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Huang S, Zhang W, Xuan S, Si H, Huang D, Ba M, Qi D, Pei X, Lu D, Li Z. Chronic sleep deprivation impairs retinal circadian transcriptome and visual function. Exp Eye Res 2024; 243:109907. [PMID: 38649019 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Sleep loss is common in modern society and is increasingly associated with eye diseases. However, the precise effects of sleep loss on retinal structure and function, particularly on the retinal circadian system, remain largely unexplored. This study investigates these effects using a chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) model in mice. Our investigation reveals that CSD significantly alters the retinal circadian transcriptome, leading to remarkable changes in the temporal patterns of enriched pathways. This perturbation extends to metabolic and immune-related transcriptomes, coupled with an accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the retina. Notably, CSD rhythmically affects the thickness of the ganglion cell complex, along with diurnal shifts in microglial migration and morphology within the retina. Most critically, we observe a marked decrease in both scotopic and photopic retinal function under CSD conditions. These findings underscore the broad impact of sleep deprivation on retinal health, highlighting its role in altering circadian gene expression, metabolism, immune response, and structural integrity. Our study provides new insights into the broader impact of sleep loss on retinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuting Xuan
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Duliurui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengru Ba
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
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Yu L, He R, Wang D, Qi D. Activated Clec4n hi Neutrophils Aggravate Lung Injury in an Endothelial IGFBP7 Dependent Manner. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38574235 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0017oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of endothelial cells in Acute lung injury (ALI) has been widely elaborated, but little is known about the role of different subtypes of endothelial cells in ALI. ALI models were established by lipopolysaccharide. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to identify differential molecules in endothelial subtypes and heterogeneity of lung immune cells. Specific antibodies were used to block IGFBP7 protein, and AAVshIGP7 was used to specifically knock down IGFBP7. Here, we found that Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) was the most differentially expressed molecule in diverse subsets of endothelial cells and that IGFBP7 was strongly associated with inflammatory responses. Elevated IGFBP7 significantly exacerbated barrier dysfunction in ALI, whereas blockade of IGFBP7 partially reversed barrier damage. General capillary cells (gCap) are the primary source of elevated serum IGFBP7 after ALI. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified significantly increased Clec4nhi neutrophils in ALI mice, whereas IGFBP7 knockdown significantly reduced infiltration of Clec4nhi cells and mitigated barrier dysfunction in ALI. In addition, we found that IGFBP7 activated the NFκB signaling axis by promoting phosphorylation and ubiquitination degradation of F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 2 (FBXW2), thereby exacerbating barrier dysfunction in ALI. Taken together, our data indicate that blockade of serum IGFBP7 or IGFBP7 depletion in gCap reversed barrier damage in ALI. Therefore, targeting the IGFBP7 depletion could be a novel strategy for treating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchao Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 585250, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 585250, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 585250, Chongqing, China;
| | - Di Qi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 585250, Chongqing, China
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Qi D, Hu J, Shen J. Few-Shot Object Detection With Self-Supervising and Cooperative Classifier. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 2024; 35:5435-5446. [PMID: 37267139 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2022.3204597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Few-shot object detection (FSOD), which detects novel objects with only a few training instances, has recently attracted more attention. Previous works focus on making the most use of label information of objects. Still, they fail to consider the structural and semantic information of the image itself and solve the misclassification between data-abundant base classes and data-scarce novel classes efficiently. In this article, we propose FSOD with Self-Supervising and Cooperative Classifier ( [Formula: see text]) approach to deal with those concerns. Specifically, we analyze the underlying performance degradation of novel classes in FSOD and discover that false-positive samples are the main reason. By looking into these false-positive samples, we further notice that misclassifying novel classes as base classes are the main cause. Thus, we introduce double RoI heads into the existing Fast-RCNN to learn more specific features for novel classes. We also consider using self-supervised learning (SSL) to learn more structural and semantic information. Finally, we propose a cooperative classifier (CC) with the base-novel regularization to maximize the interclass variance between base and novel classes. In the experiment, [Formula: see text] outperforms all the latest baselines in most cases on PASCAL VOC and COCO.
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Deng W, Yang W, Tang H, Zhang M, Li S, Wu Y, Bu D, Lu C, Li G, Qi D. Dynamics of the surface carbonate system in oil fields with a high concentration of wells on the northwestern South China Sea shelf. Sci Total Environ 2024; 916:170261. [PMID: 38253095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Oil exploitation may pose adverse effects on marine ecosystems, but its impacts on surface carbonate dynamics remain unknown. In a carbonate system with low air-sea ∆pCO2, such as the South China Sea (SCS), human activities may affect the pCO2 distribution patterns and potentially alter CO2 sink or source at the surface. This study investigates the surface carbonate system in two oil fields, namely the Wenchang Oil Feld and Enping Oil Feld, located on the northwestern SCS (NWSCS) shelf. In Enping Oil Field, although there is a slight increase in surface pCO2 due to probable total alkalinity (TA) consumption from CaCO3 precipitation, strong biological production makes the plume water a strong CO2 sink. Similarly, the biological processes dominated the pCO2 variability in Wenchang Oil Feld, exhibiting high values in its central area. In NWSCS, the influence of shelf water was observed during both cruises. And the pCO2 drawdown caused by the decreased sea surface temperature (SST) and CO2 outgassing outweighed their increases via enhanced vertical mixing, leading to a pCO2 drawdown from September to October within this water mass. More importantly, there were no significant disparities observed in carbonate parameters at stations along transects with and without wells, and the observed parameter values in this study fell within the range reported previously on the nSCS shelf with similar controlling processes. Thus the impact of oil exploitation on carbonate dynamics is negligible, and the characteristics of the carbonate system in oil field are primarily governed by natural processes such as the mixing of plume water and basin water, CaCO3 precipitation and the changes in SST. The provided data establish a crucial baseline for detecting future alterations in carbonate chemistry within oil fields, and the rapid fluctuations in sea surface pCO2 highlight the need for higher spatiotemporal resolution observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Nansha Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Hainan, China; South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Nansha Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Hainan, China; Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Nansha Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Hainan, China; South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Minxia Zhang
- China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute, Beijing 10028, China
| | - Shengyong Li
- Nansha Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Hainan, China; South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yingxu Wu
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dezhi Bu
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuqian Lu
- Nansha Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Hainan, China; South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| | - Guozhao Li
- Real Estate Registration Center of Longyan, Fujian Province, China
| | - Di Qi
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.
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Wu Y, Qi D. The controversial Southern Ocean air-sea CO 2 flux in the era of autonomous ocean observations. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2519-2522. [PMID: 37739840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxu Wu
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Di Qi
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
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Zhu S, Hu Y, Qi D, Qin N, Chi X, Luo J, Wu J, Huang H, Wu Q, Yu L, Ni S, Hamilton K, Tse S. Single-session intervention on growth mindset on negative emotions for university student mental health (U-SIGMA): a protocol of two-armed randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:713. [PMID: 37940965 PMCID: PMC10631141 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The university years are a developmentally crucial phase and a peak period for the onset of mental disorders. The beliefs about the changeability of negative emotion may play an important role in help-seeking. The brief digital growth mindset intervention is potentially scalable and acceptable to enhance adaptive coping and help-seeking for mental health needs in university students. We adapted the Single-session Intervention on Growth Mindset for adolescents (SIGMA) to be applied in university students (U-SIGMA). This protocol introduces a two-armed waitlist randomized controlled trial study to examine the effectiveness and acceptability of U-SIGMA in promoting help-seeking among university students in the Greater Bay Area. METHODS University students (N = 250, ages 18-25) from universities in the Greater Bay Area will be randomized to either the brief digital growth mindset intervention group or the waitlist control group. Participants will report on the mindsets of negative emotions, perceived control over anxiety, attitude toward help-seeking, physical activity, hopelessness, psychological well-being, depression, anxiety, and perceived stress at baseline and the 2-week and 8-week follow-ups through web-based surveys. A 30-min digital intervention will be implemented in the intervention group, with a pre- and post-intervention survey collecting intervention feedback, while the control group will receive the link for intervention after 8 weeks. DISCUSSION This protocol introduces the implementation plan of U-SIMGA in multi-cities of the Greater Bay Area. The findings are expected to help provide pioneer evidence for the effectiveness and acceptability of the brief digital intervention for university students in the Chinese context and beyond and contribute to the development of accessible and effective prevention and early intervention for university students' mental health. TRIAL REGISTRATION HKU Clinical Trials Registry: HKUCTR-3012; Registered 14 April 2023. http://www.hkuctr.com/Study/Show/7a3ffbc0e03f4d1eac0525450fc5187e .
