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Zhang P, Yue L, Leng Q, Chang C, Gan C, Ye T, Cao D. Targeting FGFR for cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:39. [PMID: 38831455 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The FGFR signaling pathway is integral to cellular activities, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in numerous human cancers, positioning FGFR as a prominent therapeutic target. Here, we conduct a comprehensive review of the function, signaling pathways and abnormal alterations of FGFR, as well as its role in tumorigenesis and development. Additionally, we provide an in-depth analysis of pivotal phase 2 and 3 clinical trials evaluating the performance and safety of FGFR inhibitors in oncology, thereby shedding light on the current state of clinical research in this field. Then, we highlight four drugs that have been approved for marketing by the FDA, offering insights into their molecular mechanisms and clinical achievements. Our discussion encompasses the intricate landscape of FGFR-driven tumorigenesis, current techniques for pinpointing FGFR anomalies, and clinical experiences with FGFR inhibitor regimens. Furthermore, we discuss the inherent challenges of targeting the FGFR pathway, encompassing resistance mechanisms such as activation by gatekeeper mutations, alternative pathways, and potential adverse reactions. By synthesizing the current evidence, we underscore the potential of FGFR-centric therapies to enhance patient prognosis, while emphasizing the imperative need for continued research to surmount resistance and optimize treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Yue
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - QingQing Leng
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Chang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Cailing Gan
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Dan Cao
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Golub D, Lynch DG, Pan PC, Liechty B, Slocum C, Bale T, Pisapia DJ, Juthani R. Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young with FGFR3-TACC3 fusion mimicking high-grade glioma: case report and series of high-grade correlates. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1307591. [PMID: 38074682 PMCID: PMC10698862 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1307591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) is a recently described entity that can mimic high-grade glioma (HGG) in histologic and molecular features; however, factors predicting aggressive behavior in these tumors are unclear. Methods We present an indolent neuroepithelial neoplasm in a 59-year-old female with imaging initially suggestive of HGG, and a series of adult patients with HGG harboring FGFR3-TACC3 fusions are also presented for comparison. Results Pathology in the case patient revealed low-grade cytomorphology, microcalcifications, unusual neovascularization, and a low proliferation index. The lesion was diffusely CD34+ and harbored an FGFR3-TACC3 fusion and TERT promoter mutation. A diagnosis of PLNTY was therefore favored and the patient was observed with no progression at 15-month follow-up. In patients with HGG with FGFR3-TACC3 fusions, molecular findings included IDH-wildtype status, absence of 1p19q codeletion, CDKN2A loss, TERT promoter mutations and lack of MGMT promoter methylation. These patients demonstrated a median 15-month overall survival and a 6-month progression-free survival. Conclusion PLNTY is a rare low-grade entity that can display characteristics of HGG, particularly in adults. Presence of FGFR3-TACC3 fusions and other high-grade features should raise concern for a more malignant precursor lesion when a diagnosis of PLNTY is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Golub
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Daniel G. Lynch
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Peter C. Pan
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin Liechty
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cheyanne Slocum
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tejus Bale
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - David J. Pisapia
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rupa Juthani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Métais A, Tauziède-Espariat A, Garcia J, Appay R, Uro-Coste E, Meyronet D, Maurage CA, Vandenbos F, Rigau V, Chiforeanu DC, Pallud J, Senova S, Saffroy R, Colin C, Edjlali M, Varlet P, Figarella-Branger D, Godfraind C, Gauchotte G, Mokhtari K, Bielle F, Escande F, Fina F. Clinico-pathological and epigenetic heterogeneity of diffuse gliomas with FGFR3::TACC3 fusion. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:14. [PMID: 36647073 PMCID: PMC9843943 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas with FGFR3::TACC3 fusion mainly occur in adults, display pathological features of glioblastomas (GB) and are usually classified as glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype. However, cases demonstrating pathological features of low-grade glioma (LGG) lead to difficulties in classification and clinical management. We report a series of 8 GB and 14 LGG with FGFR3:TACC3 fusion in order to better characterize them. METHODS Centralized pathological examination, search for TERT promoter mutation and DNA-methylation profiling were performed in all cases. Search for prognostic factors was done by the Kaplan-Meir method. RESULTS TERT promoter mutation was recorded in all GB and 6/14 LGG. Among the 7 cases with a methylation score > 0.9 in the classifier (v12.5), 2 were