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Meng X, Lou H, Zhai S, Zhang R, Liu G, Xu W, Yu J, Zhang Y, Ni Z, Sun Q, Xing J, Li B. TaNAM-6A is essential for nitrogen remobilisation and regulates grain protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2310-2321. [PMID: 38494960 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Grain protein content (GPC) is a crucial quality trait in bread wheat, which is influenced by the key transcription factor TaNAM. However, the regulatory mechanisms of TaNAM have remained largely elusive. In this study, a new role of TaNAM was unveiled in regulating nitrogen remobilisation which impacts GPC. The TaNAM knockout mutants generated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 exhibited significantly delayed senescence and lower GPC, while overexpression of TaNAM-6A resulted in premature senility and much higher GPC. Further analysis revealed that TaNAM directly activates the genes TaNRT1.1 and TaNPF5.5s, which are involved in nitrogen remobilisation. This activity aids in the transfer of nitrogen from leaves to grains for protein synthesis. In addition, an elite allele of TaNAM-6A, associated with high GPC, was identified as a candidate gene for breeding high-quality wheat. Overall, our work not only elucidates the potential mechanism of TaNAM-6A affecting bread wheat GPC, but also highlights the significance of nitrogen remobilisation from senescent leaves to grains for protein accumulation. Moreover, our research provides a new target and approach for improving the quality traits of wheat, particularly the GPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Meng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyao Lou
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhai
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Runqi Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyu Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiya Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazheng Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiewen Xing
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Sahay S, Grzybowski M, Schnable JC, Głowacka K. Genotype-specific nonphotochemical quenching responses to nitrogen deficit are linked to chlorophyll a to b ratios. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 297:154261. [PMID: 38705078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) protects plants from photodamage caused by excess light energy. Substantial variation in NPQ has been reported among different genotypes of the same species. However, comparatively little is known about how environmental perturbations, including nutrient deficits, impact natural variation in NPQ kinetics. Here, we analyzed a natural variation in NPQ kinetics of a diversity panel of 225 maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under nitrogen replete and nitrogen deficient field conditions. Individual maize genotypes from a diversity panel exhibited a range of changes in NPQ in response to low nitrogen. Replicated genotypes exhibited consistent responses across two field experiments conducted in different years. At the seedling and pre-flowering stages, a similar portion of the genotypes (∼33%) showed decrease, no-change or increase in NPQ under low nitrogen relative to control. Genotypes with increased NPQ under low nitrogen also showed greater reductions in dry biomass and photosynthesis than genotypes with stable NPQ when exposed to low nitrogen conditions. Maize genotypes where an increase in NPQ was observed under low nitrogen also exhibited a reduction in the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b. Our results underline that since thermal dissipation of excess excitation energy measured via NPQ helps to balance the energy absorbed with energy utilized, the NPQ changes are the reflection of broader molecular and biochemical changes which occur under the stresses such as low soil fertility. Here, we have demonstrated that variation in NPQ kinetics resulted from genetic and environmental factors, are not independent of each other. Natural genetic variation controlling plastic responses of NPQ kinetics to environmental perturbation increases the likelihood it will be possible to optimize NPQ kinetics in crop plants for different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Sahay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Marcin Grzybowski
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - James C Schnable
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
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Kaushik M, Mulani E, Kumar A, Chauhan H, Saini MR, Bharati A, Gayatri, Iyyappan Y, Madhavan J, Sevanthi AM, Mandal PK. Starch and storage protein dynamics in the developing and matured grains of durum wheat and diploid progenitor species. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131177. [PMID: 38583842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Durum wheat, less immunogenically intolerant than bread wheat, originates from diploid progenitors known for nutritional quality and stress tolerance. Present study involves the analysis of major grain parameters, viz. size, weight, sugar, starch, and protein content of Triticum durum (AABB genome) and its diploid progenitors, Triticum monococcum (AA genome) and Aegilops speltoides (BB genome). Samples were collected during 2-5 weeks after anthesis (WAA), and at maturity. The investigation revealed that T. durum displayed the maximum grain size and weight. Expression analysis of Grain Weight 2 (GW2) and Glutamine Synthase (GS2), negative and positive regulators of grain weight and size, respectively, revealed higher GW2 expression in Ae. speltoides and higher GS2 expression in T. durum. Further we explored total starch, sugar and protein content, observing higher levels of starch and sugar in durum wheat while AA genome species exhibited higher protein content dominated by the fractions of albumin/globulin. HPLC profiling revealed unique sub-fractions in all three genome species. Additionally, a comparative transcriptome analysis also corroborated with the starch and protein content in the grains. This study provides valuable insights into the genetic and biochemical distinctions among durum wheat and its diploid progenitors, offering a foundation for their nutritional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Kaushik
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ekta Mulani
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Manish Ranjan Saini
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Alka Bharati
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gayatri
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Yuvaraj Iyyappan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Jayanthi Madhavan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amitha Mithra Sevanthi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
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Li X, Gu Y, Kayoumu M, Muhammad N, Wang X, Gui H, Luo T, Wang Q, Wumaierjiang X, Ruan S, Iqbal A, Zhang X, Song M, Dong Q. Systematic characterization of Gossypium GLN family genes reveals a potential function of GhGLN1.1a regulates nitrogen use efficiency in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:313. [PMID: 38654158 PMCID: PMC11036627 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The enzyme glutamine synthetase (GLN) is mainly responsible for the assimilation and reassimilation of nitrogen (N) in higher plants. Although the GLN gene has been identified in various plants, there is little information about the GLN family in cotton (Gossypium spp.). To elucidate the roles of GLN genes in cotton, we systematically investigated and characterized the GLN gene family across four cotton species (G. raimondii, G. arboreum, G. hirsutum, and G. barbadense). Our analysis encompassed analysis of members, gene structure, cis-element, intragenomic duplication, and exploration of collinear relationships. Gene duplication analysis indicated that segmental duplication was the primary driving force for the expansion of the GhGLN gene family. Transcriptomic and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that the GhGLN1.1a gene is responsive to N induction treatment and several abiotic stresses. The results of virus-induced gene silencing revealed that the accumulation and N use efficiency (NUE) of cotton were affected by the inactivation of GhGLN1.1a. This study comprehensively analyzed the GhGLN genes in Gossypium spp., and provides a new perspective on the functional roles of GhGLN1.1a in regulating NUE in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yunqi Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Mirezhatijiang Kayoumu
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Huiping Gui
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Tong Luo
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xieraili Wumaierjiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Sijia Ruan
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, 21120, Pakistan
| | - Xiling Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Meizhen Song
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Qiang Dong
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology /Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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5
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Biradar SS, Patil MK, Desai SA, Singh SK, Naik VR, Lamani K, Joshi AK. Nitrogen use efficiency in bread wheat: Genetic variation and prospects for improvement. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294755. [PMID: 38598487 PMCID: PMC11006162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the primary macronutrients required for crop growth and yield. This nutrient is especially limiting wheat yields in the dry and low fertile agro-ecologies having low N in the root zone soil strata. Moreover, majority of farmers in India and South Asia are small to marginal with meagre capacity to invest in costly nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, there is an immense need to identify lines that use nitrogen efficiently. A set of 50 diverse wheat genotypes consisting of indigenous germplasm lines (05), cultivars released for commercial cultivation (23) and selected elite lines from CIMMYT nurseries (22) were evaluated in an alpha-lattice design with two replications, a six-rowed plot of 2.5m length for 24 agro morphological, physiological and NUE related traits during two consecutive crop seasons in an N-depleted precision field under two different N levels of 50%-N50 (T1) and 100%-N100 (T2) of recommended N, i.e., 100 kg/ha. Analysis of variance revealed significant genetic variation among genotypes for all the traits studied. About 11.36% yield reduction was observed at reduced N levels. Significant correlations among NUE traits and yield component traits were observed which indicated pivotal role of N remobilization to the grain in enhancing yield levels. Among N-insensitive genotypes identified based on their yielding ability at low N levels, UASBW13356, UASBW13358, UASBW13354, UASBW13357 and KRL1-4 showed their inherent genotypic plasticity toward N application. The genotypes with more yield and high to moderate NUtE can be used as parents for the breeding of N efficient genotypes for marginal agro-ecologies. Low N tolerant genotypes identified from the current investigation may be further utilized in the identification of genomic regions responsible for NUE and its deployment in wheat breeding programs. The comprehensive data of 24 traits under different nitrogen levels for diverse genotypes from India and global sources (mainly CIMMYT) should be useful for supporting breeding for NUE and thus will be of great help for small and marginal farmers in India and South Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suma S. Biradar
- AICRP on Wheat, MARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Mahalaxmi K. Patil
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - S. A. Desai
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Sanjay K. Singh
- Genetics Division, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - V. Rudra Naik
- Directorate of Research, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Kumar Lamani
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
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Zhong D, Chi Y, Ding J, Zhao N, Zeng L, Liu P, Huang Z, Zhou L. Decoupling of nitrogen allocation and energy partitioning in rice after flowering. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11297. [PMID: 38623520 PMCID: PMC11017445 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Estimation of energy partitioning at leaf scale, such as fluorescence yield (ΦF) and photochemical yield (ΦP), is crucial to tracking vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP) at global scale. Nitrogen is an important participant in the process of light capture, electron transfer, and carboxylation in vegetation photosynthesis. However, the quantitative relationship between leaf nitrogen allocation and leaf energy partitioning remains unexplored. Here, a field experiment was established to explore growth stage variations in energy partitioning and nitrogen allocation at leaf scale using active fluorescence detection and photosynthetic gas exchange method in rice in the subtropical region of China. We observed a strongly positive correlation between the investment proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system and ΦF during the vegetative growth stage. There were significant differences in leaf energy partitioning, leaf nitrogen allocation, and the relationship between ΦF and ΦP before and after flowering. Furthermore, flowering weakened the correlation between the investment proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system and ΦF. These findings highlight the crucial role of phenological factors in exploring seasonal photosynthetic dynamics and carbon fixation of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duwei Zhong
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Yonggang Chi
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianxi Ding
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Linhui Zeng
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Pai Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Zhi Huang
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Geography and Environmental SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Atero-Calvo S, Izquierdo-Ramos MJ, García-Huertas C, Rodríguez-Alcántara M, Navarro-Morillo I, Navarro-León E. An Evaluation of the Effectivity of the Green Leaves Biostimulant on Lettuce Growth, Nutritional Quality, and Mineral Element Efficiencies under Optimal Growth Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:917. [PMID: 38611447 PMCID: PMC11013046 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The use of biostimulants is becoming a useful tool for increasing crop productivity while enhancing nutritional quality. However, new studies are necessary to confirm that the joint application of different types of biostimulants, together with bioactive compounds, is effective and not harmful to plants. This study examined the impact of applying the biostimulant Green Leaves, comprising Macrocystis algae extract and containing a mixture of amino acids, corn steep liquor extract, calcium, and the bioactive compound glycine betaine. The effect of applying two different doses (3 and 5 mL L-1) of this biostimulant was evaluated on lettuce plants, and growth and quality parameters were analyzed along with photosynthetic efficiency, nutritional status, and nutrient efficiency parameters. The application of Green Leaves improved plant weight (25%) and leaf area and enhanced the photosynthetic rate, the accumulation of soluble sugars and proteins, and the agronomic efficiency of all essential nutrients. The 3 mL L-1 dose improved the nutritional quality of lettuce plants, improving the concentration of phenolic compounds and ascorbate and the antioxidant capacity and reducing NO3- accumulation. The 5 mL L-1 dose improved the absorption of most nutrients, especially N, which reduced the need for fertilizers, thus reducing costs and environmental impact. In short, the Green Leaves product has been identified as a useful product for obtaining higher yield and better quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Atero-Calvo
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.-C.); (M.J.I.-R.); (C.G.-H.); (M.R.-A.)
| | - María José Izquierdo-Ramos
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.-C.); (M.J.I.-R.); (C.G.-H.); (M.R.-A.)
| | - Carmen García-Huertas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.-C.); (M.J.I.-R.); (C.G.-H.); (M.R.-A.)
