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Raut R, Maharjan P, Fouladkhah AC. Practical Preventive Considerations for Reducing the Public Health Burden of Poultry-Related Salmonellosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6654. [PMID: 37681794 PMCID: PMC10487474 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
With poultry products as one of the leading reservoirs for the pathogen, in a typical year in the United States, it is estimated that over one million individuals contract non-typhoidal Salmonella infections. Foodborne outbreaks associated with Salmonella infections in poultry, thus, continue to remain a significant risk to public health. Moreover, the further emergence of antimicrobial resistance among various serovars of Salmonella is an additional public health concern. Feeding-based strategies (such as use of prebiotics, probiotics, and/or phytobiotics as well as essential oils), non-feeding-based strategies (such as use of bacteriophages, vaccinations, and in ovo strategies), omics tools and surveillance for identifying antibiotic-resistance genes, post-harvest application of antimicrobials, and biosecurity measures at poultry facilities are practical interventions that could reduce the public health burden of salmonellosis and antibiotic resistance associated with poultry products. With the escalating consumption of poultry products around the globe, the fate, prevalence, and transmission of Salmonella in agricultural settings and various poultry-processing facilities are major public health challenges demanding integrated control measures throughout the food chain. Implementation of practical preventive measures discussed in the current study could appreciably reduce the public health burden of foodborne salmonellosis associated with poultry products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabin Raut
- Cooperative Extension Program, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Pramir Maharjan
- Cooperative Extension Program, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Aliyar Cyrus Fouladkhah
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
- Public Health Microbiology FoundationSM, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
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Portes AB, Panzenhagen P, Pereira dos Santos AM, Junior CAC. Antibiotic Resistance in Campylobacter: A Systematic Review of South American Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030548. [PMID: 36978415 PMCID: PMC10044704 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Campylobacter has become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, especially those first-choice drugs used to treat campylobacteriosis. Studies in South America have reported cases of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in several countries, mainly in Brazil. To understand the current frequency of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in humans, farm animals, and food of animal origin in South America, we systematically searched for different studies that have reported Campylobacter resistance. The most commonly reported species were C. jejuni and C. coli. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was found to be ubiquitous in the isolates. Nalidixic acid and tetracycline showed a significantly expressed resistance. Erythromycin, the antibiotic of first choice for the treatment of campylobacteriosis, showed a low rate of resistance in isolates but was detected in almost all countries. The main sources of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter isolates were food of animal origin and farm animals. The results demonstrate that resistant Campylobacter isolates are disseminated from multiple sources linked to animal production in South America. The level of resistance that was identified may compromise the treatment of campylobacteriosis in human and animal populations. In this way, we are here showing all South American communities the need for the constant surveillance of Campylobacter resistance and the need for the strategic use of antibiotics in animal production. These actions are likely to decrease future difficulties in the treatment of human campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Portes
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing (PGHIGVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24220-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Panzenhagen
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Anamaria Mota Pereira dos Santos
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing (PGHIGVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24220-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing (PGHIGVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24220-000, Brazil
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
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Barril PA, Oteiza JM, Pardo J, Leotta GA, Signorini ML. Meta-analysis of the prevalence of the main human pathogens in vegetables, with emphasis on lettuce. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111727. [PMID: 36076463 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to summarize the available information on the prevalence of the main human pathogenic microorganisms in vegetables, with emphasis on lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The database searches included scientific papers from 1980 to 2019, without language restrictions. Inclusion criteria were prevalence or incidence studies published in peer-reviewed journals reporting the total number of vegetable samples studied and the number of samples positive for the presence of the studied pathogens. The target pathogens were grouped into the following categories: bacteria, parasites and viruses. Results of different vegetable types, years of sampling, analyzed regions or species of microorganisms reported in the same article were considered as different studies. Therefore, each scientific article may contain several studies. Multilevel random-effect meta-analysis models were fitted to estimate the mean occurrence rate of pathogenic microorganisms and to compare them with different factors potentially associated with the outcome. Overall, the prevalence of bacterial, parasitic and viral pathogens in vegetables was relatively low. The mean prevalence of bacterial hazards was < 0.023, with the exception of S. aureus, whose prevalence was