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Georgiou T, Petrou PP, Malekkou A, Ioannou I, Gavatha M, Skordis N, Nicolaidou P, Savvidou I, Athanasiou E, Ourani S, Papamichael E, Vogazianos M, Dionysiou M, Mavrikiou G, Grafakou O, Tanteles GA, Anastasiadou V, Drousiotou A. Inherited metabolic disorders in Cyprus. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 39:101083. [PMID: 38694234 PMCID: PMC11061750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective screening for inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) began in Cyprus in 1990. Over the last thirty-three years 7388 patients were investigated for IMD and 200 diagnoses were made (diagnostic yield 2.7%). The existence of a single laboratory of Biochemical Genetics for the whole island facilitated the creation of a national registry for IMD. The minimal prevalence of IMD in Cyprus is 53.3 cases per 100,000 live births. The most common group are disorders of amino acid metabolism (41.0%), followed by disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (16.5%), disorders of complex molecule degradation (16.5%), mitochondrial disorders (10.5%) and disorders of vitamin and co-factor metabolism (5.5%). Hyperphenylalaninaemia is the most common IMD (14.0%) followed by galactosaemia (7.0%), glutaric aciduria type I (5.5%) and MSUD (4.0%). Some disorders were found to have a relatively high incidence in specific communities, for example Sandhoff disease among the Cypriot Maronites and GM1 gangliosidosis in one particular area of the island. Other disorders were found to have a relatively higher overall incidence, compared to other Caucasian populations, for example galactosaemia, glutaric aciduria type I and MSUD, while fatty acid oxidation defects, Gaucher disease and classic PKU were found to have a relatively lower incidence. Molecular characterization of selected disorders revealed many novel genetic variants, specific to the Cypriot population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Georgiou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Petros P. Petrou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anna Malekkou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Ioannou
- Paediatric Neurology Clinic, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Gavatha
- Paediatric Neurology Clinic, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nicos Skordis
- School of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Paola Nicolaidou
- Basic and Clinical Sciences Department, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Irini Savvidou
- Clinical Genetics Department, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Emilia Athanasiou
- Clinical Genetics Department, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sofia Ourani
- Clinical Genetics Department, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Elena Papamichael
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marios Vogazianos
- Centre for Preventive Paediatrics “Americos Argyriou”, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Dionysiou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Gabriella Mavrikiou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Olga Grafakou
- Clinical Genetics Department, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Clinic, Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - George A. Tanteles
- Basic and Clinical Sciences Department, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Anthi Drousiotou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Hosseini K, Fallahi J, Tabei SMB, Razban V. Gene therapy approaches for GM1 gangliosidosis: Focus on animal and cellular studies. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1093-1105. [PMID: 38018878 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important inherited metabolic disorders is GM1 gangliosidosis, which is a progressive neurological disorder. The main cause of this disease is a genetic defect in the enzyme β-galactosidase due to a mutation in the glb1 gene. Lack of this enzyme in cells (especially neurons) leads to the accumulation of ganglioside substrate in nerve tissues, followed by three clinical forms of GM1 disease (neonatal, juvenile, and adult variants). Genetically, many mutations occur in the exons of the glb1 gene, such as exons 2, 6, 15, and 16, so the most common ones reported in scientific studies include missense/nonsense mutations. Therefore, many studies have examined the genotype-phenotype relationships of this disease and subsequently using gene therapy techniques have been able to reduce the complications of the disease and alleviate the signs and symptoms of the disease. In this regard, the present article reviews the general features of GM1 gangliosidosis and its mutations, as well as gene therapy studies and animal and human models of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed M B Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Razban
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhou H, Wu Z, Wang Y, Wu Q, Hu M, Ma S, Zhou M, Sun Y, Yu B, Ye J, Jiang W, Fu Z, Gong Y. Rare Diseases in Glycosphingolipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:189-213. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rha AK, Maguire AS, Martin DR. GM1 Gangliosidosis: Mechanisms and Management. Appl Clin Genet 2021; 14:209-233. [PMID: 33859490 PMCID: PMC8044076 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s206076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The lysosomal storage disorder, GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1), is a neurodegenerative condition resulting from deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-gal). Mutation of the GLB1 gene, which codes for β-gal, prevents cleavage of the terminal β-1,4-linked galactose residue from GM1 ganglioside. Subsequent accumulation of GM1 ganglioside and other substrates in the lysosome impairs cell physiology and precipitates dysfunction of the nervous system. Beyond palliative and supportive care, no FDA-approved treatments exist for GM1 patients. Researchers are critically evaluating the efficacy of substrate reduction therapy, pharmacological chaperones, enzyme replacement therapy, stem cell transplantation, and gene therapy for GM1. A Phase I/II clinical trial for GM1 children is ongoing to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adeno-associated virus-mediated GLB1 delivery by intravenous injection, providing patients and families with hope for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allisandra K Rha
