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Zhao J, Wang Y, Feng C, Yin M, Gao Y, Wei L, Song C, Ai B, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zhu J, Li C. SCInter: A comprehensive single-cell transcriptome integration database for human and mouse. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:77-86. [PMID: 38125297 PMCID: PMC10731004 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), which profiles gene expression at the cellular level, has effectively explored cell heterogeneity and reconstructed developmental trajectories. With the increasing research on diseases and biological processes, scRNA-seq datasets are accumulating rapidly, highlighting the urgent need for collecting and processing these data to support comprehensive and effective annotation and analysis. Here, we have developed a comprehensive Single-Cell transcriptome integration database for human and mouse (SCInter, https://bio.liclab.net/SCInter/index.php), which aims to provide a manually curated database that supports the provision of gene expression profiles across various cell types at the sample level. The current version of SCInter includes 115 integrated datasets and 1016 samples, covering nearly 150 tissues/cell lines. It contains 8016,646 cell markers in 457 identified cell types. SCInter enabled comprehensive analysis of cataloged single-cell data encompassing quality control (QC), clustering, cell markers, multi-method cell type automatic annotation, predicting cell differentiation trajectories and so on. At the same time, SCInter provided a user-friendly interface to query, browse, analyze and visualize each integrated dataset and single cell sample, along with comprehensive QC reports and processing results. It will facilitate the identification of cell type in different cell subpopulations and explore developmental trajectories, enhancing the study of cell heterogeneity in the fields of immunology and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Yuezhu Wang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- School of Computer, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Mingxue Yin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chao Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- School of Computer, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Bo Ai
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- School of Computer, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Chunquan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- School of Computer, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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Zhang M, Wang X, Xu S, Ge F, Paixao IC, Song J, Yu DJ. MetalTrans: A Biological Language Model-Based Approach for Predicting Disease-Associated Mutations in Protein Metal-Binding Sites. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:6216-6229. [PMID: 39092854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The critical importance of accurately predicting mutations in protein metal-binding sites for advancing drug discovery and enhancing disease diagnostic processes cannot be overstated. In response to this imperative, MetalTrans emerges as an accurate predictor for disease-associated mutations in protein metal-binding sites. The core innovation of MetalTrans lies in its seamless integration of multifeature splicing with the Transformer framework, a strategy that ensures exhaustive feature extraction. Central to MetalTrans's effectiveness is its deep feature combination strategy, which merges evolutionary-scale modeling amino acid embeddings with ProtTrans embeddings, thus shedding light on the biochemical properties of proteins. Employing the Transformer component, MetalTrans leverages the self-attention mechanism to delve into higher-level representations. Utilizing mutation site information for feature fusion not only enriches the feature set but also sidesteps the common pitfall of overestimation linked to protein sequence-based predictions. This nuanced approach to feature fusion is a key differentiator, enabling MetalTrans to outperform existing methods significantly, as evidenced by comparative analyses. Our evaluations across varied metal binding site data sets (specifically Zn, Ca, Mg, and Mix) underscore MetalTrans's superior performance, which achieved the average AUC values of 0.971, 0.965, 0.980, and 0.945 on multiple 5-fold cross-validation, respectively. Remarkably, against the multichannel convolutional neural network method on a benchmark independent test set, MetalTrans demonstrated unparalleled robustness and superiority, boasting the AUC score of 0.998 on multiple 5-fold cross-validation. Our comprehensive examination of the predicted outcomes further confirms the effectiveness of the model. The source codes, data sets, and prediction results for MetalTrans can be accessed for academic usage at https://github.com/EduardWang/MetalTrans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- School of Computer, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 666 Changhui Road, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- School of Computer, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 666 Changhui Road, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Shanruo Xu
- Duke Kunshan University, Duke Avenue, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215316, China
| | - Fang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ian Costa Paixao
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Data Futures Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jiangning Song
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Data Futures Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dong-Jun Yu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China
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Støle TP, Lunde M, Gehmlich K, Christensen G, Louch WE, Carlson CR. Exploring Syndecan-4 and MLP and Their Interaction in Primary Cardiomyocytes and H9c2 Cells. Cells 2024; 13:947. [PMID: 38891079 PMCID: PMC11172336 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane proteoglycan syndecan-4 is known to be involved in the hypertrophic response to pressure overload. Although multiple downstream signaling pathways have been found to be involved in this response in a syndecan-4-dependent manner, there are likely more signaling components involved. As part of a larger syndecan-4 interactome screening, we have previously identified MLP as a binding partner to the cytoplasmic tail of syndecan-4. Interestingly, many human MLP mutations have been found in patients with hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). To gain deeper insight into the role of the syndecan-4-MLP interaction and its potential involvement in MLP-associated cardiomyopathy, we have here investigated the syndecan-4-MLP interaction in primary adult rat cardiomyocytes and the H9c2 cell line. The binding of syndecan-4 and MLP was analyzed in total lysates and subcellular fractions of primary adult rat cardiomyocytes, and baseline and differentiated H9c2 cells by immunoprecipitation. MLP and syndecan-4 localization were determined by confocal microscopy, and MLP oligomerization was determined by immunoblotting under native conditions. Syndecan-4-MLP binding, as well as MLP self-association, were also analyzed by ELISA and peptide arrays. Our results showed that MLP-WT and syndecan-4 co-localized in many subcellular compartments; however, their binding was only detected in nuclear-enriched fractions of isolated adult cardiomyocytes. In vitro, syndecan-4 bound to MLP at three sites, and this binding was reduced in some HCM-associated MLP mutations. While MLP and syndecan-4 also co-localized in many subcellular fractions of H9c2 cells, these proteins did not bind at baseline or after differentiation into cardiomyocyte-resembling cells. Independently of syndecan-4, mutated MLP proteins had an altered subcellular localization in H9c2 cells, compared to MLP-WT. The DCM- and HCM-associated MLP mutations, W4R, L44P, C58G, R64C, Y66C, K69R, G72R, and Q91L, affected the oligomerization of MLP with an increase in monomeric at the expense of trimeric and tetrameric recombinant MLP protein. Lastly, two crucial sites for MLP self-association were identified, which were reduced in most MLP mutations. Our data indicate that the syndecan-4-MLP interaction was present in nuclear-enriched fractions of isolated adult cardiomyocytes and that this interaction was disrupted by some HCM-associated MLP mutations. MLP mutations were also linked to changes in MLP oligomerization and self-association, which may be essential for its interaction with syndecan-4 and a critical molecular mechanism of MLP-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Parsberg Støle
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (M.L.); (G.C.); (W.E.L.); (C.R.C.)
| | - Marianne Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (M.L.); (G.C.); (W.E.L.); (C.R.C.)
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (M.L.); (G.C.); (W.E.L.); (C.R.C.)
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - William E. Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (M.L.); (G.C.); (W.E.L.); (C.R.C.)
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (M.L.); (G.C.); (W.E.L.); (C.R.C.)
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García-Hernández S, de la Higuera Romero L, Ochoa JP, McKenna WJ. Emerging Themes in Genetics of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Current Status and Clinical Application. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:742-753. [PMID: 38244984 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), defined clinically by the presence of unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), with wall thickness ≥ 1.5 cm, is a phenotype in search of a diagnosis, which is most often a genetically determined, cardiac exclusive, or systemic disorder. Familial evaluation and genetic testing are required for definitive diagnosis. The role of genetic findings in predicting development of disease, outcomes, and increasingly to guide management is evolving with access to larger data sets. The specific mutation and sex of the patient are important determinants that ultimately are likely to guide management. The genetic/familial evaluation is influenced by the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis and the extent/expertise of the genetic laboratory. Genetic testing in a patient with unexplained LVH without systemic manifestations will yield a definite/likely pathogenetic mutation in a sarcomere (30%-50%), regulatory/functional (10%-15%) or metabolic/syndromic (< 5%) gene associated with Mendelian inheritance. The importance of oligo- and polygenic determinants, usually in the absence of Mendelian inheritance, is under investigation with important implications, particularly related to familial evaluation and definition of risk of disease development in relatives of probands. The results of genetic testing are increasingly important in management strategies related to the use of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator for prevention of sudden death, use of myosin inhibitors for refractory symptoms in patients with and without outflow tract obstruction, and-on the immediate horizon-gene therapy. This review will focus on genetic and outcome data in sarcomeric HCM, and minor causative genes with robust evidence of their association will also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Pablo Ochoa
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculades (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Health in Code S.L., A Coruña, Spain
| | - William J McKenna
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Health in Code S.L., A Coruña, Spain.
