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Kim SI, Kim H, Dan K, Park H, Lee C, Kim HS, Chung HH, Kim J, Park NH, Han D, Lee M. Proteomic landscaping of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma identifies stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 as a potential predictive biomarker for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor response. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1693. [PMID: 38720404 PMCID: PMC11079157 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Kim
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Kisoon Dan
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hong‐Beom Park
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced TechnologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cheol Lee
- Department of PathologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of PathologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hoon Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Weon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Noh Hyun Park
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced TechnologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Maria Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
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Deng GH, Wu CF, Li YJ, Shi H, Zhong WC, Hong MK, Li JJ, Zhao JM, Liu C, Qin MC, Zeng ZY, Zhang WM, Yung KKL, Lv ZP, Gao L. Caveolin-1 is critical for hepatic iron storage capacity in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:53. [PMID: 37941054 PMCID: PMC10631186 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with disordered lipid and iron metabolism. Our previous study has substantiated the pivotal role of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in protecting hepatocytes and mediating iron metabolism in the liver. This study aimed to explore the specific mechanisms underlying the regulation of iron metabolism by Cav-1 in NAFLD. METHODS Hepatocyte-specific Cav-1 overexpression mice and knockout mice were used in this study. Cav-1-knockdown of RAW264.7 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes were performed to verify the changes in vitro. Moreover, a high-fat diet and palmitic acid plus oleic acid treatment were utilized to construct a NAFLD model in vivo and in vitro, respectively, while a high-iron diet was used to construct an in vivo iron overload model. Besides, iron concentration, the expression of Cav-1 and iron metabolism-related proteins in liver tissue or serum were detected using iron assay kit, Prussian blue staining, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining and ELISA. The related indicators of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress were evaluated by the corresponding reagent kit and staining. RESULTS Significant disorder of lipid and iron metabolism occurred in NAFLD. The expression of Cav-1 was decreased in NAFLD hepatocytes (P < 0.05), accompanied by iron metabolism disorder. Cav-1 enhanced the iron storage capacity of hepatocytes by activating the ferritin light chain/ferritin heavy chain pathway in NAFLD, subsequently alleviating the oxidative stress induced by excess ferrous ions in the liver. Further, CD68+CD163+ macrophages expressing Cav-1 were found to accelerate iron accumulation in the liver, which was contrary to the effect of Cav-1 in hepatocytes. Positive correlations were also observed between the serum Cav-1 concentration and the serum iron-related protein levels in NAFLD patients and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings confirm that Cav-1 is an essential target protein that regulates iron and lipid metabolic homeostasis. It is a pivotal molecule for predicting and protecting against the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Hepatology, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Chao-Feng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yun-Jia Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hao Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Chao Zhong
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Mu-Keng Hong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Meng-Chen Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Min Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Ken Kin Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Department of Hepatology, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China.
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3
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Abedi M, Rahgozar S. Puzzling Out Iron Complications in Cancer Drug Resistance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 178:103772. [PMID: 35914667 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron metabolism are frequently disrupted in cancer. Patients with cancer are prone to anemia and receive transfusions frequently; the condition which results in iron overload, contributing to serious therapeutic complications. Iron is introduced as a carcinogen that may increase tumor growth. However, investigations regarding its impact on response to chemotherapy, particularly the induction of drug resistance are still limited. Here, iron contribution to cell signaling and various molecular mechanisms underlying iron-mediated drug resistance are described. A dual role of this vital element in cancer treatment is also addressed. On one hand, the need to administer iron chelators to surmount iron overload and improve the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy is discussed. On the other hand, the necessary application of iron as a therapeutic option by iron-oxide nanoparticles or ferroptosis inducers is explained. Authors hope that this paper can help unravel the clinical complications related to iron in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Abedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Soheila Rahgozar
- Department of Cell and Molecular biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
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4
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Wang Q, Gu T, Ma L, Bu S, Zhou W, Mao G, Wang LL, Guo Y, Lai D. Efficient iron utilization compensates for loss of extracellular matrix of ovarian cancer spheroids. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:369-380. [PMID: 33450374 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancer cells can dissociate directly from extracellular matrix (ECM) and form spheroids to spread through the peritoneal cavity. Loss of ECM hinders the survival of ECM-detached epithelial cells. It is still largely unknown how ovarian cancer spheroids maintain their viability after loss of ECM. We find that spheroids derived either from ovarian cancer ascites or cell lines are iron-replete. In accordance with iron-replete condition, proteins involved in iron uptake, transport and storage including divalent metal ion transporter 1 (DMT1), transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), ferritin, poly(rC)-binding proteins 1 and 2 (PCBP1 and 2) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) all increase in ovarian cancer spheroids. Genes linking iron homeostasis and lipid metabolism including stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) are up-regulated in ovarian cancer spheroids. The product of SCD1 oleic acid can restore the viability of ovarian cancer spheroids inhibited by deprivation of iron. