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Lynce F, Mainor C, Donahue RN, Geng X, Jones G, Schlam I, Wang H, Toney NJ, Jochems C, Schlom J, Zeck J, Gallagher C, Nanda R, Graham D, Stringer-Reasor EM, Denduluri N, Collins J, Chitalia A, Tiwari S, Nunes R, Kaltman R, Khoury K, Gatti-Mays M, Tarantino P, Tolaney SM, Swain SM, Pohlmann P, Parsons HA, Isaacs C. Adjuvant nivolumab, capecitabine or the combination in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer: the OXEL randomized phase II study. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2691. [PMID: 38538574 PMCID: PMC10973408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46961-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have a role in the post-neoadjuvant setting in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the effects of nivolumab, a checkpoint inhibitor, capecitabine, or the combination in changing peripheral immunoscore (PIS) remains unclear. This open-label randomized phase II OXEL study (NCT03487666) aimed to assess the immunologic effects of nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination in terms of the change in PIS (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints included the presence of ctDNA, toxicity, clinical outcomes at 2-years and association of ctDNA and PIS with clinical outcomes. Forty-five women with TNBC and residual invasive disease after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy were randomized to nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination. Here we show that a combination of nivolumab plus capecitabine leads to a greater increase in PIS from baseline to week 6 (91%) compared with nivolumab (47%) or capecitabine (53%) alone (log-rank p = 0.08), meeting the pre-specified primary endpoint. In addition, the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is associated with disease recurrence, with no new safety signals in the combination arm. Our results provide efficacy and safety data on this combination in TNBC and support further development of PIS and ctDNA analyses to identify patients at high risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Lynce
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Candace Mainor
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xue Geng
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Ilana Schlam
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicole J Toney
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Jochems
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Zeck
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Deena Graham
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Julie Collins
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- AstraZeneca, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Ami Chitalia
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shruti Tiwari
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raquel Nunes
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
- AstraZeneca, Arlington, VA, USA
| | | | - Katia Khoury
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara M Tolaney
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paula Pohlmann
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heather A Parsons
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wang X, Li H, Chen H, Fang K, Chang X. Overexpression of circulating CD38+ NK cells in colorectal cancer was associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1309785. [PMID: 38463232 PMCID: PMC10921414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1309785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a critical prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Due to the potential influence of immune system on CRC progression, investigation into lymphocyte subsets as clinical markers has gained attention. The objective of this study was to assess the capability of lymphocyte subsets in evaluating the lymph node status and prognosis of CRC. Methods Lymphocyte subsets, including T cells (CD3+), natural killer cells (NK, CD3- CD56+), natural killer-like T cells (NK-like T, CD3+ CD56+), CD38+ NK cells (CD3- CD56+ CD38+) and CD38+ NK-like T cells (CD3+ CD56+ CD38+), were detected by flow cytometry. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the risk factors of LNM. The prognostic role of parameters was evaluated by survival analysis. Results The proportion of CD38+ NK cells within the NK cell population was significantly higher in LNM-positive patients (p <0.0001). However, no significant differences were observed in the proportions of other lymphocyte subsets. Poorer histologic grade (odds ratio [OR] =4.76, p =0.03), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (OR =22.38, p <0.01), and CD38+ NK cells (high) (OR =4.54, p <0.01) were identified as independent risk factors for LNM. Furthermore, high proportion of CD38+ NK cells was associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients (HR=2.37, p =0.03). Conclusions It was demonstrated that the proportion of CD38+ NK cells was a marker overexpressed in LNM-positive patients compared with LNM-negative patients. Moreover, an elevated proportion of CD38+ NK cells is a risk factor for LNM and poor prognosis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Wang
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huixian Chen
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kehua Fang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Liu X, Liu H, Wang L, Han Y, Kong L, Zhang X. Killing capacity analysis of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic lymphocytes and impact on lymph node metastasis in differentiated papillary carcinoma of thyroid with the BRAF V600E mutation. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:29. [PMID: 38341587 PMCID: PMC10858496 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CLs) express potent toxins, including perforin (P) and granzyme-B (G), which brings about target cell death. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the killing capacity of tumor-infiltrating CLs by means of P and G analysis, and explore the association with lymph node metastasis in papillary carcinoma of thyroid (PTC) without Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). METHODS Infiltration of lymphocytes in PTC was observed in frozen sections. Both fresh tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues with lymphocyte infiltration were collected and prepared into a single cell suspension. Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of CD3+P+, CD3+G+, CD8+P+, and CD8+G+ T lymphocytes (TLs) and CD16-CD56+P+ and CD16-CD56+G+ natural killer (NK) cells. Finally, we investigated differential expression of P and G in NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in paired tumor tissues (group T, n = 44) and paracancerous tissues (group N, n = 44) from patients with PTC with the BRAF V600E mutation. Furthermore, patients were divided into two groups according to whether cervical central lymph node metastasis (CCLNM) existed: group A (with lymph node metastases, n = 27) and group B (with nonlymph node metastases, n = 17). Patients were also divided into three groups according to the total number of positive CCLNM: group B, group C (with low-level lymph node metastases, less than 5, n = 17) and group D (with high-level lymph node metastases, no less than 5, n = 10). RESULTS The percentage of CD3+P+ CTLs was significantly higher in group N than in group T (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD8+G+ CTLs was significantly higher in group T than in group N (P < 0.05). The percentages of CD3+G+, CD16-CD56+P+and CD16-CD56+G+ NK cells showed no significant difference in either group T or group N (P > 0.05). The percentages of CD3+P+ CTLs in group A and group C were significantly higher in the paracancerous tissue than in the tumor tissue (P < 0.05). The percentages of CD8+G+ CTLs in group A and group C were significantly higher in the tumor tissues than in the paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD16-CD56+G+ NK cells in group D was significantly higher in the tumor tissues than in the paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The killing capacity of infiltrating CLs in PTC differed between tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues. In cases with CCLNM, higher expression of CD16-CD56+G+ NK cells in tumor tissues may be associated with a high risk of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Honggang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Yubing Han
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Linghong Kong
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing, 100022, China
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Kotwal A, Gustafson MP, Bornschlegl S, Dietz AB, Delivanis D, Ryder M. Circulating immunophenotypes are potentially prognostic in follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1325343. [PMID: 38235146 PMCID: PMC10792034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1325343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exploring the immune interface of follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer has prognostic and therapeutic potential. The available literature is lacking for comprehensive immunophenotyping in relation to clinical outcomes. In this study, we identify circulating immunophenotypes associated with thyroid cancer prognosis. Methods We conducted a pilot observational study of adults with follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer who underwent surgery at our tertiary care referral center and had consented for flow cytometry on peripheral blood collected at the time of thyroidectomy. Results Of the 32 included subjects, 20 (62%) had well differentiated, 5 (16%) had poorly differentiated, and 7 (22%) had anaplastic thyroid cancer. The most frequent AJCC stage was 4 (59%) and the ATA risk of recurrence category was high (56%). Patients with AJCC stage 3/4 demonstrated fewer circulating mononuclear cells (CD45+), more monocytes (CD14+), fewer total lymphocytes (CD14-), fewer T cells (CD3+), fewer CD4+ T cells, fewer gamma-delta T cells, fewer natural killer (NK) T-like cells, more myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs; Lin-CD33+HLADR-), and more effector memory T cells but similar CD8+ T cells compared to stage1/2. Immunophenotype comparisons by ATA risk stratification and course of thyroid cancer were comparable to those observed for stage, except for significant differences in memory T cell subtypes. The median follow-up was 58 months. Conclusions Aggressive follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer either at presentation or during follow-up is associated with down-regulation of the T cell populations specifically CD4+ T cells, gamma-delta T cells, and NK T-like cells but up-regulation of MDSCs and altered memory T cells. These immunophenotypes are potential prognostic biomarkers supporting future investigation for developing targeted immunotherapies against advanced thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Kotwal
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Michael P. Gustafson
- Divisions of Experimental Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Svetlana Bornschlegl
- Divisions of Experimental Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Allan B. Dietz
- Divisions of Experimental Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Danae Delivanis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mabel Ryder
