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Ye L, Huang Y, Chen K, Hang C, Ying Y, Zu L, Luo X, Du L. Early postnatal moderate catch‑up growth in rats with nutritional intrauterine growth restriction preserves pulmonary vascular and cognitive function in adulthood. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:183. [PMID: 38515647 PMCID: PMC10952380 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with rapid postnatal catch-up growth is strongly associated with pulmonary vascular dysfunction in adulthood, whereas IUGR with delayed growth in early postnatal life results in long-term brain deficits. In the present study, it was hypothesized that IUGR with early moderate catch-up growth may alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling in adulthood without affecting memory function. An IUGR model was established by restricting maternal nutrition during pregnancy. Different growth patterns were achieved by adjusting the litter size in each group during lactation. Rats meeting the weight requirement at weaning were selected for subsequent studies at three time points (3, 9 and 13 weeks). Cognitive function was evaluated using a Y-maze. Invasive hemodynamic measurements were conducted to measure the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP). In addition, primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) were cultured to investigate their role in the increase in mPAP following rapid catch-up growth. The results showed that memory function deficits in the rats in the delayed growth group were associated with reduced proliferation of neural stem cells in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus. Furthermore, moderate catch-up growth at the three time points improved memory function while maintaining a normal mPAP. In adult IUGR rats experiencing rapid catch-up growth, although memory function improved, elevated mPAP and medial thickening of pulmonary arterioles were observed. Additionally, PASMCs exhibited excessive proliferation, migration and anti-apoptotic activity in the rapid catch-up group, and PVECs also displayed excessive proliferation. These results suggested that moderate catch-up growth after IUGR is a better strategy for optimal cognition and cardiovascular health in adulthood compared with rapid catch-up growth or delayed growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Ye
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Kewei Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Hang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Ying
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Luo
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Lizhong Du
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
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Zhou Y, Zha Y, Yang Y, Ma T, Li H, Liang J. S100 proteins in cardiovascular diseases. Mol Med 2023; 29:68. [PMID: 37217870 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have become a serious threat to human health and life worldwide and have the highest fatality rate. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases have become a focus for public health experts. The expression of S100 proteins is cell- and tissue-specific; they are implicated in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases and cancer. This review article discusses the progress in the research on the role of S100 protein family members in cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the mechanisms by which these proteins exert their biological function may provide novel concepts for preventing, treating, and predicting cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zha
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Yang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tan Ma
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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3
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S100A1 expression characterizes terminally differentiated superficial cells in the urothelium of the murine bladder and ureter. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 158:389-399. [PMID: 35648290 PMCID: PMC9512885 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The urothelium is a stratified epithelium that lines the inner surface of the components of the urinary drainage system. It is composed of a layer of basal cells, one or several layers of intermediate cells, and a layer of large luminal superficial or umbrella cells. In the mouse, only a small set of markers is available that allows easy molecular distinction of these urothelial cell types. Here, we analyzed expression of S100A1, a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, in the urothelium of the two major organs of the murine urinary tract, the ureter and the bladder. Using RNA in situ hybridization analysis, we found exclusive expression of S100a1 mRNA in luminal cells of the ureter from embryonic day (E)17.5 onwards and of the bladder from E15.5 to adulthood. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that expression of S100A1 protein is confined to terminally differentiated superficial cells of both the ureter and bladder where it localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm. We conclude that S100A1 is a suitable marker for mature superficial cells in the urothelial lining of the drainage system of the developing and mature mouse.
