-like cells (miCD34+ HSC). To determine the molecular mechanism underlying the differentiation of miCD34+ cells, mechanistic studies established that MitoTracker Deep Red-labeled mitochondria could enter into the PB-IPC in a dose-dependent manner. Blocking Notch signaling pathway with a γ-secretase inhibitor, DAPT, markedly inhibited the proliferation of PB-IPC and improved the differentiation of miCD34+ HSC. Additionally, treatment with platelet-derived mitochondria can reprogram the differentiation of PB-IPC into miCD34+ HSC through inhibition of the Notch/HEY2 signaling pathway, as demonstrated by blocking experiments with HEY2 small interfering RNA (siRNA). The data indicated that Notch signaling pathway contributes to the miCD34+ HSC differentiation, thus advancing our understanding of the mitochondrial reprogramming and the potential treatment of human hematopoietic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yu
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Xiang Song
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Yong Zhao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA.
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26
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Abstract
: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a unique population of cells with the remarkable ability to replenish themselves through self-renewal and to give rise to differentiated cell lineages. Though having been discovered more than 50 years ago, and having been widely used in bone marrow transplantation to treat blood disorders including leukemia, expansion of HSCs remains an unmet task, thus affecting its more effective usage in clinical practice. PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review article is to summarize past efforts in ex-vivo HSC expansion and to compare recent advances in expanding murine and human HSCs by targeting the N-methyladenosine (mA) pathway. RECENT FINDINGS Unlike past many efforts that mainly target single or limited pathways and often lead to lineage bias or expansion of progenitor cells or limited long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs), the blocking the degradation of mA pathway has an advantage of stabilizing hundreds of key factors required for maintaining HSCs, thus resulting in expansion of functional LT-HSCs. SUMMARY The new approach of targeting the mA pathway has a promising application in clinical HSC-based transplantation.
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27
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Sauta E, Demartini A, Vitali F, Riva A, Bellazzi R. A Bayesian data fusion based approach for learning genome-wide transcriptional regulatory networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:219. [PMID: 32471360 PMCID: PMC7257163 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-3510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reverse engineering of transcriptional regulatory networks (TRN) from genomics data has always represented a computational challenge in System Biology. The major issue is modeling the complex crosstalk among transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes, with a method able to handle both the high number of interacting variables and the noise in the available heterogeneous experimental sources of information. RESULTS In this work, we propose a data fusion approach that exploits the integration of complementary omics-data as prior knowledge within a Bayesian framework, in order to learn and model large-scale transcriptional networks. We develop a hybrid structure-learning algorithm able to jointly combine TFs ChIP-Sequencing data and gene expression compendia to reconstruct TRNs in a genome-wide perspective. Applying our method to high-throughput data, we verified its ability to deal with the complexity of a genomic TRN, providing a snapshot of the synergistic TFs regulatory activity. Given the noisy nature of data-driven prior knowledge, which potentially contains incorrect information, we also tested the method's robustness to false priors on a benchmark dataset, comparing the proposed approach to other regulatory network reconstruction algorithms. We demonstrated the effectiveness of our framework by evaluating structural commonalities of our learned genomic network with other existing networks inferred by different DNA binding information-based methods. CONCLUSIONS This Bayesian omics-data fusion based methodology allows to gain a genome-wide picture of the transcriptional interplay, helping to unravel key hierarchical transcriptional interactions, which could be subsequently investigated, and it represents a promising learning approach suitable for multi-layered genomic data integration, given its robustness to noisy sources and its tailored framework for handling high dimensional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sauta
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Andrea Demartini
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitali
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Biostatistics, Dept. of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, 1230 Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Alberto Riva
- Bioinformatics Core, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Riccardo Bellazzi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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28