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation contributes to autophagy activation in ovarian cancer spheroids. Impairment of autophagy by U0126 or Olaparib results in lysosomal iron accumulation and decrease of the cytosolic labile iron pool, leading to reduction of SCD1, lipid level and cell viability. Combination of U0126 and Olaparib has synergistic cytotoxicity toward ovarian cancer spheroids. Our findings reveal that ovarian cancer spheroids develop efficient iron utilization system to survive. Targeting iron utilization in ovarian cancer spheroids may have the potential to become new treatment strategies for ovarian cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, PR China; Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| | - Tingting Gu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Li Ma
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Shixia Bu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Guoping Mao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Lu-Lu Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Dongmei Lai
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, PR China; Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
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5
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Torti SV, Torti FM. Iron and Cancer: 2020 Vision. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5435-5448. [PMID: 32928919 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New and provocative insights into the relationships between iron and cancer have been uncovered in recent years. These include delineation of connections that link cellular iron to DNA repair, genomic integrity, and oncogenic signaling as well as the discovery of ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent form of cell death. In parallel, new molecules and pathways that regulate iron influx, intracellular iron trafficking, and egress in normal cells, and their perturbations in cancer have been discovered. In addition, insights into the unique properties of iron handling in tumor-initiating cells (cancer stem cells), novel contributions of the tumor microenvironment to the uptake and regulation of iron in cancer cells, and new therapeutic modalities that leverage the iron dependence of cancer have emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
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6
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Konstorum A, Tesfay L, Paul BT, Torti FM, Laubenbacher RC, Torti SV. Systems biology of ferroptosis: A modeling approach. J Theor Biol 2020; 493:110222. [PMID: 32114023 PMCID: PMC7254156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently discovered form of iron-dependent regulated cell death (RCD) that occurs via peroxidation of phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) moieties. Activating this form of cell death is an emerging strategy in cancer treatment. Because multiple pathways and molecular species contribute to the ferroptotic process, predicting which tumors will be sensitive to ferroptosis is a challenge. We thus develop a mathematical model of several critical pathways to ferroptosis in order to perform a systems-level analysis of the process. We show that sensitivity to ferroptosis depends on the activity of multiple upstream cascades, including PUFA incorporation into the phospholipid membrane, and the balance between levels of pro-oxidant factors (reactive oxygen species, lipoxogynases) and antioxidant factors (GPX4). We perform a systems-level analysis of ferroptosis sensitivity as an outcome of five input variables (ACSL4, SCD1, ferroportin, transferrin receptor, and p53) and organize the resulting simulations into 'high' and 'low' ferroptosis sensitivity groups. We make a novel prediction corresponding to the combinatorial requirements of ferroptosis sensitivity to SCD1 and ACSL4 activity. To validate our prediction, we model the ferroptotic response of an ovarian cancer stem cell line following single- and double-knockdown of SCD1 and ACSL4. We find that the experimental outcomes are consistent with our simulated predictions. This work suggests that a systems-level approach is beneficial for understanding the complex combined effects of ferroptotic input, and in predicting cancer susceptibility to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Konstorum
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America.
| | - Lia Tesfay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Bibbin T Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Reinhard C Laubenbacher
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
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7
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Torti SV, Torti FM. Iron: The cancer connection. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 75:100860. [PMID: 32340745 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron plays an essential role in normal biological processes: The generation of cellular energy, oxygen transport, DNA synthesis and repair are all processes that require iron-coordinated proteins, either as elemental iron, heme or iron-sulfur clusters. As a transition metal with two major biological oxidation states, iron is also a critical intermediate in the generation of reactive oxygen species that can damage cellular structures and contribute to both aging and cancer. In this review, we focus on experimental and epidemiologic evidence that links iron and cancer, as well as strategies that have been proposed to either reduce or increase cellular iron for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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8
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Czumaj A, Śledziński T. Biological Role of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Desaturases in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020356. [PMID: 32013225 PMCID: PMC7071289 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered one of the most important components of cells that influence normal development and function of many organisms, both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Unsaturated fatty acid desaturases play a crucial role in the synthesis of PUFAs, inserting additional unsaturated bonds into the acyl chain. The level of expression and activity of different types of desaturases determines profiles of PUFAs. It is well recognized that qualitative and quantitative changes in the PUFA profile, resulting from alterations in the expression and activity of fatty acid desaturases, are associated with many pathological conditions. Understanding of underlying mechanisms of fatty acid desaturase activity and their functional modification will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies in diseases associated with qualitative and quantitative disorders of PUFA.
