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Panah E, Garfield E, Zahirsha Z, Muhlbauer A, Lake E, Speiser J. Blau Syndrome With Delayed Cutaneous Manifestations: A Case Report. Am J Dermatopathol 2024; 46:381-382. [PMID: 38648024 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Blau syndrome is a rare familial autoinflammatory disorder characterized by the triad of granulomatous dermatitis, polyarthritis, and uveitis. Blau syndrome exhibits an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern and can be caused by a gain-of-function mutation in nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2), a member of the NOD-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors. Mutations in NOD2 cause upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and resultant autoinflammation. Because of the rarity of this condition and early onset of symptoms, Blau syndrome may be misdiagnosed as juvenile idiopathic arthritis. We present a case of a 37-year-old male patient with a long-documented history of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and uveitis, who developed an asymptomatic eruption of pink papules on the trunk and upper extremities. A biopsy demonstrated noncaseating, well-formed dermal granulomas with relatively sparse lymphocytic inflammation and Langerhans-type giant cells. Genetic testing confirmed a mutation in NOD2. Based on the patient's clinical history, histologic findings, genetic testing, the diagnosis of Blau syndrome was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Panah
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; and
| | - Erin Garfield
- Department of Dermatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - Zisansha Zahirsha
- Department of Dermatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - Aaron Muhlbauer
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; and
| | - Eden Lake
- Department of Dermatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - Jodi Speiser
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; and
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2
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Antony BS, Nagarajan C, Devaraj DV, Subbaraj GK. A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis on Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1 (3'-Untranslated Region) and Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-2 (rs8057341) Polymorphisms and Leprosy Susceptibility in Asian and Caucasian Populations. Int J Mycobacteriol 2024; 13:115-125. [PMID: 38916380 DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_43_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The current meta-analysis aims to explore the potential correlation between natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) (3'-Untranslated region [3'-UTR]) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 (NOD2 [rs8057341]) gene polymorphisms and their association with leprosy susceptibility in both Asian and Caucasian populations. Datas were retrieved from case control studies with NOD 2 and NRAMP 1 gene polymorphism associated with leprosy disease. Leprosy emerges as a particularly distinctive ailment among women on a global scale. The NRAMP1 (3'-UTR) and NOD2 (rs8057341) genetic variations play a crucial role in the progression of leprosy. A systematic review of relevant case-control studies was conducted across several databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase. Utilizing MetaGenyo and Review Manager 5.4 Version, statistical analyses were carried out. Nine case-control studies totaling 3281 controls and 3062 leprosy patients are included in the research, with the objective of examining the potential association between NRAMP1 (3'-UTR) and NOD2 (rs8057341) gene polymorphisms and leprosy risk. The review methodology was registered in PROSPERO (ID520883). The findings reveal a robust association between NRAMP1 (3'-UTR) and NOD2 (rs8057341) gene polymorphisms and leprosy risk across various genetic models. Although the funnel plot analysis did not identify publication bias, bolstering these findings and elucidating potential gene-gene and gene-environment interactions require further comprehensive epidemiological research. This study identified a strong correlation between polymorphisms in the NOD2 (rs8057341) genes and susceptibility to leprosy across two genetic models. Further comprehensive epidemiological investigations are warranted to validate these findings and explore potential interactions between these genes and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibin Savio Antony
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitra Nagarajan
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Danis Vijay Devaraj
- Department of Microbiology, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowtham Kumar Subbaraj
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yang S, Guo J, Kong Z, Deng M, Da J, Lin X, Peng S, Fu J, Luo T, Ma J, Yin H, Liu L, Liu J, Zha Y, Tan Y, Zhang J. Causal effects of gut microbiota on sepsis and sepsis-related death: insights from genome-wide Mendelian randomization, single-cell RNA, bulk RNA sequencing, and network pharmacology. J Transl Med 2024; 22:10. [PMID: 38167131 PMCID: PMC10763396 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota alterations have been implicated in sepsis and related infectious diseases, but the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS We evaluated the association between gut microbiota composition and sepsis using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis based on published genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the results. Reverse MR analysis and integration of GWAS and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data were performed to identify potential genes and therapeutic targets. RESULTS Our analysis identified 11 causal bacterial taxa associated with sepsis, with increased abundance of six taxa showing positive causal relationships. Ten taxa had causal effects on the 28-day survival outcome of septic patients, with increased abundance of six taxa showing positive associations. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these associations. Reverse MR analysis did not provide evidence of reverse causality. Integration of GWAS and eQTL data revealed 76 genes passing the summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) test. Differential expression of these genes was observed between sepsis patients and healthy individuals. These genes represent potential therapeutic targets for sepsis. Molecular docking analysis predicted potential drug-target interactions, further supporting their therapeutic potential. CONCLUSION Our study provides insights for the development of personalized treatment strategies for sepsis and offers preliminary candidate targets and drugs for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yang
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhuo Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingjing Da
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Junwu Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Jiqin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
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Xu ZY, Wang JC. LACC1 regulates changes in the intestinal flora in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37848840 PMCID: PMC10580640 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism whereby LACC1 regulates the intestinal flora in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS C57BL/6 and Lacc1-/- mice were used to establish a mouse model of IBD induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The effects of Lacc1 deletion in mice were evaluated. Changes in the body weight and stool blood were recorded daily. After 7 days of successful modeling, the mice were sacrificed, blood was collected from the eyeballs, the entire colon was dissected and separated, and the length of the colon was measured. RESULTS Compared with the wild-type (WT) DSS model group, the Lacc1-/- DSS model group showed a significantly higher disease activity index score (P < 0.05), significantly faster weight loss (P < 0.05), and a significantly shorter colon (P < 0.05), indicating that the colonic mucosal tissue was seriously damaged in the Lacc1-/- DSS model group (P < 0.05). Serum IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in the Lacc1-/- DSS model group than the WT DSS model group. Principal coordinate analysis showed that there were significant microbiome differences between the WT, Lacc1-/-, WT DSS model, and Lacc1-/- DSS model groups (P < 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed that under natural conditions, Lacc1-/- mice had significant changes in their intestinal flora compared with control mice (LDA value > 3 or < 3, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lacc1 deletion aggravates DSS-induced IBD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.9, Yingbin Avenue, Shuyang County, Suqian, 223600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.9, Yingbin Avenue, Shuyang County, Suqian, 223600, Jiangsu, China.
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Sacco KA, Gazzin A, Notarangelo LD, Delmonte OM. Granulomatous inflammation in inborn errors of immunity. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1110115. [PMID: 36891233 PMCID: PMC9986611 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1110115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulomas have been defined as inflammatory infiltrates formed by recruitment of macrophages and T cells. The three-dimensional spherical structure typically consists of a central core of tissue resident macrophages which may merge into multinucleated giant cells surrounded by T cells at the periphery. Granulomas may be triggered by infectious and non-infectious antigens. Cutaneous and visceral granulomas are common in inborn errors of immunity (IEI), particularly among patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), combined immunodeficiency (CID), and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The estimated prevalence of granulomas in IEI ranges from 1%-4%. Infectious agents causing granulomas such Mycobacteria and Coccidioides presenting atypically may be 'sentinel' presentations for possible underlying immunodeficiency. Deep sequencing of granulomas in IEI has revealed non-classical antigens such as wild-type and RA27/3 vaccine-strain Rubella virus. Granulomas in IEI are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The heterogeneity of granuloma presentation in IEI presents challenges for mechanistic approaches to treatment. In this review, we discuss the main infectious triggers for granulomas in IEI and the major forms of IEI presenting with 'idiopathic' non-infectious granulomas. We also discuss models to study granulomatous inflammation and the impact of deep-sequencing technology while searching for infectious triggers of granulomatous inflammation. We summarize the overarching goals of management and highlight the therapeutic options reported for specific granuloma presentations in IEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Sacco