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Alcántara
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.-C.); (M.J.I.-R.); (C.G.-H.); (M.R.-A.)
| | | | - Eloy Navarro-León
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.-C.); (M.J.I.-R.); (C.G.-H.); (M.R.-A.)
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8
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Melak E, Sebnie W, Esubalew T, Lamesgn H, Abera M, Asmelie T. Response of tef yield and yield components to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299861. [PMID: 38502649 PMCID: PMC10950245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The challenge facing Ethiopian farmers are the combination of low soil fertility and reduced agricultural productivity. The study aimed to quantify nitrogen and phosphorus-containing fertilizers for tef production in Sekota and Lasta-Lalibela districts, using four nitrogen and three phosphorus levels from urea and triple super phosphate sources. The Results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers significantly affected tef yield and yield components. Application of nitrogen at the rate of 92 kg ha-1 increased tef grain yield by 131.01%, 87.78% and 182.23% in Woleh, Sayda and Lasta Lalibela districts, respectively, compared to control treatment. Similarly, 23 kg ha-1 phosphorus increased tef grain yield by 7.42 and 8.52% in Woleh and Lasta Lalibela, respectively. In Lalibela and Woleh, the application of 92 kg N ha-1 resulted in a maximum net benefits of 2099.6 and 2007 United States Dollar (USD) respectively. Furthermore, in Sayda, the application of 92 kg N ha-1 and 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 yielded a net benefit of 1812.55 USD. The marginal rate of return (MRR) from these applications was 539.6% in Lalibela, 781% in Woleh and 352.44% in Sayda. Therefore, application of 92 N and 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 is appropriate for maximum tef production in Sekota and Lasta districts of Amhara region. Further research and extension services should focus on promoting the adoption of these optimized fertilizer practices among smallholder farmers to maximize the sustainable production of tef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewunetie Melak
- Soil and Water Research Directorate, Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center, Sekota, Ethiopia
| | - Workat Sebnie
- Soil and Water Research Directorate, Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center, Sekota, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Esubalew
- Soil and Water Research Directorate, Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center, Sekota, Ethiopia
| | - Haymanot Lamesgn
- Soil and Water Research Directorate, Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center, Sekota, Ethiopia
| | - Messay Abera
- Soil and Water Research Directorate, Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center, Sekota, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfa Asmelie
- Soil and Water Research Directorate, Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center, Sekota, Ethiopia
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9
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Rubio-Asensio JS, Saitta D, Intrigliolo DS. Moderate salinity and high ammonium/nitrate ratio enhance early growth in "summer wonder" lettuce cultivar. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 294:154183. [PMID: 38295651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Because its impact in plant development and growth and its interaction with Na+ and Cl-, the supply of different N-forms to crops can be an easy-to-use tool with effective results on salinity tolerance. Here the effect of four N-NO3-/N-NH4+ ratios (mM; 2/0, 1.6/0.4, 0.4/1.6, 0/2) on adaptation to salt conditions (15 mM NaCl in a first experiment and 40 mM NaCl in a second experiment) was studied in young lettuce (cv "Summer wonder") plants. The experiments were carried out in greenhouse and under hydroponics conditions. The results show that this cultivar tolerates and adapts to moderate salinity by deploying several structural and physiological mechanisms; (i) increasing allocation of biomass to the root, (ii) increasing root Na+ uptake and storing it in the shoot and root tissues, (iii) increasing intrinsic water use efficiency and (iv) increasing root N and P uptake. The beneficial effect of salt exposure on growth was greater when the predominant N-form was N-NO3-. These plants with higher tissue N-NO3- concentration, decreased Cl- uptake and shoot and root Cl- concentration. Regardless of salt conditions, plants with a high proportion of N-NH4+ (1.6 mM) and a low proportion of N-NO3- (0.4 mM) had a greater growth and nitrogen use efficiency, that was associated with the improved uptake of nutrients, and the maintenance of water status.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Salvador Rubio-Asensio
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Daniela Saitta
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego S Intrigliolo
- Dept. Ecology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Centro de Investigación sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Carretera CV-315, km 10.7, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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10
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Huang Y, Ji Z, Zhang S, Li S. Function of hormone signaling in regulating nitrogen-use efficiency in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 294:154191. [PMID: 38335845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients for crop plant performance, however, the excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture significantly increases production costs and causes severe environmental problems. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms of N-use efficiency (NUE) with the aim of developing new crop varieties that combine high yields with improved NUE is an urgent goal for achieving more sustainable agriculture. Plant NUE is a complex trait that is affected by multiple factors, of which hormones are known to play pivotal roles. In this review, we focus on the interaction between the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of plant hormones with N metabolism, and summarize recent studies on the interplay between hormones and N, including how N regulates multiple hormone biosynthesis, transport and signaling and how hormones modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to external N sources. Finally, we explore potential strategies for promoting crop NUE by modulating hormone synthesis, transport and signaling. This provides insights for future breeding of N-efficient crop varieties and the advancement of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Ji
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Ndlovu N, Kachapur RM, Beyene Y, Das B, Ogugo V, Makumbi D, Spillane C, McKeown PC, Prasanna BM, Gowda M. Linkage mapping and genomic prediction of grain quality traits in tropical maize ( Zea mays L.). Front Genet 2024; 15:1353289. [PMID: 38456017 PMCID: PMC10918846 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1353289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The suboptimal productivity of maize systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a pressing issue, with far-reaching implications for food security, nutrition, and livelihood sustainability within the affected smallholder farming communities. Dissecting the genetic basis of grain protein, starch and oil content can increase our understanding of the governing genetic systems, improve the efficacy of future breeding schemes and optimize the end-use quality of tropical maize. Here, four bi-parental maize populations were evaluated in field trials in Kenya and genotyped with mid-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Genotypic (G), environmental (E) and G×E variations were found to be significant for all grain quality traits. Broad sense heritabilities exhibited substantial variation (0.18-0.68). Linkage mapping identified multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the studied grain quality traits: 13, 7, 33, 8 and 2 QTLs for oil content, protein content, starch content, grain texture and kernel weight, respectively. The co-localization of QTLs identified in our research suggests the presence of shared genetic factors or pleiotropic effects, implying that specific genomic regions influence the expression of multiple grain quality traits simultaneously. Genomic prediction accuracies were moderate to high for the studied traits. Our findings highlight the polygenic nature of grain quality traits and demonstrate the potential of genomic selection to enhance genetic gains in maize breeding. Furthermore, the identified genomic regions and single nucleotide polymorphism markers can serve as the groundwork for investigating candidate genes that regulate grain quality traits in tropical maize. This, in turn, can facilitate the implementation of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs focused on improving grain nutrient levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Ndlovu
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rajashekar M. Kachapur
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Yoseph Beyene
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Biswanath Das
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Veronica Ogugo
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dan Makumbi
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Charles Spillane
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter C. McKeown
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Manje Gowda
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
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12
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Xing J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wei X, Yin Z, Zhang Y, Pu A, Dong Z, Long Y, Wan X. Mining genic resources regulating nitrogen-use efficiency based on integrative biological analyses and their breeding applications in maize and other crops. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1148-1164. [PMID: 37967146 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential factor for limiting crop yields, and cultivation of crops with low nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) exhibits increasing environmental and ecological risks. Hence, it is crucial to mine valuable NUE improvement genes, which is very important to develop and breed new crop varieties with high NUE in sustainable agriculture system. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis are the most common methods for dissecting genetic variations underlying complex traits. In addition, with the advancement of biotechnology, multi-omics technologies can be used to accelerate the process of exploring genetic variations. In this study, we integrate the substantial data of QTLs, quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) from GWAS, and multi-omics data including transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome and further analyze their interactions to predict some NUE-related candidate genes. We also provide the genic resources for NUE improvement among maize, rice, wheat, and sorghum by homologous alignment and collinearity analysis. Furthermore, we propose to utilize the knowledge gained from classical cases to provide the frameworks for improving NUE and breeding N-efficient varieties through integrated genomics, systems biology, and modern breeding technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Xing
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Zechao Yin
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Aqing Pu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan Long
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
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13
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Cao H, Liu Z, Guo J, Jia Z, Shi Y, Kang K, Peng W, Wang Z, Chen L, Neuhaeuser B, Wang Y, Liu X, Hao D, Yuan L. ZmNRT1.1B (ZmNPF6.6) determines nitrogen use efficiency via regulation of nitrate transport and signalling in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:316-329. [PMID: 37786281 PMCID: PMC10826987 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3 - ) is crucial for optimal plant growth and development and often limits crop productivity under low availability. In comparison with model plant Arabidopsis, the molecular mechanisms underlying NO3 - acquisition and utilization remain largely unclear in maize. In particular, only a few genes have been exploited to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Here, we demonstrated that NO3 - -inducible ZmNRT1.1B (ZmNPF6.6) positively regulated NO3 - -dependent growth and NUE in maize. We showed that the tandem duplicated proteoform ZmNRT1.1C is irrelevant to maize seedling growth under NO3 - supply; however, the loss of function of ZmNRT1.1B significantly weakened plant growth under adequate NO3 - supply under both hydroponic and field conditions. The 15 N-labelled NO3 - absorption assay indicated that ZmNRT1.1B mediated the high-affinity NO3 - -transport and root-to-shoot NO3 - translocation. Transcriptome analysis further showed, upon NO3 - supply, ZmNRT1.1B promotes cytoplasmic-to-nuclear shuttling of ZmNLP3.1 (ZmNLP8), which co-regulates the expression of genes involved in NO3 - response, cytokinin biosynthesis and carbon metabolism. Remarkably, overexpression of ZmNRT1.1B in modern maize hybrids improved grain yield under N-limiting fields. Taken together, our study revealed a crucial role of ZmNRT1.1B in high-affinity NO3 - transport and signalling and offers valuable genetic resource for breeding N use efficient high-yield cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huairong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia Guo
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biotechnology of Jilin ProvincialInstitute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JAAS)JilinChina
| | - Zhongtao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yandong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kai Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wushuang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhangkui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Limei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Benjamin Neuhaeuser
- Department of Nutritional Crop Physiology, Institute of Crop ScienceUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Yong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandongChina
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biotechnology of Jilin ProvincialInstitute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JAAS)JilinChina
| | - Dongyun Hao
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biotechnology of Jilin ProvincialInstitute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JAAS)JilinChina
| | - Lixing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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14
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Fowler A, Basso B, Maureira F, Millar N, Ulbrich R, Brinton WF. Spatial patterns of historical crop yields reveal soil health attributes in US Midwest fields. Sci Rep 2024; 14:465. [PMID: 38172239 PMCID: PMC10764739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Attaining high crop yields and increasing carbon storage in agricultural soils, while avoiding negative environmental impacts on water quality, soil erosion, and biodiversity, requires accurate and precise management of crop inputs and management practices. The long-term analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of crop yields provides insights on how yields vary in a field, with parts of field constantly producing either high yields or low yields and other parts that fluctuate from one year to the next. The concept of yield stability has shown to be informative on how plants translate the effects of environmental conditions (e.g., soil, climate, topography) across the field and over the years in the final yield, and as a valuable layer in developing prescription maps of variable fertilizer rate inputs. Using known relationships between soil health and crop yields, we hypothesize that areas with measured constantly low yield will return low carbon to the soil affecting its heath. On this premises, yield stability zones (YSZ) provide an effective and practical integrative measure of the small-scale variability of soil health on a field relative basis. We tested this hypothesis by measuring various metrics of soil health from commercial farmers' fields in the north central Midwest of the USA in samples replicated across YSZ, using a soil test suite commonly used by producers and stakeholders active in agricultural carbon credits markets. We found that the use of YSZ allowed us to successfully partition field-relative soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil health metrics into statistically distinct regions. Low and stable (LS) yield zones were statistically lower in normalized SOC when compared to high and stable (HS) and unstable (US) yield zones. The drivers of the yield differences within a field are a series of factors ranging from climate, topography and soil. LS zones occur in areas of compacted soil layers or shallow soils (edge of the field) on steeper slopes. The US zones occurring with high water flow accumulation, were more dependent on topography and rainfall. The differences in the components of the overall soil health score (SHS) between these YSZ increased with sample depth suggesting a deeper topsoil in the US and HS zones, driven by the accumulation of water, nutrients, and carbon downslope. Comparison of the field management provided initial evidence that zero tillage reduces the magnitude of the variance in SOC and soil health metrics between the YSZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ames Fowler
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Bruno Basso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.
