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Li H, Ma Y, Li T, Zeng Z, Luo L, Liu X, Li Y, Chen Y. CAPN5 attenuates cigarette smoke extract-induced apoptosis and inflammation in BEAS-2B cells. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-65. [PMID: 38650847 PMCID: PMC11033979 DOI: 10.18332/tid/186183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apoptosis and chronic inflammation are the main phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. Cigarette smoke exposure is the leading risk factor for COPD, which causes aberrant airway epithelial structure and function. As a non-classical calpain, the molecular function of calpain5 (CAPN5) in COPD remains unclear. This study investigated the role of CAPN5 in mediating cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced apoptosis and inflammation. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting (WB) were performed to detect the location and expression of CAPN5. In vitro, BEAS-2B cells were transfected with CAPN5 siRNA or CAPN5 plasmid, followed by phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treatment. The protein expression levels of CAPN5, NF-κB p65, p-p65, IκBα, p-IκBα and apoptosis proteins (BCL-2, BAX) were measured by WB. Flow cytometry (FCM) was performed to analyze the cell apoptosis index. RESULTS CAPN5 was mainly expressed in the airway epithelium and significantly decreased in the COPD-smoker and emphysema-mouse groups. Silencing CAPN5 significantly decreased the protein expression of BCL-2, IκBα, and increased p-p65 and BAX protein expression. Additionally, an increased apoptosis index was detected after silencing CAPN5. Moreover, overexpression of CAPN5 partly inhibited IκBα degradation and p65 activation, and reduced CSE-induced inflammation and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These combined results indicate that CAPN5 could protect against CSE-induced apoptosis and inflammation, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for smoking-related COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zihang Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangming Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Borek I, Birnhuber A, Voelkel NF, Marsh LM, Kwapiszewska G. The vascular perspective on acute and chronic lung disease. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170502. [PMID: 37581311 PMCID: PMC10425217 DOI: 10.1172/jci170502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary vasculature has been frequently overlooked in acute and chronic lung diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary emphasis in the management of these parenchymal disorders has largely revolved around the injury and aberrant repair of epithelial cells. However, there is increasing evidence that the vascular endothelium plays an active role in the development of acute and chronic lung diseases. The endothelial cell network in the capillary bed and the arterial and venous vessels provides a metabolically highly active barrier that controls the migration of immune cells, regulates vascular tone and permeability, and participates in the remodeling processes. Phenotypically and functionally altered endothelial cells, and remodeled vessels, can be found in acute and chronic lung diseases, although to different degrees, likely because of disease-specific mechanisms. Since vascular remodeling is associated with pulmonary hypertension, which worsens patient outcomes and survival, it is crucial to understand the underlying vascular alterations. In this Review, we describe the current knowledge regarding the role of the pulmonary vasculature in the development and progression of ARDS, PF, and COPD; we also outline future research directions with the hope of facilitating the development of mechanism-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Borek
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Birnhuber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Norbert F. Voelkel
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, University of Amsterdam Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leigh M. Marsh
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, German Lung Center (DZL), Cardiopulmonary Institute, Giessen, Germany
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Yang S, Zhang T, Ge Y, Cheng Y, Yin L, Pu Y, Chen Z, Liang G. Sentinel supervised lung-on-a-chip: A new environmental toxicology platform for nanoplastic-induced lung injury. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131962. [PMID: 37406524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are prevalent in the air and can be easily inhaled, posing a threat to respiratory health. However, there have been few studies investigating the impact of nanoplastics on lung injury, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, cell and animal models cannot deeply understand the pollutant-induced COPD. Existing lung-on-a-chip models also lack interactions among immune cells, which are crucial in monitoring complex responses. In the study, we built the lung-on-a-chip to accurately recapitulate the structural features and key functions of the alveolar-blood barrier while integrating multiple immune cells. The stability and reliability of the lung-on-a-chip model were demonstrated by toxicological application of various environmental pollutants. We Further focused on exploring the association between COPD and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs). As a result, the cell viability significantly decreased as the concentration of PS-NPs increased, while TEER levels decreased and permeability increased. Additionally, PS-NPs could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses at the organ level, and crossed the alveolar-blood barrier to enter the bloodstream. The expression of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) was significantly reduced, which could be served as early COPD checkpoint on the lung-chips. Overall, the lung-on-a-chip provides a new platform for investigating the pulmonary toxicity of nanoplastics, demonstrating that PS-NPs can harm the alveolar-blood barrier, cause oxidative damage and inflammation, and increase the risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yanping Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Zaozao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 China.
