1
|
Bauer AE, Avery CL, Shi M, Weinberg CR, Olshan AF, Harmon QE, Luo J, Yang J, Manuck T, Wu MC, Klungsøyr K, Trogstad L, Magnus P, Engel SM. Do Genetic Variants Modify the Effect of Smoking on Risk of Preeclampsia in Pregnancy? Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:44-52. [PMID: 34839469 PMCID: PMC10127527 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal smoking is associated with as much as a 50% reduced risk of preeclampsia, despite increasing risk of other poor pregnancy outcomes that often co-occur with preeclampsia, such as preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. Researchers have long sought to understand whether this perplexing association is biologically based, or a result of noncausal mechanisms. We examined whether smoking-response genes modify the smoking-preeclampsia association to investigate potential biological explanations. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a nested case-control study within the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Birth Cohort (1999-2008) of 2,596 mother-child dyads. We used family-based log-linear Poisson regression to examine modification of the maternal smoking-preeclampsia relationship by maternal and fetal single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in cellular processes related to components of cigarette smoke (n = 1,915 with minor allele frequency ≥10%). We further investigated the influence of smoking cessation during pregnancy. RESULTS Three polymorphisms showed overall (p < 0.001) multiplicative interaction between smoking and maternal genotype. For rs3765692 (TP73) and rs10770343 (PIK3C2G), protection associated with smoking was reduced with two maternal copies of the risk allele and was stronger in continuers than quitters (interaction p = 0.02 for both loci, based on testing 3-level smoking by 3-level genotype). For rs2278361 (APAF1) the inverse smoking-preeclampsia association was eliminated by the presence of a single risk allele, and again the trend was stronger in continuers than in quitters (interaction p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Evidence for gene-smoking interaction was limited, but differences by smoking cessation warrant further investigation. We demonstrate the potential utility of expanded dyad methods and gene-environment interaction analyses for outcomes with complex relationships between maternal and fetal genotypes and exposures. KEY POINTS · Maternal and fetal genotype may differentially influence preeclampsia.. · Smoking-related genes did not strongly modify smoking-preeclampsia association.. · Smoking cessation reduced strength of gene by smoking interactions..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Bauer
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, United States
| | - Christy L. Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, United States
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 West Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, United States
| | - Min Shi
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop A3-03, Durham, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Clarice R. Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop A3-03, Durham, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, United States
| | - Quaker E. Harmon
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop A3-05, Durham, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Jingchun Luo
- Mammalian Genotyping Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Crossing C, 2234 Nelson Highway, Chapel Hill, NC, 27517, United States
| | - Jenny Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7420, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7420, United States
| | - Tracy Manuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3009 Old Clinic Building, CB# 7570, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7570, United States
| | - Michael C. Wu
- Biostatistics and Biomathematics Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M2-8500, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Kari Klungsøyr
- Division for Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lill Trogstad
- Division for Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Magnus
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, N-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie M. Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun HJ, Wang ZC, Nie XW, Bian JS. Therapeutic potential of carbon monoxide in hypertension-induced vascular smooth muscle cell damage revisited: from physiology and pharmacology. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115008. [PMID: 35318039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
As a chronic and progressive disorder, hypertension remains to be a serious public health problem around the world. Among the different types of hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease associated with pulmonary arteriole remodeling, right ventricular failure and death. The contemporary management of systemic hypertension and PAH has substantially grown since more therapeutic targets and/or agents have been developed. Evolving treatment strategies targeting the vascular remodeling lead to improving outcomes in patients with hypertension, nevertheless, significant advancement opportunities for developing better antihypertensive drugs remain. Carbon monoxide (CO), an active endogenous gasotransmitter along with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO), is primarily generated by heme oxygenase (HO). Cumulative evidence suggests that CO is considered as an important signaling molecule under both physiological and pathological conditions. Studies have shown that CO confers a number of biological and pharmacological properties, especially its involvement in the pathological process and treatment of hypertension-related vascular remodeling. This review will critically outline the roles of CO in hypertension-associated vascular remodeling and discuss the underlying mechanisms for the protective effects of CO against hypertension and vascular remodeling. In addition, we will propose the challenges and perspectives of CO in hypertensive vascular remodeling. It is expected that a comprehensive understanding of CO in the vasculature might be essential to translate CO to be a novel