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Chang ES, Monin JK, Isenberg N, Zelterman D, Levy BR. Implicit and Explicit Dehumanization of Older Family Members: Novel Determinants of Elder Abuse Proclivity. STIGMA AND HEALTH 2023; 8:40-48. [PMID: 37092028 PMCID: PMC10120856 DOI: 10.1037/sah0000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Elder abuse affects one in six older persons globally. Three limitations impede progress in prevention: most research is victim- rather than perpetrator-based; the reliance on explicit, self-reported factors; and failure to account for psychological factors, such as dehumanization, that motivate abuse. The current study addressed these gaps by examining whether implicit and explicit dehumanization of t could explain elder abuse proclivity. In a web-based survey of 585 family caregivers of older persons, dehumanization was found to be prevalent with 51% of the caregivers implicitly and 31% explicitly dehumanizing older persons. As predicted, implicit and explicit dehumanization contributed to elder abuse proclivity (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02-1.50, p = .03) and (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05-1.51, p = .01), respectively, after adjusting for relevant covariates including caregiver burden, and caregivers' and care-recipients' health. Developing caregiver-based interventions to humanize older persons may complement ongoing efforts in reducing elder abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-Shien Chang
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Joan K. Monin
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Department, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Naomi Isenberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Daniel Zelterman
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Becca R. Levy
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Department, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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2
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Mikton C, Beaulieu M, Burnes D, Choo WY, Herbst JH, Pillemer K, Yon Y. High time for an intervention accelerator to prevent abuse of older people. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:973-975. [PMID: 37118090 PMCID: PMC10148954 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00301-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are no evidence-based interventions to prevent and respond to abuse of older people. We propose to create, within the Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030, an intervention accelerator to speed up the development of effective interventions for abuse of older people in community and institutional settings within low-, middle- and high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mikton
- Department of Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- Center for Research on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Burnes
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wan-Yuen Choo
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeffrey H Herbst
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karl Pillemer
- College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yongjie Yon
- Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Doncel-García B, Lizaso I, Fraile-Bermúdez AB, Mosquera-Lajas Á, Santamaría-Trincado B, Sanz B, Irazusta J. Reducing Negative Aging Stereotypes via Educational Intervention in Older People: A Randomized Controlled Study. Res Aging 2022; 45:475-485. [PMID: 36113442 DOI: 10.1177/01640275221126100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Anti-ageism interventions traditionally target younger individuals. We analyzed the effect of an educational intervention that combined an infusion of aging content with videos to reduce negative stereotypes toward aging in a randomized controlled study of 56 community-dwelling older adults. The experimental group received a single one-hour information session and video viewing on ageism; the control group viewed 1 hour of videos unrelated to ageism. Repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that the experimental group reported a significantly reduced Negative Stereotypes Toward Aging Questionnaire (CENVE) total score along with an independent measure of the character–personality factor in this questionnaire 1 week and 1 month after the intervention compared to baseline. The control group showed no changes. This work reports for the first time that a one-hour information session about aging combined with video viewing on ageism can efficiently reduce negative stereotypes of aging in older people in the short and medium term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Doncel-García
- OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Izarne Lizaso
- Department of Basic Psychological Processes and their Development, University of the Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Mosquera-Lajas
- Aspaldiko’s Psychosocial Service and Municipal Community Centers, Portugalete, Spain
| | | | - Begoña Sanz
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jon Irazusta
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
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Weissberger GH, Lim AC, Mosqueda L, Schoen J, Axelrod J, Nguyen AL, Wilber KH, Esquivel RS, Han SD. Elder abuse in the COVID-19 era based on calls to the National Center on Elder Abuse resource line. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:689. [PMID: 35987616 PMCID: PMC9392067 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03385-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated circumstances that place older adults at higher risk for abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Identifying characteristics of elder abuse during COVID-19 is critically important. This study characterized and compared elder abuse patterns across two time periods, a one-year period during the pandemic, and a corresponding one-year period prior to the start of the pandemic. METHODS Contacts (including social media contacts, and email; all referred to as "calls" for expediency) made to the National Center on Elder Abuse (NCEA) resource line were examined for differences in types of reported elder abuse and characteristics of alleged perpetrators prior to the pandemic (Time 1; March 16, 2018 to March 15, 2019) and during the pandemic (Time 2; March 16, 2020 to March 15, 2021). Calls were examined for whether or not abuse was reported, the types of reported elder abuse, including financial, physical, sexual, emotional, and neglect, and characteristics of callers, victims, and alleged perpetrators. Chi-square tests of independence compared frequencies of elder abuse characteristics between time periods. RESULTS In Time 1, 1401 calls were received, of which 795 calls (56.7%) described abuse. In Time 2, 1009 calls were received, of which 550 calls (54.5%) described abuse. The difference between time periods in frequency of abuse to non-abuse calls was not significant ([Formula: see text]). Time periods also did not significantly differ with regard to caller, victim, and perpetrator characteristics. Greater rates of physical abuse ([Formula: see text] and emotional abuse ([Formula: see text] were reported during Time 2 after adjustment for multiple comparisons. An increased frequency of multiple forms of abuse was also found in Time 2 compared to Time 1 ([Formula: see text]. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest differences in specific elder abuse subtypes and frequency of co-occurrence between subtypes between time periods, pointing to a potential increase in the severity of elder abuse during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gali H Weissberger
- Interdisciplinary Department of Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Aaron C Lim
- Department of Family Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
| | - Laura Mosqueda
- Department of Family Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
- USC Keck School of Medicine, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- National Center On Elder Abuse, Department of Family Medicine and Geriatrics, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Julie Schoen
- Department of Family Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
- National Center On Elder Abuse, Department of Family Medicine and Geriatrics, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
| | - Jenna Axelrod
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, 909 Davis, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
| | - Kathleen H Wilber
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Richard S Esquivel
- Department of Family Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
- National Center On Elder Abuse, Department of Family Medicine and Geriatrics, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
| | - S Duke Han
- Department of Family Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 22, HSA Building A-6, Alhambra, CA, 91803, USA
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Psychology, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Neurology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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Mikton C, Beaulieu M, Yon Y, Cadieux Genesse J, St‐Martin K, Byrne M, Phelan A, Storey J, Rogers M, Campbell F, Ali P, Burnes D, Band‐Winterstein T, Penhale B, Lachs M, Pillemer K, Estenson L, Marnfeldt K, Eustace‐Cook J, Sutton A, Lacasse F. PROTOCOL: Global elder abuse: A mega-map of systematic reviews on prevalence, consequences, risk and protective factors and interventions. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1227. [PMID: 36911355 PMCID: PMC9046657 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: to produce a mega-map which identifies, maps and provides a visual interactive display, based on systematic reviews on all the main aspects of elder abuse in both the community and in institutions, such as residential and long-term care institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mikton
- Department of Social Determinants of HealthWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- École de travail social, Faculté des lettres et sciences humainesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada
- Research Chair on Mistreatment of Older AdultsSherbrookeQuébecCanada
| | - Yongjie Yon
- World Health Organization Regional Office for EuropeCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Kevin St‐Martin
- École de travail social, Faculté des lettres et sciences humainesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada