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Feng S, Zeng D, Zheng J, Zhao D. New Insights of Human Parvovirus B19 in Modulating Erythroid Progenitor Cell Differentiation. Viral Immunol 2020; 33:539-549. [PMID: 32412895 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2020.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19), a human pathogen of the erythroparvovirus genus, is responsible for a variety of diseases. B19 cause less symptoms in healthy individuals, also cause acute and chronic anemia in immunodeficiency patients. Transient aplastic crisis and pure red cell aplasia are two kinds of anemic hemogram, respectively, in acute and chronic B19 infection phase, especially occurring in patients with a shortened red cell survival or with immunodeficiency. In addition, B19-infected pregnant women may cause hydrops fetalis or fetal loss. B19 possesses high affinity to bone marrow and fetal liver due to its extremely restricted cytotoxicity to erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs) mediated by viral proteins. The nonstructural protein NS1 is considered to be the major pathogenic factor, which has been shown to inhibit the differentiation and maturation of EPCs through inducing viral DNA damage responses and cell cycle arrest. The time phase property of NS1 activity during DNA replication and conformity to transient change of hemogram are suggestive of its role in regulating differentiation of hematopoietic cells, which is not completely understood. In this review, we summarized the bridge between B19 NS1 and Notch signaling pathway or transcriptional factors GATA, which play an important role in erythroid cell proliferation and differentiation, to provide a new insight of the potential mechanism of B19-induced differential inhibition of EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Feng
- Pediatrics Department, Children Digital and Health Data Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongxin Zeng
- Pediatrics Department, Children Digital and Health Data Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junwen Zheng
- Pediatrics Department, Children Digital and Health Data Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongchi Zhao
- Pediatrics Department, Children Digital and Health Data Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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29
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Vink CS, Calero-Nieto FJ, Wang X, Maglitto A, Mariani SA, Jawaid W, Göttgens B, Dzierzak E. Iterative Single-Cell Analyses Define the Transcriptome of the First Functional Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107627. [PMID: 32402290 PMCID: PMC7225750 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas hundreds of cells in the mouse embryonic aorta transdifferentiate to hematopoietic cells, only very few establish hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) identity at a single time point. The Gata2 transcription factor is essential for HSC generation and function. In contrast to surface-marker-based cell isolation, Gata2-based enrichment provides a direct link to the internal HSC regulatory network. Here, we use iterations of index-sorting of Gata2-expressing intra-aortic hematopoietic cluster (IAHC) cells, single-cell transcriptomics, and functional analyses to connect HSC identity to specific gene expression. Gata2-expressing IAHC cells separate into 5 major transcriptomic clusters. Iterative analyses reveal refined CD31, cKit, and CD27 phenotypic parameters that associate specific molecular profiles in one cluster with distinct HSC and multipotent progenitor function. Thus, by iterations of single-cell approaches, we identify the transcriptome of the first functional HSCs as they emerge in the mouse embryo and localize them to aortic clusters containing 1-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Sebastiaan Vink
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Fernando Jose Calero-Nieto
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Antonio Maglitto
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Samanta Antonella Mariani
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Wajid Jawaid
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland EH16 4TJ, UK.
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30
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Function of Arl4aa in the Initiation of Hematopoiesis in Zebrafish by Maintaining Golgi Complex Integrity in Hemogenic Endothelium. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:575-589. [PMID: 32220330 PMCID: PMC7160373 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor-like 4aa (Arl4aa) is a member of the ADP-ribosylation factor family. It is expressed in hematopoietic tissue during embryonic development, but its function was unknown. Zebrafish arl4aa is preferentially expressed in the ventral wall of the dorsal aorta (VDA) at 24 and 36 hpf and in caudal hematopoietic tissue at 48 hpf. Morpholino knockdown and transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) knockout of arl4aa significantly reduced expression of genes associated with definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Golgi complex integrity in VDA was disrupted as shown by transmission electron microscopy and immunostaining of Golgi membrane Giantin. Mechanistically, arl4aa knockdown reduced Notch signaling in the VDA and its target gene expression. Protein expression of NICD was also reduced. Effects of arl4aa knockdown on definitive hematopoiesis could be restored by NICD expression. This study identified arl4aa as a factor regulating initiation of definitive HSCs by maintaining the integrity of Golgi complex and, secondarily, maturation of the Notch receptor.