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Zhu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Mental Health Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yuxi Hu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nan Qin
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance & Economics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinli Chi
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiawen Luo
- Mental Health Education Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Mental Health Education Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Faculty of Education, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Qiaobing Wu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shiguang Ni
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, QLD, Australia
| | - Samson Tse
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Qi D, De S. Split & Join: An Efficient Approach for Simulating Stapled Intestinal Anastomosis in Virtual Reality. Comput Animat Virtual Worlds 2023; 34:e2151. [PMID: 38283985 PMCID: PMC10815938 DOI: 10.1002/cav.2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a life-threatening disease. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Stapled anastomosis is a rapid treatment for colorectal cancer and other intestinal diseases and has become an integral part of routine surgical practice. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no existing work simulating intestinal anastomosis that often involves sophisticated soft tissue manipulations such as cutting and stitching. In this paper, for the first time, we propose a novel split and join approach to simulate a side-to-side stapled intestinal anastomosis in virtual reality. We mimic the intestine model using a new hybrid representation - a grid-linked particles model for physics simulation and a surface mesh for rendering. The proposed split and join operations handle the updates of both the grid-linked particles model and the surface mesh during the anastomosis procedure. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in simulating intestine models and the side-to-side anastomosis operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Dale E. and Sara Ann Fowler School of Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Suvranu De
- College of Engineering, Florida A&M University - Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Mora J, Pompa I, Qi D, Gold B, Barbesino N, Benson O, Badusi PO, Bhagwat MS, Wo JY, Zietman AL, Efstathiou JA, Miyamoto DT, Kamran SC. Radiation-Associated Lymphopenia in Advanced Prostate Cancer Treated with Contemporary Radiation Techniques. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e419. [PMID: 37785380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Lymphocytes play a critical role in the immune system as primary effector cells for cancer control, often depleted by external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Radiation-associated lymphopenia (RAL) has been shown to be a poor prognostic factor in the management of multiple solid tumors. We hypothesize RAL is similarly observed in advanced prostate cancer (PC) RT with contemporary techniques. MATERIALS/METHODS We identified patients with advanced PC (high-risk or clinical/pathologic node-positive) receiving EBRT including lymph node/prostatic lesion boost on a prospective collection protocol for whom 1 baseline and ≥2 subsequent complete blood count (CBC) with differential samples were available, collected at RT end, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-RT. Clinicopathological characteristics were retrieved from chart review. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE)v5 was used to grade absolute lymphocyte count (ALC); RAL was defined as CTCAEv5 grade ≥2. As these patients received pelvic nodal irradiation, they were pooled with low/intermediate-risk PC cohort treated with high dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy or prostate alone EBRT with similar CBC timepoints for univariable analysis to understand RT field size effect on RAL. RESULTS Between 2019 and 2022, among 17 patients in the low/intermediate-risk PC cohort, 6 patients had grade ≥2 lymphopenia. Among 25 patients in the advanced PC cohort, all received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), 6 received lymph node boost, and 5 received prostatic lesion boost. At RT end, leukopenia was prominently observed (median nadir count 75.1% of baseline), with ALC as major driver (median nadir count 27.3% of baseline). Grade ≥2 lymphopenia was observed in 76% of patients (n = 19) Of 19 advanced PC patients who reached 6 months post-RT follow-up, median ALC was 53.0% of baseline, and Grade ≥2 lymphopenia remained in 37% (n = 7) of patients. Of 8 advanced PC patients who reached 12 months post-RT follow-up, median ALC was 55.6% of baseline. When evaluating whether RT dose or field size contributed to lower nadir ALC counts, combining the low/intermediate-risk and advanced PC cohorts (n = 42), univariable analysis demonstrated Gleason grade group (p = 0.009), RT field size (p = 0.020), ADT use (p = 0.020), baseline ALC (p = 0.037), and baseline hemoglobin (p = 0.009) were independent predictors of Grade ≥2 lymphopenia. Age, prostatic lesion/lymph node boost, and equivalent dose in 2 Gy/fraction (EQD2) were nonsignificant. CONCLUSION Grade ≥2 RAL was observed in patients with advanced PC at end of RT, irrespective of age, RT boost, or EQD2. Lymphocyte recovery from baseline can be prolonged even at 12 months post-RT. Ongoing analyses include expanding data with additional serial CBC, increasing cohort size, and integrating effect of additional systemic therapies. RAL has downstream implications for future chemotherapy/radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mora
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, MA
| | - I Pompa
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - D Qi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - B Gold
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - O Benson
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - P O Badusi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - J Y Wo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - A L Zietman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J A Efstathiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - D T Miyamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - S C Kamran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Qi D, Liu JG. High-order moment closure models with random batch method for efficient computation of multiscale turbulent systems. Chaos 2023; 33:103133. [PMID: 37871000 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
We propose a high-order stochastic-statistical moment closure model for efficient ensemble prediction of leading-order statistical moments and probability density functions in multiscale complex turbulent systems. The statistical moment equations are closed by a precise calibration of the high-order feedbacks using ensemble solutions of the consistent stochastic equations, suitable for modeling complex phenomena including non-Gaussian statistics and extreme events. To address challenges associated with closely coupled spatiotemporal scales in turbulent states and expensive large ensemble simulation for high-dimensional systems, we introduce efficient computational strategies using the random batch method (RBM). This approach significantly reduces the required ensemble size while accurately capturing essential high-order structures. Only a small batch of small-scale fluctuation modes is used for each time update of the samples, and exact convergence to the full model statistics is ensured through frequent resampling of the batches during time evolution. Furthermore, we develop a reduced-order model to handle systems with really high dimensions by linking the large number of small-scale fluctuation modes to ensemble samples of dominant leading modes. The effectiveness of the proposed models is validated by numerical experiments on the one-layer and two-layer Lorenz '96 systems, which exhibit representative chaotic features and various statistical regimes. The full and reduced-order RBM models demonstrate uniformly high skill in capturing the time evolution of crucial leading-order statistics, non-Gaussian probability distributions, while achieving significantly lower computational cost compared to direct Monte-Carlo approaches. The models provide effective tools for a wide range of real-world applications in prediction, uncertainty quantification, and data assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, 150 North University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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Qi D, Guan X, Cheng Y, Chan CK. Peak-tracking BOTDA with dynamic ternary search. Opt Express 2023; 31:31946-31954. [PMID: 37859008 DOI: 10.1364/oe.500886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
We propose a peak-tracking BOTDA (PT-BOTDA) equipped with an efficient dynamic Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) searching scheme based on ternary search. The proposed scheme establishes a feedback loop between the selected frequency and the corresponding Brillouin gain to reduce the required number of scanning frequencies in one measurement. We also demonstrate the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme under scenarios with different searching granularities and dynamic sensing ranges. Experimental results indicate that in all situations, the proposed PT-BOTDA can achieve at least 85% and 97% reduction in the number of scanning frequencies for 1-MHz and 0.1-MHz frequency steps, respectively, with a 3-meter spatial resolution, while maintaining a convincing BFS searching accuracy under sufficient SNR condition using a smaller searching interval.
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Liu J, Si H, Huang D, Lu D, Zou S, Qi D, Pei X, Huang S, Li Z. Mechanisms of Extraorbital Lacrimal Gland Aging in Mice: An Integrative Analysis of the Temporal Transcriptome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:18. [PMID: 37695604 PMCID: PMC10501490 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.12.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study used high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and bioinformatics analysis to investigate the altered transcriptome profile of aging lacrimal glands in mice that occurs over the course of a 24-hour cycle. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice aged 12 weeks (young) and 20 months (aging) were housed in a pathogen-free setting with a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle. Throughout a 24-hour cycle, mouse extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) were collected at eight time points at three-hour intervals. To prepare for the high-throughput RNA-Seq, whole mRNA was extracted. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the young and aging groups were subjected to bioinformatic analysis based on diurnal patterns. Furthermore, the cell populations in which significant DEGs express and signaling pathways occur were validated at the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) level. Results The total transcriptome composition was significantly altered in aging ELGs compared with that in young mouse ELGs at eight time points during the 24-hour cycle, with 864 upregulated and 228 downregulated DEGs, which were primarily enriched in inflammatory pathways. Further comparative analysis of the point-to-point transcriptome revealed that aging ELGs underwent alterations in the temporal transcriptome profile in several pathways, including the inflammation-related, metabolism-related, mitochondrial bioenergetic function-associated, synaptome neural activity-associated, cell processes-associated, DNA processing-associated and fibrosis-associated pathways. Most of these pathways occurred separately in distinct cell populations. Conclusions Transcriptome profiles of aging lacrimal glands undergo considerable diurnal time-dependent changes; this finding offers a comprehensive source of information to better understand the pathophysiology of lacrimal gland aging and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangman Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Duliurui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
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Qi D, Zou S, Lu D, Pei X, Huang S, Huang DL, Liu J, Si H, Li Z. Long-term high fructose intake promotes lacrimal gland dysfunction by inducing gut dysbiosis in mice. Exp Eye Res 2023; 234:109573. [PMID: 37442219 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The lacrimal gland is essential for maintaining ocular surface health through the secretion of the aqueous layer of the tear film. It is therefore important to explore the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect the structure and function of the lacrimal gland and the mechanisms underlying them. With the prevalence of Westernized diets characterized by high sugar and fat content, the susceptibility to many diseases, including ocular diseases, is increased by inducing dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. Here, we found that the composition, abundance, and diversity of the gut microbiome was significantly altered in mice by drinking 15% high fructose water for one month, as determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. This was accompanied by a significant increase in lipid deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in the extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) of mice. Transcriptome analysis based on bulk RNA-sequencing revealed abnormal activation of some of several metabolic and immune-related pathways. In addition, the secretory response to stimulation with the cholinergic receptor agonist pilocarpine was significantly reduced. However, when the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome of high fructose intake (HFI)-treated mice were improved by transplanting feces from normal young healthy mice, the pathological alterations in ELG structure, inflammatory cell infiltration, secretory function and transcriptome analysis described above were significantly reversed compared to age-matched control mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that prolonged HFI may cause pathological damage to the structure and function of the ELG through the induction of gut dysbiosis. Restoration of intestinal dysbiosis in HFI-treated mice by fecal transplantation has a potential role in ameliorating these pathological impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Du-Liurui Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Jiangman Liu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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Zhuang Y, Li Y, Chen L, Jin H, Qi D, Chen J. Biogeochemical and physical controls on ammonium accumulation on the Chukchi shelf, western Arctic Ocean. Mar Environ Res 2023; 190:106084. [PMID: 37429214 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Spatial variability of ammonium concentrations along repeat transects were examined on the Chukchi shelf during 2012-2018. Two distinct near-bottom high ammonium pools (>1 μmol/kg) near 67.5°N and 72.5°N of the transects were identified in all years. The accumulation of ammonium in the regions is driven primarily by a combination of biogeochemical processes (e.g., dynamic bacterial remineralization of organic matter) and physical controls (e.g., strong density-contrast barrier limits upward mixing of ammonium). The ammonium pool on the shelf may became larger in the expectation of the stronger bacterial remineralization following elevate primary production, and may have potential impact on the structure and productivity of ecosystem on the Chukchi shelf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpei Zhuang
