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Bai Y, Wang Z, Luo L, Xuan X, Tang W, Qu Z, Dong T, Qi Z, Yu M, Wu W, Fang J, Wang C. Characterization of VvmiR166s-Target Modules and Their Interaction Pathways in Modulation of Gibberellic-Acid-Induced Grape Seedless Berries. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16279. [PMID: 38003470 PMCID: PMC10670991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous GA is widely used to efficiently induce grape seedless berry development for significantly improving berry quality. Recently, we found that VvmiR166s are important regulators of response to GA in grapes, but its roles in GA-induced seedless grape berry development remain elusive. Here, the precise sequences of VvmiR166s and their targets VvREV, VvHB15 and VvHOX32 were determined in grape cv. 'Rosario Bianco', and the cleavage interactions of VvmiR166s-VvHB15/VvHOX32/VvREV modules and the variations in their cleavage roles were confirmed in grape berries. Exogenous GA treatment significantly induced a change in their expression correlations from positive to negative between VvmiR166s and their target genes at the seeds during the stone-hardening stages (32 DAF-46 DAF) in grape berries, indicating exogenous GA change action modes of VvmiR166s on their targets in this process, in which exogenous GA mainly enhanced the negative regulatory roles of VvmiR166s on VvHB15 among all three VvmiR166s-target pairs. The transient OE-VvmiR166a-h/OE-VvHB15 in tobacco confirmed that out of the VvmiR166 family, VvmiR166h/a/b might be the main factors in modulating lignin synthesis through inhibiting VvHB15, of which VvmiR166h-VvHB15-NtPAL4/NtCCR1/NtCCR2/NtCCoAMT5/NtCOMT1 and VvmiR166a/b-VvHB15-NtCAD1 are the potential key regulatory modules in lignin synthesis. Together with the GA-induced expression modes of VvmiR166s-VvHB15 and genes related to lignin synthesis in grape berries, we revealed that GA might repress lignin synthesis mainly by repressing VvCAD1/VvCCR2/VvPAL2/VvPAL3/Vv4CL/VvLac7 levels via mediating VvmiR166s-VvHB15 modules in GA-induced grape seedless berries. Our findings present a novel insight into the roles of VvmiR66s that are responsive to GA in repressing the lignin synthesis of grape seedless berries, with different lignin-synthesis-enzyme-dependent action pathways in diverse plants, which have important implications for the molecular breeding of high-quality seedless grape berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Bai
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Zhuangwei Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Pomology, Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Linjia Luo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Xuxian Xuan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Ziyang Qu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Tianyu Dong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Ziyang Qi
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Mucheng Yu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Weimin Wu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Pomology, Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Jinggui Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.B.)
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Guan P, Hu J, Sun L. Interaction of VvDELLA2 and VvCEB1 Mediates Expression of Expansion-Related Gene during GA-Induced Enlargement of Grape Fruit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14870. [PMID: 37834318 PMCID: PMC10573625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous gibberellin treatment can promote early growth of grape fruit, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we show that VvDELLA2 directly regulates the activity of the VvCEB1 transcription factor, a key regulator in the control of cell expansion in grape fruit. Our results show that VvCEB1 binds directly to the promoters of cell expansion-related genes in grape fruit and acts as a transcriptional activator, while VvDELLA2 blocks VvCEB1 function by binding to its activating structural domain. The exogenous gibberellin treatment relieved this inhibition by promoting the degradation of VvDELLA2 protein, thus, allowing VvCEB1 to transcriptionally activate the expression of cell expansion-related genes. In conclusion, we conclude that exogenous GA3 treatment regulates early fruit expansion by affecting the VvDELLA-VvCEB1 interaction in grape fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Beijing 100093, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Beijing 100093, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Pingyin Guan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Jianfang Hu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Beijing 100093, China; (Z.L.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Beijing 100093, China
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Wu Y, Li X, Zhang W, Wang L, Li B, Wang S. Aroma profiling of Shine Muscat grape provides detailed insights into the regulatory effect of gibberellic acid and N-(2-chloro-4-pyridinyl)-N-phenylurea applications on aroma quality. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112950. [PMID: 37316003 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As plant growth regulators, gibberellic acid (GA3) and CPPU [forchlorfenuron, N-(2-chloro-4-pyridinyl)-N-phenylurea] are widely used in the production of table grapes. However, how these compounds regulate the aroma quality remains unclear. By measuring free and bound aroma compounds in Shine Muscat grapes from eight groups during whole growth period, GA3 and CPPU were both found to significantly promote the synthesis of acyclic monoterpenes and (E)-2-hexenal, and double applications were found to further increase the aroma compound contents. On the other hand, GA3 and CPPU obviously promoted the expansion of berries, and the effect of promoting the synthesis of aroma compounds was largely diminished. In conclusion, free compound concentrations in berry were almost unaffected by GA3 and CPPU. From the perspective of aroma compounds, a highly concerted interplay was observed for terpenes, and bound compounds exhibited higher correlations than those of free compounds. In addition, 17 compounds could be used as markers that indicated the developmental timing of berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Wu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiujie Li
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bo Li
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Nozawa A, Miyazaki R, Aoki Y, Hirose R, Hori R, Muramatsu C, Shigematsu Y, Nemoto K, Hasegawa Y, Fujita K, Miyakawa T, Tanokura M, Suzuki S, Sawasaki T. Identification of a new gibberellin receptor agonist, diphegaractin, by a cell-free chemical screening system. Commun Biol 2023; 6:448. [PMID: 37160969 PMCID: PMC10170162 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gibberellin (GA) is a phytohormone that regulates various developmental processes during the plant life cycle. In this study, we identify a new GA agonist, diphegaractin, using a wheat cell-free based drug screening system with grape GA receptor. A GA-dependent interaction assay system using GA receptors and DELLA proteins from Vitis vinifera was constructed using AlphaScreen technology and cell-free produced proteins. From the chemical compound library, diphegaractin was found to enhance the interactions between GA receptors and DELLA proteins from grape in vitro. In grapes, we found that diphegaractin induces elongation of the bunch and increases the sugar concentration of grape berries. Furthermore, diphegaractin shows GA-like activity, including promotion of root elongation in lettuce and Arabidopsis, as well as reducing peel pigmentation and suppressing peel puffing in citrus fruit. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to successfully identify a GA receptor agonist showing GA-like activity in agricultural plants using an in vitro molecular-targeted drug screening system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Nozawa
