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Total Lipid, Cholesterol, and Fatty Acids of Farmed Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and Wild Marine Shrimp (Penaeus brasiliensis, Penaeus schimitti, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri). J Food Compost Anal 2001. [DOI: 10.1006/jfca.2000.0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2
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Kozlova TA, Khotimchenko SV. Lipids and fatty acids of two pelagic cottoid fishes (Comephorus spp) endemic to Lake Baikal. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 126:477-85. [PMID: 11026659 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-0491(00)00207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Matured females of two Lake Baikal endemic fish species, Comephorus baicalensis and Comephorus dybowski, have been investigated for lipid of the whole body and specific tissues (liver, muscles, ovaries), phospholipid classes and fatty acids of neutral and polar lipids. Total lipid in the body (38.9% fresh weight), liver (23.5%) and muscles (14.5%) of C. baicalensis were greater than those of C. dybowski (4.7, 8.7 and 2.6%, respectively); only their ovaries were similar (5.3 and 5.6% lipid, respectively). In both species, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were the major phospholipids, ranging from 60.7 to 75.1% of total phospholipid and 14.5-25.7%, respectively. In most cases, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were the major fatty acid group in C. baicalensis, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the major group in C. dybowski. The MUFA 18:1(n-9) prevailed over other fatty acids in C. baicalensis and varied from 19% in polar lipids of muscles to 56.1% in neutral lipids of muscles. In polar lipid of C. dybowski, the PUFA 22:6(n-3) prevailed over other fatty acids in muscles and ovaries, while 16:0 dominated polar liver lipids and neutral lipids of all tissues. Other major fatty acids included 16:1(n-7), 18:1(n-7), and 20:5(n-3). Values of the (n-3)/(n-6) fatty acid ratio for neutral lipids of C. baicalensis (0.5-0.9) are well below the range of values characteristic either for marine or freshwater fish, while these values for polar lipids (1.6-1.8) are in the range typical of freshwater fish. Neutral lipid fatty acid ratios in C. dybowski (2.5-3.1) allow it to be assigned to freshwater fish, but polar lipids (2.8-3.7) leave it intermediary between freshwater and marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Kozlova
- Limnological Institute, SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia.
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Enser M, Hallett K, Hewett B, Fursey G, Wood J, Harrington G. The polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of beef and lamb liver. Meat Sci 1998; 49:321-7. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(97)00143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/1997] [Revised: 11/08/1997] [Accepted: 12/04/1997] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Kadri-Hassani N, Léger CL, Vachier I, Descomps B. Bimodal action of fatty acids on PMA-stimulated O2.- production in human adherent monocytes. JOURNAL OF LIPID MEDIATORS AND CELL SIGNALLING 1995; 11:159-73. [PMID: 7780683 DOI: 10.1016/0929-7855(94)00035-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Not only unsaturated linear fatty acids, but also saturated monomethyl-branched fatty acids (MMBFAs), are provided by food. They are capable of penetrating into the membrane lipids and promoting lipid disorder. Both NADPH oxidase and protein kinase C (PKC) are bound to cell cytoplasmic membranes and are responsive to unesterified fatty acids (UEFAs). We found that the O2.- NADPH oxidase-mediated production of human adherent monocytes was modified by unsaturated linear and saturated branched UEFAs only in the presence of phorbol myristate acetate. This result together with our inhibition data indicated an action strictly linked to PKC activity. The type and intensity of action depended on the UEFA concentrations and chain structure. Nanomolar concentrations showed potentiating effects whereas micromolar (< CMC) concentrations displayed depressant influences MMBFAs were generally more active than the other FAs. With respect to the micromolar depressant effect, oleate and linoleate were as active and docosahexaenoate nearly as active as MMBFAs. As assessed by iso-15:0 or arachidonate action, such bimodal alteration did not occur in non-adherent monocytes and neutrophils. Certain UEFAs could be considered as 'cellular' anti-oxidants on the sites of adherent-monocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kadri-Hassani
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Biochimie des Lipides, Centre de Recherche INSERM, Montpellier, France
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5
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Latyshev N, Zhukova N, Efremova S, Imbs A, Glysina O. Effect of habitat on participation of symbionts in formation of the fatty acid pool of fresh-water sponges of Lake Baikal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(92)90109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Berdyshev EV, Getmanova OE, Svetashev VI, Kubanin AA. The heptadecanoic fatty aldehyde--one of the main aldehydes of the far-eastern Bryozoa. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1992; 102:639-41. [PMID: 1499302 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(92)90060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The relative content of 16:0, 17:0 and 18:0 fatty aldehydes in the lipids of eight species of the far-eastern Bryozoa was studied. 2. Heptadecanoic aldehyde is one of the main aldehydes in the seven species investigated comprising about 30% of the sum of these main bryozoan aldehydes. 3. We suggest the unusually high relative heptadecanoic aldehyde content in the lipids of Bryozoa may be helpful in settling some problems concerning their system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Berdyshev
- Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry, Institute of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia
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7
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Bas P, Gallouin F, Morand-Fehr P. Changes in lipid content, fatty acid composition and lipoprotein lipase activity in dry goat omental adipose tissue according to tissue site. Lipids 1992; 27:470-3. [PMID: 1630280 DOI: 10.1007/bf02536391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Water and lipid contents, fatty acid distribution, and lipoprotein lipase activity were determined in 11 samples taken from the Omentum Majus of five dry Alpine goats. Samples were chosen to standardize sampling sites using geometric guide marks representative of different adipose tissue sites. Sample location explained between 20% and 30% of the total variance in water and lipid contents and in lipoprotein lipase activity, and from 5.5% to 45.4% of the total variance in fatty acid distribution. Increased sample thickness was associated with an increase in lipid content and in saturated fatty acid percentages. Samples taken in proximity of the omentum tissue attached to the rumen and abomasum had the highest content. We furthermore found that the levels of 18:2n-6, 18:1n-7, and of branched chain fatty acids were high close to a pila of the rumen which also corresponded to high lipoprotein lipase activity. Concomitant high levels of 16:1n-7, 17:1n-8, and 18:1n-9 may reflect high levels of delta 9 desaturase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bas
- Station de Nutrition et Alimentation (INRA), NA-PG, Paris, France
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8
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Svetashev V, Levin V, Cham Ngok Lam, Do Tuet Nga. Lipid and fatty acid composition of holothurians from tropical and temperate waters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(91)90242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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10
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Fatty aldehydes of the phosphatidylethanolamines of marine invertebrates. Chem Nat Compd 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00598068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Berdyshev EV. Composition of lipids, fatty acids, and aldehydes of the hydroid ?cross? medusa Conionemus vertens. Chem Nat Compd 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00597706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Miralles J, Noba K, Ba AT, Gaydou EM, Kornprobst JM. Chemotaxonomy in Nyctagynaceae family: Sterols and fatty acids from the leaves of three Boerhaavia species. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-1978(88)90047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Bannon CD, Craske JD, Norman LM. Effect of overload of capillary gas-liquid chromatographic columns on the equivalent chain lengths of C18 unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters. J Chromatogr A 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(88)90005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Biosynthesis of non-methylene-interrupted dienoic fatty acids from [14C]acetate in molluscs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(86)90351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Zhukova N, Svetashev V. Non-methylene-interrupted dienoic fatty acids in molluscs from the sea of Japan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(86)90311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Pegorier JP, Simoes-Nunes C, Duee PH, Peret J, Girard J. Effect of intragastric triglyceride administration on glucose homeostasis in newborn pigs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1985; 249:E268-75. [PMID: 3898865 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1985.249.3.e268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The fasting hypoglycemia (1.78 +/- 0.29 mmol/l) which develops in 48-h-old pigs is partially reversed (3.85 +/- 0.55 mmol/l) after gastric administration of long-chain triglycerides (LCT). The increase in blood glucose induced by LCT feeding was not secondary to a decreased glucose utilization because glucose disappearance rate increased in LCT-fed piglets but resulted from a twofold increase in glucose appearance. By using the crossover-plot technique, the stimulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis induced by LCT feeding has been localized at 1) the level of pyruvate carboxylase owing to the twofold increase in hepatic acetyl-CoA concentration and 2) the level of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase secondary to the increase in reducing equivalents (NADH), which displaces this equilibrium reaction in the direction of gluconeogenesis. As blood lactate, pyruvate, and alanine concentrations increased after LCT feeding, the possible effects of LCT on pyruvate dehydrogenase in peripheral tissues are discussed. These data demonstrate that fatty acids stimulate hepatic gluconeogenesis in 48-h-old fasting piglets and underline the role of fat provision in the regulation of glucose homeostasis during the neonatal period in the pig.
