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Furini G, De Carli A, Fonnesu R, Spezia PG, Scebba F, Pistello M, Lai M, Lionetti V. Gene silencing of endothelial von Willebrand factor reduces the susceptibility of human endothelial cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection. FEBS J 2023; 290:4300-4315. [PMID: 37098810 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying vascular endothelial susceptibility to infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not fully understood. Emerging evidence indicates that patients lacking von Willebrand factor (vWF), an endothelial hallmark, are less severely affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet the precise role of endothelial vWF in modulating coronavirus entry into endothelial cells is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that effective gene silencing by short interfering RNA (siRNA) for vWF expression in resting human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) significantly reduced by 56% the cellular levels of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA. Similar reduction in intracellular SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA levels was observed in non-activated HUVECs treated with siRNA targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the cellular gateway to coronavirus. By integrating quantitative information from real-time PCR and high-resolution confocal imaging, we demonstrated that ACE2 gene expression and its plasma membrane localization in HUVECs were both markedly reduced after treatment with siRNA anti-vWF or anti-ACE2. Conversely, siRNA anti-ACE2 did not reduce endothelial vWF gene expression and protein levels. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 infection of viable HUVECs was enhanced by overexpression of vWF, which increased ACE2 levels. Of note, we found a similar increase in interferon-β mRNA levels following transfection with untargeted, anti-vWF or anti-ACE2 siRNA and pcDNA3.1-WT-VWF. We envision that siRNA targeting endothelial vWF will protect against productive endothelial infection by SARS-CoV-2 through downregulation of ACE2 expression and might serve as a novel tool to induce disease resistance by modulating the regulatory role of vWF on ACE2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Furini
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- UOSVD Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Fondazione Toscana "G. Monasterio", Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Carli
- Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella Fonnesu
- Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Spezia
- Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Scebba
- BioMedicine Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mauro Pistello
- Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Italy
- Virology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Italy
| | - Michele Lai
- Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Italy
- CISUP - Centre for Instrumentation Sharing - University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- UOSVD Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Fondazione Toscana "G. Monasterio", Pisa, Italy
- BioMedicine Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
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Chen X, Qi D, Fan S, He Y, Jing H, Wang D. Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) inhibits lung endothelial regeneration following inflammation-induced acute lung injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:367-383. [PMID: 36857175 PMCID: PMC10011169 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a respiratory condition caused by severe endothelial barrier dysfunction within the lung. In ARDS, excessive inflammation, tissue edema, and immune cell influx prevents endothelial cell regeneration that is crucial in repairing the endothelial barrier. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism that underpin endothelial cell regeneration in ARDS. METHODS R-based bioinformatics tools were used to analyze microarray-derived transcription profiles in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) subjected to non-treatment or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. We generated endothelial cell-specific interferon regulatory factor 1 (Irf1) knockout (Irf1EC-/-) and Irf1fl/fl control mice for use in an endotoxemic murine model of acute lung injury (ALI). In vitro studies (qPCR, immunoblotting, and ChIP-qPCR) were conducted in mouse lung endothelial cells (MLECs) and HLMVECs. Dual-luciferase promoter reporter assays were performed in HLMVECs. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses identified IRF1 as a key up-regulated gene in HLMVECs post-LPS exposure. Endothelial-specific knockout of Irf1 in ALI mice resulted in enhanced regeneration of lung endothelium, while liposomal delivery of endothelial-specific Irf1 to wild-type ALI mice inhibited lung endothelial regeneration in a leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif)-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that LPS-induced Stat1Ser727 phosphorylation promotes Irf1 transactivation, resulting in downstream up-regulation of Lif that inhibits endothelial cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the existence of a p-Stat1Ser727-Irf1-Lif axis that inhibits lung endothelial cell regeneration post-LPS injury. Thus, direct inhibition of IRF1 or LIF may be a promising strategy for enhancing endothelial cell regeneration and improving clinical outcomes in ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Xiaorui Chen () or Daoxin Wang ()