- W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, 3700 E. Gull Lake Dr. Hickory Corners, Michigan, MI, 49060, USA.
| | - Fidel Maureira
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Neville Millar
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Ruben Ulbrich
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - William F Brinton
- Woods End Laboratories, 290 Belgrade Rd, Mt Vernon, Augusta, ME, 04352, USA
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15
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Wang M, Wang Y, Wang X, Wei G, Yang H, Yang X, Shen T, Qu H, Fang S, Wu Z. Integrated physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomics analyses reveal the underlying mechanisms of high nitrogen use efficiency of black sesame. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108205. [PMID: 38035467 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cultivating high nitrogen use efficient varieties is a sustainable solution to mitigating adverse effects on the environment caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer application. However, in sesame, although immoderate nitrogen fertilizers are used to promote yield, the molecular basis of high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is largely unknown. Hence, this study aimed to identify high NUE black sesame variety and dissect the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms. To achieve this, seventeen seedling traits of 30 black sesame varieties were evaluated under low nitrogen (LN) and high nitrogen (HN) conditions. Dry matter accumulation, root parameters, shoot nitrogen accumulation, and chlorophyll content are important factors for evaluating the NUE of sesame genotypes. The variety 17-156 was identified as the most efficient for N utilization. Comparative physiological and transcriptomics analyses revealed that 17-156 possesses a sophisticated nitrogen metabolizing machinery to uptake and assimilate higher quantities of inorganic nitrogen into amino acids and proteins, and simultaneously improving carbon metabolism and growth. Specifically, the total nitrogen and soluble protein contents significantly increased with the increase in nitrogen concentrations. Many important genes, including nitrate transporters (NPFs), amino acid metabolism-related (GS, GOGAT, GDH, etc.), phytohormone-related, and transcription factors, were significantly up-regulated in 17-156 under HN condition. In addition, 38 potential candidate genes were identified for future studies toward improving sesame's NUE. These findings offer valuable resources for deciphering the regulatory network of nitrogen metabolism and developing sesame cultivars with improved NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Guangwei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Huiyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Tinghai Shen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Huijie Qu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Sheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Ziming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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16
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Seo JS, Kim SH, Shim JS, Um T, Oh N, Park T, Kim YS, Oh SJ, Kim JK. The rice NUCLEAR FACTOR-YA5 and MICRORNA169a module promotes nitrogen utilization during nitrogen deficiency. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:491-510. [PMID: 37723121 PMCID: PMC10756765 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant growth and development. Therefore, understanding its utilization is essential for improving crop productivity. However, much remains to be learned about plant N sensing and signaling. Here, rice (Oryza sativa) NUCLEAR FACTOR-YA5 (OsNF-YA5) expression was tightly regulated by N status and induced under N-deficient conditions. Overexpression (OE) of OsNF-YA5 in rice resulted in increased chlorophyll levels and delayed senescence compared to control plants under normal N conditions. Agronomic traits were significantly improved in OE plants and impaired in knockout mutants under N-deficient conditions. Using a dexamethasone-inducible system, we identified the putative targets of OsNF-YA5 that include amino acid, nitrate/peptide transporters, and NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1A (OsNRT1.1A), which functions as a key transporter in rice. OsNF-YA5 directly enhanced OsNRT1.1A expression and N uptake rate under N-deficient conditions. Besides, overexpression of OsNF-YA5 also enhanced the expression of GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1/2 (GS1/2) and GLUTAMINE OXOGLUTARATE AMINOTRANSFERASE 1/2 (GOGAT1/2), increasing free amino acid contents under N-deficient conditions. Osa-miR169a expression showed an opposite pattern with OsNF-YA5 depending on N status. Further analysis revealed that osa-miR169a negatively regulates OsNF-YA5 expression and N utilization, demonstrating that an OsNF-YA5/osa-miR169a module tightly regulates rice N utilization for adaptation to N status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Seo
- GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Taeyoung Um
- GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Nuri Oh
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Taehyeon Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Youn Shic Kim
- GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Se-Jun Oh
- LaSemilla Co. Ltd., Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- GreenBio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- LaSemilla Co. Ltd., Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
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17
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Kruczyńska A, Kuźniar A, Banach A, Jurczyk S, Podlewski J, Słomczewski A, Marzec-Grządziel A, Sochaczewska A, Gałązka A, Wolińska A. Changes in the mycobiome structure in response to reduced nitrogen fertilization in two cropping systems of maize. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166343. [PMID: 37591379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for plant productivity; hence, it is abundantly applied to the soil in the form of organic or chemical fertilizers, which consequently have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to investigate the structure and richness of the soil mycobiome in response to reduced nitrogen fertilization under two cropping systems: plowing (P) and no-till (NT). Moreover, the scope of the study perfectly falls into the EU "From Field to Table" strategy, which recommends a 20 % reduction of nitrogen fertilization of agricultural soils by 2030. In our study, the samples were collected twice during a single growing season: before maize sowing (without fertilization) and after harvesting the crop (four different fertilization rates). The mycobiome structure was identified based on the next generation sequencing (NGS) technique. Overall, our research has proved that the cropping system is important in terms of the formation of the fungal mycobiome structure and relative abundance. In addition, we confirmed that soil properties have a significant impact on fungal communities. We determined that a 20 % lower nitrogen fertilization rate (92.0 kg N ha-1) had a positive effect on the abundance of fungal communities. Moreover, the highest biodiversity at each of the taxonomic levels tested (phylum, class, genus) in the NT system and at the class and genus levels in the P system was also evidenced at the 20 % lower N fertilization rate. We also recommended potential indicators confirming the positive impact of reduced fertilization in two cropping systems: plowing - Epicoccum, Metarhizium, Mycosphaerella, and Paraconiothyrium and no-till - Peziza, Podospora, Metarhizium, Trechispora, and Umbelopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kruczyńska
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I Str., Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kuźniar
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I Str., Lublin, Poland.
| | - Artur Banach
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I Str., Lublin, Poland.
| | - Sara Jurczyk
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H Str., Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jacek Podlewski
- Potulicka Foundation Economic Center, Wojnowo 5, Sicienko, Poland.
| | | | - Anna Marzec-Grządziel
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, Department of Agriculture Microbiology, Czartoryskich 8 Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Anna Sochaczewska
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I Str., Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Gałązka
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, Department of Agriculture Microbiology, Czartoryskich 8 Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Wolińska
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I Str., Lublin, Poland.
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18
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Fortunato S, Nigro D, Lasorella C, Marcotuli I, Gadaleta A, de Pinto MC. The Role of Glutamine Synthetase (GS) and Glutamate Synthase (GOGAT) in the Improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereals. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1771. [PMID: 38136642 PMCID: PMC10742212 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereals are the most broadly produced crops and represent the primary source of food worldwide. Nitrogen (N) is a critical mineral nutrient for plant growth and high yield, and the quality of cereal crops greatly depends on a suitable N supply. In the last decades, a massive use of N fertilizers has been achieved in the desire to have high yields of cereal crops, leading to damaging effects for the environment, ecosystems, and human health. To ensure agricultural sustainability and the required food source, many attempts have been made towards developing cereal crops with a more effective nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). NUE depends on N uptake, utilization, and lastly, combining the capability to assimilate N into carbon skeletons and remobilize the N assimilated. The glutamine synthetase (GS)/glutamate synthase (GOGAT) cycle represents a crucial metabolic step of N assimilation, regulating crop yield. In this review, the physiological and genetic studies on GS and GOGAT of the main cereal crops will be examined, giving emphasis on their implications in NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Fortunato
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.F.)
| | - Domenica Nigro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Cecilia Lasorella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.F.)
| | - Ilaria Marcotuli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Maria Concetta de Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.F.)