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Seasonal variations in the fatty acids of the triacylglycerols and phospholipids of two populations of adult clam (Tapes decussatus L. and T. philippinarum) reared in a common habitat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(85)90372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Peyronel D, Artaud J, Iatrides MC, Rancurel P, Chevalier JL. Fatty acid and squalene compositions of Mediterranean Centrophorus SPP egg and liver oils in relation to age. Lipids 1984; 19:643-8. [PMID: 6503627 DOI: 10.1007/bf02534523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The liver oil content of seven Mediterranean Centrophorus spp. were studied together with the oil of one unfertilized egg and one yolk bag. The relative weight of the liver ranges from 15 to 29% of total body weight; 63 to 89% of the liver weight is oil. Squalene, the major component (49-89% in oil) of the unsaponifiable fraction, is directly quantified by GLC following TLC separation. The squalene level increases with the age of the animals. More than 50 fatty acid species were identified. Among them, the most abundant are: 16:0 (22-27%), 18:1 omega 9 (21-36%) and 22:6 omega 3 (2-18%). The level of omega 3-fatty acids, essential in the fishes, shows a maximum in the egg (26%), decreases to a minimum in the young (5%) and stabilizes to an intermediate level in the adult (12%).
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Frémont L, Léger C, Petridou B, Gozzelino MT. Effects of a (n−3) polyunsaturated fatty acid-deficient diet on profiles of serum vitellogenin and lipoprotein in vitellogenic trout (Salmo gairdneri). Lipids 1984; 19:522-8. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02534485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/1983] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Dorris GM, Douek M, Allen LH. Operating variables in the analysis of tall oil acids by capillary gas chromatography. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02636150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Dorris
- ; Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada; 570 St. John’s Blvd. Pointe Claire Quebec H9R 3J9 Canada
| | - M. Douek
- ; Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada; 570 St. John’s Blvd. Pointe Claire Quebec H9R 3J9 Canada
| | - L. H. Allen
- ; Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada; 570 St. John’s Blvd. Pointe Claire Quebec H9R 3J9 Canada
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21
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Gaydou EM, Bianchini DJP, Ralaimanarivo A. Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids in Malagasy baobab: Adansonia grandidieri (Bombacaceae) Seed Oil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19820841204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Ralaimanarivo A, Gaydou EM, Bianchini JP. Fatty acid composition of seed oils from sixAdansonia species with particular reference to cyclopropane and cyclopropene acids. Lipids 1982; 17:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02535115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/1981] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fremont L, Marion D. A comparison of the lipoprotein profiles in male trout (Salmo gairdneri) before maturity and during spermiation. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 73:849-55. [PMID: 7151424 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(82)90328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
1. The distribution and concentration of blood lipoproteins were determined in three groups of male rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) each, fed the same diet and reared at a temperature of 17-18 degrees C. 2. The three groups (A, B and C) differed as to age (A and B were 1 yr old, while C was 3 yr old) and to degree of sexual maturity (A was sexually immature, while B and C were in spermiation). 3. Total serum lipoprotein levels reached high values in A, B and C (1900, 2400 and 1500 mg/100 ml. respectively) but their distribution depended largely on the degree of sexual maturity of the fish. 4. Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) were predominant in juvenile trout, whereas high density lipoproteins (HDL) accounted for more than 50% of the total lipoproteins in spermiating trout. 5. In the latter class of lipoproteins, the phospholipid comprised 70% of the total lipid. 6. Essential 22:6 (n-3) was the main polyunsaturated fatty acid in all the lipid fractions of each of the lipoprotein classes; it was found in higher percentages in structural lipid, phospholipid and cholesterol ester, comprising between 35 and 40% of the total fatty acids. 7. These findings support the hypothesis that the production and utilization of lipoproteins in trout are related to the annual formation of gonadal tissue. The lipoproteins might be vehicles for cholesterol and essential fatty acid 22:6 (n-3), incorporated into gonadal tissue during gametogenesis.
