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Liu JA, Walton JC, Bumgarner JR, Walker WH, Meléndez-Fernández OH, DeVries AC, Nelson RJ. Chronic exposure to dim light at night disrupts cell-mediated immune response and decreases longevity in aged female mice. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1674-1683. [PMID: 36268694 PMCID: PMC9904366 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2135442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological cycles that regulate physiology and behavior for optimal adaptive function and survival; they are synchronized to precisely 24 hours by daily light exposure. Disruption of the daily light-dark (LD) cycle by exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) dysregulates core clock genes and biological function. Exposure to ALAN has been associated with increased health risks in humans, and elderly individuals are at elevated risk for poor outcome from disease and often experience elevated exposure to ALAN due to increased care requirements. The role of disrupted circadian rhythms in healthy, aged animals remains unspecified; thus, we hypothesized that disrupted circadian rhythms via chronic exposure to dim ALAN (dLAN) impair immune response and survival in aged mice. Twenty-month-old C57BL/6 male and female mice were exposed to 24 weeks of LD conditions or dLAN (5 lux); then, cell-mediated immune response was assessed using a delayed-type hypersensitivity test. Aged female mice exposed to dLAN displayed dysregulated hypersensitivity and inflammation as a measure of cell-mediated immune response and decreased lifespan compared to females housed in dark nights. Nighttime lighting did not affect cell-mediated immune response or lifespan in males but dysregulated body mass and increased adrenal mass after immune challenge after chronic exposure to dLAN. Together, these data indicate that chronic exposure to dLAN affects lifespan in aged females and suggest that females are more susceptible to the detrimental consequences of disrupted circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute
| | - James C. Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute
| | | | | | | | - A. Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Randy J. Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute
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2
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Yanai H, Dunn C, Park B, Coletta C, McDevitt RA, McNeely T, Leone M, Wersto RP, Perdue KA, Beerman I. Male rat leukocyte population dynamics predict a window for intervention in aging. eLife 2022; 11:76808. [PMID: 35507394 PMCID: PMC9150891 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many age-associated changes in the human hematopoietic system have been reproduced in murine models; however, such changes have not been as robustly explored in rats despite the fact these larger rodents are more physiologically similar to humans. We examined peripheral blood of male F344 rats ranging from 3 to 27 months of age and found significant age-associated changes with distinct leukocyte population shifts. We report CD25+ CD4+ population frequency is a strong predictor of healthy aging, generate a model using blood parameters, and find rats with blood profiles that diverge from chronologic age indicate debility; thus, assessments of blood composition may be useful for non-lethal disease profiling or as a surrogate measure for efficacy of aging interventions. Importantly, blood parameters and DNA methylation alterations, defined distinct juncture points during aging, supporting a non-linear aging process. Our results suggest these inflection points are important considerations for aging interventions. Overall, we present rat blood aging metrics that can serve as a resource to evaluate health and the effects of interventions in a model system physiologically more reflective of humans. Our blood contains many types of white blood cells, which play important roles in defending the body against infections and other threats to our health. The number of these cells changes with age, and this in turn contributes to many other alterations that happen in the body as we get older. For example, the immune system generally gets weaker at fighting infections and preventing other cells from developing into cancer. On top of that, the white blood cells themselves can become cancerous, resulting in several types of blood cancer that are more likely to happen in older people. Many previous studies have examined how the number of white blood cells changes with age in humans and mice. However, our understanding of this process in rats is still poor, despite the fact that the way the human body works has more in common with the rat body than the mouse body. Here, Yanai, Dunn et al. have studied samples of blood from rats between three to 27 months old. The experiments found that it is possible to accurately predict the age of healthy rats by measuring the frequency of populations of white blood cells, especially a certain type known as CD25+ CD4+ cells. If the animals had any form of illness, their predicted age deviated from their actual age. Furthermore, while some changes in the blood were gradual and continuous, others displayed distinct shifts when the rats reached specific ages. In the future, these findings may be used as a tool to help researchers diagnose illnesses in rats before the animals develop symptoms, or to more easily establish if a treatment is having a positive effect on the rats’ health. The work of Yanai, Dunn et al. also provides new insights into aging that could potentially aid the design of new screening methods to predict cancer and intervene using a model system that is more similar to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Yanai
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Christopher Dunn
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Bongsoo Park
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Christopher Coletta
- Computational Biology and Genomics Core, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ross A McDevitt
- Comparative Medicine Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Taylor McNeely
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Michael Leone
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Robert P Wersto
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Kathy A Perdue
- Comparative Medicine Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Isabel Beerman
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
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Izquierdo JL, Soriano JB, González Y, Lumbreras S, Ancochea J, Echeverry C, Rodríguez JM. Use of N-Acetylcysteine at high doses as an oral treatment for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221074574. [PMID: 35084258 PMCID: PMC8795755 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221074574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Infection by SARS-CoV-2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be
associated with serious and life-threatening conditions, including acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severity and mortality have been related
to a cytokine storm, an imbalance of oxidative stress, and a pro-thrombotic
state. We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study from a community-based
large population of hospitalized COVID-19 PCR + patients admitted from March 01,
2020, to January 24, 2021, with integrated primary to tertiary care information
in Castilla la Mancha, Spain. We explored the potential benefits of the
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
administered orally in high doses (600 mg every 8 h), added to standard of care
in COVID-19 patients by using the free text information contained in their
electronic health records (EHRs). Out of 19,208 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 hospitalized, we studied 2071
(10.8%) users of oral NAC at high doses. COVID-19 patients treated with NAC were
older, predominantly male, and with more comorbidities such as hypertension,
dyslipidemia, diabetes, and COPD when compared with those not on NAC (all
p < 0.05). Despite greater baseline risk, use of NAC in
COVID-19 patients was associated with significantly lower mortality (OR 0.56;
95%CI 0.47–0.67), a finding that remained significant in a multivariate analysis
adjusting by baseline characteristics and concomitant use of corticosteroids.
There were no significant differences with the use of NAC on the mean duration
of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit or use of invasive
mechanical ventilation. The observed association signaling to better relevant
outcomes in COVID-19 patients treated with NAC at high doses should be further
explored in other settings and populations and in randomized controlled
trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Izquierdo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Joan B Soriano
- Respiratory Medicine, 16517Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sara Lumbreras
- SAVANA.,16768Universidad Pontificia Comillas-IIT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Ancochea
- Respiratory Medicine, 16517Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Miguel Rodríguez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine, 16269Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Supplementation with a Natural Source of Amino Acids, Sil-Q1 (Silk Peptide), Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity: A Redesigned Clinical Trial with a Reduced Supplementation Dose and Minimized Seasonal Effects in a Larger Population. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092930. [PMID: 34578808 PMCID: PMC8466343 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to re-validate the changes in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and cytokines related to T cells after Sil-Q1 (SQ; silk peptide) supplementation in a larger pool of Korean adults with minimized daily dose of SQ and controlling seasonal influence compared to the previous study. A total of 130 subjects were randomly assigned (1:1) to consume either 7.5 g of SQ or placebo for 8 weeks. NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokines were measured at T0 (baseline) and T8 (follow-up). Comparing the NK cell cytotoxicity values at T0 and T8 within each group, the cytotoxicity at all effector cell (E) to target cell (T) ratios of 10:1, 5:1, 2.5:1, and 1.25:1 was significantly increased in the SQ group at T8. Additionally, significant differences in the changed value (Δ, subtract baseline values from follow-up values) comparison between the groups at E:T = 10:1, 5:1, and 2.5:1 were found. As a secondary endpoint, the interleukin (IL)-12 level in the SQ group was significantly increased for 8 weeks, and Δ IL-12 in the SQ group was greater than in the placebo group. In conclusion, the present study showed considerable practical implications of SQ supplementation. Thus, SQ is an effective and safe functional food supplement for enhancing immune function.