- Department of Pulmonology, Section of Allergy-Immunology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Andrea Gazzin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Wei Z, Oh J, Flavell RA, Crawford JM. LACC1 bridges NOS2 and polyamine metabolism in inflammatory macrophages. Nature 2022; 609:348-353. [PMID: 35978195 PMCID: PMC9813773 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian immune system uses various pattern recognition receptors to recognize invaders and host damage and transmits this information to downstream immunometabolic signalling outcomes. Laccase domain-containing 1 (LACC1) protein is an enzyme highly expressed in inflammatory macrophages and serves a central regulatory role in multiple inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, arthritis and clearance of microbial infection1-4. However, the biochemical roles required for LACC1 functions remain largely undefined. Here we elucidated a shared biochemical function of LACC1 in mice and humans, converting L-citrulline to L-ornithine (L-Orn) and isocyanic acid and serving as a bridge between proinflammatory nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and polyamine immunometabolism. We validated the genetic and mechanistic connections among NOS2, LACC1 and ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) in mouse models and bone marrow-derived macrophages infected by Salmonella enterica Typhimurium. Strikingly, LACC1 phenotypes required upstream NOS2 and downstream ODC1, and Lacc1-/- chemical complementation with its product L-Orn significantly restored wild-type activities. Our findings illuminate a previously unidentified pathway in inflammatory macrophages, explain why its deficiency may contribute to human inflammatory diseases and suggest that L-Orn could serve as a nutraceutical to ameliorate LACC1-associated immunological dysfunctions such as arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Biomolecular Design & Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joonseok Oh
- Institute of Biomolecular Design & Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jason M Crawford
- Institute of Biomolecular Design & Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Azab B, Rabab’h O, Aburizeg D, Mohammad H, Dardas Z, Mustafa L, Khasawneh RA, Awad H, Hatmal MM, Altamimi E. Potential Composite Digenic Contribution of NPC1 and NOD2 Leading to Atypical Lethal Niemann-Pick Type C with Initial Crohn’s Disease-like Presentation: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060973. [PMID: 35741735 PMCID: PMC9223108 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann–Pick disease type C (NPC) is an autosomal recessive neurovisceral disease characterized by progressive neurodegeneration with variable involvement of multisystemic abnormalities. Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with a multifactorial etiology influenced by variants in NOD2. Here, we investigated a patient with plausible multisystemic overlapping manifestations of both NPC and CD. Her initial hospitalization was due to a prolonged fever and non-bloody diarrhea. A few months later, she presented with recurrent skin tags and anal fissures. Later, her neurological and pulmonary systems progressively deteriorated, leading to her death at the age of three and a half years. Differential diagnosis of her disease encompassed a battery of clinical testing and genetic investigations. The patient’s clinical diagnosis was inconclusive. Specifically, the histopathological findings were directed towards an IBD disease. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of IBD was not consistent with the patient’s subsequent neurological and pulmonary deterioration. Consequently, we utilized a genetic analysis approach to guide the diagnosis of this vague condition. Our phenotype–genotype association attempts led to the identification of candidate disease-causing variants in both NOD2 and NPC1. In this study, we propose a potential composite digenic impact of these two genes as the underlying molecular etiology. This work lays the foundation for future functional and mechanistic studies to unravel the digenic role of NOD2 and NPC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Azab
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (H.M.); (L.M.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Omar Rabab’h
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Dunia Aburizeg
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (H.M.); (L.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Hashim Mohammad
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (H.M.); (L.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Zain Dardas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Lina Mustafa
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (H.M.); (L.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Ruba A. Khasawneh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Heyam Awad
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (H.M.); (L.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Eyad Altamimi
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (E.A.)
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Horneff G, Schütz C, Rösen-Wolff A. [Autoinflammation-A clinical and genetic challenge]. Hautarzt 2022; 73:309-322. [PMID: 35286425 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-022-04970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades clinical rheumatological practice has been confronted with a steadily increasing number of autoinflammatory diseases, the immunological pathomechanisms of which have been elucidated and in part can be clinically well classified. Whereas targeted genetic diagnostics previously served to confirm a clinically suspected diagnosis, genetic sequencing technology has much improved and enables a new diagnostic approach via high-throughput sequencing, e.g., panel sequencing, whole exome and whole genome sequencing. Thus, the decision to make a diagnosis clinically and/or genetically, has become a daily challenge. This article contrasts the clinical, immunological and genetic aspects of autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Horneff