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yangjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Di Qi
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
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14
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Cai X, Zhuang Y, Wu Y, Lin H, Qi D. Concentrations and controls of dissolved inorganic carbon in Arctic summer sea ice and adjacent surface seawaters. Mar Environ Res 2023; 190:106083. [PMID: 37422995 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The carbonate chemistry of sea ice plays a critical role in global ocean carbon cycles, particularly in polar regions which are subject to significant climate change-induced sea ice variation. However, less is known about the interaction of carbonate system between sea ice and its adjacent seawaters due to sparse sampling and disparities in reported results. Here we provide an insight into this issue by collecting and measuring dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and associated environmental parameters in Arctic sea ice during a cruise in the summer of 2014. Our observations show that DIC in Arctic summer sea ice has a mean concentration of 463.3 ± 213.0 μmol/kg and appears to be controlled mainly by the fraction of brine water in the ice. The low Chl a and nutrients content in sea ice indicate minor contribution of biological uptake to sea-ice DIC in the western Arctic Ocean. The DIC concentration in surface water (<100 m depth) decreased from a mean of 2108.3 ± 45.4 μmol/kg in 1994 to a mean of 2052.4 ± 98.6 μmol/kg in 2014, due to the enhanced sea ice melting that dilutes the DIC concentrations of surrounding seawaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Cai
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yanpei Zhuang
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yingxu Wu
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Hongmei Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Di Qi
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
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15
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Pei X, Qi D, Liu J, Si H, Huang S, Zou S, Lu D, Li Z. Screening marker genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus in mouse lacrimal gland by LASSO regression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6862. [PMID: 37100872 PMCID: PMC10133337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative deficiency of insulin. This study aims to screen T2DM-related maker genes in the mouse extraorbital lacrimal gland (ELG) by LASSO regression.C57BLKS/J strain with leptin db/db homozygous mice (T2DM, n = 20) and wild-type mice (WT, n = 20) were used to collect data. The ELGs were collected for RNA sequencing. LASSO regression was conducted to screen marker genes with the training set. Five genes were selected from 689 differentially expressed genes by LASSO regression, including Synm, Elovl6, Glcci1, Tnks and Ptprt. Expression of Synm was downregulated in ELGs of T2DM mice. Elovl6, Glcci1, Tnks, and Ptprt were upregulated in T2DM mice. Area under receiver operating curve of the LASSO model was 1.000(1.000-1.000) and 0.980(0.929-1.000) in the training set and the test set, respectively. The C-index and the robust C-index of the LASSO model were 1.000 and 0.999, respectively, in the training set, and 1.000 and 0.978, respectively, in the test set. In the lacrimal gland of db/db mice, Synm, Elovl6, Glcci1, Tnks and Ptprt can be used as marker genes of T2DM. Abnormal expression of marker genes is related to lacrimal gland atrophy and dry eye in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiangman Liu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou City, 450003, Henan Province, China.
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16
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Zou S, Liu J, Si H, Huang D, Qi D, Pei X, Lu D, Huang S, Li Z. High-fat intake reshapes the circadian transcriptome profile and metabolism in murine meibomian glands. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1146916. [PMID: 37006922 PMCID: PMC10062204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1146916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNutritional and food components reshape the peripheral clock and metabolism. However, whether food challenges affect the circadian clock and metabolism of meibomian glands (MGs) has not been fully explored. This study was designed to analyze alterations in the rhythmic transcriptome and metabolism of MGs of murine fed a balanced diet or a high-fat diet (HFD).MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were maintained on a 12/12 h light/dark cycle and fed ad libitum on normal chow (NC) or HFD for 4 weeks. MGs were collected from sacrificed animals at 3-h intervals throughout a 24-h circadian cycle. The circadian transcriptome of MGs was analyzed via bioinformatics approaches using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). In addition, circadian oscillations of lipid components in MGs were analyzed.ResultsMeibomian glands displayed robust transcriptome rhythmicity. HFD feeding significantly altered the circadian transcriptome profile of MGs—including composition and phase—and spatiotemporally affected the enriched signaling pathways. In addition, HFD feeding significantly altered the normal rhythmic oscillations of lipid components in MGs.ConclusionOur data show that HFD significantly affects MGs’ rhythmicity, which reveals a high sensitivity of MGs’ clocks to lipid composition in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiangman Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Department of Ophthalmology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Duliurui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhijie Li, ,
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17
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Chen X, Qi D, Fan S, He Y, Jing H, Wang D. Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) inhibits lung endothelial regeneration following inflammation-induced acute lung injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:367-383. [PMID: 36857175 PMCID: PMC10011169 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a respiratory condition caused by severe endothelial barrier dysfunction within the lung. In ARDS, excessive inflammation, tissue edema, and immune cell influx prevents endothelial cell regeneration that is crucial in repairing the endothelial barrier. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism that underpin endothelial cell regeneration in ARDS. METHODS R-based bioinformatics tools were used to analyze microarray-derived transcription profiles in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) subjected to non-treatment or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. We generated endothelial cell-specific interferon regulatory factor 1 (Irf1) knockout (Irf1EC-/-) and Irf1fl/fl control mice for use in an endotoxemic murine model of acute lung injury (ALI). In vitro studies (qPCR, immunoblotting, and ChIP-qPCR) were conducted in mouse lung endothelial cells (MLECs) and HLMVECs. Dual-luciferase promoter reporter assays were performed in HLMVECs. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses identified IRF1 as a key up-regulated gene in HLMVECs post-LPS exposure. Endothelial-specific knockout of Irf1 in ALI mice resulted in enhanced regeneration of lung endothelium, while liposomal delivery of endothelial-specific Irf1 to wild-type ALI mice inhibited lung endothelial regeneration in a leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif)-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that LPS-induced Stat1Ser727 phosphorylation promotes Irf1 transactivation, resulting in downstream up-regulation of Lif that inhibits endothelial cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the existence of a p-Stat1Ser727-Irf1-Lif axis that inhibits lung endothelial cell regeneration post-LPS injury. Thus, direct inhibition of IRF1 or LIF may be a promising strategy for enhancing endothelial cell regeneration and improving clinical outcomes in ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Xiaorui Chen () or Daoxin Wang ()
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shulei Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yirui He
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hekun Jing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Xiaorui Chen () or Daoxin Wang ()
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18
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Qi D, Zhang X, Wang X, Liu X, Zhang Z, Shi L, Zhang G. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Iminoarylation of Oxime Ester-Tethered Alkenes: Rapid Entrance to Diverse Functionalized Pyrrolines. Org Lett 2023; 25:1126-1130. [PMID: 36763011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a general and practical iminoarylation of alkenes by nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of unsaturated oxime esters with readily available aryl halides, providing an expedient approach for constructing pyrroline derivatives. The absence of organometallic reagents enables the reaction to occur under mild conditions with a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, other C-based electrophiles, including alkenyl, alkynyl and alkyl halides, or pseudohalides, were also competent substrates for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xingjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiaopan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Qi D, Liu JG. A random batch method for efficient ensemble forecasts of multiscale turbulent systems. Chaos 2023; 33:023113. [PMID: 36859236 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A new efficient ensemble prediction strategy is developed for a multiscale turbulent model framework with emphasis on the nonlinear interactions between large and small-scale variables. The high computational cost in running large ensemble simulations of high-dimensional equations is effectively avoided by adopting a random batch decomposition of the wide spectrum of the fluctuation states, which is a characteristic feature of the multiscale turbulent systems. The time update of each ensemble sample is then only subject to a small portion of the small-scale fluctuation modes in one batch, while the true model dynamics with multiscale coupling is respected by frequent random resampling of the batches at each time updating step. We investigate both theoretical and numerical properties of the proposed method. First, the convergence of statistical errors in the random batch model approximation is shown rigorously independent of the sample size and full dimension of the system. Next, the forecast skill of the computational algorithm is tested on two representative models of turbulent flows exhibiting many key statistical phenomena with a direct link to realistic turbulent systems. The random batch method displays robust performance in capturing a series of crucial statistical features with general interests, including highly non-Gaussian fat-tailed probability distributions and intermittent bursts of instability, while requires a much lower computational cost than the direct ensemble approach. The efficient random batch method also facilitates the development of new strategies in uncertainty quantification and data assimilation for a wide variety of general complex turbulent systems in science and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, 150 North University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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20
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Dong AQ, Yang YP, Jiang SM, Yao XY, Qi D, Mao CJ, Cheng XY, Wang F, Hu LF, Liu CF. Pramipexole inhibits astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome activation via Drd3-dependent autophagy in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:32-43. [PMID: 35896696 PMCID: PMC9813225 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the pathogenic processes in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole (PPX) is extensively used for PD treatment in clinics. A number of studies show that PPX exerts neuroprotection on dopaminergic (DA) neurons, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of PPX on DA neurons are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated whether PPX modulated PD-related neuroinflammation and underlying mechanisms. PD model was established in mice by bilateral striatum injection of lipopolyssaccharide (LPS). The mice were administered PPX (0.5 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p.) 3 days before LPS injection, and for 3 or 21 days after surgery, respectively, for biochemical and histological analyses. We showed that PPX administration significantly alleviated the loss of DA neurons, and suppressed the astrocyte activation and levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the substantia nigra of LPS-injected mice. Furthermore, PPX administration significantly decreased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins, i.e., cleaved forms of caspase-1, IL-1β, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruit domain (ASC) in the striatum. These results were validated in LPS+ATP-stimulated primary mouse astrocytes in vitro. Remarkably, we showed that PPX (100-400 μM) dose-dependently enhanced the autophagy activity in the astrocytes evidenced by the elevations in LC3-II and BECN1 protein expression, as well as the increase of GFP-LC3 puncta formation. The opposite effects of PPX on astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy were eliminated by Drd3 depletion. Moreover, we demonstrated that both pretreatment of astrocytes with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (40 μM) in vitro and astrocyte-specific Atg5 knockdown in vivo blocked PPX-caused inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome and protection against DA neuron damage. Altogether, this study demonstrates an anti-neuroinflammatory activity of PPX via a Drd3-dependent enhancement of autophagy activity in astrocytes, and reveals a new mechanism for the beneficial effect of PPX in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-qi Dong
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Ya-ping Yang
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China
| | - Shu-min Jiang
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Xiao-yu Yao
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Di Qi
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Cheng-jie Mao
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China
| | - Xiao-yu Cheng
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China
| | - Fen Wang
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Li-fang Hu
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Chun-feng Liu
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China ,grid.512482.8Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 China
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21
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Zhao CY, Wang MX, Qi D, Jiang JM. Comparative study on the numerical reproduction of falling film hydrodynamics based on different surface tension models. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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22
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Kyriakos CN, Qi D, Chang K, Laverty AA, Filippidis FT. Global market trends of flavour capsule and menthol cigarettes in 78 countries, 2010-2020. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Flavoured tobacco products, including innovative flavour capsule cigarettes (FCCs) and menthol cigarettes, can increase appeal and encourage smoking initiation and use. Global epidemiological data on these products are scarce.