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Wu Y, Pan B, Zhang Z, Li X, Leng Y, Ji Y, Sun K, Chen AF. Caspase-4/11-Mediated Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cell Pyroptosis Contributes to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Hypertension 2022; 79:536-548. [PMID: 34984912 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction enhances vascular inflammation, which initiates pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) pathogenesis, further induces vascular remodeling and right ventricular failure. Activation of inflammatory caspases is an important initial event at the onset of pyroptosis. Studies have shown that caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis has played a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PAH. However, the role of caspase-11, another inflammatory caspase, remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the role of caspase-11 in the development of PAH and its mechanism on endothelial cell function. METHODS The role of caspase-11 in the progression of PAH and vascular remodeling was assessed in vivo. In vitro, the effect of caspase-4 silencing on the human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells pyroptosis was determined. RESULTS We confirmed that caspase-11 and its human homolog caspase-4 were activated in PAH animal models and TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α-induced human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Caspase-11-/- relieved right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricle hypertrophy, and vascular remodeling in Sugen-5416 combined with chronic hypoxia mice model. Meanwhile, pharmacological inhibition of caspase-11 with wedelolactone exhibited alleviated development of PAH on the monocrotaline-induced rat model. Moreover, knockdown of caspase-4 repressed the onset of TNF-α-induced pyroptosis in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and inhibited the activation of pyroptosis effector GSDMD (gasdermin D) and GSDME (gasdermin E). CONCLUSIONS These observations identified the critical role of caspase-4/11 in the pyroptosis pathway to modulate pulmonary vascular dysfunction and accelerate the progression of PAH. Our findings provide a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Wu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China (Y.W., X.L.).,Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (Y.W., Z.Z., Y.L., A.F.C.)
| | - Bingjie Pan
- Liuzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China (B.P.)
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (Y.W., Z.Z., Y.L., A.F.C.)
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China (Y.W., X.L.)
| | - Yiping Leng
- Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (Y.W., Z.Z., Y.L., A.F.C.).,The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Research Center for Phase I Clinical Trials, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China (Y.L.)
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (Y.J.)
| | - Kun Sun
- Institute for Cardiovascular Development and Regenerative Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (K.S., A.F.C.)
| | - Alex F Chen
- Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (Y.W., Z.Z., Y.L., A.F.C.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Development and Regenerative Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (K.S., A.F.C.)
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5
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The S100 Protein Family as Players and Therapeutic Targets in Pulmonary Diseases. Pulm Med 2021; 2021:5488591. [PMID: 34239729 PMCID: PMC8214497 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5488591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The S100 protein family consists of over 20 members in humans that are involved in many intracellular and extracellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, Ca2+ homeostasis, energy metabolism, inflammation, tissue repair, and migration/invasion. Although there are structural similarities between each member, they are not functionally interchangeable. The S100 proteins function both as intracellular Ca2+ sensors and as extracellular factors. Dysregulated responses of multiple members of the S100 family are observed in several diseases, including the lungs (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer). To this degree, extensive research was undertaken to identify their roles in pulmonary disease pathogenesis and the identification of inhibitors for several S100 family members that have progressed to clinical trials in patients for nonpulmonary conditions. This review outlines the potential role of each S100 protein in pulmonary diseases, details the possible mechanisms observed in diseases, and outlines potential therapeutic strategies for treatment.
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Rigopoulos AG, Kalogeropoulos AS, Tsoporis JN, Sakadakis EA, Triantafyllis AS, Noutsias M, Gupta S, Parker TG, Rizos I. Heat Shock Protein 70 Is Associated With Cardioversion Outcome and Recurrence of Symptomatic Recent Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertensive Patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:360-369. [PMID: 33298735 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Accumulating evidence indicates that heat shock proteins (HSPs) may represent a suitable biomarker to predict atrial fibrillation (AF). We investigated the relation of circulating serum HSP70 (sHSP70) with inflammatory cytokines and recurrence of symptomatic recent onset AF (ROAF). We enrolled 90 patients with ROAF (the duration from onset of symptoms ≤24 hours) and 30 controls. Patients received amiodarone for cardioversion and rhythm control. The association of serum HSP70, serum interleukin-2 (sIL-2), and serum interleukin-4 (sIL-4) with the presence of cardioversion and AF recurrence within a year was investigated. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling dependence for IL-2 and IL-4 induction in response to stimulation with HSP70 was tested in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cell cultures. Patients had higher sHSP70 and sIL-2 and lower sIL-4 compared with controls. Serum HSP70 was independently associated with ROAF (P = 0.005) and correlated with sIL-2 (r = 0.494, P < 0.001) and sIL-4 (r = -0.550, P < 0.001). By 48 hours, 71 of the 90 patients were cardioverted, with noncardioverted patients having higher sHSP70 and sIL-2 and lower sIL-4, which were the only independent factors associated with cardioversion. AF recurred in 38 of the 71 cardioverted patients in 1 year. A cutoff value of sHSP70 ≥0.65 ng/mL and sIL-2 ≥0.21 pg/mL was the only independent factor associated with AF recurrence (hazard ratio: 3.311, 95% confidence interval: 1.503-7.293, P = 0.003 and hazard ratio: 3.144, 95% confidence interval: 1.341-7.374, P = 0.008, respectively). The exposure of smooth muscle cell to HSP70 in vitro increased the expression of IL-2 (5×) and IL-4 (1.5×) through TLR4-dependent and receptor-independent mechanisms. In conclusion, sHSP70 and sIL-2 might constitute a prognostic tool for determining the cardioversion and recurrence likelihood in ROAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos G Rigopoulos
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Mid-German Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany ; and
| | - Andreas S Kalogeropoulos
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - James N Tsoporis
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eleftherios A Sakadakis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas S Triantafyllis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michel Noutsias
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Mid-German Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany ; and
| | - Sahil Gupta
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas G Parker
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ioannis Rizos
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Sugimoto K, Yokokawa T, Misaka T, Kaneshiro T, Yamada S, Yoshihisa A, Nakazato K, Takeishi Y. Endothelin-1 Upregulates Activin Receptor-Like Kinase-1 Expression via G i/RhoA/Sp-1/Rho Kinase Pathways in Human Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:648981. [PMID: 33708809 PMCID: PMC7940194 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.648981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and organic stenosis. It has been demonstrated that endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces pulmonary vasoconstriction through the activation of RhoA. In addition, a gene mutation of activin receptor-like kinase (ACVRL)-1 is recognized in PAH patients. However, little is known about the association between ET-1 and ACVRL-1. Objective: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of ET-1 on ACVRL-1 expression and delineate the involvement of the Gi/RhoA/Rho kinase pathway. Methods: ET-1 was added to culture medium of human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs). Pre-treatment with pertussis toxin (PTX) or exoenzyme C3 transferase (C3T) was performed for inhibition of Gi or RhoA, respectively. Rho kinase was inhibited by Y27632. Mithramycin A was used for inhibition of Sp-1, which is a transcriptional factor of ACVRL-1. The active form of RhoA (GTP-RhoA) was assessed by pull-down assay. Results: ACVRL-1 expression was increased by ET-1 in the PAECs. Pull-down assay revealed that ET-1 induced GTP-loading of RhoA, which was suppressed by pre-treatment with PTX or C3T. Further, PTX, C3T, and Y27632 suppressed the ET-1-induced ACVRL-1 expression. ET-1 increased the activity of the ACVRL-1 promoter and stabilized the ACVRL-1 mRNA. Sp-1 peaked 15 min after adding ET-1 to the PAECs. PTX and C3T prevented the increase of Sp-1 induced by ET-1. Inhibition of Sp-1 by mithramycin A suppressed ET-1-induced ACVRL-1 upregulation. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that ET-1 increases ACVRL-1 expression in human PAECs via the Gi/RhoA/Rho kinase pathway with the involvement of Sp-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Sugimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Pulmonary Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yokokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Pulmonary Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Misaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaneshiro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akiomi Yoshihisa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakazato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Yu Z, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Song J, Gao X, Sun T, Liu Y, Yang J, Wang T, Liu J. Intracavernosal Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated S100A1 Gene Transfer Enhances Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats by Promoting Cavernous Angiogenesis via VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Signaling. J Sex Med 2019; 16:1344-1354. [PMID: 31378707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Novel therapeutic targets for diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction (DED) are urgently needed. Previous studies have proved that S100A1, a small Ca2+-binding protein, is a pluripotent regulator of cardiovascular pathophysiology. Its absence is associated with endothelial dysfunction, the central event linking cardiovascular changes in diabetes. However, the role of S100A1 in DED remains unknown. AIM To explore the