| | - Mark Byrne
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Amanda Phelan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | | | - Michaela Rogers
- Department of Sociological StudiesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Fiona Campbell
- School of Health and Related ResearchThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Parveen Ali
- Department of Sociological StudiesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - David Burnes
- Rotman Research Institute, Factor‐Inwentash Faculty of Social Work Affiliate Scientist, BaycrestUniversity of TorontoOntarioTorontoCanada
| | - Tova Band‐Winterstein
- Department of GerontologyFaculty of Social Welfare and Health SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | | | - Mark Lachs
- Geriatric MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Cornell Institute for Translational Research on AgingCornell UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Lilly Estenson
- Leonard Davis School of GerontologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kelly Marnfeldt
- Leonard Davis School of GerontologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Anthea Sutton
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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Wong JS, Howe MJK, Breslau H, Wroblewski KE, McSorley VE, Waite LJ. Elder Mistreatment Methods and Measures in Round 3 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:S287-S298. [PMID: 34918146 PMCID: PMC8678432 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elder mistreatment has negative consequences for older adults' health and well-being. As such, scholars aim to understand its causes, the contexts in which it occurs, how to prevent victimization, and how to design interventions for mistreated older adults. This paper provides a detailed overview of the 2015-2016 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) Round 3 Elder Mistreatment Module (EMM) to encourage further research on the topic. METHOD This paper reviews previous elder mistreatment scholarship, describes the EMM, provides descriptive analyses of elder mistreatment among community-dwelling older adults, and discusses promising approaches and limitations to future research with these data. RESULTS The EMM includes 10 stem questions to measure elder mistreatment behaviors experienced since age 60 and 2 follow-up questions about perceived severity and the identity of the perpetrator. The stem questions can be analyzed individually or combined into a scale, and researchers can account for severity as a robustness check. Analysts can also group the measures into specific types of elder mistreatment. A major strength of the EMM is its ability to identify perpetrators in victims' core social networks. DISCUSSION The NSHAP Round 3 EMM provides scholars an opportunity to study older Americans' mistreatment experiences, particularly as they relate to their physical and mental health, their social networks and personal relationships, and their broader social contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn S Wong
- Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Melissa J K Howe
- Academic Research Centers, NORC at the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hannah Breslau
- Academic Research Centers, NORC at the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - V Eloesa McSorley
- Rush University Medical Center, Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Linda J Waite
- Academic Research Centers, NORC at the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
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7
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Lichtenberg PA, Campbell R, Hall L, Gross EZ. Context Matters: Financial, Psychological, and Relationship Insecurity Around Personal Finance Is Associated With Financial Exploitation. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 60:1040-1049. [PMID: 32211847 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Context can influence or overwhelm the intellectual and cognitive aspects of financial decision making but has only recently received increased attention. The construct validity of conceptual subscales from a financial decision-making scale was examined in the context of their relationship to financial exploitation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two hundred forty-two community-based participants were recruited into the study. The final sample contained 242 participants. Measures included demographic variables, conceptually derived contextual items, and neurocognitive measures. Seventeen of the 34 contextual items investigated differentiated financially exploited and nonexploited older adults. Combining these 17 contextual items led to the creation of a new scale: the Financial Exploitation Vulnerability Scale (FEVS). Correlational analyses and area under the curve analyses were used to examine the relationship between this new scale of contextual items and other measures and to determine how clinically meaningful the scale was in the current sample. RESULTS Contextual items were powerful discriminators between those who were exploited and those who were not. The new scale of contextual items (the FEVS) demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82) and a strong area under the curve (receiver operating characteristic = 0.80), thereby indicating good clinical significance and evidence for construct validity. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS We examined the conceptually derived subscales of financial awareness, psychological vulnerability, and relationship strain and how these relate to financial exploitation. Our major finding is that contextual items differentiated between exploited and nonexploited adults, which demonstrate the importance of measuring context in financial decision making and exploitation. A new scale for measuring contextual items was introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Lichtenberg
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Rebecca Campbell
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - LaToya Hall
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Evan Z Gross
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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Farnia V, Bajoghli H, Golshani S, Shakeri J, Maurandi-López A, Rubio L, Perez-Carceles MD. Elder abuse among Spanish and Iranian people: new methodological approach to the same old story. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:1515-1524. [PMID: 33783603 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Elder abuse continues to be a taboo, mostly underestimated, ignored by societies across the world. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have revealed significant variations in the prevalence of elder abuse, with large geographic variations. This is the first study that compares the prevalence of elder abuse and risk factors between a European and Asian countries and using the same method. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Spain and Iran. Eight hundred forty subjects, aged 65 and over, were chosen randomly from patients in primary care health centres. Prevalence of abuse and subtypes and risk factors were obtained using structured interviews. To minimize the potential effects of selection bias, a propensity score matching was performed. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to evaluate the possible relationships among all the variables and to identify specific profiles. Five hundred thirty-two older people remained for the analysis after matching. The prevalence of abuse was 39.1% in Spain and 80.5% in Iran. Elder abuse and its subtypes are significantly more probable in Iran than in Spain. Out of every five elderly people questioned, two in Spain and four in Iran responded affirmatively to a question concerning elder abuse. Multiple correspondence analysis allows the differences between patterns of elder abuse between both populations to be visualized. Elder abuse is a prevalent problem in Spain and Iran. While some characteristics are shared in the pattern of abuse there are different profiles between the two countries. Detecting elder abuse should be a priority objective in clinical and forensic setting. Key points • This is the first study that compares the prevalence of elder abuse between a European and Asian country, using the same methodology. • Multiple correspondence analysis allows specific elder abuse profiles to be identified. • Elder abuse is significantly more likely to occur in Iran than in Spain. • Out of every five elderly people questioned, two in Spain and four in Iran responded affirmatively to a question concerning elder abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Farnia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hafez Bajoghli
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Senobar Golshani
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jalal Shakeri
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Maurandi-López
- Department of Didactics of Mathematical and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis Rubio
- Primary Care Management, Murcia Health Service, E-30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria D Perez-Carceles
- Institute of Research into Aging, Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca), Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", School of Medicine, University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Cimino-Fiallos N, Rosen T. Elder Abuse-A Guide to Diagnosis and Management in the Emergency Department. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2021; 39:405-417. [PMID: 33863468 DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Elder abuse affects many older adults and can be life threatening. Older adults both in the community and long-term care facilities are at risk. An emergency department visit is an opportunity for an abuse victim to seek help. Emergency clinicians should be able to recognize the signs of abuse, including patterns of injury consistent with mistreatment. Screening tools can assist clinicians in the diagnosis of abuse. Physicians can help victims of mistreatment by reporting the abuse to the appropriate investigative agency and by developing a treatment plan with a multidisciplinary team to include a safe discharge plan and close follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cimino-Fiallos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Meritus Medical Center, 11116 Medical Campus Road, Hagerstown, MD 21742, USA.