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Chia SPS, Pang JKS, Soh BS. Current RNA strategies in treating cardiovascular diseases. Mol Ther 2024; 32:580-608. [PMID: 38291757 PMCID: PMC10928165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to impose a significant global health burden, necessitating the exploration of innovative treatment strategies. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based therapeutics have emerged as a promising avenue to address the complex molecular mechanisms underlying CVD pathogenesis. We present a comprehensive review of the current state of RNA therapeutics in the context of CVD, focusing on the diverse modalities that bring about transient or permanent modifications by targeting the different stages of the molecular biology central dogma. Considering the immense potential of RNA therapeutics, we have identified common gene targets that could serve as potential interventions for prevalent Mendelian CVD caused by single gene mutations, as well as acquired CVDs developed over time due to various factors. These gene targets offer opportunities to develop RNA-based treatments tailored to specific genetic and molecular pathways, presenting a novel and precise approach to address the complex pathogenesis of both types of cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with delivery strategies to achieve targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics to the cardiovascular system. This review highlights the immense potential of RNA-based interventions as a novel and precise approach to combat CVD, paving the way for future advancements in cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Pei Shan Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
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Jolfayi AG, Kohansal E, Ghasemi S, Naderi N, Hesami M, MozafaryBazargany M, Moghadam MH, Fazelifar AF, Maleki M, Kalayinia S. Exploring TTN variants as genetic insights into cardiomyopathy pathogenesis and potential emerging clues to molecular mechanisms in cardiomyopathies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5313. [PMID: 38438525 PMCID: PMC10912352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The giant protein titin (TTN) is a sarcomeric protein that forms the myofibrillar backbone for the components of the contractile machinery which plays a crucial role in muscle disorders and cardiomyopathies. Diagnosing TTN pathogenic variants has important implications for patient management and genetic counseling. Genetic testing for TTN variants can help identify individuals at risk for developing cardiomyopathies, allowing for early intervention and personalized treatment strategies. Furthermore, identifying TTN variants can inform prognosis and guide therapeutic decisions. Deciphering the intricate genotype-phenotype correlations between TTN variants and their pathologic traits in cardiomyopathies is imperative for gene-based diagnosis, risk assessment, and personalized clinical management. With the increasing use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), a high number of variants in the TTN gene have been detected in patients with cardiomyopathies. However, not all TTN variants detected in cardiomyopathy cohorts can be assumed to be disease-causing. The interpretation of TTN variants remains challenging due to high background population variation. This narrative review aimed to comprehensively summarize current evidence on TTN variants identified in published cardiomyopathy studies and determine which specific variants are likely pathogenic contributors to cardiomyopathy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghaffari Jolfayi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Kohansal
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Serwa Ghasemi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Naderi
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hesami
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hosseini Moghadam
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Farjam Fazelifar
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Kalayinia
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Vokač D, Stangler Herodež Š, Krgović D, Kokalj Vokač N. The Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in the Management of Patients with Suspected Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy after Syncope or Termination of Sudden Arrhythmic Death. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:72. [PMID: 38254962 PMCID: PMC10815304 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death are frequent in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy and can precede heart failure or additional symptoms where malignant cardiac arrhythmias are mostly the consequence of advanced cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Finding these subgroups and making an early diagnosis could be lifesaving. In our retrospective study, we are presenting arrhythmic types of frequent cardiomyopathies where an arrhythmogenic substrate is less well defined, as in ischemic or structural heart disease. In the period of 2 years, next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests along with standard clinical tests were performed in 208 patients (67 women and 141 men; mean age, 51.2 ± 19.4 years) without ischemic or an overt structural heart disease after syncope or aborted sudden cardiac death. Genetic variants were detected in 34.4% of the study population, with a significant proportion of pathogenic variants (P) (14.4%) and variants of unknown significance (VUS) (20%). Regardless of genotype, all patients were stratified according to clinical guidelines for aggressive treatment of sudden cardiac death with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The P variant identified by NGS serves for an accurate diagnosis and, thus, better prevention and specific treatment of patients and their relatives. Results in our study suggest that targeted sequencing of genes associated with cardiovascular disease is an important addendum for final diagnosis, allowing the identification of a molecular genetic cause in a vast proportion of patients for a definitive diagnosis and a more specific way of treatment. VUS in this target population poses a high risk and should be considered possibly pathogenic in reanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damijan Vokač
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Špela Stangler Herodež
- Clinical Institute for Genetic Diagnostics, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (Š.S.H.); (D.K.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Danijela Krgović
- Clinical Institute for Genetic Diagnostics, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (Š.S.H.); (D.K.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Nadja Kokalj Vokač
- Clinical Institute for Genetic Diagnostics, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (Š.S.H.); (D.K.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Ingles
- Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and UNSW Sydney, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Centre for Population Genomics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and UNSW Sydney, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Centre for Population Genomics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Burban A, Pucyło S, Sikora A, Opolski G, Grabowski M, Kołodzińska A. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy versus Storage Diseases with Myocardial Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13239. [PMID: 37686045 PMCID: PMC10488064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main causes of heart failure is cardiomyopathies. Among them, the most common is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), characterized by thickening of the left ventricular muscle. This article focuses on HCM and other cardiomyopathies with myocardial hypertrophy, including Fabry disease, Pompe disease, and Danon disease. The genetics and pathogenesis of these diseases are described, as well as current and experimental treatment options, such as pharmacological intervention and the potential of gene therapies. Although genetic approaches are promising and have the potential to become the best treatments for these diseases, further research is needed to evaluate their efficacy and safety. This article describes current knowledge and advances in the treatment of the aforementioned cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Burban
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 81 Żwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Pucyło
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Sikora
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcin Grabowski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Kołodzińska
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
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Noureddine M, Gehmlich K. Structural and signaling proteins in the Z-disk and their role in cardiomyopathies. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1143858. [PMID: 36935760 PMCID: PMC10017460 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1143858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The sarcomere is the smallest functional unit of muscle contraction. It is delineated by a protein-rich structure known as the Z-disk, alternating with M-bands. The Z-disk anchors the actin-rich thin filaments and plays a crucial role in maintaining the mechanical stability of the cardiac muscle. A multitude of proteins interact with each other at the Z-disk and they regulate the mechanical properties of the thin filaments. Over the past 2 decades, the role of the Z-disk in cardiac muscle contraction has been assessed widely, however, the impact of genetic variants in Z-disk proteins has still not been fully elucidated. This review discusses the various Z-disk proteins (alpha-actinin, filamin C, titin, muscle LIM protein, telethonin, myopalladin, nebulette, and nexilin) and Z-disk-associated proteins (desmin, and obscurin) and their role in cardiac structural stability and intracellular signaling. This review further explores how genetic variants of Z-disk proteins are linked to inherited cardiac conditions termed cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Noureddine
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Comparative Transcriptome Profiles of Human HaCaT Cells in Response to Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extracts Obtained Using Three Independent Methods by RNA Sequencing. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020423. [PMID: 36836780 PMCID: PMC9961609 DOI: 10.3390/life13020423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is widely used in herbal medicine. In this study, we developed a method for the large-scale production of GP cells using plant tissue culture techniques combined with bioreactors. Six metabolites (uridine, adenosine, guanosine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan) were identified in GP extracts. Transcriptome analyses of HaCaT cells treated with GP extracts using three independent methods were conducted. Most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GP-all condition (combination of three GP extracts) showed similar gene expression on treatment with the three individual GP extracts. The most significantly upregulated gene was LTBP1. Additionally, 125 and 51 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in response to the GP extracts. The upregulated genes were associated with the response to growth factors and heart development. Some of these genes encode components of elastic fibers and the extracellular matrix and are associated with many cancers. Genes related to folate biosynthesis and vitamin D metabolism were also upregulated. In contrast, many downregulated genes were associated with cell adhesion. Moreover, many DEGs were targeted to the synaptic and neuronal projections. Our study has revealed the functional mechanisms of GP extracts' anti-aging and photoprotective effects on the skin using RNA sequencing.
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12
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Wishard R, Jayaram M, Ramesh SR, Nongthomba U. Spatial and temporal requirement of Mlp60A isoforms during muscle development and function in Drosophila melanogaster. Exp Cell Res 2023; 422:113430. [PMID: 36423661 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many myofibrillar proteins undergo isoform switching in a spatio-temporal manner during muscle development. The biological significance of the variants of several of these myofibrillar proteins remains elusive. One such myofibrillar protein, the Muscle LIM Protein (MLP), is a vital component of the Z-discs. In this paper, we show that one of the Drosophila MLP encoding genes, Mlp60A, gives rise to two isoforms: a short (279 bp, 10 kDa) and a long (1461 bp, 54 kDa) one. The short isoform is expressed throughout development, but the long isoform is adult-specific, being the dominant of the two isoforms in the indirect flight muscles (IFMs). A concomitant, muscle-specific knockdown of both isoforms leads to partial developmental lethality, with most of the surviving flies being flight defective. A global loss of both isoforms in a Mlp60A-null background also leads to developmental lethality, with muscle defects in the individuals that survive to the third instar larval stage. This lethality could be rescued partially by a muscle-specific overexpression of the short isoform. Genetic perturbation of only the long isoform, through a P-element insertion in the long isoform-specific coding sequence, leads to defective flight, in around 90% of the flies. This phenotype was completely rescued when the P-element insertion was precisely excised from the locus. Hence, our data show that the two Mlp60A isoforms are functionally specialized: the short isoform being essential for normal embryonic muscle development and the long isoform being necessary for normal adult flight muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Wishard
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India.
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasgangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India
| | - Saraf R Ramesh
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasgangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India; Department of Life Sciences, Pooja Bhagvat Memorial Mahajana Education Center, K. R. S. Road, Mysuru, 570016, India
| | - Upendra Nongthomba
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India.
