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Zhang Y, Chen X, Fang D, Yan H, Wang D, Wang X, Li J, Zhai Y, Chu X, Wang D, Zhao H, Fang X. Adsorption Behavior of NO and NO 2 on Two-Dimensional As, Sb, and Bi Materials: First-Principles Insights. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1024. [PMID: 38473496 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
To address the most significant environmental challenges, the quest for high-performance gas sensing materials is crucial. Among numerous two-dimensional materials, this study investigates the gas-sensitive capabilities of monolayer As, Sb, and Bi materials. To compare the gas detection abilities of these three materials, we employ first-principles calculations to comprehensively study the adsorption behavior of NO and NO2 gas molecules on the material surfaces. The results indicate that monolayer Bi material exhibits reasonable adsorption distances, substantial adsorption energies, and significant charge transfer for both NO and NO2 gases. Therefore, among the materials studied, it demonstrates the best gas detection capability. Furthermore, monolayer As and Sb materials exhibit remarkably high capacities for adsorbing NO and NO2 gas molecules, firmly interacting with the gas molecules. Gas adsorption induces changes in the material's work function, suggesting the potential application of these two materials as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dengkui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yingjiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xueying Chu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- Department of Opto-Electronic Information Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Wei-Xing Road, Changchun 130022, China
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2
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Sitlapersad RS, Thornton AR, den Otter WK. A simple efficient algorithm for molecular simulations of constant potential electrodes. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034107. [PMID: 38235800 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, society requires high power, high energy storage devices for applications ranging from electric vehicles to buffers on the electric grid. Supercapacitors are a promising contribution to meeting these demands, though there still remain unsolved practical problems. Molecular dynamics simulations can shed light on the relevant molecular level processes in electric double layer capacitors, but these simulations are computationally very demanding. Our focus here is on the algorithmic complexity of the constant potential method (CPM), which uses dedicated electrostatics solvers to maintain a fixed potential difference between two conducting electrodes. We show how any standard electrostatics solver-capable of calculating the energies and forces on all atoms-can be used to implement CPM with a minimum of coding. As an example, we compare our generalized implementation of CPM, based on invocations of the particle-particle-particle-mesh routine of the Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator, with a traditional implementation based on a dedicated re-implementation of Ewald summation. Both methods yield comparable results on four test systems, with the former achieving a substantial gain in speed and improved scalability. The step from dedicated electrostatic solvers to generic routines is made possible by noting that CPM's traditional narrow Gaussian point-spread of atomic charges on the electrodes effectively endows point-like atoms with chemical hardness, i.e., an intra-atomic energy quadratic in the charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranisha S Sitlapersad
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony R Thornton
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter K den Otter
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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3
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Cheng Y, Li Z, Cheng L, Yuan Y, Xie E, Cao X, Xin Z, Liu Y, Tang T, Hu X, Xu K, Manh Hung C, Jannat A, Li YX, Chen H, Ou JZ. Thickness-Dependent Room-Temperature Optoelectronic Gas Sensing Performances of 2D Nonlayered Indium Oxide Crystals from a Liquid Metal Printing Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38015181 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Due to excellent gas sensing performances, such as high responsivity, good selectivity, and long-term stability, two-dimensional (2D) nonlayered metal oxide semiconductors have attracted wide attention. However, their thickness-dependent gas sensing behaviors are rarely investigated, which is critical in the development of practical 2D sensors. In this work, 2D In2O3 crystals with a range of thicknesses are realized by extracting the self-limited oxide layer from the liquid indium droplets in a controlled environment. A strong thickness-dependent optoelectronic NO2 sensing behavior at room temperature is observed. While full reversibility and excellent selectivity toward NO2 are shown despite the thicknesses of 2D In2O3, the 1.9 nm thick In2O3 exhibits a maximum response amplitude (ΔI/Ig = 1300) for 10 ppm of NO2 at room temperature with 365 nm light irradiation, which is about 18, 58, and 810 times larger than those of its 3.1 nm thick, 4.5 nm thick, and 6.2 nm thick counterparts, respectively. The shortest response and recovery times (i.e., 40 s/48 s) are demonstrated for the 1.88 nm thick In2O3 as well. We correlate such a phenomenon with the change in the In2O3 band structure, which is influenced by the thickness of 2D crystals. This work provides in-depth knowledge of the thickness-dependent gas-sensing performances of emerging 2D nonlayered metal oxide crystals, as well as the opportunities to develop next-generation high-performing room-temperature gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yuxiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - En Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiaolong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhenqing Xin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yaoyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Chu Manh Hung
- International Training Institute for Materials Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Azmira Jannat
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Yong Xiang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
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4
