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Li Y, Feng Q, Wang L, Gao X, Xi Y, Ye L, Ji J, Yang X, Zhai G. Current targeting strategies and advanced nanoplatforms for atherosclerosis therapy. J Drug Target 2024; 32:128-147. [PMID: 38217526 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2300694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of death worldwide, and it is closely related to many cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, myocardial infraction and angina. Although traditional surgical and pharmacological interventions can effectively retard or slow down the progression of atherosclerosis, it is very difficult to prevent or even reverse this disease. In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, various nanoagents have been designed and applied to different diseases including atherosclerosis. The unique atherosclerotic microenvironment with signature biological components allows nanoplatforms to distinguish atherosclerotic lesions from normal tissue and to approach plaques specifically. Based on the process of atherosclerotic plaque formation, this review summarises the nanodrug delivery strategies for atherosclerotic therapy, trying to provide help for researchers to understand the existing atherosclerosis management approaches as well as challenges and to reasonably design anti-atherosclerotic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qixiang Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Luyue Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xi Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Shokri N, Ghasempour G, Soleimani AA, Elahimanesh M, Najafi M. NF-kB affects migration of vascular smooth muscle cells after treatment with heparin and ibrutinib. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101685. [PMID: 38524279 PMCID: PMC10957380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is one of the most important events in the remodeling of atherosclerosis plaque. The aim of study was to investigate the role of Heparin in the VSMC migration and its association with the NF-kB, collagen 1 and collagen 3 expression levels. Moreover, the incorporation of Heparin was studied in the VSMC cultures including Betulinic acid and Ibrutinib. Twelve cell groups were cultured and treated with the Heparin, Betulinic acid and Ibrutinib based on the viability and toxicity in 24-h and 48-h periods. The gene and protein expression levels were measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting techniques. The VSMC migration was determined by scratch test. In contrast with Ibrutinib (2 μM), Heparin (30 IU) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the NF-kB gene and protein expression levels and the VSMC migration during the exposure periods. Heparin (15 IU and 30 IU) also increased the collagen 1 gene expression level in the 48-h period while Heparin (5 IU and 15 IU) increased the collagen 3 gene expression levels in both periods. Incorporating Heparin into the cultures including Betulinic acid and Ibrutinib affected the collagen 1 and collagen 3 expression levels. The data suggested that the cell migration relates to NF-kB in the VSMCs treated with Heparin and Ibrutinib. Furthermore, the Heparin doses (5 IU and 15 IU) were safe for VSMCs based on the NF-kB, and collagen 3 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Shokri
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghasempour
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illnosis, USA
| | - Ali Akbar Soleimani
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Elahimanesh
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lin J, Gu M, Wang X, Chen Y, Chau NV, Li J, Chu Q, Qing L, Wu W. Huanglian Jiedu decoction inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell-derived foam cell formation by activating autophagy via suppressing P2RY12. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118125. [PMID: 38561055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HLJDD) is a Chinese medicine with a long history of therapeutic application. It is widely used in treating atherosclerosis (AS) in Chinese medicine theory and clinical practice. However, the mechanism of HLJDD in treating AS remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of HLJDD in treating AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS AS was induced on high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice, with the aorta pathological changes evaluated with lipid content and plaque progression. In vitro, foam cells were induced by subjecting primary mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to oxLDL incubation. After HLJDD intervention, VSMCs were assessed with lipid stack, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the expression of foam cell markers. The effects of P2RY12 were tested by adopting clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (CDL) in vivo and transfecting P2RY12 over-expressive plasmid in vitro. Autophagy was inhibited by Chloroquine or transfecting siRNA targeting ATG7 (siATG7). The mechanism of HLJDD treating atherosclerosis was explored using network pharmacology and validated with molecular docking and co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS HLJDD exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in lipid deposition, collagen loss, and necrosis within plaques. It also reversed lipid accumulation and down-regulated the expression of foam cell markers. P2RY12 inhibition alleviated AS, while P2RY12 overexpression enhanced foam cell formation and blocked the therapeutic effects of HLJDD. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that HLJDD might mediate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-induced autophagy. P2RY12 overexpression also impaired autophagy. Similarly, inhibiting autophagy counteracted the effect of CDL, exacerbated AS in vivo, and promoted foam cell formation in vitro. However, HLJDD treatment mitigated these detrimental effects by suppressing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Immunofluorescence and molecular docking revealed a high affinity between P2RY12 and PIK3CB, while co-immunoprecipitation assays illustrated their interaction. CONCLUSIONS HLJDD inhibited AS in vivo and foam cell formation in vitro by restoring P2RY12/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-suppressed autophagy. This study is the first to reveal an interaction between P2RY12 and PI3K3CB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mingyang Gu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Qinchengda Community Health Service Center, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, No. 225, Block 10A, Qinchengda Yueyuan Commercial and Residential Building, Shenzhen, 518100, Guangdong, China.
| | - Nhi Van Chau
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China; Traditional Medicine Department, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Khanh, Ninh Kieu, Can Tho, 94000, Viet Nam.
| | - Junlong Li
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qingmin Chu
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lijin Qing
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
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Huang R, Sun Y, Liu R, Zhu B, Zhang H, Wu H. ZeXieYin formula alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in APOE-/- mice to attenuate vascular inflammation and increase plaque stability. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117969. [PMID: 38437888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zexieyin formula (ZXYF), a traditional Chinese herbal formula recorded in the Huangdi Neijing to have efficacy in relieving spleen dampness and heat accumulation syndrome, which is also the key pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). The efficacy has demonstrated by our previous studies. However, the intrinsic mechanism of ZXYF for treating vascular inflammation and the effect of inflammatory response on plaque are not known. Currently, plaque stabilization is crucial for the prognosis of AS. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study mainly focused on the therapeutic effects of ZXYF on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced vascular inflammation and vulnerable plaques (VP) in mice and explored its underlying mechanism. METHODS AND MATERIALS Male apolipoprotein E knockout (APOE-/-) mice were fed HFD for 8 weeks to establish a VP model. During this period, the mice were also administered ZXYF, while atorvastatin (ATO) was used as a positive control. Aortic plaque area and morphology were detected by oil red staining and HE staining. Aortic plaque collagen content was detected by Masson staining. M1/M2 type macrophages were detected using immunofluorescence (IF). The study analyzed the levels of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6), MAPK/NF-κB pathway proteins, and NLRP3 inflammasomes (NLRP3, Caspase-1) using Western blot. Additionally, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the aorta were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The plaque instability index was calculated for each group using the vulnerable plaque formula. RESULTS In this study, APOE-/- mice were fed high-fat diet for 8 weeks. The results of oil-red and HE staining indicated a significant increase in the aortic plaque area of the mice, which exhibited a typical VP phenotype. ZXYF and ATO significantly improved AS plaques and prevented plaque rupture. HFD exacerbated vascular inflammation, stimulated macrophage conversion to M1-type through the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, and released pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1α, and IL-6. These factors activated NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to cellular death. However, ZXYF could reverse this trend and promote the conversion of macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 type. The anti-inflammatory effect of ATO was not significant. Moreover, HFD promoted the release of MMP-2 and MMP-9 from macrophages, which degraded plaque collagen, and induced a decrease in plaque SMC content, resulting in a thinning of the plaque fibrous cap. In contrast, ZXYF inhibited the decomposition of plaque collagen and increased the content of plaque smooth muscle cells (SMC) by reducing macrophage secretion of MMPs, thereby stabilizing plaques. Although ATO could reverse the decrease in plaque collagen and SMC content, its effect on MMPs was not significant. Finally, we calculated the vulnerability index to assess the overall risk of the plaque vulnerability phenotype. In line with these findings, ZXYF and ATO were able to effectively reverse the increase in the vulnerability index caused by HFD and lower the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that ZXYF could reduce inflammation and increase plaque stability by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provided a theoretical basis for clinical application and subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; National Famous Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio (Meng Jingchun), Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; National Famous Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio (Meng Jingchun), Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Liu
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Boran Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; National Famous Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio (Meng Jingchun), Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Haoxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; National Famous Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio (Meng Jingchun), Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Arévalo-Martinez M, Ede J, van der Have O, Ritsvall O, Zetterberg FR, Nilsson UJ, Leffler H, Holmberg J, Albinsson S. Myocardin related transcription factor and galectin-3 drives lipid accumulation in human blood vessels. Vascul Pharmacol 2024:107383. [PMID: 38830455 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes and hypertension are important risk factors for vascular disease, including atherosclerosis. A driving factor in this process is lipid accumulation in smooth muscle cells of the vascular wall. The glucose- and mechano-sensitive transcriptional coactivator, myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A/MKL1) can promote lipid accumulation in cultured human smooth muscle cells and contribute to the formation of smooth muscle-derived foam cells. The purpose of this study was to determine if intact human blood vessels ex vivo can be used to evaluate lipid accumulation in the vascular wall, and if this process is dependent on MRTF and/or galectin-3/LGALS3. Galectin-3 is an early marker of smooth muscle transdifferentiation and a potential mediator for foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Human mammary arteries and saphenous veins were exposed to altered cholesterol and glucose levels in an organ culture model. Accumulation of lipids, quantified by Oil Red O, was increased by cholesterol loading and elevated glucose concentrations. Pharmacological inhibition of MRTF with CCG-203971 decreased lipid accumulation, whereas adenoviral-mediated overexpression of MRTF-A had the opposite effect. Cholesterol-induced expression of galectin-3 was decreased after inhibition of MRTF. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of galectin-3 with GB1107 reduced lipid accumulation in the vascular wall after cholesterol loading. CONCLUSION Ex vivo organ culture of human arteries and veins can be used to evaluate lipid accumulation in the intact vascular wall, as well as adenoviral transduction and pharmacological inhibition. Although MRTF and galectin-3 may have beneficial, anti-inflammatory effects under certain circumstances, our results, which demonstrate a significant decrease in lipid accumulation, support further evaluation of MRTF- and galectin-3-inhibitors for therapeutic intervention against atherosclerotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marycarmen Arévalo-Martinez