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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Loinjak D, Mihić D, Smolić R, Maričić L, Šahinović I, Smolić M, Sikora R, Loinjak S, Dinjar K, Včev A. The Correlation of Serum Calpain 1 Activity and Concentrations of Interleukin 33 in COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1847. [PMID: 37509486 PMCID: PMC10376760 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most severe complications of the COVID-19 disease. The role of IL-33 and calpain 1 was previously described in lung infections and lung tissue damage. Our study examined the association between serum calpain 1 activity and IL-33 concentration in patients with COVID-19 ARDS. In the research, we included 80 subjects who had COVID-19 pneumonia and divided them into 2 groups: 40 subjects with ARDS and 40 subjects without ARDS. The basis of the research was the collection of subjects' data and the sampling of peripheral venous blood. The concentration of IL-33 was determined by the ELISA method and the activity of calpain 1 by the fluorometry method. Our research showed elevated calpain 1 activity and IL-33 concentration in the serum of COVID-19 patients who developed ARDS compared to those who did not develop ARDS and a positive correlation between them was established. Further, a positive correlation was established between the examined parameters and the severity of the disease, proinflammatory markers, and the use of mechanical ventilation. These results indicate a possible association and role of calpain 1 and IL-33 with the development of ARDS in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domagoj Loinjak
- Faculty of Medicine, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pulmology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Damir Mihić
- Faculty of Medicine, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pulmology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Smolić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lana Maričić
- Faculty of Medicine, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Heart and Vascular Diseases, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Šahinović
- Faculty of Medicine, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Smolić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Renata Sikora
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sanja Loinjak
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristijan Dinjar
- Faculty of Medicine, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Včev
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Plichta J, Kuna P, Panek M. Biologic drugs in the treatment of chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases: recent developments and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207641. [PMID: 37334374 PMCID: PMC10272527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases of the lung are some of the leading causes of mortality and significant morbidity worldwide. Despite the tremendous burden these conditions put on global healthcare, treatment options for most of these diseases remain scarce. Inhaled corticosteroids and beta-adrenergic agonists, while effective for symptom control and widely available, are linked to severe and progressive side effects, affecting long-term patient compliance. Biologic drugs, in particular peptide inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies show promise as therapeutics for chronic pulmonary diseases. Peptide inhibitor-based treatments have already been proposed for a range of diseases, including infectious disease, cancers and even Alzheimer disease, while monoclonal antibodies have already been implemented as therapeutics for a range of conditions. Several biologic agents are currently being developed for the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary sarcoidosis. This article is a review of the biologics already employed in the treatment of chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases and recent progress in the development of the most promising of those treatments, with particular focus on randomised clinical trial outcomes.