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9
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Garvey C, Maskal C. Sentiment Analysis of the News Media on Artificial Intelligence Does Not Support Claims of Negative Bias Against Artificial Intelligence. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 24:286-299. [PMID: 31313979 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a hot topic in digital health, as automated systems are being adopted throughout the health care system. Because they are still flexible, emerging technologies can be shaped significantly by media representations as well as public engagement with science. In this context, we examine the belief that negative news media coverage of AI-and specifically, the alleged use of imagery from the movie Terminator-is to blame for public concerns about AI. This belief is identified as a potential barrier to meaningful engagement of AI scientists and technology developers with journalists and the broader public. We name this climate of risk perception the "Terminator Syndrome"-not because of its origins in the movie of the same name per se, but because such unchecked beliefs can terminate broad public engagement on AI before they even begin. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study examined the hypothesis that the news media coverage of AI is negative. We conducted a sentiment analysis of news data spanning over six decades, from 1956 to 2018, using the Google Cloud Natural Language API Sentiment Analysis tool. Contrary to the alleged negative sentiment in news media coverage of AI, we found that the available evidence does not support this claim. We conclude with an innovation policy-relevant discussion on the current state of AI risk perceptions, and what critical social sciences offer for responsible AI innovation in digital health, life sciences, and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Garvey
- Science and Technology Studies Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Chandler Maskal
- Science and Technology Studies Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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10
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Tesfay L, Paul BT, Konstorum A, Deng Z, Cox AO, Lee J, Furdui CM, Hegde P, Torti FM, Torti SV. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Protects Ovarian Cancer Cells from Ferroptotic Cell Death. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5355-5366. [PMID: 31270077 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activation of ferroptosis, a recently described mechanism of regulated cell death, dramatically inhibits growth of ovarian cancer cells. Given the importance of lipid metabolism in ferroptosis and the key role of lipids in ovarian cancer, we examined the contribution to ferroptosis of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1, SCD), an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis in ovarian cancer cells. SCD1 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissue, cell lines, and a genetic model of ovarian cancer stem cells. Inhibition of SCD1 induced lipid oxidation and cell death. Conversely, overexpression of SCD or exogenous administration of its C16:1 and C18:1 products, palmitoleic acid or oleate, protected cells from death. Inhibition of SCD1 induced both ferroptosis and apoptosis. Inhibition of SCD1 decreased CoQ10, an endogenous membrane antioxidant whose depletion has been linked to ferroptosis, while concomitantly decreasing unsaturated fatty acyl chains in membrane phospholipids and increasing long-chain saturated ceramides, changes previously linked to apoptosis. Simultaneous triggering of two death pathways suggests SCD1 inhibition may be an effective component of antitumor therapy, because overcoming this dual mechanism of cell death may present a significant barrier to the emergence of drug resistance. Supporting this concept, we observed that inhibition of SCD1 significantly potentiated the antitumor effect of ferroptosis inducers in both ovarian cancer cell lines and a mouse orthotopic xenograft model. Our results suggest that the use of combined treatment with SCD1 inhibitors and ferroptosis inducers may provide a new therapeutic strategy for patients with ovarian cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: The combination of SCD1 inhibitors and ferroptosis inducers may provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ovarian cancer patients.See related commentary by Carbone and Melino, p. 5149.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Tesfay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Bibbin T Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Anna Konstorum
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Zhiyong Deng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Anderson O Cox
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jingyun Lee
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Poornima Hegde
- Department of Pathology, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut.
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11
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Links Between Iron and Lipids: Implications in Some Major Human Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040113. [PMID: 30360386 PMCID: PMC6315991 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of iron homeostasis is critical to cellular health as both its excess and insufficiency are detrimental. Likewise, lipids, which are essential components of cellular membranes and signaling mediators, must also be tightly regulated to hinder disease progression. Recent research, using a myriad of model organisms, as well as data from clinical studies, has revealed links between these two metabolic pathways, but the mechanisms behind these interactions and the role these have in the progression of human diseases remains unclear. In this review, we summarize literature describing cross-talk between iron and lipid pathways, including alterations in cholesterol, sphingolipid, and lipid droplet metabolism in response to changes in iron levels. We discuss human diseases correlating with both iron and lipid alterations, including neurodegenerative disorders, and the available evidence regarding the potential mechanisms underlying how iron may promote disease pathogenesis. Finally, we review research regarding iron reduction techniques and their therapeutic potential in treating patients with these debilitating conditions. We propose that iron-mediated alterations in lipid metabolic pathways are involved in the progression of these diseases, but further research is direly needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
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