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31
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Heng J, Lv P, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Wang L, Ma D, Liu F. Rab5c-mediated endocytic trafficking regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development via Notch and AKT signaling. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000696. [PMID: 32275659 PMCID: PMC7176290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that various developmental signals play diverse roles in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) production; however, how these signaling pathways are orchestrated remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that Rab5c is essential for HSPC specification by endocytic trafficking of Notch and AKT signaling in zebrafish embryos. Rab5c deficiency leads to defects in HSPC production. Mechanistically, Rab5c regulates hemogenic endothelium (HE) specification by endocytic trafficking of Notch ligands and receptor. We further show that the interaction between Rab5c and Appl1 in the endosome is required for the survival of HE in the ventral wall of the dorsal aorta through AKT signaling. Interestingly, Rab5c overactivation can also lead to defects in HSPC production, which is attributed to excessive endolysosomal trafficking inducing Notch signaling defect. Taken together, our findings establish a previously unrecognized role of Rab5c-mediated endocytic trafficking in HSPC development and provide new insights into how spatiotemporal signals are orchestrated to accurately execute cell fate transition. Cell-autonomous Notch signaling regulated by the membrane trafficking protein Rab5c plays an instructive role in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell specification, while the AKT signaling seems to provide a permissive signal to maintain hemogenic endothelium survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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32
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Ma Z, Xu J, Wu L, Wang J, Lin Q, Chowdhury FA, Mazumder MHH, Hu G, Li X, Du W. Hes1 deficiency causes hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion. Stem Cells 2020; 38:756-768. [PMID: 32129527 PMCID: PMC7260087 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional repressor Hairy Enhancer of Split 1 (HES1) plays an essential role in the development of many organs by promoting the maintenance of stem/progenitor cells, controlling the reversibility of cellular quiescence, and regulating both cell fate decisions. Deletion of Hes1 in mice results in severe defects in multiple organs and is lethal in late embryogenesis. Here we have investigated the role of HES1 in hematopoiesis using a hematopoietic lineage‐specific Hes1 knockout mouse model. We found that while Hes1 is dispensable for steady‐state hematopoiesis, Hes1‐deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo exhaustion under replicative stress. Loss of Hes1 upregulates the expression of genes involved in PPARγ signaling and fatty acid metabolism pathways, and augments fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in Hes1f/fVav1Cre HSCs and progenitors. Functionally, PPARγ targeting or FAO inhibition ameliorates the repopulating defects of Hes1f/fVav1Cre HSCs through improving quiescence in HSCs. Lastly, transcriptome analysis reveals that disruption of Hes1 in hematopoietic lineage alters expression of genes critical to HSC function, PPARγ signaling, and fatty acid metabolism. Together, our findings identify a novel role of HES1 in regulating stress hematopoiesis and provide mechanistic insight into the function of HES1 in HSC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Qiqi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fabliha A Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Md Habibul H Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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33
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Porcheri C, Golan O, Calero-Nieto FJ, Thambyrajah R, Ruiz-Herguido C, Wang X, Catto F, Guillén Y, Sinha R, González J, Kinston SJ, Mariani SA, Maglitto A, Vink CS, Dzierzak E, Charbord P, Göttgens B, Espinosa L, Sprinzak D, Bigas A. Notch ligand Dll4 impairs cell recruitment to aortic clusters and limits blood stem cell generation. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104270. [PMID: 32149421 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from the hemogenic endothelium in cluster structures that protrude into the embryonic aortic lumen. Although much is known about the molecular characteristics of the developing hematopoietic cells, we lack a complete understanding of their origin and the three-dimensional organization of the niche. Here, we use advanced live imaging techniques of organotypic slice cultures, clonal analysis, and mathematical modeling to show the two-step process of intra-aortic hematopoietic cluster (IACH) formation. First, a hemogenic progenitor buds up from the endothelium and undergoes division forming the monoclonal core of the IAHC. Next, surrounding hemogenic cells are recruited into the IAHC, increasing their size and heterogeneity. We identified the Notch ligand Dll4 as a negative regulator of the recruitment phase of IAHC. Blocking of Dll4 promotes the entrance of new hemogenic Gfi1+ cells into the IAHC and increases the number of cells that acquire HSC activity. Mathematical modeling based on our data provides estimation of the cluster lifetime and the average recruitment time of hemogenic cells to the cluster under physiologic and Dll4-inhibited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Porcheri
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ohad Golan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Roshana Thambyrajah
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Herguido
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, CIMR, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesca Catto
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Guillén
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roshani Sinha
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica González
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah J Kinston
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, CIMR, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samanta A Mariani
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Antonio Maglitto
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris S Vink
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pierre Charbord
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology of Paris Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Bertie Göttgens
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, CIMR, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lluis Espinosa
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Sprinzak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
The generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from pluripotent stem cell (PSC) sources is a long-standing goal that will require a comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular factors that determine HSC fate during embryogenesis. A precise interplay between niche components, such as the vascular, mesenchymal, primitive myeloid cells, and the nervous system provides the unique signaling milieu for the emergence of functional HSCs in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region. Over the last several years, the interrogation of these aspects in the embryo model and in the PSC differentiation system has provided valuable knowledge that will continue educating the design of more efficient protocols to enable the differentiation of PSCs into
bona fide, functionally transplantable HSCs. Herein, we provide a synopsis of early hematopoietic development, with particular focus on the recent discoveries and remaining questions concerning AGM hematopoiesis. Moreover, we acknowledge the recent advances towards the generation of HSCs
in vitro and discuss possible approaches to achieve this goal in light of the current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Freire
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, USA.,Molecular Oncology Program, Georgetown University, Washington D.C., USA