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Jin Z, Han Y, Zhang J, Liu Z, Li R, Liu Z. Prognosis and therapy in thyroid cancer by gene signatures related to natural killer cells. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3657. [PMID: 38282150 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial to cancer development and prognosis. However, the role of NK cell-related genes in immunotherapy and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is not well understood. This study aimed to develop reliable risk signatures associated with NK cell-related genes for predicting thyroid cancer (THCA). METHODS The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from seven THCA samples (GSE184362) and bulk-RNA-seq data of 502 THCA patients (TCGA-THCA) were included. The scRNA-seq data was analyzed using the "Seurat" R package to identify differentially expressed genes in NK cells. The clustering analysis was carried out using the R package "ConsensusClusterPlus". The gene set variation analysis (GSVA) algorithm was applied to assess the variations in biological pathways among subtypes. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to calculate the scores for stromal, immune and estimate variables. In addition, we used the single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT algorithms to assess the degree to which immune cells and pathways related to immunity were enriched based on the meta-cohort. In the TCGA-THCA cohort, the "glmnet" R package was used for the gene selection, and LASSO Cox analysis was used to construct prognostic features. The "maftools" R package was used to examine the somatic mutation landscape of THCA in both low- and high-risk groups. RESULTS One-hundred and eighty-five NK cell marker genes were screened, and nine genes were associated with the THCA prognosis. KLF2, OSTF1 and TAPBP were finally identified and constructed a risk signature with significant prognostic value. KLF2 and OSTF1 were protective genes, and TAPBP was a risk gene. Patients at high risk had a considerably lower overall survival compared with those at low risk. Mutations in the TCGA-THCA cohort were predominantly C > T. Increased tumor mutation burden (TMB) levels were linked to overall survival. The low-risk H-TMB+ group had a better prognosis, while the high-risk L-TMB+ group had the worst prognosis. CONCLUSION Natural killer cell-related genes KLF2, OSTF1 and TAPBP were used to develop a novel prognostic risk signature, offering a new perspective on the prognosis and treatment of THCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yadong Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Lynce F, Mainor C, Donahue RN, Geng X, Jones G, Schlam I, Wang H, Toney NJ, Jochems C, Schlom J, Zeck J, Gallagher C, Nanda R, Graham D, Stringer-Reasor EM, Denduluri N, Collins J, Chitalia A, Tiwari S, Nunes R, Kaltman R, Khoury K, Gatti-Mays M, Tarantino P, Tolaney SM, Swain SM, Pohlmann P, Parsons HA, Isaacs C. Adjuvant nivolumab, capecitabine or the combination in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer: the OXEL randomized phase II study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.04.23297559. [PMID: 38105958 PMCID: PMC10723519 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.04.23297559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have a role in the post-neoadjuvant setting in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the effects of nivolumab, a checkpoint inhibitor, capecitabine, or the combination in changing peripheral immunoscore (PIS) remains unclear. This open-label randomized phase II OXEL study (NCT03487666) aimed to assess the immunologic effects of nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination in terms of the change in PIS (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints include the presence of ctDNA, toxicity, clinical outcomes at 2-years and association of ctDNA and PIS with clinical outcomes. Forty-five women with TNBC and residual invasive disease after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy were randomized to nivolumab, capecitabine, or the combination. Here we show that a combination of nivolumab plus capecitabine leads to a greater increase in PIS from baseline to week 6 (91%) compared with nivolumab (47%) or capecitabine (53%) alone (log-rank p = 0.08), meeting the pre-specified primary endpoint. In addition, the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was associated with disease recurrence, with no new safety signals in the combination arm. Our results provide efficacy and safety data on this combination in TNBC and support further development of PIS and ctDNA analyses to identify patients at high risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Lynce
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Candace Mainor
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Renee N. Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xue Geng
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Greg Jones
- NeoGenomics, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ilana Schlam
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicole J. Toney
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Jochems
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Zeck
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Deena Graham
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Julie Collins
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ami Chitalia
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shruti Tiwari
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raquel Nunes
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Katia Khoury
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara M. Tolaney
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paula Pohlmann
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heather A. Parsons
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Cruz SM, Sholevar CJ, Judge SJ, Darrow MA, Iranpur KR, Farley LE, Lammers M, Razmara AM, Dunai C, Gingrich AA, Persky J, Mori H, Thorpe SW, Monjazeb AM, Murphy WJ, Canter RJ. Intratumoral NKp46 + natural killer cells are spatially distanced from T and MHC-I + cells with prognostic implications in soft tissue sarcoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1230534. [PMID: 37545516 PMCID: PMC10401426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1230534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare, heterogenous malignancies with an unmet need for novel immunotherapies. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been linked with favorable outcomes in STS patients, though the contribution of natural killer (NK) cells and spatial relationships of TILs with MHC-I expressing cells lacks detailed characterization. Experimental design Using archived and prospectively collected specimens, we evaluated intratumoral NK cells by immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence (IF). We assessed spatial localization of NK and T cells by multiplex IF, analyzing the effects of MHC-I expression status on NK and T cell clustering. Results Both intratumoral NKp46 and CD56dim expression were associated with significantly improved overall survival (P=0.05), while higher infiltrates of CD56bright NK cells predicted a worse prognosis (P=0.05). The presence of intratumoral NK cells was inversely proportional to CD3+ T cells. Spatial analyses showed NK cells preferentially clustering close to other NK cells with sparse CD3+ T and CD8+ T cells in range (P<0.0001). Additionally, CD3+ T and CD8+ T cells showed significantly greater co-localization with MHC-I+ cells, compared to NK cells (P<0.0001). After neoadjuvant radiotherapy, there was greater CD8 clustering, while after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, there was overall lower TIL clustering. Conclusion Intratumoral NK cells are prognostic in STS and localize closer to MHC-I- cells than T cells. Although both NK and T cells are associated with improved survival in STS, their differential distribution in the TME based on MHC-I expression status may serve as a biomarker for improved immunotherapy treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia M. Cruz
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Cyrus J. Sholevar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Sean J. Judge
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Morgan A. Darrow
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Khurshid R. Iranpur
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Lauren E. Farley
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Marshall Lammers
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Aryana M. Razmara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Cordelia Dunai
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Alicia A. Gingrich
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Julia Persky
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Hidetoshi Mori
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Steven W. Thorpe
- Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Arta M. Monjazeb
- Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - William J. Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Robert J. Canter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
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Song M, Liu Q, Sun W, Zhang H. Crosstalk between Thyroid Carcinoma and Tumor-Correlated Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2863. [PMID: 37345200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy in the endocrine system. Although most TC can achieve a desirable prognosis, some refractory thyroid carcinomas, including radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, as well as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, face a myriad of difficulties in clinical treatment. These types of tumors contribute to the majority of TC deaths due to limited initial therapy, recurrence, and metastasis of the tumor and tumor resistance to current clinically targeted drugs, which ultimately lead to treatment failure. At present, a growing number of studies have demonstrated crosstalk between TC and tumor-associated immune cells, which affects tumor deterioration and metastasis through distinct signal transduction or receptor activation. Current immunotherapy focuses primarily on cutting off the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells. Since the advent of immunotherapy, scholars have discovered targets for TC immunotherapy, which also provides new strategies for TC treatment. This review methodically and intensively summarizes the current understanding and mechanism of the crosstalk between distinct types of TC and immune cells, as well as potential immunotherapy strategies and clinical research results in the area of the tumor immune microenvironment. We aim to explore the current research advances to formulate better individualized treatment strategies for TC patients and to provide clues and references for the study of potential immune checkpoints and the development of immunotherapy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Song
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110001, China
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HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 Serve as Immune-Related Biomarkers for Predicting the Prognosis in Thyroid Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6724295. [PMID: 36590308 PMCID: PMC9800087 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6724295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) tends to be a common malignancy worldwide and results in various outcomes due to its different subtypes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) was demonstrated to play crucial roles in various malignancies, including thyroid cancer. This study combined the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms, identified four TME-related genes, and evaluated their correlation with clinical characteristics. These findings revealed the malignant performance of TME in TC, and the TME-related DEGs might serve as prognostic biomarkers, which can be utilized for the prediction of immunotherapy effects in patients with TC. Methods The clinical and gene expression profiles of TC patients were collected from the TCGA dataset. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to estimate stromal and immune scores and predict the level of stromal and immune cell infiltration. The differential expressed genes related to TME were filtered by the "limma" package in R, and the PPI network was constructed by a string website. KEGG pathway and GO analyses were performed to investigate the biological progression and molecular functions of TME-related DEGs. Then, univariate Cox regression analysis was employed to screen four genes correlated with clinical characteristics. GSEA was conducted to assess their roles in the TME of TC. To further investigate the association between TME-related genes and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), the CIBERSORT algorithm was performed. Finally, the malignancy behaviors of the two genes were verified by RT-qPCR, IHC, MTT, colony formation, and transwell assays. Results Four TME-related DEGs, LRRN4CL, HS3ST3A1, PCOLCE2, and CAPN8, were identified and were significantly predictive of poor overall survival. KEGG and GO pathway analysis established that the TME-related DEGs were involved in immune responses and pathways in cancer. Furthermore, the malignancy behaviors of HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 were verified by cellular functional experiments. These results revealed that the TME-related genes HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 were able to serve as predictors of prognosis in patients with TC. Conclusion HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 may serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers and TME indicators, which can be utilized for the prediction of immunotherapy effects and provide novel treatment strategies for patients with TC.