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Wu X, Zhou X, Wang S, Wang Z, Huang P, Pu W, Peng Y, Fan X, Gao J, Li Z. Overexpression of a nitrate transporter NtNPF2.11 increases nitrogen accumulation and yield in tobacco. Gene 2023; 885:147715. [PMID: 37591325 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the key essential macronutrient for crop growth and yield. Over-application of inorganic N fertilizer in fields generated serious environmental pollution and had a negative impact to human health. Therefore, improving crop N use efficiency (NUE) is helpful for sustainable agriculture. The biological functions of nitrogen transporters and regulators have been intensively studied in many crop species. However, only a few nitrogen transporters have been identified in tobacco to date. We reported the identification and functional characterization of a nitrate transporter NtNPF2.11 from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). qRT-PCR assay revealed that NtNPF2.11 was mainly expressed in leaf and vein. Under middle N (MN, 1.57 kg N/100 m2) and high N (HN, 2.02 kg N/100 m2) conditions, overexpression of NtNPF2.11 in tobacco greatly improved N utilization and biomass. Moreover, under middle N and high N conditions, the expression of genes for nitrate assimilation, such as NtNR1, NtNiR, NtGS and NtGOGAT, were upregulated in NtNPF2.11 overexpression plants. Compared with WT, overexpression of NtNPF2.11 increased potassium (K) accumulation under high N conditions. These results indicated that overexpression of NtNPF2.11 could increase tobacco yield, N and K accumulation under higher N conditions. Overall, these findings improve our understanding the function of NtNPF2.11 and provide useful gene for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Wu
- Puai Medical College, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Shuaibin Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Zhangying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Pingjun Huang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Wenxuan Pu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha 410007, China.
| | - Zhaowu Li
- Puai Medical College, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China.
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Qi Z, Ling F, Jia D, Cui J, Zhang Z, Xu C, Yu L, Guan C, Wang Y, Zhang M, Dou J. Effects of low nitrogen on seedling growth, photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of rice varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19780. [PMID: 37957233 PMCID: PMC10643607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen plays a significant role in influencing various physiological processes in plants, thereby impacting their ability to withstand abiotic stresses. This study used hydroponics to compare the effects of three nitrogen supply levels (1N, 1/2N and 1/4N) on the antioxidant capacity of rice varieties JJ88 (nitrogen efficient) and XN999 (nitrogen inefficient) with different nitrogen use efficiencies. The results show that compared with the XN999 variety, the JJ88 variety has stronger adaptability to low-nitrogen conditions, which is mainly reflected in the relatively small decrease in dry weight and net photosynthetic rate (Pn); In the early stage of low-nitrogen treatment (0-7 d), the [Formula: see text] production rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of JJ88 variety increased relatively slightly, but the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide The activity of enzyme (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased significantly; After low-nitrogen treatment, the ASA-GSH cycle enzyme activity of JJ88 variety was relatively high, and the dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity after 14 days of low-nitrogen treatment was higher than that of 1N treatment; The content of reduced ascorbic acid (ASA) in non-enzymatic antioxidants was lower than that of 1N treatment after 14 days of low nitrogen treatment; The contents of oxidized dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and carotenoids (Car) were higher than those of 1N treatment after 21d and 14d of low nitrogen treatment respectively; The contents of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and proline (Pro) showed a larger upward trend during the entire low-nitrogen treatment period. In summary, the JJ88 rice variety has a strong ability to regulate oxidative stress and osmotic damage under low nitrogen conditions. It can slow down plant damage by regulating antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant content. This provides a basis for achieving nitrogen reduction and efficiency improvement in rice and the breeding of nitrogen-efficient varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Qi
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Fenglou Ling
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Dongsheng Jia
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhian Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Chen Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Research, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Lintian Yu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Chenglong Guan
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ye Wang
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jiaqi Dou
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
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Kimutai C, Ndlovu N, Chaikam V, Ertiro BT, Das B, Beyene Y, Kiplagat O, Spillane C, Prasanna BM, Gowda M. Discovery of genomic regions associated with grain yield and agronomic traits in Bi-parental populations of maize ( Zea mays. L) Under optimum and low nitrogen conditions. Front Genet 2023; 14:1266402. [PMID: 37964777 PMCID: PMC10641019 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1266402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low soil nitrogen levels, compounded by the high costs associated with nitrogen supplementation through fertilizers, significantly contribute to food insecurity, malnutrition, and rural poverty in maize-dependent smallholder communities of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The discovery of genomic regions associated with low nitrogen tolerance in maize can enhance selection efficiency and facilitate the development of improved varieties. To elucidate the genetic architecture of grain yield (GY) and its associated traits (anthesis-silking interval (ASI), anthesis date (AD), plant height (PH), ear position (EPO), and ear height (EH)) under different soil nitrogen regimes, four F3 maize populations were evaluated in Kenya and Zimbabwe. GY and all the traits evaluated showed significant genotypic variance and moderate heritability under both optimum and low nitrogen stress conditions. A total of 91 quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to GY (11) and other secondary traits (AD (26), PH (19), EH (24), EPO (7) and ASI (4)) were detected. Under low soil nitrogen conditions, PH and ASI had the highest number of QTLs. Furthermore, some common QTLs were identified between secondary traits under both nitrogen regimes. These QTLs are of significant value for further validation and possible rapid introgression into maize populations using marker-assisted selection. Identification of many QTL with minor effects indicates genomic selection (GS) is more appropriate for their improvement. Genomic prediction within each population revealed low to moderately high accuracy under optimum and low soil N stress management. However, the accuracies were higher for GY, PH and EH under optimum compared to low soil N stress. Our findings indicate that genetic gain can be improved in maize breeding for low N stress tolerance by using GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins Kimutai
- Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Noel Ndlovu
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Vijay Chaikam
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Biswanath Das
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yoseph Beyene
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Oliver Kiplagat
- Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Charles Spillane
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Manje Gowda
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
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22
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Mini A, Touzy G, Beauchêne K, Cohan JP, Heumez E, Oury FX, Rincent R, Lafarge S, Le Gouis J. Genetic regions determine tolerance to nitrogen deficiency in European elite bread wheats grown under contrasting nitrogen stress scenarios. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:218. [PMID: 37815653 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Clustering 24 environments in four contrasting nitrogen stress scenarios enabled the detection of genetic regions determining tolerance to nitrogen deficiency in European elite bread wheats. Increasing the nitrogen use efficiency of wheat varieties is an important goal for breeding. However, most genetic studies of wheat grown at different nitrogen levels in the field report significant interactions with the genotype. The chromosomal regions possibly involved in these interactions are largely unknown. The objective of this study was to quantify the response of elite bread wheat cultivars to different nitrogen field stress scenarios and identify genomic regions involved in this response. For this purpose, 212 elite bread wheat varieties were grown in a multi-environment trial at different nitrogen levels. Genomic regions associated with grain yield, protein concentration and grain protein deviation responses to nitrogen deficiency were identified. Environments were clustered according to adjusted means for grain yield, yield components and grain protein concentration. Four nitrogen availability scenarios were identified: optimal condition, moderate early deficiency, severe late deficiency, and severe continuous deficiency. A large range of tolerance to nitrogen deficiency was observed among varieties, which were ranked differently in different nitrogen deficiency scenarios. The well-known negative correlation between grain yield and grain protein concentration also existed between their respective tolerance indices. Interestingly, the tolerance indices for grain yield and grain protein deviation were either null or weakly positive meaning that breeding for the two traits should be less difficult than expected. Twenty-two QTL regions were identified for the tolerance indices. By selecting associated markers, these regions may be selected separately or combined to improve the tolerance to N deficiency within a breeding programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Mini
- UMR GDEC, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Biogemma, Centre de Recherche de Chappes, Route d'Ennezat CS90216, 63720, Chappes, France
| | - Gaëtan Touzy
- Biogemma, Centre de Recherche de Chappes, Route d'Ennezat CS90216, 63720, Chappes, France
- Arvalis-Institut du Végétal, 41240, Beauce la Romaine, France
| | - Katia Beauchêne
- Arvalis-Institut du Végétal, 41240, Beauce la Romaine, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Cohan
- Arvalis-Institut du Végétal, Station Expérimentale, 91190, Villiers le Bâcle, France
| | | | | | - Renaud Rincent
- UMR GDEC, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Lafarge
- Biogemma, Centre de Recherche de Chappes, Route d'Ennezat CS90216, 63720, Chappes, France
| | - Jacques Le Gouis
- UMR GDEC, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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23
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Vendramini JMB, Silveira ML, Moriel P. Resilience of warm-season (C 4) perennial grasses under challenging environmental and management conditions. Anim Front 2023; 13:16-22. [PMID: 37841762 PMCID: PMC10575312 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joao M B Vendramini
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, FL 33865, USA
| | - Maria L Silveira
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, FL 33865, USA
| | - Phillipe Moriel
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, FL 33865, USA
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24
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Zhou M, Yang J. Delaying or promoting? Manipulation of leaf senescence to improve crop yield and quality. PLANTA 2023; 258:48. [PMID: 37477756 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Senescence influences leaf productivity through two aspects: photosynthesis and nutrient remobilization. Through distinctively manipulating progress of leaf senescence, it is promising to improve crop yield and quality simultaneously. Crop yield and quality are two chief goals pursued in agricultural and horticultural production. The basis of crop yield is leaf photosynthesis. Senescence is the last stage of leaf development, which usually causes decreasing of leaf photosynthetic activity. Delaying leaf senescence through physiological or molecular strategies may result in higher photosynthetic activity with a longer duration, thus producing more photoassimilates for biomass accumulation. On the other side, leaf senescence always induces degradation of macromolecular nutrients (including chlorophylls and proteins), and nutritional elements in leaves are then resorbed for development of other organs. For those crops with non-leaf organs as harvested biomass, translocating nutritional elements from leaves to harvested biomass is an indispensable physiological process to increase crop yield and quality. This review summarized successful studies about effects of delaying or promoting senescence on crop yield or quality improvement. Considering the distinctiveness of various crops, manipulation of leaf senescence should be specialized during agricultural and horticultural practices. Rational regulation of leaf senescence, such as inhibiting senescence to maintain leaf photosynthesis and then promoting senescence (with appropriate onset and efficiency) to remobilize more nutrients from leaves to target organs, may ultimately improve both crop yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jiading Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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25