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13
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Yang Q, Berkman AM, Ezekian JE, Rosamilia M, Rosenfeld JA, Liu P, Landstrom AP. Determining the Likelihood of Disease Pathogenicity Among Incidentally Identified Genetic Variants in Rare Dilated Cardiomyopathy-Associated Genes. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025257. [PMID: 36129056 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.025257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background As utilization of clinical exome sequencing (ES) has expanded, criteria for evaluating the diagnostic weight of incidentally identified variants are critical to guide clinicians and researchers. This is particularly important in genes associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which can cause heart failure and sudden death. We sought to compare the frequency and distribution of incidentally identified variants in DCM-associated genes between a clinical referral cohort with those in control and known case cohorts to determine the likelihood of pathogenicity among those undergoing genetic testing for non-DCM indications. Methods and Results A total of 39 rare, non-TTN DCM-associated genes were identified and evaluated from a clinical ES testing referral cohort (n=14 005, Baylor Genetic Laboratories) and compared with a DCM case cohort (n=9442) as well as a control cohort of population variants (n=141 456) derived from the gnomAD database. Variant frequencies in each cohort were compared. Signal-to-noise ratios were calculated comparing the DCM and ES cohort with the gnomAD cohort. The likely pathogenic/pathogenic variant yield in the DCM cohort (8.2%) was significantly higher than in the ES cohort (1.9%). Based on signal-to-noise and correlation analysis, incidental variants found in FLNC, RBM20, MYH6, DSP, ABCC9, JPH2, and NEXN had the greatest chance of being DCM-associated. Conclusions The distribution of pathogenic variants between the ES cohort and the DCM case cohort was gene specific, and variants found in the ES cohort were similar to variants found in the control cohort. Incidentally identified variants in specific genes are more associated with DCM than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC.,Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Amy M Berkman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Jordan E Ezekian
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Michael Rosamilia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine and Baylor Genetics Laboratories Houston TX
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine and Baylor Genetics Laboratories Houston TX
| | - Andrew P Landstrom
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC.,Department of Cell Biology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
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14
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Wilde AAM, Semsarian C, Márquez MF, Shamloo AS, Ackerman MJ, Ashley EA, Sternick EB, Barajas-Martinez H, Behr ER, Bezzina CR, Breckpot J, Charron P, Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Gollob MH, Lubitz S, Makita N, Ohno S, Ortiz-Genga M, Sacilotto L, Schulze-Bahr E, Shimizu W, Sotoodehnia N, Tadros R, Ware JS, Winlaw DS, Kaufman ES. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the state of genetic testing for cardiac diseases. Europace 2022; 24:1307-1367. [PMID: 35373836 PMCID: PMC9435643 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A M Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische
Centra, Amsterdam, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute,
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Manlio F Márquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de
México, Mexico
- Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | | | - Michael J Ackerman
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine,
and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm
Services and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and
Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University,
Stanford, California, USA
| | - Eduardo Back Sternick
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Unit, Biocor Institute,
Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Héctor Barajas-Martinez
- Cardiovascular Research, Lankenau Institute of Medical
Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Elijah R Behr
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical
Sciences, St. George’s, University of London; St. George’s University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, London, UK; Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Department of Experimental
Cardiology, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Charron
- Sorbonne Université, APHP, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques
Héréditaires, ICAN, Inserm UMR1166, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin,
Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, San Luca Hospital,
Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan,
Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of
Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael H Gollob
- Inherited Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy Program, Division of Cardiology,
University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research
Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular
Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Martín Ortiz-Genga
- Clinical Department, Health in Code, A
Coruña, Spain; and Member of the Latin
American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP,
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao
Paulo, Brazil; and Member of the Latin
American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Eric Schulze-Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, University Hospital
Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon
Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of
Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart
Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal,
Canada
| | - James S Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical
Sciences, Imperial College London, London,
UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s
and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David S Winlaw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, University of
Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Kaufman
- Metrohealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
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15
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Wilde AAM, Semsarian C, Márquez MF, Sepehri Shamloo A, Ackerman MJ, Ashley EA, Sternick Eduardo B, Barajas‐Martinez H, Behr ER, Bezzina CR, Breckpot J, Charron P, Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Gollob MH, Lubitz S, Makita N, Ohno S, Ortiz‐Genga M, Sacilotto L, Schulze‐Bahr E, Shimizu W, Sotoodehnia N, Tadros R, Ware JS, Winlaw DS, Kaufman ES, Aiba T, Bollmann A, Choi J, Dalal A, Darrieux F, Giudicessi J, Guerchicoff M, Hong K, Krahn AD, Mac Intyre C, Mackall JA, Mont L, Napolitano C, Ochoa Juan P, Peichl P, Pereira AC, Schwartz PJ, Skinner J, Stellbrink C, Tfelt‐Hansen J, Deneke T. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the state of genetic testing for cardiac diseases. J Arrhythm 2022; 38:491-553. [PMID: 35936045 PMCID: PMC9347209 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A. M. Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische CentraAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Manlio F. Márquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio ChávezCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | - Michael J. Ackerman
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Euan A. Ashley
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | | | | | - Elijah R. Behr
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George’sUniversity of London; St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUKMayo Clinic HealthcareLondon
| | - Connie R. Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Department of Experimental CardiologyAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human GeneticsUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | | | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
- Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Michael H. Gollob
- Inherited Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy Program, Division of CardiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Steven Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia ServiceMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterResearch InstituteSuitaJapan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuitaJapan
| | | | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao PauloBrazil
| | - Eric Schulze‐Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart DiseasesUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineGraduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart InstituteUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
| | - James S. Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - David S. Winlaw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CentreUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA
| | | | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, SuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Department of ElectrophysiologyHeart Center Leipzig at University of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Leipzig Heart InstituteLeipzigGermany
| | - Jong‐Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam HospitalKorea University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Aarti Dalal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of CardiologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Francisco Darrieux
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - John Giudicessi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Circulatory Failure and the Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Mariana Guerchicoff
- Division of Pediatric Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Italian Hospital of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Andrew D. Krahn
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Ciorsti Mac Intyre
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Judith A. Mackall
- Center for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOHUSA
| | - Lluís Mont
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), MadridSpain
| | - Carlo Napolitano
- Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCSPaviaItaly
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Pablo Ochoa Juan
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), MadridSpain
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cariovasculares (CIBERCV), MadridSpain
| | - Petr Peichl
- Department of CardiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart InstituteUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Hipercol Brasil ProgramSão PauloBrazil
| | - Peter J. Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Jon Skinner
- Sydney Childrens Hospital NetworkUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care MedicineUniversity Hospital Campus Klinikum BielefeldBielefeldGermany
| | - Jacob Tfelt‐Hansen
- The Department of Cardiology, the Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshopitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Thomas Deneke
- Heart Center Bad NeustadtBad Neustadt a.d. SaaleGermany
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16
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Wilde AAM, Semsarian C, Márquez MF, Sepehri Shamloo A, Ackerman MJ, Ashley EA, Sternick EB, Barajas-Martinez H, Behr ER, Bezzina CR, Breckpot J, Charron P, Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Gollob MH, Lubitz S, Makita N, Ohno S, Ortiz-Genga M, Sacilotto L, Schulze-Bahr E, Shimizu W, Sotoodehnia N, Tadros R, Ware JS, Winlaw DS, Kaufman ES, Aiba T, Bollmann A, Choi JI, Dalal A, Darrieux F, Giudicessi J, Guerchicoff M, Hong K, Krahn AD, MacIntyre C, Mackall JA, Mont L, Napolitano C, Ochoa JP, Peichl P, Pereira AC, Schwartz PJ, Skinner J, Stellbrink C, Tfelt-Hansen J, Deneke T. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the State of Genetic Testing for Cardiac Diseases. Heart Rhythm 2022; 19:e1-e60. [PMID: 35390533 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A M Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Amsterdam, location AMC, The Netherlands.
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Manlio F Márquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS).
| | | | - Michael J Ackerman
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Back Sternick
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Unit, Biocor Institute, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | | | - Elijah R Behr
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George's, University of London; St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Charron
- Sorbonne Université, APHP, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, ICAN, Inserm UMR1166, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael H Gollob
- Inherited Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy Program, Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Martín Ortiz-Genga
- Clinical Department, Health in Code, A Coruña, Spain; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Eric Schulze-Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - James S Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David S Winlaw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Kaufman
- Metrohealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig Heart Digital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aarti Dalal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Francisco Darrieux
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John Giudicessi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Circulatory Failure and the Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mariana Guerchicoff
- Division of Pediatric Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Andrew D Krahn
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ciorsti MacIntyre
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Judith A Mackall
- Center for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lluís Mont
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo Napolitano
- Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Juan Pablo Ochoa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cariovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Petr Peichl
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; Hipercol Brasil Program, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Jon Skinner
- Sydney Childrens Hospital Network, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jacob Tfelt-Hansen
- The Department of Cardiology, the Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshopitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Deneke
- Heart Center Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt a.d. Saale, Germany
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17
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Ruppert M, Barta BA, Korkmaz-Icöz S, Loganathan S, Oláh A, Sayour AA, Benke K, Nagy D, Bálint T, Karck M, Schilling O, Merkely B, Radovits T, Szabó G. Sex similarities and differences in the reverse and anti-remodeling effect of pressure unloading therapy in a rat model of aortic banding and debanding. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H204-H222. [PMID: 35687503 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00654.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigating the effect of sex on pressure unloading therapy in a clinical scenario is limited by several non-standardized factors. Hence, we sought to study sex-related similarities and differences under laboratory conditions. METHODS Pressure overload was induced in male and female rats by aortic banding (AB) for 6 and 12 weeks. Age-matched sham operated animals served as controls. Pressure unloading was performed by aortic debanding at week 6. Different aspects of myocardial remodeling were characterized by echocardiography, pressure-volume analysis, histology, qRT-PCR and explorative proteomics. RESULTS Hypertrophy, increased fetal gene expression, interstitial fibrosis, and prolonged active relaxation were noted in the AB groups at week 6 in both sexes. However, decompensation of systolic function and further deterioration of diastolic function only occurred in male AB rats at week 12. AB induced similar proteomic alterations in both sexes at week 6, while characteristic differences were found at week 12. After debanding, regression of hypertrophy and recovery of diastolic function took place to a similar extent in both sexes. Nevertheless, fibrosis, transcription of β-to-α myosin-heavy chain ratio, and myocardial proteomic alterations were reduced to a greater degree in females compared to males. Debanding exposed anti-remodeling properties in both sexes, and prevented the functional decline in males. CONCLUSIONS Female sex is associated with greater reversibility of fibrosis, fetal gene expression, and proteomic alterations. Nevertheless, pressure unloading exposes a more pronounced anti-remodeling effect on the functional level in males, which is attributed to the more progressive functional deterioration in AB animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Ruppert
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Pest, Hungary
| | - Bálint András Barta
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University; Institute of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Budapest
| | - Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Attila Oláh
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Kalman Benke
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle