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Chen Z, Guo ML, Li YY, Yan K, Li L, Shen F, Guan H, Liu QZ, Xu B, Lian ZX. Immune profiling identifies CD8+ T-cell subset signatures as prognostic markers for recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894919. [PMID: 36420264 PMCID: PMC9676940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid tissue has a special immune microenvironment that is not well characterized. Whether immune cells have a prognostic value in the recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) needs further investigation. Methods Multinodular non-toxic goiter (MNG) was taken as normal tissue for the difficulty in obtaining completely normal thyroid tissue (normal thyroid function, no thyroiditis, and no nodules). We compared the composition of mononuclear cells (MNCs) in peripheral blood and thyroid tissues from MNG and PTC patients by high-dimensional flow cytometry profiling and verified the results by multiplex immunohistochemistry. The recurrence rates of PTC patients with different CD8+T cell subset signatures were compared using TCGA database. Results We observed that the immune cell composition of MNG was different from that in peripheral blood. Thyroid tissue contains higher percentages of T cells and NK cells. Moreover, the percentages of memory T cells and Treg cells were higher in thyroid than in peripheral blood and increased in PTC tumors. We further focused on the antitumoral CD8+T cells and found that the expression patterns of PD-1, CD39, and CD103 on CD8+T cells were different between MNG and PTC. Importantly, we found higher percentages of PD-1+CD39+CD103+CD8+T and PD-1+CD39+CD103-CD8+T cells in PTC tumor tissues from recurrent patients than non-recurrent patients. By analyzing PTC data from TCGA database, we found that the expression patterns of these molecules were associated with different pathologic types and genders among PTC patients. Moreover, patients with PD-1hiCD39loCD103hiCD8hi, PD-1hiCD39hiCD103loCD8hi, and PD-1loCD39hiCD103hiCD8hi expression patterns have a higher 10-year recurrence-free survival. Conclusion The immune microenvironment in MNG tissue is distinct from that in peripheral blood and paratumor tissue. More memory CD8+T cells were detected in PTC, and expression patterns of PD-1, CD39, and CD103 on CD8+T cells were significantly different in physiology and gender and associated with the recurrence rate of PTC. These observations indicate that CD8+T cell signatures may be useful prognostic markers for PTC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Li Guo
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Yi Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Li
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Zhi Liu
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Xu, ; Qing-Zhi Liu,
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Xu, ; Qing-Zhi Liu,
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhou Y, Dai X, Lyu J, Li Y, Bao X, Deng F, Liu K, Cui L, Cheng L. Construction and validation of a novel prognostic model for thyroid cancer based on N7-methylguanosine modification-related lncRNAs. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31075. [PMID: 36281116 PMCID: PMC9592387 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To construct and verify a novel prognostic model for thyroid cancer (THCA) based on N7-methylguanosine modification-related lncRNAs (m7G-lncRNAs) and their association with immune cell infiltration. METHODS In this study, we identified m7G-lncRNAs using co-expression analysis and performed differential expression analysis of m7G-lncRNAs between groups. We then constructed a THCA prognostic model, performed survival analysis and risk assessment for the THCA prognostic model, and performed independent prognostic analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses to evaluate and validate the prognostic value of the model. Furthermore, analysis of the regulatory relationship between prognostic differentially expressed m7G-related lncRNAs (PDEm7G-lncRNAs) and mRNAs and correlation analysis of immune cells and risk scores in THCA patients were carried out. RESULTS We identified 29 N7-methylguanosine modification-related mRNAs and 116 differentially expressed m7G-related lncRNAs, including 87 downregulated and 29 upregulated lncRNAs. Next, we obtained 8 PDEm7G-lncRNAs. A final optimized model was constructed consisting of 5 PDEm7G-lncRNAs (DOCK9-DT, DPP4-DT, TMEM105, SMG7-AS1 and HMGA2-AS1). Six PDEm7G-lncRNAs (DOCK9-DT, DPP4-DT, HMGA2-AS1, LINC01976, MID1IP1-AS1, and SMG7-AS1) had positive regulatory relationships with 10 PDEm7G-mRNAs, while 2 PDEm7G-lncRNAs (LINC02026 and TMEM105) had negative regulatory relationships with 2 PDEm7G-mRNAs. Survival curves and risk assessment predicted the prognostic risk in both groups of patients with THCA. Forest maps and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate and validate the prognostic value of the model. Finally, we demonstrated a correlation between different immune cells and risk scores. CONCLUSION Our results will help identify high-risk or low-risk patients with THCA and facilitate early prediction and clinical intervention in patients with high risk and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuezhong Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianhong Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingyue Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xueyu Bao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liming Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- * Correspondence: Li Cheng, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Guandu District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province 650011, China (e-mail: )
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Peng H, Weng L, Lei S, Hou S, Yang S, Li M, Zhao D. Hypoxia-hindered methylation of PTGIS in endometrial stromal cells accelerates endometriosis progression by inducing CD16 - NK-cell differentiation. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:890-905. [PMID: 35781537 PMCID: PMC9356144 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostacyclin (PGI2) plays key roles in shaping the immune microenvironment and modulating vasodilation, whereas its contribution to endometriosis (EMs) remains largely unclear. Our study suggested that prostacyclin synthase (PTGIS)-dependent PGI2 signaling was significantly activated in EMs, which was involved in the hypoxic microenvironment of ectopic lesions and deficient methylation status of the PTGIS promoter. Notably, in vitro assays, hypoxia promoted PTGIS expression through DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-mediated DNA methylation deficiency in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs); PTGIS overexpression enhanced the adhesive ability of ESCs and led to elevated PGI2 production, and PGI2 triggered CD16− (encoded by FCGR3, Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIIa) natural killer (NK)-cell differentiation through PGI2 receptor (IP, PTGIR) in an ESC/NK-cell coculture system. Our rodent model experiment suggested that treatment with the PGI2 analog iloprost and adoptive transfer of fcgr3 knockout (fcgr3−/−) NK cells aggravated EMs progression and that genetic ablation of ptgis (ptgis−/−) in ectopic lesions and treatment with the PTGIR antagonist RO1138452 partially rescued this outcome. Thus, our findings identified the contribution of PGI2 to EMs progression via enhancement of the adhesive ability of ESCs and inhibition of the activity of NK cells. We hypothesized that PGI2 is a target for EMs intervention and provide a rationale for studying pharmacological PTGIR inhibition and PTGIS genetic depletion therapies as therapeutic strategies for EMs. Inhibiting the activity of a critical enzyme found overexpressed in endometriosis lesions could lead to novel therapeutics. Endometriosis affects around 10 per cent of women of reproductive age globally, yet the condition is poorly understood. Endometriosis lesions are known to be in a hypoxic, or low oxygen, state. Zhao Dong at Tongji University in Shanghai, China, and co-workers used human tissue samples and mouse models to determine the roles of a metabolite called prostacyclin (PGI2) and its catalytic enzyme (prostacyclin synthase, PTGIS) in endometriosis. PTGIS levels were significantly elevated in hypoxic endometrial cells, triggering the overproduction of PGI2. This PTGIS/PGI2 increase enhanced the adhesiveness of the cells, promoting survival of developing lesions. PGI2 overproduction also triggered abnormal differentiation of a specific group of immune cells called natural killer cells, disrupting the body’s immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lichun Weng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shating Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuhui Hou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shaoliang Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mingqing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Wang K, Gu Y, Ni J, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sun X, Xu T, Mao W, Peng B. Noncoding-RNA mediated high expression of zinc finger protein 268 suppresses clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by promoting apoptosis and regulating immune cell infiltration. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10467-10481. [PMID: 35735115 PMCID: PMC9161828 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2060787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignant kidney tumors with a poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence proves that zinc finger protein 268 (ZNF268) is associated with tumor progression, but the detailed regulatory functions of ZNF268 in ccRCC require further exploration. Thus, here we aim to characterize the role of ZNF268 in ccRCC. The clinical significance of ZNF268 was evaluated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Subsequently, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, as well as upstream noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) related to the tumor-suppressing function of ZNF268, were identified by in silico analyses. The expression of ZNF268 was significantly decreased in ccRCC samples compared with adjacent normal tissues. In addition, ZNF268 expression was negatively correlated with tumor progression and positively correlated with overall and disease-specific survival. TCGA and GTEx databases proved the potential tumor-suppressing function, which was measured both in vitro and in vivo after ZNF268 over-expression. Overexpression of ZNF268 effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and promotied apoptosis of the Caki-1. The level of ZNF268 was positively related to the immune cell infiltration in the tumor. Moreover, we determined that the AC093157.1/miR-27a-3p axis can potentially regulate ZNF268 function in ccRCC. Our work describes a novel ncRNA-mediated ZNF268 function in ccRCC. ZNF268 acts as a tumor suppressor, and it is associated with apoptosis and immune cell infiltration in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Yongzhe Gu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Houliang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Xianchao Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Tianyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Zha Bei Qu, China
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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14
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Ko MW, Kaur K, Safaei T, Chen W, Sutanto C, Wong P, Jewett A. Defective Patient NK Function Is Reversed by AJ2 Probiotic Bacteria or Addition of Allogeneic Healthy Monocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040697. [PMID: 35203349 PMCID: PMC8870139 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present the role of autologous and allogeneic monocytes from healthy individuals and those of the cancer patients, with a number of distinct cancers, in activating the function of natural killer (NK) cells, in particular, in induction of IFN-γ secretion by the NK cells and the functional capability of secreted IFN-γ in driving differentiation of the tumor cells. In addition, we compared the roles of CD16 signaling as well as sonicated probiotic bacteria AJ2 (sAJ2)-mediated induction and function of IFN-γ-mediated differentiation in tumor cells. We found that monocytes from cancer patients had lower capability to induce functional IFN-γ secretion by the autologous CD16 mAb-treated NK cells in comparison to those from healthy individuals. In addition, when patient monocytes were cultured with NK cells from healthy individuals, they had lower capability to induce functional IFN-γ secretion by the NK cells when compared to those from autologous monocyte/NK cultures from healthy individuals. Activation by sAJ2 or addition of monocytes from healthy individuals to patient NK cells increased the secretion of functional IFN-γ by the NK cells and elevated its functional capability to differentiate tumors. Monocytes from cancer patients were found to express lower CD16 receptors, providing a potential mechanism for their lack of ability to trigger secretion of functional IFN-γ. In addition to in vitro studies, we also conducted in vivo studies in which cancer patients were given oral supplementation of AJ2 and the function of NK cells were studied. Oral ingestion of AJ2 improved the secretion of IFN-γ by patient derived NK cells and resulted in the better functioning of NK cells in cancer patients. Thus, our studies indicate that for successful NK cell immunotherapy, not only the defect in NK cells but also those in monocytes should be corrected. In this regard, AJ2 probiotic bacteria may serve to provide a potential adjunct treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wei Ko