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35
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Saçma M, Pospiech J, Bogeska R, de Back W, Mallm JP, Sakk V, Soller K, Marka G, Vollmer A, Karns R, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Trumpp A, Méndez-Ferrer S, Milsom MD, Mulaw MA, Geiger H, Florian MC. Haematopoietic stem cells in perisinusoidal niches are protected from ageing. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1309-1320. [PMID: 31685996 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With ageing, intrinsic haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity decreases, resulting in impaired tissue homeostasis, reduced engraftment following transplantation and increased susceptibility to diseases. However, whether ageing also affects the HSC niche, and thereby impairs its capacity to support HSC function, is still widely debated. Here, by using in-vivo long-term label-retention assays we demonstrate that aged label-retaining HSCs, which are, in old mice, the most quiescent HSC subpopulation with the highest regenerative capacity and cellular polarity, reside predominantly in perisinusoidal niches. Furthermore, we demonstrate that sinusoidal niches are uniquely preserved in shape, morphology and number on ageing. Finally, we show that myeloablative chemotherapy can selectively disrupt aged sinusoidal niches in the long term, which is linked to the lack of recovery of endothelial Jag2 at sinusoids. Overall, our data characterize the functional alterations of the aged HSC niche and unveil that perisinusoidal niches are uniquely preserved and thereby protect HSCs from ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Saçma
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Pospiech
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ruzhica Bogeska
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Division of Experimental Hematology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter de Back
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Mallm
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Division of Chromatin Network, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vadim Sakk
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karin Soller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gina Marka
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Angelika Vollmer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Andreas Trumpp
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Division of Experimental Hematology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simón Méndez-Ferrer
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood & Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D Milsom
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Division of Experimental Hematology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Medhanie A Mulaw
- Molecular Oncology Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hartmut Geiger
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria Carolina Florian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Stem Cells and Aging, Aging Research Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Barcelona, Spain.
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36
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Abstract
Evidence of the diversity and multi-layered organization of the hematopoietic system is leading to new insights that may inform ex vivo production of blood cells. Interestingly, not all long-lived hematopoietic cells derive from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here we review the current knowledge on HSC-dependent cell lineages and HSC-independent tissue-resident hematopoietic cells and how they arise during embryonic development. Classical embryological and genetic experiments, cell fate tracing data, single-cell imaging, and transcriptomics studies provide information on the molecular/cell trajectories that form the complete hematopoietic system. We also discuss the current developmentally informed efforts toward generating engraftable and multilineage blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Dzierzak
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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37
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Flint Brodsly N, Bitman-Lotan E, Boico O, Shafat A, Monastirioti M, Gessler M, Delidakis C, Rincon-Arano H, Orian A. The transcription factor Hey and nuclear lamins specify and maintain cell identity. eLife 2019; 8:44745. [PMID: 31310235 PMCID: PMC6634966 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability of differentiated cells to maintain their identity is a hallmark of age-related diseases. We found that the transcription factor Hey supervises the identity of differentiated enterocytes (ECs) in the adult Drosophila midgut. Lineage tracing established that Hey-deficient ECs are unable to maintain their unique nuclear organization and identity. To supervise cell identity, Hey determines the expression of nuclear lamins, switching from a stem-cell lamin configuration to a differentiated lamin configuration. Moreover, continued Hey expression is required to conserve large-scale nuclear organization. During aging, Hey levels decline, and EC identity and gut homeostasis are impaired, including pathological reprograming and compromised gut integrity. These phenotypes are highly similar to those observed upon acute targeting of Hey or perturbation of lamin expression in ECs in young adults. Indeed, aging phenotypes were suppressed by continued expression of Hey in ECs, suggesting that a Hey-lamin network safeguards nuclear organization and differentiated cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Flint Brodsly
- Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eliya Bitman-Lotan
- Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olga Boico
- Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adi Shafat
- Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maria Monastirioti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manfred Gessler
- Biocenter of Developmental Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christos Delidakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Hector Rincon-Arano
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Amir Orian
- Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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38
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Ottersbach K. Endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition: an update on the process of making blood. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:591-601. [PMID: 30902922 PMCID: PMC6490701 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The first definitive blood cells during embryogenesis are derived from endothelial cells in a highly conserved process known as endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT). This conversion involves activation of a haematopoietic transcriptional programme in a subset of endothelial cells in the major vasculature of the embryo, followed by major morphological changes that result in transitioning cells rounding up, breaking the tight junctions to neighbouring endothelial cells and adopting a haematopoietic fate. The whole process is co-ordinated by a complex interplay of key transcription factors and signalling pathways, with additional input from surrounding tissues. Diverse model systems, including mouse, chick and zebrafish embryos as well as differentiation of pluripotent cells in vitro, have contributed to the elucidation of the details of the EHT, which was greatly accelerated in recent years by sophisticated live imaging techniques and advances in transcriptional profiling, such as single-cell RNA-Seq. A detailed knowledge of these developmental events is required in order to be able to apply it to the generation of haematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells in vitro - an achievement which is of obvious clinical importance. The aim of this review is to summarise the latest findings and describe how these may have contributed towards achieving this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, U.K.