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Ramananarivo R, Artaud J, Estienne J, Peiffer G, Gaydou EM. Study on neutral lipid composition of malagasy zebu fats: I. Quantitative analysis of fatty acids and sterols. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1981. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02679321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ramananarivo
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Marseille; rue des Géraniums 13 337 Marseille Cedex 3
| | - J. Artaud
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Marseille; rue des Géraniums 13 337 Marseille Cedex 3
| | - J. Estienne
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Marseille; rue des Géraniums 13 337 Marseille Cedex 3
| | - G. Peiffer
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Marseille; rue des Géraniums 13 337 Marseille Cedex 3
| | - E. M. Gaydou
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Marseille; rue des Géraniums 13 337 Marseille Cedex 3
- Laboratoire des Organo Phosphores; Université de Droit, d’Economie et des Sciences; rue Henri Poincaré 13 397 Marseille Cedex 4 France
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Effect of different levels of dietary fats upon the positional distribution of fatty acids in rat body triacylglycerols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(81)90063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Fatty acid composition of lipids in the trout—I. Influence of dietary fatty acids on the triglyceride fatty acid desaturation in serum, adipose tissue, liver, white and red muscle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(81)90215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Standard wall-coated open-tubular columns for fatty acid analyses: Is flexible fused silica the answer? Prog Lipid Res 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0163-7827(81)90143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Bianchini JP, Gaydou EM, Rabarisoa I. Fatty Acid and Sterol Composition of the Seed Oils of Moringa hildebrantii, Brochoneura freneei and Strychnos spinosa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19810830806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Kobayashi T. Gas-liquid chromatographic separation of geometric isomers of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters using a glass capillary column. J Chromatogr A 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)81431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bauchart D, Aurousseau B. Preparation of heptadecenoic acid fromCandida tropicallisyeast. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02678820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Bauchart
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme Energétique; I.N.R.A.-C.R.Z.V.-THEIX; 63110 Beaumont France
| | - B. Aurousseau
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme Energétique; I.N.R.A.-C.R.Z.V.-THEIX; 63110 Beaumont France
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Comparative study of milk fatty acids in germ-free and conventional mice (Mus musculus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(80)90016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Leger C, Gatesoupe FJ, Metailler R, Luquet P, Fremont L. Effect of dietary fatty acids differing by chain lengths and omega series on the growth and lipid composition of turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1979; 64:345-50. [PMID: 318314 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(79)90280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1. A previous paper (Gatesoupe et al., 1977) showed that turbot had a specific requirement for omega 3HPUFA since equivalent dietary amounts of 18:3 omega 3 or omega 3HPUFA (0.55% of the diet) did not lead to the same growth performances. 2. In the present paper, we demonstrated that fish given a high level of dietary 18:3 omega 3 (3.7% of the diet), without omega 3HPUFA, presented better growth than those offered a lower level of 18:3 omega 3, and almost the same performances as fish receiving 0.57% omega 3HPUFA. 3. This suggested that turbot, like trout, might be able to use the 18:3 omega 3 as a precursor of the omega 3 series. Furthermore, according to the present relatively short-term experiment, elongation-desaturation reactions of the omega 3FA did not appear to be reduced with low dietary omega 3FA levels. 4. On the other hand, these types of reactions seemed to be totally missing with the 18:2 omega 6. Thus, it may be assumed that there was no direct relationship between growth and omega 3 elongating-desaturating activities, and that omega 3 lowering fish body content was not the cause, or at least not the only cause, of poor growth in long-term experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Leger
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de Recherches Zootechniques, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Demarne Y, Epo N, Lecourtier MJ, Flanzy J. Effects of two different medium-chain triglycerides (tri C8:O and tri C12:O) on liver lipids in the growing rat. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1978; 86:271-6. [PMID: 80984 DOI: 10.3109/13813457809069904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Results presented in this study emphasize the long-term effects of dietary fatty acid chain length on some biochemical parameters of the liver in the growing rat. High levels of medium-chain fatty acids feeding (C8:O and C12:O) from 40 to 340 g of body weight induced liver growth and lipid contents intermediary between values recorded with a lipid-free diet and with a diet containing long-chain fatty acids. No steatosis was recorded but neutral lipid contents appeared to be correlated with the dietary fatty acid chain length while phospholipid contents remained much more stable. In the four tested nutritional conditions, only dodecanoïc or lauric acid (C12:O) feeding induced important alterations in the fatty acid pattern of liver neutral lipids. Medium-chain fatty acids, and even lauric acid which was intensely esterified in adipose tissue triglycerides, did not appreciably modify the fatty acid composition of liver phospholipids and were not esterified in it.