classified as glioblastoma, 4 as ganglioglioma (GG) and 1 as dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET). t-SNE analysis showed that the 22 cases clustered into three groups: one included 12 cases close to glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype methylation class (MC), 5 cases each clustered with GG or DNET MC but none with PLNTY MC. Unsupervised clustering analysis revealed four groups, two of them being clearly distinct: 5 cases shared age (< 40), pathological features of LGG, lack of TERT promoter mutation, FGFR3(Exon 17)::TACC3(Exon 10) fusion type and LGG MC. In contrast, 4 cases shared age (> 40), pathological features of glioblastoma, and were TERT-mutated. Relevant factors associated with a better prognosis were age < 40 and lack of TERT promoter mutation. CONCLUSION Among gliomas with FGFR3::TACC3 fusion, age, TERT promoter mutation, pathological features, DNA-methylation profiling and fusion subtype are of interest to determine patients' risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Métais
- GHU Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Site Sainte-Anne, service de Neuropathologie, Paris, France ,grid.5842.b0000 0001 2171 2558Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, INSERM, Equipe IMA-BRAIN (Imaging Biomarkers for Brain Development and Disorders), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Arnault Tauziède-Espariat
- GHU Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Site Sainte-Anne, service de Neuropathologie, Paris, France ,grid.5842.b0000 0001 2171 2558Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, INSERM, Equipe IMA-BRAIN (Imaging Biomarkers for Brain Development and Disorders), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Garcia
- grid.411266.60000 0001 0404 1115APHM, CHU Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Appay
- grid.411266.60000 0001 0404 1115APHM, CHU Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France ,grid.464051.20000 0004 0385 4984Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Uro-Coste
- grid.411175.70000 0001 1457 2980Department of Pathology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - David Meyronet
- grid.413852.90000 0001 2163 3825Groupe Hospitalier Est, Département de Neuropathologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France ,grid.462282.80000 0004 0384 0005Department of Cancer cell plasticity – INSERM U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claude-Alain Maurage
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Department of Pathology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Fanny Vandenbos
- grid.464719.90000 0004 0639 4696Department of Neuropathology, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Valérie Rigau
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Department of Pathology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Dan Christian Chiforeanu
- grid.414271.5Service d’Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Johan Pallud
- grid.5842.b0000 0001 2171 2558Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, INSERM, Equipe IMA-BRAIN (Imaging Biomarkers for Brain Development and Disorders), Université de Paris, Paris, France ,Department of Neurosurgery, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Suhan Senova
- grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Departments of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France
| | - Raphaël Saffroy
- grid.413133.70000 0001 0206 8146Department of Biochemistry and Oncogenetic, APHP, Paul-Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Carole Colin
- grid.464051.20000 0004 0385 4984Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Myriam Edjlali
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Department of Radiology, APHP, Hôpitaux Raymond-Poincaré and Ambroise Paré, DMU Smart Imaging, U 1179 UVSQ/Paris-Saclay, GH Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France ,grid.503243.3Laboratoire d’imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Pascale Varlet
- GHU Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Site Sainte-Anne, service de Neuropathologie, Paris, France ,grid.5842.b0000 0001 2171 2558Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, INSERM, Equipe IMA-BRAIN (Imaging Biomarkers for Brain Development and Disorders), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- grid.411266.60000 0001 0404 1115APHM, CHU Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France ,grid.464051.20000 0004 0385 4984Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
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FGFR3-TACCs3 Fusions and Their Clinical Relevance in Human Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158675. [PMID: 35955806 PMCID: PMC9369421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic fusion genes have emerged as successful targets in several malignancies, such as chronic myeloid leukemia and lung cancer. Fusion of the fibroblast growth receptor 3 and the transforming acidic coiled coil containing protein—FGFR3-TACC3 fusion—is prevalent in 3–4% of human glioblastoma. The fusion protein leads to the constitutively activated kinase signaling of FGFR3 and thereby promotes cell proliferation and tumor progression. The subgroup of FGFR3-TACC3 fusion-positive glioblastomas presents with recurrent clinical and histomolecular characteristics, defining a distinctive subtype of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. This review aims to provide an overview of the available literature on FGFR3-TACC3 fusions in glioblastoma and possible implications for actual clinical practice.
