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Privitera G, Williams JJ, De Salvo C. The Importance of Th2 Immune Responses in Mediating the Progression of Gastritis-Associated Metaplasia to Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:522. [PMID: 38339273 PMCID: PMC10854712 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide, with chronic gastritis representing the main predisposing factor initiating the cascade of events leading to metaplasia and eventually progressing to cancer. A widely accepted classification distinguishes between autoimmune and environmental atrophic gastritis, mediated, respectively, by T cells promoting the destruction of the oxyntic mucosa, and chronic H. pylori infection, which has also been identified as the major risk factor for gastric cancer. The original dogma posits Th1 immunity as a main causal factor for developing gastritis and metaplasia. Recently, however, it has become evident that Th2 immune responses play a major role in the events causing chronic inflammation leading to tumorigenesis, and in this context, many different cell types and cytokines are involved. In particular, the activity of cytokines, such as IL-33 and IL-13, and cell types, such as mast cells, M2 macrophages and eosinophils, are intertwined in the process, promoting chronic gastritis-dependent and more diffuse metaplasia. Herein, we provide an overview of the critical events driving the pathology of this disease, focusing on the most recent findings regarding the importance of Th2 immunity in gastritis and gastric metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Privitera
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (G.P.); (J.J.W.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Joseph J. Williams
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (G.P.); (J.J.W.)
| | - Carlo De Salvo
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (G.P.); (J.J.W.)
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2
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Arruda LK, Cordeiro DL, Langer SS, Koenigham-Santos M, Calado RT, Dias MM, Anhesini LR, Oliveira JB, Grimbacher B, Ferriani MP. Efficacy of dupilumab for the treatment of severe skin disease in cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 insufficiency: A role of type 2 inflammation? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2023; 2:114-117. [PMID: 37780100 PMCID: PMC10509893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on the successful treatment of a severe, recalcitrant dermatitis caused by CTLA-4 insufficiency with dupilumab, raising the possibility of a role of type 2 immunity in clinical conditions associated with CTLA-4 insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Karla Arruda
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel L. Cordeiro
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah S. Langer
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcel Koenigham-Santos
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T. Calado
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina M. Dias
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Clinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST–Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mariana P.L. Ferriani
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Sun W, Sun F, Meng J, Cao X, Zhao S, Wang C, Li L, Jiang P. Design, semi-synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of novel podophyllotoxin derivatives as potent anti-tumor agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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4
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Shabbir M, Badshah Y, Khan K, Trembley JH, Rizwan A, Faraz F, Shah SA, Farooqi M, Ashraf NM, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alruwaili NW, Razak S. Association of CTLA-4 and IL-4 polymorphisms in viral induced liver cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:518. [PMID: 35525950 PMCID: PMC9080112 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer and is responsible for close to one million annual deaths globally. In Pakistan, HCC accounts for 10.7% of cancer incidence. Prior studies indicated an association between interleukin 4 (IL-4) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphisms in many types of cancers, including HCC that are either hepatitis B virus (HBV)- or hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-induced. The association of IL-4 and CTLA-4 genetic polymorphisms with HCV-induced HCC is not yet determined in the Pakistani population. Therefore, this research is designed to investigate the implication of IL-4 and CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms by determining the association of IL-4 -590 C/T (rs2243250) and CTLA-4 + 49 A/G (rs231775) with HCC in Pakistan. Methods Different bioinformatics tools were employed to determine the pathogenicity of these polymorphisms. Samples were collected from HCV-induced HCC patients, followed by DNA extraction and ARMS-PCR analysis. Results The SNP analysis results indicated a positive association of IL-4 -590C/T and CTLA-4 + 49A/G gene polymorphisms with HCV-induced HCC in Pakistan. The CTLA-4 polymorphism might enhance therapeutic efficiency of HCC chemotherapy medicines. The IL-4 polymorphism might introduce new transcription factor binding site in IL-4 promoter region. Conclusion This study delineated risk factor alleles in CTLA-4 and IL-4 genes associated with HCV-mediated HCC among Pakistani patients that may have application to serve as genetic markers for pre- and early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC in HCV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shabbir
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Yasmin Badshah
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Janeen H Trembley
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System Research Service, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Areeb Rizwan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Faraz
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Alveena Shah