| | - Dávid Nagy
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Pest, Hungary
| | - Tímea Bálint
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Pest, Hungary
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle, Germany
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18
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Li J, Feng X, Wei X. Modeling hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:232. [PMID: 35659761 PMCID: PMC9166443 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02905-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the obstacles in studying the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the poor availability of myocardial tissue samples at the early stages of disease development. This has been addressed by the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which allow us to differentiate patient-derived iPSCs into cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) in vitro. In this review, we summarize different approaches to establishing iPSC models and the application of genome editing techniques in iPSC. Because iPSC-CMs cultured at the present stage are immature in structure and function, researchers have attempted several methods to mature iPSC-CMs, such as prolonged culture duration, and mechanical and electrical stimulation. Currently, many researchers have established iPSC-CM models of HCM and employed diverse methods for performing measurements of cellular morphology, contractility, electrophysiological property, calcium handling, mitochondrial function, and metabolism. Here, we review published results in humans to date within the growing field of iPSC-CM models of HCM. Although there is no unified consensus, preliminary results suggest that this approach to modeling disease would provide important insights into our understanding of HCM pathogenesis and facilitate drug development and safety testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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19
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Riaz M, Park J, Sewanan LR, Ren Y, Schwan J, Das SK, Pomianowski PT, Huang Y, Ellis MW, Luo J, Liu J, Song L, Chen IP, Qiu C, Yazawa M, Tellides G, Hwa J, Young LH, Yang L, Marboe CC, Jacoby DL, Campbell SG, Qyang Y. Muscle LIM Protein Force-Sensing Mediates Sarcomeric Biomechanical Signaling in Human Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2022; 145:1238-1253. [PMID: 35384713 PMCID: PMC9109819 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.056265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease and is typically caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins that regulate cardiac contractility. HCM manifestations include left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, arrythmias, and sudden cardiac death. How dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological remodeling remains poorly understood in HCM, thereby inhibiting the efficient development of new therapeutics. METHODS Our discovery was based on insights from a severe phenotype of an individual with HCM and a second genetic alteration in a sarcomeric mechanosensing protein. We derived cardiomyocytes from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells and developed robust engineered heart tissues by seeding induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes into a laser-cut scaffold possessing native cardiac fiber alignment to study human cardiac mechanobiology at both the cellular and tissue levels. Coupled with computational modeling for muscle contraction and rescue of disease phenotype by gene editing and pharmacological interventions, we have identified a new mechanotransduction pathway in HCM, shown to be essential in modulating the phenotypic expression of HCM in 5 families bearing distinct sarcomeric mutations. RESULTS Enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation caused by sarcomeric mutations in cardiac myosin heavy chain (MYH7) led to increased force generation, which, when coupled with slower twitch relaxation, destabilized the MLP (muscle LIM protein) stretch-sensing complex at the Z-disc. Subsequent reduction in the sarcomeric muscle LIM protein level caused disinhibition of calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-cells signaling, which promoted cardiac hypertrophy. We demonstrate that the common muscle LIM protein-W4R variant is an important modifier, exacerbating the phenotypic expression of HCM, but alone may not be a disease-causing mutation. By mitigating enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation through either genetic or pharmacological means, we alleviated stress at the Z-disc, preventing the development of hypertrophy associated with sarcomeric mutations. CONCLUSIONS Our studies have uncovered a novel biomechanical mechanism through which dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological signaling, remodeling, and hypertrophic responses. Together, these establish the foundation for developing innovative mechanism-based treatments for HCM that stabilize the Z-disc MLP-mechanosensory complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lorenzo R. Sewanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongming Ren
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Subhash K. Das
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew W. Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Juli Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Loujin Song
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Masayuki Yazawa
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Young
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Charles C. Marboe
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel L. Jacoby
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stuart G. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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20
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LIM domain-wide comprehensive virtual mutagenesis provides structural rationale for cardiomyopathy mutations in CSRP3. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3562. [PMID: 35241752 PMCID: PMC8894373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are a severe and chronic cardiovascular burden worldwide, affecting a large cohort in the general population. Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 (CSRP3) is one of key proteins implicated in dominant dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In this study, we device a rapid in silico screening protocol that creates a mutational landscape map for all possible allowed and disallowed substitutions in the protein of interest. This map provides the structural and functional insights on the stability of LIM domains of CSRP3. Further, the sequence analysis delineates the eukaryotic CSRP3 protein orthologs which complements the mutational map, but provide limited information of amino acid exchanges. Next, we also evaluated the effect of HCM/DCM mutations on these domains. One of highly destabilising mutations—L44P (also disease causing) and a neutral mutation—L44M were further subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results establish that L44P substitution affects the LIM domain structure by altering secondary structure and due to loss of hydrophobic interaction with Phenylananine 35. The present study provides a useful perspective to our understanding of the role of mutations in the CSRP3 LIM domains and their evolution. This study provides a novel computational screening method for quick identification of key mutation sites for specific protein structures that can reduce the burden on experimental research.
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21
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Minor hypertrophic cardiomyopathy genes, major insights into the genetics of cardiomyopathies. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:151-167. [PMID: 34526680 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was traditionally described as an autosomal dominant Mendelian disease but is now increasingly recognized as having a complex genetic aetiology. Although eight core genes encoding sarcomeric proteins account for >90% of the pathogenic variants in patients with HCM, variants in several additional genes (ACTN2, ALPK3, CSRP3, FHOD3, FLNC, JPH2, KLHL24, PLN and TRIM63), encoding non-sarcomeric proteins with diverse functions, have been shown to be disease-causing in a small number of patients. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous loci in cardiomyopathy case-control studies and biobank investigations of left ventricular functional traits. Genes associated with Mendelian cardiomyopathy are enriched in the putative causal gene lists at these loci. Intriguingly, many loci are associated with both HCM and dilated cardiomyopathy but with opposite directions of effect on left ventricular traits, highlighting a genetic basis underlying the contrasting pathophysiological effects observed in each condition. This overlap extends to rare Mendelian variants with distinct variant classes in several genes associated with HCM and dilated cardiomyopathy. In this Review, we appraise the complex contribution of the non-sarcomeric, HCM-associated genes to cardiomyopathies across a range of variant classes (from common non-coding variants of individually low effect size to complete gene knockouts), which provides insights into the genetic basis of cardiomyopathies, causal genes at GWAS loci and the application of clinical genetic testing.
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22
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Fan L, Yin P, Xu Z. The genetic basis of sudden death in young people - Cardiac and non-cardiac. Gene 2022; 810:146067. [PMID: 34843881 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Sudden death is one of the major causes of death in young adults. Sudden death could be a result from both genetic and environmental or acquired factors. Understanding the genetic etiology is crucial to prevent preventable sudden death for those who are not aware of their genetic condition. In fact, the spectrum of causes of sudden death is complex and varied. In this study, we reviewed the genes that are associated with multiple causes of sudden death in terms of both sudden cardiac death and sudden noncardiac death. A summary of genetic risk factors of the major causes of genetic relevant sudden death is also provided. We believe this review could benefit the researchers who are interested in sudden death genetic studies or the young people who are concerning about their own risk on sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zuojun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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23
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Bang ML, Bogomolovas J, Chen J. Understanding the molecular basis of cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H181-H233. [PMID: 34797172 PMCID: PMC8759964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00562.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and can be caused by mutations in a wide range of proteins located in different cellular compartments. The present review is based on Dr. Ju Chen's 2021 Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the American Physiological Society Cardiovascular Section, in which he provided an overview of the current knowledge on the cardiomyopathy-associated proteins that have been studied in his laboratory. The review provides a general summary of the proteins in different compartments of cardiomyocytes associated with cardiomyopathies, with specific focus on the proteins that have been studied in Dr. Chen's laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ju Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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24
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Maderazo D, Flegg JA, Algama M, Ramialison M, Keith J. Detection and identification of cis-regulatory elements using change-point and classification algorithms. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:78. [PMID: 35078412 PMCID: PMC8790847 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptional regulation is primarily mediated by the binding of factors to non-coding regions in DNA. Identification of these binding regions enhances understanding of tissue formation and potentially facilitates the development of gene therapies. However, successful identification of binding regions is made difficult by the lack of a universal biological code for their characterisation. RESULTS We extend an alignment-based method, changept, and identify clusters of biological significance, through ontology and de novo motif analysis. Further, we apply a Bayesian method to estimate and combine binary classifiers on the clusters we identify to produce a better performing composite. CONCLUSIONS The analysis we describe provides a computational method for identification of conserved binding sites in the human genome and facilitates an alternative interrogation of combinations of existing data sets with alignment data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Maderazo
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jennifer A Flegg
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Manjula Algama
- School of Mathematics, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Mirana Ramialison
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan Keith
- School of Mathematics, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, VIC, Australia
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25
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Codden CJ, Chin MT. Common and Distinctive Intercellular Communication Patterns in Human Obstructive and Nonobstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:946. [PMID: 35055131 PMCID: PMC8780670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited disorder characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy with or without left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. Single-nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) of both obstructive and nonobstructive HCM patient samples has revealed alterations in communication between various cell types, but no direct and integrated comparison between the two HCM phenotypes has been reported. We performed a bioinformatic analysis of HCM snRNA-seq datasets from obstructive and nonobstructive patient samples to identify differentially expressed genes and distinctive patterns of intercellular communication. Differential gene expression analysis revealed 37 differentially expressed genes, predominantly in cardiomyocytes but also in other cell types, relevant to aging, muscle contraction, cell motility, and the extracellular matrix. Intercellular communication was generally reduced in HCM, affecting the extracellular matrix, growth factor binding, integrin binding, PDGF binding, and SMAD binding, but with increases in adenylate cyclase binding, calcium channel inhibitor activity, and serine-threonine kinase activity in nonobstructive HCM. Increases in neuron to leukocyte and dendritic cell communication, in fibroblast to leukocyte and dendritic cell communication, and in endothelial cell communication to other cell types, largely through changes in the expression of integrin-β1 and its cognate ligands, were also noted. These findings indicate both common and distinct physiological mechanisms affecting the pathogenesis of obstructive and nonobstructive HCM and provide opportunities for the personalized management of different HCM phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J. Codden
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Michael T. Chin
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
- Tufts Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center and Research Institute, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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26
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Vriz O, AlSergani H, Elshaer AN, Shaik A, Mushtaq AH, Lioncino M, Alamro B, Monda E, Caiazza M, Mauro C, Bossone E, Al-Hassnan ZN, Albert-Brotons D, Limongelli G. A complex unit for a complex disease: the HCM-Family Unit. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2021; 92. [PMID: 34964577 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.2147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a group of heterogeneous disorders that are most commonly passed on in a heritable manner. It is a relatively rare disease around the globe, but due to increased rates of consanguinity within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, we speculate a high incidence of undiagnosed cases. The aim of this paper is to elucidate a systematic approach in dealing with HCM patients and since HCM has variable presentation, we have summarized differentials for diagnosis and how different subtypes and genes can have an impact on the clinical picture, management and prognosis. Moreover, we propose a referral multi-disciplinary team HCM-Family Unit in Saudi Arabia and an integrated role in a network between King Faisal Hospital and Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit-Monaldi Hospital, Italy (among the 24 excellence centers of the European Reference Network (ERN) GUARD-Heart). Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vriz
- Department of Cardiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh.
| | - Hani AlSergani
- Department of Cardiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh.
| | | | | | | | - Michele Lioncino
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", AORN dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples.
| | - Bandar Alamro
- Department of Cardiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh.
| | - Emanuele Monda
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", AORN dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples.