| | - Tony Rosen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
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10
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Pillemer K, Burnes D, MacNeil A. Investigating the connection between ageism and elder mistreatment. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:159-164. [PMID: 37118633 PMCID: PMC10687725 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Elder mistreatment is recognized as a pervasive public health problem with detrimental consequences for older adults and society. Although considerable research has examined elder mistreatment risk factors at the individual level, there is a growing call for the field to move beyond proximal causes and consider underlying structural factors that influence elder mistreatment. Illustrating this shift, organizations, advocacy groups and researchers have proposed a connection between ageism and elder mistreatment. However, despite the assertion that ageism is a causal factor for elder mistreatment, there is a scarcity of research to demonstrate this relationship. In this Perspective, we examine the proposed conceptual pathways and limited empirical research connecting ageism and elder mistreatment. After identifying critical gaps in current knowledge, we propose a model that links ageism and elder mistreatment and a research agenda to bring conceptual clarity and empirical evidence to the study of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Pillemer
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- MVR Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - David Burnes
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andie MacNeil
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Apriceno M, Lytle A, Monahan C, Macdonald J, Levy SR. Prioritizing Health Care and Employment Resources During COVID-19: Roles of Benevolent and Hostile Ageism. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 61:98-102. [PMID: 33119089 PMCID: PMC7665451 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Benevolent and hostile ageism are subtypes of ageism that characterize older adults as incompetent. With benevolent ageism, older adults are also viewed as warm. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has strained resources and prompted debates about priority for older adults versus other groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS College students completed an online survey of how much priority should be given to older adults in 3 relevant health care-related scenarios and 3 relevant employment scenarios. RESULTS Benevolent ageism significantly predicted higher priority for older adults to receive health care (triage, COVID-19 vaccine, and COVID-19 testing) and employment resources (retention of job and working from home) while greater endorsement of hostile ageism significantly predicted lower priority ratings. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings replicate and extend past work. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc on health care and employment resources, this study sheds light on one factor-benevolent and hostile ageism-that contributes to a greater understanding of prioritization views toward a vulnerable segment of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashley Lytle
- College of Arts and Letters, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
| | - Caitlin Monahan
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Jamie Macdonald
- Psychology Department, St Francis College, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Sheri R Levy
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
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12
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Rowan JM, Yonashiro-Cho J, Wilber KH, Gassoumis ZD. Who is in the revolving door? Policy and practice implications of recurrent reports to adult protective services. J Elder Abuse Negl 2020; 32:489-508. [PMID: 33308080 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2020.1852142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Repeat referral to adult protective services APS (recurrence) is a much-discussed topic among APS agencies as it may indicate ongoing harm, yet there is limited research examining prevalence or causes. This paper provides a foundational investigation of recurrence within a California APS county program. Drawing from thirty-three months of de-identified reports, we used logistic regression to examine the impact of intake report characteristics on repeat referral within one year after baseline case closure. One-fifth of the sample was recurrent (19.9%, n=987/4,958), with self-neglect being the most common type of report to recur (14.3%, n=307/2,141). Overall recurrence was predicted by female gender, older age, living alone, and multiple elder abuse, neglect, and exploitation (ANE) types reported at baseline, and report placed by social service provider, friends, family, landlords, and victim self-reports. Reporters personally related to the victim and social service providers are potential partners in identifying ANE, and alternate intervention approaches may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Rowan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeanine Yonashiro-Cho
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathleen H Wilber
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zachary D Gassoumis
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
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Easton SD, Kong J. Childhood Adversities, Midlife Health, and Elder Abuse Victimization: A Longitudinal Analysis based on Cumulative Disadvantage Theory. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 76:2086-2097. [PMID: 32745210 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elder abuse victimization is increasingly recognized as a pressing public health concern. However, few empirical studies have investigated whether early life course adversities and midlife sequelae heighten risks for abuse in late life. Guided by cumulative disadvantage theory, the current study examined whether compromised health in middle adulthood (physical, psychological, cognitive) mediates the association between child abuse and elder abuse. METHODS This secondary analysis was based on data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, a population-based, multi-wave dataset. We analyzed responses from 5,968 participants (mean age = 71 years; 54% female) on adapted versions of standardized measures: elder abuse victimization (outcome variable), childhood adversities (independent variable), and midlife health (physical health, depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning; mediator variables). Serial multiple mediation models were conducted, controlling for background characteristics. RESULTS Rates for any elder abuse and child adversities were, respectively, 16.34% and 47.98%. Multivariate analyses supported the cumulative disadvantage hypothesis. Childhood adversities (0.11, p < .001) and midlife health (physical, -0.10, p < .05; depressive symptoms, 0.09, p < .001; cognitive functioning, 0.02, p < .05) had significant direct effects on elder abuse victimization. Childhood adversities also had an indirect effect on elder abuse through physical health (0.002, p < .05) and depressive symptoms (0.01, p < .001), both in serial. DISCUSSION This innovative study advances our understanding mechanisms through which childhood trauma influences abuse in late life. Boosting health in middle adulthood could help prevent elder abuse. Other implications for clinical practice, treatment, and future research on elder abuse are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Easton
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jooyoung Kong