effect and underlying mechanisms of S100A1 in restoring erectile function in type I diabetic rat model. METHODS Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and then screened by apomorphine (APO) to confirm erectile dysfunction. Rats that met the criteria of penile erection were marked as APO-positive; otherwise, the result was APO-negative. In experiment 1, S100A1 gene expression alterations in the corpus cavernosum in moderate and established stages of DED were analyzed. In experiment 2, S100A1 and control GFP gene were delivered into the corpus cavernosum in APO-negative rats by adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 9. Erectile function was assessed at 4 weeks after gene therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Erectile response, histologic and molecular alterations. RESULTS S100A1 protein was localized to the area surrounding the cavernosal sinusoids in the penis, and it was gradually downregulated synchronized with the progression of DED. Compared with an injection of AAV-GFP, a single injection of AAV-S100A1 significantly restored erectile function in diabetic rats. S100A1 overexpression significantly upregulated the expression of endogenous VEGF-A, promoted VEGFR2 internalization, and subsequently triggered the protein kinase B-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway in diabetic erectile tissues. Marked increases in nitric oxide and endothelial content were noted in AAV-S100A1-treated diabetic rats. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Local S100A1 overexpression may be an alternative therapy for DED and should be further investigated by future clinical studies. STRENGTH & LIMITATIONS This is the first study demonstrating the angiogenic role of S100A1 in DED, but does not preclude the contribution of the effects of S100A1 in other tissues such as the neuronal tissue on the functional effects observed in erectile responses. CONCLUSION The decreased expression of S100A1 during hyperglycemia might be important in the development of erectile dysfunction. S100A1 may play a potential role in restoring erectile function in rats with DED through modulating cavernous angiogenesis. Yu Z, Zhang Y, Tang Z, et al. Intracavernosal Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated S100A1 Gene Transfer Enhances Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats by Promoting Cavernous Angiogenesis via VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Signaling. J Sex Med 2019;16:1344-1354.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyu Song
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xintao Gao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Taotao Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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9
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Kruse CPS, Cottrill DA, Kopchick JJ. Could calgranulins and advanced glycated end products potentiate acromegaly pathophysiology? Growth Horm IGF Res 2019; 46-47:1-4. [PMID: 31071497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) exerts a diverse set of effects across many tissues including fat, muscle, bone, kidney, heart, and liver. GH is also a diabetogenic hormone in that it inhibits the actions of insulin. Acromegaly, a condition traditionally characterized by increased levels of growth hormone secretion as a result of pituitary adenoma, results in increased tissue growth, lipolysis, and can result in patients with hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. While current treatment modalities have greatly improved prognoses for most patients, a significant number present clinical symptoms of acromegaly with elevated levels of IGF-1 in the absence of increased GH levels, a phenomenon known as micromegaly. This condition presents a challenge to most currently used treatments since the high circulating IGF-1 levels are independent of elevated levels of GH. It has been previously shown that advanced glycation end products (AGE) can stimulate IGF-1 secretion by human monocytes in vitro, demonstrating a possible mechanism for increased IGF-1 levels. To further investigate AGE/GH/IGF-1 interaction, we have reanalyzed a publicly available RNAseq dataset from subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with acromegaly. S100A1, a member of the calgranulin family of proteins and ligand of the AGE receptor, was shown to be significantly upregulated in patients with acromegaly. These findings identify an important consideration that may help explain the counterintuitive nature of micromegaly, while simultaneously providing new insight into the role of GH in diabetic, inflammatory, and immune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin P S Kruse
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Center, 172 Water Tower Dr., Athens, OH 45701, United States of America; Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, 317A Porter Hall, Athens, OH 45701, United States of America
| | - David A Cottrill
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Center, 172 Water Tower Dr., Athens, OH 45701, United States of America; Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, 317A Porter Hall, Athens, OH 45701, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, 107 Irvine Hall, Athens, OH 45701, United States of America
| | - John J Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Center, 172 Water Tower Dr., Athens, OH 45701, United States of America; Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, 317A Porter Hall, Athens, OH 45701, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, 107 Irvine Hall, Athens, OH 45701, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, 204 Ohio University, Grosvenor Hall, Athens, OH 45701, United States of America.