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ryoko Miyazaki
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Aoki
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture, University of Yamanashi, 1-13-1, Kitashin, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-0005, Japan
| | - Reina Hirose
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hori
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Chihiro Muramatsu
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yukinori Shigematsu
- Fruit Tree Research Center, Ehime Research Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1618 Shimo-idai, Matsuyama, Ehime, 791-0112, Japan
| | - Keiichirou Nemoto
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Keiko Fujita
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka-cho, Shobara, Hiroshima, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shunji Suzuki
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture, University of Yamanashi, 1-13-1, Kitashin, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-0005, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawasaki
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan.
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Gao L, Niu D, Chi T, Yuan Y, Liu C, Gai S, Zhang Y. PsRGL1 negatively regulates chilling- and gibberellin-induced dormancy release by PsF-box1-mediated targeting for proteolytic degradation in tree peony. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad044. [PMID: 37786434 PMCID: PMC10541556 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Tree peony bud endodormancy is a common survival strategy similar to many perennial woody plants in winter, and the activation of the GA signaling pathway is the key to breaking endodormancy. GA signal transduction is involved in many physiological processes. Although the GA-GID1-DELLA regulatory module is conserved in many plants, it has a set of specific components that add complexity to the GA response mechanism. DELLA proteins are key switches in GA signaling. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify the key DELLA proteins involved in tree peony bud dormancy release. In this study, the prolonged chilling increased the content of endogenously active gibberellins. PsRGL1 among three DELLA proteins was significantly downregulated during chilling- and exogenous GA3-induced bud dormancy release by cell-free degradation assay, and a high level of polyubiquitination was detected. Silencing PsRGL1 accelerated bud dormancy release by increasing the expression of the genes associated with dormancy release, including PsCYCD, PsEBB1, PsEBB3, PsBG6, and PsBG9. Three F-box protein family members responded to chilling and GA3 treatments, resulting in PsF-box1 induction. Yeast two-hybrid and BiFC assays indicated that only PsF-box1 could bind to PsRGL1, and the binding site was in the C-terminal domain. PsF-box1 overexpression promoted dormancy release and upregulated the expression of the dormancy-related genes. In addition, yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays showed that PsF-box1 also interacted with PsSKP1 to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase. These findings enriched the molecular mechanism of the GA signaling pathway during dormancy release, and enhanced the understanding of tree peony bud endodormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqiang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Demei Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tianyu Chi
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanchao Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chunying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shupeng Gai
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China
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Zhang X, Zhao B, Sun Y, Feng Y. Effects of gibberellins on important agronomic traits of horticultural plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:978223. [PMID: 36267949 PMCID: PMC9578688 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.978223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Horticultural plants such as vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants are crucial to human life and socioeconomic development. Gibberellins (GAs), a class of diterpenoid compounds, control numerous developmental processes of plants. The roles of GAs in regulating growth and development of horticultural plants, and in regulating significant progress have been clarified. These findings have significant implications for promoting the quality and quantity of the products of horticultural plants. Here we review recent progress in determining the roles of GAs (including biosynthesis and signaling) in regulating plant stature, axillary meristem outgrowth, compound leaf development, flowering time, and parthenocarpy. These findings will provide a solid foundation for further improving the quality and quantity of horticultural plants products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baolin Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, China
| | - Yibo Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yulong Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Wang P, Xuan X, Su Z, Wang W, Abdelrahman M, Jiu S, Zhang X, Liu Z, Wang X, Wang C, Fang J. Identification of miRNAs-mediated seed and stone-hardening regulatory networks and their signal pathway of GA-induced seedless berries in grapevine (V. vinifera L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:442. [PMID: 34587914 PMCID: PMC8480016 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stone-hardening stage is crucial to the development of grape seed and berry quality. A significant body of evidence supports the important roles of MicroRNAs in grape-berry development, but their specific molecular functions during grape stone-hardening stage remain unclear. RESULTS Here, a total of 161 conserved and 85 species-specific miRNAs/miRNAs* (precursor) were identified in grape berries at stone-hardening stage using Solexa sequencing. Amongst them, 30 VvmiRNAs were stone-hardening stage-specific, whereas 52 exhibited differential expression profiles during berry development, potentially participating in the modulation of berry development as verified by their expression patterns. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that 13 VvmiRNAs might be involved in the regulation of embryo development, another 11 in lignin and cellulose biosynthesis, and also 28 in the modulation of hormone signaling, sugar, and proline metabolism. Furthermore, the target genes for 4 novel VvmiRNAs related to berry development were validated using RNA Ligase-Mediated (RLM)-RACE and Poly(A) Polymerase-Mediated (PPM)-RACE methods, and their cleavage mainly occurred at the 9th-11th sites from the 5' ends of miRNAs at their binding regions. In view of the regulatory roles of GA in seed embryo development and stone-hardening in grape, we investigated the expression modes of VvmiRNAs and their target genes during GA-induced grape seedless-berry development, and we validated that GA induced the expression of VvmiR31-3p and VvmiR8-5p to negatively regulate the expression levels of CAFFEOYL COENZYME A-3-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE (VvCCoAOMT), and DDB1-CUL4 ASSOCIATED FACTOR1 (VvDCAF1). The series of changes might repress grape stone hardening and embryo development, which might be a potential key molecular mechanism in GA-induced grape seedless-berry development. Finally, a schematic model of miRNA-mediated grape seed and stone-hardening development was proposed. CONCLUSION This work identified 30 stone-hardening stage-specific VvmiRNAs and 52 significant differential expression ones, and preliminary interpreted the potential molecular mechanism of GA-induced grape parthenocarpy. GA negatively manipulate the expression of VvCCoAOMT and VvDCAF1 by up-regulation the expression of VvmiR31-3p and VvmiR8-5p, thereby repressing seed stone and embryo development to produce grape seedless berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuxian Xuan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ziwen Su
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Wenran Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-001, Japan
| | - Songtao Jiu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jinggui Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Zhou Y, Li Y, Gong M, Qin F, Xiao D, Zhan J, Wang A, He L. Regulatory mechanism of GA 3 on tuber growth by DELLA-dependent pathway in yam (Dioscorea opposita). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:433-448. [PMID: 34142302 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous GA3 responses to DoEXP and DoXTH depend on the DoGA20ox1, DoGA3ox1, DoGA2ox3, DoGA2ox4, DoGID1a, and DoDELLA1 to regulate yam tuber growth. Yam tuber undergoes significant alteration in morphogenesis and functions during growth, and gibberellins (GA) are considered potentially important regulators of tuber growth. However, it is little known about the regulation of GA metabolism and GA signaling components genes in tuber growth of yam. In this study, the cloning and expressions of GA3 level, GA metabolism and signaling genes, and cell wall genes in tuber growth in response to GA3 and GA biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PP333) treatments were studied. The contents of GA3 accumulated at the tuber growth, with the highest levels in the early expansion stage. DoGA20ox1, DoGA3ox1, and four DoGA2ox genes were significantly abundant in the early expansion stage of tuber and gradually declined along with tuber growth. Three DoGID1 and three DoDELLA genes were showed different expression patterns in the early expansion stage of tuber and gradually declined along with tuber growth. Five DoEXP and three DoXTH genes expression levels were higher in the early expansion stage than in other stages. Exogenous GA3 increased endogenous GA3 levels, whereas the expression levels of DoGA20ox1, DoGA3ox1, DoGID1a, and DoDELLA1 were down-regulated in the early expansion stage of tuber by GA3 treatment, DoGA2ox3 and DoGA2ox4 were up-regulated. PP333 application exhibited opposite consequences. Thus, a mechanism of GA3 regulating yam tuber growth by DELLA-dependent pathway is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Zhou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Gong
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Qin
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Xiao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longfei He
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Tyagi K, Maoz I, Kochanek B, Sela N, Lerno L, Ebeler SE, Lichter A. Cytokinin but not gibberellin application had major impact on the phenylpropanoid pathway in grape. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:51. [PMID: 33642590 PMCID: PMC7917099 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin and gibberellic acid (GA) are growth regulators used to increase berry size in seedless grapes and it is of interest to understand their effects on the phenylpropanoid pathway and on ripening processes. GA3 and synthetic cytokinin forchlorfenuron (N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea, CPPU) and their combination were applied to 6 mm diameter fruitlets of 'Sable Seedless', and berries were sampled 51 and 70 days (d) following application. All treatments increased berry size and delayed sugar accumulation and acid degradation with a stronger effect of CPPU. CPPU, but not GA, reduced berry color and the levels of anthocyanins. While CPPU reduced the levels of anthocyanins by more than 50%, the combined treatment of GA+CPPU reduced the levels by about 25% at 51 d. CPPU treatment had minor effects on flavonols content but increased the levels of monomeric flavan-3-ols by more than two-fold. Phloroglucinol analysis using HPLC showed that proanthocyanidin content was significantly increased by CPPU, whereas mean degree of polymerization was reduced from 26 to 19. Volatile analysis by GC-MS showed changes in composition with CPPU or GA treatment with potential impact on flavor. RNA-seq analysis showed that GA had a minor overall effect on the transcriptome whereas CPPU had pronounced effects on gene expression at both 51 and 70 d. Comparing the control and CPPU at similar Brix of ca. 19.7°, a reduced expression of stilbene synthases (STSs) including their regulators MYB14 and MYB15, and other phenylpropanoid-related genes was observed in CPPU-treated grapes. Overall, our study shows that CPPU had a major influence on the phenylpropanoid pathway and affected multiple ripening-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Tyagi
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Itay Maoz
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Bettina Kochanek
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Larry Lerno
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Susan E Ebeler
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Amnon Lichter