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39
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Hayashi Y, Sezaki M, Takizawa H. Development of the hematopoietic system: Role of inflammatory factors. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 8:e341. [PMID: 30916895 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have two defining features, multipotency and self-renewal, both of which are tightly controlled by cell autonomous programs and environmental factors throughout the lifetime of an organism. During development, HSCs are born in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, and migrate to distinct hematopoietic organs such as the placenta, fetal liver and spleen, continuously self-renewing and expanding to reach a homeostatic number. HSCs ultimately seed the bone marrow around the time of birth and become dormant to sustain lifelong hematopoiesis. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings on the role of inflammatory factors regulating HSC development, that is, emergence, trafficking and differentiation. An understanding of HSC kinetics during developmental processes will provide useful knowledge on HSC behavior under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This article is categorized under: Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Tissue Stem Cells and Niches Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Environmental Control of Stem Cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Hayashi
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Maiko Sezaki
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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40
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Alfayez M, Wang SA, Bannon SA, Kontoyiannis DP, Kornblau SM, Orange JS, Mace EM, DiNardo CD. Myeloid malignancies with somatic GATA2 mutations can be associated with an immunodeficiency phenotype. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:2025-2033. [PMID: 30648453 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1551535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in GATA2 are associated with a complex immunodeficiency and cancer predisposition syndrome. Somatic GATA2mut in myeloid malignancies may impart a similar phenotype. We reviewed adult patients with a diagnosis of GATA2mut hematological malignancy who were referred to our HHMC for genetic testing, and identified to have somatic GATA2mut. Nine patients with a median age of 63 years were included. Six patients (66.7%) were males. Atypical CML and acute myeloid leukemia were the most common initial presentation. The median overall VAF was 47.14%. Monocytopenia was pronounced when the GATA2mut involved the C-terminal ZFD. GATA2 N-terminal ZFD mutations tend to be co-mutated with biCEBPAmut. Unlike germline GATA2 mutations, monocytopenia associated with somatic GATA2 mutations often resolved at remission. We concluded that similar to germline GATA2 mutations, a subset of somatic GATA2 mutations can impart a germline phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Alfayez
- a Department of Leukemia , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Sa A Wang
- b Department of Hematopathology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Sarah A Bannon
- c Clinical Cancer Genetics Program , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis
- d Department of Infectious Diseases , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- a Department of Leukemia , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Jordan S Orange
- e Department of Pediatrics , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Emily M Mace
- e Department of Pediatrics , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Courtney D DiNardo
- a Department of Leukemia , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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41
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Slukvin II, Uenishi GI. Arterial identity of hemogenic endothelium: a key to unlock definitive hematopoietic commitment in human pluripotent stem cell cultures. Exp Hematol 2018; 71:3-12. [PMID: 30500414 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been suggested as a potential source for the de novo production of blood cells for transfusion, immunotherapies, and transplantation. However, even with advanced hematopoietic differentiation methods, the primitive and myeloid-restricted waves of hematopoiesis dominate in hPSC differentiation cultures, whereas cell surface markers to distinguish these waves of hematopoiesis from lympho-myeloid hematopoiesis remain unknown. In the embryo, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) arise from hemogenic endothelium (HE) lining arteries, but not veins. This observation led to a long-standing hypothesis that arterial specification is an essential prerequisite to initiate the HSC program. It has also been established that lymphoid potential in the yolk sac and extraembryonic vasculature is mostly confined to arteries, whereas myeloid-restricted hematopoiesis is not specific to arterial vessels. Here, we review how the link between arterialization and the subsequent definitive multilineage hematopoietic program can be exploited to identify HE enriched in lymphoid progenitors and aid in in vitro approaches to enhance the production of lymphoid cells and potentially HSCs from hPSCs. We also discuss alternative models of hematopoietic specification at arterial sites and recent advances in our understanding of hematopoietic development and the production of engraftable hematopoietic cells from hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor I Slukvin
- National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin Graduate School, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Gene I Uenishi
- National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin Graduate School, Madison, WI, USA
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42