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Tahmineh Safaei
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Wuyang Chen
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Christine Sutanto
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Paul Wong
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Anahid Jewett
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
- The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-206-3970; Fax: +1-301-794-7109
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Shi J, Wu P, Sheng L, Sun W, Zhang H. Ferroptosis-related gene signature predicts the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:669. [PMID: 34906147 PMCID: PMC8670268 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer (TC), accounting for more than 80% of all cases. Ferroptosis is a novel iron-dependent and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) reliant type of cell death which is distinct from the apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. Considerable studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis is involved in the biological process of various cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis in PTC remains unclear. This study aims at exploring the expression of ferroptosis-related genes (FRG) and their prognostic values in PTC. Methods A ferroptosis-related gene signature was constructed using lasso regression analysis through the PTC datasets of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the bioinformatics functions of significantly different genes (SDG) of ferroptosis. Additionally, the correlations of ferroptosis and immune cells were assessed through the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT database. Finally, SDG were test in clinical PTC specimens and normal thyroid tissues. Results LASSO regression model was utilized to establish a novel FRG signature with 10 genes (ANGPTL7, CDKN2A, DPP4, DRD4, ISCU, PGD, SRXN1, TF, TFRC, TXNRD1) to predicts the prognosis of PTC, and the patients were separated into high-risk and low-risk groups by the risk score. The high-risk group had poorer survival than the low-risk group (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the signature's predictive capacity. Multivariate regression analysis identified the prognostic signature-based risk score was an independent prognostic indicator for PTC. The functional roles of the DEGs in the TGCA PTC cohort were explored using GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses. Immune related analysis demonstrated that the most types of immune cells and immunological function in the high-risk group were significant different with those in the low-risk group. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) verified the SDG have differences in expression between tumor tissue and normal thyroid tissue. In addition, cell experiments were conducted to observe the changes in cell morphology and expression of signature’s genes with the influence of ferroptosis induced by sorafenib. Conclusions We identified differently expressed FRG that may involve in PTC. A ferroptosis-related gene signature has significant values in predicting the patients’ prognoses and targeting ferroptosis may be an alternative for PTC’s therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02389-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Shi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Jarboe T, Tuli NY, Chakraborty S, Maniyar RR, DeSouza N, Xiu-Min Li, Moscatello A, Geliebter J, Tiwari RK. Inflammatory Components of the Thyroid Cancer Microenvironment: An Avenue for Identification of Novel Biomarkers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1350:1-31. [PMID: 34888842 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83282-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States is on the rise with an appreciably high disease recurrence rate of 20-30%. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), although rare in occurrence, is an aggressive form of cancer with limited treatment options and bleak cure rates. This chapter uses discussions of in vitro models that are representative of papillary, anaplastic, and follicular thyroid cancer to evaluate the crosstalk between specific cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which serves as a highly heterogeneous realm of signaling cascades and metabolism that are associated with tumorigenesis. The cellular constituents of the TME carry out varying characteristic immunomodulatory functions that are discussed throughout this chapter. The aforementioned cell types include cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), endothelial cells (ECs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs), as well as specific immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, T regulatory (Treg) cells, CD8+ T cells, and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAM-mediated inflammation is associated with a poor prognosis of thyroid cancer, and the molecular basis of the cellular crosstalk between macrophages and thyroid cancer cells with respect to inducing a metastatic phenotype is not yet known. The dynamic nature of the physiological transition to pathological metastatic phenotypes when establishing the TME encompasses a wide range of characteristics that are further explored within this chapter, including the roles of somatic mutations and epigenetic alterations that drive the genetic heterogeneity of cancer cells, allowing for selective advantages that aid in their proliferation. Induction of these proliferating cells is typically accomplished through inflammatory induction, whereby chronic inflammation sets up a constant physiological state of inflammatory cell recruitment. The secretions of these inflammatory cells can alter the genetic makeup of proliferating cells, which can in turn, promote tumor growth.This chapter also presents an in-depth analysis of molecular interactions within the TME, including secretory cytokines and exosomes. Since the exosomal cargo of a cell is a reflection and fingerprint of the originating parental cells, the profiling of exosomal miRNA derived from thyroid cancer cells and macrophages in the TME may serve as an important step in biomarker discovery. Identification of a distinct set of tumor suppressive miRNAs downregulated in ATC-secreted exosomes indicates their role in the regulation of tumor suppressive genes that may increase the metastatic propensity of ATC. Additionally, the high expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in studies looking at thyroid cancer and activated macrophage conditioned media suggests the existence of an inflammatory TME in thyroid cancer. New findings are suggestive of the presence of a metastatic niche in ATC tissues that is influenced by thyroid tumor microenvironment secretome-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), mediated by a reciprocal interaction between the pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and the thyroid cancer cells. Thus, targeting the metastatic thyroid carcinoma microenvironment could offer potential therapeutic benefits and should be explored further in preclinical and translational models of human metastatic thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Jarboe
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Neha Y Tuli
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachana R Maniyar
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole DeSouza
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Xiu-Min Li
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | | | - Jan Geliebter
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Raj K Tiwari
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
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17
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Cheng Q, Duan W, He S, Li C, Cao H, Liu K, Ye W, Yuan B, Xia Z. Multi-Omics Data Integration Analysis of an Immune-Related Gene Signature in LGG Patients With Epilepsy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686909. [PMID: 34336837 PMCID: PMC8322853 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor immune microenvironment significantly affects tumor occurrence, progression, and prognosis, but its impact on the prognosis of low-grade glioma (LGG) patients with epilepsy has not been reported. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore its effect on LGG patients with epilepsy. Methods The data of LGG patients derived from the TCGA database. The level of immune cell infiltration and the proportion of 22 immune cells were evaluated by ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms, respectively. The Cox and LASSO regression analysis was adopted to determine the DEGs, and further established the clustering and risk score models. The association between genomic alterations and risk score was investigated using CNV and somatic mutation data. GSVA was adopted to identify the immunological pathways, immune infiltration and inflammatory profiles related to the signature genes. The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm and GDSC database were used to predict the patient’s response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, respectively. Results The prognosis of LGG patients with epilepsy was associated with the immune score. Three prognostic DEGs (ABCC3, PDPN, and INA) were screened out. The expression of signature genes was regulated by DNA methylation. The clustering and risk score models could stratify glioma patients into distinct prognosis groups. The risk score was an independent predictor in prognosis, with a high risk-score indicating a poor prognosis, more malignant clinicopathological and genomic aberration features. The nomogram had the better predictive ability. Patients at high risk had a higher level of macrophage infiltration and increased inflammatory activities associated with T cells and macrophages. While the higher percentage of NK CD56bright cell and more active inflammatory activity associated with B cell were present in the low-risk patients. The signature genes participated in the regulation of immune-related pathways, such as IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, IFN-α response, IFN-γ response, and TNFA-signaling-via-NFKB pathways. The high-risk patients were more likely to benefit from anti-PD1 and temozolomide (TMZ) treatment. Conclusion An immune-related gene signature was established based on ABCC3, PDPN, and INA, which can be used to predict the prognosis, immune infiltration status, immunotherapy and chemotherapy response of LGG patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiwei Duan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shiqing He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Weijie Ye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiwei Xia
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
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18
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Rezaeifard S, Talei A, Shariat M, Erfani N. Tumor infiltrating NK cell (TINK) subsets and functional molecules in patients with breast cancer. Mol Immunol 2021; 136:161-167. [PMID: 34171565 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NK cells have been introduced as the main innate arm of immunity against malignancies. Recent advances introduced new subsets of, and new effector molecules on NK cells suggesting new paradigms for NK cell functions in tumor immunity. Considering these new paradigms, in the current research we investigated the frequency of tumor infiltrating NK cell (TINK) subsets and their functional molecules in breast tumor tissues by flowcytometry method. METHODS Breast tumor tissues were obtained from 32 untreated patients with breast cancer. The tissues were then minced mechanically to acquire a single cell suspension and surface-stained with monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD56, CD11b, CD27, NKG2A, NKG2D and CXCR3. For intracellular staining (ICS), the surface-stained cells were then fixed, permeabilized and stained with anti-Perforin and anti-Granzyme B antibodies. The samples were run and the data were acquired on a four-color flowcytometer. RESULTS The cell suspension derived from tumor tissue encompassed 3.10 ± 0.52 % CD3-CD56+(bright/dim) total NK cells. Based on the conventional classification the percentages of cytotoxic (CD3- CD56dim) and regulatory (CD3- CD56bright) NK cells were respectively 1.74 ± 0.24 % and 1.36 ± 0.48 %. According to the new classification the percentages of cytotoxic (CD3- CD56+ CD11b+ CD27-), regulatory (CD3-CD56+ CD11b+/- CD27+) and tolerant (CD3-CD56+ CD27- CD11b-) NK cells were respectively 0.48 ± 0.07, 1.55 ± 0.34 and 1.15 ± 0.51. A significant higher frequency of total NK cells (CD3-CD56+ (bright/dim)) in the breast tumor tissues of the patients whose tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) has not been yet involved by tumor cells (LN- patients) compared with the ones with lymph nodes involvement (LN+) (5.91 ± 1.79 % Vs. 2.20 ± 0.20 %, P < 0.004). Furthermore, NK cells with overexpressed activating receptor; NKGD2 (CD3- CD56+(bright/dim) NKG2D+ NK cells) was observed to be elevated in LN- patients compared with the LN+ ones (70.01 ± 7.96 Vs. 42.5 ± 4.81, P < 0.011). Correlation analysis revealed the percentages of conventional regulatory NK cells (CD3- CD56bright) in breast tumor tissue to be in positive correlation with the tumor size (R = 0.380, P < 0.04). The mean percentage of this cell subset was also observed to be higher in patients with T3 tumor size compared with smaller T1 tumor size (1.61 ± 0.20 % vs. 0.75 ± 0.15 %, P < 0.023. CONCLUSION Our observations suggest that accumulation of NK cells as well as the expression of activating NKG2D receptor by TINKs may play roles in breast tumor regression especially in the LN- patients. As the tumor growths and the size of tumor increases the accumulation of regulatory NK cells may facilitate the tumor improvement. These observations may have implications in cancer NK cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Rezaeifard