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shulei Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yirui He
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hekun Jing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Xiaorui Chen () or Daoxin Wang ()
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Effects of human recombinant type I IFNs (IFN-α2b and IFN-β1a) on growth and migration of primary endometrial stromal cells from women with deeply infiltrating endometriosis: A preliminary study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 230:192-198. [PMID: 30312884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) Endometriosis is a major cause of infertility and disability for women, caused by the presence of inflammatory endometrial implants in extrauterine locations. Among the constituents involved in the immune response during the development of endometriosis, several chemokines, including interferons (IFNs) may have a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activities of type I IFNs (IFN-α2b and IFN-β1a) in primary endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) isolated from women with deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). STUDY DESIGN The study subjects included 7 women ranged in the age from 27 to 37 years with diagnosis of DIE (Stage III and IV). Collected primary ESC monolayers, isolated from endometriotic nodules, were incubated with various concentrations (from 1 to 1000 IU/ml) of IFN-α2b or IFN-β1a. RESULT(S) IFN-β1a had a significantly higher activity in hampering the proliferation of cells compared to IFN-α2b. This effect could be related to the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S phase, observed in ESCs during incubation with IFN-β1a. Moreover, IFN-β1a was more potent than IFN-α2b in inhibiting migration and EGF-induced ERK activity of primary ESCs. CONCLUSION(S) The inhibitory in vitro effect on ESC proliferation and migration of IFN-β1a was much more potent than IFN-α2b. These preliminary data offer the rationale for future preclinical and clinical trials using IFN-β1a as a new tool for the therapy and tertiary prevention in patients with DIE.
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Mastrangeli R, D'amici F, D'Acunto CW, Fiumi S, Rossi M, Terlizzese M, Palinsky W, Bierau H. A deamidated interferon-β variant binds to integrin αvβ3. Cytokine 2018; 104:38-41. [PMID: 29414325 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human type I interferons are a family of pleiotropic cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory activities. They signal through the same cell surface receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 yet evoking markedly different physiological effects. One differentiating factor of interferon-beta (IFN-β) from other type I interferons is the presence of theAsn-Gly-Arg (NGR) sequence motif, which, upon deamidation, converts to Asp-Gly-Arg (DGR) and iso-Asp-Gly-Arg (iso-DGR) motifs. In other proteins, the NGR and iso-DGR motifs are reported as CD13- and αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, αvβ8 and α5β1 integrin-binding motifs, respectively. The scope of this study was to perform exploratory surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments to assess the binding properties of a deamidated IFN-β variant to integrins. For this purpose, integrin αvβ3 was selected as a reference model within the iso-DGR- integrin binding members. The obtained results show that deamidated IFN-β binds integrin αvβ3 with nanomolar affinity and that the response was dependent on the deamidation extent. Based on these results, it can be expected that deamidated IFN-β also binds to other integrin family members that are able to bind to the iso-DGR binding motif. The novel binding properties could help elucidate specific IFN-β attributes that under physiological conditions may be modulated by the deamidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Mastrangeli
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Fabio D'amici
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Cosimo-Walter D'Acunto
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Sabrina Fiumi
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Mara Rossi
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Terlizzese
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Wolf Palinsky
- Biotech Development Programme, Merck Biopharma (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Zone Industrielle de l'Ouriettaz, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - Horst Bierau
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy.