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Oh S, Chun S, Hwang S, Kim J, Cho Y, Lee J, Kwack K, Choi SW. Vitamin D and Exercise Are Major Determinants of Natural Killer Cell Activity, Which Is Age- and Gender-Specific. Front Immunol 2021; 12:594356. [PMID: 34248925 PMCID: PMC8261050 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.594356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic reminds us of the importance of immune function, even in immunologically normal individuals. Multiple lifestyle factors are known to influence the immune function. Objective The aim was to investigate the association between NK cell activity (NKA) and multiple factors including vitamin D, physical exercise, age, and gender. Methods This was a cross-sectional association study using health check-up and NKA data of 2,095 subjects collected from 2016 to 2018 in a health check-up center in the Republic of Korea. NKA was measured using the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) stimulation method. The association of NKA with 25-(OH)-vitamin D (25(OH)D) and other factors was investigated by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The average age of subjects was 48.8 ± 11.6 years (52.9% of subjects were female). Among 2,095 subjects, 1,427 had normal NKA (NKA ≥ 500 pg IFN-γ/mL), while 506 had low NKA (100 ≤ NKA < 500 pg/mL), and 162 subjects had very low NKA (NKA < 100 pg/mL). Compared to men with low 25(OH)D serum level (< 20 ng/mL), vitamin D replete men (30–39.9 ng/mL) had significantly lower risk of very low NKA (OR: 0.358; 95% CI: 0.138, 0.929; P = 0.035). In women, both low exercise (OR: 0.529; 95% CI: 0.299, 0.939; P = 0.030) and medium to high exercise (OR: 0.522; 95% CI: 0.277, 0.981; P = 0.043) decreased the risk compared to lack of physical exercise. Interestingly, in men and women older than 60 years, physical exercise significantly decreased the risk. Older-age was associated with increased risk of very low NKA in men, but not in women. Conclusion Physical exercise and vitamin D were associated with NKA in a gender- and age-dependent manner. Age was a major risk factor of very low NKA in men but not in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Oh
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sukyung Chun
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sena Hwang
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongseok Kim
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuri Cho
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jooho Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - KyuBum Kwack
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woon Choi
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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Murdoch JC, Elwood M, Aye PS. Serial tests of T-cell function predict long-term survival in an elderly cohort from a Scottish general practice. J Prim Health Care 2021; 12:21-28. [PMID: 32223846 DOI: 10.1071/hc19079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The care of the elderly presents serious challenges to general practice. In 1979, the first author took over the care of a general practice in Scotland where 21% of registered patients were elderly. This resulted in a high workload and prompted research into how this might be mitigated. AIM To measure serial tests of T-cell function in these individuals in order to identify those whose immune response was impaired and assess the effect of this in a long term follow up. METHODS This research comprised two phases. In the assessment phase (1979-82), patients were invited to have a 3-monthly visit from a research nurse where clinical measurements were made and blood taken for immunological tests of lymphocyte proliferation after culture with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). For each patient, all records were surveyed and problems identified. In the follow-up phase (post 1982), all deaths were assessed with complete life-long follow up. RESULTS Of 405 people originally invited to participate in this research, 314 (78%) agreed and 246 (153 female, 93 male) entered the follow-up phase and were followed for 36.5 years. Factors significantly associated with lower survival were age, male sex, diastolic blood pressure, current smoking and poor immune function, as demonstrated by the percentage of negative responses in at least six PHA tests. Considered in four groups by percentage of failing tests, the lowest group had a life span 4 years shorter than the highest (P<0.01). The four groups did not differ significantly in general practitioner workload, diagnosed problems or causes of death. DISCUSSION Poor cellular immune function was associated with poor survival over lifetime follow up of >30 years. A sensitive, specific and longitudinally consistent measure of T-cell function is required to predict who may be at risk of poorer survival within our practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Murdoch
- Department of General Practice and Rural Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand; and Corresponding author.
| | - M Elwood
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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7
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Martínez de Toda I, Vida C, Díaz-Del Cerro E, De la Fuente M. The Immunity Clock. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1939-1945. [PMID: 33979432 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system has been for long considered a marker of health. The age-related decline in its function results in a greater incidence of infections, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Nevertheless, it is still not known if immune function can be used to accurately estimate the rate of aging of an individual. A set of 14 immune function variables were measured in 214 healthy individuals ranging from 19 to 88 years old. All immune variables were selected as independent variables for the prediction of age by multiple linear regression (MLR). The Immunity Clock was constructed including the following 5 immune variables: natural killer activity, phagocytosis and chemotaxis of neutrophils and chemotaxis and proliferative capacity of lymphocytes reaching an adjusted R 2 of 80.3% and a standard error of the estimate of 4.74 years. The Immunity Clock was validated in a different group of healthy individuals (N=106) obtaining a Pearson´s correlation coefficient of 0.898 (p < 0.001) between chronological age and the age estimated by the Immunity Clock, the ImmunolAge. Moreover, we demonstrate that women with anxiety (N=10) show a higher ImmunolAge than their chronological age whereas healthy centenarians (N=8) show a lower one. In addition, the Immunity Clock provided here proves to be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention lasting one month, by detecting a diminished ImmunolAge in the same individuals. Further research will be needed to ascertain if the Immunity Clock is a passive marker of the aging process or it plays an active role in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vida
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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8
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Martínez De Toda I, Vida C, García-Salmones M, Alonso-Fernández P, De La Fuente M. Immune Function, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Markers in Centenarians as Potential Predictors of Survival and Indicators of Recovery After Hospital Admission. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:1827-1833. [PMID: 31628457 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Several parameters of immune function, oxidative, and inflammatory stresses have been proposed as markers of health and predictors of longevity and mortality. However, it is unknown if any of these parameters can be used as predictors of survival in centenarians. Therefore, in a group of 27 centenarians, at the time of admission to the Clinical Hospital of Madrid, a series of immune function, antioxidant, oxidant, and inflammatory parameters were studied. Some centenarians survived and others did not, thus establishing two groups, "survivors" (n = 9) and "nonsurvivors" (n = 18). The results show that surviving centenarians display higher neutrophil chemotaxis and microbicidal capacity, natural killer activity, lymphoproliferation, glutathione reductase activity, and basal interleukin-10 release. Moreover, lower neutrophil and lymphocyte adherence, superoxide anion and malondialdehyde concentrations, and basal release of tumor necrosis factor α are also reported. The odds ratios for survival for these parameters were also calculated, with the highest odds ratios being the lymphoproliferative capacity and the ex vivo basal and stimulated release of interleukin-6 from mononuclear cells (odds ratio = 136.00). Therefore, these parameters have the potential to be used in the clinical setting as predictors of survival in centenarians. In the survivors group, the same parameters were also analyzed after 3 months. Because survivors showed an increase in neutrophil and lymphocyte chemotaxis capacity during the recovery period, reaching similar values to those observed in healthy centenarians, these parameters could be proposed as indicators of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez De Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vida
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mónica De La Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Díaz-Del Cerro E, Vida C, Martínez de Toda I, Félix J, De la Fuente M. The use of a bed with an insulating system of electromagnetic fields improves immune function, redox and inflammatory states, and decrease the rate of aging. Environ Health 2020; 19:118. [PMID: 33228714 PMCID: PMC7685570 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune system, as a homeostatic system, is an excellent marker of health and has also been proposed as an indicator of the rate of aging. The base of the age-related changes in the immune system, "immunosenescence", is oxidative-inflammatory stress. Studies have shown that long-term exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produced by technology causes inhibitory effects on the immune response and increases oxidation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of resting on an EMF-insulated system on several immune functions, the oxidative-inflammatory state and subsequently the rate of aging (biological age). METHODS Several immune functions, in peripheral blood neutrophils and mononuclear cells, of 31 volunteers were analyzed before and after 2 months of using a bed with the patented HOGO system, which insulated participants against EMFs. Several oxidative and inflammatory parameters, in whole blood cells, were also studied. The biological age was calculated using a mathematical formula, which was based on several immune function parameters. A placebo group of 11 people using beds without that property were used as a control. RESULTS The results showed a significant improvement of immune functions and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defenses after using the HOGO system for 2 months. In addition, a decrease in oxidants and pro-inflammatory compounds, a lowering of oxidative damage in lipids and in DNA as well as a reduction of calculated biological age was also observed. The placebo group did not show any changes. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 2 months of resting on a bed insulated from EMFs demonstrates improvement in immune function, oxidative-inflammatory state and biological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Vida
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Applied Molecular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Félix
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unity of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Shi Z, Puyo CA. N-Acetylcysteine to Combat COVID-19: An Evidence Review. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2020; 16:1047-1055. [PMID: 33177829 PMCID: PMC7649937 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s273700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a virus (SARS-Cov-2) and is known for inducing multisystem organ dysfunction associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Current therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 have failed to effectively reduce mortality rate, especially for elderly patients. A newly developed vaccine against SARS-Cov-2 has been reported to induce the production of neutralizing antibodies in young volunteers. However, the vaccine has shown limited benefit in the elderly, suggesting an age-dependent immune response. As a result, exploring new applications of existing medications could potentially provide valuable treatments for COVID-19. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used in clinical practice to treat critically ill septic patients, and more recently for COVID-19 patients. NAC has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating characteristics that may prove beneficial in the treatment and prevention of SARS-Cov-2. This review offers a thorough analysis of NAC and discusses its potential use for treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Shi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos A Puyo
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Holy Family Hospital, Steward Health Care, Methuen, MA, USA
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11
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Sharma R, Padwad Y. Nutraceuticals-Based Immunotherapeutic Concepts and Opportunities for the Mitigation of Cellular Senescence and Aging: A Narrative Review. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 63:101141. [PMID: 32810647 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of increased tissue senescent cell (SC) burden in driving the process of ageing and associated disorders is rapidly gaining attention. Amongst various plausible factors, impairment in immune functions is emerging as a critical regulator of known age-associated accumulation of SC. Immune cells dysfunctions with age are multi-faceted and are uniquely attributed to the independent processes of immunosenescence and cellular senescence which may collectively impair immune system mediated clearance of SC. Moreover, being functionally and phenotypically heterogenic, immune cells are also liable to be affected by senescence microenvironment in other tissues. Therefore, strategies aimed at improving immunosenescence and cellular senescence in immune cells can have pleiotropic effects on ageing physiology including the accumulation of SC. In this regard, nutraceutical's immunomodulatory attributes are well documented which may have implications in developing nutrition-oriented immunotherapeutic approaches against SC. In particular, the three diverse sources of bioactive ingredients, viz., phytochemicals, probiotic bacteria and omega-3-fatty acids have shown promising anti-immunosenescence and anti-cellular senescence potential in immune cells influencing aging and immunity in ways beyond modest stimulation of immune responses. The present narrative review describes the preventive and therapeutic attributes of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, probiotic microbes and omega-3-fatty acids in influencing the emerging nexus of immunosenescence, cellular senescence and SC during aging. Outstanding questions and nutraceuticals-based pro-longevity and niche research areas have been deliberated. Further research using integrative approaches is recommended for developing nutrition-based holistic immunotherapeutic strategies for 'healthy ageing'.