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Abad López AP, Trilleras J, Arana VA, Garcia-Alzate LS, Grande-Tovar CD. Atmospheric microplastics: exposure, toxicity, and detrimental health effects. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7468-7489. [PMID: 36908531 PMCID: PMC9993231 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07098g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are micro-particulate pollutants present in all environments whose ubiquity leads humans to unavoidable exposure. Due to low density, MPs also accumulate in the atmosphere, where they are easily transported worldwide and come into direct contact with the human body by inhalation or ingestion, causing detrimental health effects. This literature review presents the sources of atmospheric MPs pollution, transport routes, physicochemical characteristics, and environmental interactions. The document also explains the implications for human health and analyzes the risk of exposure based on the potential toxicity and the concentration in the atmosphere. MPs' toxicity lies in their physical characteristics, chemical composition, environmental interactions, and degree of aging. The abundance and concentration of these microparticles are associated with nearby production sources and their displacement in the atmosphere. The above elements are presented in an integrated way to facilitate a better understanding of the associated risk. The investigation results encourage the development of future research that delves into the health implications of exposure to airborne MPs and raises awareness of the risks of current plastic pollution to promote the establishment of relevant mitigation policies and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patricia Abad López
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 Número 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081008 Colombia +57-5-3599-484
| | - Jorge Trilleras
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Heterocíclicos, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 No 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Victoria A Arana
- Grupo de Investigación Ciencias, Educación y Tecnología-CETIC, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 No 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Luz Stella Garcia-Alzate
- Grupo de Investigación Ciencias, Educación y Tecnología-CETIC, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 No 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del Atlántico Carrera 30 Número 8-49 Puerto Colombia 081008 Colombia +57-5-3599-484
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Kaji T, Kuroishi T, Bando K, Takahashi M, Sugawara S. N-acetyl cysteine inhibits IL-1α release from murine keratinocytes induced by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. J Toxicol Sci 2023; 48:557-569. [PMID: 37778984 DOI: 10.2131/jts.48.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophilic compound 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is a major component of dental bonding materials, and it enhances the binding of resin-composites to biomolecules. However, HEMA is a well-known contact sensitizer. We reported previously that intradermal injection of HEMA induces the production of IL-1 locally in the skin. Keratinocytes are the first barrier against chemical insults and constitutively express IL-1α. In this study, we analyzed whether HEMA induces the production of inflammatory cytokines from murine keratinocyte cell line Pam212 cells. We demonstrated that HEMA induced the release of 17-kDa mature IL-1α and caused cytotoxicity. The activity of calpain, an IL-1α processing enzyme, was significantly higher in HEMA-treated cells. The thiol-containing antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) inhibited HEMA-induced IL-1α release but not cytotoxicity. NAC inhibited intracellular calpain activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by HEMA. NAC post-treatment also inhibited IL-1α release and intracellular ROS production induced by HEMA. Furthermore, HEMA-induced in vivo inflammation also inhibited by NAC. NAC inhibited polymerization of HEMA through adduct formation via sulfide bonds between the thiol group of NAC and the reactive double bond of HEMA. HEMA-induced IL-1α release and cytotoxicity were also inhibited if HEMA and NAC were pre-incubated before adding to the cells. These results suggested that NAC inhibited IL-1α release through decreases in intracellular ROS and the adduct formation with HEMA. We concluded that HEMA induces IL-1α release from skin keratinocytes, and NAC may be a promising candidate as a therapeutic agent against inflammation induced by HEMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kaji
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Toshinobu Kuroishi
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Kanan Bando
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Masatoshi Takahashi
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Shunji Sugawara
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
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Li Q, Gu Y, Gao X, Guo X, Huang C, Liu P, Hu G, Li G, Fang W, Mai W, Wu C, Xu Z, Huang F, Liu P. Preparation of polyclonal antibody against phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1 recombinant protein and its functional verification in pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broilers. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang J, Wang L, Chen X, Liang ML, Wei DH, Cao W, Zhang J. Cigarette smoke extract stimulates human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation: Role of inflammation and oxidative stress. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:755-761. [PMID: 35949310 PMCID: PMC9320202 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64170.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Cigarette smoke may play a direct role in proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs). However, the mechanism involved and the effect of interventions remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on HPASMCs, explore the role of inflammation and oxidative stress, and the effects of Tempol and PDTC in this process. Materials and Methods HPASMCs were subjected to normal control (NC), CSE, CSE+Tempol (CSE+T), and CSE+PDTC (CSE+P) groups. Proliferation of HPASMCs was measured by CCK-8 and Western blot. TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, and SOD levels were determined by ELISA and commercial kits. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was evaluated by western blot. Results 1%, 2.5%, and 5% CSE all promoted proliferation of HPASMCs, and effect of 1% CSE was the most significant, however, 7.5% and 10% CSE inhibited viability of cells (all P<0.05). Compared with the NC group, TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels increased, SOD activity decreased (all P<0.05), and NF-κB p65 expression in nuclei increased (P=0.04) in the CSE group. Tempol and PDTC inhibited the proliferation of HPASMCs induced by CSE (all P<0.05). And compared with the CSE group, TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels in CSE+T and CSE+P groups decreased, while SOD activity increased (all P<0.05). Tempol reduced the expression of NF-κB p65 in nuclei but did not achieve a significant difference (P=0.08). PDTC inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 (P=0.03). Conclusion CSE stimulates HPASMCs proliferation in a certain concentration range. The CSE-induced proliferation of HPASMCs involved excessive inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Tempol and PDTC attenuate these effects of CSE on HPASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Mao-Li Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Dong-Hui Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China,Corresponding authors: Jie Cao. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China. Tel: 022-60361612; Fax: 022-60361612; ; Jing Zhang. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China. Tel: 022-60361612; Fax: 022-60361612;
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China,Corresponding authors: Jie Cao. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China. Tel: 022-60361612; Fax: 022-60361612; ; Jing Zhang. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China. Tel: 022-60361612; Fax: 022-60361612;
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Ding H, Li Y, Zhao C, Yang Y, Xiong C, Zhang D, Feng S, Wu J, Wang X. Rutin Supplementation Reduces Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Mammary Gland in Sheep During the Transition Period. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:907299. [PMID: 35711805 PMCID: PMC9196631 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.907299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rutin, a common dietary flavonoid, exhibits remarkable pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. Metabolic stress in mammals during the transition period affects mammary gland health. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the protective effect of rutin supplementing against metabolic stress in the mammary glands of sheep during the transition period, particularly after parturition. Transition Hu sheep (2-3 years old with 62.90 ± 2.80 kg) were randomly divided into three groups, the control group was fed a diet without rutin, while rutin (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight/day) was administered to the two treatment groups (-28 day to +28 day relative to parturition). Serum and blood samples were collected from jugular vein on days -14, -7, +1, +2, +7, +14, +21, +28 relative to parturition. Mammary tissue biopsy samples of four sheep from the treatment group were harvested on day +28 postpartum. Compared to that in the control group, rutin supplementation resulted in lower β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) while increasing the concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and globulin after lactation. Furthermore, rutin treatment led to lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels, resulting in increased catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant potential (T-AOC). Compared to that in the control group, rutin inhibits the mRNA expression of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, rutin markedly downregulated the ratio of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-p65) to total NF-κB p65 (p65). Meanwhile, rutin supplementation resulted in high mRNA abundance of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2, formerly NRF2) and its target gene, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which plays critical roles in maintaining the redox balance of the mammary gland. Furthermore, rutin treatment lowered the levels of various downstream apoptotic markers, including Bax, caspase3 and caspase9, while upregulating anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. These data indicate the positive effect of rutin against inflammation, oxidative stress status, and anti-apoptotic activity in the mammary gland. The mechanism underlying these responses merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Chen J, Rodriguez M, Miao J, Liao J, Jain PP, Zhao M, Zhao T, Babicheva A, Wang Z, Parmisano S, Powers R, Matti M, Paquin C, Soroureddin Z, Shyy JYJ, Thistlethwaite PA, Makino A, Wang J, Yuan JXJ. Mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 is required for pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L737-L760. [PMID: 35318857 PMCID: PMC9076422 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00447.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentric pulmonary vascular wall thickening due partially to increased pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation contributes to elevating pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Although pulmonary vasoconstriction may be an early contributor to increasing PVR, the transition of contractile PASMCs to proliferative PASMCs may play an important role in the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) is a trigger for PASMC contraction and proliferation. Here, we report that upregulation of Piezo1, a mechanosensitive cation channel, is involved in the contractile-to-proliferative phenotypic transition of PASMCs and potential development of pulmonary vascular remodeling. By comparing freshly isolated PA (contractile PASMCs) and primary cultured PASMCs (from the same rat) in a growth medium (proliferative PASMCs), we found that Piezo1, Notch2/3, and CaSR protein levels were significantly higher in proliferative PASMCs than in contractile PASMCs. Upregulated Piezo1 was associated with an increase in expression of PCNA, a marker for cell proliferation, whereas downregulation (with siRNA) or inhibition (with GsMTx4) of Piezo1 attenuated PASMC proliferation. Furthermore, Piezo1 in the remodeled PA from rats with experimental PH was upregulated compared with PA from control rats. These data indicate that PASMC contractile-to-proliferative phenotypic transition is associated with the transition or adaptation of membrane channels and receptors. Upregulated Piezo1 may play a critical role in PASMC phenotypic transition and PASMC proliferation. Upregulation of Piezo1 in proliferative PASMCs may likely be required to provide sufficient Ca2+ to assure nuclear/cell division and PASMC proliferation, contributing to the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jinrui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Manjia Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryan Powers