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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El-Sharkawy I, Ismail A, Darwish A, El Kayal W, Subramanian J, Sherif SM. Functional characterization of a gibberellin F-box protein, PslSLY1, during plum fruit development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:371-384. [PMID: 32945838 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fruit development is orchestrated by a complex network of interactions between hormone signaling pathways. The phytohormone gibberellin (GA) is known to regulate a diverse range of developmental processes; however, the mechanisms of GA action in perennial fruit species are yet to be elucidated. In the current study, a GA signaling gene PslSLY1, encoding a putative F-box protein that belongs to the SLY1 (SLEEPY1)/GID2 (gibberellin-insensitive dwarf2) gene family, was isolated from Japanese plum (Prunus salicina). PslSLY1 transcript abundance declined as fruit development progressed, along with potential negative feedback regulation of PslSLY1 by GA. Subcellular localization and protein-protein interaction assays suggested that PslSLY1 functions as an active GA signaling component that interacts with the ASK1 (Arabidopsis SKP1) subunit of an SCF-ubiquitin ligase complex and with PslDELLA repressors, in a GA-independent manner. By using a domain omission strategy, we illustrated that the F-box and C-terminal domains of PslSLY1 are essential for its interactions with the downstream GA signaling components. PslSLY1 overexpression in wild-type and Arabidopsissly1.10 mutant backgrounds resulted in a dramatic enhancement in overall plant growth, presumably due to triggered GA signaling. This includes germination characteristics, stem elongation, flower structure, and fertility. Overall, our findings shed new light on the GA strategy and signaling network in commercially important perennial crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam El-Sharkawy
- Florida A&M University, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Damanhour University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Damanhour, Behera, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Darwish
- Florida A&M University, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Minia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Minia, Egypt
| | - Walid El Kayal
- Florida A&M University, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- American University of Beirut, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Sherif M Sherif
- Virginia Tech, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, AHS Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Winchester, VA, USA
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Hugalde IP, Agüero CB, Barrios-Masias FH, Romero N, Viet Nguyen A, Riaz S, Piccoli P, McElrone AJ, Walker MA, Vila HF. Modeling vegetative vigour in grapevine: unraveling underlying mechanisms. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05708. [PMID: 33385078 PMCID: PMC7770548 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic modeling constitutes a powerful tool to unravel complex biological phenomena. This study describes the construction of a mechanistic, dynamic model for grapevine plant growth and canopy biomass (vigor). To parametrize and validate the model, the progeny from a cross of Ramsey (Vitis champinii) × Riparia Gloire (V. riparia) was evaluated. Plants with different vigor were grown in a greenhouse during the summer of 2014 and 2015. One set of plants was grafted with Cabernet Sauvignon. Shoot growth rate (b), leaf area (LA), dry biomass, whole plant and root specific hydraulic conductance (kH and Lpr), stomatal conductance (gs), and water potential (Ψ) were measured. Partitioning indices and specific leaf area (SLA) were calculated. The model includes an empirical fit of a purported seasonal pattern of bioactive GAs based on published seasonal evolutionary levels and reference values. The model provided a good fit of the experimental data, with R = 0.85. Simulation of single trait variations defined the individual effect of each variable on vigor determination. The model predicts, with acceptable accuracy, the vigor of a young plant through the measurement of Lpr and SLA. The model also permits further understanding of the functional traits that govern vigor, and, ultimately, could be considered useful for growers, breeders and those studying climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés P. Hugalde
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, INTA, San Martín 3853, M. Drummond, 5507, Mendoza, Argentina
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Cecilia B. Agüero
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Felipe H. Barrios-Masias
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Dept. Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Nina Romero
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Andy Viet Nguyen
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Summaira Riaz
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Patricia Piccoli
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, UNCuyo – CONICET, Argentina
| | - Andrew J. McElrone
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- USDA-ARS, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - M. Andrew Walker
- Dept. Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hernán F. Vila
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, INTA, San Martín 3853, M. Drummond, 5507, Mendoza, Argentina
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12
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Shi Z, Halaly-Basha T, Zheng C, Sharabi-Schwager M, Wang C, Galbraith DW, Ophir R, Pang X, Or E. Identification of potential post-ethylene events in the signaling cascade induced by stimuli of bud dormancy release in grapevine. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:1251-1268. [PMID: 32989852 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene signaling appears critical for grape bud dormancy release. We therefore focused on identification and characterization of potential downstream targets and events, assuming that they participate in the regulation of dormancy release. Because ethylene responding factors (ERF) are natural candidates for targets of ethylene signaling, we initially characterized the behavior of two VvERF-VIIs, which we identified within a gene set induced by dormancy release stimuli. As expected, these VvERF-VIIs are localized within the nucleus, and are stabilized upon decreases in oxygen availability within the dormant buds. Less expected, the proteins are also stabilized upon hydrogen cyanamide (HC) application under normoxic conditions, and their levels peak at deepest dormancy under vineyard conditions. We proceeded to catalog the response of all bud-expressed ERFs, and identified additional ERFs that respond similarly to ethylene, HC, azide and hypoxia. We also identified a core set of genes that are similarly affected by treatment with ethylene and with various dormancy release stimuli. Interestingly, the functional annotations of this core set center around response to energy crisis and renewal of energy resources via autophagy-mediated catabolism. Because ERF-VIIs are stabilized under energy shortage and reshape cell metabolism to allow energy regeneration, we propose that: (i) the availability of VvERF-VIIs is a consequence of an energy crisis within the bud; (ii) VvERF-VIIs function as part of an energy-regenerating mechanism, which activates anaerobic metabolism and autophagy-mediated macromolecule catabolism; and (iii) activation of catabolism serves as the mandatory switch and the driving force for activation of the growth-inhibited meristem during bud-break.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowan Shi
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tamar Halaly-Basha
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Chuanlin Zheng
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Michal Sharabi-Schwager
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - David W Galbraith