estimated at 0.096. The mean occurrence rates of parasites and viruses were 0.067 (95 % CI: 0.056-0.080) and 0.079 (95 % CI: 0.054-0.113), respectively. The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli and parasites increased as the year of publication of the scientific articles progressed, whereas the prevalence of the other bacterial pathogens and enteric viruses was steady. The types of vegetables evaluated did not affect pathogen prevalence. The prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms differed according to the continent of origin, except for E. coli O157:H7 and parasites. The prevalence of pathogens in vegetables is of public health importance, especially in vegetable types that are eaten raw, without thermal treatment to inactivate pathogens. This meta-analysis results show the need to apply proper sanitation methods to treat raw vegetables in order to avoid foodborne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Angélica Barril
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratorio de Microbiología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia Técnica a la Industria (CIATI), Centenario, Neuquén, Argentina; Red de Seguridad Alimentaria (RSA), CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Juan Martín Oteiza
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratorio de Microbiología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia Técnica a la Industria (CIATI), Centenario, Neuquén, Argentina; Red de Seguridad Alimentaria (RSA), CONICET, Argentina
| | - Javier Pardo
- Red de Seguridad Alimentaria (RSA), CONICET, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Anibal Leotta
- Red de Seguridad Alimentaria (RSA), CONICET, Argentina; IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Lisandro Signorini
- Red de Seguridad Alimentaria (RSA), CONICET, Argentina; IDICAL - Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (INTA - CONICET SANTA FE), Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
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da Cunha DT, Hakim MP, Soon JM, Stedefeldt E. Swiss Cheese Model of food safety incidents: Preventing foodborne illness through multiple layers of defence. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kipper D, Mascitti AK, De Carli S, Carneiro AM, Streck AF, Fonseca ASK, Ikuta N, Lunge VR. Emergence, Dissemination and Antimicrobial Resistance of the Main Poultry-Associated Salmonella Serovars in Brazil. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080405. [PMID: 36006320 PMCID: PMC9415136 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Salmonellosis is a human and animal disease caused by Salmonella, a bacterial genus classified into different species, subspecies, and serological variants (serovars) according to adaptation to one or more different hosts (animals and humans), pathogenicity profiles, and antigenic properties. Some specific Salmonella serovars can spread more easily in the enteric microbiota of avian species, often causing disease in birds and/or being transmitted to humans through food (such as chicken and eggs). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has also been reported in poultry-associated Salmonella isolates due to the widespread use of antimicrobials on farms. The availability of comprehensive data on the emergence and spread of Salmonella serovars, as well as their AMR profiles in farms and food products in Brazil (a major producer of poultry in the World), is necessary to understand their relevance in all avian production chains and also occurrence in poultry-derived foods. This article aims to provide an overview of the genus Salmonella and the main serovars that emerged in Brazilian poultry over time (Gallinarum, Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, and Minnesota), reviewing the scientific literature and suggesting more effective prevention and control for the future. Abstract Salmonella infects poultry, and it is also a human foodborne pathogen. This bacterial genus is classified into several serovars/lineages, some of them showing high antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The ease of Salmonella transmission in farms, slaughterhouses, and eggs industries has made controlling it a real challenge in the poultry-production chains. This review describes the emergence, dissemination, and AMR of the main Salmonella serovars and lineages detected in Brazilian poultry. It is reported that few serovars emerged and have been more widely disseminated in breeders, broilers, and layers in the last 70 years. Salmonella Gallinarum was the first to spread on the farms, remaining as a concerning poultry pathogen. Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis were also largely detected in poultry and foods (eggs, chicken, turkey), being associated with several human foodborne outbreaks. Salmonella Heidelberg and Minnesota have been more widely spread in recent years, resulting in frequent chicken/turkey meat contamination. A few more serovars (Infantis, Newport, Hadar, Senftenberg, Schwarzengrund, and Mbandaka, among others) were also detected, but less frequently and usually in specific poultry-production regions. AMR has been identified in most isolates, highlighting multi-drug resistance in specific poultry lineages from the serovars Typhimurium, Heidelberg, and Minnesota. Epidemiological studies are necessary to trace and control this pathogen in Brazilian commercial poultry production chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diéssy Kipper
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (D.K.); (A.K.M.); (A.M.C.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Andréa Karoline Mascitti
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (D.K.); (A.K.M.); (A.M.C.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Silvia De Carli
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas 92425-350, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;
| | - Andressa Matos Carneiro
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (D.K.); (A.K.M.); (A.M.C.); (A.F.S.)
| | - André Felipe Streck
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (D.K.); (A.K.M.); (A.M.C.); (A.F.S.)
| | | | - Nilo Ikuta
- Simbios Biotecnologia, Cachoeirinha 94940-030, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.S.K.F.); (N.I.)
| | - Vagner Ricardo Lunge
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (D.K.); (A.K.M.); (A.M.C.); (A.F.S.)