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Ma S, Wang G, Su S, Lu J, Ren T, Cong R, Lu Z, Zhang Y, Liao S, Li X. Effects of optimized nitrogen fertilizer management on the yield, nitrogen uptake, and ammonia volatilization of direct-seeded rice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4553-4561. [PMID: 36852749 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct-seeded rice has been developed rapidly because of labor savings. Changes in rice cultivation methods put forward new requirements for nitrogen (N) fertilizer management practices. Field experiments with five different fertilizer ratios of basal, tillering and panicle fertilizer, namely N1 (10:0:0), N2 (6:2:2), N3 (4:3:3), N4 (2:4:4) and N5 (0:5:5), were conducted to investigate the effects of different N fertilizer management practices on yield formation, N uptakes, and ammonia (NH3 ) volatilization from paddy fields in direct-seeded rice. RESULTS The results showed that the N4 treatment improved grain yield by 5.1% while decreasing NH3 volatilization by 20.4% compared with that of conventional fertilizer treatment (N2). The panicle number per unit area was the key factor to determine the yield of direct-seeded rice (72%). Excessive N application of basal fertilizer (N1) reduced seedling emergence, N use efficiency, and yield by 45.3%, 160.6%, and 6.9% respectively and increased NH3 volatilization by 28.1% compared with that of the N4 treatment. Removal of basal N fertilizer (N5) N reduced spike number and yield by 13.0% and 6.9% respectively, minimizing NH3 volatilization while affecting the construction of high-yielding populations compared with that of the N4 treatment. CONCLUSION Optimized N fertilizer management achieved delayed senescence (maintenance of higher leaf Soil Plant Analysis Development meter values in late reproduction), higher canopy photoassimilation (suitable leaf area), higher N fertilizer use efficiency, and less N loss (lower cumulative NH3 volatilization). © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Guibing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Sumiao Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Rihuan Cong
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Shipeng Liao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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26
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Abualia R, Riegler S, Benkova E. Nitrate, Auxin and Cytokinin-A Trio to Tango. Cells 2023; 12:1613. [PMID: 37371083 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important macronutrient required for plant growth and development, thus directly impacting agricultural productivity. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that nitrogen-driven growth depends on pathways that control nitrate/nitrogen homeostasis and hormonal networks that act both locally and systemically to coordinate growth and development of plant organs. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the role of the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin and their crosstalk in nitrate-regulated growth and discuss the significance of novel findings and possible missing links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashed Abualia
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Stefan Riegler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Eva Benkova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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27
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Santos TDO, Amaral Junior ATD, Bispo RB, Bernado WDP, Simão BR, de Lima VJ, Freitas MSM, Mora-Poblete F, Trindade RDS, Kamphorst SH, Pereira Rodrigues W, Campostrini E, Nicácio Viana F, Cruz CD. Exploring the Potential of Heterosis to Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Popcorn Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112135. [PMID: 37299114 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is crucial for plant growth and development, and improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a viable strategy for reducing dependence on nitrogen inputs and promoting sustainability. While the benefits of heterosis in corn are well known, the physiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon in popcorn are less understood. We aimed to investigate the effects of heterosis on growth and physiological traits in four popcorn lines and their hybrids under two contrasting nitrogen conditions. We evaluated morpho-agronomic and physiological traits such as leaf pigments, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, and leaf gas exchange. Components associated with NUE were also evaluated. N deprivation caused reductions of up to 65% in terms of plant architecture, 37% in terms of leaf pigments, and 42% in terms of photosynthesis-related traits. Heterosis had significant effects on growth traits, NUE, and foliar pigments, particularly under low soil nitrogen conditions. N-utilization efficiency was found to be the mechanism favoring superior hybrid performance for NUE. Non-additive genetic effects were predominant in controlling the studied traits, indicating that exploring heterosis is the most effective strategy for obtaining superior hybrids to promote NUE. The findings are relevant and beneficial for agro farmers seeking sustainable agricultural practices and improved crop productivity through the optimization of nitrogen utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talles de Oliveira Santos
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0664, USA
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Junior
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosimeire Barboza Bispo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facilities, Nebraska Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0664, USA
| | - Wallace de Paula Bernado
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruna Rohem Simão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valter Jário de Lima
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marta Simone Mendonça Freitas
- Plant Science Laboratory, Center for Agricultural Science and Technologies, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Freddy Mora-Poblete
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Talca, 1 Poniente 1141, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Roberto Dos Santos Trindade
- National Research Center for Maize and Sorghum, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, MG-424 Highway, Km 45, Sete Lagoas 35701-970, MG, Brazil
| | - Samuel Henrique Kamphorst
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Weverton Pereira Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Naturais e Letras, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão (UEMASUL), Estreito 65975-000, MA, Brazil
| | - Eliemar Campostrini
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flávia Nicácio Viana
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cosme Damião Cruz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies (CCTA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
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Schmidt L, Jacobs J, Schmutzer T, Alqudah AM, Sannemann W, Pillen K, Maurer A. Identifying genomic regions determining shoot and root traits related to nitrogen uptake efficiency in a multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) winter wheat population in a high-throughput phenotyping facility. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111656. [PMID: 36841338 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the context of a continuously increasing human population that needs to be fed, with environmental protection in mind, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) improvement is becoming very important. To understand the natural variation of traits linked to nitrogen uptake efficiency (UPE), one component of NUE, the multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) winter wheat population WM-800 was phenotyped under two contrasting nitrogen (N) levels in a high-throughput phenotyping facility for six weeks. Three biomass-related, three root-related, and two reflectance-related traits were measured weekly under each treatment. Subsequently, the population was genetically analysed using a total of 13,060 polymorphic haplotypes and singular SNPs for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). In total, we detected 543 quantitative trait loci (QTL) across all time points and traits, which were pooled into 42 stable QTL (sQTL; present in at least three of the six weeks). Besides Rht-B1 and Rht-D1, candidate genes playing a role in gibberellic acid-regulated growth and nitrate transporter genes from the NPF gene family, like NRT 1.1, were linked to sQTL. Two novel sQTL on chromosomes 5 A and 6D showed pleiotropic effects on several traits. The high number of N-specific sQTL indicates that selection for UPE is useful specifically under N-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schmidt
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - John Jacobs
- BASF BBCC Innovation Center Gent, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Schmutzer
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ahmad M Alqudah
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Art and Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wiebke Sannemann
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Plant Breeding, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Zhao Y, Islam S, Alhabbar Z, Zhang J, O'Hara G, Anwar M, Ma W. Current Progress and Future Prospect of Wheat Genetics Research towards an Enhanced Nitrogen Use Efficiency. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091753. [PMID: 37176811 PMCID: PMC10180859 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To improve the yield and quality of wheat is of great importance for food security worldwide. One of the most effective and significant approaches to achieve this goal is to enhance the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in wheat. In this review, a comprehensive understanding of the factors involved in the process of the wheat nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization of nitrogen in wheat were introduced. An appropriate definition of NUE is vital prior to its precise evaluation for the following gene identification and breeding process. Apart from grain yield (GY) and grain protein content (GPC), the commonly recognized major indicators of NUE, grain protein deviation (GPD) could also be considered as a potential trait for NUE evaluation. As a complex quantitative trait, NUE is affected by transporter proteins, kinases, transcription factors (TFs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs), which participate in the nitrogen uptake process, as well as key enzymes, circadian regulators, cross-talks between carbon metabolism, which are associated with nitrogen assimilation and remobilization. A series of quantitative genetic loci (QTLs) and linking markers were compiled in the hope to help discover more efficient and useful genetic resources for breeding program. For future NUE improvement, an exploration for other criteria during selection process that incorporates morphological, physiological and biochemical traits is needed. Applying new technologies from phenomics will allow high-throughput NUE phenotyping and accelerate the breeding process. A combination of multi-omics techniques and the previously verified QTLs and molecular markers will facilitate the NUE QTL-mapping and novel gene identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Zaid Alhabbar
- Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Graham O'Hara
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Masood Anwar
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Wujun Ma
- Food Futures Institute & College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Zhiipao RR, Pooniya V, Kumar D, Biswakarma N, Shivay YS, Dass A, Kumar Bainsla N, Lakhena KK, Pandey RK, Burman A, Bhatia A, Jat RD, Govindasamy P, Swarnalakshmi K, Das K, Choudhary RL, Babu S. Above and below-ground growth, accumulated dry matter and nitrogen remobilization of wheat ( Triticum aestivum) genotypes grown in PVC tubes under well- and deficit-watered conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1087343. [PMID: 36959939 PMCID: PMC10027722 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1087343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The continuing decline in water resources under the ever-changing climate compels us to re-orient our focus to a more sustainable practice. This study investigates the performance of Triticum aestivum wheat genotypes viz. HD-2967, HD-3086, HD-3249, DBW-187, and HD-3226 under well- and deficit-watered conditions for their root-traits, biomass and nitrogen accumulation and remobilization, and water use efficiencies, grown in PVC-tubes. The genotypes HD-2967, HD-3086, HD-3249, DBW-187, and HD-3226 under well-watered (WW) resulted in 36, 35, 38, 33, and 42% more grain yield compared to deficit-watered (DW). Among the genotypes, HD-3249 had the highest grain yield under both well- and deficit-watered conditions. Compared to DW, the WW had 28%, 30%, and 28% greater root length, biomass, and root length density at flowering {102 days (d), Z61}, while among the genotypes, HD-3249 had relatively greater root-traits. At flowering (Z61) and maturity (132 d, Z89), genotypes under WW accumulated 30-46% and 30-53%, respectively greater shoot biomass over the DW. Furthermore, the shoot biomass remobilised for HD-2967, HD-3086, HD-3249, DBW-187, and HD-3226 under the WW was 32, 37, 39, 35, and 35% greater than the DW. The nitrogen partitioning to different plant parts at flowering (Z61) and maturity (Z89) was significantly greater with the WW than with DW. The total nitrogen- remobilized and contribution to grain-N under the WW was 55, 58, 52, 53, 58% and 9, 19, 15, 17, 17% greater than the DW for the genotypes HD-2967, HD-3086, HD-3249, DBW-187, and HD-3226. The irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) at flowering (Z61) was more under the deficit-watered, but the biomass and grain total WUE was improved with the well-watered condition. Hence, it is apparent that proper scheduling of irrigation and N applications, along with the adoption of a genotype suited to a particular environment, will result in better WUE and grain yields, along with better utilization of scarce resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rustum Zhiipao
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Pooniya
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Niraj Biswakarma
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
- Agronomy, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | | | - Anchal Dass
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Kamlesh K. Lakhena
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh K. Pandey
- Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Anamika Burman
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Arti Bhatia
- Environmental Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Ram D. Jat
- Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhu Govindasamy
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Kajal Das
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibers, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
| | - Ram L. Choudhary
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
- ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Subhash Babu
- Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