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Jia H, Thelwell C, Dilger P, Bird C, Daniels S, Wadhwa M. Endothelial cell functions impaired by interferon in vitro: Insights into the molecular mechanism of thrombotic microangiopathy associated with interferon therapy. Thromb Res 2018; 163:105-116. [PMID: 29407621 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-β approved for treatment of chronic hepatitis C viral infection and multiple sclerosis respectively have been linked to thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) affecting renal function. Since the molecular mechanisms underlying this severe complication remain largely unclear, we aimed to investigate whether IFN affects directly in vitro endothelial cell functions associated with angiogenesis and blood haemostasis, as well as endothelial cell-derived vasodilators of nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin. METHODS Proliferation and survival of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were measured by BrdU incorporation and alamarBlue assays. Angiogenesis was evaluated in co-cultures of HUVECs and human dermal fibroblasts. Fibrinolysis molecules were measured with ELISA. NO and prostacyclin were measured using a fluorescent NO-specific probe and a competitive enzyme immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS HUVEC proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b, but not by IFN-α2a and IFN-α2b. Consistently, IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b also reduced survival of HUVECs, but this again was not observed with IFN-α. However, both IFN subtypes inhibited VEGF-induced development of capillary-like structures, but the effect of IFN-α was less potent than IFN-β. In addition, both IFN subtypes upregulated interferon inducible protein 10 production from treated co-cultures while suppressing angiogenesis. Furthermore, intracellular NO generation was reduced by IFN-α2a and IFN-β1a, whereas prostacyclin release from HUVECs was not affected by IFN. Importantly, both IFN-β1a- and IFN-β1b-treated HUVECs showed a marked reduction in urokinase-type plasminogen activator release and a much greater secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 than tissue-type plasminogen activator compared with untreated cells, suggesting decreased fibrinolytic activity. IFN-α, however was less effective in modulating the fibrinolysis system. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the detrimental effects of IFN on endothelial cell functions mediated with angiogenesis and fibrinolysis, which could potentially cause the loss of physiological endothelium thromboresistance and facilitate the development of vascular complications in a clinical setting. Mechanistically, our findings have implications for understanding how IFN therapy can foster the development of TMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Jia
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom.
| | - Craig Thelwell
- Section of Haemostasis, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Dilger
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Bird
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Daniels
- Section of Haemostasis, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
| | - Meenu Wadhwa
- Section of Cytokines and Growth Factors, Division of Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
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Ramos L, Busca C, Robles A. Esteatonecrosis aséptica en una paciente con esclerosis múltiple y tratamiento con interferón beta 1b. Med Clin (Barc) 2018; 150:122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Medrano RFV, Hunger A, Mendonça SA, Barbuto JAM, Strauss BE. Immunomodulatory and antitumor effects of type I interferons and their application in cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71249-71284. [PMID: 29050360 PMCID: PMC5642635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, the pleiotropic antitumor functions exerted by type I interferons (IFNs) have become universally acknowledged, especially their role in mediating interactions between the tumor and the immune system. Indeed, type I IFNs are now appreciated as a critical component of dendritic cell (DC) driven T cell responses to cancer. Here we focus on IFN-α and IFN-β, and their antitumor effects, impact on immune responses and their use as therapeutic agents. IFN-α/β share many properties, including activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and induction of a variety of cellular phenotypes. For example, type I IFNs drive not only the high maturation status of DCs, but also have a direct impact in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK cell activation, induction of tumor cell death and inhibition of angiogenesis. A variety of stimuli, including some standard cancer treatments, promote the expression of endogenous IFN-α/β, which then participates as a fundamental component of immunogenic cell death. Systemic treatment with recombinant protein has been used for the treatment of melanoma. The induction of endogenous IFN-α/β has been tested, including stimulation through pattern recognition receptors. Gene therapies involving IFN-α/β have also been described. Thus, harnessing type I IFNs as an effective tool for cancer therapy continues to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan F V Medrano
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Hunger
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samir Andrade Mendonça
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Cell and Molecular Therapy Center, NUCEL-NETCEM, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bryan E Strauss