Methods
This study examined market trends of FCCs and menthol (non-capsule) cigarettes across 78 countries from 2010 to 2020 and assessed ecological-level factors associated with market shares of these products. Market share and retail volume data came from Euromonitor Passport and country-specific sociodemographic data come from the WHO and World Bank. Adjusted linear fixed effects panel regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between predictors variables and market outcomes.
Results
Global total retail volume of FCCs increased over time (0.2% in 2010 to 4.5% in 2020) and market share was associated with year and unemployment rate and inversely associated with % urban population and smoking prevalence (p < 0.001). In contrast, menthol retail volume decreased over time (5.0% to 3.8%) and market share was associated with % urban population (p = 0.001) and inversely associated with year (p = 0.004) and unemployment rate (p = 0.017). The greatest market increase of FCCs was observed in the Americas region and among upper-middle income countries. In Europe, there was a decrease of 0.64 percentage points from 2019 to 2020.
Conclusions
Overall, FCCs experienced substantial global growth in the recent decade, with the exception of Europe whose slight decrease may be attributable to the European Union ban on flavours in cigarettes. Findings indicate that there is a need for increased efforts to address flavours and innovative features used in tobacco products, which are known to appeal to youth.
Key messages
• This study contributes to global monitoring of tobacco products.
• Findings can be used by advocates and policy makers to support countries in adopting measures to ban flavoured tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- CN Kyriakos
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - D Qi
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - K Chang
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - AA Laverty
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - FT Filippidis
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London, UK
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23
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Qi D, Ouyang Z, Chen L, Wu Y, Lei R, Chen B, Feely RA, Anderson LG, Zhong W, Lin H, Polukhin A, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Bi H, Lin X, Luo Y, Zhuang Y, He J, Chen J, Cai WJ. Climate change drives rapid decadal acidification in the Arctic Ocean from 1994 to 2020. Science 2022; 377:1544-1550. [PMID: 36173841 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Arctic Ocean has experienced rapid warming and sea ice loss in recent decades, becoming the first open-ocean basin to experience widespread aragonite undersaturation [saturation state of aragonite (Ωarag) < 1]. However, its trend toward long-term ocean acidification and the underlying mechanisms remain undocumented. Here, we report rapid acidification there, with rates three to four times higher than in other ocean basins, and attribute it to changing sea ice coverage on a decadal time scale. Sea ice melt exposes seawater to the atmosphere and promotes rapid uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide, lowering its alkalinity and buffer capacity and thus leading to sharp declines in pH and Ωarag. We predict a further decrease in pH, particularly at higher latitudes where sea ice retreat is active, whereas Arctic warming may counteract decreases in Ωarag in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.,Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhangxian Ouyang
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Liqi Chen
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.,Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yingxu Wu
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ruibo Lei
- Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Baoshan Chen
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Richard A Feely
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leif G Anderson
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wenli Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmei Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Alexander Polukhin
- P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yixing Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haibo Bi
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinyu Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiming Luo
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanpei Zhuang
- Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Jianfang Chen
- Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Wei-Jun Cai
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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24
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Shao R, Gao M, Lin C, Huang CM, Liu HL, Toh CH, Wu C, Tsai YF, Qi D, Lee SH, Lee TMC. Multimodal Neural Evidence on the Corticostriatal Underpinning of Suicidality in Late-Life Depression. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2022; 7:905-915. [PMID: 34861420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidality involves thoughts (ideations and plans) and actions related to self-inflicted death. To improve management and prevention of suicidality, it is essential to understand the key neural mechanisms underlying suicidal thoughts and actions. Following empirically informed neural framework, we hypothesized that suicidal thoughts would be primarily characterized by alterations in the default mode network indicating disrupted self-related processing, whereas suicidal actions would be characterized by changes in the lateral prefrontal corticostriatal circuitries implicating compromised action control. METHODS We analyzed the gray matter volume and resting-state functional connectivity of 113 individuals with late-life depression, including 45 nonsuicidal patients, 33 with suicidal thoughts but no action, and 35 with past suicidal action. Between-group analyses revealed key neural features associated with suicidality. The functional directionality of the identified resting-state functional connectivity was examined using dynamic causal modeling to further elucidate its mechanistic nature. Post hoc classification analysis examined the contribution of the neural measures to suicide classification. RESULTS As expected, reduced gray matter volumes in the default mode network and lateral prefrontal regions characterized patients with suicidal thoughts and those with past suicidal actions compared with nonsuicidal patients. Furthermore, region-of-interest analyses revealed that the directionality and strength of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex-caudate resting-state functional connectivity were related to suicidal thoughts and actions. The neural features significantly improved classification of suicidal thoughts and actions over that based on clinical and suicide questionnaire variables. CONCLUSIONS Gray matter reductions in the default mode network and lateral prefrontal regions and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex-caudate connectivity alterations characterized suicidal thoughts and actions in patients with late-life depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology & Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mengxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology & Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chemin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ling Liu
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cheng-Hong Toh
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Changwei Wu
- Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fang Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Di Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology & Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shwu-Hua Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology & Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China.