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De la Fuente M, Sánchez C, Vallejo C, Díaz-Del Cerro E, Arnalich F, Hernanz Á. Vitamin C and vitamin C plus E improve the immune function in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111118. [PMID: 33091525 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With aging the immune response is impaired. This immunosenescence, in which an alteration of the redox state of the immune cells appears, is involved in the rate of aging. Since leukocyte function is a good marker of health and predictor of longevity, the effects of daily oral administration of the antioxidant vitamin C (500 mg), or both vitamin C (500 mg) and vitamin E (200 mg) on several blood neutrophil (adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and superoxide anion levels) and lymphocyte (adherence, chemotaxis, proliferation, interleukin-2 secretion and natural killer activity) functions were studied in healthy elderly men and women. These parameters were analysed before supplementation, after 3 months of supplementation, and 6 months after the end of supplementation. The results showed that vitamin C, in elderly participants, improved the immune functions studied which achieved values close to those of young adults. These effects were maintained in several functions after 6 months without supplementation. Similar effects were found in the elderly supplemented with both vitamin C and E. Thus, a short period of vitamin C or vitamin C and E ingestion, with the doses used, improves the immune function in elderly men and women and could contribute to a healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vallejo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Ángel Hernanz
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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Song L, Yuan J, Ni S, Zhou Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Zhang S. Enhancement of adaptive immune responses of aged mice by dietary intake of β-glucans, with special emphasis on anti-aging activity. Mol Immunol 2020; 117:160-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Garrido A, Cruces J, Ceprián N, Vara E, de la Fuente M. Oxidative-Inflammatory Stress in Immune Cells from Adult Mice with Premature Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030769. [PMID: 30759732 PMCID: PMC6387005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative and inflammatory stresses are closely related processes, which contribute to age-associated impairments that affect the regulatory systems such as the immune system and its immunosenescence. Therefore, the aim of this work was to confirm whether an oxidative/inflammatory stress occurs in immune cells from adult mice with premature aging, similar to that shown in leukocytes from chronologically old animals, and if this results in immunosenescence. Several oxidants/antioxidants and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed in peritoneal leukocytes from adult female CD1 mice in two models of premature aging—(a) prematurely aging mice (PAM) and (b) mice with the deletion of a single allele (hemi-zygotic: HZ) of the tyrosine hydroxylase (th) gene (TH-HZ), together with cells from chronologically old animals. Several immune function parameters were also studied in peritoneal phagocytes and lymphocytes. The same oxidants and antioxidants were also analyzed in spleen and thymus leukocytes. The results showed that the immune cells of PAM and TH-HZ mice presented lower values of antioxidant defenses and higher values of oxidants/pro-inflammatory cytokines than cells from corresponding controls, and similar to those in cells from old animals. Moreover, premature immunosenescence in peritoneal leukocytes from both PAM and TH-HZ mice was also observed. In conclusion, adult PAM and TH-HZ mice showed oxidative stress in their immune cells, which would explain their immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garrido
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julia Cruces
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Noemí Ceprián
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Vara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica de la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
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Withers SS, Moore PF, Chang H, Choi JW, McSorley SJ, Kent MS, Monjazeb AM, Canter RJ, Murphy WJ, Sparger EE, Rebhun RB. Multi-color flow cytometry for evaluating age-related changes in memory lymphocyte subsets in dogs. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 87:64-74. [PMID: 29859828 PMCID: PMC6197816 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
While dogs are increasingly being utilized as large-animal models of disease, important features of age-related immunosenescence in the dog have yet to be evaluated due to the lack of defined naïve vs. memory T lymphocyte phenotypes. We therefore performed multi-color flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young and aged beagles, and determined the differential cytokine production by proposed memory subsets. CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in aged dogs displayed increased cytokine production, and decreased proliferative capacity. Antibodies targeting CD45RA and CD62L, but less so CD28 or CD44, defined canine cells that consistently exhibited properties of naïve-, central memory-, effector memory-, and terminal effector-like CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets. Older dogs demonstrated decreased frequencies of naïve-like CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and an increased frequency of terminal effector-like CD8+ T lymphocytes. Overall findings revealed that aged dogs displayed features of immunosenescence similar to those reported in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita S Withers
- Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Peter F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hong Chang
- Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jin W Choi
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, County Road 98 & Hutchison Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Stephen J McSorley
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, County Road 98 & Hutchison Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael S Kent
- Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Arta M Monjazeb
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, 4501 X Street, G-140, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Robert J Canter
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, 4501 X Street, G-140, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, 2921 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95716, USA
| | - Ellen E Sparger
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Social environment improves immune function and redox state in several organs from prematurely aging female mice and increases their lifespan. Biogerontology 2018; 20:49-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Meydani SN, Lewis ED, Wu D. Perspective: Should Vitamin E Recommendations for Older Adults Be Increased? Adv Nutr 2018; 9:533-543. [PMID: 30107519 PMCID: PMC6140432 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current vitamin E requirements are uniformly applied across the population for those >14 y of age. However, aging is associated with alterations in cellular and physiologic functions, which are affected by vitamin E. Therefore, it is questionable whether vitamin E requirements can be uniformly applied to all adult age categories. With aging, there is dysregulation of the immune system in which there are decreased cell-mediated and pathogen defense responses coupled with an overactive, prolonged inflammatory state. Both animal and human studies in the aged suggest that intake above currently recommended levels of vitamin E may improve immune and inflammatory responses and be associated with a reduced risk of infectious disease. We review the evidence that was considered in establishing the current requirements for vitamin E and highlight data that should be considered in determining the vitamin E requirements in older adults, particularly focusing on the evidence suggesting a benefit of increased vitamin E intake on immune function and inflammatory processes and resistance to infection. The main objective of this Perspective is to initiate the discussion of whether the current Dietary Reference Intake for vitamin E should be increased for the older population. We make this suggestion on the basis of mechanistic studies showing biological plausibility, correction of a major cellular dysfunction in older adults, and strong evidence from several animal and a few human studies indicating a reduction in risk and morbidity from infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Nikbin Meydani
- Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Erin Diane Lewis
- Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Dayong Wu
- Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
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18
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Rožman P. The potential of non-myeloablative heterochronous autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for extending a healthy life span. GeroScience 2018; 40:221-242. [PMID: 29948868 PMCID: PMC6060192 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-018-0027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex multifactorial process, a prominent component being the senescence of the immune system. Consequently, immune-related diseases develop, including atherosclerosis, cancer, and life-threatening infections, which impact on health and longevity. Rejuvenating the aged immune system could mitigate these diseases, thereby contributing to longevity and health. Currently, an appealing option for rejuvenating the immune system is heterochronous autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haHSCT), where healthy autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cells are collected during the youth of an individual, cryopreserved, and re-infused when he or she has reached an older age. After infusion, young hematopoietic stem cells can reconstitute the compromised immune system and improve immune function. Several studies using animal models have achieved substantial extension of the life span of animals treated with haHSCT. Therefore, haHSCT could be regarded as a potential procedure for preventing age-related immune defects and extending healthy longevity. In this review, the pros, cons, and future feasibility of this approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primož Rožman
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Šlajmerjeva 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Carracedo J, Ramírez-Carracedo R, Martínez de Toda I, Vida C, Alique M, De la Fuente M, Ramírez-Chamond R. Protein Carbamylation: A Marker Reflecting Increased Age-Related Cell Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051495. [PMID: 29772765 PMCID: PMC5983744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbamylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that may partake in the oxidative stress-associated cell damage, and its increment has been recently proposed as a “hallmark of aging”. The molecular mechanisms associated with aging are related to an increased release of free radicals. We have studied whether carbamylated proteins from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects are related to oxidative damage and aging, taking into account the gender and the immune profile of the subjects. The study was performed in healthy human volunteers. The detection of protein carbamylation and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was evaluated using commercial kits. The immune profile was calculated using parameters of immune cell function. The results show that the individuals from the elderly group (60–79 years old) have increased carbamylated protein and MDA levels. When considered by gender, only men between 60 and 79 years old showed significantly increased carbamylated proteins and MDA levels. When those subjects were classified by their immune profile, the carbamylated protein levels were higher in those with an older immune profile. In conclusion, the carbamylation of proteins in peripheral blood is related to age-associated oxidative damage and to an aging functional immunological signature. Our results suggest that carbamylated proteins may play an important role at the cellular level in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Carracedo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Ramírez-Carracedo
- Cardiovascular Joint Research Unit, Francisco de Vitoria University/Hospital Ramon y Cajal Research Unit (IRYCIS), 28223 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Vida
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Matilde Alique
- Biology Systems Department, Physiology, Alcala University, Alcala de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Ramírez-Chamond
- Biology Systems Department, Physiology, Alcala University, Alcala de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain.