- School of Plant Sciences and Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jin Ming Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jin Ming Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Ron Ophir
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Xuequn Pang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Etti Or
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
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13
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Honi U, Amin MR, Kabir SMT, Bashar KK, Moniruzzaman M, Jahan R, Jahan S, Haque MS, Islam S. Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression profiling of gibberellin metabolism genes in jute. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:306. [PMID: 32611317 PMCID: PMC7329397 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gibberellin (GA) is one of the most essential phytohormones that modulate plant growth and development. Jute (Corchorus sp.) is the second most important source of bast fiber. Our result has shown that exogenous GA can positively regulate jute height and related characteristics which mean increasing endogenous GA production will help to get a jute variety with improved characteristics. However, genes involved in jute GA biosynthesis have not been analyzed precisely. RESULTS Genome-wide analysis identified twenty-two candidate genes involved in jute GA biosynthesis pathway. Among them, four genes- CoCPS, CoKS, CoKO and CoKAO work in early steps. Seven CoGA20oxs, three CoGA3oxs, and eight GA2oxs genes work in the later steps. These genes were characterized through phylogenetic, motif, gene structure, and promoter region analysis along with chromosomal localization. Spatial gene expression analysis revealed that 11 GA oxidases were actively related to jute GA production and four of them were marked as key regulators based on their expression level. All the biosynthesis genes both early and later steps showed tissue specificity. GA oxidase genes were under feedback regulation whereas early steps genes were not subject to such regulation. CONCLUSION Enriched knowledge about jute GA biosynthesis pathway and genes will help to increase endogenous GA production in jute by changing the expression level of key regulator genes. CoGA20ox7, CoGA3ox2, CoGA2ox3, and CoGA2ox5 may be the most important genes for GA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummay Honi
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ruhul Amin
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Md Tamim Kabir
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Khayrul Bashar
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Rownak Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Samiul Haque
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
- Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Basic and Applied Research on Jute Project, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
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14
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Jia H, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Fu W, Su L, Fang J, Jia H. Effect of the Methylation Level on the Grape Fruit Development Process. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2099-2115. [PMID: 31961688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine is extensively grown for fresh table grapes, wine, and other processed products worldwide. DNA methylation levels are regulated by DNA methylation maintenance and DNA methylation removal involved in the grapevine growth. We comprehensively analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome of the 'Kyoho' fruit with or without demethylation and screened for a large number of differential genes and metabolites. Color, hardness, and aroma are the most obvious traits reflecting the ripening of grapes. We used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography to understand the changes in metabolites during ripening. We cloned many key genes selected by transcriptome analysis and found that intron retention was observed in VvCHS, VvDFR, and VvGST. The imbalance of methylation levels affects the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, which makes the translation process abnormal and affects gene expression. In addition, analyzing promoters of some genes, such as proVvGST4 and proVvUFGT, found that the promoters of these genes after demethylating were more difficult to methylate. Taken together, this study will provide new insights into comprehension of the molecular mechanism of methylation during ripening of grape berries. In addition, the study provides some genetic information to help guide our improvement, cultivation, and management of grapes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Jia
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zibo Zhang
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Saihang Zhang
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Fu
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Su
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Jia
- College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
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15
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Tobar M, Fiore N, Pérez-Donoso AG, León R, Rosales IM, Gambardella M. Divergent molecular and growth responses of young "Cabernet Sauvignon" ( Vitis vinifera) plants to simple and mixed infections with Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:2. [PMID: 31908805 PMCID: PMC6938478 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus (GRSPaV) is one of the most widely distributed viruses; even so, little is known about its effect on Vitis vinifera. To provide new insights, the effects of single and mixed GRSPaV infections on the V. vinifera cultivar "Cabernet Sauvignon" were studied by evaluating growth parameters, such as measurements of the total plant length, the number and distance of internodes and the number of leaves per shoot. In addition, parameters relating to gas exchange, i.e., the stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, internal CO2 concentration and leaf transpiration, were also assessed. All the measurements were performed in one- and two-year-old plants with a single GRSPaV infection or mixed infections of GRSPaV and Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV). The results show that the plant phytosanitary status did not significantly alter the growth and gas exchange parameters in one-year-old plants. However, in two-year-old plants, single GRSPaV infections increased shoot elongation, which was accompanied by the overexpression of genes associated with the gibberellic acid response pathway. The gas exchange parameters of these plants were negatively affected, despite exhibiting higher LHCII gene expression. Plants with mixed infections did not have modified growth parameters, although they presented a greater reduction in the primary photosynthetic parameters evaluated with no change in LHCII expression. The results presented here confirm the co-evolution hypothesis for V. vinifera and GRSPaV during the early stages of plant development, and they provide new evidence about the effects of GRSPaV and GFLV co-infections on the "Cabernet Sauvignon" cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Tobar