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas 92425-350, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;
- Simbios Biotecnologia, Cachoeirinha 94940-030, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.S.K.F.); (N.I.)
- Correspondence: or or
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Prevalence, Enterotoxigenic Potential and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from Algerian Ready to Eat Foods. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120835. [PMID: 34941673 PMCID: PMC8707561 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes a foodborne intoxication due to the production of enterotoxins and shows antimicrobial resistance, as in the case of methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA). Herein, we analyzed 207 ready-to-eat foods collected in Algeria, reporting a S. aureus prevalence of 23.2% (48/207) and respective loads of coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS) ranging from 1.00 ± 0.5 to 5.11 ± 0.24 Log CFU/g. The 48 S. aureus isolates were widely characterized by staphylococcal enterotoxin gene (SEg)-typing and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR)-PCR, as well as by detecting tst and mecA genes, genetic determinants of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and methicillin resistance, respectively. We found that the S. aureus isolates belonged to seven different SEg-types harboring the following combinations of genes: (1) selW, selX; (2) egc (seG, seI, seM, seN, seO), selW, selX; (3) seA, seH, seK, seQ, selW, selX; (4) seB, selW, selX; (5) seD, selJ, seR, selW, selX; (6) seH, selW, selX, selY; and (7) seA, egc, selW, selX, while among these, 2.1% and 4.2% were tst- and mecA- (staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec-type IV) positive, respectively. Selected strains belonging to the 12 detected ISR-types were resistant towards antimicrobials including benzylpenicillin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, lincomycin, tetracyclin, kanamycin, oxacillin, and cefoxitin; 8.3% (1/12) were confirmed as MRSA and 16.7% (2/12) were multidrug resistant. The present study shows the heterogeneity of the S. aureus population in Algerian ready-to-eat foods as for their toxigenic potential and antimicrobial resistance, shedding the light on the quality and safety related to the consume of ready-to-eat foods in Algeria.
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de Paula A, Medeiros JD, Fernandes G, da Silva V, Diniz CG. Microbiome of industrialized Minas Frescal Cheese reveals high prevalence of putative bacteria: A concern in the One Health context. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Consumption, knowledge, and food safety practices of Brazilian seafood consumers. Food Res Int 2020; 132:109084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Antimicrobial Characterization of Erythorbyl Laurate for Practical Applications in Food and Cosmetics. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/5073508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, antimicrobial spectrum of erythorbyl laurate (EL) against bacteria and fungi, leading to food-borne and infectious skin diseases, was evaluated for its practical applications in food and cosmetics. Furthermore, the influences of environmental factors including pH, oxidative stress, and dispersion medium on antimicrobial activity of EL were investigated. The three Gram-positive bacteria and the three molds were susceptible to 3.0 mM EL, while the yeast was susceptible to 6.0 mM EL. It was demonstrated EL retained antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after being oxidized while the antibacterial activity against the three Gram-positive bacteria including S. aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria monocytogenes was significantly enhanced as decrease of pH from 7.0 to 5.0. Moreover, EL exhibited bactericidal effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in an oil-in-water emulsion. Treatment of 5.0 mM EL for 4 h reduced 5.29 ± 0.24, 6.01 ± 0.18, 5.95 ± 0.13, and 6.24 ± 0.30 log CFU/mL against S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, respectively. In a multipassage resistance selection study, it was observed minimum inhibitory concentrations of EL against S. aureus were not increased over 20 passages, indicating EL might not develop drug resistance of bacteria. This study suggests EL has a potential to be applied as the multifunctional additive in food and cosmetics.