- Molecular Vascular Physiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob Ede
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oscar van der Have
- Vessel Wall Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olivia Ritsvall
- Molecular Vascular Physiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik R Zetterberg
- Galecto Biotech AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8 A, SE-413 46 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Galecto Biotech AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8 A, SE-413 46 Lund, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Holmberg
- Molecular Vascular Physiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Albinsson
- Molecular Vascular Physiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D12, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Chen X, Cao Y, Guo Y, Liu J, Ye X, Li H, Zhang L, Feng W, Xian S, Yang Z, Wang L, Wang T. microRNA-125b-1-3p mediates autophagy via the RRAGD/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway and mitigates atherosclerosis progression. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111136. [PMID: 38471617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterised by lipid accumulation and formation of foam cells in arterial walls. Dysregulated autophagy is a crucial factor in atherosclerosis development. The significance of microRNA (miR)-125b-1-3p in cardiovascular disease is well-established; however, its precise role in regulating autophagy and impact on atherosclerosis in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain unclear. Here, we observed reduced autophagic activity and decreased miR-125b expression during atherosclerosis progression. miR-125b-1-3p overexpression significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque development in mice; it also led to decreased lipid uptake and deposition in VSMCs, enhanced autophagy, and suppression of smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes in-vitro. An interaction between miR-125b-1-3p and the RRAGD/mTOR/ULK1 pathway was revealed, elucidating its role in promoting autophagy. Therefore, miR-125b-1-3p plays a pivotal role in enhancing autophagic processes, inhibiting foam cell formation in VSMCs and mitigating atherosclerosis progression, partly through RRAGD/mTOR/ULK1 signaling axis modulation. Thus, miR-125b-1-3p is a promising target for preventive and therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Cao
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yining Guo
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwei Feng
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxiang Xian
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Yang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Qin X, Zhu L, Zhong Y, Wang Y, Luo X, Li J, Yan F, Wu G, Qiu J, Wang G, Qu K, Zhang K, Wu W. Universal cell membrane camouflaged nano-prodrugs with right-side-out orientation adapting for positive pathological vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7524-7544. [PMID: 38784734 PMCID: PMC11110172 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00761a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A right-side-out orientated self-assembly of cell membrane-camouflaged nanotherapeutics is crucial for ensuring their biological functionality inherited from the source cells. In this study, a universal and spontaneous right-side-out coupling-driven ROS-responsive nanotherapeutic approach, based on the intrinsic affinity between phosphatidylserine (PS) on the inner leaflet and PS-targeted peptide modified nanoparticles, has been developed to target foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques. Considering the increased osteopontin (OPN) secretion from foam cells in plaques, a bioengineered cell membrane (OEM) with an overexpression of integrin α9β1 is integrated with ROS-cleavable prodrugs, OEM-coated ETBNPs (OEM-ETBNPs), to enhance targeted drug delivery and on-demand drug release in the local lesion of atherosclerosis. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results confirm that OEM-ETBNPs are able to inhibit cellular lipid uptake and simultaneously promote intracellular lipid efflux, regulating the positive cellular phenotypic conversion. This finding offers a versatile platform for the biomedical applications of universal cell membrane camouflaging biomimetic nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing 404000 China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University Chongqing 404010 China
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Xiaoshan Luo
- Guizhou Information Engineering University Bijie 551700 China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing 404000 China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University Chongqing 404010 China
| | - Fei Yan
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing 404000 China
| | - Guicheng Wu
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing 404000 China
| | - Juhui Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
- JinFeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329 China
| | - Kai Qu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing 404000 China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University Chongqing 404010 China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing 404000 China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University Chongqing 404010 China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
- JinFeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329 China
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8
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Poznyak AV, Yakovlev AA, Popov MА, Zhigmitova EB, Sukhorukov VN, Orekhov AN. Atherosclerosis originating from childhood: Specific features. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:233-240. [PMID: 38777340 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is extremely widespread. Traditionally, it is considered a disease of older people, who most often experience problems with the heart and blood vessels. While much attention from the scientific community has been paid to studying the association between aging and atherosclerosis, as well as its consequences, there is evidence that atherosclerosis occurs at an early age. Atherosclerosis may form both during intrauterine development and in childhood. Nutrition plays an important role in childhood atherosclerosis, along with previous infectious diseases and excess weight of both the child and the mother. In the present review, we examined the development of atherosclerosis and the prerequisites in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey A Yakovlev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 109240, Russia
| | - Mikhail А Popov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow 129110, Russia
| | - Elena B Zhigmitova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
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Brown SD, Klimi E, Bakker WAM, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Non-coding RNAs to treat vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38773733 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) dysfunction is a critical contributor to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, restenosis and vein graft failure. Recent advances have unveiled a fascinating range of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in regulating vSMC function. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms underlying vSMC dysfunction and the therapeutic potential of various ncRNAs in mitigating this dysfunction, either preventing or reversing it. We explore the intricate interplay of microRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, shedding light on their roles in regulating key signalling pathways associated with vSMC dysfunction. We also discuss the prospects and challenges associated with developing ncRNA-based therapies for this prevalent type of cardiovascular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Brown
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eftychia Klimi
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Nagar N, Naidu G, Panda SK, Gulati K, Singh RP, Poluri KM. Elucidating the role of chemokines in inflammaging associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111944. [PMID: 38782074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Age-related inflammation or inflammaging is a critical deciding factor of physiological homeostasis during aging. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are exquisitely associated with aging and inflammation and are one of the leading causes of high mortality in the elderly population. Inflammaging comprises dysregulation of crosstalk between the vascular and cardiac tissues that deteriorates the vasculature network leading to development of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic-associated CVDs in elderly populations. Leukocyte differentiation, migration and recruitment holds a crucial position in both inflammaging and atherosclerotic CVDs through relaying the activity of an intricate network of inflammation-associated protein-protein interactions. Among these interactions, small immunoproteins such as chemokines play a major role in the progression of inflammaging and atherosclerosis. Chemokines are actively involved in lymphocyte migration and severe inflammatory response at the site of injury. They relay their functions via chemokine-G protein-coupled receptors-glycosaminoglycan signaling axis and is a principal part for the detection of age-related atherosclerosis and related CVDs. This review focuses on highlighting the detailed intricacies of the effects of chemokine-receptor interaction and chemokine oligomerization on lymphocyte recruitment and its evident role in clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and related CVDs. Further, the role of chemokine mediated signaling for formulating next-generation therapeutics against atherosclerosis has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Goutami Naidu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Khushboo Gulati
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gujarat International Finance Tec-City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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11
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Peng Z, Kan Q, Wang K, Deng T, Wang S, Wu R, Yao C. Deciphering smooth muscle cell heterogeneity in atherosclerotic plaques and constructing model: a multi-omics approach with focus on KLF15/IGFBP4 axis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:490. [PMID: 38760675 PMCID: PMC11102212 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruptured atherosclerotic plaques often precipitate severe ischemic events, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Unraveling the intricate molecular mechanisms governing vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behavior in plaque stabilization remains a formidable challenge. METHODS In this study, we leveraged single-cell and transcriptomic datasets from atherosclerotic plaques retrieved from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Employing a combination of single-cell population differential analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and transcriptome differential analysis techniques, we identified specific genes steering the transformation of VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaques. Diagnostic models were developed and validated through gene intersection, utilizing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF) methods. Nomograms for plaque assessment were constructed. Tissue localization and expression validation were performed on specimens from animal models, utilizing immunofluorescence co-localization, western blot, and reverse-transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Various online databases were harnessed to predict transcription factors (TFs) and their interacting compounds, with determination of the cell-specific localization of TF expression using single-cell data. RESULTS Following rigorous quality control procedures, we obtained a total of 40,953 cells, with 6,261 representing VSMCs. The VSMC population was subsequently clustered into 5 distinct subpopulations. Analyzing inter-subpopulation cellular communication, we focused on the SMC2 and SMC5 subpopulations. Single-cell subpopulation and WGCNA analyses revealed significant module enrichments, notably in collagen-containing extracellular matrix and cell-substrate junctions. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP4), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and cathepsin C (CTSC) were identified as potential diagnostic markers for early and advanced plaques. Notably, gene expression pattern analysis suggested that IGFBP4 might serve as a protective gene, a hypothesis validated through tissue localization and expression analysis. Finally, we predicted TFs capable of binding to IGFBP4, with Krüppel-like family 15 (KLF15) emerging as a prominent candidate showing relative specificity within smooth muscle cells. Predictions about compounds associated with affecting KLF15 expression were also made. CONCLUSION Our study established a plaque diagnostic and assessment model and analyzed the molecular interaction mechanisms of smooth muscle cells within plaques. Further analysis revealed that the transcription factor KLF15 may regulate the biological behaviors of smooth muscle cells through the KLF15/IGFBP4 axis, thereby influencing the stability of advanced plaques via modulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. This could potentially serve as a target for plaque stability assessment and therapy, thus driving advancements in the management and treatment of atherosclerotic plaques.