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Insights of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 aberrations in pan-cancer and their roles in potential clinical treatment. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16541-16566. [PMID: 34160364 PMCID: PMC8266346 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) alters frequently across various cancer types and is a common therapeutic target in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) with FGFR3 variants. Although emerging evidence supports the role of FGFR3 in individual cancer types, no pan-cancer analysis is available. In this work, we used the open comprehensive datasets, covering a total of 10,953 patients with 10,967 samples across 32 TCGA cancer types, to identify the full alteration spectrum of FGFR3. FGFR3 abnormal expression, methylation patterns, alteration frequency, mutation location distribution, functional impact, and prognostic implications differed greatly from cancer to cancer. The overall alteration frequency of FGFR3 was relatively low in all cancers. Targetable mutations were mainly detected in BLCA, and S249C, Y373C, G370C, and R248C were hotspot mutations that could be targeted by an FDA approved erdafitinib. Genetic fusions were mainly observed in glioma, followed by BLCA. FGFR3-TACC3 was the most common fusion type which was proposed as novel therapeutic targets in glioma and was targetable with erdafitinib in BLCA. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) were two lung cancer subtypes, FGFR3 fusion and hotspot mutation like S249C were observed more commonly in LUSC but not in LUAD. DNA methylation was correlated with the expression of FGFR3 and its downstream genes in some tumors. FGFG3 abnormal expression and alterations exhibited clinical correlations with patient prognosis in several tumors. This work exhibited the full alteration spectrum of FGFR3 and indicated several new clues for their application as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators.
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Ardizzone A, Scuderi SA, Giuffrida D, Colarossi C, Puglisi C, Campolo M, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E, Paterniti I. Role of Fibroblast Growth Factors Receptors (FGFRs) in Brain Tumors, Focus on Astrocytoma and Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3825. [PMID: 33352931 PMCID: PMC7766440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite pharmacological treatments and surgical practice options, the mortality rate of astrocytomas and glioblastomas remains high, thus representing a medical emergency for which it is necessary to find new therapeutic strategies. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) act through their associated receptors (FGFRs), a family of tyrosine kinase receptors consisting of four members (FGFR1-4), regulators of tissue development and repair. In particular, FGFRs play an important role in cell proliferation, survival, and migration, as well as angiogenesis, thus their gene alteration is certainly related to the development of the most common diseases, including cancer. FGFRs are subjected to multiple somatic aberrations such as chromosomal amplification of FGFR1; mutations and multiple dysregulations of FGFR2; and mutations, translocations, and significant amplifications of FGFR3 and FGFR4 that correlate to oncogenesis process. Therefore, the in-depth study of these receptor systems could help to understand the etiology of both astrocytoma and glioblastoma so as to achieve notable advances in more effective target therapies. Furthermore, the discovery of FGFR inhibitors revealed how these biological compounds improve the neoplastic condition by demonstrating efficacy and safety. On this basis, this review focuses on the role and involvement of FGFRs in brain tumors such as astrocytoma and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Ardizzone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (S.A.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Sarah A. Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (S.A.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Dario Giuffrida
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande (CT), Italy; (D.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina Colarossi
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande (CT), Italy; (D.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Caterina Puglisi
- IOM Ricerca Srl, Via Penninazzo 11, 95029 Viagrande (CT), Italy;
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (S.A.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (S.A.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (S.A.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (S.A.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (E.E.)