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Padhan BK, Sathee L, Kumar S, Chinnusamy V, Kumar A. Variation in nitrogen partitioning and reproductive stage nitrogen remobilization determines nitrogen grain production efficiency (NUEg) in diverse rice genotypes under varying nitrogen supply. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1093581. [PMID: 36938028 PMCID: PMC10020356 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient needed for grain yield, grain N and grain protein content in rice. Grain yield and quality are significantly determined by N availability. In this study, to understand the mechanisms associated with reproductive stage N remobilization and N partitioning to grain 2 years of field experiments were conducted with 30 diverse rice genotypes during 2019-Kharif and 2020-Kharif seasons. The experiments were conducted with two different N treatments; N deficient (N0-no external N application, available soil N; 2019-234.15 kgha-1, 2020-225.79 kgha-1) and N sufficient (N120-120 kgha-1 external N application, available soil N; 2019-363.77 kgha-1, 2020-367.95 kgha-1). N application increased the NDVI value, biomass accumulation, grain yield, harvest index and grain N accumulation. Post-anthesis N uptake and N remobilization from vegetative tissues to grain are critical for grain yield and N harvest index. Rice genotypes, Kalinga-1, BAM-4234, IR-8384-B-B102-3, Sahbhagi Dhan, BVD-109 and Nerica-L-42 showed a higher rate of N remobilization under N sufficient conditions. But, under N deficiency, rice genotypes-83929-B-B-291-3-1-1, BVD-109, IR-8384-B-B102-3 and BAM-4234 performed well showing higher N remobilization efficiency. The total amount of N remobilization was recorded to be high in the N120 treatment. The harvest index was higher in N120 during both the cropping seasons. RANBIR BASMATI, BAM-832, APO, BAM-247, IR-64, Vandana, and Nerica-L-44 were more efficient in N grain production efficiency under N deficient conditions. From this study, it is evident that higher grain N accumulation is not always associated with higher yield. IR-83929-B-B-291-3-1-1, Kalinga-1, APO, Pusa Basmati-1, and Nerica-L-44 performed well for different N use efficiency component traits under both N deficient (N0) and N sufficient (N120) conditions. Identifying genotypes/donors for N use efficiency-component traits is crucial in improving the fertilizer N recovery rate and site specific N management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra K. Padhan
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Division of Crop Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, India
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32
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Liu RX, Li HL, Rui L, Liu GD, Wang T, Wang XF, Li LG, Zhang Z, You CX. An apple NITRATE REDUCTASE 2 gene positively regulates nitrogen utilization and abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis and apple callus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:23-32. [PMID: 36689830 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential element that plays an important role in crop biomass accumulation and quality formation. Increased crop yield is relied on excessive application of fertilizers, which usually leads to environmental pollution and unsustainable development. Thus, identification and characterization of genes involved in promoting nitrogen use efficiency is of high priority in crop breeding. The activity of nitrate reductase (NR) plays a critical role in nitrogen metabolism. In model plant Arabidopsis, NITRATE REDUCTASE 2 (NIA2), one of the two NRs, is responsible for about 90% of the NR activity. In this study, MdNIA2 gene in apple (Malus domestica) genome was screened out and identified by using AtNIA2 as bait. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MdNIA2 had the closest evolutionary relationship with MbNIA from Malus baccata. Ectopic expression of MdNIA2 in Arabidopsis elevated the nitrogen use efficiency and increased root hair elongation and formation, resulting in promoted plant growth. Furthermore, the overexpression of MdNIA2 improved salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis and improved the salt tolerance of transgenic apple callus, and MdNIA2-reagualted NO metabolism might contribute to the abiotic stress tolerance. Overall, our data indicate the critical role of MdNIA2 in regulating nitrogen utilization efficiency and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Xin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Liang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Rui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-Dong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Tian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Lin-Guang Li
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai-An, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Zhenlu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Gao Z, Li J, Liu S, Chen Y. Within-leaf chloroplasts and nitrogen allocation to thylakoids in relation to photosynthesis during grain filling in maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:830-840. [PMID: 36868131 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important contributor to photosynthetic rate (Pn). However, during grain-filling stage in maize, some leaf N is remobilized to meet demands for grain protein accumulation rather than photosynthetic demands. Therefore, plants that can maintain a relatively high Pn during the N remobilization process would have the key to achieving both high grain yields (HGY) and high grain protein concentrations (HGPC). In this study, we investigated two high-yielding maize hybrids in photosynthetic apparatus and N allocation in a two-year field experiment. During grain filling, XY335 had a higher Pn and photosynthetic N-use efficiency than ZD958 had in the upper leaf, but not in the middle or lower leaves. In the upper leaf, the diameter and area of the bundle sheath (BS) were larger and the distance between bundle sheaths was greater in XY335 than in ZD958. XY335 had more bundle sheath cells (BSCs) and a larger BSC area, as well as a larger chloroplast area in the BSC, resulting in a higher total number and total area of chloroplasts in the BS. XY335 also had higher stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration, and N allocation to the thylakoids. No genotypic differences were found in mesophyll cell ultrastructure, N content and starch content in the three types of leaves. Therefore, a trifecta of higher gs, greater N allocation to thylakoids for photo-phosphorylation and electron transport, and more and larger chloroplasts promoting CO2 assimilation in the BS confers a high Pn to simultaneously achieve HGY and high HGPC in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Jiuzhou Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Shutang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China.
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Wu C, Xiang Y, Huang P, Zhang M, Fang M, Yang W, Li W, Cao F, Liu LH, Pu W, Duan S. Molecular identification and physiological functional analysis of NtNRT1.1B that mediated nitrate long-distance transport and improved plant growth when overexpressed in tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1078978. [PMID: 36925751 PMCID: PMC10011135 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1078978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although recent physiological studies demonstrate that flue-cured tobacco preferentially utilizes nitrate ( NO 3 - ) or ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and possesses both high- and low-affinity uptake systems for NO 3 - , little is known about the molecular component(s) responsible for acquisition and translocation in this crop. Here we provide experimental data showing that NtNRT1.1B with a 1,785-bp coding sequence exhibited a function in mediating NO 3 - transport associated with tobacco growth on NO 3 - nutrition. Heterologous expression of NtNRT1.1B in the NO 3 - uptake-defective yeast Hp△ynt1 enabled a growth recovery of the mutant on 0.5 mM NO 3 - , suggesting a possible molecular function of NtNRT1.1B in the import of NO 3 - into cells. Transient expression of NtNRT1.1B::green fluorescent protein (GFP) in tobacco leaf cells revealed that NtNRT1.1B targeted mainly the plasma membrane, indicating the possibility of NO 3 - permeation across cell membranes via NtNRT1.1B. Furthermore, promoter activity assays using a GFP marker clearly indicated that NtNRT1.1B transcription in roots may be down-regulated by N starvation and induced by N resupply, including NO 3 - , after 3 days' N depletion. Significantly, constitutive overexpression of NtNRT1.1B could remarkably enhance tobacco growth by showing a higher accumulation of biomass and total N, NO 3 - , and even NH 4 + in plants supplied with NO 3 - ; this NtNRT1.1B-facilitated N acquisition/accumulation could be strengthened by short-term 15N- NO 3 - root influx assays, which showed 15%-20% higher NO 3 - deposition in NtNRT1.1B-overexpressors as well as a high affinity of NtNRT1.1B for NO 3 - at a K m of around 30-45 µM. Together with the detection of NtNRT1.1B promoter activity in the root stele and shoot-stem vascular tissues, and higher NO 3 - in both xylem exudate and the apoplastic washing fluid of NtNRT1.1B-transgenic lines, NtNRT1.1B could be considered as a valuable molecular breeding target aiming at improving crop N-use efficiency by manipulating the absorption and long-distance distribution/transport of nitrate, thus adding a new functional homolog as a nitrate permease to the plant NRT1 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucheng Xiang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingjun Huang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Mingfa Zhang
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute (Changsha, Chenzhou, Xiangxi), China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Company, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute (Changsha, Chenzhou, Xiangxi), China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Company, Changsha, China
| | - Weiqin Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Cao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lai-Hua Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxuan Pu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhui Duan
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute (Changsha, Chenzhou, Xiangxi), China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Company, Changsha, China
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Iqbal MF, Zhang Y, Kong P, Wang Y, Cao K, Zhao L, Xiao X, Fan X. High-yielding nitrate transporter cultivars also mitigate methane and nitrous oxide emissions in paddy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133643. [PMID: 36909410 PMCID: PMC9992815 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Development of high yield rice varieties is critical to ensuring global food security. However, the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as Methane (CH4) and Nitrous oxide (N2O) from paddy fields threatens environmental sustainability. In this study, we selected overexpressed high-affinity nitrate transporters (NRT2.3 along with their partner protein NAR2.1) cultivars, which are effective nitrogen use efficient transgenic lines pOsNAR2.1: OsNAR2.1 (Ox2) and p35S:OsNRT2.3b (O8). We used high (270 kg N/ha) and low (90 kg N/ha) nitrogen (N) fertilizers in paddy fields to evaluate morphophysiological traits, including GHG emission. We found that Ox2 and O8 reduced CH4 emissions by 40% and 60%, respectively, compared to their wild type (WT). During growth stages, there was no consistent N2O discharge pattern between WT and transgenics (Ox2, O8) in low and high N application. However, total cumulative N2O in a cropping season reduced in O8 and increased in Ox2 cultivars, compared to WT. Root aerenchyma formation reduced by 30-60% in transgenic lines. Methanogens like mcrA in low and high N were also reduced by up to 50% from rhizosphere of Ox2 and O8. However, the nitrifying bacterial population such as nosZ reduced in both transgenics significantly, but nirK and nirS did not show a consistent variation. The high yield of transgenic rice with limited aerenchyma mitigates the discharge of CH4 and N2O by reducing root exudates that provide substrates for GHG. Our results improve understanding for breeders to serve the purpose of sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faseeh Iqbal
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics, Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Pulin Kong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics, Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics, Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaixun Cao
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics, Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics, Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, China
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36
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Zhang Y, Liu B, Kong F, Chen L. Nutrient-mediated modulation of flowering time. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1101611. [PMID: 36743493 PMCID: PMC9894683 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition affects plant growth and development, including flowering. Flowering represents the transition from the vegetative period to the reproduction period and requires the consumption of nutrients. Moreover, nutrients (e.g., nitrate) act as signals that affect flowering. Regulation of flowering time is therefore intimately associated with both nutrient-use efficiency and crop yield. Here, we review current knowledge of the relationships between nutrients (primarily nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and flowering, with the goal of deepening our understanding of how plant nutrition affects flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liyu Chen
- *Correspondence: Liyu Chen, ; Fanjiang Kong,
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37
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Maize Breeding for Low Nitrogen Inputs in Agriculture: Mechanisms Underlying the Tolerance to the Abiotic Stress. STRESSES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses3010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is essential for sustaining life on Earth and plays a vital role in plant growth and thus agricultural production. The excessive use of N fertilizers not only harms the economy, but also the environment. In the context of the environmental impacts caused by agriculture, global maize improvement programs aim to develop cultivars with high N-use efficiency (NUE) to reduce the use of N fertilizers. Since N is highly mobile in plants, NUE is related to numerous little-known morphophysiological and molecular mechanisms. In this review paper we present an overview of the morpho-physiological adaptations of shoot and root, molecular mechanisms involved in plant response to low nitrogen environment, and the genetic effects involved in the control of key traits for NUE. Some studies show that the efficiency of cultivars growing under low N is related to deep root architecture, more lateral roots (LR), and sparser branching of LR, resulting in lower metabolic costs. The NUE cultivars also exhibit more efficient photosynthesis, which affects plant growth under suboptimal nitrogen conditions. In this sense, obtaining superior genotypes for NUE can be achieved with the exploitation of heterosis, as non-additive effects are more important in the expression of traits associated with NUE.