pharmacological agent for hypertension-induced vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zi-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schiliro M, Bartman CM, Pabelick C. Understanding hydrogen sulfide signaling in neonatal airway disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:351-372. [PMID: 33086886 PMCID: PMC10599633 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1840981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airway dysfunction leading to chronic lung disease is a common consequence of premature birth and mechanisms responsible for early and progressive airway remodeling are not completely understood. Current therapeutic options are only partially effective in reducing the burden of neonatal airway disease and premature decline of lung function. Gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recently recognized for its therapeutic potential in lung diseases. AREAS COVERED Contradictory to its well-known toxicity at high concentrations, H2S has been characterized to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties at physiological concentrations. In the respiratory system, endogenous H2S production participates in late lung development and exogenous H2S administration has a protective role in a variety of diseases such as acute lung injury and chronic pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis. Literature searches performed using NCBI PubMed without publication date limitations were used to construct this review, which highlights the dichotomous role of H2S in the lung, and explores its promising beneficial effects in lung diseases. EXPERT OPINION The emerging role of H2S in pathways involved in chronic lung disease of prematurity along with its recent use in animal models of BPD highlight H2S as a potential novel candidate in protecting lung function following preterm birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Schiliro
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Christina Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu M, Hao X, Hu Z, Yan Q. Palladium-bridged polymers as CO-biosignal-responsive self-healing hydrogels. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01660k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Using a CO biosignal to trigger the dissociation of Pd-bridged polymer hydrogel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Xiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide axis suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced growth inhibition by increasing ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of Smad3 at Thr-179 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
6
|
Bauer AE, Avery CL, Shi M, Weinberg CR, Olshan AF, Harmon QE, Luo J, Yang J, Manuck T, Wu MC, Williams N, McGinnis R, Morgan L, Klungsøyr K, Trogstad L, Magnus P, Engel SM. A Family Based Study of Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide Signalling Genes and Preeclampsia. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2018; 32:1-12. [PMID: 28881463 PMCID: PMC5771849 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is thought to originate during placentation, with incomplete remodelling and perfusion of the spiral arteries leading to reduced placental vascular capacity. Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are powerful vasodilators that play a role in the placental vascular system. Although family clustering of preeclampsia has been observed, the existing genetic literature is limited by a failure to consider both mother and child. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study within the Norwegian Mother and Child Birth Cohort of 1545 case-pairs and 995 control-pairs from 2540 validated dyads (2011 complete pairs, 529 missing mother or child genotype). We selected 1518 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency >5% in NO and CO signalling pathways. We used log-linear Poisson regression models and likelihood ratio tests to assess maternal and child effects. RESULTS One SNP met criteria for a false discovery rate Q-value <0.05. The child variant, rs12547243 in adenylate cyclase 8 (ADCY8), was associated with an increased risk (relative risk [RR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20, 1.69 for AG vs. GG, RR 2.14, 95% CI 1.47, 3.11 for AA vs. GG, Q = 0.03). The maternal variant, rs30593 in PDE1C was associated with a decreased risk for the subtype of preeclampsia accompanied by early delivery (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.27, 0.75 for TC vs. CC; Q = 0.02). None of the associations were replicated after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS This study uses a novel approach to disentangle maternal and child genotypic effects of NO and CO signalling genes on preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Bauer
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Christy L. Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Min Shi
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Clarice R. Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Quaker E. Harmon
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Jingchun Luo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Jenny Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Tracy Manuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Michael C. Wu
- Biostatistics and Biomathematics Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Ralph McGinnis
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Morgan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Per Magnus
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie M. Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Biological Stimuli-responsive Polymer Systems: Design, Construction and Controlled Self-assembly. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
8
|