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MESH Headings
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Animals
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4/metabolism
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4/genetics
- Humans
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Transcriptome
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Male
- Multiomics
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanli Peng
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qinghui Kan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kangjie Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tang Deng
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shenming Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ridong Wu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Chen Yao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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12
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Trinh J, Shin J, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Targeting Oncostatin M Receptor to Attenuate Carotid Artery Plaque Vulnerability in Hypercholesterolemic Microswine. CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2024; 8:206-214. [PMID: 38817407 PMCID: PMC11138392 DOI: 10.26502/fccm.92920380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to acute embolism via the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Plaque formation is first induced by fatty deposition along the arterial intima. Inflammation, bacterial infection, and the released endotoxins can lead to dysfunction and phenotypic changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), advancing the plaque from stable to unstable form and prone to rupture. Stable plaques are characterized by increased VSMCs and less inflammation while vulnerable plaques develop due to chronic inflammation and less VSMCs. Oncostatin M (OSM), an inflammatory cytokine, plays a role in endothelial cells and VSMC proliferation. This effect of OSM could be modulated by p27KIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor. However, the role of OSM in plaque vulnerability has not been investigated. To better understand the role of OSM and its downstream signaling including p27KIP1 in plaque vulnerability, we characterized the previously collected carotid arteries from hyperlipidemic Yucatan microswine using hematoxylin and eosin stain, Movat Pentachrome stain, and gene and protein expression of OSM and p27KIP1 using immunostaining and real-time polymerase chain reaction. OSM and p27KIP1 expression in carotid arteries with angioplasty and treatment with either scrambled peptide or LR12, an inhibitor of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell (TREM)-1, were compared between the experimental groups and with contralateral carotid artery. The results of this study elucidated the presence of OSM and p27KIP1 in carotid arteries with plaque and their association with arterial plaque and vulnerability. The findings suggest that targeting OSM and p27KIP1 axis regulating VSMC proliferation may have therapeutic significance to stabilize plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Trinh
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Jennifer Shin
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
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13
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Sharma H, Mossman K, Austin RC. Fatal attractions that trigger inflammation and drive atherosclerotic disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14169. [PMID: 38287209 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the salient, underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary embolism and myocardial infarction. In recent years, atherosclerosis pathophysiology has evolved from a lipid-based to an inflammation-centric ideology. METHODS This narrative review is comprised of review and original articles that were found through the PubMed search engine. The following search terms or amalgamation of terms were used: "cardiovascular disease," "atherosclerosis," "inflammation," "GRP78," "Hsp60," "oxidative low-density lipoproteins," "aldehyde dehydrogenase," "β2-glycoprotein," "lipoprotein lipase A," "human cytomegalovirus." "SARS-CoV-2," "chlamydia pneumonia," "autophagy," "thrombosis" and "therapeutics." RESULTS Emerging evidence supports the concept that atherosclerosis is associated with the interaction between cell surface expression of stress response chaperones, including GRP78 and Hsp60, and their respective autoantibodies. Moreover, various other autoantigens and their autoantibodies have displayed a compelling connection with the development of atherosclerosis, including oxidative low-density lipoproteins, aldehyde dehydrogenase, β2-glycoprotein and lipoprotein lipase A. Atherosclerosis progression is also concurrent with viral and bacterial activators of various diseases. This narrative review will focus on the contributions of human cytomegalovirus as well as SARS-CoV-2 and chlamydia pneumonia in atherosclerosis development. Notably, the interaction of an autoantigen with their respective autoantibodies or the presence of a foreign antigen can enhance inflammation development, which leads to atherosclerotic lesion progression. CONCLUSION We will highlight and discuss the complex role of the interaction between autoantigens and autoantibodies, and the presence of foreign antigens in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in relationship to pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Sharma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research and the McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Yuan X, Jiang C, Xue Y, Guo F, Luo M, Guo L, Gao Y, Yuan T, Xu H, Chen H. KLF13 promotes VSMCs phenotypic dedifferentiation by directly binding to the SM22α promoter. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31251. [PMID: 38634445 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 13 (KLF13), a zinc finger transcription factor, is considered as a potential regulator of cardiomyocyte differentiation and proliferation during heart morphogenesis. However, its precise role in the dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during atherosclerosis and neointimal formation after injury remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between KLF13 and SM22α expression in normal and atherosclerotic plaques by bioanalysis, and observed a significant increase in KLF13 levels in the atherosclerotic plaques of both human patients and ApoE-/- mice. Knockdown of KLF13 was found to ameliorate intimal hyperplasia following carotid artery injury. Furthermore, we discovered that KLF13 directly binds to the SM22α promoter, leading to the phenotypic dedifferentiation of VSMCs. Remarkably, we observed a significant inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor BB-induced VSMCs dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration when knocked down KLF13 in VSMCs. This inhibitory effect of KLF13 knockdown on VCMC function was, at least in part, mediated by the inactivation of p-AKT signaling in VSMCs. Overall, our findings shed light on a potential therapeutic target for treating atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis after vascular injury.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Cell Dedifferentiation
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima/metabolism
- Neointima/pathology
- Neointima/genetics
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Cell Cycle Proteins
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yuan
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuzhou Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqiang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tongling Yuan
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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15
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Wang S, He H, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Gu N. Advances in Atherosclerosis Theranostics Harnessing Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308298. [PMID: 38368274 PMCID: PMC11077671 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a multifaceted chronic inflammatory disease, has a profound impact on cardiovascular health. However, the critical limitations of atherosclerosis management include the delayed detection of advanced stages, the intricate assessment of plaque stability, and the absence of efficacious therapeutic strategies. Nanotheranostic based on nanotechnology offers a novel paradigm for addressing these challenges by amalgamating advanced imaging capabilities with targeted therapeutic interventions. Meanwhile, iron oxide nanoparticles have emerged as compelling candidates for theranostic applications in atherosclerosis due to their magnetic resonance imaging capability and biosafety. This review delineates the current state and prospects of iron oxide nanoparticle-based nanotheranostics in the realm of atherosclerosis, including pivotal aspects of atherosclerosis development, the pertinent targeting strategies involved in disease pathogenesis, and the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of iron oxide nanoparticles. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of theranostic nanomedicine approaches employing iron oxide nanoparticles, encompassing chemical therapy, physical stimulation therapy, and biological therapy. Finally, this review proposes and discusses the challenges and prospects associated with translating these innovative strategies into clinically viable anti-atherosclerosis interventions. In conclusion, this review offers new insights into the future of atherosclerosis theranostic, showcasing the remarkable potential of iron oxide-based nanoparticles as versatile tools in the battle against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and DevicesSchool of Biological Sciences & Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing210009P. R. China
| | - Hongliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and DevicesSchool of Biological Sciences & Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing210009P. R. China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of MedicineNanjing UniversityNanjing210093P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and DevicesSchool of Biological Sciences & Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing210009P. R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of MedicineNanjing UniversityNanjing210093P. R. China
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16
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Hao S, Zuo F, Zhang H, Wang Y, Huang L, Ma F, Song T, Zhang T, Ren X, Wang N. LncRNA RP11-301G19.1 is required for the maintenance of vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype via sponging miR-17-5P/ATOH8 axis. IUBMB Life 2024. [PMID: 38651683 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) play essential roles in regulating gene expression in various biological processes. However, the function of lncRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transformation remains to be explained. In this work, we discover that a new bone marrow protein (BMP) signaling target, lncRNA RP11-301G19.1, is significantly induced in BMP7-treated VSMCs through lncRNA microarray analysis. Addition of BMP signaling inhibitor LDN-193189 attenuates the expression of ACTA2 and SM-22α, as well as the mRNA level of RP11-301G19.1. Furthermore, lncRNA RP11-301G19.1 is critical to the VSMC differentiation and is directly activated by SMAD1/9. Mechanistically, knocking down of RP11-301G19.1 leads to the decrease of ATOH8, another BMP target, while the forced expression of RP11-301G19.1 reactivates ATOH8. In addition, miR-17-5p, a miRNA negatively regulated by BMP-7, contains predicted binding sites for lncRNA RP11-301G19.1 and ATOH8 3'UTR. Accordingly, overexpression of miR-17-5p decreases the levels of them. Together, our results revealed the role of lncRNA RP11-301G19.1 as a miRNA sponge to upregulate ATOH8 in VSMC phenotype transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Hao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Feifei Zuo
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Liwen Huang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Fenghui Ma
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Tiefeng Song
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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17
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Trinh J, Shin J, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting p27 kip1 in Plaque Vulnerability. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH 2024; 7:73-79. [PMID: 38737892 PMCID: PMC11087066 DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a critical contributor to coronary artery diseases, involves the accumulation of cholesterol, fibrin, and lipids within arterial walls, inciting inflammatory reactions culminating in plaque formation. This multifaceted interplay encompasses excessive fibrosis, fatty plaque development, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and leukocyte migration in response to inflammatory pathways. While stable plaques demonstrate resilience against complications, vulnerable ones, with lipid-rich cores, necrosis, and thin fibrous caps, lead to thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and acute cerebrovascular accidents. The nuanced phenotypes of VSMCs, modulated by gene regulation and environmental cues, remain pivotal. Essential markers like alpha-SMA, myosin heavy chain, and calponin regulate VSMC migration and contraction, exhibiting diminished expression during VSMC de-differentiation and proliferation. p27kip, a CDK inhibitor, shows promise in regulating VSMC proliferation and appears associated with TNF-α-induced pathways impacting unstable plaques. Oncostatin M (OSM), an IL-6 family cytokine, correlates with MMP upregulation and foam cell formation, influencing plaque development. Efforts targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition, notably using rapamycin and its analogs, demonstrate potential but pose challenges due to associated adverse effects. Exploration of the impact of p27kip impact on plaque macrophages presents promising avenues, yet its complete therapeutic potential remains untapped. Similarly, while OSM has exhibited potential in inducing cell cycle arrest via p27kip, direct links necessitate further investigation. This critical review discusses the role of mTOR, p27kip, and OSM in VSMC proliferation and differentiation followed by the therapeutic potential of targeting these mediators in atherosclerosis to attenuate plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Trinh
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA
| | - Jennifer Shin
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA
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18
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Li Y, Du L, Meng L, Lv C, Tian X. High expression of CASP1 induces atherosclerosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37616. [PMID: 38640260 PMCID: PMC11030018 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive vascular disease. The relationship between CASP1 gene expression and atherosclerosis remains unclear. The atherosclerosis dataset GSE132651 and GSE202625 profiles were downloaded from gene expression omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction network, functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database analysis were performed. Gene expression heatmap was drawn. TargetScan was used to screen miRNAs that regulate central DEG. 47 DEGs were identified. According to gene ontology analysis, they were mainly enriched in the regulation of stimulus response, response to organic matter, extracellular region, extracellular region, and the same protein binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome analysis results showed that the target cells were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, and PPAR signaling pathway. In the enrichment project of Metascape, vascular development, regulation of body fluid levels, and positive regulation of cell motility can be seen in the gene ontology enrichment project. Eleven core genes (CASP1, NLRP3, MRC1, IRS1, PPARG, APOE, IL13, FGF2, CCR2, ICAM1, HIF1A) were obtained. IRS1, PPARG, APOE, FGF2, CCR2, and HIF1A genes are identified as core genes. Gene expression heatmap showed that CASP1 was highly expressed in atherosclerosis samples and low expressed in normal samples. NLRP3, MRC1, IRS1, PPARG, APOE, IL13, FGF2, CCR2, ICAM1, HIF1A were low expressed in atherosclerosis samples. CTD analysis showed that 5 genes (CASP1, NLRP3, CCR2, ICAM1, HIF1A) were found to be associated with pneumonia, inflammation, cardiac enlargement, and tumor invasiveness. CASP1 gene is highly expressed in atherosclerosis. The higher the CASP1 gene, the worse the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lingbing Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Department of neurology, Pizhou Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Pizhou People's Hospital, Pizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Li X, Yang Y, Wang Z, Lin X, Fu X, He X, Liu M, Wang JX, Yu T, Sun P. CircHIPK3 targets DRP1 to mediate hydrogen peroxide-induced necroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00154-1. [PMID: 38621622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Necroptosis triggered by H2O2 is hypothesized to be a critical factor in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, which may precipitate acute cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, the specific regulatory molecules of this development remain unclear. We aims to elucidate a mechanism from the perspective of circular RNA. OBJECTIVES There are few studies on circRNA in VSMCs necroptosis. The objective of our research is to shed light on the intricate roles that circHIPK3 plays in the process of necroptosis in VSMCs and the development of atherosclerotic plaques that are prone to rupture. Our study elucidates the specific molecular mechanisms by which circHIPK3 regulates necroptosis and atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation through targeted proteins. Identifying this mechanism at the cellular level offers a molecular framework for understanding plaque progression and stability regulation, as well as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of susceptible atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS We collected clinical vascular tissue for HE staining and Masson staining to determine the presence and stability of plaques. Then, NCBI database was used to screen out circRNA with elevated expression level in plaque tissue, and the up-regulated circRNA, circHIPK3, was verified by qRT-PCR and FISH. Further, we synthesized circHIPK3's small interference sequence and overexpressed plasmid in vitro, and verified its regulation effect on necroptosis of VSMCs under physiological and pathological conditions by WB, qRT-PCR and PI staining. Through RNA pull down, mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation, DRP1 was identified as circHIPK3 binding protein and was positively regulated by circHIPK3. Meanwhile, on the basis of silencing of DRP1, the regulation of circHIPK3 on necroptosis is verified to be mediated by DRP1. Finally, we validated the regulation of circHIPK3 on vulnerable plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice. RESULTS We investigated that circHIPK3 was highly expressed in vulnerable plaques, and the increase in expression level promoted H2O2 induced necroptosis of VSMCs. CircHIPK3 targeted the protein DRP1, leading to an elevation in mitochondrial division rate, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species and impaired mitochondrial function, ultimately leading to necroptosis of VSMCs and vulnerable plaque formation. CONCLUSION CircHIPK3 interact with DRP1 involve in H2O2 induced Mitochondrial damage and necroptosis of VSMCs, and Silencing circHIPK3 in vivo can reduce atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation. Our research findings may have applications in providing diagnostic biomarkers for vulnerable plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixin Liu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China.