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Tong L, Su C, Li H, Wang X, Fan W, Wang Q, Kunsági-Máté S, Yan H, Yin S. Self-Driven Gr/WSe 2/Gr Photodetector with High Performance Based on Asymmetric Schottky van der Waals Contacts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38017658 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) self-driven photodetectors have a wide range of applications in wearable, imaging, and flexible electronics. However, the preparation of most self-powered photodetectors is still complex and time-consuming. Simultaneously, the constant work function of a metal, numerous defects, and a large Schottky barrier at the 2D/metal interface hinder the transmission and collection of optical carriers, which will suppress the optical responsivity of the device. This paper proposed a self-driven graphene/WSe2/graphene (Gr/WSe2/Gr) photodetector with asymmetric Schottky van der Waals (vdWs) contacts. The vdWs contacts are formed by transferring Gr as electrodes using the dry-transfer method, obviating the limitations of defects and Fermi-level pinning at the interface of electrodes made by conventional metal deposition methods to a great extent and resulting in superior dynamic response, which leads to a more efficient and faster collection of photogenerated carriers. This work also demonstrates that the significant surface potential difference of Gr electrodes is a crucial factor to ensure their superior performance. The self-driven Gr/WSe2/Gr photodetector exhibits an ultrahigh Ilight/Idark ratio of 106 with a responsivity value of 20.31 mA/W and an open-circuit voltage of 0.37 V at zero bias. The photodetector also has ultrafast response speeds of 42.9 and 56.0 μs. This paper provides a feasible way to develop self-driven optoelectronic devices with a simple structure and excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tong
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Can Su
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Heng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors and Applications, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Jiujiang Research Institute of Xiamen University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Wenhao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- GuoAng Zhuotai (Tianjin) Smart IOT Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 301700, China
| | - Sándor Kunsági-Máté
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd útja 1, Honvéd street 1, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Shougen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
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5
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Grillo A, Peng Z, Pelella A, Di Bartolomeo A, Casiraghi C. Etch and Print: Graphene-Based Diodes for Silicon Technology. ACS NANO 2022; 17:1533-1540. [PMID: 36475589 PMCID: PMC9878974 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The graphene-silicon junction is one of the simplest conceivable interfaces in graphene-integrated semiconductor technology that can lead to the development of future generation of electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, graphene's integration is currently expensive and time-consuming and shows several challenges in terms of large-scale device fabrication, effectively preventing the possibility of implementing this technology into industrial processes. Here, we show a simple and cost-effective fabrication technique, based on inkjet printing, for the realization of printed graphene-silicon rectifying devices. The printed graphene-silicon diodes show an ON/OFF ratio higher than 3 orders of magnitude and a significant photovoltaic effect, resulting in a fill factor of ∼40% and a photocurrent efficiency of ∼2%, making the devices suitable for both electronic and optoelectronic applications. Finally, we demonstrate large-area pixeled photodetectors and compatibility with back-end-of-line fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grillo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Zixing Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Aniello Pelella
- Physics
Department “E. R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, Fisciano84084, Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Bartolomeo
- Physics
Department “E. R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, Fisciano84084, Salerno, Italy
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
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6
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Rao R, Hu J, Lee PH. Theoretical characterisation of electron tunnelling from granular activated carbon to electron accepting organisms in direct interspecies electron transfer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12426. [PMID: 35858919 PMCID: PMC9300713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15606-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) has been identified as an efficient metabolism between symbiotically interacting organisms. One method of DIET uses conductive materials (e.g., granular activated carbon (GAC)) as a medium to shuttle electrons from electron donating organisms (eg., Geobacter metallireducens) to electron accepting organisms (e.g., Geobacter sulfurreducens and Methanosarcina barkeri). Conductive materials such as GAC, become negatively charged in DIET processes due to reduction by electron donating organisms. This high excess electron density in GAC leads to quantum tunnelling of electrons being a significant electron transfer mechanism for DIET. Thus, a theoretical model obeying the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) approximation and Fermi–Dirac statistics was developed and simulated. In the model, the electron tunnelling transfer barrier was described by an effective rectangular barrier. The result of our 1D tunnelling simulations indicates that within 29.4 nm of the GAC, tunnelling can sufficiently supply electrons from GAC to G. sulfurreducens and M. barkeri. The phenomenon of tunnelling may also have significance as a stimulant of chemotaxis for G. sulfurreducens and other electron accepting microbes when attempting to adsorb onto GAC. This study sheds light on quantum tunnelling’s significant potential in both bacterium and archaeon DIET-centric processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Rao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK.,Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Po-Heng Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK.