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Garrido A, Cruces J, Ceprián N, De la Fuente M. Improvements in Behavior and Immune Function and Increased Life Span of Old Mice Cohabiting With Adult Animals. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:873-881. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garrido
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Cruces
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Ceprián
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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Premature aging in behavior and immune functions in tyrosine hydroxylase haploinsufficient female mice. A longitudinal study. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 69:440-455. [PMID: 29341892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by impairment in the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems as well as in neuroimmunoendocrine communication. In this context, there is an age-related alteration of the physiological response to acute stress, which is modulated by catecholamine (CA), final products of the sympathetic-adreno-medullary axis. The involvement of CA in essential functions of the nervous system is consistent with the neuropsychological deficits found in mice with haploinsufficiency (hemizygous; HZ) of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) enzyme (TH-HZ). However, other possible alterations in regulatory systems have not been studied in these animals. The aim of the present work was to analyze whether adult TH-HZ female mice presented the impairment of behavioral traits and immunological responses that occurs with aging and whether they had affected their mean lifespan. ICR-CD1 female TH-HZ and wild type (WT) mice were used in a longitudinal study. Behavioral tests were performed on adult and old mice in order to evaluate their sensorimotor abilities and exploratory capacity, as well as anxiety-like behaviors. At the ages of 2 ± 1, 4 ± 1, 9 ± 1, 13 ± 1 and 20 ± 1 months, peritoneal leukocytes were extracted and several immune functions were assessed (phagocytic capacity, Natural Killer (NK) cytotoxicity, and lymphoproliferative response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (ConA)). In addition, several oxidative stress parameters (catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations as antioxidant compounds as well as xanthine oxidase activity, oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations, and GSSG/GSH ratio as oxidants) were analyzed. As inflammatory stress parameters TNF-alpha and IL-10 concentrations, and TNF-alpha/IL-10 ratios as inflammatory/anti-inflammatory markers, were measured. Animals were maintained in standard conditions until their natural death. The results indicate that adult TH-HZ mice presented worse sensorimotor abilities and exploratory capacity than their WT littermates as well as greater anxiety-like behaviors. With regards to the immune system, adult TH-HZ animals exhibited lower values of phagocytic capacity, NK cytotoxicity, and lymphoproliferative response to LPS and ConA than WT mice. Moreover, immune cells of TH-HZ mice showed higher oxidative and inflammatory stress than those of WT animals. Although these differences between TH-HZ and WT, in general, decreased with aging, this premature immunosenescence and impairment of behavior of TH-HZ mice was accompanied by a shorter mean lifespan in comparison to WT counterparts. In conclusion, haploinsufficiency of th gene in female mice appears to provoke premature aging of the regulatory systems affecting mean lifespan.
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Heath JJ, Fudge NJ, Gallant ME, Grant MD. Proximity of Cytomegalovirus-Specific CD8 + T Cells to Replicative Senescence in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29527205 PMCID: PMC5829617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively extends the life expectancy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals; however, age-related morbidities have emerged as major clinical concerns. In this context, coinfection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) accelerates immune senescence and elevates risk for other age-related morbidities, possibly through increased inflammation. We investigated potential relationships between CMV memory inflation, immune senescence, and inflammation by measuring markers of inflammation and telomere lengths of different lymphocyte subsets in HIV-infected individuals seropositive for anti-CMV antibodies. Our study cohort consists mainly of middle aged men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexuals who are stable under long-term ART. Median levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP were significantly higher in those coinfected with CMV. Lymphocyte telomere length in general correlated with age, but for 32/32 subjects tested, there was a consistent hierarchy of telomere lengths with CD8+ T cells’ shorter than the general lymphocyte population, CD57+CD8+ T cells’ shorter than CD8+ T cells’ and CMV-specific CD57+CD8+ T cells’ the shortest of all. Telomeres of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells were longer than those of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells in all cases tested and over 10 years, CMV-specific CD8+ T cell telomeres of two HIV-infected individuals eroded faster than those of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells. These data indicate that CMV-specific CD8+ T cells of HIV-infected individuals are the lymphocytes closest to telomere-imposed replicative senescence. Exhaustive proliferation of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells in HIV-infected individuals is a potential source of senescent lymphocytes affecting systemic immune function and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Joseph Heath
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Neva Jennifer Fudge
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Maureen Elizabeth Gallant
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Michael David Grant
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Martínez de Toda I, Maté I, Vida C, Cruces J, De la Fuente M. Immune function parameters as markers of biological age and predictors of longevity. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:3110-3119. [PMID: 27899767 PMCID: PMC5191888 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronological age is not a good indicator of how each individual ages and thus how to maintain good health. Due to the long lifespan in humans and the consequent difficulty of carrying out longitudinal studies, finding valid biomarkers of the biological age has been a challenge both for research and clinical studies. The aim was to identify and validate several immune cell function parameters as markers of biological age. Adult, mature, elderly and long-lived human volunteers were used. The chemotaxis, phagocytosis, natural killer activity and lymphoproliferation in neutrophils and lymphocytes of peripheral blood were analyzed. The same functions were measured in peritoneal immune cells from mice, at the corresponding ages (adult, mature, old and long lived) in a longitudinal study. The results showed that the evolution of these functions was similar in humans and mice, with a decrease in old subjects. However, the long-lived individuals maintained values similar to those in adults. In addition, the values of these functions in adult prematurely aging mice were similar to those in chronologically old animals, and they died before their non-prematurely aging mice counterparts. Thus, the parameters studied are good markers of the rate of aging, allowing the determination of biological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ianire Maté
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vida
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Cruces
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Investigation, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Dock J, Ramirez CM, Hultin L, Hausner MA, Hultin P, Elliott J, Yang OO, Anton PA, Jamieson BD, Effros RB. Distinct aging profiles of CD8+ T cells in blood versus gastrointestinal mucosal compartments. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182498. [PMID: 28832609 PMCID: PMC5568404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of human immunosenescence is the accumulation of late-differentiated memory CD8+ T cells with features of replicative senescence, such as inability to proliferate, absence of CD28 expression, shortened telomeres, loss of telomerase activity, enhanced activation, and increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Importantly, oligoclonal expansions of these cells are associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk in elderly humans. Currently, most information on the adaptive immune system is derived from studies using peripheral blood, which contains approximately only 2% of total body lymphocytes. However, most lymphocytes reside in tissues. It is not clear how representative blood changes are of the total immune status. This is especially relevant with regard to the human gastrointestinal tract (GALT), a major reservoir of total body lymphocytes (approximately 60%) and an anatomical region of high antigenic exposure. To assess how peripheral blood T cells relate to those in other locations, we compare CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood and the GALT, specifically rectosigmoid colon, in young/middle age, healthy donors, focusing on phenotypic and functional alterations previously linked to senescence in peripheral blood. Overall, our results indicate that gut CD8+ T cells show profiles suggestive of greater differentiation and activation than those in peripheral blood. Specifically, compared to blood from the same individual, the gut contains significantly greater proportions of CD8+ T cells that are CD45RA- (memory), CD28-, CD45RA-CD28+ (early memory), CD45RA-CD28- (late memory), CD25-, HLA-DR+CD38+ (activated) and Ki-67+ (proliferating); ex vivo CD3+ telomerase activity levels are greater in the gut as well. However, gut CD8+ T cells may not necessarily be more senescent, since they expressed significantly lower levels of CD57 and PD-1 on CD45RO+ memory cells, and had in vitro proliferative dynamics similar to that of blood cells. Compartment-specific age-effects in this cohort were evident as well. Blood cells showed a significant increase with age in proportion of HLA-DR+38+, Ki-67+ and CD25+ CD8+ T cells; and an increase in total CD3+ex-vivo telomerase activity that approached significance. By contrast, the only age-effect seen in the gut was a significant increase in CD45RA- (memory) and concurrent decrease in CD45RA+CD28+ (naïve) CD8+ T cells. Overall, these results indicate dynamics of peripheral blood immune senescence may not hold true in the gut mucosa, underscoring the importance for further study of this immunologically important tissue in evaluating the human immune system, especially in the context of chronic disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Dock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Christina M Ramirez