- Zentrum für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Neonatologie, Asklepios Klinik Sankt Augustin, Arnold Janssen Str. 29, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Deutschland. .,Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - Catharina Schütz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Angela Rösen-Wolff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
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9
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Liu L, Bankell E, Rippe C, Morén B, Stenkula KG, Nilsson BO, Swärd K. Cell Type Dependent Suppression of Inflammatory Mediators by Myocardin Related Transcription Factors. Front Physiol 2021; 12:732564. [PMID: 34671275 PMCID: PMC8521029 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.732564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardin related transcription factors (MRTFs: MYOCD/myocardin, MRTF-A, and MRTF-B) play a key role in smooth muscle cell differentiation by activating contractile genes. In atherosclerosis, MRTF levels change, and most notable is a fall of MYOCD. Previous work described anti-inflammatory properties of MRTF-A and MYOCD, occurring through RelA binding, suggesting that MYOCD reduction could contribute to vascular inflammation. Recent studies have muddled this picture showing that MRTFs may show both anti- and pro-inflammatory properties, but the basis of these discrepancies remain unclear. Moreover, the impact of MRTFs on inflammatory signaling pathways in tissues relevant to human arterial disease is uncertain. The current work aimed to address these issues. RNA-sequencing after forced expression of myocardin in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCASMCs) showed reduction of pro-inflammatory transcripts, including CCL2, CXCL8, IL6, and IL1B. Side-by-side comparison of MYOCD, MRTF-A, and MRTF-B in hCASMCs, showed that the anti-inflammatory impact was shared among MRTFs. Correlation analyses using human arterial transcriptomic datasets revealed negative correlations between MYOCD, MRTFA, and SRF, on the one hand, and the inflammatory transcripts, on the other. A pro-inflammatory drive from lipopolysaccharide, did not change the size of the suppressive effect of MRTF-A in hCASMCs on either mRNA or protein levels. To examine cell type-dependence, we compared the anti-inflammatory impact in hCASMCs, with that in human bladder SMCs, in endothelial cells, and in monocytes (THP-1 cells). Surprisingly, little anti-inflammatory activity was seen in endothelial cells and monocytes, and in bladder SMCs, MRTF-A was pro-inflammatory. CXCL8, IL6, and IL1B were increased by the MRTF-SRF inhibitor CCG-1423 and by MRTF-A silencing in hCASMCs, but depolymerization of actin, known to inhibit MRTF activity, had no stimulatory effect, an exception being IL1B. Co-immunoprecipitation supported binding of MRTF-A to RelA, supporting sequestration of this important pro-inflammatory mediator as a mechanism. Dexamethasone treatment and silencing of RelA (by 76 ± 1%) however only eliminated a fraction of the MRTF-A effect (≈25%), suggesting mechanisms beyond RelA binding. Indeed, SRF silencing suggested that MRTF-A suppression of IL1B and CXCL8 depends on SRF. This work thus supports an anti-inflammatory impact of MRTF-SRF signaling in hCASMCs and in intact human arteries, but not in several other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Urology, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | | | - Catarina Rippe
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Morén
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Karl Swärd
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
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10
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Horneff G, Schütz C, Rösen-Wolff A. [Autoinflammation-A clinical and genetic challenge]. Z Rheumatol 2021; 80:953-965. [PMID: 34636972 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-021-01076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades clinical rheumatological practice has been confronted with a steadily increasing number of autoinflammatory diseases, the immunological pathomechanisms of which have been elucidated and in part can be clinically well classified. Whereas targeted genetic diagnostics previously served to confirm a clinically suspected diagnosis, genetic sequencing technology has much improved and enables a new diagnostic approach via high-throughput sequencing, e.g., panel sequencing, whole exome and whole genome sequencing. Thus, the decision to make a diagnosis clinically and/or genetically, has become a daily challenge. This article contrasts the clinical, immunological and genetic aspects of autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Horneff
- Zentrum für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Neonatologie, Asklepios Klinik Sankt Augustin, Arnold Janssen Str. 29, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Deutschland. .,Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - Catharina Schütz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Angela Rösen-Wolff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
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11