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahrukh Farooqi
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf W Alruwaili
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Chen Z, DiPaolo RJ. Editorial: Autoimmunity, Infection and Cancer, an Inflammatory Relationship With Intimate Implication to Cancer Prevention and Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:855191. [PMID: 35223861 PMCID: PMC8873587 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.855191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhibin Chen, ; Richard J. DiPaolo,
| | - Richard J. DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhibin Chen, ; Richard J. DiPaolo,
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Hoft SG, Noto CN, DiPaolo RJ. Two Distinct Etiologies of Gastric Cancer: Infection and Autoimmunity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:752346. [PMID: 34900999 PMCID: PMC8661534 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.752346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma, which comprises >90% of gastric cancers, is multifactorial, but most associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Autoimmune gastritis is a chronic autoinflammatory syndrome where self-reactive immune cells are activated by gastric epithelial cell autoantigens. This cause of gastritis is more so associated with the development of neuroendocrine tumors. However, in both autoimmune and infection-induced gastritis, high risk metaplastic lesions develop within the gastric mucosa. This warrants concern for carcinogenesis in both inflammatory settings. There are many similarities and differences in disease progression between these two etiologies of chronic gastritis. Both diseases have an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma development, but each have their own unique comorbidities. Autoimmune gastritis is a primary cause of pernicious anemia, whereas chronic infection typically causes gastrointestinal ulceration. Both immune responses are driven by T cells, primarily CD4+ T cells of the IFN-γ producing, Th1 phenotype. Neutrophilic infiltrates help clear H. pylori infection, but neutrophils are not necessarily recruited in the autoimmune setting. There have also been hypotheses that infection with H. pylori initiates autoimmune gastritis, but the literature is far from definitive with evidence of infection-independent autoimmune gastric disease. Gastric cancer incidence is increasing among young women in the United States, a population at higher risk of developing autoimmune disease, and H. pylori infection rates are falling. Therefore, a better understanding of these two chronic inflammatory diseases is needed to identify their roles in initiating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella G Hoft
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Christine N Noto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Zádori N, Szakó L, Váncsa S, Vörhendi N, Oštarijaš E, Kiss S, Frim L, Hegyi P, Czimmer J. Six Autoimmune Disorders Are Associated With Increased Incidence of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Half a Million Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:750533. [PMID: 34887857 PMCID: PMC8650004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.750533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a high mortality rate. The potential etiological role of autoimmune (AI) disorders has been described in gastric cancer; however, the literature is controversial. This study aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the association between autoimmune disorders and the incidence of gastric cancer. Methods This study was registered on PROSPERO under registration number CRD42021262875. The systematic literature search was conducted in four scientific databases up to May 17, 2021. Studies that reported standardized incidence rate (SIR) of gastric cancer in autoimmune disorders were eligible. We calculated pooled SIRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in this meta-analysis. Results We included 43 articles describing 36 AI disorders with data of 499,427 patients from four continents in our systematic review and meta-analysis. Significantly increased incidence of gastric cancer was observed in dermatomyositis (SIR = 3.71; CI: 2.04, 6.75), pernicious anemia (SIR = 3.28; CI: 2.71, 3.96), inflammatory myopathies (SIR = 2.68; CI:1.40; 5.12), systemic lupus erythematosus (SIR = 1.48; CI: 1.09, 2.01), diabetes mellitus type I (SIR = 1.29; CI:1.14, 1,47), and Graves’ disease (SIR = 1.28; CI: 1.16, 1.41). No significant associations could be found regarding other AI disorders. Conclusions Pernicious anemia, Graves’ disease, dermatomyositis, diabetes mellitus type I, inflammatory myopathies, and systemic lupus erythematosus are associated with higher incidence rates of gastric cancer. Therefore, close gastroenterological follow-up or routinely performed gastroscopy and application of other diagnostic measures may be cost-effective and clinically helpful for patients diagnosed with these autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Zádori
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lajos Szakó
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Váncsa
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Vörhendi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eduard Oštarijaš
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Kiss
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Frim
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Czimmer