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Lance Hultin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America
| | - Mary Ann Hausner
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America
| | - Patricia Hultin
- UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America.,Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Julie Elliott
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America
| | - Otto O Yang
- UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Microbiology Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,AIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Peter A Anton
- UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America.,Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Beth D Jamieson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America
| | - Rita B Effros
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America
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25
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Martínez de Toda I, Vida C, De la Fuente M. An Appropriate Modulation of Lymphoproliferative Response and Cytokine Release as Possible Contributors to Longevity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071598. [PMID: 28737707 PMCID: PMC5536085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The decrease in the proliferative response of lymphocytes is one of the most evident among the age-related changes of the immune system. This has been linked to a higher risk of mortality in both humans and experimental animals. However, long-lived individuals, in spite of optimally maintaining most of the functions of the immune system, also seem to show an impaired proliferative response. Thus, it was hypothesized that these individuals may have distinct evolution times in this proliferation and a different modulatory capacity through their cytokine release profiles. An individualized longitudinal study was performed on female ICR-CD1 mice, starting at the adult age (40 weeks old), analyzing the proliferation of peritoneal leukocytes at different ages in both basal conditions and in the presence of the mitogen Concanavalin A, for 4, 24 and 48 h of culture. The cytokine secretions (IL-2, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10) in the same cultures were also studied. Long-lived mice show a high proliferative capacity after short incubation times and, despite experiencing a functional decline when they are old, are able to compensate this decrease with an appropriate modulation of the lymphoproliferative response and cytokine release. This could explain their elevated resistance to infections and high longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain.
| | - Carmen Vida
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain.
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain.
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26
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Crooke A, Martínez-Henández J, Martínez-López J, Cruz-Jentoft A, Huete-Toral F, Pintor J. Low expression of CD39 and CD73 genes in centenarians compared with octogenarians. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2017; 14:11. [PMID: 28529533 PMCID: PMC5437401 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ageing involves a progressive decline of the body’s regulatory systems including immune system. Adenosine regulates immune function by interaction with its receptors, mainly adenosine A2A receptor, present on the surface of immune cells. Furthermore, cellular response to this nucleoside is highly dependent on its extracellular concentration that is regulated by ecto-enzymes such as CD39 and CD73. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on adenosine A2A receptor, CD39 and CD73 gene expression. Changes in mRNA were measured by quantitative PCR from peripheral blood of young, middle-aged and older adults as well as centenarians. Centenarians showed a prominent decrease of CD39 and CD73 mRNA in comparison with older adults. Regarding to adenosine A2A receptor, we detected two subgroups of centenarians with high and low level of transcript. Additionally, adenosine A2A receptor mRNA level of centenarians, did not correlate with their cognitive impairment. In summary, our pilot study suggests that unlike of adenosine A2A receptor, the level of CD39 as well as CD73 mRNA could be a hallmark of successful human ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Crooke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Arcos de Jalón 118, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Huete-Toral
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Arcos de Jalón 118, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pintor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Arcos de Jalón 118, 28037 Madrid, Spain
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27
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Pae M, Wu D. Nutritional modulation of age-related changes in the immune system and risk of infection. Nutr Res 2017; 41:14-35. [PMID: 28577789 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The immune system undergoes some adverse alterations during aging, many of which have been implicated in the increased morbidity and mortality associated with infection in the elderly. In addition to intrinsic changes to the immune system with aging, the elderly are more likely to have poor nutritional status, which further impacts the already impaired immune function. Although the elderly often have low zinc serum levels, several manifestations commonly observed during zinc deficiency are similar to the changes in immune function with aging. In the case of vitamin E, although its deficiency is rare, the intake above recommended levels is shown to enhance immune functions in the elderly and to reduce the risk of acquiring upper respiratory infections in nursing home residents. Vitamin D is a critical vitamin in bone metabolism, and its deficiency is far more common, which has been linked to increased risk of infection as demonstrated in a number of observational studies including those in the elderly. In this review, we focus on zinc, vitamin E, and vitamin D, the 3 nutrients which are relatively well documented for their roles in impacting immune function and infection in the elderly, to discuss the findings in this context reported in both the observational studies and interventional clinical trials. A perspective will be provided based on the analysis of information under review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkyong Pae
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dayong Wu
- Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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28
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Chelluri L. Critical Illness in the Elderly: Review of Pathophysiology of Aging and Outcome of Intensive Care. J Intensive Care Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088506660101600302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this article is to review the literature on age and its influence on the pathophysiology of critical illness, outcome after critical illness, and end of life decision making in critically ill elderly patients. Sources for this review included the MEDLINE database and bibliographies of original articles, reviews, and book chapters. The population is aging and the need for medical care and its costs increase with increasing age. A majority of the elderly lead independent lives, although some need help with various functional activities related to daily living. It is difficult to separate the effects of aging from the effects of the comorbidities that develop with increasing age. The physiologic reserve decreases in the elderly and they may not be able to tolerate a critical injury or illness as well as a younger individual. As the elderlyare usually on multiple medications, they are prone to have more drug interactions and side effects, and need close monitoring of the drugs and adjustment of the dosage. Mortality after a critical illness in the elderly is higher compared to younger patients, and it is more related to the acuity of physiologic disturbance than age alone. The effect of age alone on long-term outcome is not well studied, but individuals with poor functional status and/or increased comorbidities have a poor short-term outcome. Functional status usually deteriorates after critical illness, but the long-term survivors usually recover functional abilities, and they are satisfied with their quality of life. Decision making at the end of life is difficult because of the paucity of data on long-term mortality and quality of life, lack of information about patient wishes, and the uncertainty of the prognosis. Because many elderly patients survive critical illness and may return to their previous lifestyle, age alone should not weigh heavily in end of life decisions. As with other age groups, end of life decisions in the elderly should be made after considering long-term outcomes, patient goals, and the benefits and burdens of life-sustaining technology.