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Shah H, Alim S, Akther S, Irfan M, Rahmatova J, Arshad A, Kok CHP, Zahra SA. Update on cardiac imaging: A critical analysis. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2024:S0214-9168(24)00022-6. [PMID: 38594128 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Imaging is instrumental in diagnosing and directing the management of atherosclerosis. In 1958 the first diagnostic coronary angiography (CA) was performed, and since then further development has led to new methods such as coronary CT angiography (CTA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), positron tomography (PET), and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Currently, CA remains powerful for visualizing coronary arteries; however, recent studies show the benefits of using other non-invasive techniques. This review identifies optimum imaging techniques for diagnosing and monitoring plaque stability. This becomes even direr now, given the rapidly rising incidence of atherosclerosis in society today. Many acute coronary events, including acute myocardial infarctions and sudden deaths, are attributable to plaque rupture. Although fatal, these events can be preventable. We discuss the factors affecting plaque integrity, such as increased inflammation, medications like statins, and increased lipid content. Some of these precipitating factors are identifiable through imaging. However, we also highlight significant complications arising in some modalities; in CA this can include ventricular arrhythmia and even death. Extending this, we elucidated from the literature that risk can also vary based on the location of arteries and their plaques. Promisingly, there are less invasive methods being trialled for assessing plaque stability, such as Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR), which is already in use for other cardiac diseases like cardiomyopathies. Therefore, future research focusing on using imaging modalities in conjunction may be sensible, to bridge between the effectiveness of modalities, at the expense of increased complications, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halia Shah
- St George's, University of London Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Samina Alim
- St George's, University of London Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Akther
- University of Leeds Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Mahnoor Irfan
- St George's, University of London Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Jamolbi Rahmatova
- Pilgrim Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Aneesa Arshad
- St George's, University of London Medical School, United Kingdom
| | | | - Syeda Anum Zahra
- Imperial College School of Medicine, United Kingdom; The Hillingdon Hospital NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
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Zheng Y, Shao M, Zheng Y, Sun W, Qin S, Sun Z, Zhu L, Guan Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Li L. PPARs in atherosclerosis: The spatial and temporal features from mechanism to druggable targets. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00120-6. [PMID: 38555000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic and complex disease caused by lipid disorder, inflammation, and other factors. It is closely related to cardiovascular diseases, the chief cause of death globally. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are valuable anti-atherosclerosis targets that showcase multiple roles at different pathological stages of atherosclerosis and for cell types at different tissue sites. AIM OF REVIEW Considering the spatial and temporal characteristics of the pathological evolution of atherosclerosis, the roles and pharmacological and clinical studies of PPARs were summarized systematically and updated under different pathological stages and in different vascular cells of atherosclerosis. Moreover, selective PPAR modulators and PPAR-pan agonists can exert their synergistic effects meanwhile reducing the side effects, thereby providing novel insight into future drug development for precise spatial-temporal therapeutic strategy of anti-atherosclerosis targeting PPARs. KEY SCIENTIFIC Concepts of Review: Based on the spatial and temporal characteristics of atherosclerosis, we have proposed the importance of stage- and cell type-dependent precision therapy. Initially, PPARs improve endothelial cells' dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress and then regulate macrophages' lipid metabolism and polarization to improve fatty streak. Finally, PPARs reduce fibrous cap formation by suppressing the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Therefore, research on the cell type-specific mechanisms of PPARs can provide the foundation for space-time drug treatment. Moreover, pharmacological studies have demonstrated that several drugs or compounds can exert their effects by the activation of PPARs. Selective PPAR modulators (that specifically activate gene subsets of PPARs) can exert tissue and cell-specific effects. Furthermore, the dual- or pan-PPAR agonist could perform a better role in balancing efficacy and side effects. Therefore, research on cells/tissue-specific activation of PPARs and PPAR-pan agonists can provide the basis for precision therapy and drug development of PPARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Si Qin
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ziwei Sun
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linghui Zhu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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22
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Yu F, Liu J, Wei X. Circ-ABCA1 promotes oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced inflammation and phenotypic switch in vascular smooth muscle cells. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100343. [PMID: 38554490 PMCID: PMC10998038 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, in which Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (HVSMCs) are involved. Nevertheless, the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells remain unclear. METHODS Circ-ABCA1 expression was measured in the models of AS. Then, in the vitro model, oligonucleotide transfection was performed, followed by an analysis of VSMC proliferation, migration, inflammation, and phenotypic switch. Also, in the in vivo model, mice were injected with shRNA lentivirus, followed by histological examination of aortic tissues. Finally, the interaction of circ-ABCA1, miR-885-5p, and ROCK2 was identified. RESULTS Circ-ABCA1, was confirmed to be overexpressed in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs and mouse models of AS. Functionally, silencing circ-ABCA1 via oligonucleotide transfection suppressed VSMC proliferation, migration, inflammation, and phenotypic switch in vitro and prevented AS development in mice in vivo. Mechanistically, circ-ABCA1 absorbed miR-885-5p, which targeted ROCK2. CONCLUSION Taken together, the data from this study suggest that circ-ABCA1 mediates cellular inflammation and phenotype switching through the miR-885-5p/ROCK2 axis in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs, and the circ-ABCA1/miR-885-5p/ROCK2 axis is a new potential biomarker for the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yu
- Department of Cardiac Catheterization Room, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
| | - JiWei Liu
- Department of Emergency, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of 120 Emergency Center, The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
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23
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Luo J, Zhang X, Li W, Wang T, Cui S, Li T, Wang Y, Xu W, Ma Y, Yang B, Luo Y, Yang G, Xu R, Jiao L. eIF2α-mediated integrated stress response links multiple intracellular signaling pathways to reprogram vascular smooth muscle cell fate in carotid artery plaque. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26904. [PMID: 38434290 PMCID: PMC10907769 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid arterial atherosclerotic stenosis is a well-recognized pathological basis of ischemic stroke; however, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play fundamental roles in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Organelle dynamics have been reported to affect atherosclerosis development. However, the association between organelle dynamics and various cellular stresses in atherosclerotic progression remain ambiguous. Methods In this study, we conducted transcriptomics and bioinformatics analyses of stable and vulnerable carotid plaques. Primary VSMCs were isolated from carotid plaques and subjected to histopathological staining to determine their expression profiles. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and lysosome dynamics were observed in primary VSMCs and VSMC cell lines using live-cell imaging. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying disordered organelle dynamics were investigated using comprehensive biological approaches. Results ER whorls, a representative structural change under ER stress, are prominent dynamic reconstructions of VSMCs between vulnerable and stable plaques, followed by fragmented mitochondria and enlarged lysosomes, suggesting mitochondrial stress and lysosomal defects, respectively. Induction of mitochondrial stress alleviated ER stress and autophagy in an eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)-2α-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effects of eIF2α on ER stress, mitochondrial stress, and lysosomal defects were validated using clinical samples. Conclusion Our results indicate that morphological and functional changes in VSMC organelles, especially in ER whorls, can be used as reliable biomarkers for atherosclerotic progression. Moreover, eIF2α plays an important role in integrating multiple stress-signaling pathways to determine the behavior and fate of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Shengyan Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Tianhua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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24
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Ji T, Yan D, Huang Y, Luo M, Zhang Y, Xu T, Gao S, Zhang L, Ruan L, Zhang C. Fibulin 1, targeted by microRNA-24-3p, promotes cell proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells, contributing to the development of atherosclerosis in APOE -/- mice. Gene 2024; 898:148129. [PMID: 38184021 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main components of atherosclerosis (AS) plaque. VSMCs participate in plaque formation through phenotypic transformation. The complex interplay between ECM and VSMCs plays vital roles in the progression of AS throughout the disease. An in-depth investigation into the functions of ECM-related molecules in VSMC development might contribute to deciphering the complexity of AS pathogenesis. In this study, the roles and molecular mechanisms of the ECM-related molecule Fibulin-1 (FBLN1) in the development of AS and VSMCs were explored using RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and cell experiments. Furthermore, the expression of FBLN1, as determined by western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and real-time quantitative PCR, was significantly increased in AS vascular samples compared to normal vascular samples. Silencing the FBLN1 through AAV viral injection in mice revealed an improvement in AS. Functional analyses revealed that FBLN1 promoted VSMC proliferation, migration, and wound healing. Combined with RNA sequencing and TargetScan7.2 prediction data, 22 microRNAs (miRNAs) were found to have the potential for direct interaction with the FBLN1 3'UTR in VSMCs. Among these 22 miRNAs, it was demonstrated that microRNA-24-3p (miR-24-3p) could negatively regulate FBLN1 expression by directly binding to the FBLN1 3'UTR. Moreover, miR-24-3p inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and wound healing, and suppressed the expression of Ki67, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP2/9) by targeting FBLN1 in VSMCs. Meanwhile, inhibition of FBLN1 expression could restrain VSMC phenotypic transformation. In conclusion, miR-24-3p inhibited VSMC proliferation and migration by targeting FBLN1. Additionally, multiple miRNAs with the potential to interact with the FBLN1 3'UTR were identified. These findings might deepen our understanding of ECM gene regulatory networks and the complex etiology of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Ji
