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Mustafa OM, Daoud YJ. Is Dietary Milk Intake Associated with Cataract Extraction History in Older Adults? An Analysis from the US Population. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:2562875. [PMID: 32148937 PMCID: PMC7053483 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2562875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galactose accumulation in the lens tissue is known to be cataractogenic. Whether consistent dietary intake of lactose-which consists of glucose and galactose-predisposes to senile cataract remains unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the association between a number of dietary milk intake indicators and cataract extraction history in a representative sample of older adults from the US population. Methods and Materials. This is a cross-sectional, population-based study. Participants of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008 who were ≥50 years old and provided a complete history of their usual daily dietary intake were included. Exclusion criteria were special diets, extreme daily energy intake, and missing outcome (i.e., cataract extraction history). Indicators of milk intake used were early-life intake regularity, current daily milk/total dairy intake amounts, and estimated lifelong milk exposure. Odds ratios (OR) and 99% confidence intervals (99% CI) were calculated with fitting weights to better represent the population-based estimates. RESULTS Among the 5930 studied participants, early-life milk intake regularity was not associated with cataract extraction history in age/sex/ethnicity-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted models (p trend = 0.064 and 0.094, respectively). Current daily milk intake was associated with a slight reduction in the likelihood of cataract extraction in the age/sex/ethnicity-adjusted model (OR = 0.885 per cup equivalents, 99% CI = 0.795-0.986) and in the multivariable model (OR = 0.871 per cup equivalents, 99% CI = 0.746-0.993). However, no such association was observed between quartiles of current dietary milk intake and cataract extraction history (p trend = 0.064 and 0.094, respectively). Current daily milk intake was associated with a slight reduction in the likelihood of cataract extraction in the age/sex/ethnicity-adjusted model (OR = 0.885 per cup equivalents, 99% CI = 0.795-0.986) and in the multivariable model (OR = 0.871 per cup equivalents, 99% CI = 0.746-0.993). However, no such association was observed between quartiles of current dietary milk intake and cataract extraction history (p trend = 0.064 and 0.094, respectively). Current daily milk intake was associated with a slight reduction in the likelihood of cataract extraction in the age/sex/ethnicity-adjusted model (OR = 0.885 per cup equivalents, 99% CI = 0.795-0.986) and in the multivariable model (OR = 0.871 per cup equivalents, 99% CI = 0.746-0.993). However, no such association was observed between quartiles of current dietary milk intake and cataract extraction history (. CONCLUSION There appears to be no direct relationship between several indicators of dietary milk consumption and cataract extraction history in the general American population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Mustafa
- Cornea, Cataract, and Refractive Surgery Division, The Johns Hopkins University Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Yassine J. Daoud
- Cornea, Cataract, and Refractive Surgery Division, The Johns Hopkins University Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Wu L, Zeng T, Zinellu A, Rubino S, Kelvin DJ, Carru C. A Cross-Sectional Study of Compositional and Functional Profiles of Gut Microbiota in Sardinian Centenarians. mSystems 2019; 4:4/4/e00325-19. [PMID: 31289141 PMCID: PMC6616150 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00325-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sardinia, Italy, has a high prevalence of residents who live more than 100 years. The reasons for longevity in this isolated region are currently unknown. Gut microbiota may hold a clue. To explore the role gut microbiota may play in healthy aging and longevity, we used metagenomic sequencing to determine the compositional and functional differences in gut microbiota associated with populations of different ages in Sardinia. Our data revealed that the gut microbiota of both young and elderly Sardinians shared similar taxonomic and functional profiles. A different pattern was found in centenarians. Within the centenarian group, the gut microbiota was correlated with the functional independence measurement of the host. Centenarians had a higher diversity of core microbiota species and microbial genes than those in the young and elderly. We found that the gut microbiota in Sardinian centenarians displayed a rearranged taxonomic pattern compared with those of the young and elderly, featured by depletion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Eubacterium rectale and enriched for Methanobrevibacter smithii and Bifidobacterium adolescentis Moreover, functional analysis revealed that the microbiota in centenarians had high capacity for central metabolism, especially glycolysis and fermentation to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), although the gut microbiota in centenarians was low in genes encoding enzymes involved in degradation of carbohydrates, including fibers and galactose.IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota has been proposed as a promising determinant for human health. Centenarians as a model for extreme aging may help us understand the correlation of gut microbiota with healthy aging and longevity. Here we confirmed that centenarians had microbiota elements usually associated with benefits to health. Our finding of a high capacity of glycolysis and related SCFA production represented a healthy microbiome and environment that is regarded as beneficial for host gut epithelium. The low abundance of genes encoding components of pathways involved in carbohydrate degradation was also found in the gut microbiota of Sardinian centenarians and is often associated with poor gut health. Overall, our study here represents an expansion of previous research investigating the age-related changes in gut microbiota. Furthermore, our study provides a new prospective for potential targets for gut microbiota intervention directed at limiting gut inflammation and pathology and enhancing a healthy gut barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wu