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29
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Turner JE. Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime "dose" of exercise? Biogerontology 2016; 17:581-602. [PMID: 27023222 PMCID: PMC4889625 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-016-9642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The age-associated decline in immune function, referred to as immunosenescence, is well characterised within the adaptive immune system, and in particular, among T cells. Hallmarks of immunosenescence measured in the T cell pool, include low numbers and proportions of naïve cells, high numbers and proportions of late-stage differentiated effector memory cells, poor proliferative responses to mitogens, and a CD4:CD8 ratio <1.0. These changes are largely driven by infection with Cytomegalovirus, which has been directly linked with increased inflammatory activity, poor responses to vaccination, frailty, accelerated cognitive decline, and early mortality. It has been suggested however, that exercise might exert an anti-immunosenescence effect, perhaps delaying the onset of immunological ageing or even rejuvenating aged immune profiles. This theory has been developed on the basis of evidence that exercise is a powerful stimulus of immune function. For example, in vivo antibody responses to novel antigens can be improved with just minutes of exercise undertaken at the time of vaccination. Further, lymphocyte immune-surveillance, whereby cells search tissues for antigens derived from viruses, bacteria, or malignant transformation, is thought to be facilitated by the transient lymphocytosis and subsequent lymphocytopenia induced by exercise bouts. Moreover, some forms of exercise are anti-inflammatory, and if repeated regularly over the lifespan, there is a lower morbidity and mortality from diseases with an immunological and inflammatory aetiology. The aim of this article is to discuss recent theories for how exercise might influence T cell immunosenescence, exploring themes in the context of hotly debated issues in immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Turner
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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30
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Crepin T, Gaiffe E, Courivaud C, Roubiou C, Laheurte C, Moulin B, Frimat L, Rieu P, Mousson C, Durrbach A, Heng AE, Saas P, Bamoulid J, Ducloux D. Pre-transplant end-stage renal disease-related immune risk profile in kidney transplant recipients predicts post-transplant infections. Transpl Infect Dis 2016; 18:415-22. [PMID: 27027787 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with premature aging of the T-cell system. Nevertheless, the clinical significance of pre-transplant ESRD-related immune senescence is unknown. METHODS We studied whether immune risk phenotype (IRP), a typical feature of immune senescence, may affect post-transplant infectious complications. A total of 486 patients were prospectively studied during the first year post transplant. IRP was defined as positive cytomegalovirus serology with at least 1 of the following criteria: CD4/CD8 ratio <1 and/or CD8 T-cell count >90th percentile. RESULTS We found that 47 patients (9.7%) had pre-transplant IRP. IRP+ patients did not differ from IRP- patients for any clinical characteristics, but exhibited more pronounced immune senescence. Both opportunistic infections (43% vs. 6%, P < 0.001) and severe bacterial infection (SBI) (40% vs. 25%, P = 0.028) were more frequent in IRP(+) patients. In multivariate analysis, IRP was predictive of both opportunistic infection (hazard ratio [HR] 2.97 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.53-5.76], P = 0.001), and SBI (HR 2.33 [95% CI 1.34-3.92], P = 0.008). Acute rejection rates were numerically much lower in IRP+ patients. A total of 418 patients (86%) had biological evaluation 1 year post transplant. Among 41 IRP+ patients, 35 (85%) remained IRP+ 1 year post transplant. CONCLUSION Pre-transplant IRP is associated with an increased risk of post-transplant infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Crepin
- INSERM, UMR1098, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire INCREASE, Besançon, France.,Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Structure Fédérative de Recherche, SFR FED4234, Besançon, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - E Gaiffe
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.,CIC Biothérapie, INSERM CIC1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - C Courivaud
- INSERM, UMR1098, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire INCREASE, Besançon, France.,Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Structure Fédérative de Recherche, SFR FED4234, Besançon, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - C Roubiou
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Structure Fédérative de Recherche, SFR FED4234, Besançon, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - C Laheurte
- INSERM, UMR1098, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire INCREASE, Besançon, France.,Plateforme de Biomonitoring, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CIC 1431/UMR1098, Besançon, France
| | - B Moulin
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Frimat
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - P Rieu
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - C Mousson
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - A Durrbach
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Kremlin-Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - A-E Heng
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - P Saas
- INSERM, UMR1098, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire INCREASE, Besançon, France.,Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Structure Fédérative de Recherche, SFR FED4234, Besançon, France.,CIC Biothérapie, INSERM CIC1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.,Plateforme de Biomonitoring, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CIC 1431/UMR1098, Besançon, France
| | - J Bamoulid
- INSERM, UMR1098, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire INCREASE, Besançon, France.,Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Structure Fédérative de Recherche, SFR FED4234, Besançon, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - D Ducloux
- INSERM, UMR1098, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire INCREASE, Besançon, France.,Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Structure Fédérative de Recherche, SFR FED4234, Besançon, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.,CIC Biothérapie, INSERM CIC1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
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Garrido A, Cruces J, Iriarte I, Hernández-Sánchez C, de Pablo F, de la Fuente M. [Premature immunosenescence in catecholamines syntesis deficient mice. Effect of social environment]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2016; 52:20-26. [PMID: 26952652 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthy state depends on the appropriate function of the homeostatic systems (nervous, endocrine and immune systems) and the correct communication between them. The functional and redox state of the immune system is an excellent marker of health, and animals with premature immunosenescence show a shorter lifespan. Since catecholamines modulate the function of immune cells, the alteration in their synthesis could provoke immunosenescence. The social environment could be a strategy for modulating this immunosenescence. AIM To determine if an haploinsufficiency of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the limiting enzyme of synthesis of catecholamines, may produce a premature immunosenescence and if this immunosenescence could be modulated by the social environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult (9±1 months) male ICR-CD1 mice with deletion of a single allele (hemi-zygotic: HZ) of the tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme (TH-HZ) and wild-type (WT) mice were used. Animals were housed in four subgroups: WT>50% (in the cage, the proportion of WT mice was higher than 50% in relation to TH-HZ), WT<50%, TH-HZ<50% and TH-HZ>50%. Peritoneal leukocytes were collected and phagocytosis, chemotaxis and proliferation of lymphocytes in the presence of lipopolysaccharide were analyzed. Glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities as well as oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio were studied. RESULTS TH-HZ>50% mice showed a deteriorated function and redox state in leukocytes respect to WT>50% and similar to old mice. However, TH-HZ<50% animals had similar values to those found in WT<50% mice. CONCLUSION The haploinsufficiency of TH generates premature immunosenescence, which appears to be compensated by living together with an appropriate number of WT animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garrido
- Departamento de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, España
| | - Julia Cruces
- Departamento de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, España
| | - Idoia Iriarte
- Departamento de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Catalina Hernández-Sánchez
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Madrid, España; CIBERDEM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, España
| | - Flora de Pablo
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Madrid, España; CIBERDEM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, España
| | - Mónica de la Fuente
- Departamento de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, España.
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Konishi S, Ng CFS, Stickley A, Watanabe C. Pollinosis and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and elderly Japanese: a population-based cohort study. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 46:1083-9. [PMID: 26366720 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having an allergic disease may have health implications beyond those more commonly associated with allergy given that previous epidemiological studies have suggested that both atopy and allergy are linked to mortality. More viable immune functioning among the elderly, as indicated by the presence of an allergic disease, might therefore be associated with differences in all-cause mortality. OBJECTIVE Using data from a Japanese cohort, this study examined whether having pollinosis (a form of allergic rhinitis) in a follow-up survey could predict all-cause and cause-specific mortality. METHODS Data came from the Komo-Ise cohort, which at its 1993 baseline recruited residents aged 40-69 years from two areas in Gunma prefecture, Japan. The current study used information on pollinosis that was obtained from the follow-up survey in 2000. Mortality and migration data were obtained throughout the follow-up period up to December 2008. Proportional hazard models were used to examine the relation between pollinosis and mortality. RESULTS At the 2000 follow-up survey, 12% (1088 of 8796) of respondents reported that they had pollinosis symptoms in the past 12 months. During the 76 186 person-years of follow-up, 748 died from all causes. Among these, there were 37 external, 208 cardiovascular, 74 respiratory, and 329 neoplasm deaths. After adjusting for potential confounders, pollinosis was associated with significantly lower all-cause [hazard ratio 0.57 (95% confidence interval = 0.38-0.87)] and neoplasms mortality [hazard ratio 0.48 (95% confidence interval = 0.26-0.92)]. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Having an allergic disease (pollinosis) at an older age may be indicative of more viable immune functioning and be protective against certain causes of death. Further research is needed to determine the possible mechanisms underlying the association between pollinosis and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Konishi
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C F S Ng
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Stickley
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - C Watanabe
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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33
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A higher anxiety state in old rats after social isolation is associated to an impairment of the immune response. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 277:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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34
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SENIEUR status of the originating cell donor negates certain 'anti-immunosenescence' effects of ebselen and N-acetyl cysteine in human T cell clone cultures. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2014; 11:17. [PMID: 25505928 PMCID: PMC4263119 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-014-0017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Damage to T cells of the immune system by reactive oxygen species may result in altered cell function or cell death and thereby potentially impact upon the efficacy of a subsequent immune response. Here, we assess the impact of the antioxidants Ebselen and N-acetyl cysteine on a range of biological markers in human T cells derived from a SENIEUR status donor. In addition, the impact of these antioxidants on different MAP kinase pathways in T cells from donors of different ages was also examined. Methods T cell clones were derived from healthy 26, 45 and SENIEUR status 80 year old people and the impact of titrated concentrations of Ebselen or N-acetyl cysteine on their proliferation and in vitro lifespan, GSH:GSSG ratio as well as levels of oxidative DNA damage and on MAP kinase signaling pathways was examined. Results In this investigation neither Ebselen nor N-acetyl cysteine supplementation had any impact on the biological endpoints examined in the T cells derived from the SENIEUR status 80 year old donor. This is in contrast to the anti-immunosenescent effects of these antioxidants on T cells from donors of 26 or 45 years of age. The analysis of MAP kinases showed that pro-apoptotic pathways become activated in T cells with increasing in vitro age and that Ebselen or N-acetyl cysteine could decrease activation (phosphorylation) in T cells from 26 or 45 year old donors, but not from the SENIEUR status 80 year old donor. Conclusions The results of this investigation demonstrate that the biological phenotype of SENIEUR status derived human T cells negates the anti-immunosenescence effects of Ebselen and also N-acetyl cysteine. The results highlight the importance of pre-antioxidant intervention evaluation to determine risk-benefit. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12979-014-0017-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Immunosenenescence: Role of cytomegalovirus. Exp Gerontol 2014; 54:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cytomegalovirus enteritis in immunocompetent subjects: A case report and review of the literature. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:325-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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A mathematical model of the immune and neuroendocrine systems mutual regulation under the technogenic chemical factors impact. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2014; 2014:492489. [PMID: 24872840 PMCID: PMC4020569 DOI: 10.1155/2014/492489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The concept of the triad regulatory metasystem, which includes the neuroendocrine and immune regulation systems, is currently generally accepted. Changes occurring in each of the regulatory systems in response to the impact of technogenic chemical factors are also well known. This paper presents mathematical models of the immune and neuroendocrine system functioning, using the interaction between these systems in response to bacterial invasion as an example, and changes in their performance under exposure to chemical factors, taking into account the stage of functional disorders in a producing organ, using the performance of the bone marrow as an example.