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Schittenhelm J, Ziegler L, Sperveslage J, Mittelbronn M, Capper D, Burghardt I, Poso A, Biskup S, Skardelly M, Tabatabai G. FGFR3 overexpression is a useful detection tool for FGFR3 fusions and sequence variations in glioma. Neurooncol Pract 2020; 8:209-221. [PMID: 33898054 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors are currently used in clinical development. A subset of glioblastomas carries gene fusion of FGFR3 and transforming acidic coiled-coil protein 3. The prevalence of other FGFR3 alterations in glioma is currently unclear. Methods We performed RT-PCR in 101 glioblastoma samples to detect FGFR3-TACC3 fusions ("RT-PCR cohort") and correlated results with FGFR3 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Further, we applied FGFR3 IHC in 552 tissue microarray glioma samples ("TMA cohort") and validated these results in two external cohorts with 319 patients. Gene panel sequencing was carried out in 88 samples ("NGS cohort") to identify other possible FGFR3 alterations. Molecular modeling was performed on newly detected mutations. Results In the "RT-PCR cohort," we identified FGFR3-TACC3 fusions in 2/101 glioblastomas. Positive IHC staining was observed in 73/1024 tumor samples of which 10 were strongly positive. In the "NGS cohort," we identified FGFR3 fusions in 9/88 cases, FGFR3 amplification in 2/88 cases, and FGFR3 gene mutations in 7/88 cases in targeted sequencing. All FGFR3 fusions and amplifications and a novel FGFR3 K649R missense mutation were associated with FGFR3 overexpression (sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 95%, respectively, at cutoff IHC score > 7). Modeling of these data indicated that Tyr647, a residue phosphorylated as a part of FGFR3 activation, is affected by the K649R mutation. Conclusions FGFR3 IHC is a useful screening tool for the detection of FGFR3 alterations and could be included in the workflow for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioma diagnostics. Samples with positive FGFR3 staining could then be selected for NGS-based diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schittenhelm
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Ziegler
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan Sperveslage
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Department of Oncology (DONC), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Edinger Institute (Neurological Institute), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Capper
- Institute of Neuropathology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabel Burghardt
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neurooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Antti Poso
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marco Skardelly
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neurooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Center for Personalized Medicine, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), DKFZ partner site Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Mata DA, Benhamida JK, Lin AL, Vanderbilt CM, Yang SR, Villafania LB, Ferguson DC, Jonsson P, Miller AM, Tabar V, Brennan CW, Moss NS, Sill M, Benayed R, Mellinghoff IK, Rosenblum MK, Arcila ME, Ladanyi M, Bale TA. Genetic and epigenetic landscape of IDH-wildtype glioblastomas with FGFR3-TACC3 fusions. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:186. [PMID: 33168106 PMCID: PMC7653727 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01058-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A subset of glioblastomas (GBMs) harbors potentially druggable oncogenic FGFR3-TACC3 (F3T3) fusions. However, their associated molecular and clinical features are poorly understood. Here we analyze the frequency of F3T3-fusion positivity, its associated genetic and methylation profiles, and its impact on survival in 906 IDH-wildtype GBM patients. We establish an F3T3 prevalence of 4.1% and delineate its associations with cancer signaling pathway alterations. F3T3-positive GBMs had lower tumor mutational and copy-number alteration burdens than F3T3-wildtype GBMs. Although F3T3 fusions were predominantly mutually exclusive with other oncogenic RTK pathway alterations, they did rarely co-occur with EGFR amplification. They were less likely to harbor TP53 alterations. By methylation profiling, they were more likely to be assigned the mesenchymal or RTK II subclass. Despite being older at diagnosis and having similar frequencies of MGMT promoter hypermethylation, patients with F3T3-positive GBMs lived about 8 months longer than those with F3T3-wildtype tumors. While consistent with IDH-wildtype GBM, F3T3-positive GBMs exhibit distinct biological features, underscoring the importance of pursuing molecular studies prior to clinical trial enrollment and targeted treatment.