- School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Lytle A, Nowacek N, Levy SR. Instapals: Reducing ageism by facilitating intergenerational contact and providing aging education. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2020; 41:308-319. [PMID: 32129732 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2020.1737047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing the PEACE (Positive Education about Aging and Contact Experiences) model as a theoretical foundation, Instapals was a novel ageism reduction intervention with undergraduate students in a non-gerontology course that 1) provided aging education and 2) facilitated positive 1-to-1 intergenerational relationships with older adults (individuals 65+) through daily exchanges on Instagram for 30 days and two in-person meetings. Paired t-tests demonstrate a significant decrease in aging anxiety, psychological concerns about aging, and negative stereotyping of older adults. Results from coded open-ended responses suggest an overall positive experience with Instapals and more positive attitudes toward aging and older adults across a semester. Findings from the first test of Instapals, a theoretically-driven intervention, shows promise for reducing ageism among larger samples and in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lytle
- Department of Social Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology , Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nancy Nowacek
- Department of Visual Arts and Technology, Stevens Institute of Technology , Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sheri R Levy
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New Jersey, USA
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Lichtenberg PA, Gross E, Ficker LJ. Quantifying Risk of Financial Incapacity and Financial Exploitation in Community-dwelling Older Adults: Utility of a Scoring System for the Lichtenberg Financial Decision-making Rating Scale. Clin Gerontol 2020; 43:266-280. [PMID: 29883276 PMCID: PMC6286690 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2018.1485812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This work examines the clinical utility of the scoring system for the Lichtenberg Financial Decision-making Rating Scale (LFDRS) and its usefulness for decision making capacity and financial exploitation. Objective 1 was to examine the clinical utility of a person centered, empirically supported, financial decision making scale. Objective 2 was to determine whether the risk-scoring system created for this rating scale is sufficiently accurate for the use of cutoff scores in cases of decisional capacity and cases of suspected financial exploitation. Objective 3 was to examine whether cognitive decline and decisional impairment predicted suspected financial exploitation.Methods: Two hundred independently living, non-demented community-dwelling older adults comprised the sample. Participants completed the rating scale and other cognitive measures.Results: Receiver operating characteristic curves were in the good to excellent range for decisional capacity scoring, and in the fair to good range for financial exploitation.Conclusions: Analyses supported the conceptual link between decision making deficits and risk for exploitation, and supported the use of the risk-scoring system in a community-based population.Clinical Implications: This study adds to the empirical evidence supporting the use of the rating scale as a clinical tool assessing risk for financial decisional impairment and/or financial exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Lichtenberg
- Institute of Gerontology & Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Professor of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Evan Gross
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Psychology, Institute of Gerontology, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Lisa J Ficker
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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Lytle A, Levy SR. Reducing Ageism: Education About Aging and Extended Contact With Older Adults. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2020; 59:580-588. [PMID: 29165571 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Ageism is of increasing concern due to the growing older population worldwide and youth-centered focus of many societies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The current investigation tested the PEACE (Positive Education about Aging and Contact Experiences) model for the first time. Two online experimental studies examined 2 key factors for reducing ageism: education about aging (providing accurate information about aging) and extended contact (knowledge of positive intergenerational contact) as well as their potential combined effect (education plus extended contact). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In Study 1, 354 undergraduates in all 3 experimental conditions (vs. control participants) reported less negative attitudes toward older adults (delayed post-test) and greater aging knowledge (immediate and delayed post-tests), when controlling for pre-study attitudes. In Study 2, 505 national community participants (ages 18-59) in all experimental conditions (vs. control participants) reported less negative attitudes toward older adults (immediate post-test) and greater aging knowledge (immediate and delayed post-tests). In summary, across 2 online studies, education about aging and knowledge of intergenerational extended contact improved attitudes toward older adults and aging knowledge. IMPLICATIONS Thus, brief, online ageism-reduction strategies can be an effective way to combat ageism. These strategies hold promise to be tested in other settings, with other samples, and to be elaborated into more in-depth interventions that aim to reduce ageism in everyday culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lytle
- College of Arts and Letters, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey
| | - Sheri R Levy
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York
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Weissberger GH, Goodman MC, Mosqueda L, Schoen J, Nguyen AL, Wilber KH, Gassoumis ZD, Nguyen CP, Han SD. Elder Abuse Characteristics Based on Calls to the National Center on Elder Abuse Resource Line. J Appl Gerontol 2019; 39:1078-1087. [PMID: 31364442 DOI: 10.1177/0733464819865685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the types of elder abuse and identifying the characteristics of perpetrators are critically important. This study examined the types of elder abuse reported to the National Center on Elder Abuse (NCEA) resource line. Calls were coded with regard to whether abuse was reported, types of abuse alleged, whether multiple abuse subtypes occurred, and who perpetrated the alleged abuse. Of the 1,939 calls, 818 (42.2%) alleged abuse, with financial abuse being the most commonly reported (449 calls, 54.9%). A subset of calls identified multiple abuse types (188, 23.0%) and multiple abusers (149, 18.2%). Physical abuse was most likely to co-occur with another abuse type (61/93 calls, 65.6%). Family members were the most commonly identified perpetrators (309 calls, 46.8%). This study reports the characteristics of elder abuse from a unique source of frontline data, the NCEA resource line. Findings point to the importance of supportive resources for elder abuse victims and loved ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Mosqueda
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, USA.,National Center on Elder Abuse, Alhambra, CA, USA
| | - Julie Schoen
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Alhambra, USA.,National Center on Elder Abuse, Alhambra, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - S Duke Han
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Alhambra, USA.,Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, USA.,USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, USA.,Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Los Angeles, USA