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Vilela FP, Falcão JP, Campioni F. Analysis of Resistance Gene Prevalence in Whole-Genome Sequenced Enterobacteriales from Brazil. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 26:594-604. [PMID: 31746671 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterobacteriales is an order of bacteria responsible for community and hospital-acquired infections related to high rates of antimicrobial resistance and increased treatment costs, morbidity, and mortality globally. The aims of this study were to analyze the frequency of the resistance genes detected and distribution over the years and sources of isolation in sequenced Enterobacteriales strains isolated in Brazil and available at the Pathogen Detection website. The presence of resistance genes was analyzed in 1,507 whole-genome sequenced strains of 19 Enterobacteriales species. A total of 58.0% of the strains presented resistance genes to at least one antimicrobial class and 684 strains presented a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile. Resistance genes to 14 classes of antimicrobials were detected. Aminoglycosides presented the most prevalent and diverse resistance genes, while the sulfonamide resistance gene, sul2, was the most prevalent among the strains studied. The presence of resistance genes from 14 different antimicrobial classes, the high levels of MDR strains, and the detection of genes related to clinical and veterinary-used drugs reinforce the necessity of more efficient control measures. Moreover, it warns for the necessity of the rational use of antimicrobials in veterinary and clinical situations in Brazil, since contaminated food may act as a vehicle for human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Pinheiro Vilela
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fábio Campioni
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Cunha‐Neto A, Carvalho LA, Castro VS, Barcelos FG, Carvalho RCT, Rodrigues DDP, Conte‐Junior CA, Figueiredo EEDS. Salmonella
Anatum,
S.
Infantis and
S
. Schwarzengrund in Brazilian Cheeses: Occurrence and antibiotic resistance profiles. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adelino Cunha‐Neto
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói 24220-000 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiaba 78060-900 Mato Grosso Brazil
| | - Larrayane Albuês Carvalho
- Food, Nutrition and Metabolism Program Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiaba 78060-900 Mato Grosso Brazil
| | - Vinicius Silva Castro
- Food Science Program, Chemistry Institute Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Flávio Gomes Barcelos
- Animal Science Program Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiaba 78060-900 Mato Grosso Brazil
| | | | - Dália dos Prazeres Rodrigues
- National Reference Laboratory for Cholera and Enteric Diseases Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro 21040-900 Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte‐Junior
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói 24220-000 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Food Science Program, Chemistry Institute Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiaba 78060-900 Mato Grosso Brazil
- Food, Nutrition and Metabolism Program Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiaba 78060-900 Mato Grosso Brazil
- Animal Science Program Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiaba 78060-900 Mato Grosso Brazil
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de Oliveira Elias S, Tombini Decol L, Tondo EC. Foodborne outbreaks in Brazil associated with fruits and vegetables: 2008 through 2014. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyy022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana de Oliveira Elias
- Departamento de Ciências dos Alimentos – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Porto Alegre – RS – Brasil
| | - Luana Tombini Decol
- Departamento de Ciências dos Alimentos – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Porto Alegre – RS – Brasil
| | - Eduardo Cesar Tondo
- Departamento de Ciências dos Alimentos – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Porto Alegre – RS – Brasil
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Alves VF, Niño-Arias FC, Pitondo-Silva A, de Araújo Frazilio D, de Oliveira Gonçalves L, Chaul Toubas L, Sapateiro Torres IM, Oxaran V, Dittmann KK, De Martinis ECP. Molecular characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus from some artisanal Brazilian dairies. Int Dairy J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Antibiotic Resistance Genetic Markers and Integrons in White Soft Cheese: Aspects of Clinical Resistome and Potentiality of Horizontal Gene Transfer. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020106. [PMID: 29463055 PMCID: PMC5852602 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance poses an important threat to global public health and has become a challenge to modern medicine. The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a broad range of foods has led to a growing concern about the impact that food may have as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. Considering Minas Frescal Cheese (MFC)-a typical Brazilian white soft cheese-and its economic and cultural values, in this study, medically relevant antimicrobial-resistance genetic markers (AR genes) were screened, and the occurrence of integrons were evaluated in manufactured MFC using culture-independent approaches. Through a fingerprinting analysis, the tested MFCs were brand-clustered, indicating reproducibility along the production chain. A common core of resistance markers in all brands evaluated and related antimicrobials such as β-lactams, tetracyclines, quinolones, and sulfonamide was detected. Several other markers, including efflux pumps and aminoglycosides-resistance were distributed among brands. Class 1 and 2 integrons were observed, respectively, in 77% and 97% of the samples. The presence of AR genes is of special interest due to their clinical relevance. Taken together, the data may suggest that the production chain of MFC might contribute to the spread of putative drug-resistant bacteria, which could greatly impact human health. Furthermore, detection of class 1 and class 2 integrons in MFC has led to discussions about resistance gene spread in this traditional cheese, providing evidence of potential horizontal transfer of AR genes to human gut microbiota.