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Lebrun L, Meléndez B, Blanchard O, De Nève N, Van Campenhout C, Lelotte J, Balériaux D, Riva M, Brotchi J, Bruneau M, De Witte O, Decaestecker C, D’Haene N, Salmon I. Clinical, radiological and molecular characterization of intramedullary astrocytomas. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:128. [PMID: 32771057 PMCID: PMC7414698 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00962-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramedullary astrocytomas (IMAs) are rare tumors, and few studies specific to the molecular alterations of IMAs have been performed. Recently, KIAA1549-BRAF fusions and the H3F3A p.K27M mutation have been described in low-grade (LG) and high-grade (HG) IMAs, respectively. In the present study, we collected clinico-radiological data and performed targeted next-generation sequencing for 61 IMAs (26 grade I pilocytic, 17 grade II diffuse, 3 LG, 3 grade III and 12 grade IV) to identify KIAA1549-BRAF fusions and mutations in 33 genes commonly implicated in gliomas and the 1p/19q regions. One hundred seventeen brain astrocytomas were analyzed for comparison. While we did not observe a difference in clinico-radiological features between LG and HG IMAs, we observed significantly different overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). Multivariate analysis showed that the tumor grade was associated with better OS while EFS was strongly impacted by tumor grade and surgery, with higher rates of disease progression in cases in which only biopsy could be performed. For LG IMAs, EFS was only impacted by surgery and not by grade. The most common mutations found in IMAs involved TP53, H3F3A p.K27M and ATRX. As in the brain, grade I pilocytic IMAs frequently harbored KIAA1549-BRAF fusions but with different fusion types. Non-canonical IDH mutations were observed in only 2 grade II diffuse IMAs. No EGFR or TERT promoter alterations were found in IDH wild-type grade II diffuse IMAs. These latter tumors seem to have a good prognosis, and only 2 cases underwent anaplastic evolution. All of the HG IMAs presented at least one molecular alteration, with the most frequent one being the H3F3A p.K27M mutation. The H3F3A p.K27M mutation showed significant associations with OS and EFS after multivariate analysis. This study emphasizes that IMAs have distinct clinico-radiological, natural evolution and molecular landscapes from brain astrocytomas.
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10
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Bale TA. FGFR- gene family alterations in low-grade neuroepithelial tumors. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:21. [PMID: 32085805 PMCID: PMC7035775 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00898-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene family alterations as drivers of primary brain tumors has generated significant excitement, both as potential therapeutic targets as well as defining hallmarks of histologic entities. However, FGFR alterations among neuroepithelial lesions are not restricted to high or low grade, nor to adult vs. pediatric-type tumors. While it may be tempting to consider FGFR-altered tumors as a unified group, this underlying heterogeneity poses diagnostic and interpretive challenges. Therefore, understanding the underlying biology of tumors harboring specific FGFR alterations is critical. In this review, recent evidence for recurrent FGFR alterations in histologically and biologically low-grade neuroepithelial tumors (LGNTs) is examined (namely FGFR1 tyrosine kinase domain duplication in low grade glioma, FGFR1-TACC1 fusions in extraventricular neurocytoma [EVN], and FGFR2-CTNNA3 fusions in polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young [PLNTY]). Additionally, FGFR alterations with less well-defined prognostic implications are considered (FGFR3-TACC3 fusions, FGFR1 hotspot mutations). Finally, a framework for practical interpretation of FGFR alterations in low grade glial/glioneuronal tumors is proposed.