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", AORN dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples.
| | - Ciro Mauro
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples.
| | | | - Zuhair N Al-Hassnan
- Cardiovascular Genetics Program and Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh.
| | - Dimpna Albert-Brotons
- Department of Cardiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh.
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", AORN dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples.
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27
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Marciano CMM, Ibelli AMG, Marchesi JAP, de Oliveira Peixoto J, Fernandes LT, Savoldi IR, do Carmo KB, Ledur MC. Differential Expression of Myogenic and Calcium Signaling-Related Genes in Broilers Affected With White Striping. Front Physiol 2021; 12:712464. [PMID: 34381378 PMCID: PMC8349984 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.712464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
White Striping (WS) has been one of the main issues in poultry production in the last years since it affects meat quality. Studies have been conducted to understand WS and other myopathies in chickens, and some biological pathways have been associated to the prevalence of these conditions, such as extracellular calcium level, oxidative stress, localized hypoxia, possible fiber-type switching, and cellular repairing. Therefore, to understand the genetic mechanisms involved in WS, 15 functional candidate genes were chosen to be analyzed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in breast muscle of normal and WS-affected chickens. To this, the pectoral major muscle (PMM) of 16 normal and 16 WS-affected broilers were collected at 42 days of age and submitted to qRT-PCR analysis. Out of the 15 genes studied, six were differentially expressed between groups. The CA2, CSRP3, and PLIN1 were upregulated, while CALM2, DNASE1L3, and MYLK2 genes were downregulated in the WS-affected when compared to the normal broilers. These findings highlight that the disruption on muscle and calcium signaling pathways can possibly be triggering WS in chickens. Improving our understanding on the genetic basis involved with this myopathy might contribute for reducing WS in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Mércia Guaratini Ibelli
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil
| | | | - Jane de Oliveira Peixoto
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Ricardo Savoldi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC-Oeste), Chapecó, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Corrêa Ledur
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC-Oeste), Chapecó, Brazil.,Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, Brazil
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28
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Kim KH, Pereira NL. Genetics of Cardiomyopathy: Clinical and Mechanistic Implications for Heart Failure. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:797-836. [PMID: 34327881 PMCID: PMC8484993 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic cardiomyopathies are an important cause of sudden cardiac death across all age groups. Genetic testing in heart failure clinics is useful for family screening and providing individual prognostic insight. Obtaining a family history of at least three generations, including the creation of a pedigree, is recommended for all patients with primary cardiomyopathy. Additionally, when appropriate, consultation with a genetic counsellor can aid in the success of a genetic evaluation. Clinical screening should be performed on all first-degree relatives of patients with genetic cardiomyopathy. Genetics has played an important role in the understanding of different cardiomyopathies, and the field of heart failure (HF) genetics is progressing rapidly. Much research has also focused on distinguishing markers of risk in patients with cardiomyopathy using genetic testing. While these efforts currently remain incomplete, new genomic technologies and analytical strategies provide promising opportunities to further explore the genetic architecture of cardiomyopathies, afford insight into the early manifestations of cardiomyopathy, and help define the molecular pathophysiological basis for cardiac remodeling. Cardiovascular physicians should be fully aware of the utility and potential pitfalls of incorporating genetic test results into pre-emptive treatment strategies for patients in the preliminary stages of HF. Future work will need to be directed towards elucidating the biological mechanisms of both rare and common gene variants and environmental determinants of plasticity in the genotype-phenotype relationship. This future research should aim to further our ability to identify, diagnose, and treat disorders that cause HF and sudden cardiac death in young patients, as well as prioritize improving our ability to stratify the risk for these patients prior to the onset of the more severe consequences of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Incheon Sejong General Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Naveen L Pereira
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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29
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Integrated proteomic and transcriptomic profiling identifies aberrant gene and protein expression in the sarcomere, mitochondrial complex I, and the extracellular matrix in Warmblood horses with myofibrillar myopathy. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:438. [PMID: 34112090 PMCID: PMC8194174 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myofibrillar myopathy in humans causes protein aggregation, degeneration, and weakness of skeletal muscle. In horses, myofibrillar myopathy is a late-onset disease of unknown origin characterized by poor performance, atrophy, myofibrillar disarray, and desmin aggregation in skeletal muscle. This study evaluated molecular and ultrastructural signatures of myofibrillar myopathy in Warmblood horses through gluteal muscle tandem-mass-tag quantitative proteomics (5 affected, 4 control), mRNA-sequencing (8 affected, 8 control), amalgamated gene ontology analyses, and immunofluorescent and electron microscopy. Results We identified 93/1533 proteins and 47/27,690 genes that were significantly differentially expressed. The top significantly differentially expressed protein CSRP3 and three other differentially expressed proteins, including, PDLIM3, SYNPO2, and SYNPOL2, are integrally involved in Z-disc signaling, gene transcription and subsequently sarcomere integrity. Through immunofluorescent staining, both desmin aggregates and CSRP3 were localized to type 2A fibers. The highest differentially expressed gene CHAC1, whose protein product degrades glutathione, is associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. Amalgamated transcriptomic and proteomic gene ontology analyses identified 3 enriched cellular locations; the sarcomere (Z-disc & I-band), mitochondrial complex I and the extracellular matrix which corresponded to ultrastructural Z-disc disruption and mitochondrial cristae alterations found with electron microscopy. Conclusions A combined proteomic and transcriptomic analysis highlighted three enriched cellular locations that correspond with MFM ultrastructural pathology in Warmblood horses. Aberrant Z-disc mechano-signaling, impaired Z-disc stability, decreased mitochondrial complex I expression, and a pro-oxidative cellular environment are hypothesized to contribute to the development of myofibrillar myopathy in Warmblood horses. These molecular signatures may provide further insight into diagnostic biomarkers, treatments, and the underlying pathophysiology of MFM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07758-0.
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30
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Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease of the myocardium characterized by a hypertrophic left ventricle with a preserved or increased ejection fraction. Cardiac hypertrophy is often asymmetrical, which is associated with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Myocyte hypertrophy, disarray, and myocardial fibrosis constitute the histological features of HCM. HCM is a relatively benign disease but an important cause of sudden cardiac death in the young and heart failure in the elderly. Pathogenic variants (PVs) in genes encoding protein constituents of the sarcomeres are the main causes of HCM. PVs exhibit a gradient of effect sizes, as reflected in their penetrance and variable phenotypic expression of HCM. MYH7 and MYBPC3, encoding β-myosin heavy chain and myosin binding protein C, respectively, are the two most common causal genes and responsible for ≈40% of all HCM cases but a higher percentage of HCM in large families. PVs in genes encoding protein components of the thin filaments are responsible for ≈5% of the HCM cases. Whereas pathogenicity of the genetic variants in large families has been firmly established, ascertainment causality of the PVs in small families and sporadic cases is challenging. In the latter category, PVs are best considered as probabilistic determinants of HCM. Deciphering the genetic basis of HCM has enabled routine genetic testing and has partially elucidated the underpinning mechanism of HCM as increased number of the myosin molecules that are strongly bound to actin. The discoveries have led to the development of mavacamten that targets binding of the myosin molecule to actin filaments and imparts beneficial clinical effects. In the coming years, the yield of the genetic testing is expected to be improved and the so-called missing causal gene be identified. The advances are also expected to enable development of additional specific therapies and editing of the mutations in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston
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31
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Stege NM, de Boer RA, van den Berg MP, Silljé HHW. The Time Has Come to Explore Plasma Biomarkers in Genetic Cardiomyopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2955. [PMID: 33799487 PMCID: PMC7998409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), screening for pathogenic variants has become standard clinical practice. Genetic cascade screening also allows the identification of relatives that carry the same mutation as the proband, but disease onset and severity in mutation carriers often remains uncertain. Early detection of disease onset may allow timely treatment before irreversible changes are present. Although plasma biomarkers may aid in the prediction of disease onset, monitoring relies predominantly on identifying early clinical symptoms, on imaging techniques like echocardiography (Echo) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), and on (ambulatory) electrocardiography (electrocardiograms (ECGs)). In contrast to most other cardiac diseases, which are explained by a combination of risk factors and comorbidities, genetic cardiomyopathies have a clear primary genetically defined cardiac background. Cardiomyopathy cohorts could therefore have excellent value in biomarker studies and in distinguishing biomarkers related to the primary cardiac disease from those related to extracardiac, secondary organ dysfunction. Despite this advantage, biomarker investigations in cardiomyopathies are still limited, most likely due to the limited number of carriers in the past. Here, we discuss not only the potential use of established plasma biomarkers, including natriuretic peptides and troponins, but also the use of novel biomarkers, such as cardiac autoantibodies in genetic cardiomyopathy, and discuss how we can gauge biomarker studies in cardiomyopathy cohorts for heart failure at large.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Herman H. W. Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, AB43, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (N.M.S.); (R.A.d.B.); (M.P.v.d.B.)