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - N. Fiore
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Avenida Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, 8820808 Chile
| | - A. G. Pérez-Donoso
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - R. León
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - I. M. Rosales
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - M. Gambardella
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
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16
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Shiri Y, Solouki M, Ebrahimie E, Emamjomeh A, Zahiri J. Gibberellin causes wide transcriptional modifications in the early stage of grape cluster development. Genomics 2019; 112:820-830. [PMID: 31136791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Yaghooti grape of Sistan is seedless, early ripening but has compact clusters. To study gibberellin effect on cluster compactness of Yaghooti grape, it has been studied transcriptomic changes in three developmental stages (cluster formation, berry formation and final size of cluster). We found out that 5409 of 22,756 genes in cluster tissue showed significant changes under gibberellin. Finally, it was showed that 2855, 2862 and 497 genes have critically important role on above developmental stages, respectively. GO enrichment analysis showed that gibberellin enhances biochemical pathways activity. Moreover, genes involved in ribosomal structure and photosynthesis rate in cluster tissue were up- and down- regulated, respectively. In addition, we observed location of metabolomic activities was transferred from nucleus to cytoplasm and from cytoplasm to cell wall and intercellular spaces during cluster development; but there is not such situation in gibberellin treated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasoub Shiri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Research Center, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Solouki
- Laboratory of Computational Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (PBB), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Abbasali Emamjomeh
- Laboratory of Computational Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (PBB), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Javad Zahiri
- Bioinformatics and Computational Omics Lab (BioCOOL), Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Arro J, Yang Y, Song GQ, Zhong GY. RNA-Seq reveals new DELLA targets and regulation in transgenic GA-insensitive grapevines. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:80. [PMID: 30777012 PMCID: PMC6379989 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gibberellins (GAs) and their regulator DELLA are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development and most of our current knowledge in the DELLA-facilitated GA signaling was obtained from the studies of annual species. To understand GA-DELLA signaling in perennial species, we created ten GA-insensitive transgenic grapevines carrying a DELLA mutant allele (Vvgai1) in the background of Vitis vinifera 'Thompson Seedless' and conducted comprehensive analysis of their RNA expression profiles in the shoot, leaf and root tissues. RESULTS The transgenic lines showed varying degrees of dwarf stature and other typical DELLA mutant phenotypes tightly correlated with the levels of Vvgai1 expression. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the shoot, leaf and root tissues of the transgenic lines and these DEGs were involved in diverse biological processes; many of the DEGs showed strong tissue specificity and about 30% them carried a DELLA motif. We further discovered unexpected expression patterns of several key flowering induction genes VvCO, VvCOL1 and VvTFL1. CONCLUSIONS Our results not only confirmed many previous DELLA study findings in annual species, but also revealed new DELLA targets and responses in grapevine, including the roles of homeodomain transcription factors as potential co-regulators with DELLA in controlling the development of grapevine which uniquely possess both vegetative and reproductive meristems at the same time. The contrasting responses of some key flowering induction pathway genes provides new insights into the divergence of GA-DELLA regulations between annual and perennial species in GA-DELLA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Arro
- USDA-ARS Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
| | - Yingzhen Yang
- USDA-ARS Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
| | - Guo-Qing Song
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823 USA
| | - Gan-Yuan Zhong
- USDA-ARS Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
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18
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Zheng C, Acheampong AK, Shi Z, Mugzech A, Halaly-Basha T, Shaya F, Sun Y, Colova V, Mosquna A, Ophir R, Galbraith DW, Or E. Abscisic acid catabolism enhances dormancy release of grapevine buds. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2490-2503. [PMID: 29907961 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism regulating dormancy release in grapevine buds is as yet unclear. It was formerly proposed that dormancy is maintained by abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated repression of bud-meristem activity and that removal of this repression triggers dormancy release. It was also proposed that such removal of repression may be achieved via natural or artificial up-regulation of VvA8H-CYP707A4, which encodes ABA 8'-hydroxylase, and is the most highly expressed paralog in grapevine buds. The current study further examines these assumptions, and its experiments reveal that (a) hypoxia and ethylene, stimuli of bud dormancy release, enhance expression of VvA8H-CYP707A4 within grape buds, (b) the VvA8H-CYP707A4 protein accumulates during the natural transition to the dormancy release stage, and (c) transgenic vines overexpressing VvA8H-CYP707A4 exhibit increased ABA catabolism and significant enhancement of bud break in controlled and natural environments and longer basal summer laterals. The results suggest that VvA8H-CYP707A4 functions as an ABA degrading enzyme, and are consistent with a model in which the VvA8H-CYP707A4 level in the bud is up-regulated by natural and artificial bud break stimuli, which leads to increased ABA degradation capacity, removal of endogenous ABA-mediated repression, and enhanced regrowth. Interestingly, it also hints at sharing of regulatory steps between latent and lateral bud outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlin Zheng
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Atiako Kwame Acheampong
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Zhaowan Shi
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amichay Mugzech
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Tamar Halaly-Basha
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Felix Shaya
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Yufei Sun
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Violeta Colova
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Assaf Mosquna
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Ophir