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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Dicitore A, Grassi ES, Borghi MO, Gelmini G, Cantone MC, Gaudenzi G, Persani L, Caraglia M, Vitale G. Antitumor activity of interferon-β1a in hormone refractory prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:761-770. [PMID: 28247216 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β) are a class of cytokines that exert several biological activities, such as modulation of cell proliferation and differentiation and of the immune system. Although these cytokines interact with a common receptor complex, IFN-β showed a more potent antitumor activity than IFN-α in several tumor models. New recombinant human IFN-β products, such as IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b, have been produced in order to improve the stability and bioavailability of natural IFN-β. In this report, we analyzed the effects of recombinant IFN-β1a on the cell proliferation of two human androgen-resistant prostate cancer cell lines with neuroendocrine differentiation (DU-145, PC-3) and related mechanisms of action. METHODS The effects of IFN-β1a on the cell growth proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis have been evaluated in DU-145 and PC-3 cells through MTT assay, DNA flow cytometry with propidium iodide, and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Moreover, the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, and PARP was evaluated through Western blotting. RESULTS IFN-β1a showed a significant anti-proliferative activity in both androgen-resistant cell lines. This effect was related to cell cycle perturbation and induction in apoptosis, as shown by flow cytometric analysis, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and PARP cleavage during incubation with IFN-β1a. Moreover, this cytokine reduced the expression of NSE in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant IFN-β1a (Rebif) showed a potent in vitro anti-proliferative activity in androgen-resistant prostate cancer cells, and it could represent a promising tool for the treatment of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dicitore
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy
| | - E S Grassi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M O Borghi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Laboratory of Immuno-rheumatology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gelmini
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy
| | - M C Cantone
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gaudenzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Vitale
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Hussner J, Sünwoldt J, Seibert I, Gliesche DG, Zu Schwabedissen HEM. Pimecrolimus increases the expression of interferon-inducible genes that modulate human coronary artery cells proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 784:137-46. [PMID: 27212382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacodynamics of the loaded compounds defines clinical failure or success of a drug-eluting device. Various limus derivatives have entered clinics due to the observed positive outcome after stent implantation, which is explained by their antiproliferative activity resulting from inhibition of the cytosolic immunophilin FK506-binding protein 12. Although pimecrolimus also binds to this protein, pimecrolimus-eluting stents failed in clinics. However, despite its impact on T lymphocytes little is known about the pharmacodynamics of pimecrolimus in cultured human coronary artery cells. We were able to show that pimecrolimus exerts antiproliferative activity in human smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Furthermore in those cells pimecrolimus induced transcription of interferon-inducible genes which in part are known to modulate cell proliferation. Modulation of gene expression may be part of an interaction between calcineurin, the downstream target of the pimecrolimus/FK506-binding protein 12-complex, and the toll-like receptor 4. In accordance are our findings showing that silencing of toll-like receptor 4 by siRNA in A549 a lung carcinoma cell line reduced the activation of interferon-inducible genes upon pimecrolimus treatment in those cells. Based on our findings we hypothesize that calcineurin inhibition may induce the toll-like receptor 4 mediated activation of type I interferon signaling finally inducing the observed effect in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The crosstalk of interferon and toll-like receptor signaling may be a molecular mechanism that contributed to the failure of pimecrolimus-eluting stents in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Hussner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Sünwoldt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Isabell Seibert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel G Gliesche