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Mazzotti MC, Scarcella E, D'Antone E, Fersini F, Salsi G, Ingravallo F, Amadasi A, Pelotti S. Italian healthcare professionals' attitude and barriers to mandatory reporting of elder abuse: An exploratory study. J Forensic Leg Med 2019; 63:26-30. [PMID: 30849694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elder abuse in recent times has reached a remarkable international importance. This complex phenomenon is still little understood and studied in Italy. The aim of this study was to explore Italian healthcare professionals' attitude and barriers toward elder abuse, with a glimpse on the current scenario and evidences to develop an action plan. MATERIALS AND METHODS 42 healthcare professionals filled a questionnaire with 13 open-ended questions, analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. Data were grouped under the following 4 core-themes: description of elder abuse, abuse detection and perception, barriers to reporting, and professional orientation and approach; then they were analyzed to find their central component and discussed jointly. RESULTS The respondents described physical (64%) and psychological (50%) abuse and neglect (50%) as the three main characteristics of elder abuse; the 59% of them reported at least one experience in detecting or suspecting elder abuse. The 76% of participants believed the report has to be submitted to the Judicial Authority only in presence of compelling evidences. Furthermore, the 73% of the sample perceived that healthcare professionals are the main figures who have to cope with elder abuse, however they did not feel as their exclusive role the assessment of the patients' potential abuse. CONCLUSION Knowledge about elder abuse was limited to physical/psychological issues and, moreover, the legal obligation to report was only poorly known. Imperative is the creation of specific education and training courses, in addition to the need for a multidisciplinary and empathetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carla Mazzotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Scarcella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa D'Antone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fersini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Salsi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Ingravallo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Amadasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Susi Pelotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Lee M, Rosen T, Murphy K, Sagar P. A new role for imaging in the diagnosis of physical elder abuse: results of a qualitative study with radiologists and frontline providers. J Elder Abuse Negl 2019; 31:163-180. [PMID: 30741114 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2019.1573160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric radiologists play a key role in the detection of child abuse through the identification of characteristic injury patterns. Emergency radiologists have the potential to play an equally important role in the detection of elder physical abuse; however, they currently play little to no part in this effort. We examine the reasons behind this limited role, and potential strategies to expand it, by interviewing attending faculty from Emergency Radiology, Geriatrics, Emergency Medicine, Pediatric Radiology, and Pediatrics. Our interviews revealed that radiologists' contribution to elder abuse detection is currently limited by gaps in training, gaps in knowledge about imaging correlates, and gaps in inter-team clinical communication. Specifically, radiographic interpretation of elder trauma is severely restricted by lack of communication between frontline providers and radiologists about patients' injury mechanism and functional status. Improving this communication and re-conceptualizing ED workflow is critical to expanding and optimizing radiologists' role in elder abuse detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihan Lee
- a Department of Radiology , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Tony Rosen
- b Division of Emergency Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , NY , USA
| | - Kieran Murphy
- c Department of Medical Imaging , Toronto Western Hospital , Toronto , ON , CAN
| | - Pallavi Sagar
- d Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
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20
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Levy SR. Toward Reducing Ageism: PEACE (Positive Education about Aging and Contact Experiences) Model. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 58:226-232. [PMID: 27510755 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnw116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of older adults is growing worldwide. Negative ageism (negative attitudes and behavior toward older adults) is a serious international concern that negatively influences not only older adults but also individuals across the age continuum. This article proposes and examines the application of an integrative theoretical model across empirical evidence in the literature on ageism in psychology, medicine, social work, and sociology. The proposed Positive Education about Aging and Contact Experiences (PEACE) model focuses on 2 key contributing factors expected to reduce negative ageism: (a) education about aging including facts on aging along with positive older role models that dispel negative and inaccurate images of older adulthood; and (b) positive contact experiences with older adults that are individualized, provide or promote equal status, are cooperative, involve sharing of personal information, and are sanctioned within the setting. These 2 key contributing factors have the potential to be interconnected and work together to reduce negative stereotypes, aging anxiety, prejudice, and discrimination associated with older adults and aging. This model has implications for policies and programs that can improve the health and well-being of individuals, as well as expand the residential, educational, and career options of individuals across the age continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri R Levy
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York
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Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Adaptation of the Indicators of Abuse (IOA) Screen. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 21:E43. [PMID: 30355387 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2018.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to replicate the analyses conducted by the creators of the Indicators of Abuse (IOA) Screen with a Spanish sample group and compare the results, to present new validity evidences, to analyze which items were more relevant in the detection of situations of risk of abuse, and to establish a cut-off point to interpret the obtained scores. The IOA was used by 46 professionals from social services teams who assessed the situation of 231 elderly individuals and their main caregivers. The obtained results advocated towards unidimensionality of the scale. It showed a high level of internal consistency (α = .94). The Confidence Interval of 99% for the alpha coefficient was between .92 and .95. The ordinal alpha coefficient reached the value of .98. The total score of the scale showed adequate temporal stability (r = .91; p ≤ .001; N = 163). Statistically significant differences (t-test) in the mean scores of most of the items were found between cases of adequate treatment and cases of risk of abuse. The scale classified correctly 93% of all cases. The best balance between sensitivity and specificity was found at the cut-off point given by score 16 (Sensitivity = 0.94, Specificity = 0.85). The results appear to confirm the validity evidence of the instrument when used with a Spanish population. However, it is necessary to conduct further research and confirm the results with wider, more representative sample groups.