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32
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Jiang H, Hooper C, Kelly M, Steeples V, Simon JN, Beglov J, Azad AJ, Leinhos L, Bennett P, Ehler E, Kalisch-Smith JI, Sparrow DB, Fischer R, Heilig R, Isackson H, Ehsan M, Patone G, Huebner N, Davies B, Watkins H, Gehmlich K. Functional analysis of a gene-edited mouse model to gain insights into the disease mechanisms of a titin missense variant. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:14. [PMID: 33637999 PMCID: PMC7910237 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Titin truncating variants are a well-established cause of cardiomyopathy; however, the role of titin missense variants is less well understood. Here we describe the generation of a mouse model to investigate the underlying disease mechanism of a previously reported titin A178D missense variant identified in a family with non-compaction and dilated cardiomyopathy. Heterozygous and homozygous mice carrying the titin A178D missense variant were characterised in vivo by echocardiography. Heterozygous mice had no detectable phenotype at any time point investigated (up to 1 year). By contrast, homozygous mice developed dilated cardiomyopathy from 3 months. Chronic adrenergic stimulation aggravated the phenotype. Targeted transcript profiling revealed induction of the foetal gene programme and hypertrophic signalling pathways in homozygous mice, and these were confirmed at the protein level. Unsupervised proteomics identified downregulation of telethonin and four-and-a-half LIM domain 2, as well as the upregulation of heat shock proteins and myeloid leukaemia factor 1. Loss of telethonin from the cardiac Z-disc was accompanied by proteasomal degradation; however, unfolded telethonin accumulated in the cytoplasm, leading to a proteo-toxic response in the mice.We show that the titin A178D missense variant is pathogenic in homozygous mice, resulting in cardiomyopathy. We also provide evidence of the disease mechanism: because the titin A178D variant abolishes binding of telethonin, this leads to its abnormal cytoplasmic accumulation. Subsequent degradation of telethonin by the proteasome results in proteasomal overload, and activation of a proteo-toxic response. The latter appears to be a driving factor for the cardiomyopathy observed in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Charlotte Hooper
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Matthew Kelly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Violetta Steeples
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jillian N Simon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Julia Beglov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Amar J Azad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Lisa Leinhos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Pauline Bennett
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Elisabeth Ehler
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | | | - Duncan B Sparrow
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henrik Isackson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Integrative Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mehroz Ehsan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Giannino Patone
- Max Delbrueck Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Huebner
- Max Delbrueck Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Davies
- Transgenic Core, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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33
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Mulder RH, Neumann A, Cecil CAM, Walton E, Houtepen LC, Simpkin AJ, Rijlaarsdam J, Heijmans BT, Gaunt TR, Felix JF, Jaddoe VWV, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Tiemeier H, Relton CL, van IJzendoorn MH, Suderman M. Epigenome-wide change and variation in DNA methylation in childhood: trajectories from birth to late adolescence. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:119-134. [PMID: 33450751 PMCID: PMC8033147 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) is known to play a pivotal role in childhood health and development, but a comprehensive characterization of genome-wide DNAm trajectories across this age period is currently lacking. We have therefore performed a series of epigenome-wide association studies in 5019 blood samples collected at multiple time-points from birth to late adolescence from 2348 participants of two large independent cohorts. DNAm profiles of autosomal CpG sites (CpGs) were generated using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Change over time was widespread, observed at over one-half (53%) of CpGs. In most cases, DNAm was decreasing (36% of CpGs). Inter-individual variation in linear trajectories was similarly widespread (27% of CpGs). Evidence for non-linear change and inter-individual variation in non-linear trajectories was somewhat less common (11 and 8% of CpGs, respectively). Very little inter-individual variation in change was explained by sex differences (0.4% of CpGs) even though sex-specific DNAm was observed at 5% of CpGs. DNAm trajectories were distributed non-randomly across the genome. For example, CpGs with decreasing DNAm were enriched in gene bodies and enhancers and were annotated to genes enriched in immune-developmental functions. In contrast, CpGs with increasing DNAm were enriched in promoter regions and annotated to genes enriched in neurodevelopmental functions. These findings depict a methylome undergoing widespread and often non-linear change throughout childhood. They support a developmental role for DNA methylation that extends beyond birth into late adolescence and has implications for understanding life-long health and disease. DNAm trajectories can be visualized at http://epidelta.mrcieu.ac.uk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa H Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Charlotte A M Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Esther Walton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Lotte C Houtepen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew J Simpkin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jolien Rijlaarsdam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Janine F Felix
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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34
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Wette SG, Birch NP, Soop M, Zügel M, Murphy RM, Lamb GD, Smith HK. Expression of titin-linked putative mechanosensing proteins in skeletal muscle after power resistance exercise in resistance-trained men. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 130:545-561. [PMID: 33356984 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00711.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular responses to power resistance exercise that lead to skeletal muscle remodeling and enhanced athletic performance. We assessed the expression of titin-linked putative mechanosensing proteins implicated in muscle remodeling: muscle ankyrin repeat proteins (Ankrd 1, Ankrd 2, and Ankrd 23), muscle-LIM proteins (MLPs), muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF-1), and associated myogenic proteins (MyoD1, myogenin, and myostatin) in skeletal muscle in response to power resistance exercise with or without a postexercise meal, in fed, resistance-trained men. A muscle sample was obtained from the vastus lateralis of seven healthy men on separate days, 3 h after 90 min of rest (Rest) or power resistance exercise with (Ex + Meal) or without (Ex) a postexercise meal to quantify mRNA and protein levels. The levels of phosphorylated HSP27 (pHSP27-Ser15) and cytoskeletal proteins in muscle and creatine kinase activity in serum were also assessed. The exercise increased (P ≤ 0.05) pHSP27-Ser15 (∼6-fold) and creatine kinase (∼50%), whereas cytoskeletal protein levels were unchanged (P > 0.05). Ankrd 1 (∼15-fold) and MLP (∼2-fold) mRNA increased, whereas Ankrd 2, Ankrd 23, MuRF-1, MyoD1, and myostatin mRNA were unchanged. Ankrd 1 (∼3-fold, Ex) and MLPb (∼20-fold, Ex + Meal) protein increased, but MLPa, Ankrd 2, Ankrd 23, and the myogenic proteins were unchanged. The postexercise meal did not affect the responses observed. Power resistance exercise, as performed in practice, induced subtle early responses in the expression of MLP and Ankrd 1 yet had little effect on the other proteins investigated. These findings suggest possible roles for MLP and Ankrd 1 in the remodeling of skeletal muscle in individuals who regularly perform this type of exercise.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to assess the early changes in the expression of titin-linked putative mechanosensing proteins and associated myogenic regulatory factors in skeletal muscle after power resistance exercise in fed, resistance-trained men. We report that power resistance exercise induces subtle early responses in the expression of Ankrd 1 and MLP, suggesting these proteins play a role in the remodeling of skeletal muscle in individuals who regularly perform this type of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G Wette
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel P Birch
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mattias Soop
- Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Zügel
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robyn M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham D Lamb
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heather K Smith
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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35
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Olie CS, van der Wal E, Cikes D, Maton L, de Greef JC, Lin IH, Chen YF, Kareem E, Penninger JM, Kessler BM, Raz V. Cytoskeletal disorganization underlies PABPN1-mediated myogenic disability. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17621. [PMID: 33077830 PMCID: PMC7572364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting and atrophy are regulated by multiple molecular processes, including mRNA processing. Reduced levels of the polyadenylation binding protein nucleus 1 (PABPN1), a multifactorial regulator of mRNA processing, cause muscle atrophy. A proteomic study in muscles with reduced PABPN1 levels suggested dysregulation of sarcomeric and cytoskeletal proteins. Here we investigated the hypothesis that reduced PABPN1 levels lead to an aberrant organization of the cytoskeleton. MURC, a plasma membrane-associated protein, was found to be more abundant in muscles with reduced PABPN1 levels, and it was found to be expressed at regions showing regeneration. A polarized cytoskeletal organization is typical for muscle cells, but muscle cells with reduced PABPN1 levels (named as shPAB) were characterized by a disorganized cytoskeleton that lacked polarization. Moreover, cell mechanical features and myogenic differentiation were significantly reduced in shPAB cells. Importantly, restoring cytoskeletal stability, by actin overexpression, was beneficial for myogenesis, expression of sarcomeric proteins and proper localization of MURC in shPAB cell cultures and in shPAB muscle bundle. We suggest that poor cytoskeletal mechanical features are caused by altered expression levels of cytoskeletal proteins and contribute to muscle wasting and atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik van der Wal
- Human Genetics Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Domagoj Cikes
- IMBA-Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Loes Maton
- Human Genetics Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica C de Greef
- Human Genetics Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - I-Hsuan Lin
- VYM Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Elsayad Kareem
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA-Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield, Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vered Raz
- Human Genetics Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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The p.(Cys150Tyr) variant in CSRP3 is associated with late-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in heterozygous individuals. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104079. [PMID: 33035702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Up to 50% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) show no disease-causing variants in genetic studies. Mutations in CSRP3 have been associated with HCM, but evidence supporting pathogenicity is inconclusive. In this study, we describe an HCM cohort with a missense variant in CSRP3 (p.Cys150Tyr) with supporting evidence for pathogenicity and a description of the associated phenotype. METHODS CSRP3 was sequenced in 6456 index cases with a diagnosis of HCM and in 5012 probands with other cardiomyopathies. In addition, 3372 index cases with hereditary cardiovascular disorders other than cardiomyopathies (mainly channelopathies and aortopathies) were used as controls. RESULTS The p.(Cys150Tyr) variant was identified in 11 unrelated individuals of the 6456 HCM probands, and it was not identified in patients with other cardiomyopathies (p < 0.0001) or in our control population (p < 0.0001). Ten of the index cases were heterozygous and one was homozygous. Homozygous had a more severe phenotype. Family screening identified 17 other carriers. Wild-type individuals showed no signs of disease. The mean age at diagnosis of affected individuals was 55 ± 13 years, and the mean left ventricular wall thickness was 18 ± 3 mm. The variant showed highly age-dependent penetrance. After a mean follow-up of 11 (±8) years, no adverse events were reported in any of the HCM patients. CONCLUSIONS The p.(Cys150Tyr) variant in CSRP3 causes late-onset and low risk form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in heterozygous carriers.