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Grenn RC, Yalavarthi S, Gandhi AA, Kazzaz NM, Núñez-Álvarez C, Hernández-Ramírez D, Cabral AR, McCune WJ, Bockenstedt PL, Knight JS. Endothelial progenitor dysfunction associates with a type I interferon signature in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 76:450-457. [PMID: 27432357 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are at risk for subclinical endothelial injury, as well as accelerated atherosclerosis. In the related disease systemic lupus erythematosus, there is a well-established defect in circulating endothelial progenitors, which leads to an accrual of endothelial damage over time. This defect has been at least partially attributed to exaggerated expression of type I interferons (IFNs). We sought to determine whether these pathways are important in APS. METHODS We studied 68 patients with primary APS. Endothelial progenitors were assessed by flow cytometry and functional assay. Type I IFN activity was determined by a well-accepted bioassay, while peripheral blood mononuclear cells were scored for expression of IFN-responsive genes. RESULTS Endothelial progenitors from patients with APS demonstrated a marked defect in the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells, a phenotype which could be mimicked by treating control progenitors with APS sera. Elevated type I IFN activity was detected in the circulation of patients with APS (a finding that was then replicated in an independent cohort). While IgG depletion from APS sera did not rescue endothelial progenitor function, the dysfunction was successfully reversed by a type I IFN receptor-neutralising antibody. CONCLUSIONS We describe, for the first time to our knowledge, an IFN signature in primary APS and show that this promotes impaired endothelial progenitor function. This work opens the door to novel approaches that may mitigate vascular damage in APS, such as anti-IFN drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Grenn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Srilakshmi Yalavarthi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alex A Gandhi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nayef M Kazzaz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carlos Núñez-Álvarez
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego Hernández-Ramírez
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio R Cabral
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Division of Rheumatology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Joseph McCune
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paula L Bockenstedt
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason S Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Ortiz A, Fuchs SY. Anti-metastatic functions of type 1 interferons: Foundation for the adjuvant therapy of cancer. Cytokine 2016; 89:4-11. [PMID: 26822709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The anti-tumorigenic effects that type 1 interferons (IFN1) elicited in the in vitro studies prompted consideration of IFN1 as a potent candidate for clinical treatment. Though not all patients responded to IFN1, clinical trials have shown that patients with high risk melanoma, a highly refractory solid malignancy, benefit greatly from intermediate IFN1 treatment in regards to relapse-free and distant-metastasis-free survival. The mechanisms by which IFN1 treatment at early stages of disease suppress tumor recurrence or metastatic incidence are not fully understood. Intracellular IFN1 signaling is known to affect cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Moreover, recent studies have revealed specific IFN1-regulated genes that may contribute to IFN1-mediated suppression of cancer progression and metastasis. In concert, expression of these different IFN1 stimulated genes may impede numerous mechanisms that mediate metastatic process. Though, IFN1 treatment is still utilized as part of standard care for metastatic melanoma (alone or in combination with other therapies), cancers find the ways to develop insensitivity to IFN1 treatment allowing for unconstrained disease progression. To determine how and when IFN1 treatment would be most efficacious during disease progression, we must understand how IFN1 signaling affects different metastasis steps. Here, we specifically focus on the anti-metastatic role of endogenous IFN1 and parameters that may help to use pharmaceutical IFN1 in the adjuvant treatment to prevent cancer recurrence and metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Ortiz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Yıldırım C, Nieuwenhuis S, Teunissen PF, Horrevoets AJ, van Royen N, van der Pouw Kraan TC. Interferon-Beta, a Decisive Factor in Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:411-20. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Nieuwenhuis
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul F. Teunissen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J.G. Horrevoets
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mori T, Ohashi T, Kikuchi N, Hanami Y, Yamamoto T. Cellulitis-like skin necrosis induced by postoperative local interferon-β injection for malignant melanoma on the buttock. J Dermatol 2014; 41:364-5. [PMID: 24690105 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Mori
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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14
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Reynolds JA, Ray DW, Zeef LAH, O'Neill T, Bruce IN, Alexander MY. The effect of type 1 IFN on human aortic endothelial cell function in vitro: relevance to systemic lupus erythematosus. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2014; 34:404-12. [PMID: 24444308 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The etiopathogenesis of premature CVD is not fully understood, but recently interferon-alpha (IFNα) has been implicated as a contributing factor. Since IFNα has been associated with both disease activity and endothelial dysfunction in lupus patients, we aimed to determine whether IFNα has direct effects on human aortic endothelial cell (HAoEC) function in vitro. We studied the function of IFNα2b-treated HAoECs in terms of cell proliferation, capillary-like network formation, and nitric oxide (NO) generation. Changes in gene expression were also analyzed using an exon gene array. IFNα2b regulated the expression of 198 genes, including recognized interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Gene ontology analysis showed over-representation of genes involved in antigen presentation and host response to virus but no significant changes in clusters of genes recognized as important in endothelial cell activation or dysfunction. HAoEC proliferation, tubule formation, and NO bioavailability were unchanged, suggesting that IFNα in isolation does not have a direct impact on aortic endothelial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Reynolds