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11
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Abstract
The discovery of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene family alterations as drivers of primary brain tumors has generated significant excitement, both as potential therapeutic targets as well as defining hallmarks of histologic entities. However, FGFR alterations among neuroepithelial lesions are not restricted to high or low grade, nor to adult vs. pediatric-type tumors. While it may be tempting to consider FGFR-altered tumors as a unified group, this underlying heterogeneity poses diagnostic and interpretive challenges. Therefore, understanding the underlying biology of tumors harboring specific FGFR alterations is critical. In this review, recent evidence for recurrent FGFR alterations in histologically and biologically low-grade neuroepithelial tumors (LGNTs) is examined (namely FGFR1 tyrosine kinase domain duplication in low grade glioma, FGFR1-TACC1 fusions in extraventricular neurocytoma [EVN], and FGFR2-CTNNA3 fusions in polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young [PLNTY]). Additionally, FGFR alterations with less well-defined prognostic implications are considered (FGFR3-TACC3 fusions, FGFR1 hotspot mutations). Finally, a framework for practical interpretation of FGFR alterations in low grade glial/glioneuronal tumors is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejus A Bale
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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12
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Granberg KJ, Raita A, Lehtinen B, Tiihonen AM, Kesseli J, Annala M, Rodriguez-Martinez A, Nordfors K, Zhang W, Visakorpi T, Nykter M, Haapasalo H. Moderate-to-strong expression of FGFR3 and TP53 alterations in a subpopulation of choroid plexus tumors. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:673-680. [PMID: 31660579 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling is tightly associated with numerous human malignancies, including cancer. Indeed, FGFR inhibitors are being tested as anti-tumor drugs in clinical trials. Among gliomas, FGFR3 fusions occur in IDH wild-type diffuse gliomas leading to high FGFR3 protein expression and both, FGFR3 and FGFR1, show elevated expression in aggressive ependymomas. The aim of this study was to uncover the expression of FGFR1 and FGFR3 proteins in choroid plexus tumors and to further characterize FGFR-related as well as other genetic alterations in FGFR3 expressing tumors. Expression levels of FGFR1 and FGFR3 were detected in 15 choroid plexus tumor tissues using immunohistochemistry of tissue microarrays and 6 samples were subjected to whole mount FGFR3 staining. Targeted sequencing was used for deeper molecular analysis of two FGFR3 positive cases. Moderate expression of FGFR1 or FGFR3 was evidenced in one third of the studied choroid plexus tumors. Targeted sequencing of a choroid plexus carcinoma and an atypical choroid plexus papilloma, both with moderate-to-strong FGFR3 expression, revealed lack of protein-altering mutations or fusions in FGFR1 or FGFR3, but TP53 was altered in both tumors. FGFR3 and FGFR1 proteins are expressed in a subpopulation of choroid plexus tumors. Further studies using larger cohorts of patients will allow identification of the clinicopathological implications of FGFR1 and FGFR3 expression in choroid plexus tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi J Granberg
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. .,Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Annina Raita
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Birgitta Lehtinen
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aliisa M Tiihonen
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Kesseli
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Annala
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alejandra Rodriguez-Martinez
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kristiina Nordfors
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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13
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The pivotal role of sampling recurrent tumors in the precision care of patients with tumors of the central nervous system. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2019; 5:mcs.a004143. [PMID: 31371350 PMCID: PMC6672021 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a004143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective management of brain and spine tumors relies on a multidisciplinary approach encompassing surgery, radiation, and systemic therapy. In the era of personalized oncology, the latter is complemented by various molecularly targeting agents. Precise identification of cellular targets for these drugs requires comprehensive profiling of the cancer genome coupled with an efficient analytic pipeline, leading to an informed decision on drug selection, prognosis, and confirmation of the original pathological diagnosis. Acquisition of optimal tumor tissue for such analysis is paramount and often presents logistical challenges in neurosurgery. Here, we describe the experience and results of the Personalized OncoGenomics (POG) program with a focus on tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Patients with recurrent CNS tumors were consented and enrolled into the POG program prior to accrual of tumor and matched blood followed by whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing and processing through the POG bioinformatic pipeline. Sixteen patients were enrolled into POG. In each case, POG analyses identified genomic drivers including novel oncogenic fusions, aberrant pathways, and putative therapeutic targets. POG has highlighted that personalized oncology is truly a multidisciplinary field, one in which neurosurgeons must play a vital role if these programs are to succeed and benefit our patients.