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Gamara J, Davis L, Leong AZ, Pagé N, Rollet-Labelle E, Zhao C, Hongu T, Funakoshi Y, Kanaho Y, Aoudji F, Pelletier M, Bourgoin SG. Arf6 regulates energy metabolism in neutrophils. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:550-561. [PMID: 34245858 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The small GTPase Arf6 regulates many cellular processes, including cytoskeletal remodeling, receptor endocytosis, and pathogen phagocytosis. Arf6 silencing in neutrophil (PMN)-like cells is well-known to inhibit chemotactic peptide-mediated activation of phospholipase D, the oxidative burst, and β2 integrin-dependent adhesion. In conditional knockout (cKO) mice, the migration to inflammatory sites of Arf6-deficient PMNs was diminished and associated with reduced cell surface expression of β2 integrins. In this study we assessed the impact of Arf6 depletion on the functions and gene expression profile of PMNs isolated from the mouse air pouch. Numerous genes involved in response to oxygen levels, erythrocyte and myeloid differentiation, macrophage chemotaxis, response to chemicals, apoptosis, RNA destabilization, endosome organization, and vesicle transport were differentially expressed in PMNs cKO for Arf6. Lpar6 and Lacc-1 were the most up-regulated and down-regulated genes, respectively. The deletion of Arf6 also decreased Lacc-1 protein level in PMNs, and silencing of Arf6 in THP-1 monocytic cells delayed LPS-mediated Lacc-1 expression. We report that fMLP or zymosan-induced glycolysis and oxygen consumption rate were both decreased in air pouch PMNs but not in bone marrow PMNs of Arf6 cKO mice. Reduced oxygen consumption correlated with a decrease in superoxide and ROS production. Deletion of Arf6 in PMNs also reduced phagocytosis and interfered with apoptosis. The data suggest that Arf6 regulates energy metabolism, which may contribute to impaired phagocytosis, ROS production, and apoptosis in PMN-Arf6 cKO. This study provides new information on the functions and the inflammatory pathways influenced by Arf6 in PMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jouda Gamara
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Lynn Davis
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Andrew Z Leong
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Nathalie Pagé
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Emmanuelle Rollet-Labelle
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Chenqi Zhao
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Tsunaki Hongu
- German Cancer Research Centre (DFKZ), Group of Metastatic Niches, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuji Funakoshi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kanaho
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fawzi Aoudji
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2; Centre ARThrite, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V0A6
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2; Centre ARThrite, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V0A6
| | - Sylvain G Bourgoin
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2; Centre ARThrite, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V0A6.
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12
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Histologic Patterns and Clues to Autoinflammatory Diseases in Children: What a Cutaneous Biopsy Can Tell Us. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 8:202-220. [PMID: 34201078 PMCID: PMC8293050 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoinflammation is defined by aberrant, antigen-independent activation of the innate immune signaling pathways. This leads to increased, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and subsequent inflammation. In contrast, autoimmune and allergic diseases are antigen-directed immune responses from activation of the adaptive immune system. The innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways are closely interconnected. The group of 'complex multigenic diseases' are a result of mutual dysregulation of both the autoinflammatory and autoimmune physiologic components. In contrast, monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes (MAIS) result from single mutations and are exclusively autoinflammatory in their pathogenesis. Studying the clinical and histopathological findings for the various MAIS explains the phenotypical correlates of their specific mutations. This review aims to group the histopathologic clues for autoinflammation into three recognizable patterns. The presence of these histologic patterns in a pediatric patient with recurrent fevers and systemic inflammation should raise suspicion of an autoinflammatory component in MAIS, or, more frequently, in a complex multigenic disease. The three major histopathological patterns seen in autoinflammation are as follows: (i) the 'neutrophilic' pattern, seen in urticarial neutrophilic dermatosis, pustular psoriasis, aseptic neutrophilic folliculitis, and Sweet's syndrome; (ii) the 'vasculitic' pattern seen in small vessel-vasculitis (including hypersensitivity/leukocytoclastic vasculitis, thrombosing microangiopathy and lymphocytic vasculitis), and intermediate-sized vessel vasculitis, mimicking polyarteritis nodosa; and (iii) the 'granulomatous' pattern. Beyond these three patterns, there are additional histopathologic clues, which are detailed below. It is important for a dermatopathologist to recognize the patterns of autoinflammation, so that a diagnosis of MAIS or complex multigenic diseases may be obtained. Finally, careful histopathologic analyses could contribute to a better understanding of the various clinical manifestations of autoinflammation.
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13
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Kutukculer N, Topyildiz E, Berdeli A, Guven Bilgin B, Aykut A, Durmaz A, Cogulu O, Aksu G, Edeer Karaca N. Four diseases, PLAID, APLAID, FCAS3 and CVID and one gene (PHOSPHOLIPASE C, GAMMA-2; PLCG2): Striking clinical phenotypic overlap and difference. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:2023-2031. [PMID: 33936634 PMCID: PMC8077279 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We suggest PLAID, APLAID, and FCAS3 have to be considered as different aspects of the same underlying condition, because of our long-term clinical and genetical experiences. Some CVID patients have the same disease-causing mutations in PLCG2 gene, so it may be better to define all of them as "PLCG2deficiency."