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Mate I, Cruces J, Vida C, Sanfeliu C, Manassra R, Giménez-Llort L, De la Fuente M. [Premature immunosenescence in triple-transgenic mice for Alzheimer's disease]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 49:15-9. [PMID: 24315805 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A deterioration of the neuroimmunoendocrine network has been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the peripheral immune response has hardly been investigated in this pathology. Since some immune function parameters have been established as good markers of the rate of ageing, and can predict longevity, the aim of the present work was to study some of these functions in splenic leucocytes in transgenic mice for AD of different ages. MATERIAL AND METHODS Young female (4 ± 1 months), adult (9 ± 1 months), and mature (12 ± 1 months) triple-transgenic mice for AD (3 xTgAD) and non-transgenic (NTg) control mice of the same ages were used. The chemotaxis, the anti-tumour activity of « natural killer » (NK) cells and the lymphoproliferative response in the presence of the mitogens concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide, functions that decrease with age, were determined in splenic leucocytes. In addition, the differences in lifespan between 3 xTgAD and NTg were studied in parallel using other animals, until their death through natural causes. RESULTS In 3 xTgAD, with respect to NTg, chemotaxis decreased at all ages studied, whereas in lymphoproliferative response this reduction was shown at 4 months and 9 months. NK activity was diminished only in young 3 xTgAD with respect to NTg. The 3 xTgAD showed a shorter lifespan than the NTg control group. CONCLUSIONS The 3 xTgAD mice show a premature immunosenescence, which could explain their early mortality. The determination of these immune functions at peripheral level could serve as a marker of the progression of the Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ianire Mate
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Julia Cruces
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Carmen Vida
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, España
| | - Rashed Manassra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
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Wu F, Chen H, Yang N, Duan X, Jin Z, Xu X. Germinated Brown Rice Enhances Antioxidant Activities and Immune Functions in Aged Mice. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-02-13-0039-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Duan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- Corresponding author. Phone: +86-0510-85917100. E-mail:
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Jaremka LM, Glaser R, Malarkey WB, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Marital distress prospectively predicts poorer cellular immune function. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38:2713-9. [PMID: 23880114 PMCID: PMC3812415 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Distressed marriages enhance risk for a variety of health problems. Immune dysregulation is one potential mechanism; cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that marital distress is linked to maladaptive immune alterations. The current study filled an important gap in the literature by examining the ability of marital distress to prospectively predict immune alterations over a two-year period. METHOD Participants were 90 couples (N=180 individuals; Mage=25.67) married less than a year at the time of their first study visit. Both members of a couple completed a baseline assessment of marital quality and provided blood samples at baseline and two years later. 63 couples (N=123 individuals) completed the follow-up assessment. RESULTS Spouses in more distressed marriages had larger declines in cellular immune function over time than spouses in less distressed marriages. Furthermore, the results were highly consistent across two different indices, proliferative responses to two mitogens, concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). CONCLUSIONS Marital distress has a variety of negative health consequences. The current study provided important evidence that marital distress has longer-term immune consequences. Accordingly, the present results provide a glimpse into the pathways through which marital distress may impact health over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Jaremka
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States
| | - Ronald Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States
| | - William B. Malarkey
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States
| | - Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Department of Psychiatry, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 614, United States,Address correspondence to Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Derhovanessian E, Maier AB, Hähnel K, Zelba H, de Craen AJM, Roelofs H, Slagboom EP, Westendorp RGJ, Pawelec G. Lower proportion of naïve peripheral CD8+ T cells and an unopposed pro-inflammatory response to human Cytomegalovirus proteins in vitro are associated with longer survival in very elderly people. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:1387-1399. [PMID: 22661297 PMCID: PMC3705124 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-012-9425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The low percentages of naïve T cells commonly observed in elderly people are thought to be causally associated with mortality, primarily from infectious disease, and are taken as a hallmark of "immunosenescence". Whether low levels of naive cells actually do associate with mortality has, however, not been tested in longitudinal studies. Here, we present correlations between peripheral T-cell phenotypes and 8-year survival in individuals from the population-based prospective Leiden 85-plus Study. Counter-intuitively, we found that a lower frequency of naïve CD8+ T cells (characterized as CD45RA+CCR7+CD27+CD28+) at baseline (>88 years) correlated with significantly better survival, while there was a tendency for the reciprocal accumulation of late-differentiated effector memory cells (CD45RA-CCR7-CD27-CD28-) also to associate with better survival. These findings suggest that better retention of memory cells specific for previously encountered antigens may provide a survival advantage in this particular population. Given the prevalence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and its reported association with immunosenescence, we tested whether memory for this potential pathogen was relevant to survival. We found that individuals mounting an exclusively pro-inflammatory ex vivo response (TNF, IFN-γ, IL-17) to the major CMV target molecules pp65 and IE1 had a significant survival advantage over those also having anti-inflammatory responses (IL-10). These findings suggest that higher levels of naïve T cells may not necessarily be associated with a survival advantage and imply that the nature of immunosurveillance against CMV may be crucial for remaining longevity, at least in the very elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyna Derhovanessian
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Waldhörnlestrasse 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany.