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Resende JA, Fontes CO, Ferreira-Machado AB, Nascimento TC, Silva VL, Diniz CG. Antimicrobial-Resistance Genetic Markers in Potentially Pathogenic Gram Positive Cocci Isolated from Brazilian Soft Cheese. J Food Sci 2018; 83:377-385. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Alves Resende
- Dept. of Pharmacy and Nutrition; Federal Univ. of Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre; Alegre Brazil
| | - Cláudia Oliveira Fontes
- Dept. of Basic Sciences of Life; Federal Univ. of Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares; Governador Valadares Brazil
| | | | | | - Vânia Lúcia Silva
- Dept. of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Inst. of Biological Sciences; Federal Univ. of Juiz de Fora; Juiz de Fora Brazil
| | - Cláudio Galuppo Diniz
- Dept. of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Inst. of Biological Sciences; Federal Univ. of Juiz de Fora; Juiz de Fora Brazil
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Dittmann KK, Chaul LT, Lee SHI, Corassin CH, Fernandes de Oliveira CA, Pereira De Martinis EC, Alves VF, Gram L, Oxaran V. Staphylococcus aureus in Some Brazilian Dairy Industries: Changes of Contamination and Diversity. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2049. [PMID: 29123505 PMCID: PMC5662873 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, a major food-poisoning pathogen, is a common contaminant in dairy industries worldwide, including in Brazil. We determined the occurrence of S. aureus in five dairies in Brazil over 8 months. Of 421 samples, 31 (7.4%) were positive for S. aureus and prevalence varied from 0 to 63.3% between dairies. Sixty-six isolates from the 31 samples were typed by Multi-Locus Sequence Typing to determine if these isolates were persistent or continuously reintroduced. Seven known sequence types (STs), ST1, ST5, ST30, ST97, ST126, ST188 and ST398, and four new ST were identified, ST3531, ST3540, ST3562 and ST3534. Clonal complex (CC) 1 (including the four new ST), known as an epidemic clone, was the dominant CC. However, there were no indications of persistence of particular ST. The resistance toward 11 antibiotic compounds was assessed. Twelve profiles were generated with 75.8% of strains being sensitive to all antibiotic classes and no Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were found. The enterotoxin-encoding genes involved in food-poisoning, e.g., sea, sed, see, and seg were targeted by PCR. The two toxin-encoding genes, sed and see, were not detected. Only three strains (4.5%) harbored seg and two of these also harbored sea. Despite the isolates being Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), the presence of CC1 clones in the processing environment, including some harboring enterotoxin encoding genes, is of concern and hygiene must have high priority to reduce contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K. Dittmann
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luíza T. Chaul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Sarah H. I. Lee
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlos H. Corassin
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lone Gram
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Virginie Oxaran
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Oxaran V, Lee SHI, Chaul LT, Corassin CH, Barancelli GV, Alves VF, de Oliveira CAF, Gram L, De Martinis ECP. Listeria monocytogenes incidence changes and diversity in some Brazilian dairy industries and retail products. Food Microbiol 2017; 68:16-23. [PMID: 28800821 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, a severe foodborne disease. In Brazil, despite very few reported cases of listeriosis, the pathogen has been repeatedly isolated from dairies. This has led the government to implement specific legislation to reduce the hazard. Here, we determined the incidence of L. monocytogenes in five dairies and retail products in the Southeast and Midwest regions of Brazil over eight months. Of 437 samples, three samples (0.7%) from retail and only one sample (0.2%) from the dairies were positive for L. monocytogenes. Thus, the contamination rate was significantly reduced as compared to previous studies. MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) was used to determine if contamination was caused by new or persistent clones leading to the first MLST profile of L. monocytogenes from the Brazilian dairy industry. The processing environment isolate is of concern being a sequence-type (ST) 2, belonging to the lineage I responsible for the majority of listeriosis outbreaks. Also, ST3 and ST8 found in commercialized cheese have previously been reported in outbreaks. Despite the lower incidence, dairy products still pose a potential health risk and the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in dairies and retail products emphasize the need for continuous surveillance of this pathogen in the Brazilian dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Oxaran
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sarah Hwa In Lee
- FZEA/USP, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Luíza Toubas Chaul
- FF/UFG, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Humberto Corassin
- FZEA/USP, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lone Gram
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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Camino Feltes MM, Arisseto-Bragotto AP, Block JM. Food quality, food-borne diseases, and food safety in the Brazilian food industry. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/fqs/fyx003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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20
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Silva WC, Targino BN, Mendonça RS, Sant’Ana AS, Hungaro HM. Campylobacter: An overview of cases, occurrence in food, contamination sources, and antimicrobial resistance in Brazil. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2017.1298125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willian Cruzeiro Silva
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Brenda Neres Targino
- Department of Food Sciences, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson S. Sant’Ana
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Humberto Moreira Hungaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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21