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolrasoul Talei
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shariat
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz Central Hospital, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Erfani
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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19
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Wang W, Li H, Zhang L, Jiang W, Shen L, Fan G. Clinical applications of monitoring immune status with 90 immune cell subsets in human whole blood by 10-color flow cytometry. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:1132-1144. [PMID: 33870648 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immune system may involve and predict the different prognosis and therapy consequences. So, it's important to monitor and evaluate the immune status before and after treatments. METHODS Flow cytometry is the best technology to perform immune monitoring, because it can detect immune cells using small amount of sample in a short time. The whole blood is the ideal sample for immune status monitoring, since it includes almost all the immune cells and it's relatively easy to obtain and less invasive than bone marrow or lymph node. RESULTS Here we developed and validated a 10-color panel with only four tubes containing 29 antibodies to monitor 90 immune cell subsets in 2 ml whole blood samples. The major immune cell populations detected by our panel included T cell subsets (CD3+ total T, Th, Tc, Treg, CD8hi , CD8low , αβTCR, γδTCR, naïve, and memory T), T cell activation markers (CD25, CD69, and HLA-DR) and one immune checkpoint PD1, B cell subsets (B1, switched memory, non-switched, naïve B, and CD27- IgD- B cells), neutrophils, basophils, four monocytic cell subsets, dendritic cells (pDCs and mDCs), and four NK cell subsets. These panels of antibodies had been applied to monitor immune status (percentage and absolute number) in total 303 cases with various diseases, such as leukemia (AML, CML, MM, and ALL), lymphoma (B cells and NK/T cells), cancers (colon, lung, prostate, and breast), immune deficiencies, and autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION We provided proof of feasibility for clinical monitoring immune status and guiding immunotherapy by multicolor flow cytometry testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Fan
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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20
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ADCC against MICA/B Is Mediated against Differentiated Oral and Pancreatic and Not Stem-Like/Poorly Differentiated Tumors by the NK Cells; Loss in Cancer Patients due to Down-Modulation of CD16 Receptor. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020239. [PMID: 33440654 PMCID: PMC7826810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells are known to upregulate major histocompatibility complex-class I chain related proteins A and B (MICA/B) expression under stress conditions or due to radiation exposure. However, it is not clear whether there are specific stages of cellular maturation in which these ligands are upregulated or whether the natural killer (NK) cells differentially target these tumors in direct cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). We used freshly isolated primary and osteoclast (OCs)-expanded NK cells to determine the degree of direct cytotoxicity or of ADCC using anti-MICA/B monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against oral stem-like/poorly-differentiated oral squamous cancer stem cells (OSCSCs) and Mia PaCa-2 (MP2) pancreatic tumors as well as their well-differentiated counterparts: namely, oral squamous carcinoma cells (OSCCs) and pancreatic PL12 tumors. By using phenotypic and functional analysis, we demonstrated that OSCSCs and MP2 tumors were primary targets of direct cytotoxicity by freshly isolated NK cells and not by ADCC mediated by anti-MICA/B mAbs, which was likely due to the lower surface expression of MICA/B. However, the inverse was seen when their MICA/B-expressing differentiated counterparts, OSCCs and PL12 tumors, were used in direct cytotoxicity and ADCC, in which there was lower direct cytotoxicity but higher ADCC mediated by the NK cells. Differentiation of the OSCSCs and MP2 tumors by NK cell-supernatants abolished the direct killing of these tumors by the NK cells while enhancing NK cell-mediated ADCC due to the increased expression of MICA/B on the surface of these tumors. We further report that both direct killing and ADCC against MICA/B expressing tumors were significantly diminished by cancer patients' NK cells. Surprisingly, OC-expanded NK cells, unlike primary interleukin-2 (IL-2) activated NK cells, were found to kill OSCCs and PL12 tumors, and under these conditions, we did not observe significant ADCC using anti-MICA/B mAbs, even though the tumors expressed a higher surface expression of MICA/B. In addition, differentiated tumor cells also expressed higher levels of surface epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and programmed death-ligand 1(PDL1) and were more susceptible to NK cell-mediated ADCC in the presence of anti-EGFR and anti-PDL1 mAbs compared to their stem-like/poorly differentiated counterparts. Overall, these results suggested the possibility of CD16 receptors mediating both direct cytotoxicity and ADCC, resulting in the competitive use of these receptors in either direct killing or ADCC, depending on the differentiation status of tumor cells and the stage of maturation and activation of NK cells.
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21
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Xie Z, Li X, He Y, Wu S, Wang S, Sun J, He Y, Lun Y, Zhang J. Immune Cell Confrontation in the Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:570604. [PMID: 33193087 PMCID: PMC7642595 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.570604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid cancer has been associated with chronic inflammation. A systematic understanding of immune cell infiltration in PTC is essential for subsequent immune research and new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Methods Three different algorithms, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), immune cell marker and CIBERSORT, were used to evaluate immune cell infiltration levels (abundance and proportion) in 10 data sets (The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA], GSE3467, GSE3678, GSE5364, GSE27155, GSE33630, GSE50901, GSE53157, GSE58545, and GSE60542; a total of 799 PTC and 194 normal thyroid samples). Consensus unsupervised clustering divided PTC patients into low-immunity and high-immunity groups. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to analyze the potential mechanisms causing differences in the immune response. Results Compared with normal tissues, PTC tissues had a higher overall immune level and higher abundance levels and proportions of M2 macrophages, Tregs, monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells (MCs), and M0 macrophages. Compared with early PTC, advanced PTC showed higher immune infiltration and higher abundance levels and proportions of M2 macrophages, Tregs, monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, MCs, and M0 macrophages. Compared to the low-immunity group, the high-immunity group exhibited more advanced stages, larger tumor sizes, greater lymph node metastases, higher tall-cell PTCs, lower follicular PTC proportions, more BRAF mutations, and fewer RAS mutations. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was the most significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway for key module genes. Conclusions In human PTC, M2 macrophages, Tregs, monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, MCs, and M0 macrophages appear to play a tumor-promoting role, while M1 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and T follicular helper (TFH) cells (including eosinophils, γδ T cells, and Th17 cells with weak supporting evidence) appear to play an antitumor role. During the occurrence and development of PTC, the overall immune level was increased, and the abundance and proportion of tumor-promoting immune cells were significantly increased, indicating that immune escape had been aggravated. Finally, we speculate that EBV may play an important role in changing the immune microenvironment of PTC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Zhang W, Shen Y, Huang H, Pan S, Jiang J, Chen W, Zhang T, Zhang C, Ni C. A Rosetta Stone for Breast Cancer: Prognostic Value and Dynamic Regulation of Neutrophil in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1779. [PMID: 32849640 PMCID: PMC7426521 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has revealed that the initiation and progression of breast cancer are greatly affected by the immune environment. Neutrophils are the most abundant leucocytes in circulation and act as the spearhead in inflammation, including in breast cancer. Circulating neutrophils are closely related to the prognosis of breast cancer patients, and tumor-infiltrating neutrophils have varied functions at different stages of breast cancer, such as antitumor or tumor-promoting neutrophils, which are termed N1 and N2 neutrophils, respectively. In this review, we will discuss the utility of circulating neutrophils for predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of their chemotaxis, the dynamic regulation of their antitumor or protumor functions and their different spatial distributions in tumor microenvironment. Finally, we also discuss the possibility of targeting neutrophils as a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Pan
- School of Medicine, Chu Kochen Honors College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuzhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Yin H, Tang Y, Guo Y, Wen S. Immune Microenvironment of Thyroid Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:4884-4896. [PMID: 32626535 PMCID: PMC7330689 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a highly heterogeneous endocrine malignancy with an increased incidence in women than in men. Previous studies regarding the pathogenesis of TC focused on the pathological changes of the tumor cells while ignoring the importance of the mesenchymal cells in tumor microenvironment. However, more recently, the stable environment provided by the interaction of thyroid cancer cells with the peri-tumoral stroma has been widely studied. Studies have shown that components of an individual's immune system are closely related to the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of TC, which may affect response to treatment and prognosis of the patients. This article presents a comprehensive review of the immune cells, secreted soluble mediators and immune checkpoints in the immune microenvironment, mechanisms that promoting TC cells immune evasion and existing immunotherapy strategies. Besides it provides new strategies for TC prognosis prediction and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Yin
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yemei Tang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shuxin Wen
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China.,General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, Guangdong, P.R. China
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24
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Veschi V, Verona F, Lo Iacono M, D'Accardo C, Porcelli G, Turdo A, Gaggianesi M, Forte S, Giuffrida D, Memeo L, Todaro M. Cancer Stem Cells in Thyroid Tumors: From the Origin to Metastasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:566. [PMID: 32982967 PMCID: PMC7477072 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid tumors are extremely heterogeneous varying from almost benign tumors with good prognosis as papillary or follicular tumors, to the undifferentiated ones with severe prognosis. Recently, several models of thyroid carcinogenesis have been described, mostly hypothesizing a major role of the thyroid cancer stem cell (TCSC) population in both cancer initiation and metastasis formation. However, the cellular origin of TCSC is still incompletely understood. Here, we review the principal epigenetic mechanisms relevant to TCSC origin and maintenance in both well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid tumors. Specifically, we describe the alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifiers, and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in TCSC survival, focusing on the potential of targeting aberrant epigenetic modifications for developing novel therapeutic approaches. Moreover, we discuss the bidirectional relationship between TCSCs and immune cells. The cells of innate and adaptive response can promote the TCSC-driven tumorigenesis, and conversely, TCSCs may favor the expansion of immune cells with protumorigenic functions. Finally, we evaluate the role of the tumor microenvironment and the complex cross-talk of chemokines, hormones, and cytokines in regulating thyroid tumor initiation, progression, and therapy refractoriness. The re-education of the stromal cells can be an effective strategy to fight thyroid cancer. Dissecting the genetic and epigenetic landscape of TCSCs and their interactions with tumor microenvironment cells is urgently needed to select more appropriate treatment and improve the outcome of patients affected by advanced differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Verona