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - David W Galbraith
- School of Plant Sciences and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Etti Or
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Zheng C, Kwame Acheampong A, Shi Z, Halaly T, Kamiya Y, Ophir R, Galbraith DW, Or E. Distinct gibberellin functions during and after grapevine bud dormancy release. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1635-1648. [PMID: 29385616 PMCID: PMC5888973 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism regulating dormancy release in grapevine buds is as yet unclear. It has been hypothesized that (i) abscisic acid (ABA) represses bud-meristem activity; (ii) perturbation of respiration induces an interplay between ethylene and ABA metabolism, which leads to removal of repression; and (iii) gibberellin (GA)-mediated growth is resumed. The first two hypothesis have been formally supported. The current study examines the third hypothesis regarding the potential involvement of GA in dormancy release. We found that during natural dormancy induction, levels of VvGA3ox, VvGA20ox, and VvGASA2 transcripts and of GA1 were decreased. However, during dormancy release, expression of these genes was enhanced, accompanied by decreased expression of the bud-expressed GA-deactivating VvGA2ox. Despite indications for its positive role during natural dormancy release, GA application had inhibitory effects on bud break. Hydrogen cyanamide up-regulated VvGA2ox and down-regulated VvGA3ox and VvGA20ox expression, reduced GA1 levels, and partially rescued the negative effect of GA. GA had an inhibitory effect only when applied simultaneously with bud-forcing initiation. Given these results, we hypothesize that during initial activation of the dormant bud meristem, the level of GA must be restricted, but after meristem activation an increase in its level serves to enhance primordia regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlin Zheng
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Atiako Kwame Acheampong
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Zhaowan Shi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tamar Halaly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Yuji Kamiya
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ron Ophir
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - David W Galbraith
- School of Plant Sciences and Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Etti Or
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Acheampong AK, Zheng C, Halaly T, Giacomelli L, Takebayashi Y, Jikumaru Y, Kamiya Y, Lichter A, Or E. Abnormal Endogenous Repression of GA Signaling in a Seedless Table Grape Cultivar with High Berry Growth Response to GA Application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:850. [PMID: 28596775 PMCID: PMC5442209 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellin (GA) application is routinely used in the table grape industry to increase berry size and cluster length. Although grapevine cultivars show a wide range of growth responsiveness to GA3 application, the reasons for these differences is unclear. To shed light on this issue, two commercial grapevine cultivars with contrasting berry response to GA were selected for comparative analysis, in which we tested if the differences in response: (1) is organ-specific or cultivar-related; (2) will be reflected in qualitative/quantitative differences in transcripts/proteins of central components of GA metabolism and signaling and levels of GA metabolites. Our results showed that in addition to the high response of its berries to GA, internodes and rachis of cv. Black finger (BF) presented a greater growth response compared to that of cv. Spring blush (SB). In agreement, the results exposed significant quantitative differences in GA signaling components in several organs of both cultivars. Exceptionally higher level of all three functional VvDELLA proteins was recorded in young BF organs, accompanied by elevated VvGID1 expression and lower VvSLY1b transcripts. Absence of seed traces, low endogenous GA quantities and lower expression of VvGA20ox4 and VvGA3ox3 were also recorded in berries of BF. Our results raise the hypothesis that, in young organs of BF, low expression of VvSLY1b may be responsible for the massive accumulation of VvDELLA proteins, which then leads to elevated VvGID1 levels. This integrated analysis suggests causal relationship between endogenous mechanisms leading to anomalous GA signaling repression in BF, manifested by high quantities of VvDELLA proteins, and greater growth response to GA application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiako K. Acheampong
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani CenterBet Dagan, Israel
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot, Israel
| | - Chuanlin Zheng
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani CenterBet Dagan, Israel
| | - Tamar Halaly
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani CenterBet Dagan, Israel
| | - Lisa Giacomelli
- Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Amnon Lichter
- Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani CenterBet Dagan, Israel
| | - Etti Or
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani CenterBet Dagan, Israel
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21
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Plum Fruit Development Occurs via Gibberellin-Sensitive and -Insensitive DELLA Repressors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169440. [PMID: 28076366 PMCID: PMC5226729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit growth depends on highly coordinated hormonal activities. The phytohormone gibberellin (GA) promotes growth by triggering degradation of the growth-repressing DELLA proteins; however, the extent to which such proteins contribute to GA-mediated fruit development remains to be clarified. Three new plum genes encoding DELLA proteins, PslGAI, PslRGL and PslRGA were isolated and functionally characterized. Analysis of expression profile during fruit development suggested that PslDELLA are transcriptionally regulated during flower and fruit ontogeny with potential positive regulation by GA and ethylene, depending on organ and developmental stage. PslGAI and PslRGL deduced proteins contain all domains present in typical DELLA proteins. However, PslRGA exhibited a degenerated DELLA domain and subsequently lacks in GID1–DELLA interaction property. PslDELLA–overexpression in WT Arabidopsis caused dramatic disruption in overall growth including root length, stem elongation, plant architecture, flower structure, fertility, and considerable retardation in development due to dramatic distortion in GA-metabolic pathway. GA treatment enhanced PslGAI/PslRGL interaction with PslGID1 receptors, causing protein destabilization and relief of growth-restraining effect. By contrast, PslRGA protein was not degraded by GA due to its inability to interact with PslGID1. Relative to other PslDELLA–mutants, PslRGA–plants displayed stronger constitutive repressive growth that was irreversible by GA application. The present results describe additional complexities in GA-signalling during plum fruit development, which may be particularly important to optimize successful reproductive growth.