Xu M, Liu L, Hu J, Zhao Y, Yan Q. CO-Signaling Molecule-Responsive Nanoparticles Formed from Palladium-Containing Block Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:458-462. [PMID: 35610861 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The overproduction of cell-signaling molecules causes various human diseases. This intrinsic feature offers a biochemical basis to design biosignal-responsive nanocarriers for cell-selective therapy. Here we develop a new palladium-containing block copolymer, which can chemoselectively respond to carbon monoxide (CO)-a crucial gaseous signaling molecule in cells-while inhibiting disturbances from other endogenous analogues. Palladium is introduced into polymer for the first time, and such an organopalladium-connected chain can be cleaved by a CO-induced cascade insertion-elimination reaction, triggering a desirable disassembly of their self-assembling micelles. The micellar dissociation rate depends on the dose of CO stimulus. We envisage that this polymer model would enrich the repertoire of metallopolymers and provide a new platform for designing signaling molecule-responsive macromolecular systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lianxiao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun Hu
- State
Key Lab of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Qiang Yan
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Katada K, Takagi T, Uchiyama K, Naito Y. Therapeutic roles of carbon monoxide in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 30 Suppl 1:46-52. [PMID: 25827804 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is a complex, multifactorial, pathophysiological process with high morbidity and mortality, leading to serious difficulty in treatment. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal I-R injury have been examined in detail and various therapeutic approaches for intestinal I-R injury have been developed; however, existing circumstances have not yet led to a dramatic change of treatment. Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the by-products of heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HO), is considered as a candidate for treatment of intestinal I-R injury and indeed HO-1-derived endogenous CO and exogenous CO play a pivotal role in protecting the gastrointestinal tract from intestinal I-R injury. Interestingly, anti-inflammatory effects of CO have been elucidated sufficiently in various cell types including endothelial cells, circulating leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, fibroblast, organ-specific cells, and immune-presenting cells. In this review, we herein focus on the therapeutic roles of CO in intestinal I-R injury and the cell-specific anti-inflammatory effects of CO, clearly demonstrating future therapeutic strategies of CO for treating intestine I-R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Katada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medial Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Decaluwé K, Pauwels B, Boydens C, Van de Voorde J. Divergent molecular mechanisms underlay CO- and CORM-2-induced relaxation of corpora cavernosa. J Sex Med 2012; 9:2284-92. [PMID: 22759233 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02831.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Similar to nitric oxide (NO), the principal mediator of penile erection, carbon monoxide (CO) possesses vasodilator capacities. However, whether CO could be a therapeutic target for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) is unexplored. The danger associated with systemic administration of CO has led to the development of CO-releasing molecules (CORMs), releasing CO in a local, safe and controlled way. These CORMs have shown positive outcomes in cardiovascular studies. More knowledge on the (patho)physiological functions of CO in erectile function and the potential therapeutic role of CORMs is required. AIM The present study aims the assessment of the effect of CO and CO donor CORM-2 on the corporal tension and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Organ bath studies were performed measuring isometric tension on isolated mice corpora cavernosa (CC) strips. Responses to CO (10-300 µmol/L) and CORM-2 (10-100 µmol/L) were measured in the presence/absence of activators/inhibitors of different molecular pathways. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES CO and CORM-2 relax corporal strips concentration dependently, although the molecular mechanisms behind the corporal relaxation seem to differ completely. RESULTS CO induces corporal relaxation by activating soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentrations. The molecular mechanism involved in CORM-2-induced corporal relaxation is not related to sGC activation and remains obscure. CONCLUSIONS Both CO and CORM-2 induce corporal relaxation, although the underlying molecular mechanisms show no resemblance. That CO induces corporal relaxation through a mechanism similar to that of NO could be of importance as it indirectly offers the possibility that endogenous CO might serve as a backup system for insufficient NO availability in cases of ED. Whether CORM-2 possesses the same capacity remains questionable and requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Decaluwé
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Joe Y, Zheng M, Kim SK, Kim S, Uddin JMD, Min TS, Ryu DG, Chung HT. The role of carbon monoxide in metabolic disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2011; 1229:156-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
12
|
Kim YM, Pae HO, Park JE, Lee YC, Woo JM, Kim NH, Choi YK, Lee BS, Kim SR, Chung HT. Heme oxygenase in the regulation of vascular biology: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:137-67. [PMID: 20624029 PMCID: PMC2988629 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenases (HOs) are the rate-limiting enzymes in the catabolism of heme into biliverdin, free iron, and carbon monoxide. Two genetically distinct isoforms of HO have been characterized: an inducible form, HO-1, and a constitutively expressed form, HO-2. HO-1 is a kind of stress protein, and thus regarded as a sensitive and reliable indicator of cellular oxidative stress. The HO system acts as potent antioxidants, protects endothelial cells from apoptosis, is involved in regulating vascular tone, attenuates inflammatory response in the vessel wall, and participates in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Endothelial integrity and activity are thought to occupy the central position in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease risk conditions converge in the contribution to oxidative stress. The oxidative stress leads to endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction with increases in vessel tone, cell growth, and gene expression that create a pro-thrombotic/pro-inflammatory environment. Subsequent formation, progression, and obstruction of atherosclerotic plaque may result in myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. This background provides the rationale for exploring the potential therapeutic role for HO system in the amelioration of vascular inflammation and prevention of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Myeong Kim