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Anne S Maguire
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Douglas R Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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Priyanka K, Madhana Priya N, Magesh R. A computational approach to analyse the amino acid variants of GLB1 protein causing GM1 Gangliosidosis. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:499-508. [PMID: 33394287 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases comprise different forms of autosomal recessive disorders from which GM1 gangliosidosis has categorized by the accumulation of complex glycolipids associated with a range of progressive neurologic phenotypes. GM1 gangliosidosis is an inherited disorder that progressively destroys nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord. GM1 has three main types of onsets, namely infantile (type I), juvenile (type II), and adult (type III) forms. This study provides a series of computational methods that examine the mutations that occurred in GLB1 protein. Initially, the mutational analysis started with 689 amino acid variants for a sequence-based screening and it was done with quite a few In-silico tools to narrow down the most significant variants by utilizing the standard tools; namely, Evolutionary analysis (77 variants), Pathogenicity prediction (44 variants), Stability predictions (30 variants), Biophysical functions (19 variants) and according to the binding site of protein structure with PDB ID 3THC, seven variants (Y83D, Y83H, Y270S, Y270D, W273R, W273D, and Y333H) were narrowed down. Structure based analysis was performed to understand the interacting profile of the native protein and variants with Miglustat; which is the currently used FDA drug as an alternative to enzyme replacement therapy. Molecular Docking study was done to analyze the protein interaction with Miglustat (ligand), as a result native (3THC) structure had a binding affinity of -8.18 kcal/mol and two variant structures had an average binding affinities of -2.61 kcal/mol (Y83D) and - 7.63 kcal/mol (Y270D). Finally, Molecular Dynamics Simulation was performed to know the mutational activity of the protein structures on Miglustat for 50,000 ps. The Y83D variant showed higher deviation than native protein and Y270D in all trajectory analysis. The analysis was done to the protein structures to check the structural variations happened through simulations. This study aids to understand the most deleterious mutants, the activity of the drug to the protein structure and also gives an insight on the stability of the drug with the native and selected variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Priyanka
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
| | - N Madhana Priya
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
| | - R Magesh
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India.
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Lang FM, Korner P, Harnett M, Karunakara A, Tifft CJ. The natural history of Type 1 infantile GM1 gangliosidosis: A literature-based meta-analysis. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:228-235. [PMID: 31937438 PMCID: PMC7093236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 1 GM1 gangliosidosis is an ultra-rare, rapidly fatal lysosomal storage disorder, with life expectancy of <3 years of age. To date, only one prospective natural history study of limited size has been reported. Thus, there is a need for additional research to provide a better understanding of the progression of this disease. We have leveraged the past two decades of medical literature to conduct the first comprehensive retrospective study characterizing the natural history of Type 1 GM1 gangliosidosis. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to establish a large sample of patients from the literature in order to identify: 1) clinically distinguishing factors between Type 1 and Type 2 GM1 gangliosidosis, 2) age at first symptom onset, first hospital admission, diagnosis, and death, 3) time to onset of common clinical findings, and 4) timing of developmental milestone loss. METHODS PubMed was searched with the keyword "GM1 Gangliosidosis" and for articles from the year 2000 onwards. A preliminary review of these results was conducted to establish subtype classification criteria for inclusion of only Type 1 patients, resulting in 44 articles being selected to generate the literature dataset of 154 Type 1 GM1 gangliosidosis patients. Key clinical events of these patient cases were recorded from the articles. RESULTS Comprehensive subtyping criteria for Type 1 GM1 gangliosidosis were created, and clinical events, including onset, diagnosis, death, and symptomology, were mapped over time. In this dataset, average age of diagnosis was 8.7 months, and average age of death was 18.9 months. DISCUSSION This analysis demonstrates the predictable clinical course of this disease, as almost all patients experienced significant multi-organ system dysfunction and neurodevelopmental regression, particularly in the 6- to 18-month age range. Patients were diagnosed at a late age relative to disease progression, indicating the need for improved public awareness and screening. CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant burden of illness in this disease and provides critical natural history data to drive earlier diagnosis, inform clinical trial design, and facilitate family counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick M Lang
- Axovant Sciences, a subsidiary of Axovant Gene Therapies (Axovant), United States of America
| | - Paul Korner
- Axovant Sciences, a subsidiary of Axovant Gene Therapies (Axovant), United States of America
| | - Mark Harnett
- Axovant Sciences, a subsidiary of Axovant Gene Therapies (Axovant), United States of America
| | - Ajith Karunakara
- Axovant Sciences, a subsidiary of Axovant Gene Therapies (Axovant), United States of America
| | - Cynthia J Tifft
- Office of the Clinical Director & Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NHGRI), United States of America.