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7
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Lee JJ, Jung DH, Shin DH, Lee H. Highly stable semitransparent multilayer graphene/LaVO 3vertical-heterostructure photodetectors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:395202. [PMID: 35617873 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac73a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A heterostructure composed of a combination of semi-metallic graphene (Gr) and high-absorption LaVO3is ideal for high-performance translucent photodetector (PD) applications. Here, we present multilayer Gr/LaVO3vertical-heterostructure semitransparent PDs with various layer numbers (Ln). AtLn= 2, the PD shows the best performance with a responsivity (R) of 0.094 A W-1and a specific detectivity (D*) of 7.385 × 107cm Hz1/2W-1at 532 nm. Additionally, the average visible transmittance of the PD is 63%, i.e. it is semitransparent. We increased photocurrent (PC) by approximately 13%, from 0.564 to 0.635μA cm-2by using an Al reflector on the semitransparent PD. The PC of an unencapsulated PD maintains about 86% (from 0.571 to 0.493μA cm-2) of its initial PC value after 2000 h at 25 °C temperature/30% relative humidity, showing good stability. This behavior is superior to that of previously reported graphene-based PDs. These results show that these PDs have great potential for semitransparent optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jun Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science and Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Jung
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science and Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Shin
- Department of Physics, Andong National University, Andong, Gyeongbuk, 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosun Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute of Natural Sciences, and Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science and Technology (BK21 Four), Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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8
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The Graphene Structure’s Effects on the Current-Voltage and Photovoltaic Characteristics of Directly Synthesized Graphene/n-Si(100) Diodes. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101640. [PMID: 35630863 PMCID: PMC9147930 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Graphene was synthesized directly on Si(100) substrates by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD). The effects of the graphene structure on the electrical and photovoltaic properties of graphene/n-Si(100) were studied. The samples were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and by measuring current–voltage (I-V) graphs. The temperature of the hydrogen plasma annealing prior to graphene synthesis was an essential parameter regarding the graphene/Si contact I-V characteristics and photovoltaic parameters. Graphene n-type self-doping was found to occur due to the native SiO2 interlayer at the graphene/Si junction. It was the prevalent cause of the significant decrease in the reverse current and short-circuit current. No photovoltaic effect dependence on the graphene roughness and work function could be observed.