- 1 Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
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15
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van Koetsveld PM, Vitale G, Feelders RA, Waaijers M, Sprij-Mooij DM, de Krijger RR, Speel EJM, Hofland J, Lamberts SWJ, de Herder WW, Hofland LJ. Interferon-β is a potent inhibitor of cell growth and cortisol production in vitro and sensitizes human adrenocortical carcinoma cells to mitotane. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013; 20:443-54. [PMID: 23507702 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive tumor with very poor prognosis. Novel medical treatment opportunities are required. We investigated the effects of interferon-β (IFN-β), alone or in combination with mitotane, on cell growth and cortisol secretion in primary cultures of 13 human ACCs, three adrenal hyperplasias, three adrenal adenomas, and in two ACC cell lines. Moreover, the interrelationship between the effects of IGF2 and IFN-β was evaluated. Mitotane inhibited cell total DNA content/well (representing cell number) in 7/11 (IC50: 38±9.2 μM) and cortisol secretion in 5/5 ACC cultures (IC50: 4.5±0.1 μM). IFN-β reduced cell number in 10/11 (IC50: 83±18 IU/ml) and cortisol secretion in 5/5 ACC cultures (IC50: 7.3±1.5 IU/ml). The effect of IFN-β on cell number included the induction of apoptosis. IFN-β strongly inhibited mRNA expression of STAR, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP11B1. Mitotane and IFN-β induced an additive inhibitory effect on cell number and cortisol secretion. IGF2 (10 nM) inhibited apoptosis and increased cell number and cortisol secretion. These effects were counteracted by IFN-β treatment. Finally, IFN-β inhibited IGF2 secretion and mRNA expression. In conclusion, IFN-β is a potent inhibitor of ACC cell growth in human primary ACC cultures, partially mediated by an inhibition of the effects of IGF2, as well as its production. The increased sensitivity of ACC cells to mitotane induced by treatment with IFN-β may open the opportunity for combined treatment regimens with lower mitotane doses. The inhibition of the expression of steroidogenic enzymes by IFN-β is a novel mechanism that may explain its inhibitory effect on cortisol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M van Koetsveld
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Singh M, Patel RC. Increased interaction between PACT molecules in response to stress signals is required for PKR activation. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:2754-64. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Monnier J, Lewén S, O'Hara E, Huang K, Tu H, Butcher EC, Zabel BA. Expression, regulation, and function of atypical chemerin receptor CCRL2 on endothelial cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:956-67. [PMID: 22696441 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine (CC motif) receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) binds leukocyte chemoattractant chemerin and can regulate local levels of the attractant, but does not itself support cell migration. In this study, we show that CCRL2 and VCAM-1 are upregulated on cultured human and mouse vascular endothelial cells (EC) and cell lines by proinflammatory stimuli. CCRL2 induction is dependent on NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways, and activated endothelial cells specifically bind chemerin. In vivo, CCRL2 is constitutively expressed at high levels by lung endothelial cells and at lower levels by liver endothelium; and liver but not lung EC respond to systemic LPS injection by further upregulation of the receptor. Plasma levels of total chemerin are elevated in CCRL2(-/-) mice and are significantly enhanced after systemic LPS treatment in CCRL2(-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice. Following acute LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation in vivo, chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1)(+) NK cell recruitment to the airways is significantly impaired in CCRL2(-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice. In vitro, chemerin binding to CCRL2 on endothelial cells triggers robust adhesion of CMKLR1(+) lymphoid cells through an α(4)β(1) integrin/VCAM-1-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, CCRL2 is expressed by EC in a tissue- and activation-dependent fashion, regulates circulating chemerin levels and its bioactivity, and enhances chemerin- and CMKLR1-dependent lymphocyte/EC adhesion in vitro and recruitment to inflamed airways in vivo. Its expression and/or induction on EC by proinflammatory stimuli provide a novel and specific mechanism for the local enrichment of chemerin at inflammatory sites, regulating the recruitment of CMKLR1(+) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Monnier
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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