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina D'Accardo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetana Porcelli
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Forte
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), Catania, Italy
| | - Dario Giuffrida
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), Catania, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Matilde Todaro
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25
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Jewett A, Kos J, Kaur K, Safaei T, Sutanto C, Chen W, Wong P, Namagerdi AK, Fang C, Fong Y, Ko MW. Natural Killer Cells: Diverse Functions in Tumor Immunity and Defects in Pre-neoplastic and Neoplastic Stages of Tumorigenesis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 16:41-52. [PMID: 31930165 PMCID: PMC6951836 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the key immune effectors with the ability to mediate selection and differentiation of a number of different cancer stem cells/undifferentiated tumors via lysis, and secreted or membrane-bound interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, respectively, leading to curtailment of tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we present an overview of our recent findings on the biology and significance of NK cells in selection and differentiation of stem-like tumors using in vitro and in vivo studies conducted in humanized-BLT mice and in cancer patients. In addition, we present current advances in NK cell expansion and therapeutic delivery, and discuss the utility of allogeneic supercharged NK cells in the treatment of cancer patients. Moreover, we discuss the potential loss of NK cell numbers and function at the neoplastic and pre-neoplastic stages of tumorigenesis in induction and progression of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, because of their indispensable role in targeting cancer stem-like/undifferentiated tumors, NK cells should be placed high in the armamentarium of tumor immunotherapy. A combination of allogeneic supercharged NK cells with other immunotherapeutic strategies such as oncolytic viruses, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-inducing antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, CAR NK cells, and chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic strategies can be used for the ultimate goal of tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahid Jewett
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author: Anahid Jewett, The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tahmineh Safaei
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christine Sutanto
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wuyang Chen
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul Wong
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Artin Keshishian Namagerdi
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Changge Fang
- APD-PAPD Center for NK Cell Therapy, Beijing, China
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Center for Gene Therapy, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Meng-Wei Ko
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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26
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Weber F, Junger H, Werner JM, Velez Char N, Rejas C, Schlitt HJ, Hornung M. Increased cytoplasmatic expression of cancer immune surveillance receptor CD1d in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7065-7073. [PMID: 31560833 PMCID: PMC6853836 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas are associated with rapid tumor growth, short survival time and without any promising therapy to improve the poor prognosis. In this study, expression of immunoregulative receptor CD1d and lymphocyte infiltration in different thyroid tumors as well as in healthy tissue were analyzed in order to find new targets for an immunotherapeutic approach. METHODS CD1d immunohistochemistry was performed in samples of 18 anaplastic, 17 follicular, 27 papillary, and 4 medullary thyroid carcinomas as well as in 19 specimens from normal thyroid tissue and additionally in 10 samples of sarcoma, seven malignant melanoma and three spindle-cell lung carcinoma. Furthermore, thyroid samples were stained with antibodies against CD3, CD20, CD56, CD68, and LCA in order to analyze lymphocyte infiltration. RESULTS For the first time CD1d receptor expression on normal thyroid tissue could be demonstrated. Moreover, anaplastic thyroid carcinomas showed significantly higher expression levels compared to other thyroid samples. Most astonishingly, CD1d expression disappeared from the cellular surface and was detected rather in the cytoplasm of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. In addition, histologically similar tumors to anaplastic carcinoma like sarcoma and malignant melanoma revealed distinct CD1d staining patterns. Furthermore, infiltration of T cells, B cells, and macrophages in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas was different when compared to normal thyroid tissue and all other thyroid carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas show significantly higher expression of CD1d, a receptor for NKT cells, which are subject of several anticancer therapy studies. These results may offer a novel approach to explore immunotherapeutic treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Weber
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Junger
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jens M Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Velez Char
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carolina Rejas
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans J Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hornung
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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27
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Varricchi G, Loffredo S, Marone G, Modestino L, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, de Paulis A, Antonelli A, Galdiero MR. The Immune Landscape of Thyroid Cancer in the Context of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3934. [PMID: 31412566 PMCID: PMC6720642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells play critical roles in tumor prevention as well as initiation and progression. However, immune-resistant cancer cells can evade the immune system and proceed to form tumors. The normal microenvironment (immune cells, fibroblasts, blood and lymphatic vessels, and interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM)) maintains tissue homeostasis and prevents tumor initiation. Inflammatory mediators, reactive oxygen species, cytokines, and chemokines from an altered microenvironment promote tumor growth. During the last decade, thyroid cancer, the most frequent cancer of the endocrine system, has emerged as the fifth most incident cancer in the United States (USA), and its incidence is steadily growing. Inflammation has long been associated with thyroid cancer, raising critical questions about the role of immune cells in its pathogenesis. A plethora of immune cells and their mediators are present in the thyroid cancer ecosystem. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting immune checkpoints, such as mAbs anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (anti-CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1), have revolutionized the treatment of many malignancies, but they induce thyroid dysfunction in up to 10% of patients, presumably by enhancing autoimmunity. Combination strategies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with tyrosine kinase (TK) or serine/threonine protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) inhibitors are showing considerable promise in the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer. This review illustrates how different immune cells contribute to thyroid cancer development and the rationale for the antitumor effects of ICIs in combination with BRAF/TK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Modestino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Martina Ferrari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Nishimura Y, Wake H, Teshigawara K, Wang D, Sakaguchi M, Otsuka F, Nishibori M. Histidine-rich glycoprotein augments natural killer cell function by modulating PD-1 expression via CLEC-1B. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00481. [PMID: 31143450 PMCID: PMC6531599 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Augmentation of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity is one of the greatest challenges for cancer immunotherapy. Although histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), a 75-kDa glycoprotein with various immunomodulatory activities, reportedly elicits antitumor immunity, its effect on NK cell cytotoxicity is unclear. We assessed NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 cells. We also measured concentrations of cytokines and granzyme B in the cell supernatant. The proportion of CD56bright NK cells and NK cell surface PD-1 expression was assessed with flow cytometry. The neutralizing effects of anti-C-type lectin-like receptor (CLEC) 1B against HRG were also measured. NK cell morphological changes were analyzed via confocal microscopy. HRG significantly increased NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 cell lines. HRG also increased the release of granzyme B and the proportion of CD56bright NK cells. Further, HRG was able to decrease NK cell surface PD-1 expression. The effects of HRG on NK cells were reversed with anti-CLEC-1B antibodies. Additionally, we confirmed NK cell nuclear morphology and F-actin distribution, which are involved in the regulation of cytotoxic granule secretion. Because both PD-1 and CLEC-1B are associated with prognosis during malignancy, HRG incorporates these molecules to exert the antitumor immunity role. These facts indicate the potential of HRG to be a new target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Nishimura
- Department of PharmacologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
- Department of Cell BiologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Hidenori Wake
- Department of PharmacologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Kiyoshi Teshigawara
- Department of PharmacologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Dengli Wang
- Department of PharmacologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell BiologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General MedicineOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of PharmacologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
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29
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Lee EK, Sunwoo JB. Natural Killer Cells and Thyroid Diseases. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2019; 34:132-137. [PMID: 31257741 PMCID: PMC6599908 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2019.34.2.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal production of thyroid hormone is one of the common endocrine disorders, and thyroid hormone production declines with age. The aging process also negatively affects the immune system. An interaction between endocrine system and the immune system has been proposed to be bidirectional. Emerging evidence suggests an interaction between a lymphocyte population, called natural killer (NK) cells and thyroid gland function. Here, we review the relationship between NK cells and thyroid function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John B Sunwoo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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30
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Differences of the Structure of Immune Regulatory Cell Populations between Cellular Material from Sonographically Detected Focal Thyroid Lesions and Peripheral Blood in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040918. [PMID: 30791564 PMCID: PMC6412456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal thyroid lesions are common ultrasound findings with the estimated prevalence up to 67% of the population. They form characteristically enveloped regions with individual encapsulated microenvironment that may involve the specific distribution of immune system compounds—especially antigen presenting cells (APC). We analyzed and compared the most potent APC—plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells (DCs) subpopulations and three monocyte subpopulations as well as other immune cells—in peripheral blood and local blood of thyroid gland obtained parallelly in patients with focal thyroid lesions using flow cytometry. The analysis revealed significant differences in the distribution of main subsets of assessed cells between peripheral blood and biopsy material. The results support the existence of local, organ-specific immune reaction control networks within thyroid nodules.