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Moreen Matti
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cole Paquin
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Zahra Soroureddin
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Patricia A Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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12
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Truong L, Zheng YM, Wang YX. The Potential Important Role of Mitochondrial Rieske Iron–Sulfur Protein as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050957. [PMID: 35625694 PMCID: PMC9138741 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, which is often due to pulmonary hypertension (PH). The underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood, and current medications are neither specific nor always effective. In this review, we highlight the recent findings on the roles of altered mitochondrial bioenergetics in PH in COPD. We also discuss the central role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation mediated by Rieske iron–sulfur protein (RISP) and review the contributions of RISP-dependent DNA damage and NF-κB-associated inflammatory signaling. Finally, the potential importance of mitochondrial RISP and its associated molecules as novel therapeutic targets for PH in COPD are meticulously discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(518)-262-9506; Fax: +1-(518)-262-8101
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13
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Zuo J, Zhang Z, Luo M, Zhou L, Nice EC, Zhang W, Wang C, Huang C. Redox signaling at the crossroads of human health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e127. [PMID: 35386842 PMCID: PMC8971743 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox biology is at the core of life sciences, accompanied by the close correlation of redox processes with biological activities. Redox homeostasis is a prerequisite for human health, in which the physiological levels of nonradical reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as the primary second messengers to modulate physiological redox signaling by orchestrating multiple redox sensors. However, excessive ROS accumulation, termed oxidative stress (OS), leads to biomolecule damage and subsequent occurrence of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Herein, starting with the evolution of redox biology, we reveal the roles of ROS as multifaceted physiological modulators to mediate redox signaling and sustain redox homeostasis. In addition, we also emphasize the detailed OS mechanisms involved in the initiation and development of several important diseases. ROS as a double‐edged sword in disease progression suggest two different therapeutic strategies to treat redox‐relevant diseases, in which targeting ROS sources and redox‐related effectors to manipulate redox homeostasis will largely promote precision medicine. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the redox signaling networks under physiological and pathological conditions will facilitate the development of redox medicine and benefit patients with redox‐relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Maochao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine Ningbo Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine Ningbo Zhejiang P. R. China
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14
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Nucera F, Mumby S, Paudel KR, Dharwal V, DI Stefano A, Casolaro V, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD. Minerva Med 2022; 113:370-404. [PMID: 35142479 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.07972-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke is a prominent cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and provides an important source of exogenous oxidants. In addition, several inflammatory and structural cells are a source of endogenous oxidants in the lower airways of COPD patients, even in former smokers. This suggests that oxidants play a key role in the pathogenesis of COPD. This oxidative stress is counterbalanced by the protective effects of the various endogenous antioxidant defenses of the lower airways. A large amount of data from animal models and patients with COPD have shown that both the stable phase of the disease, and during exacerbations, have increased oxidative stress in the lower airways compared with age-matched smokers with normal lung function. Thus, counteracting the increased oxidative stress may produce clinical benefits in COPD patients. Smoking cessation is currently the most effective treatment of COPD patients and reduces oxidative stress in the lower airways. In addition, many drugs used to treat COPD have some antioxidant effects, however, it is still unclear if their clinical efficacy is related to pharmacological modulation of the oxidant/antioxidant balance. Several new antioxidant compounds are in development for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy -
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Diseases Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Keshav R Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vivek Dharwal
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia
| | - Antonino DI Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, Novara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Diseases Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
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15
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Concepts of advanced therapeutic delivery systems for the management of remodeling and inflammation in airway diseases. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:271-288. [PMID: 35019757 PMCID: PMC8890134 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic respiratory disorders affect millions of people worldwide. Pathophysiological changes to the normal airway wall structure, including changes in the composition and organization of its cellular and molecular constituents, are referred to as airway remodeling. The inadequacy of effective treatment strategies and scarcity of novel therapies available for the treatment and management of chronic respiratory diseases have given rise to a serious impediment in the clinical management of such diseases. The progress made in advanced drug delivery, has offered additional advantages to fight against the emerging complications of airway remodeling. This review aims to address the gaps in current knowledge about airway remodeling, the relationships between remodeling, inflammation, clinical phenotypes and the significance of using novel drug delivery methods.