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Uenishi GI, Jung HS, Kumar A, Park MA, Hadland BK, McLeod E, Raymond M, Moskvin O, Zimmerman CE, Theisen DJ, Swanson S, J Tamplin O, Zon LI, Thomson JA, Bernstein ID, Slukvin II. NOTCH signaling specifies arterial-type definitive hemogenic endothelium from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1828. [PMID: 29739946 PMCID: PMC5940870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NOTCH signaling is required for the arterial specification and formation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and lympho-myeloid progenitors in the embryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and extraembryonic vasculature from a distinct lineage of vascular endothelial cells with hemogenic potential. However, the role of NOTCH signaling in hemogenic endothelium (HE) specification from human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) has not been studied. Here, using a chemically defined hPSC differentiation system combined with the use of DLL1-Fc and DAPT to manipulate NOTCH, we discover that NOTCH activation in hPSC-derived immature HE progenitors leads to formation of CD144+CD43−CD73−DLL4+Runx1 + 23-GFP+ arterial-type HE, which requires NOTCH signaling to undergo endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition and produce definitive lympho-myeloid and erythroid cells. These findings demonstrate that NOTCH-mediated arterialization of HE is an essential prerequisite for establishing definitive lympho-myeloid program and suggest that exploring molecular pathways that lead to arterial specification may aid in vitro approaches to enhance definitive hematopoiesis from hPSCs. It is unclear whether arterial specification is required for hematopoietic stem cell formation. Here, the authors use a chemically defined human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation system to show the role of NOTCH signaling in forming arterial-type hemogenic endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene I Uenishi
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Ho Sun Jung
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Brandon K Hadland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Ethan McLeod
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Matthew Raymond
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Oleg Moskvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Catherine E Zimmerman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Derek J Theisen
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Scott Swanson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Owen J Tamplin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - James A Thomson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53707, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Igor I Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53792, USA. .,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53707, USA.
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43
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Saito K, Nobuhisa I, Harada K, Takahashi S, Anani M, Lickert H, Kanai-Azuma M, Kanai Y, Taga T. Maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in fetal intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters by the Sox17-Notch1-Hes1 axis. Exp Cell Res 2018; 365:145-155. [PMID: 29458175 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, from which definitive hematopoiesis first arises in midgestation mouse embryos, has intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters (IAHCs) containing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). We previously reported expression of the transcription factor Sox17 in IAHCs, and overexpression of Sox17 in CD45lowc-KIThigh cells comprising IAHCs maintains the formation of cell clusters and their multipotency in vitro over multiple passages. Here, we demonstrate the importance of NOTCH1 in IAHC formation and maintenance of the HSC/HPC phenotype. We further show that Notch1 expression is positively regulated by SOX17 via direct binding to its gene promoter. SOX17 and NOTCH1 were both found to be expressed in vivo in cells of IAHCs by whole mount immunostaining. We found that cells transduced with the active form of NOTCH1 or its downstream target, Hes1, maintained their multipotent colony-forming capacity in semisolid medium. Moreover, cells stimulated by NOTCH1 ligand, Jagged1, or Delta-like protein 1, had the capacity to form multilineage colonies. Conversely, knockdown of Notch1 and Hes1 led to a reduction of their multipotent colony-forming capacity. These results suggest that the Sox17-Notch1-Hes1 pathway is critical for maintaining the undifferentiated state of IAHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoka Saito
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ikuo Nobuhisa
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Kaho Harada
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Satomi Takahashi
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Maha Anani
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan; Department of Clinical Pathology, Suez Canal University, 4.5 km the Ring Road, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Masami Kanai-Azuma
- Department of Experimental Animal Model for Human Disease, Center for Experimental Animals, TMDU, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 - 8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiakira Kanai
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taga
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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Bigas A, Porcheri C. Notch and Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1066:235-263. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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45
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Eich C, Arlt J, Vink CS, Solaimani Kartalaei P, Kaimakis P, Mariani SA, van der Linden R, van Cappellen WA, Dzierzak E. In vivo single cell analysis reveals Gata2 dynamics in cells transitioning to hematopoietic fate. J Exp Med 2017; 215:233-248. [PMID: 29217535 PMCID: PMC5748852 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eich et al. reveal the dynamic expression of the Gata2 transcription factor in single aortic cells transitioning to hematopoietic fate by vital imaging of Gata2Venus mouse embryos. Pulsatile expression level changes highlight an unstable genetic state during hematopoietic cell generation. Cell fate is established through coordinated gene expression programs in individual cells. Regulatory networks that include the Gata2 transcription factor play central roles in hematopoietic fate establishment. Although Gata2 is essential to the embryonic development and function of hematopoietic stem cells that form the adult hierarchy, little is known about the in vivo expression dynamics of Gata2 in single cells. Here, we examine Gata2 expression in single aortic cells as they establish hematopoietic fate in Gata2Venus mouse embryos. Time-lapse imaging reveals rapid pulsatile level changes in Gata2 reporter expression in cells undergoing endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition. Moreover, Gata2 reporter pulsatile expression is dramatically altered in Gata2+/− aortic cells, which undergo fewer transitions and are reduced in hematopoietic potential. Our novel finding of dynamic pulsatile expression of Gata2 suggests a highly unstable genetic state in single cells concomitant with their transition to hematopoietic fate. This reinforces the notion that threshold levels of Gata2 influence fate establishment and has implications for transcription factor–related hematologic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Eich