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Division of Gastroenterology, First Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Noto CN, Hoft SG, Bockerstett KA, Jackson NM, Ford EL, Vest LS, DiPaolo RJ. IL13 Acts Directly on Gastric Epithelial Cells to Promote Metaplasia Development During Chronic Gastritis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:623-642. [PMID: 34587523 PMCID: PMC8715193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is well established that chronic inflammation promotes gastric cancer-associated metaplasia, but little is known regarding the mechanisms by which immune cells and cytokines regulate metaplastic cellular changes. The goals of this study were to identify interleukin 13 (IL13)-producing immune cells, determine the gastric epithelial cell response(s) to IL13, and establish the role(s) of IL13 in metaplasia development. METHODS Experiments used an established mouse model of autoimmune gastritis (TxA23), TxA23×Il4ra-/- mice, which develop gastritis but do not express the IL4/IL13-receptor subunit IL4Rα, and TxA23×Il13-Yfp mice, which express yellow fluorescent protein in IL13-producing cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure IL13 secretion and identify IL13-producing immune cells. Mouse and human gastric organoids were cultured with IL13 to determine epithelial cell response(s) to IL13. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on gastric epithelial cells from healthy and inflamed mouse stomachs. Mice with gastritis were administered IL13-neutralizing antibodies and stomachs were analyzed by histopathology and immunofluorescence. RESULTS We identified 6 unique subsets of IL13-producing immune cells in the inflamed stomach. Organoid cultures showed that IL13 acts directly on gastric epithelium to induce a metaplastic phenotype. IL4Rα-deficient mice did not progress to metaplasia. Single-cell RNA sequencing determined that gastric epithelial cells from IL4Rα-deficient mice up-regulated inflammatory genes but failed to up-regulate metaplasia-associated transcripts. Neutralization of IL13 significantly reduced and reversed metaplasia development in mice with gastritis. CONCLUSIONS IL13 is made by a variety of immune cell subsets during chronic gastritis and promotes gastric cancer-associated metaplastic epithelial cell changes. Neutralization of IL13 reduces metaplasia severity during chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine N Noto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stella G Hoft
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kevin A Bockerstett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nicholas M Jackson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric L Ford
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Luke S Vest
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Li CM, Chen Z. Autoimmunity as an Etiological Factor of Cancer: The Transformative Potential of Chronic Type 2 Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664305. [PMID: 34235145 PMCID: PMC8255631 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have found an alarming trend of increased cancer incidence in adults younger than 50 years of age and projected a substantial rise in cancer incidence over the next 10 years in this age group. This trend was exemplified in the incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer and its disproportionate impact on non-Hispanic white females under the age of 50. The trend is concurrent with the increasing incidence of autoimmune diseases in industrialized countries, suggesting a causal link between the two. While autoimmunity has been suspected to be a risk factor for some cancers, the exact mechanisms underlying the connection between autoimmunity and cancer remain unclear and are often controversial. The link has been attributed to several mediators such as immune suppression, infection, diet, environment, or, perhaps most plausibly, chronic inflammation because of its well-recognized role in tumorigenesis. In that regard, autoimmune conditions are common causes of chronic inflammation and may trigger repetitive cycles of antigen-specific cell damage, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. Illustrating the connection between autoimmune diseases and cancer are patients who have an increased risk of cancer development associated with genetically predisposed insufficiency of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), a prototypical immune checkpoint against autoimmunity and one of the main targets of cancer immune therapy. The tumorigenic process triggered by CTLA4 insufficiency has been shown in a mouse model to be dependent on the type 2 cytokines interleukin-4 (IL4) and interleukin-13 (IL13). In this type 2 inflammatory milieu, crosstalk with type 2 immune cells may initiate epigenetic reprogramming of epithelial cells, leading to a metaplastic differentiation and eventually malignant transformation even in the absence of classical oncogenic mutations. Those findings complement a large body of evidence for type 1, type 3, or other inflammatory mediators in inflammatory tumorigenesis. This review addresses the potential of autoimmunity as a causal factor for tumorigenesis, the underlying inflammatory mechanisms that may vary depending on host-environment variations, and implications to cancer prevention and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Honan AM, Chen Z. Stromal Cells Underlining the Paths From Autoimmunity, Inflammation to Cancer With Roles Beyond Structural and Nutritional Support. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658984. [PMID: 34113615 PMCID: PMC8185233 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells provide structural support and nutrients in secondary lymphoid organs and non-lymphoid tissues. However, accumulating evidence suggests that a complex relationship exists between stromal cells and immune cells. Interactions between immune cells and stromal cells have been shown to influence the pathology of both autoimmunity and cancer. This review examines the heterogeneity of stromal cells within the lymph node and non-lymphoid tissues during both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, in particular autoimmunity and cancer, with the goal of better understanding the complex and apparently paradoxical relationship between these two classes of diseases. The review surveys potential novel mechanisms involving the interactions between stromal cells and immune cells which may contribute to the development, pathology and underlying connection between autoimmunity and cancer, including potential pathways from autoimmune inflammation to either “hot” or “cold” tumors. These interactions may provide some insights to explain the rising incidence of both autoimmunity and cancer in young women in industrialized countries and have the potential to be exploited in the development of new interventions for preventions and treatments of both autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Honan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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Bednarz-Misa I, Diakowska D, Szczuka I, Fortuna P, Kubiak A, Rosińczuk J, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Interleukins 4 and 13 and Their Receptors Are Differently Expressed in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers, Depending on the Anatomical Site and Disease Advancement, and Improve Colon Cancer Cell Viability and Motility. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1463. [PMID: 32512917 PMCID: PMC7352212 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive interleukins (IL)-4 and 13 may directly promote cancer but neither their status nor role in gastrointestinal tract is clarified. We aim at quantifying ILs and their receptors in paired normal-tumor samples (n = 49/51) and sera (n = 263), using immunoassays and RTqPCR, and screening for their effect on colonic cancer cells. Both ILs were elevated locally at protein level in all cancers but only IL13 transcripts in colon were upregulated. Interleukin and their receptor expression reflected cancer pathology to varying degrees, with the association frequently inverse and manifested in non-cancerous tissue. Positive correlation with cancer-promoting genes BCL2, BCLxL, HIF1A, VEGFA, ACTA2, CCL2, PTGS2, and CDKN1A, but not Ki67, was demonstrated, particularly for ILs' receptors. Circulating IL-4 was elevated in all, while IL-13 only in colorectal or esophageal cancers, reflecting their advancement. IL4Ra and IL13Ra1 transcripts were downregulated by hypoxia and, in Caco-2, also by IL-4. Interleukin stimulation slightly improved colonic cancer cell viability, weakly upregulating BCL2 and Ki67 in HCT116 and HT-29. It affected cell motility more markedly and was consistently accompanied by upregulation of claudin-2. Gastrointestinal tract cancers are associated with IL-4 and IL-13 upregulation, which may facilitate cancer growth. Targeting both interleukins as an antineoplastic strategy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Izabela Szczuka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Paulina Fortuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kubiak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Rosińczuk
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
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Bockerstett KA, Petersen CP, Noto CN, Kuehm LM, Wong CF, Ford EL, Teague RM, Mills JC, Goldenring JR, DiPaolo RJ. Interleukin 27 Protects From Gastric Atrophy and Metaplasia During Chronic Autoimmune Gastritis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 10:561-579. [PMID: 32376420 PMCID: PMC7399182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The association between chronic inflammation and gastric carcinogenesis is well established, but it is not clear how immune cells and cytokines regulate this process. We investigated the role of interleukin 27 (IL27) in the development of gastric atrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia (preneoplastic lesions associated with inflammation-induced gastric cancer) in mice with autoimmune gastritis. METHODS We performed studies with TxA23 mice (control mice), which express a T-cell receptor against the H+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase α chain and develop autoimmune gastritis, and TxA23xEbi3-/- mice, which develop gastritis but do not express IL27. In some experiments, mice were given high-dose tamoxifen to induce parietal cell atrophy and spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM). Recombinant IL27 was administered to mice with mini osmotic pumps. Stomachs were collected and analyzed by histopathology and immunofluorescence; we used flow cytometry to measure IL27 and identify immune cells that secrete IL27 in the gastric mucosa. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on immune cells that infiltrated stomach tissues. RESULTS We identified IL27-secreting macrophages and dendritic cell in the corpus of mice with chronic gastritis (TxA23 mice). Mice deficient in IL27 developed more severe gastritis, atrophy, and SPEM than control mice. Administration of recombinant IL27 significantly reduced the severity of inflammation, atrophy, and SPEM in mice with gastritis. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that IL27 acted almost exclusively on stomach-infiltrating CD4+ T cells to suppress expression of inflammatory genes. CONCLUSIONS In studies of mice with autoimmune gastritis, we found that IL27 is an inhibitor of gastritis and SPEM, suppressing CD4+ T-cell-mediated inflammation in the gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Bockerstett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Christine P Petersen
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christine N Noto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Lindsey M Kuehm
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Chun Fung Wong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric L Ford
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan M Teague
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Jason C Mills
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - James R Goldenring
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