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25
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Qi D, Ali A, Li T, Chen YC, Tan J. An empirical analysis of the impact of higher education on economic growth: The case of China. Front Psychol 2022; 13:959026. [PMID: 36059744 PMCID: PMC9435527 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
China's domestic labor market has limited demand for tertiary graduates due to an unbalanced industrial structure, with a weak contribution to economic performance over the past decade. This study estimates the asymmetric effects of higher education progress (highly educated employed workforce), higher education utilization (highly educated unemployed workforce), and the separate effects of higher education utilization interactions with high-tech industries on economic growth in China from 1980 to 2020. Using a Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model, this study finds that the expansion of higher education progress (the employed workforce with higher education) promotes economic growth, while contraction of higher education progress (employed workforce with higher education) reduces economic growth. Likewise, an increase in higher education utilization (the unemployed labor force with higher education) suppresses economic growth, while a decline in the higher education utilization (the unemployed labor force with higher education) promotes economic growth. The study also found that the expansion of high-tech industries and government spending on education significantly stimulate economic growth. The moderating role of higher education utilization (unemployed labor force with higher education) in the impact of high-tech industries on economic growth is significantly positive. This study strategically proposes that China's higher-educated unemployed labor force can be adjusted to high-tech industries, which need to be developed equally in all regions. Moreover, the country is required to invest more in higher education and the development of high technological industries across all regions, thus may lead to higher economic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Institute of Quality Development Strategy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Arshad Ali
- Department of Economics and Finance, Greenwich University, Karachi, Pakistan
- School of Economics, Northeast Agricultural University (NEAU), Harbin, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Foreign Languages and Preschool Education, Beijing Institute of Economics and Management, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Chun Chen
- Business School, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiachao Tan
- The School of Marxism, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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26
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Qi D, Harlim J. Machine learning-based statistical closure models for turbulent dynamical systems. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2022; 380:20210205. [PMID: 35719064 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We propose a machine learning (ML) non-Markovian closure modelling framework for accurate predictions of statistical responses of turbulent dynamical systems subjected to external forcings. One of the difficulties in this statistical closure problem is the lack of training data, which is a configuration that is not desirable in supervised learning with neural network models. In this study with the 40-dimensional Lorenz-96 model, the shortage of data is due to the stationarity of the statistics beyond the decorrelation time. Thus, the only informative content in the training data is from the short-time transient statistics. We adopt a unified closure framework on various truncation regimes, including and excluding the detailed dynamical equations for the variances. The closure framework employs a Long-Short-Term-Memory architecture to represent the higher-order unresolved statistical feedbacks with a choice of ansatz that accounts for the intrinsic instability yet produces stable long-time predictions. We found that this unified agnostic ML approach performs well under various truncation scenarios. Numerically, it is shown that the ML closure model can accurately predict the long-time statistical responses subjected to various time-dependent external forces that have larger maximum forcing amplitudes and are not in the training dataset. This article is part of the theme issue 'Data-driven prediction in dynamical systems'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - John Harlim
- Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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27
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Ouyang Z, Collins A, Li Y, Qi D, Arrigo KR, Zhuang Y, Nishino S, Humphreys MP, Kosugi N, Murata A, Kirchman DL, Chen L, Chen J, Cai W. Seasonal Water Mass Evolution and Non-Redfield Dynamics Enhance CO 2 Uptake in the Chukchi Sea. J Geophys Res Oceans 2022; 127:e2021JC018326. [PMID: 36589206 PMCID: PMC9787980 DOI: 10.1029/2021jc018326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Chukchi Sea is an increasing CO2 sink driven by rapid climate changes. Understanding the seasonal variation of air-sea CO2 exchange and the underlying mechanisms of biogeochemical dynamics is important for predicting impacts of climate change on and feedbacks by the ocean. Here, we present a unique data set of underway sea surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and discrete samples of biogeochemical properties collected in five consecutive cruises in 2014 and examine the seasonal variations in air-sea CO2 flux and net community production (NCP). We found that thermal and non-thermal effects have different impacts on sea surface pCO2 and thus the air-sea CO2 flux in different water masses. The Bering summer water combined with meltwater has a significantly greater atmospheric CO2 uptake potential than that of the Alaskan Coastal Water in the southern Chukchi Sea in summer, due to stronger biological CO2 removal and a weaker thermal effect. By analyzing the seasonal drawdown of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and nutrients, we found that DIC-based NCP was higher than nitrate-based NCP by 66%-84% and attributable to partially decoupled C and N uptake because of a variable phytoplankton stoichiometry. A box model with a non-Redfield C:N uptake ratio can adequately reproduce observed pCO2 and DIC, which reveals that, during the intensive growing season (late spring to early summer), 30%-46% CO2 uptake in the Chukchi Sea was supported by a flexible stoichiometry of phytoplankton. These findings have important ramification for forecasting the responses of CO2 uptake of the Chukchi ecosystem to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxian Ouyang
- School of Marine Science and PolicyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
| | - Andrew Collins
- School of Marine Science and PolicyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental LaboratorySeattleWAUSA
| | - Yun Li
- School of Marine Science and PolicyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
| | - Di Qi
- Polar and Marine Research InstituteJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine‐Atmospheric Chemistry of Ministry of Natural ResourcesThird Institute of OceanographyMNRXiamenChina
| | - Kevin R. Arrigo
- Department of Earth System ScienceStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | - Yanpei Zhuang
- Polar and Marine Research InstituteJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem DynamicsSecond Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhouChina
| | - Shigeto Nishino
- Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment ResearchJapan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)YokosukaJapan
| | - Matthew P. Humphreys
- Department of Ocean Systems (OCS)NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchTexelThe Netherlands
| | | | - Akihiko Murata
- Global Ocean Observation Research CenterResearch Institute for Global ChangeJapan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)YokosukaJapan
| | - David L. Kirchman
- School of Marine Science and PolicyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
| | - Liqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine‐Atmospheric Chemistry of Ministry of Natural ResourcesThird Institute of OceanographyMNRXiamenChina
| | - Jianfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem DynamicsSecond Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhouChina
| | - Wei‐Jun Cai
- School of Marine Science and PolicyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
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Zhang X, Jiao C, Qi D, Liu X, Zhang Z, Zhang G. Nickel-Catalyzed Deaminative Allenylation of Amino Acid Derivatives: Catalytic Activity Enhanced by an Amide-Type NN 2 Pincer Ligand. Org Lett 2022; 24:5361-5365. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Chenchen Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Di Qi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiaopan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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29
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Peng J, Tang R, Yu Q, Wang D, Qi D. No sex differences in the incidence, risk factors and clinical impact of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:895018. [PMID: 35911764 PMCID: PMC9329949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.895018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSex-stratified medicine is an important aspect of precision medicine. We aimed to compare the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) for critically ill men and women with sepsis. Furthermore, the short-term mortality was compared between men and women with sepsis associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI).MethodThis was a retrospective study based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. We used the multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the independent effect of sex on the incidence of SA-AKI. We further applied three machine learning methods (decision tree, random forest and extreme gradient boosting) to screen for the risk factors associated with SA-AKI in the total, men and women groups. We finally compared the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality between men and women with SA-AKI using propensity score matching.ResultsA total of 6463 patients were included in our study, including 3673 men and 2790 women. The incidence of SA-AKI was 83.8% for men and 82.1% for women. After adjustment for confounders, no significant association was observed between sex and the incidence of SA-AKI (odds ratio (OR), 1.137; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.949-1.361; p=0.163). The machine learning results revealed that body mass index, Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score, diuretic, Acute Physiology Score III and age were the most important risk factors of SA-AKI, irrespective of sex. After propensity score matching, men had similar ICU and hospital mortality to women.ConclusionsThe incidence and associated risk factors of SA-AKI are similar between men and women, and men and women with SA-AKI experience comparable rates of ICU and hospital mortality. Therefore, sex-related effects may play a minor role in developing SA-AKI. Our study helps to contribute to the knowledge gap between sex and SA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Di Qi
- *Correspondence: Daoxin Wang, ; Di Qi,
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30
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Deng W, Qi D, Tang XM, Deng XY, He J, Wang DX. THE WNK4/SPAK PATHWAY STIMULATES ALVEOLAR FLUID CLEARANCE BY UPREGULATION OF EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNEL IN MICE WITH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME. Shock 2022; 58:68-77. [PMID: 35670456 PMCID: PMC9415224 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT With-No lysine Kinases (WNKs) have been newly implicated in alveolar fluid clearance (AFC). Epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) serve a vital role in AFC. The potential protective effect of WNK4 in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), mediated by ENaC-associated AFC was investigated in the study. A model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS was established in C57BL/6 mice. WNK4, Sterile 20-related proline-alanine-rich kinase (SPAK), small interfering RNA (siRNA)-WNK4 or siRNA-SPAK were transfected into mouse lung or primary alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells. AFC, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung histomorphology were determined. The expression of ENaC was determined to investigate the regulation of AFC by WNK4-SPAK signaling pathway. Activation of WNK4-SPAK signaling improved lung injury and survival rate, with enhanced AFC and reduced pulmonary edema via the upregulation of ENaC in ARDS. In primary rat ATII cells, gene-silencing by siRNA transfection reduced ENaC expression and the level of WNK4-associated SPAK phosphorylation. Immunoprecipitation revealed that the level of neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4 (Nedd4-2) binding to ENaC was decreased as a result of WNK4-SPAK signaling. The present study demonstrated that the WNK4/SPAK pathway improved AFC during LPS-induced ARDS, which is mainly dependent on the upregulation of ENaC with Nedd4-2-mediated ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu-Mao Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin-Yu Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Dao-Xin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical Research Center for Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Wong JJ, Wong NML, Chang DHF, Qi D, Chen L, Lee TMC. Amygdala-pons connectivity is hyperactive and associated with symptom severity in depression. Commun Biol 2022; 5:574. [PMID: 35688901 PMCID: PMC9187701 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the neural underpinnings of processing sad information and how it differs in people with depression could elucidate the neural mechanisms perpetuating sad mood in depression. Here, we conduct a 7 T fMRI study to delineate the neural correlates involved only in processing sad information, including pons, amygdala, and corticolimbic regions. We then conduct a 3 T fMRI study to examine the resting-state connectivity in another sample of people with and without depression. Only clinically depressed people demonstrate hyperactive amygdala–pons connectivity. Furthermore, this connectivity is related to depression symptom severity and is a significant indicator of depression. We speculate that visual sad information reinforces depressed mood and stimulates the pons, strengthening the amygdala–pons connectivity. The relationship between this connectivity and depressive symptom severity suggests that guiding one’s visual attention and processing of sad information may benefit mood regulation. A study on patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) suggests that a specific sadness-processing connection between the amygdala and pons appears to be dysfunctional among people with MDD and associated with severity of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jun Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nichol M L Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dorita H F Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Hong Kong, China.