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37
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Qiu Y, Li K, Zhao X, Liu S, Wang L, Yang X, Jiang Z. Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1682. [PMID: 32957692 PMCID: PMC7552782 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of fermented diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and growth of longissimus thoracis (LT) of finishing pigs. A total of 48 finishing pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Large White), male, 126 ± 5-d-old] weighing 98.76 ± 1.27 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments (eight pens per treatment and three pigs per pen) for a 28-d feeding trial, including control diet and fermented diet. Fermented diet significantly increased the loin eye area and lean mass percentage, decreased backfat thickness and improved meat quality of LT by decreasing the shear force and drip loss at 48 h post slaughter and improving meat sensory characteristics compared with control diet. A fermented diet also significantly increased the abundance of insulin, insulin receptor (IR), myoblast determination protein (MyoD) and myosin heavy chain-I (MyHC-I) transcripts, and the phosphorylation levels of AKT, mTORC1, 4EBP1 and S6K1 in LT, while decreasing the expression of muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and forkhead Box O1 (Foxo1) mRNA transcripts. Moreover, proteomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins predominantly involved in protein synthesis and muscle development were modulated by fermented diet. Our results indicated that a fermented diet improved meat quality and enhanced LT growth of finishing pigs by increasing insulin/AKT/mTORC1 protein synthesis cascade and activating the Foxo1/MAFbx pathway, along with the regulation of ribosomal protein and proteins involved in muscle contraction and muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Qiu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Kebiao Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xichen Zhao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shilong Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xuefen Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Reza N, Musunuru K, Owens AT. From Hypertrophy to Heart Failure: What Is New in Genetic Cardiomyopathies. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2020; 16:157-167. [PMID: 31243690 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-019-00435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the recent advances in the research and clinical care of patients with the major phenotypes of inherited cardiomyopathies-hypertrophic, dilated, and arrhythmogenic. Developments in genetics, risk stratification, therapies, and disease modeling will be discussed. RECENT Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools which incorporate genetic and genomic data are being steadily incorporated into the routine clinical care of patients with genetic cardiomyopathies. Human pluripotent stem cells are a breakthrough model system for the study of genetic variation associated with inherited cardiovascular disease. Next-generation sequencing technology and molecular-based diagnostics and therapeutics have emerged as valuable tools to improve the recognition and care of patients with hypertrophic, dilated, and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies. Improved adjudication of variant pathogenicity and management of genotype-positive/phenotype-negative individuals are imminent challenges in this realm of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Reza
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Kiran Musunuru
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 11 South Pavilion, Room 11-134, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anjali Tiku Owens
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Choquet H, Thai KK, Jiang C, Ranatunga DK, Hoffmann TJ, Go AS, Lindsay AC, Ehm MG, Waterworth DM, Risch N, Schaefer C. Meta-Analysis of 26 638 Individuals Identifies Two Genetic Loci Associated With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2020; 13:e002804. [PMID: 32605384 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.119.002804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is an indicator of cardiac function, usually assessed in individuals with heart failure and other cardiac conditions. Although family studies indicate that EF has an important genetic component with heritability estimates up to 0.61, to date only 6 EF-associated loci have been reported. METHODS Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of EF in 26 638 adults from the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging and the UK Biobank cohorts. RESULTS A meta-analysis combining results from Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging and UK Biobank identified a novel locus: TMEM40 on chromosome 3p25 (rs11719526; β=0.47 and P=3.10×10-8) that replicated in Biobank Japan and confirmed recent findings implicating the BAG3 locus on chromosome 10q26 in EF variation, with the strongest association observed for rs17617337 (β=-0.83 and P=8.24×10-17). Although the minor allele frequencies of TMEM40 rs11719526 were generally common (between 0.13 and 0.44) in different ethnic groups, BAG3 rs17617337 was rare (minor allele frequencies<0.05) in Asian and African ancestry populations. These associations were slightly attenuated, after considering antecedent cardiac conditions (ie, heart failure/cardiomyopathy, hypertension, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, valvular disease, and revascularization procedures). This suggests that the effects of the lead variants at TMEM40 or BAG3 on EF are largely independent of these conditions. CONCLUSIONS In this large and multiethnic study, we identified 2 loci, TMEM40 and BAG3, associated with EF at a genome-wide significance level. Identifying and understanding the genetic determinants of EF is important to better understand the pathophysiology of this strong correlate of cardiac outcomes and to help target the development of future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.)
| | - Khanh K Thai
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.)
| | - Chen Jiang
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.)
| | - Dilrini K Ranatunga
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.)
| | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Institute for Human Genetics (T.J.H., N.R.), UCSF, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (T.J.H., N.R.), UCSF, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alan S Go
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.)
| | | | - Margaret G Ehm
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA (A.C.L., M.G.E., D.M.W.)
| | | | - Neil Risch
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.).,Institute for Human Genetics (T.J.H., N.R.), UCSF, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (T.J.H., N.R.), UCSF, San Francisco, CA
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA (H.C., K.K.T., C.J., D.K.R., A.S.G., N.R., C.S.)
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Genetic Dissection of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Myocardial RNA-Seq. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093040. [PMID: 32344918 PMCID: PMC7246737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disorder of the myocardium, and pathogenic mutations in the sarcomere genes myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) and myosin-binding protein C (MYBPC3) explain 60%–70% of observed clinical cases. The heterogeneity of phenotypes observed in HCM patients, however, suggests that novel causative genes or genetic modifiers likely exist. Here, we systemically evaluated RNA-seq data from 28 HCM patients and 9 healthy controls with pathogenic variant identification, differential expression analysis, and gene co-expression and protein–protein interaction network analyses. We identified 43 potential pathogenic variants in 19 genes in 24 HCM patients. Genes with more than one variant included the following: MYBPC3, TTN, MYH7, PSEN2, and LDB3. A total of 2538 protein-coding genes, six microRNAs (miRNAs), and 1617 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified differentially expressed between the groups, including several well-characterized cardiomyopathy-related genes (ANKRD1, FHL2, TGFB3, miR-30d, and miR-154). Gene enrichment analysis revealed that those genes are significantly involved in heart development and physiology. Furthermore, we highlighted four subnetworks: mtDNA-subnetwork, DSP-subnetwork, MYH7-subnetwork, and MYBPC3-subnetwork, which could play significant roles in the progression of HCM. Our findings further illustrate that HCM is a complex disease, which results from mutations in multiple protein-coding genes, modulation by non-coding RNAs and perturbations in gene networks.
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Mazzarotto F, Olivotto I, Walsh R. Advantages and Perils of Clinical Whole-Exome and Whole-Genome Sequencing in Cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 34:241-253. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-06948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ameri P, Schiattarella GG, Crotti L, Torchio M, Bertero E, Rodolico D, Forte M, Di Mauro V, Paolillo R, Chimenti C, Torella D, Catalucci D, Sciarretta S, Basso C, Indolfi C, Perrino C. Novel Basic Science Insights to Improve the Management of Heart Failure: Review of the Working Group on Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Heart of the Italian Society of Cardiology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1192. [PMID: 32054029 PMCID: PMC7072832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite important advances in diagnosis and treatment, heart failure (HF) remains a syndrome with substantial morbidity and dismal prognosis. Although implementation and optimization of existing technologies and drugs may lead to better management of HF, new or alternative strategies are desirable. In this regard, basic science is expected to give fundamental inputs, by expanding the knowledge of the pathways underlying HF development and progression, identifying approaches that may improve HF detection and prognostic stratification, and finding novel treatments. Here, we discuss recent basic science insights that encompass major areas of translational research in HF and have high potential clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Ameri
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—IRCCS Italian Cardiovascular Network & Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | | | - Lia Crotti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, 20149 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Torchio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, 20095 Milan, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Daniele Rodolico
- Agostino Gemelli Medical School, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Forte
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzili, Italy; (M.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Vittoria Di Mauro
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, 20138 Milan, Italy; (V.D.M.); (D.C.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, 20090 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Roberta Paolillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cristina Chimenti
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrologic, and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Daniele Torella
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, 20138 Milan, Italy; (V.D.M.); (D.C.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, 20090 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzili, Italy; (M.F.); (S.S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Cristina Basso
- Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy;
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Center of Cardiovascular Research, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- URT-CNR, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Brodehl A, Ebbinghaus H, Deutsch MA, Gummert J, Gärtner A, Ratnavadivel S, Milting H. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes as Models for Genetic Cardiomyopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184381. [PMID: 31489928 PMCID: PMC6770343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, many pathogenic or likely pathogenic genetic mutations in over hundred different genes have been described for non-ischemic, genetic cardiomyopathies. However, the functional knowledge about most of these mutations is still limited because the generation of adequate animal models is time-consuming and challenging. Therefore, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying specific cardiomyopathy-associated mutations are a promising alternative. Since the original discovery that pluripotency can be artificially induced by the expression of different transcription factors, various patient-specific-induced pluripotent stem cell lines have been generated to model non-ischemic, genetic cardiomyopathies in vitro. In this review, we describe the genetic landscape of non-ischemic, genetic cardiomyopathies and give an overview about different human iPSC lines, which have been developed for the disease modeling of inherited cardiomyopathies. We summarize different methods and protocols for the general differentiation of human iPSCs into cardiomyocytes. In addition, we describe methods and technologies to investigate functionally human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we summarize novel genome editing approaches for the genetic manipulation of human iPSCs. This review provides an overview about the genetic landscape of inherited cardiomyopathies with a focus on iPSC technology, which might be of interest for clinicians and basic scientists interested in genetic cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brodehl
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Hans Ebbinghaus
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Marcus-André Deutsch
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Jan Gummert
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Anna Gärtner
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Sandra Ratnavadivel
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Milting
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
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MLP-deficient human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes develop hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure phenotypes due to abnormal calcium handling. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:610. [PMID: 31406109 PMCID: PMC6690906 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Muscle LIM protein (MLP, CSRP3) is a key regulator of striated muscle function, and its mutations can lead to both hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in patients. However, due to lack of human models, mechanisms underlining the pathogenesis of MLP defects remain unclear. In this study, we generated a knockout MLP/CSRP3 human embryonic stem cell (hESC) H9 cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene disruption. CSRP3 disruption had no impact on the cardiac differentiation of H9 cells and led to confirmed MLP deficiency in hESC-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs). MLP-deficient hESC-CMs were found to develop phenotypic features of HCM early after differentiation, such as enlarged cell size, multinucleation, and disorganized sarcomeric ultrastructure. Cellular phenotypes of MLP-deficient hESC-CMs subsequently progressed to mimic heart failure (HF) by 30 days post differentiation, including exhibiting mitochondrial damage, increased ROS generation, and impaired Ca2+ handling. Pharmaceutical treatment with beta agonist, such as isoproterenol, was found to accelerate the manifestation of HCM and HF, consistent with transgenic animal models of MLP deficiency. Furthermore, restoration of Ca2+ homeostasis by verapamil prevented the development of HCM and HF phenotypes, suggesting that elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration is a central mechanism for pathogenesis of MLP deficiency. In summary, MLP-deficient hESC-CMs recapitulate the pathogenesis of HCM and its progression toward HF, providing an important human model for investigation of CSRP3/MLP-associated disease pathogenesis. More importantly, correction of the autonomous dysfunction of Ca2+ handling was found to be an effective method for treating the in vitro development of cardiomyopathy disease phenotype.