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9
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Huang SD, Chu ED, Wang YH, Liou JW, Wang RS, Woon WY, Chiu HC. Variations in the Effective Work Function of Graphene in a Sliding Electrical Contact Interface under Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:27328-27338. [PMID: 35438951 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Control of work function (WF) in graphene is crucial for graphene application in electrode material replacement and electrode surface protection in optoelectronic devices. Although efforts have been made to manipulate the effective WF of graphene to optimize its application, most studies have focused on graphene employed in static electrical contact interfaces. In this work, we investigated WF variations of supported single-layer graphene (SLG) in sliding electrical contact under ambient conditions, which was achieved by sliding an electrically biased conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM) probe on the SLG surface. The effective WF, structural properties, and chemical compositions of rubbed SLG were subsequently measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. We found that the effective WF of the rubbed SLG was governed by both the tunneling triboelectric effect (TTE) and tribochemical-induced surface functionalization. The TTE charges generated by the sliding cAFM probe tunneled through the structural defects of the SLG and were trapped underneath the SLG. The SLG will be either p-doped or n-doped depending on the type of TTE charges and the polarity of electric bias applied to the cAFM probe during the rubbing process. However, the applied electric bias also led to the electrolysis of a water meniscus formed at the cAFM probe-SLG contact, resulting in surface oxidation and the increase of SLG WF. Further absorption of ambient water molecules on the oxygenated functional groups gradually reduced the SLG WF. The influence of TTE and surface functionalization on the SLG WF depends on the magnitude and polarity of applied electric biases, relative humidity, and physical properties of the supporting substrates. Our results demonstrate that the effective WF of SLG in a sliding electrical contact interface will vary with time and might need to be considered for related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuei-De Huang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - En-De Chu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Jhe-Wei Liou
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Si Wang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yen Woon
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chih Chiu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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10
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Serraon ACF, Del Rosario JAD, Abel Chuang PY, Chong MN, Morikawa Y, Padama AAB, Ocon JD. Alkaline earth atom doping-induced changes in the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene: a density functional theory study. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6268-6283. [PMID: 35423162 PMCID: PMC8694801 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory was used to investigate the effects of doping alkaline earth metal atoms (beryllium, magnesium, calcium and strontium) on graphene. Electron transfer from the dopant atom to the graphene substrate was observed and was further probed by a combined electron localization function/non-covalent interaction (ELF/NCI) approach. This approach demonstrates that predominantly ionic bonding occurs between the alkaline earth dopants and the substrate, with beryllium doping having a variant characteristic as a consequence of electronegativity equalization attributed to its lower atomic number relative to carbon. The ionic bonding induces spin-polarized electronic structures and lower workfunctions for Mg-, Ca-, and Sr-doped graphene systems as compared to the pristine graphene. However, due to its variant bonding characteristic, Be-doped graphene exhibits non-spin-polarized p-type semiconductor behavior, which is consistent with previous works, and an increase in workfunction relative to pristine graphene. Dirac half-metal-like behavior was predicted for magnesium doped graphene while calcium doped and strontium doped graphene were predicted to have bipolar magnetic semiconductor behavior. These changes in the electronic and magnetic properties of alkaline earth doped graphene may be of importance for spintronic and other electronic device applications. Alkaline earth atom dopants on graphene induce work function tuning and spin polarized electronic properties by ionic bonding.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ace Christian F Serraon
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines +63 981 8500 loc. 3213
| | - Julie Anne D Del Rosario
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines +63 981 8500 loc. 3213
| | - Po-Ya Abel Chuang
- Thermal and Electrochemical Energy Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of California Merced CA 95343 USA
| | - Meng Nan Chong
- School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia
| | - Yoshitada Morikawa
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Allan Abraham B Padama
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños Laguna 4031 Philippines
| | - Joey D Ocon
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines +63 981 8500 loc. 3213
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11
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Pei L, Yuan Y, Bai W, Li T, Zhu H, Ma Z, Zhong J, Yan S, Zou Z. In Situ-Grown Island-Shaped Hollow Graphene on TaON with Spatially Separated Active Sites Achieving Enhanced Visible-Light CO2 Reduction. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Pei
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Yuan
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Wangfeng Bai