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Miao J, Liang Y, Chen L, Wang W, Wang J, Li B, Li L, Chen D, Xu Z. Formation and development ofStaphylococcusbiofilm: With focus on food safety. J Food Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Miao
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Yanrui Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Lequn Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety; Guangzhou China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety; Guangzhou China
| | - Dingqiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis; University of Maryland; Baltimore
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety; Guangzhou China
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22
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Quantitative assessment of the impact of cross-contamination during the washing step of ready-to-eat leafy greens on the risk of illness caused by Salmonella. Food Res Int 2017; 92:106-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Souto MSM, Coura FM, Dorneles EMS, Stynen APR, Alves TM, Santana JA, Pauletti RB, Guedes RMC, Viott AM, Heinemann MB, Lage AP. Antimicrobial susceptibility and phylotyping profile of pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolates from calves and pigs in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:13-23. [PMID: 27709395 PMCID: PMC7089450 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to determine (i) the profiles of phylogroup and (ii) the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from calves, and of Salmonella spp. strains isolated from calves and pigs in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Sixty-one pathogenic E. coli strains and Salmonella spp. (n = 24) strains isolated from fecal samples of calves and Salmonella spp. (n = 39) strains previously isolated from fecal samples of growing/finishing pigs were tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the agar dilution method was determined for nalidixic acid, amikacin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefoxitin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All E. coli isolates were susceptible to amikacin. Tetracycline was the antimicrobial that presented the higher frequency of resistance among E. coli strains, followed by ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, gentamicin, and cefoxitin. E. coli (n = 61) strains isolated from calves belonged to different phylogroup namely, phylogroup A (n = 26), phylogroup B1 (n = 31), phylogroup E (n = 3), and phylogroup F (n = 1). Phylogroups B2, C, and D were not identified among the E. coli in the present study. All Salmonella spp. (n = 24) strains isolated from fecal samples of calves were susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to nalidixic acid and cefoxitin was detected in 16.66 and 8.33 % of the Salmonella spp. strains, respectively. Among the Salmonella spp. (n = 39) strains isolated from fecal samples of pigs, the higher frequency of resistance was observed to tetracycline, followed by amoxicillin, gentamicin, ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, cefoxitin, and norfloxacin. All strains were susceptible to amikacin. Forty-eight (78.68 %) of the E. coli strains were classified as multidrug-resistant, whereas among Salmonella spp. strains, the percentage of multidrug resistance was 57.14 %, being all multidrug-resistant strains isolated from pigs (92.30 %). The results from the present study indicate a high frequency of antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from calves and Salmonella spp. strains isolated from pigs and a high rate of susceptibility to most antimicrobials tested among Salmonella spp. strains isolated from calves. Our study highlights the presence of multidrug-resistant strains of E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from food-producing animals in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa S M Souto
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Coura
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elaine M S Dorneles
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula R Stynen
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Telma M Alves
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jordana Almeida Santana
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rebeca B Pauletti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Roberto M C Guedes
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline M Viott
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Campus Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcos B Heinemann
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey P Lage
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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24
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Evaluation of a cross contamination model describing transfer of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes during grinding of pork and beef. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 226:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Corbellini LG, Júnior AB, de Freitas Costa E, Duarte ASR, Albuquerque ER, Kich JD, Cardoso M, Nauta M. Effect of slaughterhouse and day of sample on the probability of a pig carcass being Salmonella-positive according to the Enterobacteriaceae count in the largest Brazilian pork production region. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 228:58-66. [PMID: 27107299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sources of contamination of carcasses during slaughter include infected pigs as well as environmentally related sources. There are many microbial indicators that can be used in the processing of food to assess food hygiene and the safety of food processing. The presence of some microbial indicators can be viewed as a result of direct or indirect contamination of a food with fecal material. The presence of Enterobacteriaceae is often used as a hygiene indicator, as they are found both in the environment and in the intestine of warm-blooded animals. An association between Salmonella isolation and Enterobacteriaceae count (EC) on pre-chill carcasses has been described, however the impact of slaughterhouse and the day of sampling on the occurrence of Salmonella has not been previously investigated. To this end, mixed logistic regressions (MLRs) with random effects and fixed slopes were performed