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10
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Tsoporis JN, Fazio A, Rizos IK, Izhar S, Proteau G, Salpeas V, Rigopoulos A, Sakadakis E, Toumpoulis IK, Parker TG. Increased right atrial appendage apoptosis is associated with differential regulation of candidate MicroRNAs 1 and 133A in patients who developed atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 121:25-32. [PMID: 29885959 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) following on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We investigated the possibility that miRs may play a contributory role in postoperative AF and associated apoptosis. A total of 42 patients (31 males and 11 females, mean age 65.0 ± 1.3 years) with sinus rhythm and without a history of AF were prospectively enrolled. We examined the levels of the muscle-specific miRs 1 and 133A and markers of apoptosis including TUNEL staining, caspase-3 activation, Bcl2 and Bax mRNAs in right atrial appendage (RAA) biopsies and blood plasma taken before aortic cross-clamping and after reperfusion. After reperfusion, indices of apoptosis increased the RAA. There was no change in tissue or plasma miR -1 and -133A levels compared to pre CABG. However, in patients who postoperatively developed AF (n = 14, 7 males and 7 females), compared to patients that remained in SR (n = 28, 24 males and 4 females) post CABG, tissue miR-1 increased whereas miR-133A decreased and negatively correlated with RAA apoptosis. Mechanistically, overexpression of miR-133A inhibited hypoxia-induced rat neonatal cardiomyocyte apoptosis and phosphorylated pro-survival Akt, responses abolished by a miR-133A antisense inhibitor oligonucleotide or by pre-treatment with an Akt inhibitor. In postoperative AF, differential regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic miRs-1 and -133A respectively in the RAA, may contribute to postoperative apoptosis. These results provide new insights into molecular mechanisms of postoperative AF with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Tsoporis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Anastasia Fazio
- 2nd Academic Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis K Rizos
- 2nd Academic Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Shehla Izhar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerald Proteau
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Vasileos Salpeas
- 2nd Academic Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Rigopoulos
- 2nd Academic Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Sakadakis
- 2nd Academic Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis K Toumpoulis
- 2nd Academic Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas G Parker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
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Gal D, Sipido KR, Vandevelde W. Editorial highlights from Cardiovascular Research. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:e64-e68. [PMID: 29186440 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diane Gal
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wouter Vandevelde
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Vanhoutte PM, Shimokawa H, Feletou M, Tang EHC. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease - a 30th anniversary update. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:22-96. [PMID: 26706498 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 553] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium can evoke relaxations of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by releasing vasodilator substances. The best-characterized endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is nitric oxide (NO) which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase in the vascular smooth muscle cells, with the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) initiating relaxation. The endothelial cells also evoke hyperpolarization of the cell membrane of vascular smooth muscle (endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, EDH-mediated responses). As regards the latter, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) now appears to play a dominant role. Endothelium-dependent relaxations involve both pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi (e.g. responses to α2 -adrenergic agonists, serotonin, and thrombin) and pertussis toxin-insensitive Gq (e.g. adenosine diphosphate and bradykinin) coupling proteins. New stimulators (e.g. insulin, adiponectin) of the release of EDRFs have emerged. In recent years, evidence has also accumulated, confirming that the release of NO by the endothelial cell can chronically be upregulated (e.g. by oestrogens, exercise and dietary factors) and downregulated (e.g. oxidative stress, smoking, pollution and oxidized low-density lipoproteins) and that it is reduced with ageing and in the course of vascular disease (e.g. diabetes and hypertension). Arteries covered with regenerated endothelium (e.g. following angioplasty) selectively lose the pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway for NO release which favours vasospasm, thrombosis, penetration of macrophages, cellular growth and the inflammatory reaction leading to atherosclerosis. In addition to the release of NO (and EDH, in particular those due to H2 O2 ), endothelial cells also can evoke contraction of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells by releasing endothelium-derived contracting factors. Recent evidence confirms that most endothelium-dependent acute increases in contractile force are