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Karimzadeh P, Naderi S, Modarresi F, Dastsooz H, Nemati H, Farokhashtiani T, Shamsian BS, Inaloo S, Faghihi MA. Case reports of juvenile GM1 gangliosidosisis type II caused by mutation in GLB1 gene. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:73. [PMID: 28716012 PMCID: PMC5513107 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type II or juvenile GM1-gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder, which is clinically distinct from infantile form of the disease by the lack of characteristic cherry-red spot and hepatosplenomegaly. The disease is characterized by slowly progressive neurodegeneration and mild skeletal changes. Due to the later age of onset and uncharacteristic presentation, diagnosis is frequently puzzled with other ataxic and purely neurological disorders. Up to now, 3-4 types of GM1-gangliosidosis have been reported and among them type I is the most common phenotype with the age of onset around 6 months. Various forms of GM1-gangliosidosis are caused by GLB1 gene mutations but severity of the disease and age of onset are directly related to the position and the nature of deleterious mutations. However, due to its unique genetic cause and overlapping clinical features, some researchers believe that GM1 gangliosidosis represents an overlapped disease spectrum instead of four distinct types. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report a less frequent type of autosomal recessive GM1 gangliosidosis with perplexing clinical presentation in three families in the southwest part of Iran, who are unrelated but all from "Lurs" ethnic background. To identify disease-causing mutations, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) utilizing next generation sequencing was performed. Four patients from three families were investigated with the age of onset around 3 years old. Clinical presentations were ataxia, gate disturbances and dystonia leading to wheelchair-dependent disability, regression of intellectual abilities, and general developmental regression. They all were born in consanguineous families with no previous documented similar disease in their parents. A homozygote missense mutation in GLB1 gene (c. 601 G > A, p.R201C) was found in all patients. Using Sanger sequencing this identified mutation was confirmed in the proband, their parents, grandparents, and extended family members, confirming its autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a rare pathogenic missense mutation in GLB1 gene in patients with complex neurodevelopmental findings, which can extend the list of differential diagnoses for childhood ataxia in Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Naderi
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Modarresi
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Hassan Dastsooz
- Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Nemati
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Tayebeh Farokhashtiani
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bibi Shahin Shamsian
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soroor Inaloo
- Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faghihi
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA.
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Bidchol AM, Dalal A, Trivedi R, Shukla A, Nampoothiri S, Sankar VH, Danda S, Gupta N, Kabra M, Hebbar SA, Bhat RY, Matta D, Ekbote AV, Puri RD, Phadke SR, Gowrishankar K, Aggarwal S, Ranganath P, Sharda S, Kamate M, Datar CA, Bhat K, Kamath N, Shah H, Krishna S, Gopinath PM, Verma IC, Nagarajaram HA, Satyamoorthy K, Girisha KM. Recurrent and novel GLB1 mutations in India. Gene 2015; 567:173-81. [PMID: 25936995 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene, leading to the deficiency of the enzyme β-d-galactosidase. In this study, we report molecular findings in 50 Asian Indian families with GM1 gangliosidosis. We sequenced all the exons and flanking intronic sequences of GLB1 gene. We identified 33 different mutations (20 novel and 13 previously reported). The novel mutations include 12 missense (p.M1?, p.E129Q, p.G134R, p.L236P, p.G262E, p.L297F, p.Y331C, p.G414V, p.K493N, p.L514P, p.P597L, p.T600I), four splicing (c.246-2A>G, c.397-2A>G, c.552+1G>T, c.956-2A>G), three indels (p.R22Qfs*8, p.L24Cfs*47, p.I489Qfs*4) and one nonsense mutation (p.Q452*). Most common mutations identified in this study were c.75+2InsT (14%) and p.L337P (10%). Known mutations accounted for 67% of allele frequency in our cohort of patients, suggesting that these mutations in GLB1 are recurrent across different populations. Twenty three mutations were localized in the TIM barrel domain, β-domain 1 and β-domain 2. In silico sequence and structure analysis of GLB1 reveal that all the novel mutations affect the function and structure of the protein. We hereby report on the largest series of patients with GM1 gangliosidosis and the first from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Mueed Bidchol
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwin Dalal
- Diagnostics Division, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rakesh Trivedi
- Laboratory of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Facility, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Graduate Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Anju Shukla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Kochi, AIMS Ponekkara, Kerala, India
| | - V H Sankar
- Genetic Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, SAT Hospital, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sumita Danda
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neerja Gupta
- Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhulika Kabra
- Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shrikiran A Hebbar