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tiansheng Zeng
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rubino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - David J Kelvin
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Camacho-Barcia L, Bulló M, García-Gavilán JF, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Estruch R, Fitó M, Gómez-Gracia E, Arós F, Fiol M, Santos-Lozano JM, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Basora J, Toledo E, Muñoz MA, Zanon-Moreno V, García-Layana A, Salas-Salvadó J. Dairy products intake and the risk of incident cataracts surgery in an elderly Mediterranean population: results from the PREDIMED study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:619-627. [PMID: 29589119 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PROPOSAL The aim of this study was to examine the association between the consumption of total and specific types of dairy products and the risk of incident cataracts in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS We prospectively analyzed 5860 subjects from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study. The time to cataract surgery was calculated as the time between recruitment and the date of the surgery, last visit of the follow-up, date of death, or until the end of the study. Dairy products intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazard regression to assess the risk of cataract surgery according to average dietary energy-adjusted total dairy products, milk, yogurt and cheese consumption. RESULTS We documented a total of 768 new cataract events after a median of 5.6 years of follow-up. Subjects in the second [hazard ratio (HR) 0.62; 95% CI 0.52, 0.74] and third tertile (HR: 0.71; 95% CI 0.60, 0.85) of skimmed yogurt intake had a significantly lower risk of cataracts after adjusting for potential confounders. No significant associations were observed for total dairy products, whole and skimmed milk, whole yogurt and cheese consumption. CONCLUSION The intake of skimmed yogurt was associated with a reduced risk of cataracts in an elderly Mediterranean population with high cardiovascular risk. No significant associations were observed for other type of dairy product. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 35739639. Registration date: 5 October 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Camacho-Barcia
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, St/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, St/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain. .,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús F García-Gavilán
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, St/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Regicor Study Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José M Santos-Lozano
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Family Medicine, San Pablo Health Center, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Basora
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, St/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Emergency Department, Navarra's Hospital Complex, National Health Service-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Muñoz
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Primary Health Care Division, Institut Català de la Salut and Idiap-Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Zanon-Moreno
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía" Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Red Temática de Patología Ocular OFTARED, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, St/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain. .,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Goswami S, Sheets NL, Zavadil J, Chauhan BK, Bottinger EP, Reddy VN, Kantorow M, Cvekl A. Spectrum and range of oxidative stress responses of human lens epithelial cells to H2O2 insult. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003; 44:2084-93. [PMID: 12714647 PMCID: PMC2080867 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.02-0882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress (OS) is believed to be a major contributor to age-related cataract and other age-related diseases. METHODS cDNA microarrays were used to identify the spectrum and range of genes with transcript levels that are altered in response to acute H(2)O(2)-induced OS in human lens epithelial (HLE) cells. HLE cells were treated with 50 microM H(2)O(2) for 1 hour in the absence of serum, followed by a return to complete medium. RNAs were prepared from treated and untreated cells at 0, 1, 2, and 8 hours after H(2)O(2) treatment. RESULTS The data showed 1171 genes that were significantly up- and downregulated in response to H(2)O(2) treatment. Several functional subcategories of genes were identified, including those encoding DNA repair proteins, antioxidant defense enzymes, molecular chaperones, protein biosynthesis enzymes, and trafficking and degradation proteins. Differential expression of selected genes was confirmed at the level of RNA and/or protein. Many of the identified genes (e.g., glutathione S-transferase [MGST2], thioredoxin reductase beta, and peroxiredoxin 2) have been identified as participants in OS responses in the lens and other systems. Some genes induced by OS in the current study (e.g., oxygen regulated protein [ORP150] and heat shock protein [HSP40]) are better known to respond to other forms of stress. Two genes (receptor tyrosine kinase [AXL/ARK] and protein phosphatase 2A) are known to be differentially expressed in cataract. Most of the genes point to a novel pathways associated with OS. CONCLUSIONS The present data provide a global perspective on those genes that respond to acute OS, point to novel genes and pathways associated with OS, and set the groundwork for understanding the functions of OS-related genes in lens protection and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Goswami
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nancy L. Sheets
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Jiři Zavadil
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Bharesh K. Chauhan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Venkat N. Reddy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Marc Kantorow
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Aleš Cvekl
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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