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38
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Eckardt NA, Ainsworth EA, Bahuguna RN, Broadley MR, Busch W, Carpita NC, Castrillo G, Chory J, DeHaan LR, Duarte CM, Henry A, Jagadish SVK, Langdale JA, Leakey ADB, Liao JC, Lu KJ, McCann MC, McKay JK, Odeny DA, Jorge de Oliveira E, Platten JD, Rabbi I, Rim EY, Ronald PC, Salt DE, Shigenaga AM, Wang E, Wolfe M, Zhang X. Climate change challenges, plant science solutions. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:24-66. [PMID: 36222573 PMCID: PMC9806663 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a defining challenge of the 21st century, and this decade is a critical time for action to mitigate the worst effects on human populations and ecosystems. Plant science can play an important role in developing crops with enhanced resilience to harsh conditions (e.g. heat, drought, salt stress, flooding, disease outbreaks) and engineering efficient carbon-capturing and carbon-sequestering plants. Here, we present examples of research being conducted in these areas and discuss challenges and open questions as a call to action for the plant science community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsworth
- USDA ARS Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Rajeev N Bahuguna
- Centre for Advanced Studies on Climate Change, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur 848125, Bihar, India
| | - Martin R Broadley
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas C Carpita
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Gabriel Castrillo
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Joanne Chory
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | - Carlos M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amelia Henry
- International Rice Research Institute, Rice Breeding Innovations Platform, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - S V Krishna Jagadish
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79410, USA
| | - Jane A Langdale
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Andrew D B Leakey
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Crop Sciences, and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - James C Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11528, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Lu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11528, Taiwan
| | - Maureen C McCann
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - John K McKay
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Damaris A Odeny
- The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics–Eastern and Southern Africa, Gigiri 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - J Damien Platten
- International Rice Research Institute, Rice Breeding Innovations Platform, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - Ismail Rabbi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320 Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Ellen Youngsoo Rim
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Pamela C Ronald
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, Berkeley, California 94704, USA
| | - David E Salt
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alexandra M Shigenaga
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Marnin Wolfe
- Auburn University, Dept. of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Cao L, Xu C, Sun Y, Niu C, Leng X, Hao B, Ma J, Liu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Liu G. Genome-wide identification of glutamate synthase gene family and expression patterns analysis in response to carbon and nitrogen treatment in Populus. Gene 2023; 851:146996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Javed HH, Hu Y, Asghar MA, Brestic M, Abbasi MA, Saleem MH, Peng X, Ghafoor AZ, Ye W, Zhou J, Guo X, Wu YC. Effect of intermittent shade on nitrogen dynamics assessed by 15N trace isotopes, enzymatic activity and yield of Brassica napus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1037632. [PMID: 36466283 PMCID: PMC9709140 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1037632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Modern era of agriculture is concerned with the environmental influence on crop growth and development. Shading is one of the crucial factors affecting crop growth considerably, which has been neglected over the years. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of shading at flowering (S1) and pod development (S2) stages on nitrogen (N) dynamics, carbohydrates and yield of rapeseed. Two rapeseed genotypes (Chuannong and Zhongyouza) were selected to evaluate the effects of shading on 15N trace isotopes, enzymatic activities, dry matter, nitrogen and carbohydrate distribution and their relationship with yield. The results demonstrated that both shading treatments disturbed the nitrogen accumulation and transportation at the maturity stage. It was found that shading induced the downregulation of the N mobilizing enzymes (NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT) in leaves and pods at both developmental stages. Shading at both growth stages resulted in reduced dry matter of both varieties but only S2 exhibited the decline in pod shell and seeds dry weight in both years. Besides this, carbohydrates distribution toward economic organs was declined by S2 treatment and its substantial impact was also experienced in seed weight and seeds number per pod which ultimately decreased the yield in both genotypes. We also revealed that yield is positively correlated with dry matter, nitrogen content and carbohydrates transportation. In contrast to Chuannong, the Zhongyouza genotype performed relatively better under shade stress. Overall, it was noticed that shading at pod developmental stage considerable affected the transportation of N and carbohydrates which led to reduced rapeseed yield as compared to shading at flowering stage. Our study provides basic theoretical support for the management techniques of rapeseed grown under low light regions and revealed the critical growth stage which can be negatively impacted by low light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Hassan Javed
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Majid Ali Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana, Larkana, Pakistan
| | | | - Xiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Abu Zar Ghafoor
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Ye
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Sichuan Province Agro-meteorological Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Wu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
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Hu Y, Guy RD, Soolanayakanahally RY. Nitrogen isotope discrimination in open-pollinated and hybrid canola suggests indirect selection for enhanced ammonium utilization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1024080. [PMID: 36438099 PMCID: PMC9691982 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1024080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen isotope discrimination (Δ15N) may have utility as an indicator of nitrogen use in plants. A simple Δ15N-based isotope mass balance (IMB) model has been proposed to provide estimates of efflux/influx (E/I) ratios across root plasma membranes, the proportion of inorganic nitrogen assimilation in roots (P root) and translocation of inorganic nitrogen to shoots (Ti/Tt) under steady-state conditions. We used the IMB model to investigate whether direct selection for yield in canola (Brassica napus L.) has resulted in indirect selection in traits related to nitrogen use. We selected 23 canola lines developed from 1942 to 2017, including open-pollinated (OP) lines developed prior to 2005 as well as more recent commercial hybrids (CH), and in three separate experiments grew them under hydroponic conditions in a greenhouse with either 0.5 mM ammonium, 0.5 mM nitrate, or 5 mM nitrate. Across all lines, E/I, Proot and Ti/Tt averaged 0.09±0.03, 0.82±0.05 and 0.23±0.06 in the low nitrate experiment, and 0.31±0.06, 0.71±0.07 and 0.42±0.12 in the high nitrate experiment, respectively. In contrast, in the ammonium experiment average E/I was 0.40±0.05 while Ti/Tt averaged 0.07±0.04 and Proot averaged 0.97±0.02. Although there were few consistent differences between OP and CH under nitrate nutrition, commercial hybrids were collectively better able to utilize ammonium as their sole nitrogen source, demonstrating significantly greater overall biomass and a lower Proot and a higher Ti/Tt, suggesting a somewhat greater flux of ammonium to the shoot. Average root and whole-plant Δ15N were also slightly higher in CH lines, suggesting a small increase in E/I. An increased ability to tolerate and/or utilize ammonium in modern canola hybrids may have arisen under intensive mono-cropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert D. Guy
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Schneider HM. Functional implications of multiseriate cortical sclerenchyma for soil resource capture and crop improvement. AOB PLANTS 2022; 14:plac050. [PMID: 36545297 PMCID: PMC9762723 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Suboptimal nutrient and water availability are primary constraints to crop growth. Global agriculture requires crops with greater nutrient and water efficiency. Multiseriate cortical sclerenchyma (MCS), a root anatomical trait characterized by small cells with thick cell walls encrusted with lignin in the outer cortex, has been shown to be an important trait for adaptation in maize and wheat in mechanically impeded soils. However, MCS has the potential to improve edaphic stress tolerance in a number of different crop taxa and in a number of different environments. This review explores the functional implications of MCS as an adaptive trait for water and nutrient acquisition and discusses future research perspectives on this trait for incorporation into crop breeding programs. For example, MCS may influence water and nutrient uptake, resistance to pests, symbiotic interactions, microbial interactions in the rhizosphere and soil carbon deposition. Root anatomical phenotypes are underutilized; however, important breeding targets for the development of efficient, productive and resilient crops urgently needed in global agriculture.
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43
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Improving
C
3
photosynthesis by exploiting natural genetic variation:
Hirschfeldia incana
as a model species. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Miao J, Shi F, Li W, Zhong M, Li C, Chen S. Comprehensive screening of low nitrogen tolerant maize based on multiple traits at the seedling stage. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14218. [PMID: 36275463 PMCID: PMC9586120 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plants tolerant to low nitrogen are a quantitative trait affected by many factors, and the different parameters were used for stress-tolerant plant screening in different investigations. But there is no agreement on the use of these indicators. Therefore, a method that can integrate different parameters to evaluate stress tolerance is urgently needed. Methods Six maize genotypes were subject to low nitrogen stress for twenty days. Then seventeen traits of the six maize genotypes related to nitrogen were investigated. Nitrogen tolerance coefficient (NTC) was calculated as low nitrogen traits to high nitrogen traits. Then principal component analysis was conducted based on the NTC. Based on fuzzy mathematics theory, a D value (decimal comprehensive evaluation value) was introduced to evaluate maize tolerant to low nitrogen. Results Three maize (SY998, GEMS42-I and GEMS42-II) with the higher D value have better growth and higher nitrogen accumulation under low nitrogen conditions. In contrast, Ji846 with the lowest D value has the lowest nitrogen accumulation and biomass in response to nitrogen limitation. These results indicated that the D value could help to screen low nitrogen tolerant maize, given that the D value was positively correlated with low nitrogen tolerance in maize seedlings. Conclusions The present study introduced the D value to evaluate stress tolerance. The higher the D value, the greater tolerance of maize to low nitrogen stress. This method may reduce the complexity of the investigated traits and enhance the accuracy of stress-tolerant evaluation. In addition, this method not only can screen potentially tolerant germplasm for low-nitrogen tolerance quickly, but also can comprise the correlated traits as many as possible to avoid the one-sidedness of a single parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjia Miao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Shi
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Cong Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuisen Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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45
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Batyrbek M, Abbas F, Fan R, Han Q. Influence of Mineral Fertilizer and Manure Application on the Yield and Quality of Maize in Relation to Intercropping in the Southeast Republic of Kazakhstan. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2644. [PMID: 36235514 PMCID: PMC9572791 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a valuable forage crop. It is also an essential and promising crop for the Republic of Kazakhstan, cultivated in the southern zone. Some new maize hybrids have been introduced, which have been beneficial for high yields with less fertilizer input. This study aims to introduce the new maize hybrid, Arman 689, for the judicial use of fertilizer and the high yield. This study was carried out in 2015 in the southeast region of Kazakhstan. There are five treatments with various mineral fertilizer and poultry manure doses: 1. control (T0), 2. P60 K100 (T1), 3. N100P60K100 (T2). 4. N100P60K100 + 40 tons of manure/ha (T3), and 5. N100P60K100 + 60 ton of manure/ha (T4). The fertilizers used were ammonium nitrate (N—34.6%), amorphous (N—11.0%, P2O5—46.0%), and potassium chloride KCl (K2O—56%). The results showed that the grain yield ranges from 5.51 t/ha (T0) to 8.49 (T4) t/ha. The protein contents in the maize grain varied from 9%(T0)−11.3%(T4). The grain nitrogen content accounted for 54.2 to 52.0%. The nutrient uptake results by different treatments indicated that nitrogen contributed to 41.5% of the total yield increase. Using manure in combination with mineral fertilizers reduced the payback of the applied resources, as the payback of T2−T4 was 8.8−9.1 kg of grain. With the application of recommended mineral fertilizer (NPK), the protein yield was 0.83 t/ha, 0.33, and 1.22 t/ha higher than T0 and T1 treatments, respectively. There was no significant yield difference under T3 and T4 treatments (p > 0.05). Overall, the treatment, NPK + 40 tons of manure, was proved the ultimate for the Arman hybrid in providing the optimum quantity and quality of maize, as well as reducing the payback cost (8.8−9.1 kg of grain). It is suggested to apply NPK-recommended doses along with manure in maize (Arman hybrid)-based intercropping systems to utilize the resources efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksat Batyrbek