to assess the change in EC and its correlation with Salmonella occurrence using two data sets. The first describes the EC and Salmonella isolation in 60 pork carcasses in one slaughterhouse sampled at 11 different slaughter steps, including the carcass as a random effect. The second describes the EC and Salmonella isolation on 1150 pre-chill carcasses sampled in 13 slaughterhouses over 230 sampling days, and the model combined two random intercepts, slaughterhouse and date of sampling nested with slaughterhouse (day/slaughterhouse). Statistically significant associations (p<0.0001) between the log of the EC and Salmonella occurrence were found in all models. Nevertheless, although a strong association was found between Enterobacteriaceae and Salmonella contamination in pork carcasses, this association was not constant, given that there was a high variation in the probability of a carcass being positive for Salmonella according to the EC mainly between days of samples. The effect of the day of sampling on Salmonella prevalence was so large that the predictive value of the EC count for Salmonella isolation on a daily basis was compromised. It is possible that on some days batches with a high prevalence of Salmonella carriers shedding a high number of Salmonella were slaughtered. On these days, the potential for contamination/cross-contamination of carcasses will be so large that even hygienic slaughter, confirmed by the low EC on carcasses, will not be able to prevent the presence of Salmonella on some carcasses. The results of this study demonstrate that, despite the statistically significant association found, it may be difficult to predict when hygiene failure measured via EC actually indicates Salmonella contamination, and neither the inverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Gustavo Corbellini
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Division of Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
| | | | - Eduardo de Freitas Costa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Sofia Ribeiro Duarte
- Division of Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | | | | | - Marisa Cardoso
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maarten Nauta
- Division of Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
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Damaceno HFB, de Freitas J CV, Marinho IL, Cupertino TR, Costa LEDO, Nascimento JDS. Antibiotic resistance versus antimicrobial substances production by gram-negative foodborne pathogens isolated from minas frescal cheese: heads or tails? Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:297-301. [PMID: 25622265 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 15 Gram-negative isolates from Minas Frescal cheese sold in commercial establishments in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were able to produce antimicrobial substances (AMSs). Seven, four, two, one, and one isolates identified as Yersinia, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, and Hafnia genera, respectively, were considered potentially pathogenic. All 15 AMS(+) isolates were resistant to at least 1 antibiotic; however, 7 strains presented resistance to at least 3 antibiotics from different classes, exhibiting multiresistance profiles. The strains were also subjected to plasmid profile analysis. All isolates presented different plasmid forms with most ranging in size from 1 to 10 kb. Activity against various pathogens associated with food was tested and all 15 AMS(+) showed the same activity spectrum, inhibiting all Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains that were tested. Although restricted, the action spectrum of AMS-producing strains is extremely relevant to the food industry because Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella spp. are most often associated with foodborne illnesses. The findings of this study reveal that even AMS produced by pathogens can have potential applications against other foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Figueiredo Botelho Damaceno
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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27
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Ceuppens S, Hessel CT, de Quadros Rodrigues R, Bartz S, Tondo EC, Uyttendaele M. Microbiological quality and safety assessment of lettuce production in Brazil. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 181:67-76. [PMID: 24829142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The microbiological quality and safety of lettuce during primary production in Brazil were determined by enumeration of hygiene indicators Escherichia coli, coliforms and enterococci and detection of enteric pathogens Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 in organic fertilizers, soil, irrigation water, lettuce crops, harvest boxes and worker's hands taken from six different lettuce farms throughout the crop growth cycle. Generic E. coli was a suitable indicator for the presence of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, while coliforms and enterococci were not. Few pathogens were detected: 5 salmonellae and 2 E. coli O157:H7 from 260 samples, of which only one was lettuce and the others were manure, soil and water. Most (5/7) pathogens were isolated from the same farm and all were from organic production. Statistical analysis revealed the following environmental and agro-technical risk factors for increased microbial load and pathogen prevalence in lettuce production: high temperature, flooding of lettuce fields, application of contaminated organic fertilizer, irrigation with water of inferior quality and large distances between the field and toilets. Control of the composting process of organic fertilizers and the irrigation water quality appear most crucial to improve and/or maintain the microbiological quality and safety during the primary production of lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siele Ceuppens
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (LFMFP), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claudia Titze Hessel
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rochele de Quadros Rodrigues
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Bartz
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo César Tondo
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mieke Uyttendaele
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (LFMFP), Ghent, Belgium.