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Taozhu Li
- Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhanfeng Ma
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jiasong Zhong
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Shicheng Yan
- Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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12
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Hartmann G, Hwang GS. First-principles description of electrocatalytic characteristics of graphene-like materials. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:214704. [PMID: 33291888 DOI: 10.1063/5.0031106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-like materials (GLMs) have received much attention as a potential alternative to precious metal-based electrocatalysts. However, the description of their electrocatalytic characteristics may still need to be improved, especially under constant chemical potential. Unlike the case of conventional metal electrodes, the potential drop across the electrical double layer (ϕD) at the electrode-electrolyte interface can deviate substantially from the applied voltage (ϕapp) due to a shift of the Dirac point (eϕG) with charging. This may in turn significantly alter the interfacial capacitance (CT) and the relationship between ϕapp and free-energy change (ΔF). Hence, accurate evaluation of the electrode contribution is necessary to better understand and optimize the electrocatalytic properties of GLMs. In this work, we revisit and compare first-principles methods available to describe the ϕapp-∆F relation. Grand-canonical density functional theory is used to determine ΔF as a function of ϕapp or electrode potential (ϕq), from which the relative contribution of eϕG is estimated. In parallel, eϕG is directly extracted from a density functional theory analysis of the electronic structure of uncharged GLMs. The results of both methods are found to be in close agreement for pristine graphene, but their predictions deviate noticeably in the presence of adsorbates; the origin of the discrepancy is analyzed and explained. We then evaluate the application of the first-principle methods to prediction of the electrocatalytic processes, taking the reduction (hydrogenation) and oxidation (hydroxylation) reactions on pristine graphene as examples. Our work highlights the vital role of the modification of the electrode electronic structure in determining the electrocatalytic performance of GLMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Hartmann
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Gyeong S Hwang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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13
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Dappe YJ, Almadori Y, Dau MT, Vergnaud C, Jamet M, Paillet C, Journot T, Hyot B, Pochet P, Grévin B. Charge transfers and charged defects in WSe 2/graphene-SiC interfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:255709. [PMID: 32182596 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and density functional theory (DFT) investigations of charge transfers in vertical heterojunctions between tungsten diselenide (WSe2) layers and graphene on silicon carbide substrates. The experimental data reveal the existence of an interface dipole, which is shown by DFT to originate from the neutralization of the graphene n-doping by an electron transfer towards the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) layer. The relative vacuum level shift probed by KPFM between the TMD and the substrate stays constant when passing from monolayer to bilayer graphene, which confirms that the Schottky-Mott model can be rigorously applied to these interfaces by taking into account the charge transfer from the substrate to the TMD. DFT calculations show that the first TMD layer absorbs almost all the excess charges contained in the graphene, and that the second TMD layer shall not play a significant role in the electrostatics of the system. Negatively charged defect at the TMD edges contribute however to the electrostatic landscape probed by KPFM on both TMD layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Dappe
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
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14
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Sankaran KJ, Bikkarolla SK, Desta D, Roy SS, Boyen HG, Lin IN, McLaughlin J, Haenen K. Laser-Patternable Graphene Field Emitters for Plasma Displays. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101493. [PMID: 31635101 PMCID: PMC6835302 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a plasma display device (PDD) based on laser-induced graphene nanoribbons (LIGNs), which were directly fabricated on polyimide sheets. Superior field electron emission (FEE) characteristics, viz. a low turn-on field of 0.44 V/μm and a large field enhancement factor of 4578, were achieved for the LIGNs. Utilizing LIGNs as a cathode in a PDD showed excellent plasma illumination characteristics with a prolonged plasma lifetime stability. Moreover, the LIGN cathodes were directly laser-patternable. Such superior plasma illumination performance of LIGN-based PDDs has the potential to make a significant impact on display technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santosh Kumar Bikkarolla
- School of Engineering, Engineering Research Institute, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK.
| | - Derese Desta
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- IMOMEC, IMEC vzw, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Susanta Sinha Roy
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
| | - Hans-Gerd Boyen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- IMOMEC, IMEC vzw, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - I-Nan Lin
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui 251, Taiwan, China.
| | - James McLaughlin
- School of Engineering, Engineering Research Institute, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK.