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14
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Alterations of 63 hub genes during lingual carcinogenesis in C57BL/6J mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12626. [PMID: 30135512 PMCID: PMC6105652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify potential biomarkers of lingual cancer, 75 female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 16-week oral delivery of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO; 50 mg/L), with 10 mice used as controls. Lingual mucosa samples representative of normal tissue (week 0) and early (week 12) and advanced (week 28) tumorigenesis were harvested for microarray and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-Seq). Combined analysis with Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM), the Cytoscape plugin cytoHubba, and screening of differentially expressed genes enabled identification of 63 hub genes predominantly altered in the early stage rather than the advanced stage. Validation of microarray results was carried out using qRT-PCR. Of 63 human orthologous genes, 35 correlated with human oral squamous cell carcinoma. KEGG analysis showed "pathways in cancer", involving 13 hub genes, as the leading KEGG term. Significant alterations in promoter methylation were confirmed at Tbp, Smad1, Smad4, Pdpk1, Camk2, Atxn3, and Cdh2. HDAC2, TBP, and EP300 scored ≥10 on Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) in STEM profile 11 and were overexpressed in human tongue cancer samples. However, expression did not correlate with smoking status, tumor differentiation, or overall survival. These results highlight potentially useful candidate biomarkers for lingual cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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15
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Dhami J, Hirshfield KM, Ganesan S, Hellmann M, Rojas V, Amorosa JK, Riedlinger GM, Zhong H, Ali SM, Pavlick D, Elvin JA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L. Comprehensive genomic profiling aids in treatment of a metastatic endometrial cancer. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a002089. [PMID: 29588307 PMCID: PMC5880253 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FGFR-TACC fusions, including FGFR3-TACC3, have been identified as potential oncogenic drivers and actionable alterations in a number of different cancer types. The clinical relevance of FGFR3-TACC3 fusions in endometrial cancer has not yet been described. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded metastatic endometrial carcinoma from the spleen and peritoneum were sent for comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) using the FoundationOne platform as part of a prospective tumor genomic profiling protocol. We report the identification of an FGFR3-TACC3 fusion in a case of metastatic endometrioid endometrial cancer. Other potentially actionable alterations detected in this specimen included PIK3CA T1025S and an uncharacterized rearrangement involving TSC2. The patient initially received an FGFR inhibitor as an investigational agent and experienced stable disease with complete resolution of a pelvic nodule; however, treatment had to be discontinued because of intolerable side effects. A PET/CT scan nearly 3 mo after discontinuation showed disease progression. She subsequently received the mTOR inhibitor, temsirolimus, later accompanied by letrozole, and achieved stable disease. Clinical benefit was attributed to the mTOR inhibitor as tumor stained negative for estrogen receptor. Temsirolimus was discontinued after >17 mo because of disease progression. FGFR inhibitors may have clinical benefit in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma with FGFR3-TACC3 fusions. Additionally, clinical benefit from an mTOR inhibitor may reflect a response to targeting the alteration in PIK3CA or TSC2. More research is needed to understand the activity of FGFR3-TACC3 fusions on tumors and to discover additional therapeutic options for endometrial carcinoma patients with this gene fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Dhami
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey/Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Kim M Hirshfield
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey/Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey/Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Mira Hellmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hackensack University Medical Center-Hackensack Meridian Health, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack, New Jersey 07601, USA
| | - Veronica Rojas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Judith K Amorosa
- Department of Radiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Gregory M Riedlinger
- Department of Pathology, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey 07740, USA
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey 07740, USA
| | - Siraj M Ali
- Foundation Medicine, Inc. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
| | - Dean Pavlick
- Foundation Medicine, Inc. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
| | - Julia A Elvin
- Foundation Medicine, Inc. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey/Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
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16
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Bielle F, Di Stefano AL, Meyronet D, Picca A, Villa C, Bernier M, Schmitt Y, Giry M, Rousseau A, Figarella-Branger D, Maurage CA, Uro-Coste E, Lasorella A, Iavarone A, Sanson M, Mokhtari K. Diffuse gliomas with FGFR3-TACC3 fusion have characteristic histopathological and molecular features. Brain Pathol 2017; 28:674-683. [PMID: 28976058 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult glioblastomas, IDH-wildtype represent a heterogeneous group of diseases. They are resistant to conventional treatment by concomitant radiochemotherapy and carry a dismal prognosis. The discovery of oncogenic gene fusions in these tumors has led to prospective targeted treatments, but identification of these rare alterations in practice is challenging. Here, we report a series of 30 adult diffuse gliomas with an in frame FGFR3-TACC3 oncogenic fusion (n = 27 WHO grade IV and n = 3 WHO grade II) as well as their histological and molecular features. We observed recurrent morphological features (monomorphous ovoid nuclei, nuclear palisading and thin parallel cytoplasmic processes, endocrinoid network of thin capillaries) associated with frequent microcalcifications and desmoplasia. We report a constant immunoreactivity for FGFR3, which is a valuable method for screening for the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion with 100% sensitivity and 92% specificity. We confirmed the associated molecular features (typical genetic alterations of glioblastoma, except the absence of EGFR amplification, and an increased frequency of CDK4 and MDM2 amplifications). FGFR3 immunopositivity is a valuable tool to identify gliomas that are likely to harbor the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion for inclusion in targeted therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Bielle