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37
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Murata T. Analysis of fatty acid methyl esters by a gas—liquid chromatography—chemical ionization mass spectrometry computer system. J Lipid Res 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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38
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Demarne Y, Epo N, Flanzy J, Lecourtier MJ. Comparison of long term lipogenic effects of two different medium-chain triglycerides (tri C8: O and tri C12 : O) in the growing rat. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1978; 86:25-35. [PMID: 80196 DOI: 10.3109/13813457809069881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the growth (35 g-340 g), and as compared to results obtained with a lipid-free diet or a diet containing long-chain fatty acids, high levels of Tri C8 : O or Tri C12 : O did not change the quantitative aspects of proteinogenesis and lipogenesis balances. The incorporation of Tri C8 : O into the diet did not change the fatty acid composition of body lipid stores while the incorporation of Tri C12 : O induced a lipogenesis characterized by the disappearance of about 50% of the n-9 and n-7 unsaturated fatty acids, the emergence of an equivalent amount of saturated fatty acids in C12 and C14, and the decrease of hexadecanoic or palmitic acid concentration. Titers of saturated fatty acids with a melting point higher than 40 degrees C increased from 34% to 64%. Results suggested an efficient inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis de novo by C12 : O, associated with an impossibility for microsomal enzymes to assume the elongation of a sufficient amount of C12 : O to maintain C16 : O concentration and to furnish an important amount of substrate (C18 : O) to delta-9-stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase for oleic acid synthesis. Introducing dodecanoic acid into the diet of growing animals appears to be the most efficient method for increasing the degree of saturation of body lipids without changing the concentrations of long-chain saturated fatty acids.
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Demarne Y, Lhuillery C, Pihet J, Martinet L, Flanzy J. Comparative study of triacylglycerol fatty acids in milk from two Leporidae species: rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and hare (Lepus europaeus). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1978; 61:223-6. [PMID: 318371 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(78)90165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1. Fatty-acid composition of hare milk triacylglycerols markedly differed from that of rabbit milk and was essentially characterized by a 2.1 times lower concentration of medium-chain fatty-acids (M.C.F.A.). 2. Consequently, very high levels (greater than 70 moles %) of M.C.F.A., previously reported for rabbit milk, cannot be considered as a general characteristic of the Leporidae. 3. General tendencies recorded for intramolecular fatty acid distribution in hare milk triacylglycerols agreed with those reported for other animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Demarne
- Station de Recherches de Nutrition, I.N.R.A.-C.N.R.Z., Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Ackman RG, Eaton CA. Some Contemporary Applications of Open-Tubular Gas-Liquid Chromatography in Analyses of Methyl Esters of Longer-Chain Fatty Acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19780800104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Christie WW. The composition, structure and function of lipids in the tissues of ruminant animals. Prog Lipid Res 1978; 17:111-205. [PMID: 390540 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6832(78)90007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Leger C, Bergot P, Luquet P, Flanzy J, Meurot J. Specific distribution of fatty acids in the triglycerides of rainbow trout adipose tissue. Influence of temperature. Lipids 1977; 12:538-43. [PMID: 895401 DOI: 10.1007/bf02533378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the trout, the unsaturated fatty acids are preferentially located in the beta-position and the saturated fatty acids in the alpha-position of triglycerides. This fatty acid distribution is retained even with diets containing lard. The fish are, therefore, able to modify completely the fatty acid distribution of dietary triglycerides. There is no retention of the beta-monoglyceride structure during the biosynthetic processes. However, the modification of the dietary fatty acid distribution by the trout seems to be more difficult at 18C than at 10C.
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