- Vascular System Research Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim YM, Pae HO, Park JE, Lee YC, Woo JM, Kim NH, Choi YK, Lee BS, Kim SR, Chung HT. Heme oxygenase in the regulation of vascular biology: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010. [PMID: 20624029 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.31532988629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenases (HOs) are the rate-limiting enzymes in the catabolism of heme into biliverdin, free iron, and carbon monoxide. Two genetically distinct isoforms of HO have been characterized: an inducible form, HO-1, and a constitutively expressed form, HO-2. HO-1 is a kind of stress protein, and thus regarded as a sensitive and reliable indicator of cellular oxidative stress. The HO system acts as potent antioxidants, protects endothelial cells from apoptosis, is involved in regulating vascular tone, attenuates inflammatory response in the vessel wall, and participates in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Endothelial integrity and activity are thought to occupy the central position in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease risk conditions converge in the contribution to oxidative stress. The oxidative stress leads to endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction with increases in vessel tone, cell growth, and gene expression that create a pro-thrombotic/pro-inflammatory environment. Subsequent formation, progression, and obstruction of atherosclerotic plaque may result in myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. This background provides the rationale for exploring the potential therapeutic role for HO system in the amelioration of vascular inflammation and prevention of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Myeong Kim
- Vascular System Research Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mitchell LA, Channell MM, Royer CM, Ryter SW, Choi AMK, McDonald JD. Evaluation of inhaled carbon monoxide as an anti-inflammatory therapy in a nonhuman primate model of lung inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 299:L891-7. [PMID: 20729385 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00366.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) confers anti-inflammatory protection in rodent models of lung injury when applied at low concentration. Translation of these findings to clinical therapies for pulmonary inflammation requires validation in higher mammals. We have evaluated the efficacy of inhaled CO in reducing LPS-induced lung inflammation in cynomolgus macaques. LPS inhalation resulted in profound neutrophil influx and moderate increases in airway lymphocytes, which returned to baseline levels within 2 wk following exposure. CO exposure (500 ppm, 6 h) following LPS inhalation decreased TNF-α release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but did not affect IL-6 or IL-8 release. Lower concentrations of CO (250 ppm, 6 h) did not reduce pulmonary neutrophilia. Pretreatment with budesonide, a currently used inhaled corticosteroid, decreased LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, and reduced LPS-induced neutrophilia by ∼84%. In comparison, CO inhalation (500 ppm, for 6 h after LPS exposure) reduced neutrophilia by ∼67%. Thus, inhaled CO was nearly as efficacious as pretreatment with an inhaled corticosteroid at reducing airway neutrophil influx in cynomolgus macaques. However, the therapeutic efficacy of CO required relatively high doses (500 ppm) that resulted in high carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels (>30%). Lower CO concentrations (250 ppm), associated with anti-inflammatory protection in rodents, were ineffective in cynomolgus macaques and also yielded relatively high COHb levels. These studies highlight the complexity of interspecies variation of dose-response relationships of CO to COHb levels and to the anti-inflammatory functions of CO. The findings of this study warrant further investigations for assessing the therapeutic application of CO in nonhuman primate models of tissue injury and in human diseases. The study also suggests that akin to many new therapies in human diseases, the translation of CO therapy to human disease will require additional extensive and rigorous proof-of-concept studies in humans in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Mitchell
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chhikara M, Wang S, Kern SJ, Ferreyra GA, Barb JJ, Munson PJ, Danner RL. Carbon monoxide blocks lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression by interfering with proximal TLR4 to NF-kappaB signal transduction in human monocytes. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8139. [PMID: 19956541 PMCID: PMC2780718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous messenger that suppresses inflammation, modulates apoptosis and promotes vascular remodeling. Here, microarrays were employed to globally characterize the CO (250 ppm) suppression of early (1 h) LPS-induced inflammation in human monocytic THP-1 cells. CO suppressed 79 of 101 immediate-early genes induced by LPS; 19% (15/79) were transcription factors and most others were cytokines, chemokines and immune response genes. The prototypic effects of CO on transcription and protein production occurred early but decreased rapidly. CO activated p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and Akt and caused an early and transitory delay in LPS-induced JNK activation. However, selective inhibitors of these kinases failed to block CO suppression of LPS-induced IL-1β, an inflammation marker. Of CO-suppressed genes, 81% (64/79) were found to have promoters with putative NF-κB binding sites. CO was subsequently shown to block LPS-induced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα in human monocytes, thereby inhibiting NF-κB signal transduction. CO broadly suppresses the initial inflammatory response of human monocytes to LPS by reshaping proximal events in TLR4 signal transduction such as stress kinase responses and early NF-κB activation. These rapid, but transient effects of CO may have therapeutic applications in acute pulmonary and vascular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maneesha Chhikara