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Paris, France.,Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Paris, France.,Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Anna-Luisa Di Stefano
- Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France.,Foch Hospital, Service de Neurologie, Suresnes, France
| | - David Meyronet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Alberto Picca
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Villa
- Department of Pathological Cytology and Anatomy, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris Descartes University, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Bernier
- Department of Pathological Cytology and Anatomy, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | | | | | - Audrey Rousseau
- Département de Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France.,CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- AP-HM, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2 UMR_S 911, Marseille, France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Uro-Coste
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Oncopole, Toulouse, France.,INSERM UMR 1037 (INSERM/Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier/ERL CNRS 5294), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anna Lasorella
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Irving Comprehensive Research Center, New York
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Irving Comprehensive Research Center, New York
| | - Marc Sanson
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Paris, France.,Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France.,OncoNeuroTek, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Paris, France.,Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Paris, France.,Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France.,OncoNeuroTek, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
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17
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Lehtinen B, Raita A, Kesseli J, Annala M, Nordfors K, Yli-Harja O, Zhang W, Visakorpi T, Nykter M, Haapasalo H, Granberg KJ. Clinical association analysis of ependymomas and pilocytic astrocytomas reveals elevated FGFR3 and FGFR1 expression in aggressive ependymomas. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:310. [PMID: 28468611 PMCID: PMC5415775 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are well-known proto-oncogenes in several human malignancies and are currently therapeutically targeted in clinical trials. Among glioma subtypes, activating FGFR1 alterations have been observed in a subpopulation of pilocytic astrocytomas while FGFR3 fusions occur in IDH wild-type diffuse gliomas, resulting in high FGFR3 protein expression. The purpose of this study was to associate FGFR1 and FGFR3 protein levels with clinical features and genetic alterations in ependymoma and pilocytic astrocytoma. METHODS FGFR1 and FGFR3 expression levels were detected in ependymoma and pilocytic astrocytoma tissues using immunohistochemistry. Selected cases were further analyzed using targeted sequencing. RESULTS Expression of both FGFR1 and FGFR3 varied within all tumor types. In ependymomas, increased FGFR3 or FGFR1 expression was associated with high tumor grade, cerebral location, young patient age, and poor prognosis. Moderate-to-strong expression of FGFR1 and/or FGFR3 was observed in 76% of cerebral ependymomas. Cases with moderate-to-strong expression of both proteins had poor clinical prognosis. In pilocytic astrocytomas, moderate-to-strong FGFR3 expression was detected predominantly in non-pediatric patients. Targeted sequencing of 12 tumors found no protein-altering mutations or fusions in FGFR1 or FGFR3. CONCLUSIONS Elevated FGFR3 and FGFR1 protein expression is common in aggressive ependymomas but likely not driven by genetic alterations. Further studies are warranted to evaluate whether ependymoma patients with high FGFR3 and/or FGFR1 expression could benefit from treatment with FGFR inhibitor based therapeutic approaches currently under evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Lehtinen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biokatu 8, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Annina Raita
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Kesseli
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biokatu 8, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Annala
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biokatu 8, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kristiina Nordfors
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Center for Child Health Research, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Yli-Harja
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, 33720, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biokatu 8, 33520, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biokatu 8, 33520, Tampere, Finland.,Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 6, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland. .,Department of Pathology, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Kirsi J Granberg
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biokatu 8, 33520, Tampere, Finland. .,Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, 33720, Tampere, Finland. .,Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 6, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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