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31
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Yin M, Di G, Bian M. Dysfunction of natural killer cells mediated by PD-1 and Tim-3 pathway in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:333-339. [PMID: 30243069 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The survival rate of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) remains about 7% to 14%. The natural killer (NK) cells are a critical component of antitumor immunity, and their composition and function in thyroid cancer patients are investigated in this study. In healthy controls and early stage thyroid cancer patients, >90% of circulating NK cells were CD56loCD16hi and fewer than 10% were CD56hiCD16hi/lo. However, the frequency of the CD56hiCD16hi/lo NK subset was significantly higher in more advanced thyroid cancer patients and further increased in ATC patients. Two members of the inhibitory KIR family, CD158a and CD158b, was significantly higher in CD56hiCD16hi/lo NK cells than in CD56loCD16hi NK cells, while NKG2D, an activator of NK cells, was significantly lower in CD56hiCD16hi/lo NK cells than in CD56loCD16hi NK cells. We also found that the CD56hiCD16hi/lo NK cells presented higher PD-1, higher Tim-3, and lower cytotoxicity against the human ATC cell line CAL-62, than the CD56loCD16hi NK cells. The expression of exhaustion markers and reduction in cytotoxicity was further exacerbated in more advanced thyroid cancer patients and in ATC patients. Interestingly, PD-1 and Tim-3 blockade was effective at reinvigorating both the more impaired CD56hiCD16hi/lo NK cells and the less impaired CD56loCD16hi NK cells from ATC patients. Together, our study identified a dysfunction of NK cells in more advanced thyroid cancer patients and ATC patients, and presented actionable targets for future development of immunotherapies in thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gongye Di
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Bian
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
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32
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Jewett A, Kos J, Fong Y, Ko MW, Safaei T, Perišić Nanut M, Kaur K. NK cells shape pancreatic and oral tumor microenvironments; role in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:178-188. [PMID: 30081230 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have recently shown that natural killer (NK) cells select and differentiate cancer stem cells (CSCs)/undifferentiated tumors via secreted and membrane bound IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and TNF-alpha (TNF-α), preventing tumor growth and inducing remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Since many conventional therapeutic strategies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain fairly unsuccessful in treating CSCs/poorly differentiated tumors, there has been an increasing interest in NK cell-targeted immunotherapy for the treatment of aggressive tumors. In our recent studies, we used humanized-BLT (hu-BLT) mouse model with transplanted human bone marrow, liver and thymus to demonstrate the efficacy of adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded, super-charged NK cells in selection and differentiation of stem-like tumors within the context of a fully reconstituted human immune system. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that CSCs differentiated with split-anergized NK cells prior to implantation in hu-BLT mice were not able to grow or metastasize. However, when NK cell-mediated tumor differentiation was blocked by the addition of antibodies to IFN-γ and TNF-α, tumors grew and metastasized. In this review, we present current advances in NK cell expansion and therapeutic delivery, and discuss the utility of allogeneic super-charged NK cells in treatment of cancer patients. In addition, NK suppression occurs not only at the stage of overt cancer, but also at the pre-neoplastic stage. Therefore, due to the indispensable role of NK cells in targeting CSCs/undifferentiated tumors and their role in differentiation of the tumors, NK cells should be placed high in the armamentarium of tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahid Jewett
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA; Center of Gene Therapy, Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Meng-Wei Ko
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tahmineh Safaei
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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33
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Kaur K, Nanut MP, Ko MW, Safaie T, Kos J, Jewett A. Natural killer cells target and differentiate cancer stem-like cells/undifferentiated tumors: strategies to optimize their growth and expansion for effective cancer immunotherapy. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 51:170-180. [PMID: 29653339 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are known to select and differentiate cancer stem-like cells/undifferentiated tumors via lysis, and secreted/membrane bound IFN-γ and TNF-α respectively, resulting in the control of tumor growth. Several in vivo mouse models including humanized-BLT mice have been used to study the biology and significance of NK cells in selection/differentiation of stem-like tumors within the context of a reconstituted human immune system. In addition, we discuss the evidence and significance of NK cell loss at the pre-neoplastic stage. Therefore, because of their indispensable role in targeting CSCs/undifferentiated tumors, NK-cells should be placed high in the armamentarium of tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawaljit Kaur
- Division of Oral Biology and Oral Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Meng-Wei Ko
- Division of Oral Biology and Oral Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tahmineh Safaie
- Division of Oral Biology and Oral Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anahid Jewett
- Division of Oral Biology and Oral Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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34
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Lundqvist A, Kremer V. "Markers and function of human NK cells in normal and pathological conditions.". CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 92:98-99. [PMID: 28266139 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lundqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronika Kremer
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Farsaci B, Donahue RN, Grenga I, Lepone LM, Kim PS, Dempsey B, Siebert JC, Ibrahim NK, Madan RA, Heery CR, Gulley JL, Schlom J. Analyses of Pretherapy Peripheral Immunoscore and Response to Vaccine Therapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:755-65. [PMID: 27485137 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunoscore analyses, especially for primary colorectal cancer and melanoma lesions, provide valuable prognostic information. Metastatic lesions of many carcinoma types, however, are often not easily accessible. We hypothesized that immune cells in peripheral blood may differ among individual patients with metastatic disease, which, in turn, may influence their response to immunotherapy. We thus analyzed immune cell subsets within peripheral blood mononuclear cells to determine if a "peripheral immunoscore" could have any prognostic significance for patients before receiving immunotherapy. Patients with metastatic breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive docetaxel ± PANVAC vaccine. In another trial, prostate cancer patients with metastatic bone lesions were randomly assigned to receive a bone-seeking radionuclide ± PROSTVAC vaccine. Predefined analyses of "classic" immune cell types (CD4, CD8, natural killer cells, regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and ratios) revealed no differences in progression-free survival (PFS) for either arm in both trials. Predefined analyses of refined immune cell subsets for which a biologic function had been previously reported also showed no significant prognostic value in PFS for patients receiving either docetaxel or radionuclide alone; however, in patients receiving these agents in combination with vaccine, the peripheral immunoscore of refined subsets revealed statistically significant differences in PFS (P < 0.001) for breast cancer patients receiving docetaxel plus vaccine, and in prostate cancer patients receiving radionuclide plus vaccine (P = 0.004). Larger randomized studies will be required to validate these findings. These studies, however, provide the rationale for the evaluation of refined immune cell subsets to help determine which patients may benefit most from immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(9); 755-65. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Farsaci
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Italia Grenga
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lauren M Lepone
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter S Kim
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brendan Dempsey
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Nuhad K Ibrahim
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ravi A Madan
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher R Heery
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James L Gulley
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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36
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Galdiero MR, Varricchi G, Marone G. The immune network in thyroid cancer. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1168556. [PMID: 27471646 PMCID: PMC4938375 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1168556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays critical roles in tumor prevention, but also in its initiation and progression. Tumors are subjected to immunosurveillance, but cancer cells generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment that favors their escape from immune-mediated elimination. During chronic inflammation, immune cells can contribute to the formation and progression of tumors by producing mitogenic, prosurvival, proangiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors. Thyroid cancer is the most frequent type of endocrine neoplasia and is the most rapidly increasing cancer in the US. In this review, we discuss recent findings on how different immune cells and mediators can contribute to thyroid cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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37
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Gill KS, Tassone P, Hamilton J, Hjelm N, Luginbuhl A, Cognetti D, Tuluc M, Martinez-Outschoorn U, Johnson JM, Curry JM. Thyroid Cancer Metabolism: A Review. JOURNAL OF THYROID DISORDERS & THERAPY 2016; 5:200. [PMID: 27213120 PMCID: PMC4874252 DOI: 10.4172/2167-7948.1000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulation within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical to the process of tumorigenesis in various cancer types. Thyrocyte metabolism in papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancer, however, remains poorly characterized, and studies analyzing the role of multicompartment metabolism in thyrocyte oncogenesis are sparse. We present a review of the current knowledge on cellular metabolism in non-cancerous and cancerous thyroid tissues, focusing on the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT4, and on a transporter of the outer mitochondrial membrane TOMM20. Understanding the metabolic phenotype of tumor cells and associated stromal cells in thyroid cancer can have profound implications on the use of biomarker staining in detecting subclinical cancer, imaging as it relates to expression of various transport proteins, and therapeutic interventions that manipulate this dysregulated tumor metabolism to halt tumorigenesis and eradicate the cancer. Future studies are required to confirm the prognostic significance of these biomarkers and their correlation with existing staging schemas such as the AGES, AMES, ATA and MACIS scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurren S Gill
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Patrick Tassone
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - James Hamilton
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Nikolaus Hjelm
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Adam Luginbuhl
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - David Cognetti
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Madalina Tuluc
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Jennifer M Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Joseph M Curry
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
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38
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Ostapchuk YO, Cetin EA, Perfilyeva YV, Yilmaz A, Skiba YA, Chirkin AP, Omarbaeva NA, Talaeva SG, Belyaev NN, Deniz G. Peripheral blood NK cells expressing HLA-G, IL-10 and TGF-β in healthy donors and breast cancer patients. Cell Immunol 2015; 298:37-46. [PMID: 26362675 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cells are not only professional cytotoxic cells integrated into effector branch of innate immunity, but they are also regulatory cells, managing different immune processes. Immunoregulatory NK cells, expressing HLA-G and IL-10, have been generated in vitro from human hematopoietic progenitors and found in vivo among decidual NK cells of pregnant women. Human peripheral blood NK cells have been shown to acquire suppressive properties after HLA-G uptake during trogocytosis. Moreover, it has been shown that circulating NK cells contain a trace amount of cells producing TGF-β and IL-10, which exert a suppressive influence upon innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, we report on a minor subset of peripheral blood HLA-G(+) NK cells possessing suppressive activity toward effector functions of NK cells. Further we demonstrate an increased number of circulating HLA-G(+), IL-10(+), and TGF-β(+) NK cells in breast cancer patients which might impair efficiency of anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekaterina O Ostapchuk
- M.A.Aitkhozhin's Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunobiotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Esin Aktas Cetin
- Istanbul University, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Immunology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yuliya V Perfilyeva
- M.A.Aitkhozhin's Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunobiotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Abdullah Yilmaz
- Istanbul University, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Immunology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yuriy A Skiba
- M.A.Aitkhozhin's Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Genome, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexandr P Chirkin
- M.A.Aitkhozhin's Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Genome, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul A Omarbaeva
- Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Mammalogy Center, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shynar G Talaeva
- Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Mammalogy Center, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nikolai N Belyaev
- M.A.Aitkhozhin's Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunobiotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Istanbul University, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Immunology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
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39
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Visciano C, Prevete N, Liotti F, Marone G. Tumor-Associated Mast Cells in Thyroid Cancer. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:705169. [PMID: 26379707 PMCID: PMC4563106 DOI: 10.1155/2015/705169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that the tumor microenvironment plays a major role in mediating aggressive features of cancer cells, including invasive capacity and resistance to conventional and novel therapies. Among the different cell populations that infiltrate cancer stroma, mast cells (MCs) can influence several aspects of tumor biology, including tumor development and progression, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and tissue remodelling. Thyroid cancer (TC), the most frequent neoplasia of the endocrine system, is characterized by a MC infiltrate, whose density correlates with extrathyroidal extension and invasiveness. Recent evidence suggests the occurrence of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness in human TC. The precise role of immune cells and their mediators responsible for these features in TC remains unknown. Here, we review the relevance of MC-derived mediators (e.g., the chemokines CXCL1/GRO-α, CXCL10/IP-10, and CXCL8/IL-8) in the context of TC. CXCL1/GRO-α and CXCL10/IP-10 appear to be involved in the stimulation of cell proliferation, while CXCL8/IL-8 participates in the acquisition of TC malignant traits through its ability to induce/enhance the EMT and stem-like features of TC cells. The inhibition of chemokine signaling may offer novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of refractory forms of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Visciano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR, “G. Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nella Prevete