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh Y Bhat
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Matta
- Diagnostics Division, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Alka V Ekbote
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ratna Dua Puri
- Center of Medical Genetics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubha R Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kalpana Gowrishankar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Childs Trust Medical Research Foundation, Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shagun Aggarwal
- Diagnostics Division, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Department of Medical Genetics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prajnya Ranganath
- Diagnostics Division, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Department of Medical Genetics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sheetal Sharda
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Mahesh Kamate
- Pediatric Neurology, KLE University's J N Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Chaitanya A Datar
- Rare Genetic Disorder Clinic, Sahyadri Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kamalakshi Bhat
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
| | - Nutan Kamath
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
| | - Hitesh Shah
- Pediatric Orthopedics Services, Department of Orthopedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
| | - Shuba Krishna
- Strand Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Puthiya Mundyat Gopinath
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishwar C Verma
- Center of Medical Genetics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - H A Nagarajaram
- Laboratory of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Facility, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Katta Mohan Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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9
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Georgiou T, Nicolaidou P, Hadjichristou A, Ioannou R, Dionysiou M, Siama E, Chappa G, Anastasiadou V, Drousiotou A. Molecular analysis of Cypriot patients with Glutaric aciduria type I: identification of two novel mutations. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:1300-5. [PMID: 24973495 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to identify the mutations in the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene (GCDH) in ten Cypriot patients with Glutaric aciduria type I (GAI). DESIGN AND METHODS Molecular analysis of the GCDH gene was performed by direct sequencing of the patients' genomic DNA. In silico tools were applied to predict the effect of the novel variants on the structure and function of the protein. RESULTS All disease alleles were characterized (mutation detection rate 100%). Five missense mutations were identified: c.192G>T (p.Glu64Asp) and c.803G>T (p.Gly268Val), which are novel, and three previously described mutations, c.1123T>C (p.Cys375Arg), c.1204C>T (p.Arg402Trp) and c.1286C>T (p.Thr429Met). CONCLUSIONS Two novel mutations, p.Glu64Asp and p.Gly268Val, account for the majority of disease alleles (76.5%) in Cypriot patients with Glutaric aciduria type I. A founder effect for the p.Glu64Asp and the p.Gly268Val can be suggested based on the place of origin of the carriers of these mutations. Identification of the causative mutations of GAI in Cypriot patients will facilitate carrier detection as well as post- and pre-natal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Georgiou
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Rodothea Ioannou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Dionysiou
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Elli Siama
- Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Anthi Drousiotou
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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McCurdy VJ, Johnson AK, Gray-Edwards H, Randle AN, Brunson BL, Morrison NE, Salibi N, Johnson JA, Hwang M, Beyers RJ, Leroy SG, Maitland S, Denney TS, Cox NR, Baker HJ, Sena-Esteves M, Martin DR. Sustained normalization of neurological disease after intracranial gene therapy in a feline model. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:231ra48. [PMID: 24718858 PMCID: PMC4412602 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Progressive debilitating neurological defects characterize feline G(M1) gangliosidosis, a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of lysosomal β-galactosidase. No effective therapy exists for affected children, who often die before age 5 years. An adeno-associated viral vector carrying the therapeutic gene was injected bilaterally into two brain targets (thalamus and deep cerebellar nuclei) of a feline model of G(M1) gangliosidosis. Gene therapy normalized β-galactosidase activity and storage throughout the brain and spinal cord. The mean survival of 12 treated G(M1) animals was >38 months, compared to 8 months for untreated animals. Seven of the eight treated animals remaining alive demonstrated normalization of disease, with abrogation of many symptoms including gait deficits and postural imbalance. Sustained correction of the G(M1) gangliosidosis disease phenotype after limited intracranial targeting by gene therapy in a large animal model suggests that this approach may be useful for treating the human version of this lysosomal storage disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J. McCurdy
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Aime K. Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Heather Gray-Edwards
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Ashley N. Randle