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Huang S, Si H, Liu J, Qi D, Pei X, Lu D, Zou S, Li Z. Sleep Loss Causes Dysfunction in Murine Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:19. [PMID: 35731510 PMCID: PMC9233287 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.6.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sleep loss markedly affects the structure and function of the lacrimal gland and may cause ocular surface disease as a common public health problem. This study aims to investigate the circadian disturbance caused by sleep loss leading to dysfunction of extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs). Methods A mouse sleep deprivation (SD) model for sleep loss studies was built in C57BL/6J male mice. After four weeks, the ELGs were collected at three-hour intervals during a 24-hour period. The Jonckheere-Terpstra-Kendall algorithm was used to determine the composition, phase, and rhythmicity of transcriptomic profiles in ELGs. Furthermore, we compared the non-sleep-deprived and SD-treated mouse ELG (i) reactive oxygen species (ROS) by fluorescein staining, (ii) DNA damage by immunostaining for γ-H2Ax, and (iii) circadian migration of immune cells by immunostaining for CD4, CD8, γδ-TCR, CD64, and CX3CR1. Finally, we also evaluated (i) the locomotor activity and core body temperature rhythm of mice and (ii) the mass, cell size, and tear secretion of the ELGs. Results SD dramatically altered the composition and phase-associated functional enrichment of the circadian transcriptome, immune cell trafficking, metabolism, cell differentiation, and neural secretory activities of mouse ELGs. Additionally, SD caused the ROS accumulation and consequent DNA damage in the ELGs, and the ELG dysfunction caused by SD was irreversible. Conclusions SD damages the structure, function, and diurnal oscillations of ELGs. These results highlight comprehensive characterization of insufficient sleep–affected ELG circadian transcriptome that may provide a new therapeutic approach to counteract the effects of SD on ELG function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiangman Liu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Yu Q, Wang D, Fan S, Tang X, He J, Peng J, Qi D. Protective effects of adipose-derived biogenic nanoparticles on the pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier in mice with ventilator-induced lung injury via the TRPV4/ROCK1 signalling pathway. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2022; 73-74:102123. [PMID: 35306165 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2022.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The "obesity paradox" phenomenon occurs in critically ill patients who receive mechanical ventilation. Our previous studies found that the adipose-derived exosomes secreted by obese mice have a protective effect on the pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier. However, the extraction of exosomes is cumbersome, their yield is low, and their storage is difficult. After further research, we discovered a new type of adipose-derived bioactive material called: lipoaspirate nanoparticles (Lipo-NPs). METHODS Lipo-NPs were extracted and identified using a tangential flow filtration system. The Lipo-NPs were used as an intervention in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) models in vivo and in vitro to investigate whether they have a protective effect on lung tissue damage (haematoxylin and eosin staining), lung barrier function (lung wet/dry [W/D] weight ratio, protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and Vascular endothelial (VE)-expression), as well as their related mechanisms. RESULTS In both in vivo and in vitro studies, Lipo-NPs can attenuate lung injury, reduce lung W/D ratio and protein concentration in BALF, and augment the expression of the adhesion link-protein VE-cadherin, thus playing a protective role in lung barrier function. This protective effect involves the activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4)/Rho-associated kinase1 (ROCK1) signalling pathway. We further verified the role of this signalling pathway via activation and inhibition of TRPV4 and ROCK1. Moreover, phosphorylation of myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) regulates F-actin and is a target of the ROCK pathway. CONCLUSION Lipo-NPs can enhance the expression of VE-cadherin by inhibiting the TRPV4/ROCK1/pMLC2 signalling pathway in the mechanical ventilation model, thereby exerting a protective effect on the VILI pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shulei Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xumao Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junnan Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT The effects of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain largely elusive. Hepcidin, encoded by the HAMP gene, affects inflammation, and iron homeostasis. The present study aimed to investigate whether hepcidin protects against ferroptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS. Our results confirmed that ferroptosis aggravated lung inflammation and damage in LPS-induced ARDS. Hepcidin defended against ferroptosis, with results similar to those of the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Moreover, hepcidin decreased iron uptake, as determined by Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) expression levels, and increased iron storage, based on ferritin heavy chain (FTH) expression. The effects of hepcidin on the A549 cell line were in line with the in vivo results. In addition, we used si-FTH to knock down FTH expression and found that this suppressed the ability of hepcidin to protect against ferroptosis. Collectively, our data suggest that hepcidin inhibits ferroptosis by increasing FTH expression in LPS-induced ARDS; thus, hepcidin may represent a possible treatment targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zou S, Jiao X, Liu J, Qi D, Pei X, Lu D, Huang S, Li Z. High-Fat Nutritional Challenge Reshapes Circadian Signatures in Murine Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:23. [PMID: 35588356 PMCID: PMC9123521 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.5.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A high-fat diet (HFD) increases the risk of developing many systemic diseases; however, the effects of high fat intake on lacrimal gland functions and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. We explored the effects of an HFD on the circadian rhythms of the extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs). Methods Male C57BL/6J mice maintained on a 12/12-hour light/dark cycle were fed an ad libitum HFD or normal chow (NC) for 2 weeks. The ELGs were collected from euthanized animals every 3 hours throughout the circadian cycle (24 hours). Using high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq), we studied the circadian transcriptomic profile of the ELGs. Circadian oscillations in cell size, secretion response, lipid deposition, and immune cell trafficking of the ELGs were also analyzed. Results An HFD modulated the circadian transcriptomic profile of the ELGs, including the composition, phase, and amplitude of cyclical transcript oscillations, and affected the associated signaling pathways at spatiotemporal levels. HFD feeding significantly altered the normal rhythmic oscillations of ELG cell size, immune cell trafficking, secretion response, and lipid deposition. After dietary reversal in HFD-fed animals, the activity, core temperature, and lipid accumulation in lacrimal glands recovered partially to the level of NC-fed animals. However, the average cell size of the ELGs, the recruitment of immune cells, and the rhythm of lacrimal secretion did not return to the levels of the NC-fed group. Conclusions HFD perturbation interferes with the cyclical transcriptomic profile, cell size, immune cell trafficking, and secretion function of the ELGs with a strikingly high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Xinwei Jiao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Jiangman Liu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, China
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Li CL, Han L, Zhai WD, Qi D, Wang XC, Lin HM, Zheng LW. Storage and redistribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the western North Pacific: The role of Subtropical Mode Water transportation. Fundamental Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Truong H, Qi D, Ryason A, Sullivan AM, Cudmore J, Alfred S, Jones SB, Parra JM, De S, Jones DB. Does your team know how to respond safely to an operating room fire? Outcomes of a virtual reality, AI-enhanced simulation training. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:3059-3067. [PMID: 34264400 PMCID: PMC10771129 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08602-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Operating room (OR) fires are rare but devastating events requiring immediate and effective response. Virtual Reality (VR) simulation training can provide a safe environment for practice of skills in such highly stressful situation. This study assessed interprofessional participants' ability to respond to VR-simulated OR fire scenarios, attitudes, numbers of attempt of the VR simulation do participants need to successfully respond to OR fires and does prior experience, confidence level, or professional role predict the number of attempts needed to demonstrate safety and pass the simulation. METHODS 180 surgical team members volunteered to participate in this study at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Each participant completed five VR OR simulation trials; the final two trials incorporated AI assistance. Primary outcomes were performance scores, number of attempts needed to pass, and pre- and post-survey results describing participant confidence and experiences. Differences across professional or training role were assessed using chi-square tests and analyses of variance. Differences in pass rates over time were assessed using repeated measures logistic regression. RESULTS One hundred eighty participants completed simulation testing; 170 (94.4%) completed surveys. Participants included surgeons (17.2%), anesthesiologists (10.0%), allied health professionals (41.7%), and medical trainees (31.1%). Prior to training, 45.4% of participants reported feeling moderately or very confident in their ability to respond to an OR fire. Eight participants (4.4%) responded safely on the first simulation attempt. Forty-three participants (23.9%) passed by the third attempt (VR only); an additional 97 participants (53.9%) passed within the 4-5th attempt (VR with AI assistance). CONCLUSIONS Providers are unprepared to respond to OR fires. VR-based simulation training provides a practical platform for individuals to improve their knowledge and performance in the management of OR fires with a 79% pass rate in our study. A VR AI approach to teaching this essential skill is innovative, feasible, and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Truong
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard School of Medicine, 330 Brookline Ave, Shapiro Clinical Center 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Di Qi
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Adam Ryason
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Amy M Sullivan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Carl J. Shapiro Institute for Research and Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jaime Cudmore
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard School of Medicine, 330 Brookline Ave, Shapiro Clinical Center 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Samuel Alfred
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie B Jones
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jose M Parra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Carl J. Shapiro Institute for Research and Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suvranu De
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Daniel B Jones
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard School of Medicine, 330 Brookline Ave, Shapiro Clinical Center 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Sankaranarayanan G, Odlozil CA, Hasan SS, Shabbir R, Qi D, Turkseven M, De S, Funk G, Weddle RJ. Training on a virtual reality cricothyroidotomy simulator improves skills and transfers to a simulated procedure. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2022; 7:e000826. [PMID: 35340706 PMCID: PMC8889411 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2021-000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The virtual airway skills trainer (VAST) is a virtual reality simulator for training in cricothyroidotomy (CCT). The goal of the study is to test the effectiveness of training and transfer of skills of the VAST-CCT. Methods Two groups, control (no training) and simulation (2 weeks of proficiency-based training), participated in this study. Subjects in the control condition did not receive any training on the task whereas those in the simulation received a proficiency-based training on the task during a period of 2 weeks. Two weeks post-training, both groups performed CCT on the TraumaMan to demonstrate the transfer of skills. Results A total of (n=20) subjects participated in the study. The simulation group performed better than the control group at both the post-test (p<0.001) and retention test (p<0.001) on the simulator. The cumulative sum analysis showed that all subjects in the simulation group reached proficiency with acceptable failure rate within the 2 weeks of training. On the transfer test, the simulation group performed better on skin cut (p<0.001), intubation (p<0.001) and total score (p<0.001) than the control group. Conclusions The VAST-CCT is effective in training and skills transfer for the CCT procedure. Level of evidence Not applicable. Simulator validation study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salman S Hasan
- Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rehma Shabbir
- Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Di Qi
- Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Melih Turkseven
- Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Suvranu De
- Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Funk
- Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Peng J, Tang R, Qi D, Yu Q, Hu H, Tang W, He J, Wang D. Predictive Value of the Baseline and Early Changes in Blood Eosinophils for Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1845-1858. [PMID: 35313672 PMCID: PMC8933624 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s350856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eosinophils play an essential role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to assess the association between the baseline blood eosinophils, eosinophil changes during the first week in the intensive care unit (ICU) and short-term patient outcomes. Methods All patients meeting the Berlin definition of ARDS from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were retrospectively analyzed. We used logistic regression, Kaplan–Meier survival and random forest analysis to determine the association between the baseline eosinophils and short-term mortality. Then the trends in eosinophils over time were compared between the survivors and non-survivors using a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM), which is a common approach used for analysis of repeated measurement data. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive value. Results A total of 1685 patients were included, and the 30-day mortality was 25.1%. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with high baseline eosinophils (>0.3%) had lower 30-day mortality (p < 0.001). Random forest model selected the baseline eosinophils as an important factor associated with 30-day mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified high baseline eosinophils as an independent factor for 30-day mortality (OR 0.743, 95% CI 0.568–0.970). The GAMM result showed that the levels of eosinophils were increased in both survival and non-survival groups, and the between-group differences increased over time, with an average of 0.154 daily after adjusting for confounders. The AUC of changes in eosinophils within the first week was significantly higher than that of baseline eosinophils. Conclusion There is a negative association between the baseline eosinophils and short-term mortality in ARDS patients, and the differences in eosinophils increased over time between the survivors and non-survivors. Higher increase in eosinophils is associated with decreased short-term mortality, and dynamic monitoring of eosinophils could better predict the survival of ARDS patients. Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: ![]()
https://youtu.be/Xe5dqxVxw_M
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Daoxin Wang; Jing He, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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Qi D, Li J, Guan X, Chan CK. Dynamic polarization-insensitive BOTDA in direct-detection OFDM with CNN-based BFS extraction. Opt Express 2022; 30:7725-7736. [PMID: 35299528 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We propose a dynamic polarization-insensitive Brillouin optical time domain analyzer (D/PI-BOTDA) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based on intensity-modulated direct-detection (IM-DD). A polarization-division-multiplexed (PDM) pump signal enables polarization diversity of the stimulated Brillouin scattering while a multi-frequency OFDM probe signal realizes dynamic sensing with single-shot transmission. We experimentally demonstrated distributed temperature sensing along a total 940-meter fiber with a temperature sensing coefficient of 1.2°C/MHz. The experimental results indicated a remarkable suppression of Brillouin gain fluctuation up to 4.38 times compared to the case without polarization diversity. To facilitate the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) extraction process, we also implement a CNN-based BFS extraction method with SE-Res2Net block. The adopted algorithm achieves a higher accuracy than conventional curve fitting method, with a 10-time enhancement in the time efficiency.
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Jiao X, Pei X, Lu D, Qi D, Huang S, He S, Li Z. Microbial Reconstitution Improves Aging-Driven Lacrimal Gland Circadian Dysfunction. Am J Pathol 2021; 191:2091-2116. [PMID: 34428426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lacrimal glands are highly susceptible to aging and exhibit age-related structural and functional alterations. However, the mechanisms by which aging affects the lacrimal glands are not well-established. The current study explores the crosstalk between the aging process, gut microbiota, and circadian rhythm in age-associated lacrimal gland dysfunction. C57BL/6J mice were divided into young, old, and fecal microbiota transplant (FMT)-treated old groups. The gut bacterial community diversity was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Exorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) were collected at 3-hour intervals over a 24-hour circadian cycle, and total RNA was subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Rhythmic transcriptional data were analyzed using the Jonckheere-Terpstra-Kendall algorithm and bioinformatics analysis technology. Immunostaining was used to identify lymphocytic infiltration, lipid deposition, and nerve innervation in the ELGs. Compared with young mice, old mice underwent a significant gut microbial community shift. The rhythmically transcriptomic profile was significantly reprogrammed over a 24-hour cycle in the old ELG group. Intervention with serial FMT from young donors for 1 month rejuvinated the gut microbial community of the old mice. Most alterations in rhythmic transcriptomic profiling were improved. Furthermore, chronic inflammation, lipid deposition, and aberrant neural response of the aging lacrimal glands were significantly reduced. Thus, the study shows that reconstitution of age-associated gut dysbiosis with FMTs from young donors improves aging-driven lacrimal gland circadian dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Jiao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyu He
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Deng W, He J, Tang XM, Li CY, Tong J, Qi D, Wang DX. Alcohol inhibits alveolar fluid clearance through the epithelial sodium channel via the A2 adenosine receptor in acute lung injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:725. [PMID: 34396442 PMCID: PMC8404097 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of mortality and poor outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on lung injury and clarify the signaling pathways involved in the inhibition of alveolar fluid clearance (AFC). In order to produce rodent models with chronic alcohol consumption, wild‑type C57BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol. A2a adenosine receptor (AR) small interfering (si)RNA or A2bAR siRNA were transfected into the lung tissue of mice and primary rat alveolar type II (ATII) cells. The rate of AFC in lung tissue was measured during exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) expression was determined to investigate the mechanisms underlying alcohol‑induced regulation of AFC. In the present study, exposure to alcohol reduced AFC, exacerbated pulmonary edema and worsened LPS‑induced lung injury. Alcohol caused a decrease in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and inhibited α‑ENaC, β‑ENaC and γ‑ENaC expression levels in the lung tissue of mice and ATII cells. Furthermore, alcohol decreased α‑ENaC, β‑ENaC and γ‑ENaC expression levels via the A2aAR or A2bAR‑cAMP signaling pathways in vitro. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that chronic alcohol consumption worsened lung injury by aggravating pulmonary edema and impairing AFC. An alcohol‑induced decrease of α‑ENaC, β‑ENaC and γ‑ENaC expression levels by the A2AR‑mediated cAMP pathway may be responsible for the exacerbated effects of chronic alcohol consumption in lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Mao Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Yi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jin Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Dao-Xin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Qi D, Jiao C, Liu X, Zhang G. Nickel-catalyzed deaminative Sonogashira coupling of alkylpyridinium salts enabled by NN 2 pincer ligand. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4904. [PMID: 34385455 PMCID: PMC8361081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkynes are amongst the most valuable functional groups in organic chemistry and widely used in chemical biology, pharmacy, and materials science. However, the preparation of alkyl-substituted alkynes still remains elusive. Here, we show a nickel-catalyzed deaminative Sonogashira coupling of alkylpyridinium salts. Key to the success of this coupling is the development of an easily accessible and bench-stable amide-type pincer ligand. This ligand allows naturally abundant alkyl amines as alkylating agents in Sonogashira reactions, and produces diverse alkynes in excellent yields under mild conditions. Salient merits of this chemistry include broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, gram-scale synthesis, one-pot transformation, versatile late-stage derivatizations as well as the use of inexpensive pre-catalyst and readily available substrates. The high efficiency and strong practicability bode well for the widespread applications of this strategy in constructing functional molecules, materials, and fine chemicals. Alkynes are amongst the most valuable functional groups in organic chemistry, however, the preparation of alkyl-substituted alkynes still remains elusive. Here the authors show a nickel-catalyzed deaminative Sonogashira coupling of alkylpyridinium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Di Qi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chenchen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaopan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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44
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Qi D, Haladin NB. Corpus translation system based on Web Services and its application. IFS 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-219147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to construct an efficient translation system, this paper constructs a corpus translation system based on Web Services. Moreover, this paper builds a network term detection system based on machine learning algorithms, expands the corpus data with the support of the crawler system, and uses WEB retrieval translation technology. At the same time, in response to the problem of sentence length changes in English abstracts, this paper proposes a method to obtain standard sentence length changes based on edit distance and SVM sorting. Based on requirements, this paper designs the architecture and data integration process of the data integration system. In addition, this paper outlines the detailed design and implementation process of each module of the system, and proposes a system performance optimization plan, and combines translation requirements to construct a corpus translation system based on Web Services. Finally, this paper designs experiments to verify the performance of the model. The research results show that the system constructed in this paper has a good application effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
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Wang T, Qi D, Hu X, Li N, Zhang X, Liu H, Zhong C, Zhang J. A novel evodiamine amino derivative as a PI3K/AKT signaling pathway modulator that induces apoptosis in small cell lung cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174215. [PMID: 34081902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) was derivatized to a C10-amino derivative (EVA) using a two-step method suitable for industrializing production. This method has advantages such as a short reaction time, high yield, few byproducts and simple purification. The AUC and Cmax values of EVA were 7.02- and 4.62-fold, while the Tmax and Cl values were one-half and one-eighth that of EVO, respectively. EVA markedly improved the bioavailability, which might be ascribed to the serum albumin deposit effect. EVA was bound to albumin in the same hydrophobic pocket as EVO, but one more hydrogen bond was formed between Asp323 and the amino group at the C10 position. The amino derivative of natural alkaloids showed a substantial increase in antitumor activity on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. The role of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in alkaloid/derivative-induced apoptosis in tumor cells was thoroughly described. p-AKT, its downstream effectors Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and its upstream regulator PTEN were regulated by EVA. The interaction between EVO/EVA and the upstream protein PI3K p110 was first investigated with molecular docking. The apoptosis induced by EVA was abrogated after the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was reactivated by IGF-1. The interaction between EVO/EVA and P-gp was also first studied using docking method. Their binding forces were weak. But EVA might reduce much expression of P-gp than EVO, and ultimately led to reduction of EVA efflux. Our study provides novel insights into a feasible and productive amino derivative of natural alkaloids for SCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Na Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hongming Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchuan People's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 408400, China.