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22
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Gourieroux AM, McCully ME, Holzapfel BP, Scollary GR, Rogiers SY. Flowers regulate the growth and vascular development of the inflorescence rachis in Vitis vinifera L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 108:519-529. [PMID: 27596018 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The rachis, the structural framework of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) inflorescence (and subsequent bunch), consists of a main axis and one or more orders of lateral branches with the flower-bearing pedicels at their fine tips. The rachis is crucial both for support, and transport from the shoot. Earlier suggestions that the flowers per se affect normal rachis development are investigated further in this study. Different percentages (0, 25, 50, 75 or 100) of flowers were removed manually one week before anthesis on field-grown vines. Treatment effects on subsequent rachis development (curvature, vitality, anatomy, starch deposit) were assessed. Sections, both fixed and embedded, and fresh hand-cut were observed by fluorescence and bright-field optics after appropriate staining. Emphasis was on measurement of changes in cross-sectional area of secondary xylem and phloem, and on maturation of fibres and periderm. Specific defects in rachis development were dependent on the percent and location of flower removal one week prior to anthesis. The rachises curved inwards where most of the flowers were removed. When fully de-flowered, they became progressively necrotic from the laterals back to the primary axes and from the distal to the proximal end of those axes, with a concurrent disorganisation of their anatomy. A few remaining groups of flowers prevented desiccation and abscission of the rachis axes proximal to the group, but not distally. Flower removal (50%) reduced rachis elongation, while 75% removal reduced xylem and phloem area and delayed phloem fibre and periderm development. 75% flower removal did not affect starch present in the rachis during berry development. Developing flowers affect the growth and vitality of the rachis and the development of its vascular and support structures. The extent of these effects depends on the cultivar and the number and position of flowers remaining after some are removed one week before anthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude M Gourieroux
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret E McCully
- Division of Plant Industry, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia; Plant Science Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Bruno P Holzapfel
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Scollary
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Suzy Y Rogiers
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
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Liu B, Liu X, Yang S, Chen C, Xue S, Cai Y, Wang D, Yin S, Gai X, Ren H. Silencing of the gibberellin receptor homolog, CsGID1a, affects locule formation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) fruit. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 210:551-63. [PMID: 26701170 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins are phytohormones with many roles, including the regulation of fruit development. However, little is known about the relationship between GA perception and fleshy fruit ontogeny, and particularly locule formation. We characterized the expression of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) GA receptor gene (CsGID1a) using quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hybridization and a promoter::β-glucuronidase (GUS) assay. CsGID1a-RNAi cucumber fruits were observed by dissecting microscope, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Finally, genome-wide gene expression in young fruits from a control and the RNAi line was compared using a digital gene expression (DGE) analysis approach. The expression pattern of CsGID1a was found to be closely correlated with fruit locule formation, and silencing CsGID1a in cucumber resulted in fruits with abnormal carpels and locules. Overexpression of CsGID1a in the Arabidopsis thaliana double mutant (gid1a gid1c) resulted in 'cucumber locule-like' fruits. The DGE analysis suggested that expression of genes related to auxin synthesis and transport, as well as the cell cycle, was altered in CsGID1a-RNAi fruits, a result that was supported by comparing the auxin content and cellular structures of the control and transgenic fruits. This study demonstrates a previously uncharacterized GA signaling pathway that is essential for cucumber fruit locule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shudan Xue
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanling Cai
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinshuang Gai
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huazhong Ren
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Pegoraro C, Tadiello A, Girardi CL, Chaves FC, Quecini V, de Oliveira AC, Trainotti L, Rombaldi CV. Transcriptional regulatory networks controlling woolliness in peach in response to preharvest gibberellin application and cold storage. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:279. [PMID: 26582034 PMCID: PMC4652400 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postharvest fruit conservation relies on low temperatures and manipulations of hormone metabolism to maintain sensory properties. Peaches are susceptible to chilling injuries, such as 'woolliness' that is caused by juice loss leading to a 'wooly' fruit texture. Application of gibberellic acid at the initial stages of pit hardening impairs woolliness incidence, however the mechanisms controlling the response remain unknown. We have employed genome wide transcriptional profiling to investigate the effects of gibberellic acid application and cold storage on harvested peaches. RESULTS Approximately half of the investigated genes exhibited significant differential expression in response to the treatments. Cellular and developmental process gene ontologies were overrepresented among the differentially regulated genes, whereas sequences in cell death and immune response categories were underrepresented. Gene set enrichment demonstrated a predominant role of cold storage in repressing the transcription of genes associated to cell wall metabolism. In contrast, genes involved in hormone responses exhibited a more complex transcriptional response, indicating an extensive network of crosstalk between hormone signaling and low temperatures. Time course transcriptional analyses demonstrate the large contribution of gene expression regulation on the biochemical changes leading to woolliness in peach. CONCLUSION Overall, our results provide insights on the mechanisms controlling the complex phenotypes associated to postharvest textural changes in peach and suggest that hormone mediated reprogramming previous to pit hardening affects the onset of chilling injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pegoraro
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus UFPel Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
- Current Address: Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Rua Livramento 515, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95700-000, Brazil.
| | - Alice Tadiello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo, Padova, 3, 35121, Italy.
- Current Address: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, 38010, Italy.
| | - César L Girardi
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Rua Livramento 515, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95700-000, Brazil.
| | - Fábio C Chaves
- Departament of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus UFPel Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Vera Quecini
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Rua Livramento 515, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95700-000, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Costa de Oliveira
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus UFPel Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Livio Trainotti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo, Padova, 3, 35121, Italy.
| | - Cesar Valmor Rombaldi
- Departament of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus UFPel Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
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