| | - Ken Haenen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- IMOMEC, IMEC vzw, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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15
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Gerber IC, Serp P. A Theory/Experience Description of Support Effects in Carbon-Supported Catalysts. Chem Rev 2019; 120:1250-1349. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iann C. Gerber
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Serp
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPR 8241 CNRS, INPT, 31400 Toulouse, France
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16
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Kim HH, Yang B, Tian S, Li C, Miao GX, Lei H, Tsen AW. Tailored Tunnel Magnetoresistance Response in Three Ultrathin Chromium Trihalides. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5739-5745. [PMID: 31305077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Materials that demonstrate large magnetoresistance have attracted significant interest for many decades. Extremely large tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) has been reported by several groups across ultrathin CrI3 by exploiting the weak antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent layers. Here, we report a comparative study of TMR in all three chromium trihalides (CrX3, X = Cl, Br, or I) in the two-dimensional limit. As the materials exhibit different transition temperatures and interlayer magnetic ordering in the ground state, tunneling measurements allow for an easy determination of the field-temperature phase diagram for the three systems. By changing sample thickness and biasing conditions, we then demonstrate how to maximize and further tailor the TMR response at different temperatures for each material. In particular, near the magnetic transition temperature, TMR is nonsaturating up to the highest fields measured for all three compounds owing to the large, field-induced exchange coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ho Kim
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Bowen Yang
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Shangjie Tian
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Chenghe Li
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Guo-Xing Miao
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Hechang Lei
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Adam W Tsen
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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17
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Kim SH, Yi SG, Park MU, Lee C, Kim M, Yoo KH. Multilevel MoS 2 Optical Memory with Photoresponsive Top Floating Gates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25306-25312. [PMID: 31268292 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic memory devices, whose states can be controlled using electrical optical signals, are receiving much attention for their potential applications in image sensing and parallel data transmission and processes. Here, we report MoS2-based devices with top floating gates of Au, graphene, and MoS2. Unlike conventional floating gate memory devices, our devices have the photoresponsive floating gate at the top, acting as a charge trapping layer. Stable and reliable switching with an on/off ratio of ∼106 and a retention time of >104 s is achieved by illumination with 405 nm light pulses as well as application of gate voltage pulses. However, upon illumination with 532 or 635 nm light pulses, multilevel optical memory effects are observed, which are dependent on the wavelength and the optical exposure dosage. In addition, compared to the device employing a graphene floating gate, the device with an MoS2 floating gate is more sensitive to light, suggesting that the multilevel optical memory properties originate from photoexcited carriers in the top floating gate and can be modulated by adjusting the top floating gate materials. The structure of the top floating gate may open up a new way to novel optoelectronic memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sum-Gyun Yi
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Uk Park
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - ChangJun Lee
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjin Kim
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Yoo
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
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18
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Kataria M, Yadav K, Cai SY, Liao YM, Lin HI, Shen TL, Chen YH, Chen YT, Wang WH, Chen YF. Highly Sensitive, Visible Blind, Wearable, and Omnidirectional Near-Infrared Photodetectors. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9596-9607. [PMID: 30199626 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Visible blind near-infrared (NIR) photodetection is essential when it comes to weapons used by military personnel, narrow band detectors used in space navigation systems, medicine, and research studies. The technological field of filterless visible blind, NIR omnidirectional photodetection and wearability is at a preliminary stage. Here, we present a filterless and lightweight design for a visible blind and wearable NIR photodetector capable of harvesting light omnidirectionally. The filterless NIR photodetector comprises the integration of distinct features of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), graphene, and micropyramidal poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) film. The lanthanide-doped UCNPs are designed such that the maximum narrow band detection of NIR is easily accomplished by the photodetector even in the presence of visible light sources. Especially, the 4f n electronic configuration of lanthanide dopant ions provides for a multilevel hierarchical energy system that provides for longer lifetime of the excited states for photogenerated charge carriers to transfer to the graphene layer. The graphene layer can serve as an outstanding conduction path for photogenerated charge carrier transfer from UCNPs, and the flexible micropyramidal PDMS substrate provides an excellent platform for omnidirectional NIR light detection. Owing to these advantages, a photoresponsivity of ∼800 AW-1 is achieved by the NIR photodetector, which is higher than the values ever reported by UCNPs-based photodetectors. In addition, the photodetector is stretchable, durable, and transparent, making it suitable for next-generation wearable optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kataria
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
- Department of Physics , National Central University , Chung-Li 320 , Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Kanchan Yadav
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Cai
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Liao
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Lin
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Tien Lin Shen
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Ying-Huan Chen
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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19