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Yuan J, Lu L, Zhang Z, Zhang S. Dietary intake of resveratrol enhances the adaptive immunity of aged rats. Rejuvenation Res 2013; 15:507-15. [PMID: 22950432 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2012.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that immune response declines with aging. Resveratrol, a polyphenol that occurs naturally in several plant species including grapevines and berries, has been shown to have potent antiaging and health-promoting activities. However, the mechanism underlying these activities remains largely unknown. Here we clearly demonstrate that: (1) Dietary intake of resveratrol induced a significant increase in T helper cells (CD4(+)) in middle-aged (12 months old) and aged (21 months old) Wistar male rats; (2) resveratrol supplementation considerably increased the delayed-type hypersensitivity response, a T cell-mediated immune response, in aged rats; and (3) reveratrol supplementation remarkably promoted the production of total anti-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) immunoglobulin G (IgG), anti-KLH IgG(1), and anti-KLH IgG(2α) in aged rats without disturbing immune homeostasis. These data together indicate that resveratrol is capable of counteracting immunosenescence, thereby leading to rejuvenation. In practice, resveratrol can be useful to help the elderly generate an improved response to vaccine with stronger humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangshui Yuan
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Lu L, Yuan J, Zhang S. Rejuvenating activity of salidroside (SDS): dietary intake of SDS enhances the immune response of aged rats. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:637-646. [PMID: 22367581 PMCID: PMC3636390 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-012-9394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that immune response decreases with aging. Salidroside (SDS), an antioxidant component isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine roseroot Rhodiola rosea, has been demonstrated to possess potent anti-aging and health-promoting activities. However, the mechanism underlying these activities is poorly understood. In this study, we clearly demonstrated that (1) dietary intake of SDS induced a considerable increase in total T cells (CD3(+)) and T helper cells (CD4(+)) in aged (21 months old) Wistar male rats; (2) SDS supplementation significantly increased the DTH response, a T cell-mediated immune response, in aged rats; and (3) SDS supplementation remarkably promoted the production of total anti-KLH IgG, anti-KLH IgG1, and anti-KLH IgG2α in aged rats without disturbing immune homeostasis. These indicate that SDS is able to counteract immunosenescence, thereby resulting in rejuvenation. Practically, SDS may be used to help the elderly to generate an improved response to vaccine with stronger humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Lu
- />Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Room 205, Ke Xue Guan, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Jiangshui Yuan
- />Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Room 205, Ke Xue Guan, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
- />Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- />Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Room 205, Ke Xue Guan, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
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Teixeira D, Longo-Maugeri IM, Santos JLF, Duarte YAO, Lebrão ML, Bueno V. Evaluation of lymphocyte levels in a random sample of 218 elderly individuals from São Paulo city. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2012; 33:367-71. [PMID: 23049341 PMCID: PMC3415787 DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Age-associated changes in the immune system cause decreased protection after vaccination and increased rates of infections and tumor development. Methods Lymphocyte percentages were compared by gender and age to establish differences between subtypes. Three mL blood samples were obtained from 218 randomly selected individuals (60-101 years old) who live in São Paulo city. Blood was lysed with Tris phosphate buffer and stained for 30 minutes with monoclonal antibodies (CD3PerCP, CD4FITC, CD8Pe, CD19Pe) for analysis by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was by ANOVA. Results The percentage of CD4+ T cells (p-value = 0.005) and the CD4/CD8 ratio (p-value = 0.010) were lower in men, whereas the percentage of CD8+ T cells was lower (p-value = 0.002) in women; the percentage of B cells (CD19+ ) was similar between groups. Individuals grouped by gender and age range and compared showed a drop in CD4+ cells in 75 to 79-year-old men (female: 46.1% ± 8.1% and male: 38.8% ± 10.5%; p-value = 0.023). Also, the 80 to 84-year-old group of men had a higher percentage of CD8+ (female: 20.8% ± 8.2%, and male: 27.2% ± 8.2%; p-value = 0.032). Low percentages of B cells were detected in men in the 75 to 79-year-old (p-value = 0.003), 85 to 89-year-old (p-value = 0.020) and older than 90 year old (p-value = 0.002) age ranges. Conclusion Elderly men present with more changes in lymphocyte subsets compared to elderly women. These findings could demonstrate impairment in the immune response since the lower CD4+ in men would provide less help to B cells (also lower in men) in terms of antibody production. In addition, the increase in CD8+ cells in this group could represent chronic inflammation observed during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Teixeira
- Immunology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Giménez-Llort L, Maté I, Manassra R, Vida C, De la Fuente M. Peripheral immune system and neuroimmune communication impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2012; 1262:74-84. [PMID: 22823438 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06639.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be understood in the context of the aging of neuroimmune communication. Although the contribution to AD of the immune cells present in the brain is accepted, the role of the peripheral immune system is less well known. The present review examines the behavior and the function and redox state of peripheral immune cells in a triple-transgenic mouse model (3×Tg-AD). These animals develop both beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles with a temporal- and regional-specific profile that closely mimics their development in the human AD brain. We have observed age and sex-related changes in several aspects of behavior and immune cell functions, which demonstrate premature aging. Lifestyle strategies such as physical exercise and environmental enrichment can improve these aspects. We propose that the analysis of the function and redox state of peripheral immune cells can be a useful tool for measuring the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine in vitro improves several functions of peritoneal leucocytes from old mice approaching their values to those of adult animals. J Appl Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10136-012-0005-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Arranz L, Guayerbas N, Siboni L, De la Fuente M. Effect of Acupuncture Treatment on the Immune Function Impairment Found in Anxious Women. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 35:35-51. [PMID: 17265549 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07004606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is presently accepted that emotional disturbances lead to immune system impairment, and that therefore their treatment could restore the immune response. Thus, the aim of the present work was to study the effect of an acupuncture treatment, designed specifically to relieve the emotional symptoms stemming from anxiety, on several functions (adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, basal and stimulated superoxide anion levels, lymphocyte proliferation in response to phytohemagglutinin A (PHA) and natural killer (NK) activity) of leukocytes (neutrophils and lymphocytes) from anxious women. The acupuncture protocol consisted of manual needle stimulation of 19 acupoints, with each session lasting 30 min. It was performed on 34 female 30–60 year old patients, suffering from anxiety, as determined by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Before and 72 hours after receiving the first acupuncture session, peripheral blood samples were drawn. In 12 patients, samples were also collected immediately after the first single acupuncture session and one month after the end of the whole acupuncture treatment, which consisted of 10 sessions during a year, until the complete remission of anxiety. Twenty healthy non-anxious women in the same age range were used as controls. The results showed that the most favorable effects of acupuncture on the immune functions appear 72 hours after the single session and persist one month after the end of the complete treatment. Impaired immune functions in anxious women (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, lymphoproliferation and NK activity) were significantly improved by acupuncture, and augmented immune parameters (superoxide anion levels and lymphoproliferation of the patient subgroup whose values had been too high) were significantly diminished. Acupuncture brought the above mentioned parameters to values closer to those of healthy controls, exerting a modulatory effect on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Arranz
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology II), Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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Moro-García MA, Alonso-Arias R, López-Vázquez A, Suárez-García FM, Solano-Jaurrieta JJ, Baltar J, López-Larrea C. Relationship between functional ability in older people, immune system status, and intensity of response to CMV. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:479-495. [PMID: 21487706 PMCID: PMC3312637 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Shorter survival in the elderly has been associated with deterioration of the immune system and also with functional disability. To analyze the relationship between functional and immune impairment in older individuals, we studied 100 elderly who lived in a nursing home, were age matched, and grouped according to their functional status. We characterized cell subpopulations by flow cytometry, quantified TREC by RT-PCR, and measured the T-cell proliferation and activation response (IFN-γ by ELISPOT, CD69) against anti-CD3 and CMV. Specific antibody titers against influenza virus and CMV were determined by ELISA. Individuals with worse functional status had significantly higher levels of NK cells and fewer B cells. These poorly functioning elders also had a significantly lower proportion of CD4+ T cells, increased CD8+ T cells, and a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio. TREC levels in CD4+ T cells were significantly lower in individuals with a high disability. Lower TREC levels correlated with a lower frequency of naïve T-cell subpopulations (CD45RA+CCR7+) and higher percentages of effector cells (CD45RA-CCR7-). The functionally impaired group had lower anti-CD3 responses, but gradually increased responses against CMV. Similarly, the higher CMV titers were found in elderly with worse functional status. On the contrary, the functional response in vivo, and the titer of antibodies generated after vaccination against influenza virus, was higher in individuals with better performance status. In summary, we concluded that the functional decline of elderly individuals was clearly associated with the aging of their immune system, and the intensity of the response to CMV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Vázquez
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - José Baltar
- Health Outcomes Research Unit, Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Fundación Renal “Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo”, Madrid, Spain
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Watabe A, Hanazono K, Komatsu T, Fu DR, Endo Y, Kadosawa T. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets as a prognostic indicator of mortality and morbidity in healthy dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:937-43. [PMID: 22382731 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the relationship among immune status and increased morbidity and mortality, peripheral blood lymphocytes (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD21(+) cells) from 32 healthy dogs over 8 years of age were analyzed. Twenty-five of the 32 dogs were followed-up for 3 years after the analysis; and 14 dogs were found to be diseased, and nine dogs died. There was no notable difference between the ages of the dogs that died compared with the ones that survived. The relative percentage of CD4(+) and the CD4(+):CD8(+) ratio decreased notably in dogs falling ill compared with healthy dogs. The relative percentage of CD3(+) lymphocytes showed a notable decrease in dogs that died within 3 years in comparison with dogs that survived. In a discriminant analysis of morbidity and mortality, most patients were correctly classified as diseased or not and surviving or dead, respectively. These results indicate that the immunophenotypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes in older dogs offer promise as parameters for evaluating mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Watabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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Moreira J, Aragão-Filho WC, Barillas SG, Barbosa SM, Pedroza LA, Condino-Neto A. Human Leucocytes Response to Viable, Extended Freeze-Drying or Heat-Killed Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin. Scand J Immunol 2011; 75:96-101. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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