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mandi Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yucong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shangbang Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lei Ruan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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25
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Lv N, Wang L, Zeng M, Wang Y, Yu B, Zeng W, Jiang X, Suo Y. Saponins as therapeutic candidates for atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1651-1680. [PMID: 38299680 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Drug development for atherosclerosis, the underlying pathological state of ischemic cardiovascular diseases, has posed a longstanding challenge. Saponins, classified as steroid or triterpenoid glycosides, have shown promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Through an exhaustive examination of scientific literature spanning from May 2013 to May 2023, we identified 82 references evaluating 37 types of saponins in terms of their prospective impacts on atherosclerosis. These studies suggest that saponins have the potential to ameliorate atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, inhibiting inflammation, suppressing apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, as well as regulating gut microbiota, autophagy, endothelial senescence, and angiogenesis. Notably, ginsenosides exhibit significant potential and manifest essential pharmacological attributes, including lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidative stress effects. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the pharmacological attributes of saponins in atherosclerosis, with particular emphasis on their role in the regulation of lipid metabolism regulation and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, saponins may warrant further investigation as a potential therapy for atherosclerosis. However, due to various reasons such as low oral bioavailability, the clinical application of saponins in the treatment of atherosclerosis still needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan Lv
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Luming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- Oncology Department, Ganzhou people's hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanrong Suo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Ganzhou people's hospital, Ganzhou, China
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Tian Q, Chen JH, Ding Y, Wang XY, Qiu JY, Cao Q, Zhuang LL, Jin R, Zhou GP. EGR1 transcriptionally regulates SVEP1 to promote proliferation and migration in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:365. [PMID: 38409611 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A low-frequency variant of sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF, and pentraxin domain-containing protein 1 (SVEP1) is associated with the risk of coronary artery disease, as determined by a genome-wide association study. SVEP1 induces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and an inflammatory phenotype to promote atherosclerosis. In the present study, qRT‒PCR demonstrated that the mRNA expression of SVEP1 was significantly increased in atherosclerotic plaques compared to normal tissues. Bioinformatics revealed that EGR1 was a transcription factor for SVEP1. The results of the luciferase reporter assay, siRNA interference or overexpression assay, mutational analysis and ChIP confirmed that EGR1 positively regulated the transcriptional activity of SVEP1 by directly binding to its promoter. EGR1 promoted human coronary artery smooth muscle cell (HCASMC) proliferation and migration via SVEP1 in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) treatment. Moreover, the expression level of EGR1 was increased in atherosclerotic plaques and showed a strong linear correlation with the expression of SVEP1. Our findings indicated that EGR1 binding to the promoter region drive SVEP1 transcription to promote HCASMC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-He Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Yun Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Zhuang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Wang Y, Wang C, Li J. Neutrophil extracellular traps: a catalyst for atherosclerosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04931-3. [PMID: 38401035 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are network-like structures released by activated neutrophils. They consist mainly of double-stranded DNA, histones, and neutrophil granule proteins. Continuous release of NETs in response to external stimuli leads to activation of surrounding platelets and monocytes/macrophages, resulting in damage to endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Some clinical trials have demonstrated the association between NETs and the severity and prognosis of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, experimental findings have shed light on the molecular mechanisms by which NETs contribute to atherogenesis. NETs play a significant role in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. This review focuses on recent advancements in the understanding of the relationship between NETs and atherosclerosis. It explores various aspects, including the formation of NETs in atherosclerosis, clinical trials investigating NET-induced atherosclerosis, the mechanisms by which NETs promote atherogenesis, and the translational implications of NETs. Ultimately, we aim to propose new research directions for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Jiayan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Qian P, Cao X, Zhang Q, Gao M, Liu X, Yan L. Circ_0004872 deficiency attenuates ox-LDL-induced vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction by miR-424-5p-dependent regulation of FRS2. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04929-x. [PMID: 38376663 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a pivotal pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been disclosed to exert a vital part in the progression of AS. However, the functions of circ_0004872 in the progression of AS is indistinct. In this context, we aimed to elucidate the role of circ_0004872 and the potential mechanism in AS. The level of circ_0004872, miR-424-5p and fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was monitored by Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) assays. The invasion and migration capabilities of VSMCs were tested by transwell assays and wound-healing assay, respectively. Western blot was adopted to check the protein levels of CyclinD1, Vimentin and FRS2. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were executed to manifest the interaction between miR-424-5p and circ_0004872 or FRS2. The level of circ_0004872 was increased in the serum samples of AS patients and ox-LDL-exposed VSMCs. Ox-LDL exposure triggered cell proliferation, invasion and migration ability of VSMCs. depletion of circ_0004872 partly weakened ox-LDL-mediated effects in VSMCs. Mechanistically, circ_0004872 functioned as a sponge of miR-424-5p, and miR-424-5p inhibition partly alleviated circ_0004872 deficiency-mediated influences in VSMCs. Additionally, miR-424-5p interacted with FRS2, and miR-424-5p constrained dysfunction in ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs via reducing FRS2 level. Notably, circ_0004872 functioned as a sponge of miR-424-5p to elevate FRS2 expression. Circ_0004872 accelerated ox-LDL-induced damage via mediating miR-424-5p/FRS2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qian
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xuanchao Cao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Meihua Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Lijie Yan
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Fuwai Central China Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Fuwai Street, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 451464, China.
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Xu C, Zhang N, Yuan H, Wang L, Li Y. Sacubitril/valsartan inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through notch signaling and ERK1/2 pathway. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:106. [PMID: 38355423 PMCID: PMC10865611 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03764-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore the role and mechanism of Notch signaling and ERK1/2 pathway in the inhibitory effect of sacubitril/valsartan on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). MAIN METHODS Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) were cultured in vitro. The proliferating VSMCs were divided into three groups as control group, Ang II group and Ang II + sacubitril/valsartan group. Cell proliferation and migration were detected by CCK8 and scratch test respectively. The mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, MMP-9, Notch1 and Jagged-1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The p-ERK1/2 expression was detected by Western blot. KEY FINDINGS Compared with the control group, proliferation and migration of VSMCs and the expression of PCNA, MMP-9, Notch1, Jagged-1 and p-ERK1/2 was increased in Ang II group. Sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduced the proliferation and migration. Additionally, pretreatment with sacubitril/valsartan reduced the PCNA, MMP-9, Notch1, Jagged-1 and p-ERK1/2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congfeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Liren Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Wang H, Mai P, He F, Zhang Y. Expression of miRNA-29c in the carotid plaque and its association with diabetic mellitus. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1276066. [PMID: 38374991 PMCID: PMC10875088 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1276066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid artery atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic stroke, and ischemic stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, the reason for the build-up of atherosclerosis plaque is unknown. The miRNA-29c was reported to promote the phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in diabetes mice, eventually leading to plaque formation and bleeding. However, such studies are rare and limited to animal experiments. Methods In our study, 40 patients were divided into a diabetic mellitus (DM) group and a non-DM group according to whether they were diagnosed with DM. Then, the real-time quantitative PCR was applied to examine the miRNA-29c level in human carotid plaque tissue derived from 40 subjects receiving carotid endarterectomy. Results Briefly, diabetes patients had a decreased miRNA-29c level as compared with non-DM subjects, and this comparison was statistically significant (P = 0.02). Notably, variable miRNA-29c level was negatively associated with HbA1c level, although no statistical significance was observed. Moreover, there was an increased miRNA-29c level in patients with cerebral stroke. Conclusion Collectively, the miRNA-29c level in the carotid plaque is closely associated with DM and cerebral stroke, which may contribute to atherosclerosis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Division of Graduate, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Peipei Mai
- Department of Ultrasonography, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Fang He
- Division of Graduate, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