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Pickering CEZ, Ridenour K, Salaysay Z, Reyes-Gastelum D, Pierce SJ. EATI Island - A virtual-reality-based elder abuse and neglect educational intervention. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2018; 39:445-463. [PMID: 27352224 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2016.1203310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite high prevalence rates of elder abuse and neglect (EA/N), compliance with mandatory reporting remains low. A lack of practical training on EA/N has been identified as a barrier. This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of an innovative virtual-reality-based educational intervention intended to improve EA/N recognition and reporting among nurses and social workers providing in-home services. The educational intervention consisted of two parts, including an introductory course and advanced assessment training in virtual reality. The advanced assessment training was focused on learning to use the QualCare Scale, an instrument used to assess quality of family caregiving. Data was evaluated in terms of user satisfaction, changes in knowledge, and changes in practice. Results indicate that participants were satisfied with the content and format of the training program. Participants made gains in knowledge in identification and had 99% accuracy in their mandatory reporting decisions. Importantly, professionals reported making changes in their daily practice based on knowledge and skills learnt. Evaluation data indicate that this interdisciplinary training program was a satisfactory way to learn that produced changes in knowledge and impacted clinical practice. Few implementation barriers were encountered during this project suggesting it would be replicable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly Ridenour
- a College of Nursing , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan USA
| | - Zachary Salaysay
- b School of Nursing , University of Michigan , East Lansing , Michigan USA
| | - David Reyes-Gastelum
- c College of Education , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan USA
| | - Steven J Pierce
- d Center for Statistical Training and Consulting , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan USA
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Burnes D, Pillemer K, Lachs MS. Elder Abuse Severity: A Critical but Understudied Dimension of Victimization for Clinicians and Researchers. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 57:745-756. [PMID: 26874186 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnv688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Study To describe the variation in severity of elder emotional abuse, physical abuse, and neglect and identify factors associated with more severe forms of elder mistreatment (EM). Design and Methods Population-based study using random digit-dial sampling and telephone interviews with a representative sample (n = 4,156) of community-dwelling, cognitively intact older adults in New York State. The Conflict Tactics Scale and DUKE Older Americans Resources and Services scales were adapted to assess EM subtypes. For each EM subtype, severity was operationalized by summing the number of different mistreatment behaviors and the frequency of each behavior. Among older adults reporting some degree of mistreatment, ordinal or multinomial regression predicted severity of elder emotional abuse, physical abuse, and neglect. Results Distribution of EM severity was characterized by a negative/right skew. More severe emotional abuse was predicted by younger age, living with the perpetrator only, Hispanic background, and higher education. Increasing physical abuse severity was associated with younger age and living only with the perpetrator. Higher neglect severity was associated with functional impairment, younger age, living only with the perpetrator, lower income, and lower education. The presence of nonperpetrator others living in the home served a protective function against escalating mistreatment severity. Implications Extends existing EM risk factor research by operationalizing mistreatment phenomena along a continuum of severity. Findings enhance capacity to screen and report particularly vulnerable EM victims and inform targeted interventions to ameliorate the problem. Incorporation of severity into EM research/measurement reflects the clinical and phenomenological reality of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burnes
- University of Toronto, Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Mark S Lachs
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York
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Meyer K, Yonashiro-Cho J, Gassoumis ZD, Mosqueda L, Han SD, Wilber KH. What Can Elder Mistreatment Researchers Learn About Primary Prevention From Family Violence Intervention Models? THE GERONTOLOGIST 2017; 59:601-609. [DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Elder mistreatment (EM) is a public health problem that harms millions of older Americans each year. Despite growing recognition of its occurrence, there are no evidence-based primary prevention programs. Although EM is distinct from other areas of family violence, including child maltreatment and intimate partner violence, common risk factors and theoretical underpinnings point to opportunities for prevention strategies. Drawing on evidence-based best practices found in other fields of family violence, we identify approaches that could be tested to prevent EM at the hands of family caregivers, who are among the most likely to commit mistreatment. Specifically, we examine home visiting approaches primarily used in the child maltreatment field and identify components that have potential to inform EM interventions, including prevention. We conclude that there is enough information to begin testing a prevention intervention for EM that targets caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Meyer
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Zachary D Gassoumis
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Laura Mosqueda
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Alhambra
| | - S Duke Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Alhambra
| | - Kathleen H Wilber
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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Dauenhauer J, Heffernan K, Caccamise PL, Granata A, Calamia L, Siebert-Konopko T, Mason A. Preliminary Outcomes From a Community-Based Elder Abuse Risk and Evaluation Tool. J Appl Gerontol 2017; 38:1445-1471. [PMID: 29165020 DOI: 10.1177/0733464817733105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This research addresses the need to develop an assessment tool for case workers working in the aging services field outside of APS. As such, the research discusses the development, implementation, and preliminary outcomes of the Elder Abuse Risk Assessment and Evaluation© tool (EARAE). This instrument was developed and pilot tested by the Elder Abuse Prevention Program (EAPP), a program within Lifespan of Greater Rochester Inc. in Rochester, New York. A total of 189 suspected elder mistreatment cases were investigated using the EARAE instrument to track elements at the start and close of each case. Results indicate the tool represents an effective way to capture abuse indicators, track contributing risk factors, measure multiple case outcomes, and track types of interventions utilized. Opportunities and limitations of the tool are also discussed.
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Canedo-García A, García-Sánchez JN, Pacheco-Sanz DI. A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Intergenerational Programs. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1882. [PMID: 29163269 PMCID: PMC5663734 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The objective of the present review study is to identify the determinant elements of the effectiveness of empirically based interventions (EBI) in the field of intergenerational work, contrasting face-to-face and combined (face-to-face and virtual) intervention modalities against variables relating to this field according to EBI indicators. Design and Methods: An extensive literature search returned a total of 553 studies. Of these, just 50 studies met the inclusion criteria of being an empirical investigation of the effectiveness of intergenerational programs that contain appropriate elaboration on theoretical constructs and methods. Results: The descriptive and multivariate analysis conducted demonstrates that programs with a greater number of EBI controls have the greatest effectiveness, regardless of the intervention mode employed, and that this effectiveness is also modulated by other variables such as the participants' disabilities, their literacy level, or their membership of an organization. Conclusions: We examined the implications of these findings, noting the need to increase the number of virtual interventions that could improve the efficiency of the activities undertaken, and at the same time ensuring that EBI indicators are also fulfilled.