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Emamgolizadeh Gurt Tapeh B, Mosayyebi B, Samei M, Beyrampour Basmenj H, Mohammadi A, Alivand MR, Hassanpour P, Solali S. microRNAs involved in T-cell development, selection, activation, and hemostasis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8461-8471. [PMID: 32324267 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) characterized by small, noncoding RNAs have a fundamental role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Additionally, miRNAs have recently been identified as potential regulators of various genes involved in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune and inflammatory disease. So far, the interaction between miRNAs and T lymphocytes in the immune response as a new and significant topic has not been emphasized substantially. The role of miRNAs in different biological processes including apoptosis, immune checkpoints and the activation of immune cells is still unclear. Aberrant miRNA expression profile affects various aspects of T-cell function. Accordingly, in this literature review, we summarized the role of significant miRNAs in T-cell development processes. Consequently, we demonstrated precise mechanisms that candidate miRNAs interfere in Immune response mediated by different types of T cells. We believe that a good understanding of the interaction between miRNAs and immune response contributes to the new therapeutic strategies in relation to disease with an immunological origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Emamgolizadeh Gurt Tapeh
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bashir Mosayyebi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Samei
- Department of Immunology, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of cancer and inflammation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mohammad R Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Hassanpour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Xiong D, Wang Y, You M. Tumor intrinsic immunity related proteins may be novel tumor suppressors in some types of cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10918. [PMID: 31358815 PMCID: PMC6662687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) can unleash T-cell responses against cancer. However, only a small fraction of patients exhibited responses to ICBT. The role of immune checkpoints in cancer cells is not well understood. In this study, we analyzed T-cell coinhibitory/costimulatory genes across more than 1100 samples of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). Nearly 90% of such genes were not expressed or had low expression across the CCLE cancer cell lines. Cell line screening showed the enrichment of cancer cells deprived of the expression of CD27, CEACAM1, CTLA4, LRIG1, PDCD1LG2, or TNFRSF18, suggesting their role as tumor suppressor. The metagene expression signature derived from these six genes - Immu6Metagene was associated with prolonged survival phenotypes. A common set of five oncogenic pathways were significantly inhibited in different types of tumors of the cancer patients with good survival outcome and high Immu6Metagene signature expression. These pathways were TGF-β signaling, angiogenesis, EMT, hypoxia and mitotic process. Our study showed that oncoimmunology related molecules especially the six genes of the Immu6Metagene signature may play the tumor suppressor role in certain cancers. Therefore, the ICBT targeting them should be considered in such context to improve the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Xiong
- Center for Disease Prevention Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Ming You
- Center for Disease Prevention Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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15
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Osaki LH, Bockerstett KA, Wong CF, Ford EL, Madison BB, DiPaolo RJ, Mills JC. Interferon-γ directly induces gastric epithelial cell death and is required for progression to metaplasia. J Pathol 2019; 247:513-523. [PMID: 30511397 DOI: 10.1002/path.5214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa, often caused by autoimmune gastritis and/or infection with Helicobacter pylori, can lead to atrophy of acid-secreting parietal cells with metaplasia of remaining cells. The histological pattern marks a critical step in the progression from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer, yet underlying mechanism(s) of inflammation-induced cell death of gastric epithelial cells are poorly understood. We investigated direct effects of a type 1 cytokine associated with autoimmunity and infection, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), on gastric epithelial cells. IFN-γ was applied to three-dimensional organoid cultures of gastric epithelial cells derived from gastric corpus gland (gastroids) of control and IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice. Gastroids were also treated with supernatants from activated immune cells isolated from a mouse model of autoimmune-mediated atrophic gastritis (TxA23) with and without IFN-γ expression. Finally, histopathological analysis of atrophy and metaplasia severity was performed in TxA23 mice and compared to TxA23 × Ifng-/- mice. Gastric epithelial cells in gastroid cultures expressed IFN-γ receptor in the basolateral membrane, and gastroids died when treated with IFN-γ in an IFN-γ receptor-dependent manner. Supernatants from immune cells containing high levels of IFN-γ were highly toxic to gastroids, and toxicity was tempered when IFN-γ was either neutralized using a monoclonal antibody or when supernatants from Ifng-/- mouse immune cells were used. Finally, TxA23 × Ifng-/- mice showed near-complete abrogation of pre-cancerous histopathological atrophy and metaplasia versus IFN-γ-sufficient controls. We identify IFN-γ as a critical promoter of parietal cell atrophy with metaplasia during the progression of gastritis to gastric atrophy and metaplasia. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana H Osaki
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kevin A Bockerstett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chun F Wong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Eric L Ford
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Blair B Madison
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jason C Mills
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.,Developmental Biology, Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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