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunologic Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Liotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR, “G. Salvatore”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunologic Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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40
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Krneta T, Gillgrass A, Chew M, Ashkar AA. The breast tumor microenvironment alters the phenotype and function of natural killer cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 13:628-39. [PMID: 26277898 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells with the ability to identify and eliminate transformed cells. However, within tumors, many studies have described NK cells as non-functional. The developmental stage of tumor-associated NK cells and how this may relate to functionality has not been explored. We examined the developmental state of NK cells from polyoma middle T antigen (pyMT) transgenic mouse (MMTV-pMT) breast tumors. In pyMT tumors, NK cells were immature as evidenced by their decreased expression of DX5 and their CD27(low)CD11b(low) phenotype. These immature NK cells also had increased expression of NKG2A and expressed low levels of NKp46, perforin, and granzyme B. In contrast, splenic NK cells isolated from the same mice maintained their maturity and their expression of activation markers. To delineate whether the tumor microenvironment directly alters NK cells, we adoptively transferred labeled NK cells and followed their activation status in both the spleen and the tumor. NK cells that arrived at the tumor had half the expression of NKp46 within three days of transfer in comparison to those which arrived at the spleen. In an effort to modify the tumor microenvironment and assess the plasticity of intratumoral NK cells, we treated pyMT tumors with IL-12 and anti-TGF-β. After one week of treatment, the maturity of tumor-associated NK cells was increased; thus, indicating that these cells possess the ability to mature and become activated. A better understanding of how NK cells are modified by the tumor microenvironment will help to develop strategies aimed at bolstering immune responses against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Krneta
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center and Institute for Infectious Disease, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amy Gillgrass
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center and Institute for Infectious Disease, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marianne Chew
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center and Institute for Infectious Disease, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ali A Ashkar
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center and Institute for Infectious Disease, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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41
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Ehlers M, Schott M. Hashimoto's thyroiditis and papillary thyroid cancer: are they immunologically linked? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:656-64. [PMID: 25306886 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease in humans frequently leading to hypothyroidism. HT is characterized by a cellular immune response with lymphatic infiltration of the thyroid gland by T and B cells, as well as by a humoral immune response leading to specific antibody production. The synchronous appearance of HT and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) indicates an immunological link between the two entities. Three different pathomechanisms may be postulated, including preexisting autoimmunity leading to malignancy due to inflammation, immunity towards preexisiting tumor cells leading to specific autoimmunity, and immune tolerance leading to malignancy despite (auto)immunity. In this article we review data describing these potential mechanisms that might lead to the synchronous appearance of HT and PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margret Ehlers
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Matthias Schott
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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42
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Wennerberg E, Pfefferle A, Ekblad L, Yoshimoto Y, Kremer V, Kaminskyy VO, Juhlin CC, Höög A, Bodin I, Svjatoha V, Larsson C, Zedenius J, Wennerberg J, Lundqvist A. Human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells are sensitive to NK cell-mediated lysis via ULBP2/5/6 and chemoattract NK cells. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5733-44. [PMID: 25212604 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer with no curative therapies available. To date, strategies to target ATC by immunotherapy have not been evaluated. We investigated whether ATC would be a suitable target for natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We first established seven new cell lines from ATC tumors, three from papillary thyroid carcinoma tumors and analyzed them together with eight additional ATC cell lines. Cells were analyzed for sensitivity to lysis by NK cells and their ability to chemoattract and regulate the activity of NK cells. In addition, fresh tumor samples and peripheral blood from six patients with ATC were analyzed for NK cell infiltration and phenotype. RESULTS We observed that ATC cell lines are sensitive to lysis by ex vivo expanded NK cells and that the lysis was abrogated upon blockade of NKG2D. Sensitivity of thyroid cancer cell lines to NK cell-mediated lysis correlated with surface expression of UL16-binding protein 2 on tumor cells. Moreover, ATC cell lines produced high levels of CXCL10 and stimulated migration of expanded NK cells and ATC tumors were enriched for NK cells expressing the cognate chemokine receptor CXCR3. However, compared with NK cells in peripheral blood, ATC tumor-derived NK cells displayed a suppressed phenotype with a downregulated expression of NKG2D. In vitro, suppression of NK cell-mediated lysis and NKG2D expression by ATC cells was restored upon neutralization of prostaglandin-E2. CONCLUSIONS ATC cell lines are sensitive to NK cell-mediated lysis via ULBP2/5/6 and chemoattract CXCR3-positive NK cells. Patients with ATC may benefit from NK cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Wennerberg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aline Pfefferle
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Ekblad
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronika Kremer
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vitaliy O Kaminskyy
- Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Christofer Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Höög
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Bodin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vitalijs Svjatoha
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Zedenius
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Wennerberg
- Division of ORL/Head&Neck Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Lundqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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43
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Pusztaszeri MP, Faquin WC, Sadow PM. Tumor-Associated Inflammatory Cells in Thyroid Carcinomas. Surg Pathol Clin 2014; 7:501-14. [PMID: 26837551 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The complex interactions between immune cells and tumor cells in cancer play a major role in tumor development and subsequent patient outcomes. Different types of tumor-associated inflammatory cells (TAICs), such as dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells, have been recognized for many years in several tumors; however, the role of TAICs in cancer is still not completely understood. This review article focuses on the major types of TAICs, including their general role in cancer and, more specifically, their role and distribution in thyrocyte-derived carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc P Pusztaszeri
- Department of Pathology, Geneva University Hospital, 1 Michel-Servet St, Geneva, GE 1211, Switzerland.
| | - William C Faquin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Warren 219, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter M Sadow
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Warren 219, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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44
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer is one of the most rapidly increasing malignancies. The reasons for this increase is not completely known, but increases in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas along with the enhanced detection of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are probably all contributing factors. Although most cases of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are associated with an excellent prognosis, a small percentage of patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas as well as most patients with poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas have recurrent and/or metastatic disease that is often fatal. The cancer stem-like cell (CSC) model suggests that a small number of cells within a cancer, known as CSCs, are responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as for recurrent and metastatic disease. This review discusses current studies about thyroid CSCs, the processes of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition that provide plasticity to CSC growth, in addition to the role of microRNAs in CSC development and regulation. Understanding the biology of CSCs, EMT and the metastatic cascade should lead to the design of more rational targeted therapies for highly aggressive and fatal thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heather Hardin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ricardo V Lloyd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang, China
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45
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Nielsen N, Pascal V, Fasth AER, Sundström Y, Galsgaard ED, Ahern D, Andersen M, Baslund B, Bartels EM, Bliddal H, Feldmann M, Malmström V, Berg L, Spee P, Söderström K. Balance between activating NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp44 and NKp46 and inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptors determine natural killer degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Immunology 2014; 142:581-93. [PMID: 24673109 PMCID: PMC4107668 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and synovial hyperplasia leading to progressive joint destruction. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are central components of the aggressive, tumour-like synovial structure termed pannus, which invades the joint space and cartilage. A distinct natural killer (NK) cell subset expressing the inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptor is present in RA synovial fluid. Little is known about possible cellular interactions between RA-FLS and NK cells. We used cultured RA-FLS and the human NK cell line Nishi, of which the latter expresses an NK receptor repertoire similar to that of NK cells in RA synovial fluid, as an in vitro model system of RA-FLS/NK cell cross-talk. We show that RA-FLS express numerous ligands for both activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors, and stimulate degranulation of Nishi cells. We found that NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp46 and NKp44 are the key activating receptors involved in Nishi cell degranulation towards RA-FLS. Moreover, blockade of the interaction between CD94/NKG2A and its ligand HLA-E expressed on RA-FLS further enhanced Nishi cell degranulation in co-culture with RA-FLS. Using cultured RA-FLS and the human NK cell line Nishi as an in vitro model system of RA-FLS/NK cell cross-talk, our results suggest that cell-mediated cytotoxicity of RA-FLS may be one mechanism by which NK cells influence local joint inflammation in RA.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Cell Degranulation/immunology
- Cell Line
- Female
- Fibroblasts/immunology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/biosynthesis
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Male
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C/immunology
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C/metabolism
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D/immunology
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D/metabolism
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/immunology
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/metabolism
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1/immunology
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1/metabolism
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2/immunology
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/immunology
- Synovial Membrane/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Up-Regulation/immunology
- HLA-E Antigens
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Nielsen
- Department of Translational Immunology, Novo Nordisk A/SMåløv, Denmark
| | - Veronique Pascal
- Department of Translational Immunology, Novo Nordisk A/SMåløv, Denmark
| | - Andreas E R Fasth
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Sundström
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | | | - David Ahern
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of OxfordLondon, UK
| | - Martin Andersen
- Department of Translational Immunology, Novo Nordisk A/SMåløv, Denmark
- The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University HospitalFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bo Baslund
- Department of Rheumatology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagen, Denmark
| | - Else M Bartels
- The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University HospitalFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Henning Bliddal
- The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University HospitalFrederiksberg, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of OxfordLondon, UK
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - Louise Berg
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - Pieter Spee
- Department of Translational Immunology, Novo Nordisk A/SMåløv, Denmark
| | - Kalle Söderström
- Department of Translational Immunology, Novo Nordisk A/SMåløv, Denmark
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of OxfordLondon, UK
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Tiroiditis crónica autoinmunitaria y cáncer de tiroides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 61:299-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endonu.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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47
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Ward LS. Immune response in thyroid cancer: widening the boundaries. SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:125450. [PMID: 25328756 PMCID: PMC4190695 DOI: 10.1155/2014/125450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The association between thyroid cancer and thyroid inflammation has been repeatedly reported and highly debated in the literature. In fact, both molecular and epidemiological data suggest that these diseases are closely related and this association reinforces that the immune system is important for thyroid cancer progression. Innate immunity is the first line of defensive response. Unlike innate immune responses, adaptive responses are highly specific to the particular antigen that induced them. Both branches of the immune system may interact in antitumor immune response. Major effector cells of the immune system that directly target thyroid cancer cells include dendritic cells, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mast cells, and lymphocytes. A mixture of immune cells may infiltrate thyroid cancer microenvironment and the balance of protumor and antitumor activity of these cells may be associated with prognosis. Herein, we describe some evidences that immune response may be important for thyroid cancer progression and may help us identify more aggressive tumors, sparing the vast majority of patients from costly unnecessary invasive procedures. The future trend in thyroid cancer is an individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sterian Ward
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Barão Geraldo,
13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
- *Laura Sterian Ward:
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