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shuibang Wang
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Kern
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gabriela A. Ferreyra
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Barb
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Munson
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Danner
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao H, Wong RJ, Doyle TC, Nayak N, Vreman HJ, Contag CH, Stevenson DK. Regulation of maternal and fetal hemodynamics by heme oxygenase in mice. Biol Reprod 2007; 78:744-51. [PMID: 18094356 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.064899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HMOX) regulates vascular tone and blood pressure through the production of carbon monoxide (CO), a vasodilator derived from the heme degradation pathway. During pregnancy, the maternal circulation undergoes significant adaptations to accommodate the hemodynamic demands of the developing fetus. Our objective was to investigate the role of HMOX on maternal and fetal hemodynamics during pregnancy in a mouse model. We measured and compared maternal tissue and placental HMOX activity and endogenous CO production, represented by excreted CO and carboxyhemoglobin levels, during pregnancy (Embryonic Days 12.5-15.5) to nonpregnant controls. Micro-ultrasound was used to monitor maternal abdominal aorta diameters as well as blood flow velocities and diameters of fetal umbilical arteries. Tin mesoporphyrin, a potent HMOX inhibitor, was used to inhibit HMOX activity. Changes in maternal vascular tone were monitored by tail cuff blood pressure measurements. Effects of HMOX inhibition on placental structures were assessed by histology. We showed that maternal tissue and placental HMOX activity and CO production were significantly elevated during pregnancy. When HMOX in the placenta was inhibited, maternal and fetal hemodynamics underwent significant changes, with maternal blood pressures increasing. We concluded that increases in maternal tissue and placental HMOX activity contribute to the regulation of peripheral vascular resistance and therefore are important for the maintenance of normal maternal vascular tone and fetal hemodynamic functions during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5208, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Smithline HA, Ward KR, Chiulli DA, Blake HC, Rivers EP. Whole body oxygen consumption and critical oxygen delivery in response to prolonged and severe carbon monoxide poisoning. Resuscitation 2003; 56:97-104. [PMID: 12505745 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(02)00272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning remains the leading cause of death by poisoning in the world. One of the major proposed mechanisms for CO toxicity is the binding of CO to cytochrome oxidase and interference with cellular oxygen utilization but evidence for this is inconclusive. AIM OF STUDY This study examined the effects of prolonged CO exposure on the dynamics of whole body oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and oxygen delivery (DO(2)) in an attempt to observe if CO exposure results in a defect of oxygen utilization defect as determined by a reduction in VO(2) during the course of poisoning prior to reaching the point where VO(2) is directly dependent on DO(2). This critical level of DO(2) (DO(2)crit) produced by CO poisoning was compared to historical values produced by other insults, which decrease global body DO(2). METHODS Five small dogs were ventilated for 2 h with 0.25% CO and room air followed by 0.5% CO until death. Cardiac index (Q), DO(2), VO(2), oxygen extraction ratio (OER), and systemic lactate were measured every 15 min until death. RESULTS Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels increased linearly over 2.5 h to values above 80% until death. VO(2) remained constant and not significantly different from baseline below a COHb of 80%. At COHb levels above 80%, VO(2) precipitously dropped. Similarly lactate levels were not significantly elevated from baseline until VO(2) dropped. DO(2) decreased by 78% (from 23+/-6 ml/kg/min to 5+/-4 ml/kg/min) over time despite an increase in Q by 58% until levels of COHb were above 80%. OER increased from 19+/-5% to 50+/-11% until death. The calculated DO(2)crit was 10.7+/-4 ml/min/kg, which is not significantly different from values ranging from 7 to 13 ml/min/kg reported in the literature due to other insults, which reduce DO(2). CONCLUSION In this canine model of prolonged CO exposure, no gradual reduction in VO(2) or increase in systemic lactate prior to reaching DO(2)crit was noted. In addition, CO exposure does not appear to change the DO(2)crit. The combination of these findings does not support the theory that CO produces a whole body intracellular defect in oxygen utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Howard A Smithline
- Baystate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baystate, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The discovery of nitric oxide in the 1980s unraveled the novel concept then that an endogenous production of a gaseous substance such as nitric oxide can impart critical physiologic functions in a variety of biological and pathological processes. Interestingly though, we have known for a longer period of time that there exists another gaseous molecule, carbon monoxide (CO), that can be generated endogenously. The heme oxygenase enzyme system generates the majority, if not, all of the endogenous CO. Accumulating data in recent years have lent an intriguing supposition that we need to regard CO beyond the old paradigm that it imparts only toxicity and lethality to organisms. Instead, we need to consider CO, at low physiologic concentration, to play critical physiologic roles in various pathophysiologic states. This forum will review this double-edge sword of CO.
Collapse
|