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Capraro A, O'Meally D, Waters SA, Patel HR, Georges A, Waters PD. Waking the sleeping dragon: gene expression profiling reveals adaptive strategies of the hibernating reptile Pogona vitticeps. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:460. [PMID: 31170930 PMCID: PMC6555745 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hibernation is a physiological state exploited by many animals exposed to prolonged adverse environmental conditions associated with winter. Large changes in metabolism and cellular function occur, with many stress response pathways modulated to tolerate physiological challenges that might otherwise be lethal. Many studies have sought to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of mammalian hibernation, but detailed analyses are lacking in reptiles. Here we examine gene expression in the Australian central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) using mRNA-seq and label-free quantitative mass spectrometry in matched brain, heart and skeletal muscle samples from animals at late hibernation, 2 days post-arousal and 2 months post-arousal. Results We identified differentially expressed genes in all tissues between hibernation and post-arousal time points; with 4264 differentially expressed genes in brain, 5340 differentially expressed genes in heart, and 5587 differentially expressed genes in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we identified 2482 differentially expressed genes across all tissues. Proteomic analysis identified 743 proteins (58 differentially expressed) in brain, 535 (57 differentially expressed) in heart, and 337 (36 differentially expressed) in skeletal muscle. Tissue-specific analyses revealed enrichment of protective mechanisms in all tissues, including neuroprotective pathways in brain, cardiac hypertrophic processes in heart, and atrophy protective pathways in skeletal muscle. In all tissues stress response pathways were induced during hibernation, as well as evidence for gene expression regulation at transcription, translation and post-translation. Conclusions These results reveal critical stress response pathways and protective mechanisms that allow for maintenance of both tissue-specific function, and survival during hibernation in the central bearded dragon. Furthermore, we provide evidence for multiple levels of gene expression regulation during hibernation, particularly enrichment of miRNA-mediated translational repression machinery; a process that would allow for rapid and energy efficient reactivation of translation from mature mRNA molecules at arousal. This study is the first molecular investigation of its kind in a hibernating reptile, and identifies strategies not yet observed in other hibernators to cope stress associated with this remarkable state of metabolic depression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5750-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Capraro
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Denis O'Meally
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Present address: Center for Gene Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Hardip R Patel
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Arthur Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Paul D Waters
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Mathiesen SB, Lunde M, Aronsen JM, Romaine A, Kaupang A, Martinsen M, de Souza GA, Nyman TA, Sjaastad I, Christensen G, Carlson CR. The cardiac syndecan-4 interactome reveals a role for syndecan-4 in nuclear translocation of muscle LIM protein (MLP). J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8717-8731. [PMID: 30967474 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Costameres are signaling hubs at the sarcolemma and important contact points between the extracellular matrix and cell interior, sensing and transducing biomechanical signals into a cellular response. The transmembrane proteoglycan syndecan-4 localizes to these attachment points and has been shown to be important in the initial stages of cardiac remodeling, but its mechanistic function in the heart remains insufficiently understood. Here, we sought to map the cardiac interactome of syndecan-4 to better understand its function and downstream signaling mechanisms. By combining two different affinity purification methods with MS analysis, we found that the cardiac syndecan-4 interactome consists of 21 novel and 29 previously described interaction partners. Nine of the novel partners were further validated to bind syndecan-4 in HEK293 cells (i.e. CAVIN1/PTRF, CCT5, CDK9, EIF2S1, EIF4B, MPP7, PARVB, PFKM, and RASIP). We also found that 19 of the 50 interactome partners bind differently to syndecan-4 in the left ventricle lysate from aortic-banded heart failure (ABHF) rats compared with SHAM-operated animals. One of these partners was the well-known mechanotransducer muscle LIM protein (MLP), which showed direct and increased binding to syndecan-4 in ABHF. Nuclear translocation is important in MLP-mediated signaling, and we found less MLP in the nuclear-enriched fractions from syndecan-4-/- mouse left ventricles but increased nuclear MLP when syndecan-4 was overexpressed in a cardiomyocyte cell line. In the presence of a cell-permeable syndecan-4-MLP disruptor peptide, the nuclear MLP level was reduced. These findings suggest that syndecan-4 mediates nuclear translocation of MLP in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bech Mathiesen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo
| | - Marianne Lunde
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo.,the Bjørknes College, 0456 Oslo
| | - Andreas Romaine
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, and
| | - Anita Kaupang
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo
| | - Marita Martinsen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo
| | - Gustavo Antonio de Souza
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, and
| | - Geir Christensen
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, and
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- From the Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo,
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47
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Chang Y, Geng F, Hu Y, Ding Y, Zhang R. Zebrafish cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 is essential for mechanical stability in skeletal muscles. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:604-611. [PMID: 30826063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 (CSRP3) is a striated muscle-specific cytoskeleton protein which participates in cardiac stretch sensing. Mutations in CSRP3 gene cause cardiomyopathies and deregulation of CSRP3 has been found in patients with heart failure and several skeletal muscle diseases. However, the mechanism underneath these disorders still remains poorly understood. Here we generated the first csrp3 knockout zebrafish. csrp3-/- embryos showed no gross morphological defects but csrp3 deficient skeletal muscle fibers were prone to lesions upon prolonged stretching force. Further studies revealed csrp3 cooperatively interacted with ilk to maintain skeletal muscle mechanical stability and regulated tcap activation. Thus, our work has established a zebrafish model to investigate the function of csrp3 gene, and provides novel insights towards how csrp3 defects may lead to skeletal myopathies by a mechanistic link between Csrp3 and force stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fang Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yefan Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuecen Ding
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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48
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Oudot C, Gomes A, Nicolas V, Le Gall M, Chaffey P, Broussard C, Calamita G, Mastrodonato M, Gena P, Perfettini JL, Hamelin J, Lemoine A, Fischmeister R, Vieira HL, Santos CN, Brenner C. CSRP3 mediates polyphenols-induced cardioprotection in hypertension. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 66:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Han S, Cui C, Wang Y, He H, Liu Z, Shen X, Chen Y, Li D, Zhu Q, Yin H. Knockdown of CSRP3 inhibits differentiation of chicken satellite cells by promoting TGF-β/Smad3 signaling. Gene 2019; 707:36-43. [PMID: 30930226 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Muscle LIM protein (MLP/CSRP3/CRP3) is a microtubule-associated protein preferentially expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle and has a central role during muscle development and for architectural maintenance of muscle cells. LIM-domain proteins act as both modulators and downstream targets of TGF-β signaling, which is well documented to negatively regulate differentiation of myogenic precursor cells or myoblasts. Herein, we determined whether CSRP3 regulates chicken satellite cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro, and examined its mechanism of action by focusing on the TGF-β signaling pathway. Interference of CSRP3 mRNA expression had no effect on the proliferation of satellite cells, but significantly inhibited satellite cell differentiation into myotubes at 24, 48, and 72 h after initiation of differentiation. However, CSRP3 overexpression did not affect the proliferation or differentiation of satellite cells. Moreover, knockdown of CSRP3 caused up-regulation of TGF-β and Smad3 mRNA and protein levels. The phosphorylation of Smad3 in CSRP3-knockdown cells was greater than that in wild-type cells at 24, 48, and 72 h after initiation of differentiation. Collectively, knockdown of CSRP3 suppressed chicken satellite cell differentiation by regulating Smad3 phosphorylation in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Our results indicate that CSRP3 might play an important role in promoting satellite cell differentiation in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Can Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Haorong He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoxu Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
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50
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VanHecke GC, Abeywardana MY, Ahn YH. Proteomic Identification of Protein Glutathionylation in Cardiomyocytes. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1806-1818. [PMID: 30831029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules, but their overproduction is associated with many cardiovascular diseases, including cardiomyopathy. ROS induce various oxidative modifications, among which glutathionylation is one of the significant protein oxidations that occur under oxidative stress. Despite previous efforts, direct and site-specific identification of glutathionylated proteins in cardiomyocytes has been limited. In this report, we used a clickable glutathione approach in a HL-1 mouse cardiomyocyte cell line under exposure to hydrogen peroxide, finding 1763 glutathionylated peptides with specific Cys modification sites, which include many muscle-specific proteins. Bioinformatic and cluster analyses found 125 glutathionylated proteins, whose mutations or dysfunctions are associated with cardiomyopathy, many of which include sarcomeric structural and contractile proteins, chaperone, and other signaling or regulatory proteins. We further provide functional implication of glutathionylation for several identified proteins, including CSRP3/MLP and complex I, II, and III, by analyzing glutathionylated sites in their structures. Our report establishes a chemoselective method for direct identification of glutathionylated proteins and provides potential target proteins whose glutathionylation may contribute to muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett C VanHecke
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | | | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
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