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Heo JH, Shin DH, Lee ML, Kang MG, Im SH. Efficient Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells Prepared by Lamination of Polytriarylamine/CH 3NH 3PbI 3/Anodized Ti Metal Substrate and Graphene/PDMS Transparent Electrode Substrate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31413-31421. [PMID: 30152234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flexible Ti metal substrate-based efficient planar-type CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells are fabricated by lamination of the flexible Ti metal substrate/dense TiO2 electron-transporting layer formed by anodization/MAPbI3/polytriarylamine and the graphene/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) transparent electrode substrate. By adjusting the anodization reaction time of the polished Ti metal substrate and the number of graphene layers in the graphene/PDMS electrode, we can demonstrate the planar-type MAPbI3 flexible solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 15.0% (mask area = 1 cm2) under 1 sun condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hyuck Heo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713 , Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Lae Lee
- ICT Materials and Components Laboratory , Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute , Daejeon 34129 , Republic of Korea
| | - Man Gu Kang
- ICT Materials and Components Laboratory , Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute , Daejeon 34129 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyuk Im
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713 , Republic of Korea
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20
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Hamada I, Hamamoto Y, Morikawa Y. Image potential states from the van der Waals density functional. J Chem Phys 2018; 147:044708. [PMID: 28764358 DOI: 10.1063/1.4995441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The image potential state is one of the fundamental surface electronic states and has a great relevance to many surface phenomena, but its accurate description is a great challenge for the semilocal density functional. Here, we use the nonlocal van der Waals density functional to describe the image potential states of graphene, graphite, and carbon nanotubes. We found that although it does not yield the correct image potential outside the surface, the van der Waals density functional improves the description of image potential states because of the nonlocal correlation potential. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of the van der Waals density functional to study the surface electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikutaro Hamada
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Hamamoto
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Morikawa
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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21
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Yang N, Yang D, Chen L, Liu D, Cai M, Fan X. Design and adjustment of the graphene work function via size, modification, defects, and doping: a first-principle theory study. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:642. [PMID: 29288340 PMCID: PMC5747561 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the work function (WF) of graphenes, which are used as electronic devices, has been designed and evaluated by using the first-principle approach. Different states of graphene were considered, such as surface modification, doping, and defects. Firstly, WF strongly depends on the width of pristine graphene. A bigger width leads to a smaller WF. In addition, the effects of hydroxyls, defects, and positions of hydroxyls and defects are of concern. The WF of the graphene which is modified with hydroxyls is bigger than that of the pristine graphene. Moreover, the WF value increases with the number of hydroxyls. Positions of the hydroxyls and defects that deviated from the center have limited influence on the WF, whereas the effect of the position in the center is substantial. Lastly, B, N, Al, Si, and P are chosen as the doping elements. The n-type graphene doped with N and P atoms results in a huge decline in the WF, whereas the p-type graphene doped with B and Al atoms causes a great increase in the WF. However, the doping of Al in graphene is difficult, whereas the doping of B and N is easier. These discoveries will provide heavy support for the production of graphene-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- The Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Daoguo Yang
- The Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Liangbiao Chen
- The Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, 77706, USA
| | - Dongjing Liu
- The Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Miao Cai
- The Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Xuejun Fan
- The Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, 77706, USA
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22
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Li F, Xue M, Li J, Ma X, Chen L, Zhang X, MacFarlane DR, Zhang J. Unlocking the Electrocatalytic Activity of Antimony for CO 2 Reduction by Two-Dimensional Engineering of the Bulk Material. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14718-14722. [PMID: 28971548 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are known to be useful in catalysis. Engineering 3D bulk materials into the 2D form can enhance the exposure of the active edge sites, which are believed to be the origin of the high catalytic activity. Reported herein is the production of 2D "few-layer" antimony (Sb) nanosheets by cathodic exfoliation. Application of this 2D engineering method turns Sb, an inactive material for CO2 reduction in its bulk form, into an active 2D electrocatalyst for reduction of CO2 to formate with high efficiency. The high activity is attributed to the exposure of a large number of catalytically active edge sites. Moreover, this cathodic exfoliation process can be coupled with the anodic exfoliation of graphite in a single-compartment cell for in situ production of a few-layer Sb nanosheets and graphene composite. The observed increased activity of this composite is attributed to the strong electronic interaction between graphene and Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwang Li
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Mianqi Xue
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiezhen Li
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Xinlei Ma
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Douglas R MacFarlane
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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23
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Li F, Xue M, Li J, Ma X, Chen L, Zhang X, MacFarlane DR, Zhang J. Unlocking the Electrocatalytic Activity of Antimony for CO2Reduction by Two-Dimensional Engineering of the Bulk Material. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengwang Li
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Mianqi Xue
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jiezhen Li
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Xinlei Ma
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology; Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering; University of Science & Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology; Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering; University of Science & Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Douglas R. MacFarlane
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Victoria 3800 Australia
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