due to the formation of vasoconstrictor prostanoids (endoperoxides and prostacyclin) which activate TP receptors of the vascular smooth muscle cells and that prostacyclin plays a key role in such responses. Endothelium-dependent contractions are exacerbated when the production of nitric oxide is impaired (e.g. by oxidative stress, ageing, spontaneous hypertension and diabetes). They contribute to the blunting of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations in aged subjects and essential hypertensive and diabetic patients. In addition, recent data confirm that the release of endothelin-1 can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and that the peptide appears to be an important contributor to vascular dysfunction. Finally, it has become clear that nitric oxide itself, under certain conditions (e.g. hypoxia), can cause biased activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to the production of cyclic inosine monophosphate (cIMP) rather than cGMP and hence causes contraction rather than relaxation of the underlying vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
| | - H. Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - M. Feletou
- Department of Cardiovascular Research; Institut de Recherches Servier; Suresnes France
| | - E. H. C. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
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13
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Rohde D, Busch M, Volkert A, Ritterhoff J, Katus HA, Peppel K, Most P. Cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and cardiac fibroblasts: S100A1's triple action in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Future Cardiol 2016; 11:309-21. [PMID: 26021637 DOI: 10.2217/fca.15.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, basic and translational research delivered comprehensive evidence for the relevance of the Ca(2+)-binding protein S100A1 in cardiovascular diseases. Aberrant expression levels of S100A1 surfaced as molecular key defects, driving the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure, arterial and pulmonary hypertension, peripheral artery disease and disturbed myocardial infarction healing. Loss of intracellular S100A1 renders entire Ca(2+)-controlled networks dysfunctional, thereby leading to cardiomyocyte failure and endothelial dysfunction. Lack of S100A1 release in ischemic myocardium compromises cardiac fibroblast function, entailing impaired damage healing. This review focuses on molecular pathways and signaling cascades regulated by S100A1 in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and cardiac fibroblasts in order to provide an overview of our current mechanistic understanding of S100A1's action in cardiovascular pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hugo A Katus
- 2German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Peppel
- 3Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,4uniQure GmbH, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Most
- 2German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,3Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,4uniQure GmbH, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Zhang Y, Zou C, Yang S, Fu J. P120 catenin attenuates the angiotensin II-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by suppressing the mitochondrial pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:623-30. [PMID: 26848040 PMCID: PMC4771121 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension Hypertension impairs the morphological and functional integrity of circulation. Previous research has shown that the loss of endothelial cells (ECs) is a common event in many cardiovascular diseases. p120 catenin (p120ctn) plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory responses in ECs. However, the functional significance of p120ctn in angiotensin II (AngII)-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) had not previously received much scholarly attention. In the present study, using western blot analysis and RT-PCR, we found that AngII-induced cell apoptosis was correlated with a significant decrease in p120ctn expression. The effect of AngII on cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Knockdown of p120ctn with small hairpin RNA (shRNA) increased AngII-induced apoptosis of HUVECs, as demonstrated by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometric analysis. Knockdown of p120ctn with shRNA also increased cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, and cleaved caspase-3 and -9 protein expression. These were accompanied by a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio (Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression were measured by western blot analysis), and in mitochondrial membrane potential, as measured using JC-1. Overexpression of p120ctn with adenovirus produced opposite effects. In the present study, we demonstrated that p120ctn attenuated AngII-induced apoptosis of HUVECs through the mitochondria-dependent pathway, suggesting that p120ctn plays a critical role in protecting ECs against apoptosis during hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of VIP Medical Service, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Chenshuang Zou
- Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Neuroimmunology and Neurology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shuwen Yang
- Department of VIP Medical Service, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of VIP Medical Service, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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