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fakher Abbas
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ruqin Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Qingfang Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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46
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Zhang R, Wang P, Wang W, Ren A, Noor H, Zhong R, Gao Z, Sun M. Deep ploughing in the summer fallow season and optimizing nitrogen rate can increase yield, water, and nitrogen efficiencies of rain-fed winter wheat in the Loess Plateau region of China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14153. [PMID: 36225901 PMCID: PMC9549900 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background About 60% of the annual precipitation in the Loess Plateau occurs during the summer fallow season, and does not align with the wheat growing season. In addition, the nitrogen use efficiency is low in this area because nutrient availability is affected by drought. As a result, rainwater storage during the summer fallow season is very important to increasing nitrogen use efficiency, and to the stable production of dryland wheat in the Loess Plateau. Methods A 3-year field experiment in the eastern part of the Loess Plateau was conducted with two tillage methods (no tillage (NT) and deep ploughing (DP)) and five N rates (0, 120, 150, 180, and 210 kg N ha-1) to study the effect of tillage on soil water utilization, plant nitrogen utilization, and wheat yield. Result Compared to NT, DP showed a larger increase in soil water storage (SWSf) and precipitation storage efficiency (PSEf) during the two dry summer fallow seasons than in the normal summer fallow season. DP substantially increased the pre-anthesis soil water consumption (SWCpre) and N translocation. The average yield under DP was 12.46% and 14.92-18.29% higher than under NT in the normal and dry seasons, respectively. A 1 mm increase in SWCpre could increase grain yield by 25.28 kg ha-1, water use efficiency (WUE) by 0.069 kg ha-1 mm-1, and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) by 0.029 kg kg-1. DP could reduce the N rate by 11.49-53.34% in the normal seasons and 40.97-65.07% in the dry seasons compared to the same highest point of yield, WUE, and NUtE under NT. Conclusion Deep ploughing in the summer fallow season, paired with optimized N application, could help increase wheat yield and nitrogen efficiency in dryland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and Efficient Production of Characteristic Crops on the Loess Plateau Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Peiru Wang
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Aixia Ren
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and Efficient Production of Characteristic Crops on the Loess Plateau Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hafeez Noor
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and Efficient Production of Characteristic Crops on the Loess Plateau Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Agronomy, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and Efficient Production of Characteristic Crops on the Loess Plateau Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, Taigu, Shanxi, China,Shanxi Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Ionomic and metabolic responses of wheat seedlings to PEG-6000-simulated drought stress under two phosphorus levels. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274915. [PMID: 36126078 PMCID: PMC9488835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major food crop worldwide. Low soil phosphorus content and drought are the main constraints on wheat production in Xinjiang, China. Methods In this study, the ionic and metabolic responses of one wheat variety (“Xindong20”) to drought stress simulated by using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000) were investigated under low phosphorus (LP) and conventional phosphorus (CP) conditions by analysing wheat mineral elements and metabolites. Besides, due to xanthohumol was the metabolite with the most significant difference in expression detected in “Xindong 20”, two wheat variety “Xindong20 and Xindong 23” were selected to conduct the germination test simultaneously, to further verify the function of xanthohumol in wheat growth. Xanthohumol was mixed with PEG solution (20%) to prepare PEG solutions with different concentrations (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) of xanthohumol. Then wheat grains were soaked in the solutions for 20 hours, followed by a germination test. After 7 days, the indicators including shoot length, max root length, and root number were determined to identify whether the metabolite was beneficial to improve the drought tolerance of wheat. Results The results showed that the root density and volume of wheat in LP treatment were higher than those in CP treatment. The roots underwent programmed cell death both in LP and CP treatments under PEG-6000-simulated drought stress, however, the DNA degradation in root cells in LP treatment was lower than that in CP treatment after rehydration for 3 d. Before drought stress, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in shoot and the peroxidase (POD) activity in root in LP treatment were significantly higher than those in CP treatment, while the soluble sugar content and chlorophyll content in LP treatment were significantly lower than those in CP treatment. During drought stress, the POD activity maintained at a high level and the soluble sugar content gradually increased in LP treatment. After rehydration, the MDA content still maintained at a high level in LP treatment, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased, and the contents of soluble sugar and chlorophyll were significantly higher than those in CP treatment. The analysis of mineral elements and metabolites showed that the wheat in CP treatment was more sensitive to drought stress than that in LP treatment. Besides, the effect of drought stress was greater on shoot than on root in CP treatment, while it was opposite in LP treatment. The effect of drought stress on sugar metabolism gradually increased. Germination assays showed that 0.1% exogenous xanthohumol addition could significantly increase the shoot length of the two wheat varieties under drought stress. Conclusion Appropriate low phosphorus supply could increase antioxidant enzyme activity in wheat, and enhance sugar metabolism to regulate osmotic balance, as well as the accumulation of various organic acids to maintain the intracellular ion homeostasis. Therefore, compared to the conventional phosphorus supply level, appropriate low phosphorus supply can significantly improve the drought tolerance of wheat. Additionally, addition of 0.1% exogenous xanthohumol, an important differential expressed metabolite in drought-stressed wheat, could effectively promote wheat shoot growth under drought stress.
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Nasr Esfahani M, Kusano M, Abdelrahman M, Nguyen KH, Watanabe Y, Mochida K, Burritt DJ, Tran LSP. Differential metabolic rearrangements in the roots and leaves of Cicer arietinum caused by single or double nitrate and/or phosphate deficiencies. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1643-1659. [PMID: 35862290 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3 - ) and phosphate (Pi) deficiencies are the major constraints for chickpea productivity, significantly impacting global food security. However, excessive fertilization is expensive and can also lead to environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop chickpea cultivars that are able to grow on soils deficient in both NO3 - and Pi. This study focused on the identification of key NO3 - and/or Pi starvation-responsive metabolic pathways in the leaves and roots of chickpea grown under single and double nutrient deficiencies of NO3 - and Pi, in comparison with nutrient-sufficient conditions. A global metabolite analysis revealed organ-specific differences in the metabolic adaptation to nutrient deficiencies. Moreover, we found stronger adaptive responses in the roots and leaves to any single than combined nutrient-deficient stresses. For example, chickpea enhanced the allocation of carbon among nitrogen-rich amino acids (AAs) and increased the production of organic acids in roots under NO3 - deficiency, whereas this adaptive response was not found under double nutrient deficiency. Nitrogen remobilization through the transport of AAs from leaves to roots was greater under NO3 - deficiency than double nutrient deficiency conditions. Glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate accumulated in the roots under single nutrient deficiencies, but not under double nutrient deficiency, and higher glycolytic pathway activities were observed in both roots and leaves under single nutrient deficiency than double nutrient deficiency. Hence, the simultaneous deficiency generated a unique profile of metabolic changes that could not be simply described as the result of the combined deficiencies of the two nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miyako Kusano
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Molecular Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suze, new Galala, 43511, Egypt
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813, Japan
- RIKEN Baton Zone Program, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - David J Burritt
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79409, USA
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Ahmad N, Su B, Ibrahim S, Kuang L, Tian Z, Wang X, Wang H, Dun X. Deciphering the Genetic Basis of Root and Biomass Traits in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) through the Integration of GWAS and RNA-Seq under Nitrogen Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147958. [PMID: 35887301 PMCID: PMC9323118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An excellent root system is responsible for crops with high nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE). The current study evaluated the natural variations in 13 root- and biomass-related traits under a low nitrogen (LN) treatment in a rapeseed association panel. The studied traits exhibited significant phenotypic differences with heritabilities ranging from 0.53 to 0.66, and most of the traits showed significant correlations with each other. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) found 51 significant and 30 suggestive trait–SNP associations that integrated into 14 valid quantitative trait loci (QTL) clusters and explained 5.7–21.2% phenotypic variance. In addition, RNA sequencing was performed at two time points to examine the differential expression of genes (DEGs) between high and low NUE lines. In total, 245, 540, and 399 DEGs were identified as LN stress-specific, high nitrogen (HN) condition-specific, and HNLN common DEGs, respectively. An integrated analysis of GWAS, weighted gene co-expression network, and DEGs revealed 16 genes involved in rapeseed root development under LN stress. Previous studies have reported that the homologs of seven out of sixteen potential genes control root growth and NUE. These findings revealed the genetic basis underlying nitrogen stress and provided worthwhile SNPs/genes information for the genetic improvement of NUE in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Ahmad
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Bin Su
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Sani Ibrahim
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, College of Physical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano 700006, Nigeria
| | - Lieqiong Kuang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Ze Tian
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinfa Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.D.)
| | - Xiaoling Dun
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (S.I.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.D.)
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Kumar A, Sandhu N, Kumar P, Pruthi G, Singh J, Kaur S, Chhuneja P. Genome-wide identification and in silico analysis of NPF, NRT2, CLC and SLAC1/SLAH nitrate transporters in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum). Sci Rep 2022; 12:11227. [PMID: 35781289 PMCID: PMC9250930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15202-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen transport is one of the most important processes in plants mediated by specialized transmembrane proteins. Plants have two main systems for nitrogen uptake from soil and its transport within the system—a low-affinity transport system and a high-affinity transport system. Nitrate transporters are of special interest in cereal crops because large amount of money is spent on N fertilizers every year to enhance the crop productivity. Till date four gene families of nitrate transporter proteins; NPF (nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family), NRT2 (nitrate transporter 2 family), the CLC (chloride channel family), and the SLAC/SLAH (slow anion channel-associated homologues) have been reported in plants. In our study, in silico mining of nitrate transporter genes along with their detailed structure, phylogenetic and expression analysis was carried out. A total of 412 nitrate transporter genes were identified in hexaploid wheat genome using HMMER based homology searches in IWGSC Refseq v2.0. Out of those twenty genes were root specific, 11 leaf/shoot specific and 17 genes were grain/spike specific. The identification of nitrate transporter genes in the close proximity to the previously identified 67 marker-traits associations associated with the nitrogen use efficiency related traits in nested synthetic hexaploid wheat introgression library indicated the robustness of the reported transporter genes. The detailed crosstalk between the genome and proteome and the validation of identified putative candidate genes through expression and gene editing studies may lay down the foundation to improve nitrogen use efficiency of cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Nitika Sandhu
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Gomsie Pruthi
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Jasneet Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Satinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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