| | - Cailing Zhong
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Abstract
Efficient algorithms that support dynamic topological updates are necessary for the simulation of progressive interactive cutting of deformable objects. Existing mesh-based techniques suffer from the generation of ill-shaped elements whereas voxel grid-based methods require additional cut surfaces to be generated or the use of look-up tables for pre-computed cutting patterns. To overcome these limitations of existing methods, we propose a novel voxel-based topological operator, divide, which divides a voxel into two voxels identical to the original voxel's size by dynamically distributing its voxel elements (nodes, edges) into the newly divided voxels until the cutting of the original voxel is completed. The connectivity between the divided voxels and the neighbors of the original voxel is retained during the cut, and new connectivity between the adjacent divided voxels is generated to represent the continuity of the cut. As a result, the cut surface can be generated directly from the divided voxels on-the-fly, and the correspondence between the cut surface and the simulation voxels is maintained without any additional effort. We use several example problems to demonstrate the efficiency of our method and compare it with other existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
| | - Nicholas Milef
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University
| | - Suvranu De
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
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Peng J, Yu Q, Fan S, Chen X, Tang R, Wang D, Qi D. High Blood Eosinophil and YKL-40 Levels, as Well as Low CXCL9 Levels, are Associated with Increased Readmission in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:795-806. [PMID: 33814903 PMCID: PMC8009765 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s294968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Readmission after hospital discharge is common among patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Predictive biomarkers of readmission would facilitate stratification strategies and individualized prognosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the utility of type 2 biomarkers (eosinophils, periostin, and YKL-40) and a type 1 biomarker (CXCL9) in predicting readmission events in patients with AECOPD. Methods This is a prospective observational study design. Blood levels of eosinophils, periostin, YKL-40, and CXCL9 were measured at admission. The clinical outcomes were 12-month COPD-related readmission, time to COPD-related readmission, and number of 12-month COPD-related readmissions. These outcomes were analyzed using logistic and Cox regression models and Spearman's rank test. Results A total of 123 patients were included, of whom 51 had experienced at least one readmission for AECOPD. High levels of eosinophils (≥200 cells/μL or 2% of the total white blood cell count, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] =3.138, P=0.009) and YKL-40 (≥14.5 ng/mL, aOR =2.840, P=0.015), as well as low CXCL9 levels (≤30.1 ng/mL, aOR =2.551, P=0.028), were associated with an increased COPD-related readmission. The highest relative readmission rate was observed in patients with both high eosinophil and YKL-40 levels. Moreover, high eosinophil and YKL-40 levels were associated with a shorter time to first COPD-related readmission and an increased number of 12-month COPD-related readmissions. Conclusion High blood eosinophil and YKL-40 levels, as well as low CXCL9 levels, have predictive utility for the 12-month COPD-related readmission rate. Using eosinophils and YKL-40 together allows more precise identification of patients at high risk of COPD-related readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulei Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingru Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Cao L, Qi D, Li Q, Yang B, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Qi S, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Spectrophotometric loop flow analyzer for high-precision measurement of seawater pH. Talanta 2021; 224:121775. [PMID: 33379010 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Automated instrument for long-term measurement of seawater pH is important for documenting the changes of the marine carbonate system and the impacts of ocean acidification. An automated pH analyzer based on loop flow analysis (LFA-pH) was developed to achieve precise and accurate measurements of seawater pH. The circulating loop allows complete mixing of an indicator and seawater, constant mixing volume of two solutions, and correcting indicator perturbation for each measurement. During laboratory testing, the LFA-pH precision achieved 0.0004, and the accuracy was 0.0017 ± 0.0038 compared with the certified standard buffer at different temperatures. During the 59 day underway measurement across the mid and high latitudes, more than 2500 pH measurements were carried out. LFA-pH showed good stability with high temperature and salinity changes, and measurement results were consistent with the discrete surface seawater pH measurement data. In situ testing of two LFA-pHs was completed near the Zhongyuan pier in Qingdao. The average pH offset between the two LFA-pHs was 0.0010 ± 0.0032 (n = 788), with the accuracies of the two LFA-pHs of 0.0012 ± 0.0033 and 0.0005 ± 0.0035 compared to discrete measurements. For continuous measurement, the average power consumption is 3.6 W at a 10 min measurement frequency. Given its low power consumption, high precision, and accuracy, FLA-pH could be adapted for underway and in situ measurements of ocean acidification observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cao
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Di Qi
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry of Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Quanlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22094, United States
| | - Yunyan Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Shengbo Qi
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao, 266061, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao, 266061, China.
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Guo K, Qi D, Huang B. LncRNA MEG8 promotes NSCLC progression by modulating the miR-15a-5p-miR-15b-5p/PSAT1 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:84. [PMID: 33526036 PMCID: PMC7852147 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common tumor with severe morbidity and high mortality. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as crucial regulators participate in multiple cancer progressions. However, the role of lncRNA MEG8 in the development of NSCLC remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of lncRNA MEG8 on the progression of NSCLC and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Cell proliferation was analyzed by EdU assays. The impacts of lncRNA MEG8, miR-15a-5p, and miR-15b-5p on cell invasion and migration of NSCLC were assessed by transwell assay. The luciferase reporter gene assay was performed using the Dual-luciferase Reporter Assay System. The effect of lncRNA MEG8, miR-15a-5p, and miR-15b-5p on tumor growth was evaluated in nude mice of Balb/c in vivo. RESULTS We revealed that the expression levels of MEG8 were elevated in the NSCLC patient tissues compared to that in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of MEG8 was negatively relative to that of miR-15a-5p and miR-15b-5p in the NSCLC patient tissues. The expression of MEG8 was upregulated, while miR-15a-5p and miR-15b-5p were downregulated in NSCLC cell lines. The depletion of MEG8 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. MEG8 contributed to NSCLC progression by targeting miR-15a-5p/miR-15b-5p in vitro. LncRNA MEG8 contributes to tumor growth of NSCLC via the miR-15a/b-5p/PSAT1 axis in vivo. Thus, we concluded that lncRNA MEG8 promotes NSCLC progression by modulating the miR-15a/b-5p/PSAT1 axis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that lncRNA MEG8 plays a critical role in NSCLC development. LncRNA MEG8, miR-15a-5p, miR-15b-5p, and PSAT1 may serve as potential targets for NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Renming Street #5-2, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Renming Street #5-2, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Renming Street #5-2, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Qi D, Ryason A, Milef N, Alfred S, Abu-Nuwar MR, Kappus M, De S, Jones DB. Virtual reality operating room with AI guidance: design and validation of a fire scenario. Surg Endosc 2021; 35:779-786. [PMID: 32072293 PMCID: PMC7431365 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Operating room (OR) fires are uncommon but disastrous events. Inappropriate handling of OR fires can result in injuries, even death. Aiming to simulate OR fire emergencies and effectively train clinicians to react appropriately, we have developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based OR fire virtual trainer based on the principle of the "fire triangle" and SAGES FUSE curriculum. The simulator can predict the user's actions in the virtual OR and provide them with timely feedback to assist with training. We conducted a study investigating the validity of the AI-assisted OR fire trainer at the 2019 SAGES Learning Center. METHODS Fifty-three participants with varying medical experience were voluntarily recruited to participate in our Institutional Review Board approved study. All participants were asked to contain a fire within the virtual OR. Participants were then asked to fill out a 7-point Likert questionnaire consisting of ten questions regarding the face validation of the AI-assisted OR fire simulator. Shapiro-Wilk tests were conducted to test normality of the scores for each trial. A Friedman's ANOVA with post hoc tests was used to evaluate the effect of multiple trials on performance. RESULTS On a 7-point scale, eight of the ten questions were rated a mean of 6 or greater (72.73%), especially those relating to the usefulness of the simulator for OR fire-containing training. 79.25% of the participants rated the degree of usefulness of AI guidance over 6 out of 7. The performance of individuals improved significantly over the five trials, χ2(4) = 119.89, p < .001, and there was a significant linear trend of performance r = .97, p = 0.006. A pairwise analysis showed that only after the introduction of AI did performance improve significantly. CONCLUSIONS The AI-guided OR fire trainer offers the potential to assess OR personnel and teach the proper response to an iatrogenic fire scenario in a safe, repeatable, immersive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qi
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Adam Ryason
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Milef
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Alfred
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Mohamad Rassoul Abu-Nuwar
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mojdeh Kappus
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suvranu De
- Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Daniel B Jones
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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