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Gianopoulos I, Daskalopoulou SS. Macrophage profiling in atherosclerosis: understanding the unstable plaque. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:35-56. [PMID: 38244055 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The development and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques is a major contributor to myocardial infarctions and ischemic strokes. The dynamic evolution of the plaque is largely attributed to monocyte/macrophage functions, which respond to various stimuli in the plaque microenvironment. To this end, macrophages play a central role in atherosclerotic lesions through the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein that gets trapped in the artery wall, and the induction of an inflammatory response that can differentially affect the stability of the plaque in men and women. In this environment, macrophages can polarize towards pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes, which represent the extremes of the polarization spectrum that include Mhem, M(Hb), Mox, and M4 populations. However, this traditional macrophage model paradigm has been redefined to include numerous immune and nonimmune cell clusters based on in-depth unbiased single-cell approaches. The goal of this review is to highlight (1) the phenotypic and functional properties of monocyte subsets in the circulation, and macrophage populations in atherosclerotic plaques, as well as their contribution towards stable or unstable phenotypes in men and women, and (2) single-cell RNA sequencing studies that have advanced our knowledge of immune, particularly macrophage signatures present in the atherosclerotic niche. We discuss the importance of performing high-dimensional approaches to facilitate the development of novel sex-specific immunotherapies that aim to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Gianopoulos
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stella S Daskalopoulou
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, EM1.2210, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Xu R, Li T, Luo J, Zhang X, Wang T, Wang Y, Ma Y, Yang B, Jia J, Dmytriw AA, Li W, Jiao L. PCSK9 increases vulnerability of carotid plaque by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14640. [PMID: 38402551 PMCID: PMC10894644 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been recognized as a novel lipid-lowing target. Recent clinical studies suggested the value of inhibiting PCSK9 in decreasing the vulnerability of coronary plaques. However, the evidence of PCSK9-regulated evolution of unstable carotid plaques is unclear, which has limited the use of PCSK9 inhibitor in carotid plaques. This study aimed to determine the effect and molecular mechanisms of PCSK9 on vulnerability of carotid plaques, to provide potential therapeutic targets for stabilizing carotid plaques. METHODS The expression of PCSK9 in stable and unstable carotid plaques were examined in tissue and plasma. Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and carotid VSMCs were employed to transfect lentivirus for overexpression and knockdown of PCSK9, respectively. Morphological and functional changes of mitochondria were observed by live-cell imaging. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by propidium iodide staining. RNA-sequencing and biological examinations were performed to explore and validate the underlying mechanisms. Truncated plasmids were employed to identify the functional domain of PCSK9 in regulation of VSMCs' mitochondrial morphology, function and apoptosis. RESULTS Clinically, PCSK9 was closely related with vulnerability of human carotid plaques. Increased expression of PCSK9 in human VSMCs was accompanied by higher level of apoptosis. At subcellular level of VSMCs, the morphology of mitochondria was shifted toward the fission state, followed by mitochondrial dysfunction. Inhibition of p38 MAPK activation partially rescued the above morphological and behavioral changes caused by PCSK9. Furthermore, inhibiting of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) attenuated PCSK9-related mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. The 1-149aa domain of PCSK9 protein was essential to achieve functional regulation to VSMCs. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that PCSK9 induced morphology-related mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of VSMCs, which may be related to increased vulnerability of carotid plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Tianhua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Yabing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
| | - Jinzhu Jia
- School of Public Health and Center for Statistical SciencePeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Adam A. Dmytriw
- Neuroendovascular Program, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China‐INI)BeijingChina
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Daepartment of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jinan Hospital of Xuanwu HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
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Zhao N, Yu X, Zhu X, Song Y, Gao F, Yu B, Qu A. Diabetes Mellitus to Accelerated Atherosclerosis: Shared Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:133-152. [PMID: 38091232 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the critical independent risk factors for the progression of cardiovascular disease, and the underlying mechanism regarding this association remains poorly understood. Hence, it is urgent to decipher the fundamental pathophysiology and consequently provide new insights into the identification of innovative therapeutic targets for diabetic atherosclerosis. It is now appreciated that different cell types are heavily involved in the progress of diabetic atherosclerosis, including endothelial cells, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, dependence on altered metabolic pathways, intracellular lipids, and high glucose. Additionally, extensive studies have elucidated that diabetes accelerates the odds of atherosclerosis with the explanation that these two chronic disorders share some common mechanisms, such as endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. In this review, we initially summarize the current research and proposed mechanisms and then highlight the role of these three cell types in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis and finally establish the mechanism pinpointing the relationship between diabetes and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xinxin Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanting Song
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baoqi Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Pan Q, Chen C, Yang YJ. Top Five Stories of the Cellular Landscape and Therapies of Atherosclerosis: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:1-27. [PMID: 38057537 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by impairment and apoptosis of endothelial cells, continuous systemic and focal inflammation and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells, which is documented as the traditional cellular paradigm. However, the mechanisms appear much more complicated than we thought since a bulk of studies on efferocytosis, transdifferentiation and novel cell death forms such as ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and extracellular trap were reported. Discovery of novel pathological cellular landscapes provides a large number of therapeutic targets. On the other side, the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current treatment with lipid-lowering drugs as the cornerstone also restricts the efforts to reduce global AS burden. Stem cell- or nanoparticle-based strategies spurred a lot of attention due to the attractive therapeutic effects and minimized adverse effects. Given the complexity of pathological changes of AS, attempts to develop an almighty medicine based on single mechanisms could be theoretically challenging. In this review, the top stories in the cellular landscapes during the initiation and progression of AS and the therapies were summarized in an integrated perspective to facilitate efforts to develop a multi-targets strategy and fill the gap between mechanism research and clinical translation. The future challenges and improvements were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Qian H, Ma S, Zhou Q, Lei C. Hsa_circ_0032389 Enhances Proliferation and Migration in PDGF-BB-Induced Human Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:111-121. [PMID: 38378972 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNAs) has been confirmed to participate in atherosclerosis (AS) progression. However, the role and mechanism of hsa_circ_0032389 in AS process still need to be further revealed. This study evaluates the role and mechanism of hsa_circ_0032389 in AS process. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) was used to induce human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs). The expression levels of hsa_circ_0032389, microRNA (miR)-513a-5p, and fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation and migration were analyzed using cell counting kit 8 assay, flow cytometry, EdU assay, transwell assay, and wound healing assay. Protein expression was assessed using western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays were used to confirm RNA interaction. Hsa_circ_0032389 was overexpressed in PDGF-BB-induced HA-VSMCs, and its downregulation inhibited HA-VSMC viability, cell cycle, EdU positive cell rate, migratory cell number, and wound closure rate under PDGF-BB treatment. The luciferase activity of hsa_circ_0032389wt could be reduced by miR-513a-5p mimic, and both hsa_circ_0032389 and miR-513a-5p were enriched in anti-Ago2, confirming that miR-513a-5p could be sponged by hsa_circ_0032389. MiR-513a-5p inhibitor reversed the effect of hsa_circ_0032389 knockdown on PDGF-BB-induced HA-VSMC viability, cell cycle, EdU positive cell rate, migratory cell number, and wound closure rate. Moreover, the luciferase activity of FRS2wt was reduced by miR-513a-5p mimic, and both FRS2 and miR-513a-5p were enriched in anti-Ago2, verifying that FRS2 was targeted by miR-513a-5p. MiR-513a-5p suppressed PDGF-BB-induced HA-VSMC viability, cell cycle, EdU positive cell rate, migratory cell number, and wound closure rate by targeting FRS2. Our results indicated that hsa_circ_0032389 enhanced PDGF-BB-induced HA-VSMC proliferation and migration via regulating miR-513a-5p/FRS2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Qian
- Surgical Department of Cardiothoracic Macrovascular, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, No.26 Chuyuan Avenue, Jingzhou District, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China.
| | - Shengwei Ma
- Surgical Department of Cardiothoracic Macrovascular, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, No.26 Chuyuan Avenue, Jingzhou District, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Surgical Department of Cardiothoracic Macrovascular, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, No.26 Chuyuan Avenue, Jingzhou District, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Chengang Lei
- Surgical Department of Cardiothoracic Macrovascular, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, No.26 Chuyuan Avenue, Jingzhou District, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
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Zhao X, Kong X, Cui Z, Zhang Z, Wang M, Liu G, Gao H, Zhang J, Qin W. Communication between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis: Focusing on exosomes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 193:106690. [PMID: 38181871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disorder on a global scale. Atherosclerosis (AS), a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, stands as the primary contributor to mortality among patients diagnosed with NAFLD. However, the precise etiology by which NAFLD causes AS remains unclear. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, and are considered to participate in complex biological processes by promoting cell-to-cell and organ-to-organ communications. As vesicles containing protein, mRNA, non-coding RNA and other bioactive molecules, exosomes can participate in the development of NAFLD and AS respectively. Recently, studies have shown that NAFLD can also promote the development of AS via secreting exosomes. Herein, we summarized the recent advantages of exosomes in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and AS, and highlighted the role of exosomes in mediating the information exchange between NAFLD and AS. Further, we discussed how exosomes play a prominent role in enabling information exchange among diverse organs, delving into a novel avenue for investigating the link between diseases and their associated complications. The future directions and emerging challenges are also listed regarding the exosome-based therapeutic strategies for AS under NAFLD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Xinxin Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Zhoujun Cui
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Zejin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Honggang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China.