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28
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High-throughput detection of food-borne pathogenic bacteria using oligonucleotide microarray with quantum dots as fluorescent labels. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 185:27-32. [PMID: 24927399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens are mostly responsible for food-borne diseases, and there is still substantial room for improvement in the effective detection of these organisms. In the present study, we explored a new method to detect target pathogens easily and rapidly with high sensitivity and specificity. This method uses an oligonucleotide microarray combined with quantum dots as fluorescent labels. Oligonucleotide probes targeting the 16SrRNA gene were synthesized to create an oligonucleotide microarray. The PCR products labeled with biotin were subsequently hybridized using an oligonucleotide microarray. Following incubation with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots coated with streptavidin, fluorescent signals were detected with a PerkinElmer Gx Microarray Scanner. The results clearly showed specific hybridization profiles corresponding to the bacterial species assessed. Two hundred and sixteen strains of food-borne bacterial pathogens, including standard strains and isolated strains from food samples, were used to test the specificity, stability, and sensitivity of the microarray system. We found that the oligonucleotide microarray combined with quantum dots used as fluorescent labels can successfully discriminate the bacterial organisms at the genera or species level, with high specificity and stability as well as a sensitivity of 10 colony forming units (CFU)/mL of pure culture. We further tested 105 mock-contaminated food samples and achieved consistent results as those obtained from traditional biochemical methods. Together, these results indicate that the quantum dot-based oligonucleotide microarray has the potential to be a powerful tool in the detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria in foods.
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The 2014 FIFA World Cup: communicable disease risks and advice for visitors to Brazil--a review from the Latin American Society for Travel Medicine (SLAMVI). Travel Med Infect Dis 2014; 12:208-18. [PMID: 24821081 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The next FIFA World Cup will be held in Brazil in June-July 2014. Around 600,000 international visitors and participants (as well over 3 million domestic travelers) are expected. This event will take place in twelve cities. This event poses specific challenges, given its size and the diversity of attendees, including the potential for the transmission of imported or endemic communicable diseases, especially those that have an increased transmission rate as a result of close human proximity, eg, seasonal influenza, measles but also tropical endemic diseases. In anticipation of increased travel, a panel of experts from the Latin American Society for Travel Medicine (SLAMVI) developed the current recommendations regarding the epidemiology and risks of the main communicable diseases in the major potential destinations, recommended immunizations and other preventives measures to be used as a basis for advice for travelers and travel medicine practitioners. Mosquito-borne infections also pose a challenge. Dengue poses a significant risk in all states, including the host cities. Vaccination against yellow fever is recommended except for travelers who will only visit coastal areas. Travelers visiting high-risk areas for malaria (Amazon) should be assessed regarding the need for chemoprophylaxis. Chikunguya fever may be a threat for Brazil, given the presence of Aedes aegypti, vector of dengue, and the possibility of travelers bringing the virus with them when attending the event. Advice on the correct timing and use of repellents and other personal protection measures is key to preventing these vector-borne infections. Other important recommendations for travelers should focus on preventing water and food-borne diseases such as hepatitis A, typhoid fever, giardiasis and traveler's diarrhea. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) should be also mentioned and the use of condoms advocated. This review addresses pre-travel, preventive strategies to reduce the risk of acquiring communicable diseases during a mass gathering such as the World Cup and also reviews the spectrum of endemic infections in Brazil to facilitate the recognition and management of infectious diseases in travelers returning to their countries of origin.
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Current knowledge and perspectives on biofilm formation: the case of Listeria monocytogenes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:957-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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