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Stem Cell Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jochen Arlt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Chris S Vink
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Polynikis Kaimakis
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Stem Cell Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Samanta A Mariani
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Reinier van der Linden
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Stem Cell Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wiggert A van Cappellen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Stem Cell Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands .,Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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46
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McGarvey AC, Rybtsov S, Souilhol C, Tamagno S, Rice R, Hills D, Godwin D, Rice D, Tomlinson SR, Medvinsky A. A molecular roadmap of the AGM region reveals BMPER as a novel regulator of HSC maturation. J Exp Med 2017; 214:3731-3751. [PMID: 29093060 PMCID: PMC5716029 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20162012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Through transcriptional profiling of the mouse AGM region, McGarvey et al. identify potential niche regulators of HSC development. They show a new function of BMPER in regulating HSC maturation, likely via its modulation of BMP signalling. In the developing embryo, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region, but the molecular regulation of this process is poorly understood. Recently, the progression from E9.5 to E10.5 and polarity along the dorso-ventral axis have been identified as clear demarcations of the supportive HSC niche. To identify novel secreted regulators of HSC maturation, we performed RNA sequencing over these spatiotemporal transitions in the AGM region and supportive OP9 cell line. Screening several proteins through an ex vivo reaggregate culture system, we identify BMPER as a novel positive regulator of HSC development. We demonstrate that BMPER is associated with BMP signaling inhibition, but is transcriptionally induced by BMP4, suggesting that BMPER contributes to the precise control of BMP activity within the AGM region, enabling the maturation of HSCs within a BMP-negative environment. These findings and the availability of our transcriptional data through an accessible interface should provide insight into the maintenance and potential derivation of HSCs in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C McGarvey
- Stem Cell Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- Ontogeny of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Céline Souilhol
- Ontogeny of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Sara Tamagno
- Ontogeny of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Ritva Rice
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Hills
- Ontogeny of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Duncan Godwin
- Stem Cell Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - David Rice
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simon R Tomlinson
- Stem Cell Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Alexander Medvinsky
- Ontogeny of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Group, Institute for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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47
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Sanghez V, Luzzi A, Clarke D, Kee D, Beuder S, Rux D, Osawa M, Madrenas J, Chou TF, Kyba M, Iacovino M. Notch activation is required for downregulation of HoxA3-dependent endothelial cell phenotype during blood formation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186818. [PMID: 29073173 PMCID: PMC5658089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemogenic endothelium (HE) undergoes endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) to generate blood, a process that requires progressive down-regulation of endothelial genes and induction of hematopoietic ones. Previously, we have shown that the transcription factor HoxA3 prevents blood formation by inhibiting Runx1 expression, maintaining endothelial gene expression and thus blocking EHT. In the present study, we show that HoxA3 also prevents blood formation by inhibiting Notch pathway. HoxA3 induced upregulation of Jag1 ligand in endothelial cells, which led to cis-inhibition of the Notch pathway, rendering the HE nonresponsive to Notch signals. While Notch activation alone was insufficient to promote blood formation in the presence of HoxA3, activation of Notch or downregulation of Jag1 resulted in a loss of the endothelial phenotype which is a prerequisite for EHT. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Notch pathway activation is necessary to downregulate endothelial markers during EHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Sanghez
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Anna Luzzi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Don Clarke
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Dustin Kee
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Steven Beuder
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Danielle Rux
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Mitsujiro Osawa
- CiRA
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Joaquín Madrenas
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Michael Kyba
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Michelina Iacovino
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, United States of America
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48
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Perlin JR, Robertson AL, Zon LI. Efforts to enhance blood stem cell engraftment: Recent insights from zebrafish hematopoiesis. J Exp Med 2017; 214:2817-2827. [PMID: 28830909 PMCID: PMC5626407 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perlin et al. discuss recent findings in the field of zebrafish hematopoiesis, focusing on the transcriptional regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) induction and HSC–niche interactions. Manipulation of developmental signaling pathways may enhance HSC bioengineering, which would improve transplantation therapies. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapy for patients with a variety of hematological malignancies. HSCT would be greatly improved if patient-specific hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) could be generated from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro. There is an incomplete understanding of the genes and signals involved in HSC induction, migration, maintenance, and niche engraftment. Recent studies in zebrafish have revealed novel genes that are required for HSC induction and niche regulation of HSC homeostasis. Manipulation of these signaling pathways and cell types may improve HSC bioengineering, which could significantly advance critical, lifesaving HSCT therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R Perlin