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16
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Su Y, Han W, Kovacs-Kasa A, Verin AD, Kovacs L. HDAC6 Activates ERK in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling of COPD. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:603-614. [PMID: 34280336 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0520oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multisystemic respiratory disease which is associated with progressive airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling due to the increased proliferation of bronchial and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs and PASMCs) and overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM), e.g., collagen. Cigarette smoke (CS) and several mediators such as PDGF and IL-6 play critical role in the COPD pathogenesis. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to be implicated in vascular remodeling. However, the HDAC6 signaling in airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling of COPD and the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Here we show that HDAC6 expression is upregulated in lungs of COPD patients and animal model. We also found that cigarette smoke extract (CSE), PDGF and IL-6 increase the protein levels and activation of HDAC6 in BSMCs and PASMCs. Furthermore, CSE and these stimulants induced deacetylation and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs which were prevented by HDAC6 inhibition. Inhibition of ERK1/2 also diminished the CSE, PDGF and IL-6-caused elevation in collagen levels and cell proliferation. Pharmacological HDAC6 inhibition by tubastatin A prevented the CS-stimulated increases in the thickness of the bronchial and pulmonary arterial wall, airway resistance, emphysema as well as right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure (RVSP) and RV hypertrophy in rat model of COPD. These data demonstrate that the upregulated HDAC6 governs the collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs leading to airway and vascular remodeling in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Su
- Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, 160343, Department of Pharmacology, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Weihong Han
- Augusta University, 1421, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | | | | | - Laszlo Kovacs
- Augusta University, 1421, Augusta, Georgia, United States;
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17
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Truong L, Zheng YM, Kandhi S, Wang YX. Overview on Interactive Role of Inflammation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Calcium Signaling in Asthma, COPD, and Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:147-164. [PMID: 34019268 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory signaling is a major component in the development and progression of many lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), and pulmonary hypertension (PH). This chapter will provide a brief overview of asthma, COPD, and PH and how inflammation plays a vital role in these diseases. Specifically, we will discuss the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ signaling in inflammatory cellular responses and how these interactive signaling pathways mediate the development of asthma, COPD, and PH. We will also deliberate the key cellular responses of pulmonary arterial (PA) smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and airway SMCs (ASMCs) in these devastating lung diseases. The analysis of the importance of inflammation will shed light on the key questions remaining in this field and highlight molecular targets that are worth exploring. The crucial findings will not only demonstrate the novel roles of essential signaling molecules such as Rieske iron-sulfur protein and ryanodine receptor in the development and progress of asthma, COPD, and PH but also offer advanced insight for creating more effective and new therapeutic targets for these devastating inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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18
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Li F, Hong X, Jiang J. [Calpain activation promotes dialysis-associated peritoneal fibrosis in rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:593-599. [PMID: 33963721 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.04.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of calpain activation in the progression of peritoneal fibrosis. OBJECTIVE Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized equally into control group, MDL28170 (a calpain inhibitor)+normal saline group, peritoneal dialysis (PD) model group and PD + MDL28170 group. In the latter two groups, the rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of 100 mL/kg of 4.25% glucose PD solution, and those in PD+MDL28170 group and MDL28170 saline group received daily infusion of 4 mg/kg MDL28170 every other day. Eight weeks later, the rats were euthanized for pathological examination of the parietal peritoneum, and the visceral peritoneum was used for examining the activation status of calpain and the expressions of fibronectin (FN) and collagen I (COL-I). Calpain activation and expressions of FN, COL-I and α-SMA were also examined using Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay in primary cultures of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells treated with MDL28170, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), or both. OBJECTIVE Compared with the control rats, the rats in PD model group showed significantly increased peritoneal peritoneum thickness, calpain activation in the peritoneal tissue, and expressions of FN and COL-I (P < 0.05). Treatment with MDL28170 significantly alleviated associated peritoneal fibrosis, decreased the thickness of the peritoneum (P < 0.05), and reduced the expressions of FN and COL-I in the rats with daily PD (P < 0.05). In the in vitro experiment, the expressions of FN and COL-I were also significantly lower in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells treated with both MDL28170 and TGF-β than in the cells treated with TGF-β alone (P < 0.05). OBJECTIVE Peritoneal calpain activity and expressions FN and COL-I all increase significantly in rat models of PD-associated peritoneal fibrosis. Calpain activation can promote peritoneal fibrosis, and inhibition of calpain can alleviate peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Department of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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19
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Shi Q, Tang J, Wang L, Liu R, Giesy JP. Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112041. [PMID: 33601174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Awareness of risks posed by widespread presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and bioavailability and potential to interact with organic pollutants has been increasing. Inhalation is one of the more important pathways of exposure of humans to NPs. In this study, combined toxicity of concentrations of polystyrene NPs and various phthalate esters (PAEs), some of the most common plasticizers, including dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on human lung epithelial A549 cells were investigated. When co-exposed, 20 μg NPs/mL increased viabilities of cells exposed to either DBP or DEHP and the modulation of toxic potency of DEHP was greater than that of DBP, while the 200 μg NPs/mL resulted in lesser viability of cells. PAEs sorbed to NPs decreased free phase concentrations (Cfree) of PAEs, which resulted in a corresponding lesser bioavailability and joint toxicity at the lesser concentration of NPs. The opposite effect was observed at the greater concentration of NPs, which may result from the dominated role of NPs in the combined toxicity. Furthermore, our data showed that oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions were mechanisms for combined cytotoxicities of PAEs and NPs on A549 cells. Results of this study emphasized the combined toxic effects and mechanisms on human lung cells, which are helpful for assessing the risk of the co-exposure of NPs and organic contaminants in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Dept. Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Dept. Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
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20
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Chen YC, Andrew Lin KY, Chen KF, Jiang XY, Lin CH. In vitro renal toxicity evaluation of copper-based metal-organic framework HKUST-1 on human embryonic kidney cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116528. [PMID: 33486253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
HKUST-1 is currently studied for a very diverse range of applications. Despite its exciting potential, significant concerns remain regarding the safety of HKUST-1. Therefore, human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells were used to verify the renal toxicity of HKUST-1. In this study, HKUST-1 induced concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects in HEK293 cells. The depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and formation of apoptotic bodies and autophagic vesicles were observed in HKUST-1-treated HEK293 cells. Oxidative (oxidative stress and haem oxygenase-1 activation) and inflammatory responses (NF-κB and NLRP3 activation) in HEK293 cells were induced by HKUST-1 exposure. In addition, the observed reduction in NAD(P)H levels in HKUST-1-treated HEK293 cells may be attributable to PARP-1 activation following DNA single- and double-strand breaks. The HKUST-1-induced depletion of zonula occludens proteins in HEK293 cells might lead to altered renal barrier integrity. The variations of α1-antitrypsin, oxidised α1-antitrypsin and NLRP3 protein expression in HEK293 cells suggested that HKUST-1 increases the risk of chronic kidney diseases. However, most of these adverse effects were significantly induced only by high HKUST-1 concentration (100 μg/mL), which do not reflect the actual exposure. Thus, the toxic risk of HKUST-1 appears to be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, 63208, Taiwan; Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, 54561, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Fan Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, 54561, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Yu Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, 63208, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, 63208, Taiwan.