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Spreng RN, Cassidy BN, Darboh BS, DuPre E, Lockrow AW, Setton R, Turner GR. Financial Exploitation Is Associated With Structural and Functional Brain Differences in Healthy Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:1365-1368. [PMID: 28369260 PMCID: PMC5861949 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Age-related brain changes leading to altered socioemotional functioning may increase vulnerability to financial exploitation. If confirmed, this would suggest a novel mechanism leading to heightened financial exploitation risk in older adults. Development of predictive neural markers could facilitate increased vigilance and prevention. In this preliminary study, we sought to identify structural and functional brain differences associated with financial exploitation in older adults. Methods Financially exploited older adults (n = 13, 7 female) and a matched cohort of older adults who had been exposed to, but avoided, a potentially exploitative situation (n = 13, 7 female) were evaluated. Using magnetic resonance imaging, we examined cortical thickness and resting state functional connectivity. Behavioral data were collected using standardized cognitive assessments, self-report measures of mood and social functioning. Results The exploited group showed cortical thinning in anterior insula and posterior superior temporal cortices, regions associated with processing affective and social information, respectively. Functional connectivity encompassing these regions, within default and salience networks, was reduced, while between network connectivity was increased. Self-reported anger and hostility was higher for the exploited group. Conclusions We observed financial exploitation associated with brain differences in regions involved in socioemotional functioning. These exploratory and preliminary findings suggest that alterations in brain regions implicated in socioemotional functioning may be a marker of financial exploitation risk. Large-scale, prospective studies are necessary to validate this neural mechanism, and develop predictive markers for use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nathan Spreng
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Human Neuroscience Institute, Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | | | - Bri S Darboh
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth DuPre
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Human Neuroscience Institute, Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Amber W Lockrow
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Human Neuroscience Institute, Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Roni Setton
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Human Neuroscience Institute, Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Gary R Turner
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Phelan A, Fealy G, Downes C. Piloting the older adult financial exploitation measure in adult safeguarding services. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 70:148-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Epistemological erasure: The subject of abuse in the problematization of 'elder abuse'. J Aging Stud 2017; 41:52-59. [PMID: 28610755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The academic field of literature pertaining to elder abuse emerges largely from gerontology with contributions from a variety of disciplines including geriatric medicine, nursing, public health, law, psychology, sociology and social work. This paper presents a critical review of articles drawn from this literature to identify current directions leading the development of empirical research in this field. The objective measurement of prevalence, the identification and correlation of psycho-social risk factors and practice-based research oriented to intervention and prevention are identified as privileged sites for scientific investigation. These sites are critically analysed in terms of their underpinning rationalities to reveal the operation of a hegemonic post-positivist epistemological framework. This framework enables an expert professional discourse to structure knowledge and the field of inquiry through constructions of the 'subject of abuse' as a statistical figure, a factorial subject of risk and universally vulnerable. These modes of representation preclude subjective lived experience and, in doing so, inaugurate an 'epistemological erasure' of the embodied subject of abuse. The review attends to the limited body of qualitative research in the field, some of which claims a politicized empiricism of 'voice'. However, whilst the findings produced by this research suggest theoretically and conceptually fertile lines of inquiry, these have not disrupted or extended the dominant discourses in the field. This paper argues that an epistemological gulf, riven through a politics of evidence, ensures the reproduction of dominant discourses and their attendant limitations in ways that forestall the conceptual and theoretical advancement of the field.
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Research Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Elder Abuse Prevalence Studies. Can J Aging 2017; 36:256-265. [PMID: 28399951 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980817000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Elder abuse is an important public health and human rights issue, yet its true extent is not well understood. To address this, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of elder abuse prevalence studies from around the world. This protocol describes the methodological approach to be adopted for conducting this systematic review and meta-analysis. In particular, the protocol describes the search strategies and eligibility criteria to be used to identify and select studies and how data from the selected studies will be extracted for analysis. The protocol also describes the analytical approach that will be used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates and discusses the use of meta-regression to assess how studies' characteristics influence the prevalence estimates. This protocol conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis - or PRISMA - guidelines and has been registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of systematic reviews.
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Lichtenberg PA. Financial exploitation, financial capacity, and Alzheimer's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 71:312-20. [PMID: 27159438 DOI: 10.1037/a0040192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Research in the past decade has documented that financial exploitation of older adults has become a major problem, and psychology is only recently increasing its presence in efforts to reduce exploitation. During the same time period, psychology has been a leader in setting best practices for the assessment of diminished capacity in older adults culminating in the 2008 American Bar Association Commission on Law and Aging and American Psychological Association (ABA/APA) joint publication on a handbook for psychologists. Assessment of financial decision-making capacity is often the cornerstone assessment needed in cases of financial exploitation. This article will examine the intersection of financial exploitation and decision-making capacity and introduce a new conceptual model and new tools for both the investigation and prevention of financial exploitation. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Wood S, Lichtenberg PA. Financial Capacity and Financial Exploitation of Older Adults: Research Findings, Policy Recommendations and Clinical Implications. Clin Gerontol 2017; 40:3-13. [PMID: 28452630 PMCID: PMC5463983 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2016.1203382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Financial exploitation (FE) of older adults is a social issue that is beginning to receive the attention that it deserves in the mediathanks to some high profile cases, but empirical research and clinical guidelines on the topic are just emerging. OBJECTIVE Our review seeks to synthesize the current research in the area and develop a concentpual model. METHOD In this review, we describes the significance of the problem, proposes a theoretical model for conceptualizing FE, and summarizes related areas of research that may be useful to consider in the understanding of FE. RESULTS We identify key structural issues that have limited interventions in the past and make specific public policy recommendations in lightof the largest intergenerational transfer of wealth in history. CONCLUSIONS FE is a significant social problem, in this article we discuss implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Wood
- a Scripps College , Claremont , California , USA