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Affiliation(s)
- Necil Kutukculer
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Immunology and RheumatologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Ezgi Topyildiz
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Allergy and ImmunologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Afig Berdeli
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Immunology and RheumatologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Burcu Guven Bilgin
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Immunology and RheumatologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Ayca Aykut
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical GeneticsIzmirTurkey
| | - Asude Durmaz
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical GeneticsIzmirTurkey
| | - Ozgur Cogulu
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical GeneticsIzmirTurkey
| | - Guzide Aksu
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Immunology and RheumatologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Neslihan Edeer Karaca
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Immunology and RheumatologyIzmirTurkey
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14
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Garcovich S, Genovese G, Moltrasio C, Malvaso D, Marzano AV. PASH, PAPASH, PsAPASH, and PASS: The autoinflammatory syndromes of hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Dermatol 2020; 39:240-247. [PMID: 34272017 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease usually involving the major skin folds characterized by a multifactorial pathogenesis and a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. It can also rarely present in association with other diseases as complex clinical syndromes, causing additional diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Different etiopathologic factors contribute to follicular inflammation and suppurative lesions of syndromic HS, including follicular hyperkeratinization and plugging, as well as activation of autoinflammatory pathways. Patients with syndromic HS frequently have a severe disease course, presenting with atypical skin involvement, signs of systemic inflammation, and resistance to conventional treatments. Systematic classification of syndromic HS is based on clinical, pathogenetic, and genetic factors, but it is constantly evolving due to increased disease awareness. Treatment of syndromic HS is difficult and should be personalized on a case-by-case basis. Investigating syndromic HS can lead to useful insights on genetics and pathogenesis, translating into new clinical approaches for sporadic hidradenitis. We review the classification, clinical presentation, disease associations, and therapeutic management of syndromic HS, focusing mainly on its autoinflammatory syndromes PASH, PAPASH, PsAPASH, and PASS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Genovese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Dalma Malvaso
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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15
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The Multi-Omics Architecture of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102301. [PMID: 33076506 PMCID: PMC7602566 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is highly heterogeneous in terms of etiology and clinical presentation with ambiguity in JIA classification. The advance of high-throughput omics technologies in recent years has gained us significant knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of JIA. Besides a minor proportion of JIA cases as monogenic, most JIA cases are polygenic disease caused by autoimmune mechanisms. A number of HLA alleles (including both HLA class I and class II genes), and 23 non-HLA genetic loci have been identified of association with different JIA subtypes. Omics technologies, i.e., transcriptome profiling and epigenomic analysis, contributed significant knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of JIA in addition to the genetic approach. New molecular knowledge on different JIA subtypes enables us to reconsider the JIA classification, but also highlights novel therapeutic targets to develop a cure for the devastating JIA.
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16
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Abstract
Vesicles, pustules and vesiculopustules are frequent in newborns and infants and mostly self-limiting. In order to differentiate the rare life-threatening diseases and to therefore initiate the treatment in a timely manner, knowledge of vesicular, pustular and vesiculopustular dermatoses in early childhood is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Fölster-Holst
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 7, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland.
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17
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Trindade BC, Chen GY. NOD1 and NOD2 in inflammatory and infectious diseases. Immunol Rev 2020; 297:139-161. [PMID: 32677123 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been long recognized that NOD1 and NOD2 are critical players in the host immune response, primarily by their sensing bacterial peptidoglycan-conserved motifs. Significant advances have been made from efforts that characterize their upstream activators, assembly of signaling complexes, and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Disruption in NOD1 and NOD2 signaling has also been associated with impaired host defense and resistance to the development of inflammatory diseases. In this review, we will describe how NOD1 and NOD2 sense microbes and cellular stress to regulate host responses that can affect disease pathogenesis and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno C Trindade
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Grace Y Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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18
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From hepatitis C virus immunoproteomics to rheumatology via cross-reactivity in one table. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2020; 31:488-492. [PMID: 31356379 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To give an overview of molecular and immunologic data that link hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection to rheumatic diseases in the human host. RECENT FINDINGS A high level of peptide sharing exists between immunopositive HCV epitopes and human proteins that, when altered, associate with rheumatic manifestations. SUMMARY The findings suggest the involvement of HCV infection in the induction of most rheumatic diseases via a mechanism of autoimmune cross-reactivity.