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Brandon L. Brunson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Nancy E. Morrison
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Nouha Salibi
- Siemens Healthcare, MR R&D, Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA
- Auburn University MRI Research Center, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Jacob A. Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Misako Hwang
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Ronald J. Beyers
- Auburn University MRI Research Center, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Stanley G. Leroy
- Department of Neurology and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stacy Maitland
- Department of Neurology and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas S. Denney
- Auburn University MRI Research Center, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Nancy R. Cox
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Henry J. Baker
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Department of Neurology and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas R. Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
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11
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Sperb F, Vairo F, Burin M, Mayer FQ, Matte U, Giugliani R. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Brazilian patients with GM1 gangliosidosis. Gene 2012; 512:113-6. [PMID: 23046582 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis is a lysosomal disorder caused by β-galactosidase deficiency due to mutations in the GLB1 gene. It is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with an incidence of about 1:100,000-1:200,000 live births worldwide. Here we review GLB1 mutations and clinical features from 65 Brazilian GM1 gangliosidosis patients. Molecular analysis showed 17 different mutations and c.1622-1627insG was the most frequent, accounting for 50% of the alleles. Cognitive impairment was the main clinical sign, observed in 82% of patients, followed by hepatosplenomegaly observed in 56% of patients. It was possible to establish a significant correlation between age at onset of symptoms preceding the first year of life and the presence of the mutation c.1622-1627insG (p=0.03). Overall our findings differ from literature and represent the exclusive genotypic profile found in Brazilian GM1 gangliosidosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Sperb
- Gene Therapy Center, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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12
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Rigat BA, Tropak MB, Buttner J, Crushell E, Benedict D, Callahan JW, Martin DR, Mahuran DJ. Evaluation of N-nonyl-deoxygalactonojirimycin as a pharmacological chaperone for human GM1 gangliosidosis leads to identification of a feline model suitable for testing enzyme enhancement therapy. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 107:203-12. [PMID: 22784478 PMCID: PMC4010500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deficiencies of lysosomal β-D-galactosidase can result in GM1 gangliosidosis, a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by massive neuronal storage of GM1 ganglioside in the brain. Currently there are no available therapies that can even slow the progression of this disease. Enzyme enhancement therapy utilizes small molecules that can often cross the blood brain barrier, but are also often competitive inhibitors of their target enzyme. It is a promising new approach for treating diseases, often caused by missense mutations, associated with dramatically reduced levels of functionally folded enzyme. Despite a number of positive reports based on assays performed with patient cells, skepticism persists that an inhibitor-based treatment can increase mutant enzyme activity in vivo. To date no appropriate animal model, i.e., one that recapitulates a responsive human genotype and clinical phenotype, has been reported that could be used to validate enzyme enhancement therapy. In this report, we identify a novel enzyme enhancement-agent, N-nonyl-deoxygalactonojirimycin, that enhances the mutant β-galactosidase activity in the lysosomes of a number of patient cell lines containing a variety of missense mutations. We then demonstrate that treatment of cells from a previously described, naturally occurring feline model (that biochemically, clinically and molecularly closely mimics GM1 gangliosidosis in humans) with this molecule, results in a robust enhancement of their mutant lysosomal β-galactosidase activity. These data indicate that the feline model could be used to validate this therapeutic approach and determine the relationship between the disease stage at which this therapy is initiated and the maximum clinical benefits obtainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte A. Rigat
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Michael B. Tropak
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Justin Buttner
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Ellen Crushell
- Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Daphne Benedict
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - John W. Callahan
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Douglas R. Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center and Dept. Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Don J. Mahuran
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A8
- Corresponding author at: Genetics & Genome Biology Department, The Hospital for Sick Children, Room 9146 A, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8. Fax: +1 416 813 8700. (D.J. Mahuran)
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13