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anne L Robertson
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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49
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Yang J, Tanaka Y, Seay M, Li Z, Jin J, Garmire LX, Zhu X, Taylor A, Li W, Euskirchen G, Halene S, Kluger Y, Snyder MP, Park IH, Pan X, Weissman SM. Single cell transcriptomics reveals unanticipated features of early hematopoietic precursors. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:1281-1296. [PMID: 28003475 PMCID: PMC5388401 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular changes underlying stem cell differentiation are of fundamental interest. scRNA-seq on murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and their progeny MPP1 separated the cells into 3 main clusters with distinct features: active, quiescent, and an un-characterized cluster. Induction of anemia resulted in mobilization of the quiescent to the active cluster and of the early to later stage of cell cycle, with marked increase in expression of certain transcription factors (TFs) while maintaining expression of interferon response genes. Cells with surface markers of long term HSC increased the expression of a group of TFs expressed highly in normal cycling MPP1 cells. However, at least Id1 and Hes1 were significantly activated in both HSC and MPP1 cells in anemic mice. Lineage-specific genes were differently expressed between cells, and correlated with the cell cycle stages with a specific augmentation of erythroid related genes in the G2/M phase. Most lineage specific TFs were stochastically expressed in the early precursor cells, but a few, such as Klf1, were detected only at very low levels in few precursor cells. The activation of these factors may correlate with stages of differentiation. This study reveals effects of cell cycle progression on the expression of lineage specific genes in precursor cells, and suggests that hematopoietic stress changes the balance of renewal and differentiation in these homeostatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yang
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Montrell Seay
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lana Xia Garmire
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Xun Zhu
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Ashley Taylor
- Hematology, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Ghia Euskirchen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo, Alto, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Halene
- Hematology, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuval Kluger
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo, Alto, CA, USA
| | - In-Hyun Park
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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50
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Wang P, Shu B, Xu Y, Zhu J, Liu J, Zhou Z, Chen L, Zhao J, Liu X, Qi S, Xiong K, Xie J. Basic fibroblast growth factor reduces scar by inhibiting the differentiation of epidermal stem cells to myofibroblasts via the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:114. [PMID: 28511663 PMCID: PMC5434520 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays an important role in promoting wound healing and reducing scar, but the possible molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Our previous studies have found that activating the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway can inhibit the differentiation of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) to myofibroblasts (MFB). Herein, we document that bFGF reduces scar by inhibiting the differentiation of ESCs to MFB via activating the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway. Methods In in-vitro study, ESCs were isolated from 10 neonatal SD rats (1–3 days old), cultured in keratinocyte serum-free medium, and divided into six groups: bFGF group, bFGF + SU5402 group, bFGF + DAPT group, siJagged1 group, bFGF + siJagged1 group, and control group. Jagged1 of the ESCs in the siJagged1 group and bFGF + siJagged1 group was knocked down by small-interfering RNA transfection. Expression of ESC markers (CK15/CK10), MFB markers (α-SMA, Collagen I, Collagen III), and Notch1/Jagged1 components (Jagged1, Notch1, Hes1) was detected by FCM, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis to study the relationships of bFGF, ESCs, and Notch1/Jagged1 pathway. In in-vivo study, the wound healing time and scar hyperplasia were observed on rabbit ear scar models. The quality of wound healing was estimated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining. Expression of ESC markers, MFB markers and Notch1/Jagged1 components was elucidated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis. Results The in-vitro study showed that bFGF could significantly upregulate the expression of ESC markers and Notch1/Jagged1 components, while downregulating the expression of MFB markers at the same time. However, these effects could be obviously decreased when we knocked down Jagged1 or added DAPT. Similarly, in in-vivo study, bFGF also exhibited its functions in inhibiting the differentiation of rabbit ESCs to MFB by activating the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway, which improved the wound healing quality and alleviated scar significantly. Conclusion These results provide evidence that bFGF can reduce scar by inhibiting the differentiation of ESCs to MFB via the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway, and present a new promising potential direction for the treatment of scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Shu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Xu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuan Zhu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingling Zhao
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohai Qi
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Julin Xie
- Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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