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He J, Gao Y, Yang C, Guo Y, Liu L, Lu S, He H. Navigating the landscape: Prospects and hurdles in targeting vascular smooth muscle cells for atherosclerosis diagnosis and therapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:261-281. [PMID: 38161032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have emerged as pivotal contributors throughout all phases of atherosclerotic plaque development, effectively dispelling prior underestimations of their prevalence and significance. Recent lineage tracing studies have unveiled the clonal nature and remarkable adaptability inherent to VSMCs, thereby illuminating their intricate and multifaceted roles in the context of atherosclerosis. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate mechanisms and distinctive characteristics that define VSMCs across various physiological processes, firmly underscoring their paramount importance in shaping the course of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, this review offers a thorough examination of the significant strides made over the past two decades in advancing imaging techniques and therapeutic strategies with a precise focus on targeting VSMCs within atherosclerotic plaques, notably spotlighting meticulously engineered nanoparticles as a promising avenue. We envision the potential of VSMC-targeted nanoparticles, thoughtfully loaded with medications or combination therapies, to effectively mitigate pro-atherogenic VSMC processes. These advancements are poised to contribute significantly to the pivotal objective of modulating VSMC phenotypes and enhancing plaque stability. Moreover, our paper also delves into recent breakthroughs in VSMC-targeted imaging technologies, showcasing their remarkable precision in locating microcalcifications, dynamically monitoring plaque fibrous cap integrity, and assessing the therapeutic efficacy of medical interventions. Lastly, we conscientiously explore the opportunities and challenges inherent in this innovative approach, providing a holistic perspective on the potential of VSMC-targeted strategies in the evolving landscape of atherosclerosis research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua He
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu G, Li Y, Gao H, Li X, Fan H, Fan L. Mzb1 Attenuates Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability in ApoE-/- Mice by Alleviating Apoptosis and Modulating Mitochondrial Function. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10483-0. [PMID: 38294627 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the protective role of Mzb1 in atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability. To explore the impact of Mzb1, we analyzed Mzb1 expression, assessed apoptosis, and evaluated mitochondrial function in atherosclerosis (AS) mouse models and human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). We observed a significant decrease in Mzb1 expression in AS mouse models and ox-LDL-treated HVSMCs. Downregulation of Mzb1 increased ox-LDL-induced apoptosis and cholesterol levels of HVSMCs, while Mzb1 overexpression alleviated these effect. Mzb1 was found to enhance mitochondrial function, as evidenced by restored ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced mtROS production. Moreover, Mzb1 overexpression attenuated atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability in ApoE-/- mice. Our findings suggest that Mzb1 overexpression regulates the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway, leading to the attenuation of atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability. This study provides compelling evidence for the protective effect of Mzb1 on atherosclerotic plaques by alleviating apoptosis and modulating mitochondrial function in ApoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglang Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1158 Park Road, Qingpu, Shanghai, 201700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1158 Park Road, Qingpu, Shanghai, 201700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1158 Park Road, Qingpu, Shanghai, 201700, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyu Fan
- School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Longhua Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1158 Park Road, Qingpu, Shanghai, 201700, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Yang Q, Saaoud F, Lu Y, Pu Y, Xu K, Shao Y, Jiang X, Wu S, Yang L, Tian Y, Liu X, Gillespie A, Luo JJ, Shi XM, Zhao H, Martinez L, Vazquez-Padron R, Wang H, Yang X. Innate immunity of vascular smooth muscle cells contributes to two-wave inflammation in atherosclerosis, twin-peak inflammation in aortic aneurysms and trans-differentiation potential into 25 cell types. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1348238. [PMID: 38327764 PMCID: PMC10847266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1348238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the predominant cell type in the medial layer of the aorta, which plays a critical role in aortic diseases. Innate immunity is the main driving force for cardiovascular diseases. Methods To determine the roles of innate immunity in VSMC and aortic pathologies, we performed transcriptome analyses on aortas from ApoE-/- angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced aortic aneurysm (AAA) time course, and ApoE-/- atherosclerosis time course, as well as VSMCs stimulated with danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Results We made significant findings: 1) 95% and 45% of the upregulated innate immune pathways (UIIPs, based on data of 1226 innate immune genes) in ApoE-/- Ang II-induced AAA at 7 days were different from that of 14 and 28 days, respectively; and AAA showed twin peaks of UIIPs with a major peak at 7 days and a minor peak at 28 days; 2) all the UIIPs in ApoE-/- atherosclerosis at 6 weeks were different from that of 32 and 78 weeks (two waves); 3) analyses of additional 12 lists of innate immune-related genes with 1325 cytokine and chemokine genes, 2022 plasma membrane protein genes, 373 clusters of differentiation (CD) marker genes, 280 nuclear membrane protein genes, 1425 nucleoli protein genes, 6750 nucleoplasm protein genes, 1496 transcription factors (TFs) including 15 pioneer TFs, 164 histone modification enzymes, 102 oxidative cell death genes, 68 necrotic cell death genes, and 47 efferocytosis genes confirmed two-wave inflammation in atherosclerosis and twin-peak inflammation in AAA; 4) DAMPs-stimulated VSMCs were innate immune cells as judged by the upregulation of innate immune genes and genes from 12 additional lists; 5) DAMPs-stimulated VSMCs increased trans-differentiation potential by upregulating not only some of 82 markers of 7 VSMC-plastic cell types, including fibroblast, osteogenic, myofibroblast, macrophage, adipocyte, foam cell, and mesenchymal cell, but also 18 new cell types (out of 79 human cell types with 8065 cell markers); 6) analysis of gene deficient transcriptomes indicated that the antioxidant transcription factor NRF2 suppresses, however, the other five inflammatory transcription factors and master regulators, including AHR, NF-KB, NOX (ROS enzyme), PERK, and SET7 promote the upregulation of twelve lists of innate immune genes in atherosclerosis, AAA, and DAMP-stimulated VSMCs; and 7) both SET7 and trained tolerance-promoting metabolite itaconate contributed to twin-peak upregulation of cytokines in AAA. Discussion Our findings have provided novel insights on the roles of innate immune responses and nuclear stresses in the development of AAA, atherosclerosis, and VSMC immunology and provided novel therapeutic targets for treating those significant cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxi Yang
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Beloit College, Beloit, WI, United States
| | - Fatma Saaoud
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yifan Lu
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yujiang Pu
- College of Letters & Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Keman Xu
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Shao
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sheng Wu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Tian
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Avrum Gillespie
- Section of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jin Jun Luo
- Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xinghua Mindy Shi
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, College of Science and Technology at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Laisel Martinez
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Roberto Vazquez-Padron
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Liu H, Zhao Y, Zhao G, Deng Y, Chen YE, Zhang J. SWI/SNF Complex in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Its Implications in Cardiovascular Pathologies. Cells 2024; 13:168. [PMID: 38247859 PMCID: PMC10814623 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mature vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) exhibit a remarkable degree of plasticity, a characteristic that has intrigued cardiovascular researchers for decades. Recently, it has become increasingly evident that the chromatin remodeler SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex plays a pivotal role in orchestrating chromatin conformation, which is critical for gene regulation. In this review, we provide a summary of research related to the involvement of the SWI/SNF complexes in VSMC and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), integrating these discoveries into the current landscape of epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in VSMC. These novel discoveries shed light on our understanding of VSMC biology and pave the way for developing innovative therapeutic strategies in CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Guizhen Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongjie Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Li H, Zhao Q, Liu D, Zhou B, Liao F, Chen L. Cathepsin B aggravates atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice by modulating vascular smooth muscle cell pyroptosis through NF-κB / NLRP3 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294514. [PMID: 38165884 PMCID: PMC10760722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving cell death and inflammatory responses. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered pro-inflammatory programmed cell death process, exacerbates inflammatory responses. However, the roles of cathepsin B (CTSB) in pyroptosis and AS remain unclear. To gain further insight, we fed ApoE-/- mice a high-fat diet to investigate the effects and mechanisms of CTSB overexpression and silencing on AS. We also explored the specific role of CTSB in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro. The study revealed that high-fat diet led to the formation of AS plaques, and CTSB was found to increase the AS plaque lesion area. Immunohistochemical and TUNEL/caspase-1 staining revealed the existence of pyroptosis in atherosclerotic plaques, particularly in VSMCs. In vitro studies, including Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining, a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, detection of protein indicators of pyroptosis, and detection of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in cell culture medium, demonstrated that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced VSMC pyroptosis. Additionally, CTSB promoted VSMC pyroptosis. Ox-LDL increased the expression of CTSB, which in turn activated the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and promoted NLRP3 expression by facilitating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation. This effect could be attenuated by the NF-κB inhibitor SN50. Our research found that CTSB not only promotes VSMC pyroptosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, but also increases the expression of NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Quanwei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Danan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fujun Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Wang X, Gui N, Ma X, Zeng Y, Mo T, Zhang M. Proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation of VSMC induced via Hcy related to up-expression of WWP2 and p-STAT3. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296359. [PMID: 38166045 PMCID: PMC10760878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis (AS), the current study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) on regulating the proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) via sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) through Nedd4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP2 (WWP2). Here, Based on the establishment of ApoE-/- mouse models of high Hcy As and the model of Hcy stimulation of VSMC in vitro to observe the interaction between WWP2 and STAT3 and its effect on the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation of Hcy-induced VSMC, which has not been previously reported. This study revealed that WWP2 could promote the proliferation, migration, and phenotype switch of Hcy-induced VSMC by up-regulating the phosphorylation of SIRT1/STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, Hcy might up-regulate WWP2 expression by inhibiting histone H3K27me3 expression through up-regulated UTX. These data suggest that WWP2 is a novel and important regulator of Hcy-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research of National Health Commission, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Na Gui
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Xing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research of National Health Commission, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research of National Health Commission, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Tingrun Mo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research of National Health Commission, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
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Zheng C, Chen S, Deng YY, Qian XP, Chen YY, Hong CZ, Zeng YF, Li QM, Pan LH, Luo JP, Li XY, Zha XQ. Purification, structural characteristics and anti-atherosclerosis activity of a novel green tea polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127705. [PMID: 37913884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A new homogeneous polysaccharide (TPS3A) was isolated and purified from Tianzhu Xianyue fried green tea by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephacryl S-500 column chromatography. Structural characterization indicated that TPS3A mainly consisted of arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid and rhamnose in a molar ratio of 5.84: 4.15: 2.06: 1, with an average molecular weight of 1.596 × 104 kDa. The structure of TPS3A was characterized as a repeating unit consisting of 1,3-Galp, 1,4-Galp, 1,3,6-Galp, 1,3-Araf, 1,5-Araf, 1,2,4-Rhap and 1-GalpA, with two branches on the C6 of 1,3,6-Galp and C2 of 1,2,4-Rhap, respectively. To investigate the preventive effects of TPS3A on atherosclerosis, TPS3A was administered orally to ApoE-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Results revealed that TPS3A intervention could effectively delay the atherosclerotic plaque progression, modulate dyslipidemia, and reduce the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype by activating the expression of contractile marker alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and inhibiting the expression of synthetic marker osteopontin (OPN) in high-fat diet-induced ApoE-/- mice. Our findings suggested that TPS3A markedly alleviated atherosclerosis by regulating dyslipidemia and phenotypic transition of VSMCs, and might be used as a novel functional ingredient to promote cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Deng
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ping Qian
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hong
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fan Zeng
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ying Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