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19
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Canna SW, Goldbach-Mansky R. Introduction: Autoinflammatory Syndromes Special Issue-hidden mysteries in the corners of autoinflammation. Int Immunol 2019; 30:181-182. [PMID: 29697820 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Canna
- Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research and Pediatric Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Disease Studies, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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20
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Novel Molecular Targets Participating in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Cardioprotection. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:6935147. [PMID: 31275641 PMCID: PMC6558612 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6935147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and related heart failure remain high. While effective early reperfusion of the criminal coronary artery after a confirmed AMI is the typical treatment at present, collateral myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and pertinent cardioprotection are still challenging to address and have inadequately understood mechanisms. Therefore, unveiling the related novel molecular targets and networks participating in triggering and resisting the pathobiology of MIRI is a promising and valuable frontier. The present study specifically focuses on the recent MIRI advances that are supported by sophisticated bio-methodology in order to bring the poorly understood interrelationship among pro- and anti-MIRI participant molecules up to date, as well as to identify findings that may facilitate the further investigation of novel targets.
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21
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Beck DB, Aksentijevich I. Biochemistry of Autoinflammatory Diseases: Catalyzing Monogenic Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:101. [PMID: 30766537 PMCID: PMC6365650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monogenic autoinflammatory disorders are a group of conditions defined by systemic or localized inflammation without identifiable causes, such as infection. In contrast to classical primary immunodeficiencies that manifest with impaired immune responses, these disorders are due to defects in genes that regulate innate immunity leading to constitutive activation of pro-inflammatory signaling. Through studying patients with rare autoinflammatory conditions, novel mechanisms of inflammation have been identified that bare on our understanding not only of basic signaling in inflammatory cells, but also of the pathogenesis of more common inflammatory diseases and have guided treatment modalities. Autoinflammation has further been implicated as an important component of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic syndromes. In this review, we will focus on a subset of inherited enzymatic deficiencies that lead to constitutive inflammation, and how these rare diseases have provided insights into diverse areas of cell biology not restricted to immune cells. In this way, Mendelian disorders of the innate immune system, and in particular loss of catalytic activity of enzymes in distinct pathways, have expanded our understanding of the interplay between many seemingly disparate cellular processes. We also explore the overlap between autoinflammation, autoimmunity, and immunodeficiency, which has been increasingly recognized in patients with dysregulated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Beck
- Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ivona Aksentijevich
- Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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22
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Neves JF, Doffinger R, Barcena-Morales G, Martins C, Papapietro O, Plagnol V, Curtis J, Martins M, Kumararatne D, Cordeiro AI, Neves C, Borrego LM, Katan M, Nejentsev S. Novel PLCG2 Mutation in a Patient With APLAID and Cutis Laxa. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2863. [PMID: 30619256 PMCID: PMC6302768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The auto-inflammation and phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2)-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (APLAID) syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency caused by a gain-of-function mutation S707Y in the PLCG2 gene previously described in two patients from one family. The APLAID patients presented with early-onset blistering skin lesions, posterior uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and recurrent sinopulmonary infections caused by a humoral defect, but lacked circulating autoantibodies and had no cold-induced urticaria, contrary to the patients with the related PLAID syndrome. Case: We describe a new APLAID patient who presented with vesiculopustular rash in the 1st weeks of life, followed by IBD, posterior uveitis, recurrent chest infections, interstitial pneumonitis, and also had sensorineural deafness and cutis laxa. Her disease has been refractory to most treatments, including IL1 blockers and a trial with ruxolitinib has been attempted. Results: In this patient, we found a unique de novo heterozygous missense L848P mutation in the PLCG2 gene, predicted to affect the PLCγ2 structure. Similarly to S707Y, the L848P mutation led to the increased basal and EGF-stimulated PLCγ2 activity in vitro. Whole blood assays showed reduced production of IFN-γ and IL-17 in response to polyclonal T-cell stimulation and reduced production of IL-10 and IL-1β after LPS stimulation. Reduced IL-1β levels and the lack of clinical response to treatment with IL-1 blockers argue against NLRP3 inflammasome hyperactivation being the main mechanism mediating the APLAID pathogenesis. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that L848P is novel a gain-of-function mutation that leads to PLCγ2 activation and suggest cutis laxa as a possible clinical manifestations of the APLAID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Farela Neves
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia—CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rainer Doffinger
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Barcena-Morales
- Laboratorio de Inmunologia, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Catarina Martins
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Olivier Papapietro
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Plagnol
- University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Curtis
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dinakantha Kumararatne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Isabel Cordeiro
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia—CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Conceição Neves
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia—CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis Miguel Borrego
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
- Immunoallergy Department, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Matilda Katan
- Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey Nejentsev
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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