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Teresi JA, Burnes D, Skowron EA, Dutton MA, Mosqueda L, Lachs MS, Pillemer K. State of the science on prevention of elder abuse and lessons learned from child abuse and domestic violence prevention: Toward a conceptual framework for research. J Elder Abuse Negl 2016; 28:263-300. [PMID: 27676289 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2016.1240053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this review is to discuss the state of the science in elder abuse prevention. Findings from evidence-based programs to reduce elder abuse are discussed, drawing from findings and insights from evidence-based programs for child maltreatment and domestic/intimate partner violence. A conceptual measurement model for the study of elder abuse is presented and linked to possible measures of risk factors and outcomes. Advances in neuroscience in child maltreatment and novel measurement strategies for outcome assessment are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne A Teresi
- a Columbia University Stroud Center , New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , New York , USA.,b Research Division , Hebrew Home at RiverSpring Health , Riverdale , New York , USA
| | - David Burnes
- c Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,d Baycrest Health Sciences , Rotman Research Institute , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Skowron
- e Department of Counseling Psychology & Human Services , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon , USA.,f Prevention Science Institute , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon , USA
| | - Mary Ann Dutton
- g Department of Psychiatry , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Laura Mosqueda
- h Family Medicine and Geriatrics and National Center on Elder Abuse, Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California , USA
| | - Mark S Lachs
- i Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , Cornell University , New York , New York , USA
| | - Karl Pillemer
- j Department of Human Development , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
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Spreng RN, Karlawish J, Marson DC. Cognitive, social, and neural determinants of diminished decision-making and financial exploitation risk in aging and dementia: A review and new model. J Elder Abuse Negl 2016; 28:320-344. [PMID: 27644698 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2016.1237918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article we will briefly review how changes in brain and in cognitive and social functioning, across the spectrum from normal to pathological aging, can lead to decision-making impairments that increase abuse risk in many life domains (e.g., health care, social engagement, financial management). The review will specifically focus on emerging research identifying neural, cognitive, and social markers of declining financial decision-making capacity in older adults. We will highlight how these findings are opening avenues for early detection and new interventions to reduce exploitation risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nathan Spreng
- a Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Human Neuroscience Institute, Department of Human Development , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York , USA
| | - Jason Karlawish
- b Center for Neuroscience and Society, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Center for Bioethics, Departments of Medicine and Medical Ethics , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Daniel C Marson
- c Department of Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
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Hamby S, Smith A, Mitchell K, Turner H. Poly-victimization and resilience portfolios: Trends in violence research that can enhance the understanding and prevention of elder abuse. J Elder Abuse Negl 2016; 28:217-234. [PMID: 27606781 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2016.1232182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This literature review assesses the current state of knowledge about elder abuse and mistreatment, focusing on the lack of incorporation of all forms of elder victimization and the benefits of a poly-victimization framework. This review also includes existing knowledge on risk factors and calls for a greater focus on protective factors and a greater inclusion on family and community factors. Future research, prevention, and intervention would benefit from considering the true burden of elder victimization and a greater implementation of strengths-based approaches to programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Hamby
- a Life Paths Appalachian Research Center and Department of Psychology , University of the South , Monteagle , Tennessee , USA
| | - Alli Smith
- a Life Paths Appalachian Research Center and Department of Psychology , University of the South , Monteagle , Tennessee , USA
| | - Kimberly Mitchell
- b Department of Psychology , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire , USA
| | - Heather Turner
- c Department of Sociology , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire , USA
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Abstract
This article estimates the prevalence and identifies risk factors of resident aggression and abuse in assisted living facilities. We conducted multivariate analyses of resident-level data from an analytic sample of 6,848 older Americans in the 2010 National Survey of Residential Care Facilities. Nationwide, 7.6% of assisted living residents engaged in physical aggression or abuse toward other residents or staff in the past month, 9.5% of residents had exhibited verbal aggression or abuse, and 2.0% of resident engaged in sexual aggression or abuse toward other residents or staff. Dementia and severe mental illness were significant risk factors for all three types of resident aggression and abuse. Resident aggression and abuse in assisted living facilities is prevalent and warrants greater attention from policy makers, researchers, and long-term care providers. Future research is needed to support training and prevention efforts to mitigate this risk.
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Lichtenberg PA, Ficker L, Rahman-Filipiak A, Tatro R, Farrell C, Speir JJ, Mall SJ, Simasko P, Collens HH, Jackman JD. The Lichtenberg Financial Decision Screening Scale (LFDSS): A new tool for assessing financial decision making and preventing financial exploitation. J Elder Abuse Negl 2016; 28:134-51. [PMID: 27010780 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2016.1168333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the challenges in preventing the financial exploitation of older adults is that neither criminal justice nor noncriminal justice professionals are equipped to detect capacity deficits. Because decision-making capacity is a cornerstone assessment in cases of financial exploitation, effective instruments for measuring this capacity are essential. We introduce a new screening scale for financial decision making that can be administered to older adults. To explore the scale's implementation and assess construct validity, we conducted a pilot study of 29 older adults seen by APS (Adult Protective Services) workers and 79 seen by other professionals. Case examples are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Lichtenberg
- a Institute of Gerontology , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan , USA.,b Department of Psychology , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan , USA
| | - Lisa Ficker
- a Institute of Gerontology , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan , USA
| | - Analise Rahman-Filipiak
- a Institute of Gerontology , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan , USA.,b Department of Psychology , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan , USA
| | - Ron Tatro
- c Center for Elder Rights Advocacy , Elder Law of Michigan , Lansing , Michigan , USA
| | - Cynthia Farrell
- d Aging and Adult Services, Adult Protective Services , State of Michigan Department of Health and Human Services , Lansing , Michigan , USA
| | - James J Speir
- e Speir Financial Services , Southfield , Michigan , USA
| | - Sanford J Mall
- f Mall, Malisow and Cooney, PC , Farmington Hills , Michigan , USA
| | - Patrick Simasko
- g Simasko and Simasko Law Firm , Mount Clemens , Michigan , USA
| | - Howard H Collens
- h Galloway and Collens, PLLC , Huntington Woods , Michigan , USA
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O'Neill G, Pruchno R. Toward the 2015 white house conference on aging: creating an aging policy vision for the decade ahead. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2015; 55:179-82. [PMID: 26035593 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnv013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Greg O'Neill
- Director, National Academy on an Aging Society, The Gerontological Society of AmericaEditor-in-Chief, The Gerontologist
| | - Rachel Pruchno
- Director, National Academy on an Aging Society, The Gerontological Society of AmericaEditor-in-Chief, The Gerontologist
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