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Baaten CCFMJ, Nagy M, Bergmeier W, Spronk HMH, van der Meijden PEJ. Platelet biology and function: plaque erosion vs. rupture. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:18-31. [PMID: 37940193 PMCID: PMC10757869 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of heart disease in developed countries is coronary atherosclerosis, which is not simply a result of ageing but a chronic inflammatory process that can lead to acute clinical events upon atherosclerotic plaque rupture or erosion and arterial thrombus formation. The composition and location of atherosclerotic plaques determine the phenotype of the lesion and whether it is more likely to rupture or to erode. Although plaque rupture and erosion both initiate platelet activation on the exposed vascular surface, the contribution of platelets to thrombus formation differs between the two phenotypes. In this review, plaque phenotype is discussed in relation to thrombus composition, and an overview of important mediators (haemodynamics, matrix components, and soluble factors) in plaque-induced platelet activation is given. As thrombus formation on disrupted plaques does not necessarily result in complete vessel occlusion, plaque healing can occur. Therefore, the latest findings on plaque healing and the potential role of platelets in this process are summarized. Finally, the clinical need for more effective antithrombotic agents is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance C F M J Baaten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Magdolna Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Henri M H Spronk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart+ Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debeyelaan 25, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paola E J van der Meijden
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart+ Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debeyelaan 25, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Lee J, Hong SW, Kim MJ, Moon SJ, Kwon H, Park SE, Rhee EJ, Lee WY. Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonist Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Proliferation and Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Ameliorates Phosphate-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Calcification. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:83-96. [PMID: 38173373 PMCID: PMC10850275 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), which is a therapeutic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system. METHODS To examine the protective effects of GLP-1RAs on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), A-10 cells exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II) were treated with either exendin-4, liraglutide, or dulaglutide. To examine the effects of GLP-1RAs on vascular calcification, cells exposed to high concentration of inorganic phosphate (Pi) were treated with exendin-4, liraglutide, or dulaglutide. RESULTS Ang II increased proliferation and migration of VSMCs, gene expression levels of Ang II receptors AT1 and AT2, proliferation marker of proliferation Ki-67 (Mki-67), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Pcna), and cyclin D1 (Ccnd1), and the protein expression levels of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-Erk), phospho-c-JUN N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), and phospho-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-Pi3k). Exendin-4, liraglutide, and dulaglutide significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, the gene expression levels of Pcna, and the protein expression levels of p-Erk and p-JNK in the Ang II-treated VSMCs. Erk inhibitor PD98059 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 decreased the protein expression levels of Pcna and Ccnd1 and proliferation of VSMCs. Inhibition of GLP-1R by siRNA reversed the reduction of the protein expression levels of p-Erk and p-JNK by exendin-4, liraglutide, and dulaglutide in the Ang II-treated VSMCs. Moreover, GLP-1 (9-36) amide also decreased the proliferation and migration of the Ang II-treated VSMCs. In addition, these GLP-1RAs decreased calcium deposition by inhibiting activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) in Pi-treated VSMCs. CONCLUSION These data show that GLP-1RAs ameliorate aberrant proliferation and migration in VSMCs through both GLP-1Rdependent and independent pathways and inhibit Pi-induced vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmi Lee
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Hong
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kim
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Joon Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemi Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jiang QL, Li T, Xu Q, Zeng Y, Wang W, Zhang BT, Yao QP, Jiang R, Jiang J. Methyl donor diet attenuates intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109486. [PMID: 37844765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, particularly dietary habits, play an important role in cardiovascular disease susceptibility and progression through epigenetic modification. Previous studies have shown that hyperplastic vascular intima after endarterectomy is characterized by genome-wide hypomethylation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether methyl donor diet affects intimal hyperplasia and the possible mechanisms involved. Intimal hyperplasia was induced in SD rats by carotid artery balloon injury. From 8 d before surgery to 28 d after surgery, the animals were fed a normal diet (ND) or a methyl donor diet (MD) supplemented with folic acid, vitamin B12, choline, betaine, and zinc. Carotid artery intimal hyperplasia was observed by histology, the effect of MD on carotid protein expression was analyzed by proteomics, functional clustering, signaling pathway, and upstream-downstream relationship of differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results showed that MD attenuated balloon injury-induced intimal hyperplasia in rat carotid arteries. Proteomic analysis showed that there were many differentially expressed proteins in the common carotid arteries of rats fed with two different diets. The differentially expressed proteins are mainly related to the composition and function of the extracellular matrix (EMC), and changes in the EMC can lead to vascular remodeling by affecting fibrosis and stiffness of the blood vessel wall. Changes in the levels of vasculotropic proteins such as S100A9, ILF3, Serpinh1, Fbln5, LOX, HSPG2, and Fmod may be the reason why MD attenuates intimal hyperplasia. Supplementation with methyl donor nutrients may be a beneficial measure to prevent pathological vascular remodeling after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease/Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of General Surgery (Thyroid Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery (Thyroid Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo-Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery (Thyroid Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Ping Yao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of General Surgery (Thyroid Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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47
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Wang Y, Guo M, Tang CK. History and Development of ABCA1. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102036. [PMID: 37595859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1) is a key protein in the transport of intracellular cholesterol to the extracellular and plays an important role in reducing cholesterol accumulation in surrounding tissues. Bibliometric analysis refers to the cross-science of quantitative analysis of a variety of documents by mathematical and statistical methods. It combines an analysis of structural and temporal patterns in scholarly publications with a description of topic concentration and types of uncertainty. This paper analyzes the history, hotspot, and development trend of ABCA1 through bibliometrics. It will provide readers with the research status and development trend of ABCA1 and help the hot research in this field explore new research directions. After screening, the research on ABCA1 is still in a hot phase in the past 20 years. ABCA1 is emerging in previously unrelated disciplines such as cancer. There were 551 keywords and 6888 breakout citations counted by CiteSpace. The relationship between cancer and cardiovascular disease has been linked by ABCA1. This review will guide readers who are not familiar with ABCA1 research to quickly understand the development process of ABCA1 and provide researchers with a possible future research focus on ABCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Min Guo
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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Hu HL, Zheng HX, Yuan N, Zhai CL, Chen H, Pan HH, Qian G. CircUsp9x/miR-599/stim1 axis regulates proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells induced by oxidized-low density lipoprotein. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2280758. [PMID: 37963203 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2280758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate the function of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in atherosclerosis (AS) progression. We aimed to explore the role of circUSP9X in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced VSMCs. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell counting kit-8 and EDU assays. Cell migration was evaluated using Transwell and wound healing assays. The interaction between circUSP9X or STIM1 and miR-599 was analyzed using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. Their levels were examined using quantitative real-time PCR. CircUSP9X and STIM1 expression was increased, whereas miR-599 expression was reduced in the serum of patients with AS and ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs. Overexpression of circUSP9X facilitated the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by ox-LDL. CircUSP9X sponged miR-599, which targeted STIM1. MiR-599 reversed the effects induced by circUSP9X, and STIM1 reversed the effects induced by miR-599. Taken together, CircUSP9X promoted proliferation and migration in ox-LDL-treated VSMCs via the miR-599/STIM1 axis, providing a theoretical basis for the role of circUSP9X/miR-599/STIM1 axis in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Hu
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hui-Xiu Zheng
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chang-Lin Zhai
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hai-Hua Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Shishkova D, Lobov A, Repkin E, Markova V, Markova Y, Sinitskaya A, Sinitsky M, Kondratiev E, Torgunakova E, Kutikhin A. Calciprotein Particles Induce Cellular Compartment-Specific Proteome Alterations in Human Arterial Endothelial Cells. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 11:5. [PMID: 38248875 PMCID: PMC10816121 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Calciprotein particles (CPPs) are indispensable scavengers of excessive Ca2+ and PO43- ions in blood, being internalised and recycled by liver and spleen macrophages, monocytes, and endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we performed a pathway enrichment analysis of cellular compartment-specific proteomes in primary human coronary artery ECs (HCAEC) and human internal thoracic artery ECs (HITAEC) treated with primary (amorphous) or secondary (crystalline) CPPs (CPP-P and CPPs, respectively). Exposure to CPP-P and CPP-S induced notable upregulation of: (1) cytokine- and chemokine-mediated signaling, Ca2+-dependent events, and apoptosis in cytosolic and nuclear proteomes; (2) H+ and Ca2+ transmembrane transport, generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilisation, and intrinsic apoptosis in the mitochondrial proteome; (3) oxidative, calcium, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein binding, and apoptosis in the ER proteome. In contrast, transcription, post-transcriptional regulation, translation, cell cycle, and cell-cell adhesion pathways were underrepresented in cytosol and nuclear compartments, whilst biosynthesis of amino acids, mitochondrial translation, fatty acid oxidation, pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and energy generation were downregulated in the mitochondrial proteome of CPP-treated ECs. Differentially expressed organelle-specific pathways were coherent in HCAEC and HITAEC and between ECs treated with CPP-P or CPP-S. Proteomic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear lysates from CPP-treated ECs confirmed bioinformatic filtration findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Shishkova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Arseniy Lobov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology of the RAS, 4 Tikhoretskiy Prospekt, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Egor Repkin
- Centre for Molecular and Cell Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment, 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Victoria Markova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Yulia Markova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Anna Sinitskaya
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Maxim Sinitsky
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Egor Kondratiev
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Evgenia Torgunakova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Anton Kutikhin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (D.S.); (V.M.); (Y.M.); (A.S.); (M.S.); (E.K.); (E.T.)
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50
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Yan B, Belke D, Gui Y, Chen YX, Jiang ZS, Zheng XL. Pharmacological inhibition of MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) induces ferroptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:456. [PMID: 38097554 PMCID: PMC10721807 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) is a human paracaspase protein with proteolytic activity via its caspase-like domain. The pharmacological inhibition of MALT1 by MI-2, a specific chemical inhibitor, diminishes the response of endothelial cells to inflammatory stimuli. However, it is largely unknown how MALT1 regulates the functions of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). This study aims to investigate the impact of MALT1 inhibition by MI-2 on the functions of vascular SMCs, both in vitro and in vivo. MI-2 treatment led to concentration- and time-dependent cell death of cultured aortic SMCs, which was rescued by the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) or ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis, but not by inhibitors of apoptosis (Z-VAD-fmk), pyroptosis (Z-YVAD-fmk), or necrosis (Necrostatin-1, Nec-1). MI-2 treatment downregulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin heavy polypeptide 1 (FTH1), which was prevented by pre-treatment with DFO or Fer-1. MI-2 treatment also activated autophagy, which was inhibited by Atg7 deficiency or bafilomycin A1 preventing MI-2-induced ferroptosis. MI-2 treatment reduced the cleavage of cylindromatosis (CYLD), a specific substrate of MALT1. Notably, MI-2 treatment led to a rapid loss of contractility in mouse aortas, which was prevented by co-incubation with Fer-1. Moreover, local application of MI-2 significantly reduced carotid neointima lesions and atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice and apolipoprotein-E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice, respectively, which were both ameliorated by co-treatment with Fer-1. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that MALT1 inhibition induces ferroptosis of vascular SMCs, likely contributing to its amelioration of proliferative vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Yan
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Darrell Belke
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yu Gui
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
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