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21
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Zeng Q, Zeng J. Inhibition of miR-494-3p alleviates oxidative stress-induced cell senescence and inflammation in the primary epithelial cells of COPD patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 92:107044. [PMID: 33461161 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease associated with accelerated aging that threatens the lives of people worldwide and imposes heavy social and economic burdens. Cellular senescence is commonly observed in COPD and contributes to aging-related diseases. PURPOSE To identify the possible molecular pathways modulating cellular senescence in COPD. METHODS MiR-494-3p expression levels in COPD tissues, small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and BEAS-2B cells were detected by qRT-PCR. After transfection with miR-494-3p mimic or inhibitor in COPD SAECs, miR-494-3p modulation of senescence markers and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) proteins was detected. A luciferase assay was employed to verify the direct binding of SIRT3 and miR-494-3p. VX745 and c-myc siRNA were used to investigate the regulation of p38MAPK and c-myc by miR-494-3p. RESULTS As a result of oxidative stress, MiR-494-3p was increased via the p38MAPK-c-myc signaling pathway in the lung tissues and cells of patients with COPD, and the increase in miR-494-3p was accompanied by increases in senescence markers (p27, p21 and p16) and SASP proteins (IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP2 and MMP9). MiR-494-3p was directly bound to SIRT3 in SAECs and was involved in cellular senescence. The upregulation of miR-494-3p decreased SIRT3 expression while increasing p27 expression in SAECs. Inhibition of miR-494-3p in SAECs from COPD patients reduced cell cycle arrest and the expression of SASP proteins (IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP2 and MMP9). CONCLUSION MiR-494-3p expression can be induced by oxidative stress via the p38MAPK-c-myc signaling pathway, and miR-494-3p can directly bind to SIRT3 to reduce its expression, leading to increased cellular senescence and thereby contributing to COPD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zeng
- Center of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Juan Zeng
- Center of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Pham AK, Wu CW, Qiu X, Xu J, Smiley-Jewell S, Uyeminami D, Upadhyay P, Zhao D, Pinkerton KE. Differential lung inflammation and injury with tobacco smoke exposure in Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Inhal Toxicol 2020; 32:328-341. [PMID: 32781858 PMCID: PMC8034838 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2020.1805052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide and has been associated with periods of intense lung inflammation. The objective of this study was to characterize whether similar rat strains, possessing different genetic predispositions, might play a role in exacerbating the pathophysiology of COPD-like cellular and structural changes with progressive 12-week exposure to tobacco smoke (TS). Normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS WKY and SH rats were exposed to filtered air or to tobacco smoke at a particulate concentration of 80 mg/m3 for 4, 8, or 12 weeks. Necropsy was performed 24 h after the last exposure to obtain cells by bronchoalveolar lavage for total cell and differential counts. Scoring of lung tissues and immunohistochemical staining for M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages were performed on paraffin-embedded lung sections. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION With progressive exposure, TS-exposed SH rats demonstrated significant airspace enlargement, mucin production, and lung inflammation compared to their FA control and TS-matched WKY rats. Moreover, SH rats also demonstrated increased expression of the M1 marker in alveolar macrophages compared to FA control, as well as the M2 marker compared to controls and TS-exposed WKY rats. CONCLUSION The progressive tobacco smoke exposure contributes to persistent lung injury and inflammation that can be significantly enhanced by rat strain susceptibility in the genesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa K. Pham
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Wen Wu
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xing Qiu
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Dale Uyeminami
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Priya Upadhyay
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dewei Zhao
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Kent E. Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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23
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Dong CD, Chen CW, Chen YC, Chen HH, Lee JS, Lin CH. Polystyrene microplastic particles: In vitro pulmonary toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121575. [PMID: 31727530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a global environmental concern. Recent studies have shown that MPs, of which the predominant type is often polystyrene (PS; known as PS-MPs), can extend to and affect remote, sparsely inhabited areas via atmospheric transport. Although exposure to inhaled MPs may induce lung dysfunction, further experimental verification of the pulmonary toxic potential of MPs and the mechanism underlying the toxicity is needed. Here we used normal human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells to clarify the association between pulmonary toxicity and PS-MPs. Results revealed that PS-MPs can cause cytotoxic and inflammatory effects in BEAS-2B cells by inducing reactive oxygen species formation. PS-MPs can decrease transepithelial electrical resistance by depleting zonula occludens proteins. Indeed, decreased α1-antitrypsin levels in BEAS-2B cells suggest that exposure to PS-MPs increases the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and high concentrations of PS-MPs can induce these adverse responses. While low PS-MP levels can only disrupt the protective pulmonary barrier, they may also increase the risk for lung disease. Collectively, our findings indicate that PS-MP inhalation may influence human respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, 63208, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, 63208, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Sun Lee
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hua Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, 63208, Taiwan.
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