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Hofer D, Paul K, Fantur K, Beck M, Bürger F, Caillaud C, Fumic K, Ledvinova J, Lugowska A, Michelakakis H, Radeva B, Ramaswami U, Plecko B, Paschke E. GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B disease: expression analysis of missense mutations affecting the catalytic site of acid beta-galactosidase. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:1214-21. [PMID: 19472408 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in GLB1, the gene coding for acid beta-D-galactosidase (beta-Gal), can result in GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1), a neurodegenerative disorder, or in Morquio B disease (MBD), a phenotype with dysostosis multiplex and normal central nervous system (CNS) function. While most MBD patients carry a common allele, c.817TG>CT (p.W273L), only few of the >100 mutations known in GM1 can be related to a certain phenotype. In 25 multiethnic patients with GM1 or MBD, 11 missense mutations were found as well as one novel insertion and a transversion causing aberrant gene products. Except c.602G>A (p.R201H) and two novel alleles, c.592G>T (p.D198Y) and c.1189C>G (p.P397A), all mutants resulted in significantly reduced beta-Gal activities (<10% of normal) upon expression in COS-1 cells. Although c.997T>C (p.Y333H) expressed 3% of normal activity, the mutant protein was localized in the lysosomal-endosomal compartment. A homozygous case presented with late infantile GM1, while a heterozygous, juvenile case carried p.Y333H together with p.R201H. This allele, recently found in homozygous MBD, gives rise to rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)-located beta-Gal precursors. Thus, unlike classical MBD, the phenotype of heterozygotes carrying p.R201H may rather be determined by poorly active, properly transported products of the counter allele than by the mislocalized p.R201H precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Hofer
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz A-8036, Austria
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14
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Brunetti-Pierri N, Scaglia F. GM1 gangliosidosis: review of clinical, molecular, and therapeutic aspects. Mol Genet Metab 2008; 94:391-396. [PMID: 18524657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2008] [Revised: 04/12/2008] [Accepted: 04/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
GM(1) gangliosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder due to deficiency of the beta-galactosidase enzyme. This deficiency results in accumulation of GM(1) gangliosides and related glycoconjugates in the lysosomes leading to lysosomal swelling, cellular damage, and organ dysfunction. The disease is lethal in the infantile and juvenile forms. To date, up to 102 mutations distributed along the beta-galactosidase gene (GLB1) have been reported. This review gives an overview of the clinical and molecular findings in patients with GM(1) gangliosidosis. Furthermore, it describes therapeutic approaches which are currently under investigation in animal models of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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15
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Kreutzer R, Kreutzer M, Leeb T, Baumgärtner W. Rapid and accurate GM1-gangliosidosis diagnosis using a parentage testing microsatellite. Mol Cell Probes 2008; 22:252-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Martin DR, Rigat BA, Foureman P, Varadarajan GS, Hwang M, Krum BK, Smith BF, Callahan JW, Mahuran DJ, Baker HJ. Molecular consequences of the pathogenic mutation in feline GM1 gangliosidosis. Mol Genet Metab 2008; 94:212-21. [PMID: 18353697 PMCID: PMC2910747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Revised: 02/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
G(M1) gangliosidosis is an inherited, fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of lysosomal beta-d-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) and consequent storage of undegraded G(M1) ganglioside. To characterize the genetic mutation responsible for feline G(M1) gangliosidosis, the normal sequence of feline beta-galactosidase cDNA first was defined. The feline beta-galactosidase open reading frame is 2010 base pairs, producing a protein of 669 amino acids. The putative signal sequence consists of amino acids 1-24 of the beta-galactosidase precursor protein, which contains seven potential N-linked glycosylation sites, as in the human protein. Overall sequence homology between feline and human beta-galactosidase is 74% for the open reading frame and 82% for the amino acid sequence. After normal beta-galactosidase was sequenced, the mutation responsible for feline G(M1) gangliosidosis was defined as a G to C substitution at position 1448 of the open reading frame, resulting in an amino acid substitution at arginine 483, known to cause G(M1) gangliosidosis in humans. Feline beta-galactosidase messenger RNA levels were normal in cerebral cortex, as determined by quantitative RT-PCR assays. Although enzymatic activity is severely reduced by the mutation, a full-length feline beta-galactosidase cDNA restored activity in transfected G(M1) fibroblasts to 18-times normal. beta-Galactosidase protein levels in G(M1) tissues were normal on Western blots, but immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that the majority of mutant beta-galactosidase protein did not reach the lysosome. Additionally, G(M1) cat fibroblasts demonstrated increased expression of glucose-related protein 78/BiP and protein disulfide isomerase, suggesting that the unfolded protein response plays a role in pathogenesis of feline G(M1) gangliosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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